Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedure for Television Sets, 16082-16110 [2023-03986]
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Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 50 / Wednesday, March 15, 2023 / Rules and Regulations
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
10 CFR Parts 429 and 430
[EERE–2016–BT–TP–0023]
RIN 1904–AD70
Energy Conservation Program: Test
Procedure for Television Sets
Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy, Department of
Energy.
ACTION: Final rule.
AGENCY:
This final rule amends the
test procedure for television sets to
incorporate by reference the relevant
updated industry standard. The
Department of Energy (‘‘DOE’’) has
determined that incorporating the
updated industry standard will result in
a test procedure that is more
representative of the average energy use
of television sets.
DATES: The effective date of this rule is
April 14, 2023. The amendments will be
mandatory for product testing starting
September 11, 2023.
The incorporation by reference of
certain materials listed in the rule is
approved by the Director of the Federal
Register on April 14, 2023.
ADDRESSES: The docket, which includes
Federal Register notices, public meeting
attendee lists and transcripts,
comments, and other supporting
documents/materials, is available for
review at www.regulations.gov. All
documents in the docket are listed in
the www.regulations.gov index.
However, not all documents listed in
the index may be publicly available,
such as those containing information
that is exempt from public disclosure.
A link to the docket web page can be
found at www.regulations.gov/docket/
EERE-2016-BT-TP-0023. The docket
web page contains instructions on how
to access all documents, including
public comments, in the docket.
For further information on how to
review the docket, contact the
Appliance and Equipment Standards
Program staff at (202) 287–1445 or by
email: ApplianceStandardsQuestions@
ee.doe.gov.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr.
Jeremy Dommu, U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy, Building
Technologies Office, EE–2J, 1000
Independence Avenue SW, Washington,
DC 20585–0121. Telephone: (202) 506–
9870. Email:
ApplianceStandardsQuestions@
ee.doe.gov.
Ms. Celia Sher, U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of the General Counsel,
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SUMMARY:
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GC–33, 1000 Independence Avenue SW,
Washington, DC 20585–0121.
Telephone: (202) 287–6122. Email:
celia.sher@hq.doe.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: DOE
incorporates by reference the following
industry standard into 10 CFR part 430:
ANSI/CTA–2037–D, ‘‘Determination
of Television Set Power Consumption,’’
September 2022.
Copies of ANSI/CTA–2037–D can be
obtained from: Consumer Technology
Association, 1919 S Eads Street,
Arlington, VA 22202. Telephone: (703)
907–7600, or by going to www.cta.tech.
For a further discussion of this
standard, see section IV.N of this
document.
Table of Contents
I. Authority and Background
A. Authority
B. Background
II. Synopsis of the Final Rule
III. Discussion
A. General Comments
B. Scope of Applicability
C. Updates to Industry Standards
D. Definitions
E. Test Equipment
1. Power Supply
2. Power Meter
3. Luminance Meter
4. Illuminance Meter
5. Video Input Device
6. Light Source for ABC Testing
F. Test Room Setup
1. Room Ambient Conditions
2. Room Illuminance Level
3. UUT Installation and Placement
G. Test Configuration
1. Configuration of Special Functions
2. Media Player Setup and Connection
3. Test Clips
4. Preset Picture Settings for On Mode
Tests
5. Sound Level
6. Network Configuration
H. Test Conduct
1. On Mode Test
2. Luminance Test
3. Standby Mode Test
4. Off Mode Test
I. Calculation of Annual Energy
Consumption
J. Updates to the Regulatory Text at
Appendix H
K. Test Procedure Costs
L. Effective and Compliance Dates
IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review
A. Review Under Executive Orders 12866
and 13563
B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility
Act
C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction
Act of 1995
D. Review Under the National
Environmental Policy Act of 1969
E. Review Under Executive Order 13132
F. Review Under Executive Order 12988
G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates
Reform Act of 1995
H. Review Under the Treasury and General
Government Appropriations Act, 1999
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I. Review Under Executive Order 12630
J. Review Under Treasury and General
Government Appropriations Act, 2001
K. Review Under Executive Order 13211
L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal
Energy Administration Act of 1974
M. Congressional Notification
N. Description of Materials Incorporated by
Reference
V. Approval of the Office of the Secretary
I. Authority and Background
Television sets (‘‘TVs’’) are included
in the list of ‘‘covered products’’ for
which DOE is authorized to establish
and amend test procedures. (42 U.S.C.
6292(a)(12)) DOE’s current test
procedure for TVs is codified at title 10
of the Code of Federal Regulations
(‘‘CFR’’) part 430, subpart B, appendix
H, ‘‘Uniform Test Method for Measuring
the Power Consumption of Television
Sets’’ (‘‘appendix H’’). DOE has not
established energy conservation
standards for TVs. The following
sections discuss DOE’s authority to
establish the test procedure for TVs and
relevant background information
regarding DOE’s consideration of the
test procedure for this product.
A. Authority
The Energy Policy and Conservation
Act, Public Law 94–163, as amended
(‘‘EPCA’’),1 authorizes DOE to regulate
the energy efficiency of a number of
consumer products and certain
industrial equipment. (42 U.S.C. 6291–
6317) Title III, Part B 2 of EPCA
established the Energy Conservation
Program for Consumer Products Other
Than Automobiles, which sets forth a
variety of provisions designed to
improve energy efficiency. These
products include TVs, the subject of this
document. (42 U.S.C. 6292(a)(12))
The energy conservation program
under EPCA consists essentially of four
parts: (1) testing, (2) labeling, (3) Federal
energy conservation standards, and (4)
certification and enforcement
procedures. Relevant provisions of
EPCA specifically include definitions
(42 U.S.C. 6291), test procedures (42
U.S.C. 6293), labeling provisions (42
U.S.C. 6294), energy conservation
standards (42 U.S.C. 6295), and the
authority to require information and
reports from manufacturers (42 U.S.C.
6296).
The testing requirements consist of
test procedures that manufacturers of
covered products must use as the basis
1 All references to EPCA in this document refer
to the statute as amended through the Energy Act
of 2020, Public Law 116–260 (Dec. 27, 2020), which
reflect the last statutory amendments that impact
Parts A and A–1 of EPCA.
2 For editorial reasons, upon codification in the
U.S. Code, Part B was redesignated Part A.
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for (1) certifying to DOE that their
products comply with the applicable
energy conservation standards adopted
pursuant to EPCA (42 U.S.C. 6295(s)),
and (2) making representations about
the efficiency of those consumer
products (42 U.S.C. 6293(c)). Similarly,
DOE must use these test procedures to
determine whether the products comply
with relevant standards promulgated
under EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6295(s))
Federal energy efficiency
requirements for covered products
established under EPCA generally
supersede State laws and regulations
concerning energy conservation testing,
labeling, and standards. (42 U.S.C. 6297)
DOE may, however, grant waivers of
Federal preemption for particular State
laws or regulations, in accordance with
the procedures and other provisions of
EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6297(d))
Under 42 U.S.C. 6293, EPCA sets forth
the criteria and procedures DOE must
follow when prescribing or amending
test procedures for covered products.
EPCA requires that any test procedures
prescribed or amended under this
section be reasonably designed to
produce test results which measure
energy efficiency, energy use, or
estimated annual operating cost of a
covered product during a representative
average use cycle or period of use and
not be unduly burdensome to conduct.
(42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3)) EPCA also
requires that, at least once every 7 years,
DOE evaluate test procedures for each
type of covered product, including TVs,
to determine whether amended test
procedures would more accurately or
fully comply with the requirements for
the test procedures to not be unduly
burdensome to conduct and be
reasonably designed to produce test
results that reflect energy efficiency,
energy use, and estimated operating
costs during a representative average
use cycle or period of use. (42 U.S.C.
6293(b)(1)(A))
If the Secretary determines, on her
own behalf or in response to a petition
by any interested person, that a test
procedure should be prescribed or
amended, the Secretary shall promptly
publish in the Federal Register
proposed test procedures and afford
interested persons an opportunity to
present oral and written data, views,
and arguments with respect to such
procedures. The comment period on a
proposed rule to amend a test procedure
shall be at least 60 days and may not
exceed 270 days. In prescribing or
amending a test procedure, the
Secretary shall take into account such
information as the Secretary determines
relevant to such procedure, including
technological developments relating to
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energy use or energy efficiency of the
type (or class) of covered products
involved. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(2)) If DOE
determines that test procedure revisions
are not appropriate, DOE must publish
its determination not to amend the test
procedures.
In addition, EPCA requires that DOE
amend its test procedures for all covered
products to integrate measures of
standby mode and off mode energy
consumption into the overall energy
efficiency, energy consumption, or other
energy descriptor, unless the current
test procedure already incorporates the
standby mode and off mode energy
consumption, or if such integration is
technically infeasible. (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(2)(A)) If an integrated test
procedure is technically infeasible, DOE
must prescribe separate standby mode
and off mode energy use test procedures
for the covered product, if a separate
test is technically feasible. (Id.) Any
such amendment must consider the
most current versions of the
International Electrotechnical
Commission (‘‘IEC’’) Standard 62301 3
and IEC Standard 62087 4 as applicable.
(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A))
DOE is publishing this final rule in
satisfaction of the 7-year review
requirement specified in EPCA. (42
U.S.C. 6293(b)(1)(A))
B. Background
DOE most recently amended its TV
test procedure in a final rule published
on October 25, 2013 (‘‘October 2013
final rule’’). 78 FR 63823. The current
DOE test procedure includes methods
for measuring TV power consumption
in active mode (i.e., on mode), standby
mode, and off mode; TV screen
luminance; and the annual energy
consumption (‘‘AEC’’) of TVs. As part of
the on mode testing, DOE adopted the
use of IEC Standard 62087, Edition 3.0,
2011–04, ‘‘Methods of measurement for
the power consumption of audio, video,
and related equipment’’ (‘‘IEC
62087:2011’’). IEC 62087:2011 includes
a video test clip on a DVD and Blu-ray
DiscTM to be used when conducting on
mode testing (‘‘IEC test clip’’), as well as
a static, black-and-white 3-bar image for
measuring screen luminance.
DOE notes that it does not currently
prescribe energy conservation standards
for TVs. However, DOE’s test procedure
for TVs provides the basis for
qualification criteria established by the
3 IEC 62301, Household electrical appliances—
Measurement of standby power (Edition 2.0, 2011–
01).
4 IEC 62087, Audio, video and related
equipment—Methods of measurement for power
consumption (Edition 1.0, Parts 1–6: 2015, Part 7:
2018).
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s
(‘‘EPA’’) ENERGY STAR program.
Additionally, DOE does not specify any
certification requirements for TVs at 10
CFR 429.25. However, the Federal Trade
Commission (‘‘FTC’’) requires
manufacturers of TVs to submit
annually a report containing the brand
name; model number; screen size
(diagonal in inches); power (in watts)
consumed in on mode, standby-passive
mode, standby-active mode, low mode,
and off mode; and annual energy
consumption (kWh/year) for each basic
model in current production among
other model identifiers. 16 CFR
305.11(3). FTC allows this information
to be submitted to DOE via the
Compliance and Certification
Management System in lieu of
submitting the required information to
FTC. Id. Therefore, although DOE has
not established energy conservation
standards or certification requirements
for TVs at this time, DOE’s test
procedure is currently used by other
agencies for voluntary representations of
TV energy consumption and reporting
requirements for the EnergyGuide label.
On June 24, 2016, DOE published in
the Federal Register a request for
information (‘‘June 2016 RFI’’) to
consider whether revisions were needed
to the existing TV test procedure. 81 FR
41262. Specifically, DOE noted in the
June 2016 RFI that it found certain TVs
consistently demonstrated decreased
power use when displaying the IEC test
clip as compared to other test clips and
requested comments, information, and
data on: the use of the IEC test clip or
other test clips; whether the current
luminance test, which uses a static 3-bar
image to measure screen luminance,
was representative of an average cycle
or period of use, or alternative
luminance tests that should be
considered; and the default settings of a
TV and changes to the default settings
and special functions by consumers. Id.
at 81 FR 41277.
Following the publication of the June
2016 RFI, on January 19, 2017, DOE
posted a pre-publication advance notice
of proposed rulemaking (‘‘January 2017
pre-publication ANOPR’’),5 which
described potential amendments to the
TV test procedure that would address
the issues discussed in the June 2016
RFI as well as a number of other issues,
including the configuration of special
functions during testing, performing
system updates prior to testing, and
incorporating updated industry test
5 The January 2017 pre-publication ANOPR is
available at www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2017/
01/f34/tv_tp_anopr_2017-1-19_4.pdf.
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procedures.6 (January 2017 prepublication ANOPR at pp. 6–10) The
January 2017 pre-publication ANOPR
was intended to assist DOE in
determining whether amendments were
needed to ensure that the TV test
procedure produces results that are
representative of an average use cycle or
period of use. (Id. at p. 5) The January
2017 pre-publication ANOPR was also
intended to facilitate discussion, solicit
feedback, and provide input to industry
consensus standards-setting bodies
regarding modifications that DOE was
considering so that these other
organizations can be apprised of DOE’s
considerations as they undertook their
own revisions. (Id. at p. 6)
Subsequently, in October 2021, the
Consumer Technology Association
(‘‘CTA’’) published an update to its TV
power measurement standard,
‘‘Determination of Television Set Power
Consumption,’’ American National
Standards Institute (‘‘ANSI’’)/CTA–
2037–C (‘‘ANSI/CTA–2037–C’’).
Thereafter, DOE published a notice of
proposed rulemaking (‘‘NOPR’’) for the
TV test procedure on March 2, 2022
(‘‘March 2022 NOPR’’), addressing
comments in response to the June 2016
RFI and presenting DOE’s proposals to
amend its test procedure for TVs. 87 FR
11892. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
tentatively determined that ANSI/CTA–
2037–C addressed many of the concerns
DOE raised in the June 2016 RFI relating
to configuration of special functions and
screen luminance. Id. at 87 FR 11895.
DOE initially determined that ANSI/
CTA–2037–C was consistent with the
existing metrics and approach
incorporated in the currently applicable
TV test procedure at appendix H, while
also incorporating provisions that
addressed current industry trends and
improved the accuracy and repeatability
of the test procedure. Id. DOE
additionally noted that ANSI/CTA–
2037–C adopted several changes that
were suggested in public comments
submitted by interested parties in
response to DOE’s June 2016 RFI. Id.
These changes related to network
configuration, standby mode test, test
clips, etc. DOE participated in the CTA
standards development process,
including providing input and
participating in round robin testing to
evaluate the CTA standard while under
development. A test report detailing the
results of the round robin testing is
available at the ENERGY STAR
website 7 (‘‘round robin test report’’).8
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
additionally noted that the CTA–2037
working group (‘‘CTA working group’’)
was reviewing ANSI/CTA–2037–C at
that time to determine if any revisions
were necessary. Id. at 87 FR 11897. DOE
stated that should a revised version,
ANSI/CTA–2037–D, publish prior to the
publication of a final DOE TV test
procedure rule, DOE would consider
stakeholder feedback and incorporate by
reference ANSI/CTA–2037–D in the
final rule, provided that the updates in
ANSI/CTA–2037–D are consistent with
the provisions DOE proposed in the
March 2022 NOPR or the updates are
related to topics that DOE discussed and
solicited comments on in the March
2022 NOPR. Id. Since publication of the
March 2022 NOPR, CTA published an
additional update to its TV power
measurement standard, ANSI/CTA–
2037–D, which is substantively the
same as ANSI/CTA–2037–C but has
some subtle differences, which are
discussed throughout section III of this
document. DOE has determined that
ANSI/CTA–2037–D is an appropriate
standard to reference to measure TV
screen luminance and power
consumption and incorporates ANSI/
CTA–2037–D by reference in this final
rule.
DOE held a public meeting related to
the March 2022 NOPR on April 6, 2022
(hereafter, the ‘‘NOPR public meeting’’).
DOE received comments in response
to the March 2022 NOPR from the
interested parties listed in Table I.1.
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TABLE I.1—LIST OF COMMENTERS WITH WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS IN RESPONSE TO THE MARCH 2022 NOPR
Comment
number in the
docket
Commenter(s)
Reference in this final rule
Commenter type
Appliance Standards Awareness Project, American Council
for an Energy-Efficient Economy (‘‘ACEEE’’), and the New
York State Energy Research and Development Authority.
ComEd and Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance ...................
ASAP et al ..............................
18
Efficiency Advocacy Organizations.
ComEd and NEEA ..................
20.
Pacific Gas and Electric Company, San Diego Gas & Electric,
and Southern California Edison; collectively, the California
Investor-Owned Utilities.
CTA, American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, and
the Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.
CA IOUs ..................................
19
Utility and Efficiency Advocacy
Organization.
Utilities.
CTA et al .................................
21
Trade Organization and Efficiency Advocacy Organizations.
A parenthetical reference at the end of
a comment quotation or paraphrase
provides the location of the item in the
public record.9 To the extent that
interested parties have provided written
comments that are substantively
consistent with any oral comments
provided during the NOPR public
meeting, DOE cites the written
comments throughout this final rule.
Any oral comments provided during the
webinar that are not substantively
addressed by written comments are
summarized and cited separately
throughout this final rule.
II. Synopsis of the Final Rule
6 The January 2017 pre-publication ANOPR was
not subsequently published in the Federal Register
due to the Regulatory Freeze Pending Review
published on January 24, 2017. 82 FR 8346.
7 ENERGY STAR V. 9.0, which went into effect
in October 2022, was under development at the
time of publication of the round robin test report.
DOE supported EPA to revise the ENERGY STAR
test method for TVs and conducted round robin
testing to support this effort.
8 Televisions Test Report, April 12, 2021.
Available at www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/
asset/document/ENERGY%20STAR%20TVs%20
Test%20Report%20-%20April%202021.pdf.
9 The parenthetical reference provides a reference
for information located in the docket of DOE’s
rulemaking for TVs. (Docket No. EERE–2016–BT–
TP–0023, which is maintained at
www.regulations.gov.) The references are arranged
as follows: (commenter name, comment docket ID
number, page of that document).
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In this final rule, DOE incorporates by
reference into 10 CFR 430.3 the updated
industry standard, ANSI/CTA–2037–D,
and adopts through reference in
appendix H certain provisions of the
industry standard that:
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• Establish definitions and symbols
associated with the updates to the
industry standard including those
applicable to the new test equipment,
TV settings, and video content (e.g.,
high dynamic range (‘‘HDR’’), dynamic
luminance, motion detection dimming
(‘‘MDD’’));
• Update the specifications required
for the power supply, power meter, and
illuminance meter, including additional
requirements to reduce the voltage and
frequency fluctuations in the power
supply specifically for on mode testing
and requiring the calibration of the
illuminance meter to a light-emitting
diode (‘‘LED’’) illuminant;
• Specify the use of a camera
photometer for the measurement of
dynamic luminance during all on mode
testing instead of the usage of a
luminance meter only capable of
instantaneous luminance
measurements;
• Update the method for test video
storage to a universal serial bus (‘‘USB’’)
device rather than a Blu-ray Disc played
through a media player that does not
conduct any video processing;
• Specify the automatic brightness
control (‘‘ABC’’) light source to be an
LED lamp rather than an incandescent
lamp. Additionally, specify that the
ABC light source be positioned at an
angle of 45 degrees (‘‘°’’) from the ABC
sensor. The illuminance meter is also
required to be angled at 45° pointed
directly at the ABC light source;
• Specify detailed unit under test
(‘‘UUT’’) installation and placement
requirements, including the setup of test
equipment relative to the UUT and
options for placing the TV on the wall
or floor, rather than a TV stand or table;
• Specify the TV to be updated to the
latest firmware version and include
configuration requirements for special
functions such as MDD and quick start;
• Introduce on mode testing for TVs
with HDR-enabled, and 4K resolution
testing;
• Require all on mode and standby
mode testing to be conducted with the
TV connected to a wide area network
(‘‘WAN’’) and additionally connected to
three types of devices, over local area
network (‘‘LAN’’), capable for waking
the TV: a ‘‘smart’’ speaker, mobile
device, and network traffic monitor;
• Include new test clips for the high
dynamic range-10 (‘‘HDR10’’) format;
• Require on mode testing in three
different preset picture settings:
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standard dynamic range (‘‘SDR’’)
default, SDR brightest, and HDR10
default, rather than a single test in the
default preset picture setting;
• Update the ambient light
requirements for ABC-enabled testing to
140 lux, 50 lux, 17 lux, and 4 lux, each
with a ± 5-percent tolerance;
• Specify a single standby mode test
during which the TV is connected to a
WAN and additionally connected to the
three types of network devices
connected via LAN. The standby test
period depends on the stability of the
average power consumption of the TV
during the last third of the measurement
period; and
• Specify the calculation of the AEC
metric as a weighted average of the
power consumption in on mode and
standby mode, wherein on mode power
consumption is the average of the on
mode power in the SDR default, SDR
brightest, and HDR10 default preset
picture settings.
The adopted amendments are
summarized in Table II.1 compared to
the test procedure provision prior to the
amendment, as well as the reason for
the adopted change.
TABLE II.1—SUMMARY OF CHANGES IN THE AMENDED TEST PROCEDURE
DOE’s test procedure prior to amendment
Amended test procedure
Defines terms applicable to the test procedure.
Requires power supply and power meter to meet
specifications incorporated from IEC 62087:2011.
Requires a luminance meter for luminance testing of
TVs.
Requires illuminance meter to be accurate for ambient light measurements.
Requires the playback of specified media from a
Blue-ray player via a Blu-ray Disc.
Requires the ABC light source to be an incandescent
bulb for ABC testing.
Requires the light source to be directed at the center
of the ABC sensor from 1.5 meters (‘‘m’’) away
aligned directly with the center of the sensor.
Requires the TV to be placed at least 0.5 m away
from any wall surface and set up according to manufacturer’s instructions.
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Requires the ambient light to be measured by the illuminance meter at the ABC sensor pointing in the
direction of the light source.
Requires TVs to be tested in the default state for all
special functions, unless a forced menu is displayed requiring the configuration of special functions, in which case the most power consumption
option is selected.
Does not conduct any testing for HDR preset picture
settings.
Does not require TVs to update their system firmware
prior to testing.
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Attribution
References certain definitions from ANSI/CTA–2037–
D.
Updates reference to ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which specifies the
use of a camera photometer.
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which requires the illuminance meter to be calibrated to an LED illuminant.
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which utilizes a
media player and USB storage device to play the
specified media.
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which uses an LED
light source for ABC testing.
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which directs the
ABC light source at the ABC sensor at an angle of
45°.
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which specifies that
the TV must be placed on a table, floor, or wall
with a black cloth and reflective card be placed underneath the ABC sensor.
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which requires the illuminance meter to be positioned at the ABC sensor on a stand that allows it to point directly at the
45° light source.
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which disables
MDD, and conditionally enables ‘‘quick start.’’
When a forced menu is displayed, the most energy
consumptive option is selected, with some exceptions.
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which conducts testing in SDR default, SDR brightest, and HDR10 default preset picture settings.
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which requires the
UUT use the latest firmware update and conduct a
factory reset.
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Update to industry standard.
Update to industry standard.
Update to industry standard.
Update to industry standard. Improve representativeness of results.
Update to industry standard. Improve representativeness of results.
Update to industry standard. Improve representativeness of results.
Update to industry standard. Improve representativeness of results.
Update to industry standard.
Update to industry standard. Improve representativeness of results.
Update to industry standard.
Update to industry standard. Improve representativeness of results.
Update to industry standard.
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TABLE II.1—SUMMARY OF CHANGES IN THE AMENDED TEST PROCEDURE—Continued
DOE’s test procedure prior to amendment
Requires the TV to be connected to a LAN with no
other devices other than the TV.
Requires the stabilization of the TV by directing the
light source with at least 300 lx into the ABC sensor.
Specifies the use of the IEC test clip (in the highest
resolution (SD or HD) supported by the TV) played
via a Blu-ray Disc as specified in IEC 62087:2011.
Requires the on mode test to be conducted at ambient light levels of 100, 35, 12, and 3 lux if the TV
has ABC enabled by default.
Measures power consumption and luminance separately.
Requires a luminance test to determine the brightest
preset picture setting using the luminance meter
and the IEC three-bar image.
Specifies standby-passive mode, standby-active
mode, low mode, and off mode tests.
Requires the AEC to be calculated using on mode
power, standby-active low power, standby-passive
power, and off mode power.
DOE has determined that the
amendments described in section III and
adopted in this document will alter the
measured efficiency of TVs and require
retesting and recertification of TV basic
models. The amended test procedure is
substantively the same procedure
established by industry, with certain
modifications. Discussion of DOE’s
actions are addressed in detail in
section III of this document.
The effective date for the amended
test procedure adopted in this final rule
is 30 days after publication of this
document in the Federal Register.
Representations of energy use or energy
efficiency must be based on testing in
accordance with the amended test
procedure beginning 180 days after the
publication of this final rule.
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III. Discussion
A. General Comments
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
requested comment on several topics
including its proposal to adopt
substantive provisions of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C as well as the updates being
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Amended test procedure
Attribution
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which requires the
UUT be connected to a WAN and additionally be
connected to a smart speaker, mobile device, and
a network traffic monitor over LAN. These network
conditions are required for all on mode and standby mode testing.
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which requires the
TV to be stabilized by playing 5 minutes of the IEC
test clip and comparing the average power between two successive runs.
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which retains the
IEC test clip (in SD and HD resolution) but specifies that it must be played via a USB flash drive.
Additionally, specifies a new 5-minute HDR10 test
clip (in HD and UHD resolution).
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which conducts ABC
testing for preset picture settings with ABC enabled
by default at ambient light levels of 140, 50, 17,
and 4 lux.
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which measures
power consumption as well as dynamic luminance
of the TV during the same test.
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which determines
the SDR brightest preset picture setting by playing
the 5-minute IEC test clip in each preset picture
setting (with ABC disabled) and determining the
brightest based on the dynamic luminance during
the 5-minute test period.
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which conducts a
single standby mode test during which the UUT is
connected to WAN and additionally connected to
three network devices on LAN and the average
power consumption is measured for a variable duration, depending on the stability of the power consumption, over a period of 40 to 240 minutes. Additionally, eliminates the off mode test.
References ANSI/CTA–2037–D for AEC calculation
which requires the AEC to be calculated using the
on mode power as the average power of SDR default, SDR brightest, and HDR10 default preset picture settings, as well as the standby mode power
consumption.
Update to industry standard. Improve representativeness of results.
considered in ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
While topic-specific comments are
addressed in the relevant sections, the
following paragraphs summarize the
general comments received in response
to the March 2022 NOPR.
ASAP et al. supported DOE’s
approach for revising the TV test
procedure, stating that TV technology
has rapidly evolved since the October
2013 final rule. ASAP et al. stated that
the revisions presented in the March
2022 NOPR largely address the concerns
associated with advances in TV
technology. (ASAP et al., No. 18 at pp.
1–2)
CTA et al. supported the proposed
test procedure, including the proposal
to incorporate by reference ANSI/CTA–
2037–D. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 3;
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at pp.
5–7) In the NOPR public meeting,
ACEEE supported DOE’s proposed test
method and recommended that DOE
adopt ANSI/CTA–2037–D once it is
published. (Public Meeting Transcript,
No. 16 at pp. 7–8)
As discussed in later sections of this
document, DOE is referencing ANSI/
CTA–2037–D in the amended appendix
H to measure TV power consumption
and screen luminance. Throughout
appendix H, DOE has streamlined any
references to ANSI/CTA–2037–D to the
extent possible.
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Updates to industry standard.
Updates to industry standard.
Update to industry standard.
Update to industry standard.
Update to industry standard.
Update to industry standard. Improve representativeness of results.
Update to industry standard. Improve representativeness of results.
B. Scope of Applicability
This rulemaking applies to TVs,
which are products designed to produce
dynamic video, contain an internal TV
tuner encased within the product
housing, and that are capable of
receiving dynamic visual content from
wired or wireless sources including but
not limited to broadcast signals, displayspecific data connections, media storage
devices, and/or network connections. 10
CFR 430.2. Section 1, Scope, of
appendix H specifies that DOE’s test
procedure is applicable to TVs that (1)
have a diagonal screen size of at least
fifteen inches; and (2) are powered by
mains power (including TVs with
auxiliary batteries but not TVs with
main batteries). In the March 2022
NOPR, DOE did not propose to amend
the scope of the current TV test
procedure. 87 FR 11892, 11896.
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DOE did not receive any comments
regarding the scope of the TV test
procedure. DOE is maintaining the
scope of the current TV test procedure
in the amended appendix H.
C. Updates to Industry Standards
Appendix H references IEC
62087:2011 and IEC 62301, Edition 2.0,
2011–04, ‘‘Household electrical
appliances—Measurement of standby
power’’ (‘‘IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0’’) for certain
requirements, while the remaining
requirements are specified in appendix
H itself.
The IEC and CTA are two industry
standards development bodies that have
published standards for testing the
power consumption of TVs (e.g., IEC
62087 and CTA 2037, respectively).
Since publication of the October 2013
final rule, both IEC 62087 and CTA 2037
have been updated more than once to
keep pace with evolving TV
technologies. At the time of the March
2022 NOPR, the most recent update was
the publication of ANSI/CTA–2037–C in
October 2021, and ANSI/CTA–2307–D
was in development. Since publication
of the March 2022 NOPR, the final
version of ANSI/CTA–2037–D was
published in September 2022.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
proposed to incorporate by reference
ANSI/CTA–2037–C into 10 CFR 430.3 to
reference the relevant sections of this
industry standard in the DOE test
procedure at appendix H. 87 FR 11892,
11897. Since publication of the October
2013 final rule, TV technology has
evolved significantly. ANSI/CTA–2037–
C addressed many of the technologies
(e.g., ultra-high definition (‘‘UHD’’) or
‘‘4K’’ resolution, HDR, etc.) not
previously considered in the
development of the current DOE test
procedure and also specified
configuration and setup requirements to
improve the representativeness with
respect to the current DOE test
procedure at appendix H.
While standard definition (‘‘SD’’) and
high definition (‘‘HD’’) were the
predominant TV display resolutions at
the time of the October 2013 final rule,
UHD resolution TVs have gained
prominence and 8K resolution TVs are
emerging. Additionally, HDR content is
more prevalent, and a majority of TVs
are ‘‘smart’’ TVs (i.e., they can be
connected to a network connection).
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
proposed to adopt by reference the
substantive provisions of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C, with some modifications to
specify additional detail and test
conditions in order to improve the
representativeness of the test results. Id.
at 87 FR 11897. In the March 2022
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NOPR, DOE initially determined that
the measurement of screen luminance
and power consumption as specified in
ANSI/CTA 2037–C would provide a
measured result that is more
representative of the average period of
TV use compared to the current DOE
test procedure. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also
stated that it was aware that the CTA
working group was reviewing ANSI/
CTA–2037–C to determine if any
revisions were necessary. DOE
understood that should the working
group make any changes to ANSI/CTA–
2037–C, CTA would publish a revised
standard, potentially numbered as
ANSI/CTA–2037–D. Id. DOE
participated in the working group
meetings to review and revise ANSI/
CTA–2037–C. While the March 2022
NOPR proposed to reference the
requirements from ANSI/CTA–2037–C,
it also discussed the revisions being
considered under ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
requested comment on these revisions
as well as any additional revisions
under consideration in ANSI/CTA–
2037–D that were not discussed in the
March 2022 NOPR. Id. In the March
2022 NOPR, DOE stated that, should
ANSI/CTA–2037–D publish prior to the
publication of any DOE TV test
procedure final rule, DOE would
consider stakeholder feedback and
consider incorporating by reference
ANSI/CTA–2037–D, provided the
updates in ANSI/CTA–2037–D are
consistent with the provisions DOE
proposed in the March 2022 NOPR or
the updates are related to topics that
DOE discussed and solicited comments
on in the March 2022 NOPR. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
requested comment on its proposal to
adopt the substantive provisions of
ANSI/CTA–2037–C in appendix H with
certain modifications. Id. In response,
DOE received the following comments.
CTA et al. recommended that DOE
incorporate by reference ANSI/CTA–
2037–D for the final rule, rather than
ANSI/CTA–2037–C, stating that ANSI/
CTA–2037–D is more accurate and
representative. (CTA et al., No. 21, at p.
5)
ComEd and NEEA supported the
adoption of the finalized version of
ANSI/CTA–2037–D. ComEd and NEEA
also stated that ANSI/CTA–2037–D is an
improvement over the current Federal
test method. (ComEd and NEEA, No. 20
at p. 2) ComEd and NEEA stated that
adopting ANSI/CTA–2037–D would
enable harmonization of test methods
globally. (ComEd and NEEA, No. 20 at
p. 2)
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16087
DOE has reviewed ANSI/CTA–2037–
D and determined it to be materially the
same as the test procedure DOE
proposed in the March 2022 NOPR (i.e.,
ANSI/CTA–2037–C, including the
additional modifications DOE proposed
in the March 2022 NOPR), albeit with
some minor revisions that further
improve reproducibility and
representativeness. Accordingly, in this
final rule, DOE is incorporating by
reference ANSI/CTA–2037–D in 10 CFR
430.3 for reference in the amended
appendix H. DOE has determined that
ANSI/CTA–2037–D produces measures
of energy consumption that are
representative of current TV use and
would not be unduly burdensome to
conduct.
The subsequent sections of this
document discuss DOE’s final
amendments to appendix H to
incorporate by reference ANSI/CTA–
2037–D as the Federal test method.
D. Definitions
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted
that the definitions currently specified
in appendix H are either provided
directly or through adoption of certain
definitions provided in IEC 62087:2011.
Many of these terms are also defined in
ANSI/CTA–2037–C. 87 FR 11892,
11898. Additionally, certain terms are
defined in ANSI/CTA–2037–C but are
not currently defined in appendix H. Id.
at 87 FR 11897. In the March 2022
NOPR, DOE identified the terms that are
currently used in appendix H and
ANSI/CTA–2037–C, the similarities and
differences in their respective
definitions, and whether DOE proposed
to adopt each definition through
reference to ANSI/CTA–2037–C. Id. at
87 FR 11897–11899.
DOE additionally noted that while
some of the defined terms in ANSI/
CTA–2037–C have minor differences
compared to the current definitions in
appendix H, DOE had initially
determined that these differences were
not substantive and would not change
the meaning of the defined terms or
impact testing according to the
proposed test procedure compared to
the current test procedure. Id. at 87 FR
11899. Accordingly, to harmonize with
the current industry standard, DOE
proposed in the March 2022 NOPR to
reference section 5.1 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C for the definitions of the terms
used in the TV test procedure. Id. DOE
also proposed to reference section 5.2 of
ANSI/CTA–2037–C to include the
relevant abbreviations that are used in
the TV test procedure. Id. Further, for
the terms that are currently defined in
appendix H, but a definition does not
exist in ANSI/CTA–2037–C (e.g.,
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additional functions, auxiliary battery,
retail configuration, special functions,
standby-active, high mode, and standbyactive, low mode), DOE proposed to
remove these terms from appendix H
because they are not referenced in
ANSI/CTA–2037–C nor are they used
anywhere in the proposed test
procedure. Id.
DOE also noted that the CTA working
group was considering revising
definitions for power modes (i.e., on
mode, partial on mode, etc.) in ANSI/
CTA–2037–D. Id. In particular, the CTA
working group was considering
updating all references to standby mode
as partial on mode. In the March 2022
NOPR, DOE noted that even if the CTA
working group considered using the
term ‘‘partial on mode,’’ DOE would
refer to this mode as ‘‘standby mode.’’
Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
requested comment on defining terms
through reference to ANSI/CTA–2037–C
and also whether DOE should consider
the revisions to the power mode
definitions being considered at the time
for ANSI/CTA–2037–D. Id.
CTA et al. stated that the definitions
proposed in appendix H excluded some
definitions that are included in ANSI/
CTA–2037–D, including ‘‘television set’’
and ‘‘standby,’’ which are already
defined in 10 CFR 430.2, and
recommended that DOE adopt these
definitions from ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
(CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 11)
As noted in the March 2022 NOPR,
DOE did not reference definitions for
‘‘HDMI,’’ ‘‘television set,’’ and ‘‘standby
mode’’ from ANSI/CTA–2037–C since
these terms are already defined in 10
CFR 430.2. In this final rule, DOE is
maintaining its exclusion of referencing
these definitions in appendix H.
Additionally, DOE had not proposed to
include definitions for ‘‘stand,’’
‘‘International System of Units,’’
‘‘filmmaker mode,’’ and ‘‘perceptual
quantization video.’’ However, DOE is
including these definitions by reference
to ANSI/CTA–2037–D because these
definitions are required to understand
and implement the test procedure.
Regarding the revised definitions for
power modes that were under
consideration at the time of publication
of the March 2022 NOPR, ANSI/CTA–
2037–D does not include definitions for
power mode, off mode, standby-passive
mode, and standby-active mode.
Additionally, partial on mode is now
referred to as standby mode in ANSI/
CTA–2037–D. However, as mentioned
previously, DOE already defines
standby mode in 10 CFR 430.2 and is
not referencing ANSI/CTA–2037–D for
the definition of standby mode in this
final rule.
Table III.1 identifies the terms that are
specified in appendix H and ANSI/
CTA–2037–D, the similarities and
differences in their respective
definitions, and whether DOE is
adopting each definition through
reference to ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
TABLE III.1—TERMS CURRENTLY USED IN APPENDIX H AND ANSI/CTA–2037–D AND THE SIMILARITIES OR DIFFERENCES
BETWEEN DEFINITIONS
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Terms currently in appendix H
Terms currently in ANSI/CTA–
2037–D
Similarities/differences between definitions in ANSI/CTA–2037–D and
existing appendix H
Brightest selectable preset picture
setting.
Brightest selectable preset picture
setting.
Default picture setting ......................
Default picture setting ....................
Forced menu ....................................
Home configuration ..........................
Illuminance .......................................
Luminance ........................................
Main battery ......................................
Off mode ...........................................
Forced menu ..................................
Home configuration ........................
Illuminance .....................................
Luminance ......................................
Main battery ....................................
Off mode .........................................
On mode ...........................................
Preset picture setting .......................
On mode .........................................
Preset picture setting .....................
Standby-passive mode .....................
Standby mode ................................
Additional functions ..........................
Auxiliary Battery ...............................
Retail configuration ...........................
Special functions ..............................
.........................................................
.........................................................
Retail configuration .........................
.........................................................
Standby-active, high mode ...............
.........................................................
Standby-active, low mode ................
.........................................................
(not defined) .....................................
AEC ................................................
(not defined) .....................................
(not defined) .....................................
Automatic brightness control ..........
Dynamic Luminance .......................
(not defined) .....................................
Energy-Efficient-Ethernet ...............
(not defined) .....................................
Filmmaker Mode .............................
(not defined) .....................................
Gloss Unit (GU) ..............................
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Appendix H refers to the brightest picture setting within either the
home or retail configuration, whereas ANSI/CTA–2037–D refers to
the brightest preset picture setting only within the home configuration. ANSI/CTA–2037–D additionally specifies that this is a user-selectable preset picture setting.
ANSI/CTA–2037–D specifies that this picture setting is determined
using only the home configuration. Appendix H indicates the default
picture setting may be decided after a forced menu, which ANSI/
CTA–2037–D does not mention.
Substantively the same definitions ..........................................................
Substantively the same definitions ..........................................................
Substantively the same definitions ..........................................................
Substantively the same definitions ..........................................................
Substantively the same definitions ..........................................................
ANSI/CTA–2037–D provides a note that describes how some power
may still be consumed when the UUT is in off mode. Appendix H
does not include such a note.
Similar definitions ....................................................................................
ANSI/CTA–2037–D provides a simplified definition for preset picture
setting compared to appendix H.
ANSI/CTA–2037–D defines only the broader term standby mode.
Standby mode is already defined in 10 CFR 430.2; therefore, it does
not need to be defined in appendix H.
No.t listed in the definitions section of ANSI/CTA–2037–D ....................
No.t listed in the definitions section of ANSI/CTA–2037–D ....................
Similar definitions ....................................................................................
No.t listed in the definitions section of ANSI/CTA–2037–D. The term
special functions is not used anywhere in ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
No.t listed in the definition section of ANSI/CTA–2037–D. The term
standby-active, high mode is not used anywhere in ANSI/CTA–
2037–D.
No.t listed in the definition section of ANSI/CTA–2037–D. The term
standby-active, low mode is not used anywhere in ANSI/CTA–2037–
D.
This term defines the energy metric that is the output of the test procedure.
This term is used throughout ANSI/CTA–2037–D ..................................
This term defines the TV screen’s luminance as measured during the
playback of dynamic video content.
This term is used in the Network connection hierarchy in both ANSI/
CTA–2037–D and appendix H.
This term defines a preset picture setting that has a specific configuration.
This term defines a unit used to measure the reflectance of a surface
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Adopt by reference to ANSI/
CTA–2037–D
for appendix H?
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
No.
No.
No.
Yes.
No.
No.
No.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
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TABLE III.1—TERMS CURRENTLY USED IN APPENDIX H AND ANSI/CTA–2037–D AND THE SIMILARITIES OR DIFFERENCES
BETWEEN DEFINITIONS—Continued
Terms currently in appendix H
Terms currently in ANSI/CTA–
2037–D
Similarities/differences between definitions in ANSI/CTA–2037–D and
existing appendix H
(not defined) .....................................
HDR10 ............................................
(not defined) .....................................
(not defined) .....................................
High-definition multimedia interface
(‘‘HDMI®’’).
High Dynamic Range (‘‘HDR’’) .......
(not defined) .....................................
Hybrid Log Gamma (‘‘HLG’’) ..........
(not defined) .....................................
(not defined) .....................................
(not defined) .....................................
International System of Units .........
Motion-Based Dynamic Dimming
(‘‘MDD’’).
Neutral density (‘‘ND’’) filter ...........
(not defined) .....................................
(not defined) .....................................
(not defined) .....................................
Partial on mode ..............................
Perceptual Quantization Video .......
Quick start ......................................
(not defined) .....................................
Snoot ..............................................
(not defined) .....................................
(not defined) .....................................
(not defined) .....................................
Software .........................................
Stand ..............................................
Television set .................................
(not defined) .....................................
Wake-By-Remote-Control-App .......
(not defined) .....................................
Wake-By-Smart-Speaker ................
(not defined) .....................................
Wake-On-Cast ................................
This term defines a specific video display format that is used to test
the UUTs power consumption.
This term defines a video input terminal for TVs. It is defined at 10
CFR 430.2; therefore, it does not need to be defined in appendix H.
This term more broadly defines the video format category that HDR10
belongs to.
This term defines a type of HDR video and is used when describing
the test signals used during testing.
This is defined as ‘‘The modern form of the metric system’’ ..................
This term defines a television feature that adjusts luminance in response to motion being displayed and is disabled during TV testing.
This term is used to define the filter that is used to accomplish the 3
lux luminance requirement for on mode testing.
This term defines the standby sub-modes ..............................................
This term defines a specific video utilized by HDR ................................
This term defines quick start functionality, which is a special function
that impacts the time it takes for a TV to transition to on mode from
partial on mode.
This term defines an object used to prevent the ABC lamp light from
reflecting off the UUT and interfering with the dynamic luminance
data collection. It is not a required tool but may be needed for testing in specific instances.
This term defines code that runs on a UUT and can be updated ..........
This term defines the device used to hold the UUT upright ...................
This term is defined at 10 CFR 430.2; therefore, it does not need to
be defined in appendix H.
This term defines the ability to wake a UUT using a network-connected device and is used during standby mode testing.
This term defines the ability to wake a UUT using a voice command
via smart speaker and is used during standby mode testing.
This term defines the ability to wake a UUT by streaming a video from
a mobile device to the UUT and is used during standby mode testing.
In summary, in this final rule, DOE is
referencing section 5 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–D for the definitions and
abbreviations required for the TV test
procedure, except for those terms which
are already defined in 10 CFR 430.2.
E. Test Equipment
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1. Power Supply
Sections 3.1 and 3.2 of appendix H
reference section 4.3.1 of IEC 62301 Ed.
2.0 for the voltage and frequency and
power supply requirements for testing
TVs. The requirements specify that the
voltage and frequency for each region
within North America must have a
voltage of 115 volts (‘‘V’’) and frequency
of 60 hertz (‘‘Hz’’). IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0
additionally includes requirements for
other regions around the world.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted
that section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C
specifies only the North Americanspecific requirements; however, these
requirements are specified under the
standby mode power supply
requirements rather than on mode. 87
FR 11892, 11900. As discussed in the
March 2022 NOPR, the CTA working
group was considering moving these
requirements under the power supply
requirements for on mode in ANSI/
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CTA–2037–D. Id. DOE additionally
noted that it expects that the same
power supply is used to test on mode
and standby mode power consumption
and the specific location of where the
requirement is specified would not alter
the power supply that is used to test a
TV. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
additionally stated that given DOE’s test
procedure is applicable to only those
TVs that are a type which, to any
significant extent, are distributed in
commerce in the United States for
personal use or consumption by
individuals (42 U.S.C. 6291(1); 42
U.S.C. 6292(a)(12); 42 U.S.C.), the North
American-specific requirements
specified in ANSI/CTA–2037–C are
sufficient for the DOE test procedure. In
the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to
reference section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C for the alternating current
(‘‘AC’’) power supply specification. Id.
Section 3.2 of appendix H
additionally specifies that the total
harmonic distortion of the supply
voltage must not exceed 5 percent,
inclusive to the 13th order harmonic,
when the unit is under test. In the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that
section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C
specifies that the total harmonic
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Adopt by reference to ANSI/
CTA–2037–D
for appendix H?
Yes.
No.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
No.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
distortion must not exceed 2 percent up
to and including the 13th harmonic and
noted that this specification is more
stringent than appendix H. Based on its
internal testing and general agreement
from manufacturers during the ANSI/
CTA–2037–C development working
group meetings, DOE had initially
determined that most power supplies
are capable of meeting this requirement.
Id. Accordingly, in the March 2022
NOPR, DOE proposed to reference the
power supply requirements from ANSI/
CTA–2037–C. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also
noted that the introductory text in
Section 9 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C states
that power shall be provided to the ABC
lamp, camera photometer, and UUT
from the specified AC power source. Id.
However, DOE stated that using the
same AC power source to power the
UUT as well as the ABC lamp and
camera photometer could
unintentionally impact the power
consumption measurement of the UUT
due to ‘‘noise’’ from the ABC light
source and fluctuations in power draw
caused by the camera photometer and
ABC light source. DOE also noted that
the CTA working group was considering
revising this requirement for ANSI/
CTA–2037–D to specify that only the
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UUT be powered using the power
source specified in section 7.1.1 of the
CTA–2037 standard, that the camera
photometer and ABC lamp must not be
powered by the same controlled power
source, and that the camera photometer
and ABC lamp may be powered by
mains power. Id. Accordingly, in the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to
specify that TVs must be tested with
only the UUT powered by the specified
AC power source and the camera
photometer and ABC lamp may be
powered using standard mains
electricity. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
requested comment on referencing
section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C for
the power supply requirements. DOE
also requested comment on referencing
the updated requirements that were
under consideration for ANSI/CTA–
2037–D, which would move the voltage
and frequency requirements for the
power supply from the standby mode to
the on mode section within section 7.1.1
of the CTA–2037 standard. Id.
DOE also requested comment on its
proposal to connect only the UUT to the
specified AC power source during
testing and to specify that the camera
photometer and ABC lamp may be
powered via mains power. DOE also
requested feedback on whether the
camera photometer and ABC lamp
should be connected to additional
specified AC power sources and the
burden versus benefit of such an
approach. Id. In response, DOE received
the following comments.
CTA et al. recommended DOE adopt
ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which includes
voltage and frequency requirements
specified for both the on mode power
supply and the standby mode power
supply. CTA et al. also stated that ANSI/
CTA–2037–D requires the TV to be
powered by the controlled power source
and the camera photometer and the ABC
lamp may be powered by mains power.
(CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 11)
As noted by CTA et al., the CTA
working group revised the power supply
requirements in ANSI/CTA–2037–D to
specify that only the UUT is powered
using the power source specified in
section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
Additionally, the published version of
ANSI/CTA–2037–D specifies that the
power supply supplying mains power to
the UUT shall be configured to deliver
sufficient power at 115 V and 60 Hz to
power the UUT. These requirements are
applicable to both on mode and standby
mode tests.
The power supply requirements
specified in section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–D are the same as those specified
in the March 2022 NOPR. For the
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reasons discussed in the preceding
paragraphs and the March 2022 NOPR,
DOE is amending the power supply
requirements in appendix H to reference
section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
2. Power Meter
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted
that the power meter requirements
specified in section 3.3 of appendix H
are the same as the requirements
specified in section 7.1.2 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C, which includes the
specification of a wattmeter as well as
the allowable uncertainty in
measurement. 87 FR 11892, 11900. DOE
stated that ANSI/CTA–2037–C
additionally specifies calibration
requirements for the power meter, the
current crest factor, and the lower
bound on the current range.
Accordingly, in the March 2022 NOPR,
DOE proposed to reference section 7.1.2
of ANSI/CTA–2037–C for the power
meter requirements because it includes
the requirements currently specified in
appendix H, and the additional
requirements specified would ensure
that the power meter remains within
bounds and calibrated to ensure the
results obtained are valid and
representative. Id.
DOE requested comment on its
proposal to reference the power meter
requirements from ANSI/CTA–2037–C.
Specifically, DOE requested feedback on
the potential burden, if any, to meet the
more stringent requirements specified in
ANSI/CTA–2037–C. Id.
CTA et al. commented that the power
meter requirements in section 7.1.2 of
ANSI/CTA–2037–D are appropriate, and
that DOE should adopt them. (CTA et
al., No. 21 at p. 11)
The power meter requirements in
ANSI/CTA–2037–D include a sampling
rate of the power meter. Specifically,
ANSI/CTA–2037–D requires the power
meter to have a sampling rate of at least
1 kilo hertz (‘‘kHz’’), and optionally
have a sampling rate of at least 10 kHz.
DOE’s experience with conducting TV
testing, as well as testing of other
consumer products, indicates that this
additional sampling requirement should
have no impact on the burden of
sourcing a power meter, as the
equipment previously used should
continue to meet the power meter
requirements in ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
Accordingly, for the reasons discussed
in the preceding paragraph and in the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE amends the
power meter requirements in appendix
H to reference section 7.1.2 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–D.
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3. Luminance Meter
Section 3.4 of appendix H specifies
the accuracy requirements for a
luminance meter, which is used to
measure screen luminance in the default
and brightest preset picture settings as
well as the default retail picture setting.
The current luminance measurement is
performed using the static, 3-bar blackand-white image from IEC 62087:2011.
This static black-and-white image does
not result in representative luminance
measurements because TVs are rarely
used to display static images (i.e., the
content played on TVs is almost always
dynamic, or in motion) and pure white
color is rarely displayed on a TV screen
(i.e., most scenes displayed on a TV
screen are a mix of various colors);
therefore, measuring luminance using
the black-and-white image is not
representative of typical consumer use.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
proposed to measure dynamic screen
luminance (i.e., luminance of the screen
when playing dynamic video content
such as the IEC test clip) as specified in
ANSI/CTA–2037–C to ensure that a
TV’s screen luminance is measured at
the same time as its power
consumption, which would provide
consumers a direct relationship for TV
brightness (i.e., luminance) as a function
of its power consumption. 87 FR 11892,
11900. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
initially determined that a dynamic
screen luminance measurement would
provide results that are more
representative of the real world in
comparison to the currently specified
static black-and-white image. Id.
DOE additionally noted in the March
2022 NOPR that a luminance meter
cannot measure dynamic screen
luminance; instead, ANSI/CTA–2037–C
specifies use of a camera photometer to
measure the dynamic luminance of the
TV screen during each on mode test. Id.
DOE explained that the camera
photometer captures the light from the
TV screen while displaying video
content, and the average of the light
entering the camera photometer’s sensor
in each frame is translated into the
average luminance of the TV screen. In
conjunction with the proposal to
measure dynamic screen luminance, in
the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to
remove the existing luminance meter
requirements specified in section 3.4 of
appendix H and instead reference
section 7.1.4 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C,
which specifies the requirements for the
camera photometer’s uncertainty,
resolution, sample area, and data rate.
Id. at 87 FR 11900–11901.
DOE additionally noted in the March
2022 NOPR that the CTA working group
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was considering specifying an
additional requirement in ANSI/CTA–
2037–D that the camera used for testing
should be calibrated against a traceable
light source that more closely matches
the spectral power density of LED/
OLED 10 TVs than does standard
illuminant A (e.g., D65, LED–RGB1). Id.
at 87 FR 11901. This requirement has
since been finalized in ANSI/CTA–
2037–D.
DOE requested comment on its
proposal to measure dynamic screen
luminance and to specify use of a
camera photometer to measure dynamic
screen luminance. In particular, DOE
requested comment on any concerns
with the burden associated with using a
camera photometer as specified by
ANSI/CTA–2037–C to measure screen
luminance. Id.
DOE also requested comment on the
additional calibration requirement that
was under consideration for ANSI/
CTA–2037–D and whether DOE should
include this requirement for its TV test
procedure. Id.
The CA IOUs recommended that DOE
establish criteria for obtaining
reproducible and repeatable results
using an off-the-shelf camera
photometer and manually capturing
measurements as opposed to using a
customized camera photometer paired
with a proprietary software tool. The CA
IOUs also recommended that DOE
develop specific guidelines regarding
the data capture process to ensure both
off-the-shelf and NEEA-supplied camera
photometers produce results that meet
DOE’s test tolerance requirements. (CA
IOUs, No. 19 at pp. 5–6)
ComEd and NEEA supported the
camera photometer requirements in
ANSI/CTA–2037–D and stated that the
requirements would ensure accurate
results while maximizing design
flexibility to encourage the development
of camera systems by multiple vendors.
(ComEd and NEEA, No. 20 at p. 3)
CTA et al. commented that DOE
should reference the requirement that
dynamic screen luminance be measured
as specified in section 11.1 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–D using a camera
photometer as specified in section 7.1.4
of ANSI/CTA–2037–D. (CTA et al., No.
21 at pp. 11–12)
DOE has reviewed the specifications
for the camera photometer in ANSI/
CTA–2037–D and determined that the
requirements provide sufficient level of
detail to ensure repeatable and
reproducible results, while still
allowing for flexibility in sourcing a
camera photometer that meets the
defined requirements.
10 Organic
light emitting diode.
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Additionally, in response to the CA
IOUs, DOE notes that ANSI/CTA–2037–
D updates the minimum resolution
requirement to be a minimum pixel
requirement, which allows more variety
in the camera photometers that are
capable of meeting the specified camera
photometer requirements. ANSI/CTA–
2037–D additionally includes a
clarification that the camera photometer
must be capable of capturing the entire
UUT screen, which was implicitly
understood to be the requirement in
ANSI/CTA–2037–C but was not
specifically stated.
For the reasons discussed in the
preceding paragraphs and in the March
2022 NOPR, DOE amends the camera
photometer requirements in appendix H
to reference section 7.1.4 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–D.
4. Illuminance Meter
Section 3.5 of appendix H specifies
accuracy requirements for the
illuminance meter, which is used to
measure the room illuminance levels at
the ABC sensor for tests that are
conducted with ABC functionality
enabled. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
stated that section 7.1.3 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C specifies the same accuracy
requirements for an illuminance meter
and additionally specifies calibration
requirements for the illuminance meter.
Additionally, DOE noted that ANSI/
CTA–2037–C specifies certain
requirements if the illuminance meter is
neither a spectroradiometer nor
calibrated against an illuminant
replicating the spectral emissions of
LEDs but that the CTA working group
was re-evaluating these requirements to
ease test burden by clarifying that only
specific requirements of the calibration
standard must be met. 87 FR 11892,
11901. As stated in the March 2022
NOPR, these requirements were for the
illuminance meter accuracy and relative
spectral response. The CTA working
group was also considering an
additional requirement which would
require the center of the cosine receptor
to be ≤ 40mm in depth. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
initially determined that the
illuminance meter requirements
specified in section 7.1.3 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C were appropriate because DOE
proposed that an LED lamp be used for
ABC testing rather than an incandescent
lamp as specified currently in appendix
H. Accordingly, in the March 2022
NOPR, DOE proposed to reference
section 7.1.3 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C for
the illuminance meter requirements. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
requested comment on its proposal to
reference the illuminance meter
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16091
requirements, including the calibration
requirements, from ANSI/CTA–2037–C.
DOE also requested comment on the
updated illuminance meter
requirements under consideration for
ANSI/CTA–2037–D, whether DOE
should consider referencing the updated
requirements when finalized, and the
reason(s) for doing so. Id.
CTA et al. commented that DOE
should reference the requirements for
the illuminance photometer described
in section 7.1.3 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
CTA et al. additionally commented that
DOE should adopt the updated
requirements for the illuminance
photometer described in section 7.1.3 of
ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which include a
maximum depth for the light reception
dome (i.e., integrating sphere) that
would help ensure that the sensor will
not be too far away from the TV’s ABC
sensor when illuminance measurements
are taken. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 12)
DOE notes that the finalized ANSI/
CTA–2037–D does not include the
cosine receptor depth requirement that
was under consideration by the CTA
working group. Additionally, it removes
the requirements that were specified for
illuminance meters that are neither a
spectroradiometer nor calibrated against
an illuminant replicating the spectral
emission of LEDs.
DOE has determined that these
changes to the illuminance meter
requirements from ANSI/CTA–2037–C
to CTA–2037–D improve clarity and
repeatability of test results, while not
increasing test burden. In this final rule,
DOE amends the illuminance meter
requirements in appendix H to reference
section 7.1.3 of CTA–2037–D.
5. Video Input Device
Section 3.6 of appendix H contains
video input device requirements that
specify the use of a Blu-ray player and
requires that the video input device
manufacturer be different from the
manufacturer of the UUT. In the March
2022 NOPR, DOE noted that ANSI/
CTA–2037–C specifies the use of a USB
flash drive 11 to play the IEC test clips.
Specifically, sections 7.1.5 through 7.1.7
of ANSI/CTA–2037–C specify the use of
a USB 3.0 flash drive that stores the test
clips for playback and a separate media
player that contains a USB port to send
media to the UUT via an HDMI cable.
ANSI/CTA–2037–C specifies that the
media player must have a video setting
that does not perform any video
processing (e.g., noise reduction,
upscaling, or adjustment of color, hue,
contrast, or brightness). ANSI/CTA–
11 ANSI/CTA–2037–C refers to a USB flash drive
as a ‘‘USB thumb drive’’ and a ‘‘USB stick.’’
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2037–C does not include the
requirement that the manufacturers for
the media player and UUT must be
different. 87 FR 87892, 87901.
ANSI/CTA–2037–C additionally
requires that all media must be stored
and played from a FAT32 or ExFAT 12formatted USB flash drive via the USB
port in the media player. ANSI/CTA–
2037–C requires that the test clips
stored on the USB flash drive are played
via a USB port on a media player
instead of the designated USB port on
a UUT. Id. In the March 2022 NOPR,
DOE proposed to reference the video
media player requirements from ANSI/
CTA–2037–C. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
requested comment on its proposal to
reference the media player and USB
flash drive requirements from ANSI/
CTA–2037–C. Id. DOE also requested
comment on whether DOE should
maintain the current requirement that
the media player and UUT must not be
from the same manufacturer. Id.
CTA et al. recommended DOE adopt
ANSI/CTA–2037–D and stated that
there is no need to require that the
media player and TV not be from the
same manufacturer, as the requirements
in ANSI/CTA–2037–D stipulate that the
media player have a video setting that
performs no video processing. CTA et
al. stated that because of these
requirements, the characteristics of the
video played during testing will be the
same regardless of who manufactured
the video player. (CTA et al., No. 21 at
p. 12)
DOE agrees that ANSI/CTA–2037–D
addresses the concern about the media
player and TV not being from the same
manufacturer by requiring that the
media player have a video setting that
performs no video processing. By
removing any video processing, there is
no concern about media players
interacting differently with TVs from
the same manufacturer. ANSI/CTA–
2037–D clarifies that the HDMI cable
must be a Certified Ultra High Speed
HDMI Cable instead of just HDMI 2.0 or
greater. As most HDMI 2.0 cables are
ultra-high speed, this clarification
explicitly specifies a requirement that
was previously implicit. The
clarification ensures that the HDMI
cable is capable of transferring signal at
the desired rate.
For the reasons discussed in the
preceding paragraph and in the March
2022 NOPR, DOE is finalizing its
proposal from the March 2022 NOPR to
12 FAT32 and ExFAT refer to file allocation
formatting systems for storage devices such as USB
flash drives. FAT32 means 32-bit version of FAT
file allocation table system. exFAT means
extensible file allocation table.
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remove the requirement that the UUT
and media player be from different
manufacturers and instead specifies that
the media player and USB flash drive
requirements in appendix H be as
specified in sections 7.1.5 through 7.1.7
of ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
6. Light Source for ABC Testing
For conducting tests for TVs with
ABC enabled by default, appendix H
requires the use of a lamp to alter the
amount of light that is directed to the
ABC sensor of the TV. Section 7.1.3.3 of
appendix H specifies that the ABC lamp
must be a standard spectrum, halogen
incandescent aluminized reflector lamp
and also includes specifications for the
lamp diameter, beam angle, and center
beam candlepower. Such a light source
is used in conjunction with a variable
transformer to control the brightness of
the lamp, which in turn controls the
illuminance at the ABC sensor. This
setup measures TV power consumption
at different room ambient conditions,
reflecting TV usage that is sometimes in
a bright room (e.g., during the day) and
other times in a dark room (e.g., at night
or with room lights turned off).
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated
that section 7.1.9 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C
specifies the ABC light source
requirements, namely that an LED
reflector lamp with dimmer switch must
be used to provide the specified room
illuminance levels. Section 7.1.9 of
ANSI/CTA–2037–C additionally
specifies the diameter, rated beam angle,
correlated color temperature, and color
rendering index of the lamp. Further, it
specifies a 1-percent allowable tolerance
in illuminance measurement and the
use of a neutral density (‘‘ND’’) filter to
reach illuminance levels less than 10
lux, which are consistent with the
current requirements in appendix H. 87
FR 11892, 11901–11902. In the March
2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference
section 7.1.9 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C for
the ABC light source requirements. Id.
at 87 FR 11902.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
requested comment on its proposal to
reference section 7.1.9 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C for the light source required for
conducting tests with ABC enabled. Id.
CTA et al. commented that DOE
should adopt the requirements in
section 7.1.9 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D that
describe the ABC light source. (CTA et
al., No. 21 at p. 13) ANSI/CTA–2037–D
specifies that the selected lamps must
be compatible only with leading-edge
dimmers (i.e., the lamp must not be a
retrofit) and additionally specifies that
the lamp shall be stabilized for 15
minutes immediately prior to
conducting measurements. While
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testing was already conducted according
to these requirements under ANSI/
CTA–2037–C, these clarifications were
included in ANSI/CTA–2037–D to
improve the clarity and repeatability of
the ABC lamp configuration.
From its experience conducting TVs
testing, DOE has determined that the
lamp specifications in ANSI/CTA–
2037–D are consistent with current
requirements in appendix H but are
updated to use a more representative
light source (i.e., LEDs). DOE has
conducted testing using such an LED
lamp and did not find any substantive
differences in the test conduct
compared to using an incandescent
lamp. DOE also agrees with the new
requirements specified in ANSI/CTA–
2037–D regarding a stabilization period
and requiring that the lamp must not be
retrofit because these requirements
improve the repeatability of the test
method. From its testing experience,
DOE has determined that the light
source specifications in ANSI/CTA–
2037–D are an improvement to
appendix H in representativeness and
do not significantly increase burden.
For the reasons discussed in the
preceding paragraph and in the March
2022 NOPR, DOE amends the light
source for ABC testing requirements in
appendix H to reference section 7.1.9 of
ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
F. Test Room Setup
1. Room Ambient Conditions
Sections 4.1 and 4.2 of appendix H
specify the ambient temperature and
relative humidity conditions of the test
room, respectively. The temperature
conditions reference section 11.4.1 of
IEC 62087:2011, which specifies a
requirement of 23 degrees Celsius (‘‘°C’’)
± 5 °C. Section 4.2 of appendix H
specifies that the ambient relative
humidity must be maintained between
10 percent and 80 percent.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated
that section 7.3 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C
specifies the same ambient test room
and relative humidity requirements as
those currently specified in appendix H.
87 FR 11892, 11902. In the March 2022
NOPR, DOE proposed to reference these
requirements from ANSI/CTA–2037–C.
Id.
DOE requested comment on whether
the specified ambient temperature and
humidity requirements are adequate or
whether the temperature and relative
humidity specifications should include
additional specification regarding the
precision and/or accuracy of the
instruments used to verify that the
required ambient conditions are
maintained. Id.
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CTA et al. stated that the
environmental conditions specified in
section 7.3 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D are
adequate and it is not necessary to
include additional specifications
regarding the precision or accuracy of
the instruments used to verify the
ambient conditions. CTA et al. stated
that the additional specifications might
make it considerably more difficult or
expensive to obtain the measurement
instruments without improving test
results to any significant degree. (CTA et
al., No. 21 at p. 13)
ANSI/CTA–2037–D specifies the
ambient relative humidity to be 45
percent ± 35 percent (non-condensing).
This requirement is effectively the same
as the requirement specified in ANSI/
CTA–2037–C, which specifies the
ambient relative humidity to be between
10 and 80 percent. ANSI/CTA–2037–D
also specifies the ambient temperature
to be 23°C ± 5°C, which is the same as
the requirement specified in ANSI/
CTA–2037–C and the current appendix
H.
Given the ambient relative humidity
and ambient temperature requirements
specified in ANSI/CTA–2037–D are
effectively the same as the requirements
specified in the current appendix H,
DOE amends the room ambient
conditions in appendix H to reference
section 7.3 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
2. Room Illuminance Level
Section 4.3 of appendix H specifies
that all luminance and on mode testing
must be performed in a room with an
illuminance level less than or equal to
1.0 lux measured at the UUT’s ABC
sensor while the TV is in off mode or
standby mode. In the March 2022
NOPR, DOE stated that section 7.4 of
ANSI/CTA–2037–C specifies the same
requirement but includes an additional
requirement regarding the positioning of
the illuminance meter used for this
measurement (i.e., the illuminance
meter must be positioned at the ABC
sensor in the same manner as it would
be positioned during luminance and
power measurement tests). 87 FR 11892,
11902. As this requirement is generally
the same between appendix H and
ANSI/CTA–2037–C, but with additional
specificity regarding meter placement,
which would further ensure
repeatability and reproducibility of the
test results, in the March 2022 NOPR,
DOE proposed to reference section 7.4
of ANSI/CTA–2037–C for the room
illuminance level. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
requested comment on its proposal to
reference section 7.4 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C for the room illuminance level
and requirement to position the
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illuminance meter in the same manner
as it would be positioned during
luminance and power measurement
tests. Id.
CTA et al. commented that DOE
should adopt the requirements in
section 7.4 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D,
which specify the room illuminance
level and the position of the
illuminance meter when the room
illuminance level is measured. (CTA et
al., No. 21 at p. 13)
The published ANSI/CTA–2037–D
specifies the same requirements for
room illuminance level as those
specified in ANSI/CTA–2037–C.
Because these requirements further
ensure repeatability and reproducibility
of the test results, DOE amends the
room illuminance level in appendix H
to reference section 7.4 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–D.
3. UUT Installation and Placement
Section 4.4 of appendix H specifies
that the UUT must be installed in
accordance with manufacturer’s
instructions. Additionally, section 4.5 of
appendix H includes requirements for
TV placement, which specifies that TVs
tested with ABC enabled must be placed
at least 0.5 meters away from any wall
surface and that all four corners of the
face of the TV must be placed
equidistant from a vertical reference
plane.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted
that many manufacturers provide
instructions for multiple installation
configurations for the TV, such as stand
mounted and wall mounted, and do not
specify a single method as a
recommended or preferred approach. 87
FR 11892, 11902.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated
that section 8 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C
specifies the installation and setup
requirements for the UUT as well as all
other test equipment relative to the
placement of the TV. Specifically,
sections 8.2. 8.2.2, and 8.2.3 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–C provide instructions on
installing a UUT for testing, including a
preference for installing a TV using a
stand mount if possible; if not, using a
wall mount; and if the UUT is neither
stand-mounted nor wall-mounted (e.g.,
permanently mounted in a wheeled
furniture stand), special case
installation instructions are specified in
which the UUT assembly (including
whatever support mechanisms or
furniture that are part of the UUT) are
positioned on a floor. Section 8.2.4 of
ANSI/CTA–2037–C specifies
requirements for positioning the ABC
sensor relative to the UUT for cases
where the UUT has an ABC sensor that
is not permanently mounted on the
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16093
display (e.g., in an external enclosure or
sound bar). Id.
Additionally, in the March 2022
NOPR, DOE noted that ANSI/CTA–
2037–C describes the requirements for
the placement of the LED lamp, camera
photometer, and illuminance meter
relative to the UUT. Section 8.1.1 of
ANSI/CTA–2037–C specifies placing the
LED lamp at a 45° angle, with a
tolerance of 2°, pointed at the ABC
sensor and also specifies requirements
to ensure that light is not reflected off
the TV screen. Id. In the March 2022
NOPR, DOE tentatively found that
positioning the lamp at an angle rather
than directly in front of the sensor
would be more representative of realworld conditions, as lighting is
generally not placed such that a lamp
shines directly towards the ABC sensor;
instead, any light reaching the sensor is
generally directed at the TV screen at an
angle, either from overhead lighting or
floor lamps. Id. Accordingly, in the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to
adapt the requirements specified in
ANSI/CTA–2037–C regarding lamp
setup. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also
stated that section 8.1.2 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C specifies that the illuminance
meter must be oriented at an angle of
45° to be aimed directly at the light
source, which is also oriented at 45°
relative to, and pointing towards, the
ABC sensor. ANSI/CTA–2037–C also
requires a firm stationary mount for the
illuminance meter to allow for
consistent measurement of the
illuminance. In the March 2022 NOPR,
DOE proposed to reference these
additional requirements for the
illuminance meter setup within revised
section 3 (Test Setup) of appendix H. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also
stated that section 8.2.5 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C specifies detailed instructions
for the placement and setup of the
camera photometer, which is used for
dynamic luminance measurement. The
placement of the camera photometer is
dependent on the size of the UUT. The
distance between the camera
photometer and the TV is proportional
to the width of the TV, and the height
of the camera photometer is always in
the center of the height of the TV. The
orientation is 0° with respect to the TV
screen, with a 5° tolerance. Section 8.2.5
of ANSI/CTA–2037–C also provides
instructions for how to prevent the
moire´ effect 13 by defocusing the camera
13 The moire
´ effect refers to a visual perception
that occurs when viewing the dots of the LEDs in
the UUT superimposed on the pixels captured from
the camera photometer. The overlapped patterns
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photometer appropriately. DOE has
conducted testing using this setup and
has found this setup provides for a
measurement of screen luminance in a
repeatable manner. In the March 2022
NOPR, DOE proposed to reference the
ANSI/CTA–2037–C requirements for the
placement and setup of the camera
photometer. Id. at 87 FR 11902–11903.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated
that sections 7.1.10 and 8.2.1 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–C include additional
requirements regarding the table surface
on which the UUT is placed for testing.
This includes the specifications for
covering the table with black, nonreflective cloth and placing a reflective
card directly underneath the ABC
sensor of the UUT. The reflective card
is used to better redirect light from the
ABC lamp into the ABC sensor, given
the 45° angle of the ABC lamp. In the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to
reference these requirements in the test
room setup section of appendix H. Id. at
87 FR 11903. DOE additionally noted
that while it proposed to reference these
requirements, the CTA working group
was considering amending this
requirement to specify that a
‘‘minimally reflective cloth’’ (such as
black felt) rather than a ‘‘non-reflective
cloth’’ be used for testing, since no
material is truly non-reflective. Id. The
published ANSI/CTA–2037–D has since
finalized this requirement. In the March
2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment
on its proposal to reference all the
requirements specified in section 8 of
ANSI/CTA–2037–C for the test room
setup. These include the setup of the
UUT, illuminance meter, camera
photometer, table surface, and reflective
card. DOE also requested comment on
whether it would be appropriate to
specify that the table surface must be
covered with black, non-reflective cloth
or whether DOE should specify a
‘‘minimally reflective’’ cloth instead. Id.
CTA et al. commented that DOE
should adopt the requirements in
section 8 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D
regarding the physical setup of the test.
CTA et al. also stated that DOE should
adopt the requirements in section 8.2.1
of ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which differ
from ANSI/CTA–2037–C by specifying
‘‘minimally reflective’’ cloth instead of
‘‘nonreflective’’ cloth. (CTA et al., No.
21 at p. 13)
ANSI/CTA–2037–D specifies UUT
setup requirements that are
substantively the same as those
specified in ANSI/CTA–2037–C, with
two minor updates. First, ANSI/CTA–
2037–D specifies that the table surface
can cause a glare in the recorded image, which can
impact results if not corrected.
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must be covered with black, minimally
reflective cloth, as discussed in the
March 2022 NOPR. Second, ANSI/CTA–
2037–D specifies that the illuminance
meter’s position along the x-axis shall
be minimized and shall be less than 95
millimeters. This requirement is
effectively the same as that stated in
ANSI/CTA–2037–C, which specified
that the base of the dome (of the
illuminance meter) must be placed on
the bezel of the TV. The requirement in
ANSI/CTA–2037–D includes a
quantitative distance, which should
improve repeatability in placing the
illuminance meter consistently, but
does not materially change the
placement compared to ANSI/CTA–
2037–C. For the reasons discussed in
the preceding paragraphs and in the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE amends the
UUT installation and placement in
appendix H to reference sections 7.1.10
and 8 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
G. Test Configuration
1. Configuration of Special Functions
Section 5 of appendix H specifies
configuration requirements for various
TV functions such as: additional
functions and special functions; the
setup of the TV when presented with
forced menu prompts; a connection
priority to be used for connecting the
TV to the video input device; the
selection of the preset picture setting for
on mode tests; video aspect ratio; frame
rate; sound level; and network
connection configuration. For many of
these requirements, appendix H
references the requirements specified in
relevant sections of IEC 62087:2011. The
requirements specified in appendix H
are also consistent with earlier versions
of the ANSI/CTA–2037 standard.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted
that as TV technology has evolved, the
configuration requirements currently
specified in appendix H may not be as
representative of current TV use. 87 FR
11892, 11903. DOE additionally noted
that special functions such as MDD
often trigger a more significant decrease
in power consumption when testing
with the IEC test clip compared to other
real-world media content. Id. DOE
additionally stated that ANSI/CTA–
2037–C provides setup requirements for
functions including quick start, MDD,
and forced menus. Section 9.1 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–C specifies that the UUT
must operate on the latest manufacturersupplied firmware and requires a
factory reset to ensure the TV is
configured with the most recent
firmware update. Section 9.2 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–C specifies instructions for
the initial configuration of the UUT,
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including how to adjust according to
initial setup and forced menu prompts
that may have multiple configurations
from which to choose. DOE stated that
ANSI/CTA–2037–C specifies disabling
accessibility settings intended for vision
or hearing-impaired viewers as well as
choosing the configuration that does not
include the addition of content such as
applications (i.e., ‘‘apps’’) or TV
stations. Other than these exceptions, in
the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that
ANSI/CTA–2037–C specifies that the
most power-consumptive configuration
must be selected, and the selection must
be verified via a test if the most powerconsumptive configuration is unknown.
Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
additionally stated that section 9.7 of
ANSI/CTA–2037–C requires all testing
to be completed with MDD disabled.
Further, section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C provides criteria that are used to
determine whether quick start is
enabled or disabled during testing.
Specifically, quick start is enabled
during testing if it is enabled by default
or if the wake time of the TV is greater
than or equal to 10 seconds when quick
start is disabled. In the latter scenario,
quick start is enabled to provide the
shortest possible resume time. To
determine the wake time of the TV for
the quick start configuration, ANSI/
CTA–2037–C specifies connecting the
UUT to LAN without any other devices
connected, playing the SDR IEC test
clip, turning off the TV for 20 minutes,
and turning it back on such that it is
configured to turn on to the HDMI input
connection that is playing the IEC test
clip. The time between turning on the
TV to content being displayed is
determined to be the wake time of the
TV for the configuration of quick start
function. Id. at 87 FR 11903–11904.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
proposed to adopt through reference
sections 9.1, 9.2, 9.7, and 9.9 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–C. Id. at 87 FR 11904. DOE
tentatively determined that adopting
these sections would address
stakeholder comments in response to
the June 2016 RFI, would make the DOE
test procedure consistent with the
industry standard for the configuration
of these settings, and would ensure that
the DOE test procedure is measuring
power consumption in a representative
and repeatable manner. Id. While DOE
proposed to reference these
requirements, DOE noted in the March
2022 NOPR that the most power
consumptive configuration of a special
function may not be readily identified,
as required in section 9.2 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C, particularly because ANSI/
CTA–2037–C specifies on mode testing
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at three preset picture settings. DOE
noted that ANSI/CTA–2037–C does not
address which configuration should be
selected if a given special function
impacts power consumption differently
when testing the different preset picture
settings or power modes. Additionally,
DOE noted in the March 2022 NOPR
that the CTA working group was
considering updating this requirement
to specify that the most energy
consumptive configuration of a special
function must be selected if a forced
menu is displayed requiring the
configuration of special functions. Id.
DOE also acknowledged in the March
2022 NOPR that the CTA working group
was considering changing how the most
consumptive state is determined.
Specifically, the working group was
considering changing this requirement
to specify that the option that is more
likely to increase energy consumption
be selected. As an example, if a UUT
has a prompt for enabling or disabling
location sharing, this special function is
unlikely to use a significant amount of
additional energy, but it is more likely
that enabling it will result in higher
energy consumption than disabling it,
and therefore, location sharing should
be enabled during testing, according to
the language under consideration by the
CTA working group. Id. DOE
additionally stated that the CTA
working group was considering other
alternate language to eliminate
subjective configuration of special
functions from forced menu prompts. In
particular, the working group was
considering specifying that if it is
unknown which configuration yields
the most energy consumptive state, then
the configuration that enables more
functionality should be selected, such as
location sharing, data reporting, or data
backup. However, if a forced menu is
displayed requesting the configuration
of features that would reduce or save
energy, the configuration that consumes
maximum energy should be selected
(e.g., smart viewing modes or energy
saving functionality). The ultimate goal
of such a requirement would be to select
the configuration that consumes the
most energy, and it is expected that,
generally, enabling more functionality
would consume more energy. The CTA
working group was also considering
selecting the option that is highlighted
or pre-selected when a given forced
menu prompt appears on the screen. Id.
At the time of the March 2022 NOPR,
the CTA working group was also
considering specifying that the TV must
be tested in the default settings for all
functions other than those that require
configuration when a forced menu
prompt appears on the screen. Further,
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the working group was considering
specifying that the tester must not log
into any services if prompted by a
forced menu during initial setup, unless
it is required for the setup of any other
functionality noted in the standard (e.g.,
smart wake functionality setup via a
smart speaker). Id. The working group
also intended to clarify certain
requirements for quick start. In
particular, to measure the quick start
wake time, ANSI/CTA–2037–C specifies
that the test must be conducted on LAN,
without WAN connection. The working
group intended to remove this
requirement for ANSI/CTA–2037–D, so
that the quick start wake time check is
conducted under the same settings as
the rest of the test (i.e., on WAN).
Additionally, ANSI/CTA–2037–C
specifies that the wake time must be
measured when the UUT wakes to the
HDMI input. However, it does not state
how the wake time should be measured
if the UUT does not wake to the HDMI
input. For ANSI/CTA–2037–D, the
working group was considering
specifying that if the UUT does not
wake to displaying video content from
the HDMI port, then the wake time
measurement period would end as soon
as an HDMI input port can be selected
to play content. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
requested comment on whether it
should consider requiring that if a
forced menu is displayed requesting the
configuration of specific features, then
the most energy consumptive
configuration, as represented by AEC,
must be selected (rather than the most
power consumptive configuration).
Additionally, if stakeholders supported
the use of the most power consumptive
configuration, DOE requested comment
on whether it should specify that the
power consumption measurement is
averaged over the duration of the test.
Id. at 87 FR 11905.
DOE also requested comment on any
approaches that were under
consideration for ANSI/CTA–2037–D by
the CTA working group for the initial
setup of the TV, the configuration of
forced menu options, or the
requirements for the quick start wake
time measurement test. Id.
CTA et al. recommended that DOE
adopt ANSI/CTA–2037–D, including the
requirements in section 9.2 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–D, which stipulate that, if a
forced menu is displayed, then the
menu selection(s) which result in the
most energy consumptive state shall be
selected. CTA et al. also stated that the
most energy consumptive state does not
need to be determined by running
complete tests and calculating AEC for
each configuration. Instead, if the most
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energy consumptive state is not obvious,
then the configuration that results in the
most functionality should be selected.
(CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 13)
CTA et al. also commented that DOE
should adopt the requirements in
section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D for
quick start functionality, which requires
that quick start wake time be measured
to determine if it should be enabled
during testing. (Id. at p. 14) ANSI/CTA–
2037–D includes some updates in the
introductory text of section 9 and
sections 9.1, 9.2, 9.7, and 9.10 (which is
the new section number for quick start
requirements, compared to section 9.9
in ANSI/CTA–2037–C). Specifically, the
introductory text of section 9 specifies
explicitly that the UUT must be
configured and tested in the home
configuration,14 while this same
requirement is specified in section 9.2
of ANSI/CTA–2037–C. Accordingly,
DOE is adopting the introductory text in
section 9 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D in this
final rule.
Additionally, section 9.1 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–C specifies that the UUT
must operate on the latest manufacturersupplied firmware. Section 9.1 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–D specifies the same
requirements but changes the term
‘‘firmware’’ to ‘‘software;’’ i.e., the UUT
must operate on the latest manufacturersupplied software. As discussed
previously, ANSI/CTA–2037–D also
includes a definition for ‘‘software,’’
which specifies, in part, that code that
might be classified as ‘‘firmware’’
elsewhere is classified as ‘‘software’’ in
ANSI/CTA–2037–D. Overall, it is DOE’s
understanding that while ANSI/CTA–
2037–C and ANSI/CTA–2037–D use
different terminologies, the intent of the
requirement is the same. Accordingly,
DOE is adopting section 9.1 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–D for the UUT software
update requirements.
Section 9.2 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C and
ANSI/CTA–2037–D specify the initial
steps to configurate the TV prior to
conducting tests. However, in the
published ANSI/CTA–2037–D, the CTA
working group finalized each of the
items that were discussed as being
under consideration in the March 2022
NOPR. These include configuration of
features required via forced menu
prompts using the most energy
consumptive state rather than the most
power consumptive state. ANSI/CTA–
2037–D also specifies that the most
energy consumptive state is selected
14 Home configuration is the configuration
designed for typical consumer viewing and is
recommended by the manufacturer for home
environments. It is typically selected from the
forced menu wherein a selection needs to be made
for ‘‘home’’ vs. ‘‘retail’’ configurations.
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based on the configuration that enables
more functionality unless the feature
would reduce or save energy, in which
case the configuration that consumes
maximum energy is selected, as
discussed in the March 2022 NOPR.
Section 9.2 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D also
specifies that the tester must not log into
any services if prompted by a forced
menu during initial setup, unless it is
required for the setup of any other
functionality noted in the standard (e.g.,
smart wake functionality setup via a
smart speaker), as discussed in the
March 2022 NOPR. These clarifications
are intended to improve repeatability
and reproducibility while configuring
the initial TV settings. Accordingly,
DOE is adopting section 9.2 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–D for the initial
configuration requirements. DOE notes
that ANSI/CTA–2037–D also includes a
new section 9.2.1 to specify network
configuration requirements. These
requirements were previously specified
in section 9.10 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C.
DOE discusses networking requirements
in section III.G.6 of this document.
Section 9.7 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D
specifies the same requirements as those
specified in section 9.7 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C and discussed in the March
2022 NOPR for the configuration of
MDD for SDR preset picture settings.
Since MDD is not known to impact
power consumption of HDR10 preset
picture settings when tested with the
HDR10 IEC test clip, the configuration
of MDD in the HDR10 preset picture
setting is not expected to impact results.
Accordingly, DOE is adopting section
9.7 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D for the MDD
setup.
Finally, for the quick start
requirements specified in section 9.10 of
ANSI/CTA–2037–D, the CTA working
group adopted each of the requirements
that were discussed as being under
consideration in the March 2022 NOPR.
The updated quick start requirements
are intended to reduce burden by
removing the requirement to wait for
displayed content to appear, which is
sometimes not repeatable, and improve
representativeness by clarifying that the
TV be connected to LAN and WAN.
Accordingly, DOE is adopting section
9.10 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D for the quick
start requirements.
2. Media Player Setup and Connection
Sections 5.2 and 5.3 of appendix H
require the use of an HDMI input cable
and the HDMI input terminal that is
designed for viewing live TV or
dynamic content from a Blu-ray Disc
player or set-top-box. However,
appendix H does not provide additional
instructions regarding the settings that
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must be selected for the media player
(e.g., noise reduction, upscaling, etc.).
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated
that section 9.3 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C
specifies requirements for playing video
test files using the media player.
Specifically, this section specifies that
for all UUT setup and test tasks
requiring video play, video test files
stored on a USB flash drive shall be
played from the media player by
inserting the USB flash drive into the
media player, connecting the media
player to the UUT using an HDMI cable,
and selecting the HDMI input on the
UUT associated with the media player.
On the media player, a video setting
shall be selected that performs no video
processing (e.g., no noise reduction, no
upscaling, no adjustment of color, hue,
contrast, or brightness). 87 FR 11892,
11905.
Accordingly, in the March 2022
NOPR, DOE proposed to incorporate by
reference section 9.3 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C for the media player setup and
connection. Id. DOE received no
comments specific to this topic in
response to the March 2022 NOPR.
The published ANSI/CTA–2037–D
specifies the same requirements in
section 9.3. Accordingly, DOE amends
appendix H by referencing the media
player setup and connection
requirements in section 9.3 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–D.
3. Test Clips
Appendix H currently specifies use of
the IEC 62087:2011 Blu-ray Disc
dynamic broadcast-content video signal
(i.e., the IEC test clip) for all on mode
testing. Section 5.7 of appendix H
requires the video aspect ratio of the
video signal to fill the entire screen, and
section 5.8 of appendix H requires the
frame rate and resolution of the video
signal to match the highest available
format signal capable of the UUT.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted
that stakeholders have collaborated
during both IEC and CTA working
groups to identify an appropriate test
clip for TV testing. As a result of these
meetings, the SDR IEC test clip
continues to be used for testing the SDR
preset picture settings. Additionally, an
adapted HDR10 test clip (referred to as
the ‘‘HDR10 IEC test clip’’ elsewhere in
this document), has been developed by
the Collaborative Labeling and
Appliance Standards Program
(‘‘CLASP’’), for testing HDR10 preset
picture settings. Members of the IEC and
CTA working groups have agreed to use
this HDR10 test clip for testing HDR10
preset picture settings in the respective
industry standards. 87 FR 11892,
11905–11906
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In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated
that ANSI/CTA–2037–C specifies use of
the SDR IEC test clip for SDR preset
picture settings and the HDR10 IEC test
clip for HDR10 preset picture settings,
while providing similar direction as
appendix H for the aspect ratio,
resolution, and frame rate of the video
signal. Id. at 87 FR 11906. Additionally,
ANSI/CTA–2037–C specifies that the
test clips be played via a USB flash
drive rather than a Blu-ray Disc. Id.
Accordingly, in the March 2022
NOPR, DOE proposed to reference
sections 7.2 and 9.5 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C for the test clip provisions.
Section 7.2 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C
specifies the video files that should be
used for determination of on mode
power consumption and states that the
file with the highest resolution
supported by the UUT shall be used.
Four test clips are specified in ANSI/
CTA–2037–C, two of which are used for
SDR preset picture settings and two of
which are used for HDR10 preset
picture settings. Section 9.5 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–C additionally specifies that
the aspect ratio of the video content
must fill the entire screen without being
cropped to ensure all TV pixels are
activated during testing. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
requested comment on its proposal to
reference the SDR and HDR10 IEC test
clips specified in ANSI/CTA–2037–C
for testing TVs in the default, brightest,
and HDR10 preset picture settings. Id.
ASAP et al. stated that the proposed
IEC test clips have abnormally short
scenes and lack TV viewing-related
sounds, such as human voices, that are
found in typical TV content. ASAP et al.
encouraged DOE to develop a new test
clip that is more representative of realworld video and sound as part of a
future rulemaking. (ASAP et al., No. 18
at p. 2)
DOE recognizes that the SDR IEC test
clip may not be entirely representative
of current real-world video content.
However, DOE has determined that
certain other requirements specified in
this final rule (e.g., configuration of
special functions, preset picture settings
selected for on mode testing, dynamic
luminance measurement, etc.) address
many of the identified shortcomings of
the SDR IEC test clip, particularly
related to the short scenes. DOE
additionally notes that the HDR10 IEC
test clip specified by this final rule is
more representative of real-world video
content.
In addition, DOE believes that IEC is
the most suitable forum to build
international consensus on the
development of a future test clip to be
used for TV energy testing. If a new test
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clip were to be developed through
international consensus, DOE would
evaluate the clip and, if appropriate,
consider it for the DOE test procedure.
DOE would welcome participation in
any such international effort.
ANSI/CTA–2037–D includes the same
requirements regarding test clips as
those discussed in the March 2022
NOPR. Additionally, the published
standard includes the websites at which
each of the test clips can be accessed.
For the reasons discussed above, and in
the March 2022 NOPR, DOE adopts the
requirements for the test clips in
appendix H as referenced in sections 7.2
and 9.5 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
4. Preset Picture Settings for On Mode
Tests
Appendix H requires on mode testing
only in the default preset picture
setting. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
specified that ANSI/CTA–2037–C
requires on mode testing using three
preset picture settings, based on the
functionality of the TV: default SDR,
brightest SDR, and the default HDR10
preset picture settings. 87 FR 11892,
11907. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
explained that these preset picture
settings are determined as specified in
sections 9.6 and 9.8 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C. Specifically, section 9.6 of
ANSI/CTA–2037–C requires the tester to
play the SDR IEC test clip to identify the
SDR default preset picture setting and
the HDR10 IEC test clip to identify the
HDR10 default preset picture setting. If
ABC is enabled by default in these
preset picture settings, the on mode test
is conducted with ABC enabled. Section
9.8 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C instructs the
tester to identify the brightest preset
picture setting using the SDR IEC test
clip, which is played for 5 minutes
while the camera photometer collects
the dynamic luminance of the UUT in
each preset picture setting. The preset
picture setting with the highest dynamic
luminance is determined to be the
brightest preset picture setting and is
used during on mode testing. Section
9.8 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C also includes
details such as how to determine the
brightest preset picture setting if the
dynamic luminance of each considered
preset picture setting is very similar and
specifies certain preset picture settings
that are specifically excluded, such as
‘‘PC’’ or ‘‘Game.’’ Id. Additionally, DOE
stated in the March 2022 NOPR that the
CTA working group was considering
explicitly stating that the brightest
preset picture setting must be identified
with ABC disabled. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE had
tentatively determined the methodology
specified in ANSI/CTA–2037–C
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addressed many of the issues in
appendix H pertaining to testing only a
single preset picture setting; and that
the methodology specified in ANSI/
CTA–2037–C—capturing a range of
preset picture settings that are reflective
of different resolutions and brightness
settings that consumers may choose
among—would produce test results that
are more representative of average TV
use than the current requirements of
appendix H. Id.
Accordingly, in the March 2022
NOPR, DOE proposed to reference
sections 9.6 and 9.8 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C to identify the preset picture
settings that must be selected for testing.
DOE additionally proposed to specify
that the brightest preset picture setting
must be identified with ABC disabled.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also
noted that it was aware of certain preset
picture settings being introduced on
recent TVs that are known to adapt the
TV’s configuration based on the content,
usage pattern, and the environment in
which the TV operates. These TVs use
artificial intelligence technology to
adapt and adjust these settings and such
a preset picture setting is sometimes
available in addition to Filmmaker
mode (defined in section III.C of this
document). Id. While DOE did not
propose any requirement around such a
preset picture setting in the March 2022
NOPR, it requested additional
information about such preset picture
settings and whether DOE should
consider excluding such preset picture
settings when selecting the default SDR,
brightest SDR, and default HDR10 preset
picture settings that are required for
testing on mode power consumption. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
requested comment on its proposal to
reference the requirements in ANSI/
CTA–2037–C for the selection of the
preset picture settings that must be used
for testing and additionally specifying
that the brightest preset picture setting
be identified with ABC disabled. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also
requested information on preset picture
settings that can adapt the TV’s
configuration based on content, usage
pattern, environment, etc. DOE also
requested comment on whether such
preset picture settings should be
excluded from testing, even if they are
one of the default SDR, brightest SDR,
or default HDR10 preset picture settings.
If stakeholders support excluding such
a preset picture setting from testing,
DOE requested comment on which
preset picture setting(s) should be used
for testing instead, particularly if the
intelligent preset picture setting is a
default SDR or default HDR10 preset
picture setting. Id.
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CTA et al. commented that DOE
should adopt the requirements in
section 9.6 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D for
the identification of the default SDR and
HDR10 preset picture settings. CTA et
al. also recommended adopting the
requirements in section 9.8 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–D for the selection of the
brightest preset picture setting. (CTA et
al., No. 21 at p. 14)
ComEd and NEEA stated there is
insufficient information about adaptive
picture settings to include them in the
test procedure and 2019 NEEA field
research showed little use of these
settings. (ComEd and NEEA, No. 20 at
p. 4)
DOE notes that adaptive picture
settings may cause repeatability and
reproducibility issues by altering the
TVs configuration during testing.
Therefore, DOE agrees with ComEd and
NEEA that adaptive picture settings
should be excluded from the test
procedure.
Sections 9.6 and 9.8 of the published
ANSI/CTA–2037–D specify the same
requirements as those proposed in the
March 2022 NOPR, including
determining the brightest preset picture
setting with ABC off. As no other
changes have been made to the preset
picture selection between ANSI/CTA–
2037–C and ANSI/CTA–2037–D, DOE
amends the preset picture settings for on
mode testing to reference sections 9.6
and 9.8 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
5. Sound Level
Section 5.9 of appendix H specifies
that the TV sound level shall be
configured in accordance with section
11.4.11 of IEC 62087:2011. Section
11.4.11 of IEC 62087:2011 specifies that
the volume control shall be adjusted to
a level at which the sound output is
audible. DOE understands this
instruction to mean starting with the
volume control at zero and increasing
the volume until an audible level is
achieved.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated
that section 9.4 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C
specifies that the volume control shall
be adjusted to a level greater than zero
that is closest to 2 percent of the
maximum (e.g., a TV with a maximum
level of 30 would have its volume set to
1). As this requirement is more objective
than the current requirement specified
in IEC 62087:2011, while resulting in
comparable sound levels, in the March
2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference
section 9.4 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C for the
sound level requirements in appendix
H. 87 FR 11892, 11907.
ASAP et al. encouraged DOE to
consider measuring power consumption
using more representative TV sound
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levels as part of a future rulemaking and
encouraged DOE to conduct testing at
different sound levels to determine the
relationship between TV volume and
power consumption. (ASAP et al., No.
18, at p. 2)
In the NOPR public meeting, NEEA
and Pacific Crest Lab (‘‘PCL’’)
commented that the current test clips
have 1 kilohertz (‘‘kHz’’) sine waves as
the sound on the test clips and the test
clips would need to be redesigned to
accommodate more representative
sound. Associated with the update to
the test clip, NEEA and PCL stated that
testing laboratories would also need to
be redesigned, with soundproofing for
instance, if a more representative sound
is used on the test clip. NEEA and PCL
additionally stated that it would be a
longer-term goal to change the sound
requirements for the TV test procedure.
(Public Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at p.
43–44)
DOE has determined that the sound
level configuration specified in ANSI/
CTA–2037–D (which is same as the
requirement in ANSI/CTA–2037–C)
ensures a repeatable and reproducible
sound level by specifying the volume be
set to a percentage of the maximum
volume rather than relying on the
audibility of the sound. Accordingly,
DOE is adopting this requirement in this
final rule. Should additional data
become available regarding the impact
of sound level on measured power use,
or a representative sound level for
conducting testing, DOE may consider a
different sound level in a future test
procedure rulemaking.
For reasons discussed here and, in the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE amends the
sound level configuration to reference
section 9.4 of ANSI/CTA2037–D.
6. Network Configuration
Section 5.10 of appendix H specifies
the network connection configuration to
which the UUT must be connected.
Section 5.10.2 of appendix H requires
the UUT to be connected to a LAN both
in on mode and prior to being placed in
standby mode, if the TV is network
enabled. The LAN shall allow devices to
ping other devices on the network but
must not allow access to a WAN.
Section 5.10.2 of appendix H also
provides a network connection
hierarchy table prioritizing that the UUT
be connected via Wi-Fi, then Ethernet if
Wi-Fi is not supported by the UUT.
Sections 7.1.8, 9.9, 9.10, and 9.11 of
ANSI/CTA–2037–C include
requirements for network-related
equipment and configuration of network
connections, and configuration of
specified networking devices.
Specifically, section 7.1.8.1 of ANSI/
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CTA–2037–C specifies that the internet
network connection shall support
download speeds of at least 25
megabytes per second (‘‘MBps’’) and
upload speeds of at least 3 Mbps.
Sections 7.1.8.2 and 7.1.8.3 specify the
use of a smart speaker that shall be used
to conduct the wake-by-smart-speaker
test and the use of a mobile device that
is used for remote control and casting
applications. Section 7.1.8.4 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–C specifies that a network
traffic generator shall be configured to
output multicast discovery packets to
the LAN every 1 second. The packets
include requests to the UUT typical of
everyday use 15 that can be responded to
over LAN by the UUT. 87 FR 11892,
11907–11908. Section 9.10 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–C requires that for UUTs
that are network enabled, both the on
mode and standby mode tests be
conducted with the UUT connected to
WAN as well as up to three additional
devices (i.e., the smart speaker, mobile
device, and network traffic generator)
connected via the LAN. Section 9.10
also requires that the LAN network
include no other networking devices
besides the devices required to conduct
the test (i.e., the smart speaker, mobile
device, and network traffic generator).
Section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C
specifies that for TVs that are advertised
to support wake-by-remote-control-app
(‘‘WbRA’’), wake-on-cast (‘‘WoC’’), or
wake-by-smart-speaker (‘‘WbS’’), enable
as many of the supported smart wake
features as possible. Any devices used
to configure these features (e.g., mobile
device, smart speaker, etc.) should be
connected to the same LAN as the UUT.
Section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C
further specifies that the goal is to
configure the UUT to wake with as
many of the three identified smart wake
features as possible.
DOE stated in the March 2022 NOPR,
that the CTA working group was
considering explicitly specifying the
following additional requirements: (a)
the LAN must not include other
networking devices besides the devices
required to conduct the test; (b) internet
connectivity must be confirmed (e.g., by
streaming media); (c) if the UUT does
not support Wi-Fi or Ethernet
connectivity then it shall not be
connected to other possible forms of
network connection (e.g., MoCA); and,
(d) the three smart wake features must
be enabled before performing any of the
on or standby mode tests. Id.
DOE’s analysis of the market indicates
that most TVs currently on the market
are equipped with the capability to
15 For example, the packets include commands
sent to the Google and Spotify internet servers.
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connect to the network. The growing
availability of streaming services and
video content via digital media suggests
that a growing percentage of TVs are
connected to an active internet
connection when installed in a
consumer’s home. Additionally, the
growth in the market for connected
devices, particularly mobile devices and
smart speakers, suggests that these
devices are also becoming more
prevalent in consumer homes.
Based on an analysis of the market
and the requirements specified in ANSI/
CTA–2037–C and those under
consideration at the time for ANSI/
CTA–2037–D, in the March 2022 NOPR,
DOE tentatively concluded that the
network configuration requirements
specified in ANSI/CTA–2037–C—which
require an active internet connection for
the TV and the configuration of three
different types of devices connected to
the same local network—are more
representative of TVs currently sold on
the market than the requirements
currently specified in appendix H.
Therefore, in the March 2022 NOPR,
DOE proposed to reference the network
connection requirements specified in
sections 7.1.8, 9.10, and 9.11 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–C. Id.
DOE additionally noted that it had
found through its testing that
configuring the specified network
devices, especially the smart speaker, to
communicate with the TV was
challenging for some TV models due to
inadequate setup instructions. Further,
DOE experienced challenges pairing
certain TV models with smart speakers,
noting that some TV models could only
connect to certain smart speaker brands,
but not others. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
requested comment on its proposal to
reference sections 7.1.8, 9.10, and 9.11
of ANSI/CTA–2037–C for the network
configuration requirements. DOE also
requested comment on the updates
being considered by the CTA working
group for ANSI/CTA–2037–D as they
pertain to the WAN and LAN
connection requirements and the
connection requirements for smart wake
features. Id.
DOE also requested feedback on its
observed challenges with pairing certain
TV models with smart speakers. Id.
CTA et al. stated that DOE should
adopt the requirements in sections 7.1.8,
9.9, and 9.10 of ANSI/CTA2037–D 16
regarding network configuration
16 DOE observes that while CTA et al. commented
that the relevant network configuration
requirements are specified in sections 7.1.8, 9.9,
and 9.10 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D, the requirements
are in fact specified in sections 7.1.8, 9.2.1, and 9.9
of ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
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requirements. CTA et al. additionally
stated that, at the time of filing the
comments, the CTA working group was
still discussing appropriate wording for
section 7.1.8 and its subsections, which
describe the network activity to be
generated during testing. (CTA et al.,
No. 21 at p. 14) CTA et al. additionally
commented that DOE should adopt the
requirements from ANSI/CTA–2037–D,
including section 9.10 17 which
describes how to configure a TV to be
woken using smart speakers and how to
address situations where a smart
speaker is unable to wake the TV. CTA
et al. noted that, according to CTA et al.,
ANSI/CTA–2037–D addressed the
issues pertaining to pairing certain TVs
with certain smart speakers. (Id. at p.
15) CTA et al. commented that DOE
should not include any additional
specifications beyond those specified in
ANSI/CTA–2037–D. (Id.)
ANSI/CTA–2037–D generally
includes the same networking
requirements as those specified in
ANSI/CTA–2037–C. While DOE
referenced sections 7.1.8, 9.10, and 9.11
of ANSI/CTA–2037–C for the
networking requirements in the March
2022 NOPR, these same requirements
are specified in sections 7.1.8, 9.2.1, and
9.9 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D. Additionally,
section 7.1.8 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D
removes the requirement regarding
additional packet generation as
specified in ANSI/CTA–2037–C. Based
on DOE’s ongoing participation in the
CTA standard development process,
DOE understands that the reason for
removing this requirement is that the
wake features utilized during the on
mode and standby testing already
generate packets that are representative
of average household usage, and that
any additional packets generated
artificially via a packet generator would
not be representative.
Additionally, the requirements in
section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D are
generally the same as those in section
9.11 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C, except that
section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D
removes the test specified in ANSI/CTA
2037–C to confirm at the end of a
standby mode test that the TV can be
powered on via a smart wake feature.
Instead, section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA–2037–
D specifies that to reduce test burden,
the test method does not require testers
to confirm [via a separate test] that they
have configured smart wake features to
persist throughout the entire standby
test period; however, testers should
confirm that they understand how to
achieve this result for all UUT brands or
17 These requirements are specified in section 9.9
of ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
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platforms tested.18 Section 9.9 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–D additionally provides
guidance for the tester if any of the
smart wake functions do not work. This
includes testing with a different smart
speaker brand and suggesting enabling
quick start, which is a common setting
that must be enabled for smart wake
features to function and mitigates the
challenges that DOE observed when
testing according to a draft version of
ANSI/CTA–2037–C associated with
pairing the smart speaker with the TV.
The smart wake devices are also
required to stay configured to the UUT
even if the 5-second check is not
successful. These requirements
generally ensure that testing is
conducted in the same environment as
that specified in ANSI/CTA–2037–C.
DOE found that the additional
instructions for configuring and
connecting the smart speaker provided
by ANSI/CTA–2037–D are helpful for
informing testers of the common
missteps made while configuring the
smart speaker and would help improve
repeatability and reproducibility across
test labs. Additionally, the updated
network requirements in ANSI/CTA–
2037–D are more representative of
modern TVs and home network
environments. For the reasons discussed
here and, in the March 2022 NOPR,
DOE amends the network configuration
requirements to reference sections 7.1.8,
9.2.1, and 9.9 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
H. Test Conduct
Section 7 of appendix H specifies the
tests for measuring on mode power
consumption, luminance, standby mode
power consumption, and off mode
power consumption. The following
sections describe the amendments DOE
proposed to each of these tests in the
March 2022 NOPR as well as the final
requirements adopted in this final rule.
1. On Mode Test
As discussed in previous sections, in
the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to
adopt the testing requirements specified
in ANSI/CTA–2037–C, which specifies
a new method to measure dynamic
screen luminance at the same time as on
mode power consumption. Accordingly,
the on mode test specified in ANSI/
CTA–2037–C specifies requirements for
camera configuration, UUT
stabilization, and measurement of
luminance and power consumption. 87
FR 11892, 11908.
Section 10 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C
specifies the camera configuration and
18 Section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D further states
that, for example, it is common that the Quick Start
feature must be enabled in order to enable
persistent smart wake features.
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UUT stabilization procedure. First, the
camera photometer must be configured
to ensure that the UUT’s screen border
fits in the camera’s field of view.
Additionally, the color correction
factors must be identified, if necessary,
per the camera manufacturer’s
instructions. The UUT is then stabilized
by playing the first 5 minutes of the IEC
SDR test clip multiple times until the
average power level between successive
runs of the clip is within 2 percent. The
procedure specifies that final camera
configuration is performed just before
on mode testing so that the UUT
remains stabilized during the transition
from this step to on mode testing. In the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to
reference section 10 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C in appendix H to specify the
UUT and camera photometer
stabilization requirements.
Section 11.1 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C
specifies the on mode test conduct,
which as discussed, specifies measuring
power consumption and dynamic
luminance simultaneously. ANSI/CTA–
2037–C specifies conducting on mode
testing in the SDR default, SDR
brightest, and HDR10 default preset
picture settings. All UUTs are tested
with ABC off at the default backlight in
each preset picture setting. In ANSI/
CTA–2037–C, any preset picture setting
with ABC off by default is additionally
tested with the backlight level set to 20
percent of its maximum backlight level.
As specified in ANSI/CTA–2037–C, any
preset picture setting with ABC on by
default is additionally tested at 140 lux,
50 lux, 17 lux, and 4 lux room
illuminance levels. These room
illuminance levels are not identical, but
are in practice equivalent, to the room
illuminance levels specified in the
current appendix H (i.e., 100 lux, 35 lux,
12 lux, and 3 lux) for the following
reason. Appendix H requires the lamp
to be placed directly in front of the ABC
sensor to set room illuminance levels at
100 lux, 35 lux, 12 lux, and 3 lux. Given
that ANSI/CTA–2037–C specifies the
lamp to be placed at an angle of 45°
from the ABC sensor, the room
illuminance levels are slightly higher to
ensure that the light at the ABC sensor
is equivalent to the current room
illuminance values with the lamp
placed directly in front of the ABC
sensor.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
proposed to reference these
requirements for the on mode power
and luminance measurements in the
default SDR, brightest SDR, and default
HDR10 preset picture settings. However,
for the brightest SDR preset picture
setting, in the March 2022 NOPR DOE
proposed to only utilize the on mode
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power consumption with ABC disabled
for the calculation of AEC, regardless of
the default ABC setting. This is because
the selection of the brightest preset
picture setting is performed with ABC
disabled [as discussed in section III.G.4
of this document]. If ABC were then
enabled during the on mode
measurement test, it would be
inconsistent with how the preset picture
setting was selected and may not truly
capture the intended brightest preset
picture setting’s luminance and power.
87 FR 11892, 11908.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
requested comment on its proposal to
reference section 10 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C for the camera photometer and
stabilization requirements. DOE also
requested comment on its proposal to
reference section 11.1 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C for the on mode dynamic
luminance and power measurement.
Specifically, DOE requested comment
on using the brightest preset picture
setting measurement with ABC turned
off for the AEC calculation, regardless of
its default setting. Id.
Additionally, in the NOPR public
meeting, DOE discussed that the CTA
working group was considering
specifying certain additional
requirements for the on mode tests.
Specifically, DOE noted that the
working group was considering
specifying that ABC-enabled tests that
are conducted at each room illuminance
level should include a 1-minute
stabilization period at each room
illuminance level. (See Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 16 at p. 26) DOE
additionally noted that for preset
picture settings with ABC disabled by
default, the CTA working group was
considering replacing the measurement
point at 20 percent of the maximum
backlight level with two measurement
points, i.e., the minimum backlight level
and a second measurement point that is
halfway between the minimum and
default backlight level. (Id. at p. 27)
DOE also noted that the working group
was considering including requirements
that if the minimum backlight level is
too dim to view the IEC test clip’s
countdown timer, the backlight level
can be increased until the countdown
timer is visible. Additionally, the
working group was considering
specifying that if a backlight setting is
not available, then the backlight is
adjusted via the brightness or the
luminance setting. Id.
In response to the March 2022 NOPR,
CTA et al. commented that DOE should
adopt the requirements in section 10 of
ANSI/CTA–2037–D regarding
configuration of the camera and
stabilization of the TV. CTA et al. also
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commented that DOE should adopt the
requirements in section 11.1 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–D regarding on mode testing,
including using the test results with
ABC on for the brightest preset picture
setting if ABC is on by default, because
CTA et al. does not expect consumers to
manually change the ABC setting when
using a TV’s brightest preset picture
setting. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 15)
The CA IOUs recommended that DOE
test the brightest SDR preset picture
setting in the default ABC setting during
the on mode test, rather than always
disabled because the ABC feature
reduces power consumption and would
encourage manufactures to support the
ABC feature and enable it by default.
(CA IOUs, No. 19 at p. 4; Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 16 at p. 32–33)
ComEd and NEEA supported testing
the brightest preset picture setting with
ABC disabled to avoid circumvention of
the brightest preset picture setting test.
(ComEd and NEEA, No. 20 at p. 4)
While CTA et al. and the CA IOUs
commented that the on mode power
consumption of the brightest preset
picture setting should be determined
with ABC enabled, if ABC is enabled by
default in the brightest preset picture
setting, DOE notes that ANSI/CTA–
2037–D calculates the on mode power
consumption of the brightest preset
picture setting at the ABC disabled
measurement point in Annex A of the
standard. DOE is adopting this approach
(as discussed in section III.1 of this
document) because DOE has determined
that if the brightest preset picture setting
is identified with ABC disabled, then,
for consistency, its representative power
consumption in on mode must also be
measured with ABC disabled. Further,
the on mode test requirements specified
in ANSI/CTA–2037–D state that for
preset picture settings with ABC
enabled, on mode power consumption
can be measured at each of the room
illuminance levels, in addition to the
ABC off measurement point. Should
stakeholders be interested in the power
consumption with ABC enabled, these
values will be determined as part of the
test procedure, but for the calculation of
average on mode power consumption
and AEC, DOE is specifying that only
the ABC off measurement point be used
for the brightest preset picture setting.
Section III.I of this document discusses
the on mode power consumption and
AEC calculations for all other preset
picture settings and power modes,
respectively.
Section 10 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D
specifies the same requirements as those
specified in section 10 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C for the camera configuration
and UUT stabilization but additionally
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specifies that the camera photometer
must be powered on for at least 30
minutes prior to the final camera
configuration. Based on its participation
in the CTA standards development
process, DOE understands that this
requirement is intended to improve
repeatability and reproducibility, as the
camera requires a period of time to
‘‘warm up.’’
Additionally, as discussed during the
NOPR public meeting, section 11.1 of
ANSI/CTA–2037–D specifies on mode
test requirements, some of which are
similar to those specified in section 11.1
of ANSI/CTA–2037–C while other
requirements have been updated to
those that were under consideration at
the time of the NOPR public meeting.
Specifically, ANSI/CTA–2037–D
specifies that the UUT must be
stabilized by playing the first 5 minutes
of the IEC test clip until the average
power is within 2 percent of the
previous run. ANSI/CTA–2037–D
additionally specifies that for tests
conducted with ABC enabled, the UUT
shall have 1 minute to stabilize after the
room illuminance level has been
configured before starting each ABC
enabled test. Additionally, all preset
picture settings are tested at the default
backlight level with ABC disabled. For
preset picture settings with ABC
enabled, tests are conducted at room
illuminance levels of 140 lux, 50 lux, 17
lux, and 4 lux. For preset picture
settings with ABC disabled, tests are
conducted at the minimum backlight
and a backlight level that is
approximately halfway between default
and minimum backlight, as discussed
during the NOPR public meeting.
Finally, ANSI/CTA–2037–D also
finalized the requirement that if the
minimum backlight level is too dim to
view the IEC test clip’s countdown
timer, the backlight level can be
increased until the countdown timer is
visible and specifies that if a backlight
setting is not available, then the
backlight is adjusted via the brightness
or the luminance setting, as discussed
during the NOPR public meeting.
Based on its experience with testing
TVs, DOE has determined that the
additional stabilization period specified
in ANSI/CTA–2037–D at each room
illuminance level is crucial for
repeatability of test results as TVs
typically require some time to adjust to
changes in room illuminance and is not
unduly burdensome. DOE also expects
the clarifications specified regarding
how to adjust the backlight level will
ensure that a TV unit under test is
configured consistently during testing.
Accordingly, for the reasons discussed
here and, in the March 2022 NOPR,
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DOE amends the on mode test to
reference sections 10 and 11.1 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–D.
2. Luminance Test
Section 7.2 of appendix H specifies
the procedures for measuring the
luminance of the UUT by playing the
static IEC 3-bar, black-and-white image
and measuring the instantaneous
luminance. As discussed, ANSI/CTA–
2037–C specifies measuring the
dynamic luminance concurrently with
on mode power consumption in each
preset picture setting utilizing a camera
photometer, which provides more
representative results compared to a
single instantaneous luminance. As
such, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
proposed to reference ANSI/CTA–2037–
C for the on mode power consumption
and dynamic luminance measurement
and remove the separate luminance test
currently specified in section 7.2 of
appendix H. 87 FR 11892, 11909.
The CA IOUs recommended that DOE
address the significantly reduced
dynamic luminance values measured
using the camera photometer method
compared to the current Federal test
method’s spot measurements. The CA
IOUs also recommended that DOE
include luminance measurement using
both dynamic test clips and the existing
3-bar black-and-white test pattern,
stating that it is a better representation
of peak luminance. (CA IOUs, No. 19 at
p. 4)
DOE is aware that the dynamic
luminance values are lower than the
values measured by the instantaneous 3bar luminance method. This is because
dynamic luminance measures the
luminance of the TV screen when
playing the test clips, which includes
many different scenes with movement
and images that include a wide range of
different colors. Whereas, the static 3bar image displays a static pattern of
pure white and pure black bars, and
screen luminance at the location of the
pure white bar is measured. The
luminance of the static 3-bar image is
generally greater than the dynamic
luminance measurement because pure
white has the highest luminance
compared to any other color. However,
during representative consumer use, TV
screens do not display a static, purewhite image. Therefore, even though the
dynamic luminance values are lower,
this measurement is more representative
of consumer use. Furthermore, the
dynamic luminance yields a
measurement of power consumption
that directly corresponds to the
luminance of the screen during the test.
For these reasons, DOE is specifying
that dynamic luminance be measured
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concurrently with on mode power
consumption in lieu of performing a
separate static luminance measurement
test using the static 3-bar image.
For the reasons discussed here and, in
the March 2022 NOPR, DOE is finalizing
the removal of the luminance test
specified in appendix H and referencing
ANSI/CTA–2037–D for on mode power
consumption and dynamic luminance
measurement.
3. Standby Mode Test
Section 7.3 of appendix H specifies
the procedures for measuring the power
consumption of TVs in standby mode,
which encompasses standby-passive
mode and standby-active, low mode.
For conducting these tests, appendix
H specifies using the methodology
prescribed in section 5.3.1 of IEC 62301
Ed. 2.0, which states that standby mode
power consumption shall be determined
using one of three methods—sampling
method, average reading method, or
direct meter reading method.
Specifically, IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0 specifies
that the UUT must be energized for not
less than 15 minutes; data recorded in
the second two-thirds of the total test
duration is used to determine stability.
For input powers less than or equal to
1 watt, stability is established when a
linear regression through all power
readings for the second two-thirds of the
data has a slope of less than 10 milliwatts per hour (‘‘mW/h’’); for input
powers of more than 1 watt, stability is
established when a linear regression
through all power readings for the
second two-thirds of the data has a
slope of less than 1 percent of the
measured input power per hour. The
test duration is extended up to a
maximum of 3 hours until the stability
criteria are met. If stability cannot be
achieved within 3 hours, IEC 62301 Ed.
2.0 specifies assessing the raw data for
periodic or cyclic patterns to meet
different criteria specific to cyclic or
irregular power consumption patterns.
IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0 also specifies
additional requirements for different
scenarios, such as modes with cycle,
non-cyclic, unstable, or irregular power
consumption.
Section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C
specifies the procedures for performing
the standby mode test. As part of the
overall setup and configuration
requirements, the UUT is connected to
WAN, and up to three devices (i.e.,
smart speaker, mobile device, and
network traffic generator) are connected
to the same LAN, as discussed
previously in section III.G.6 of this
document. Section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C specifies that the standby-active
and standby-passive measurements
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16101
shall be conducted by powering down
the UUT from the SDR default preset
picture setting configuration. After the
UUT is powered down, power
consumption is measured at intervals of
1 second or shorter, and the test
concludes when the cumulative average
of all data points taken in the last third
of the measurement period falls within
± 1 percent or ± 10 milliwatts (‘‘mW’’)
of the average of the last two-thirds of
the total measurement period. The total
measurement period cannot be less than
60 minutes nor greater than 240
minutes. The standby power
measurement is the average power
reading during the last two-thirds of the
total measurement period. If a UUT does
not meet the stability criteria at the end
of 240 minutes, ANSI/CTA–2037–C
specifies reviewing the power trace for
any signs of unusual behavior, such as
an automatic update, and requires
repeating the test if atypical behavior
was observed. Depending on the
network capabilities of the UUT, the
measurement performed during the
standby test is recorded as either a
standby-active mode 19 measurement or
a standby-passive mode 20
measurement.
Accompanying the standby mode test,
section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C
additionally requires a series of ‘‘wake’’
commands to be sent from the specified
networking devices to the TV to verify
that the TV is properly connected to the
LAN and properly configured to
communicate with other devices on the
network. Section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C specifies how to wake the TV
using three possible wake commands:
WbRA, WoC, or WbS. To start the test,
the UUT is first powered down for 5
seconds and then powered on via one of
the three wake commands according to
the following hierarchy: WbS if
available, otherwise WoC, otherwise
WbRA (hereafter referred to as the ‘‘5second check test’’). The standby test is
then performed, as described in the
previous paragraph. Subsequently, at
the end of the standby mode test, the TV
must be woken using the same
hierarchy as was used during the initial
5-second check test.
19 Section 5.1 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C defines
standby-active mode as a partial on mode power
mode in which the UUT is connected to an external
power source and does not provide picture or
sound. The UUT can be switched into another
power mode with the remote control unit, an
internal signal, or an external signal.
20 Section 5.1 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C defines
standby-passive mode as a partial on mode power
mode in which the UUT is connected to an external
power source and does not provide picture or
sound. The UUT can be switched into another
power mode with the remote control unit or an
internal signal, but not with an external signal.
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As discussed in the March 2022
NOPR, the CTA working group was
considering certain revisions to the test
method for measuring power
consumption in standby mode. The
following paragraph enumerates the
revisions that were under consideration
by the working group for the standby
mode test. 87 FR 11892, 11910.
First, the CTA working group was
considering removing the requirement
that the UUT must be woken using the
smart wake devices at the end of the
standby mode test. Instead, the 5-second
check test is performed only once when
the UUT is first powered down for 5
seconds. If any or all of the configured
smart wake features fail the 5-second
check test, then they must remain
configured for the duration of the test.
Additionally, the working group was
considering three different parameters
to record the standby mode power
consumption, depending on the level of
functionality provided by the UUT in
standby mode. For UUTs with at least
one smart wake feature enabled, the
power consumption is recorded as
‘‘partial on mode with smart wake
enabled.’’ For UUTs with no advertised
or enabled smart wake features, the
power consumption is recorded as
‘‘partial on mode power with internet
connection’’ and for non-internet
connected UUTs, the power
consumption is recorded as ‘‘partial on
mode power without internet
connection.’’ Finally, the working group
was considering removing the wake
time test provisions since this
measurement is not repeatable because
it is dependent on how the TV is woken.
Id. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated
its concerns that if a TV cannot be
consistently woken at the end of the
standby mode test, the measurement
would not be representative of realworld use. Id.
Overall, DOE noted in the March 2022
NOPR that in some instances, neither
the standby mode measurement nor the
wake test was repeatable. Lacking
additional data, DOE proposed to
reference the requirement specified in
ANSI/CTA–2037–C, which specifies
that the wake test must be performed at
the end of the standby mode
measurement. Id.
Specifically, in the March 2022
NOPR, DOE proposed to reference
section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C for
the instructions to wake the UUT from
standby mode using network connected
devices, and section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C to conduct the standby mode
test. Specifically, DOE proposed that at
the end of the standby mode test, the
UUT must be woken using the smart
wake features (as is specified in section
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9.11 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C) in the
following order of preference: WbS,
WoC, and WbRA. If the UUT can be
powered on using any one of these
methods, its standby mode power
should be recorded as ‘‘standby power
with smart wake enabled.’’ However, if
the UUT cannot be powered on using
any of the three specified methods
either during the 5-second check test or
at the end of the standby mode test, the
measured standby mode power
consumption would be recorded as
‘‘standby power with internet
connection and without smart wake
enabled.’’ Id.
Similarly, DOE proposed that if the
UUT was powered on during the 5second check test but is unable to be
powered on via any of the network
connected devices at the end of the
standby mode test, the measured power
consumption would be recorded as
‘‘standby power with internet
connection and without smart wake
enabled.’’ Additionally, TVs that do not
have network capability would be
required to record the measured standby
power consumption as standby-passive
mode measurement. Id.
Additionally, section 11.2 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–C specifies that if a UUT
does not meet the stability criteria at the
end of the 240-minute measurement
period, the tester should review the
logged data for any signs of unusual
behavior—like that associated with the
TV performing an automatic update—
and redo the test if atypical behavior
was observed. Id. at 87 FR 11910–11911.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted
that section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C
did not provide instruction for how to
proceed if review of the logged data
does not show any signs of unusual
behavior. Id. at 87 FR 11911.
DOE additionally stated in the March
2022 NOPR that, during testing, it had
observed that some TVs do not meet the
stability criteria after 240 minutes
despite not exhibiting any unusual
behavior.
To accommodate TVs that do not
achieve stability after the end of the
specified 240-minute measurement
period, DOE proposed in the March
2022 NOPR that the stability
requirement be waived if the full 240
minutes conclude without meeting the
stability criteria. In such cases, DOE
proposed that the average power during
the last two-thirds of the measurement
period would be recorded as the
standby-active mode measurement. Id.
Finally, section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–C includes instruction to measure
the wake time when performing the
wake procedure following completion of
the standby mode test. In the March
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2022 NOPR, DOE noted that the CTA
working group was evaluating whether
the wake time test should be eliminated
from ANSI/CTA–2037–D. DOE
proposed to exclude the measurement of
wake time from the DOE test procedure,
because DOE tentatively concluded that
‘‘wake time’’ is a performance-related
feature that does not impact the energy
consumption of the UUT. Id.
DOE requested comment on several
topics pertaining to the standby mode
test requirements in the March 2022
NOPR. DOE requested stakeholders to
provide any additional data and
information regarding the repeatability
of the standby mode test when
connected to smart wake functions, the
ability to consistently wake the UUT
using smart wake functionality, and the
representativeness of the standby mode
test, if a wake test is not included at the
end of the standby mode duration. Id. at
87 FR 11910.
DOE also requested comment on its
proposal to reference section 11.2 of
ANSI/CTA–2037–C to measure the
power consumption in standby mode
with some additional specifications.
DOE also requested comment on its
proposal to reference section 9.11 of
ANSI/CTA–2037–C for conducting the
wake tests at the completion of standby
mode. Additionally, DOE requested
comment on the revisions that are under
consideration for the standby mode test
by the CTA working group. Id.
DOE also requested comment on
whether it is appropriate to differentiate
the standby mode power consumption
of TVs that can be powered on using
any of the three specified methods
versus those that cannot be powered on
using the smart wake features. DOE also
requested comment on whether there
would be any benefit to differentiating
between the power consumption of such
TVs. DOE requested comment on
whether the parameters ‘‘standby smart
wake’’ and ‘‘standby internet’’ are
appropriate or if it should consider
other parameters, such as ‘‘standbyactive, high’’ and ‘‘standby-active, low,’’
respectively. Id.
Finally, for TVs that do not meet the
stability criteria of the standby mode
measurement, DOE requested comment
on measuring power consumption for
240 minutes and using the average
power consumption over the last twothirds of the measurement period as the
standby-active mode measurement. Id.
at 87 FR 11911.
In the NOPR public meeting, NEEA
and PCL presented standby mode test
data to support reducing the standby
mode test time. Specifically, NEEA and
PCL presented data showing that most
TVs achieved stability within 40
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minutes and recommended reducing the
minimum test time from 60 minutes to
40 minutes. (Public Meeting Transcript,
No. 16 at p. 61–63) NEEA and PCL
additionally agreed with DOE’s proposal
to not retest a unit if it does not meet
the stability criteria at the end of the
240-minute test duration. (Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at p. 64)
In response to the March 2022 NOPR,
ASAP et al. encouraged DOE to monitor
standby testing results to ensure that
standby power measurements are both
repeatable and representative and
encouraged DOE to consider any
necessary modifications to the standby
testing methods as part of a future
rulemaking. (ASAP et al., No. 18 at p.
2) ComEd and NEEA stated that ANSI/
CTA–2037–D addresses the significant
increase in energy consumption driven
by smart wake features and, therefore,
supported the adoption of ANSI/CTA–
2037–D in the DOE test method.
(ComEd and NEEA, No. 20 at p. 2)
CTA et al. stated they are not aware
of any issues related to the repeatability
of the standby mode test when
connected to smart wake functions, the
ability to consistently wake the UUT
using smart wake functionality, or the
representativeness of the standby mode
test when a wake test is not included at
the end of the standby mode duration.
(CTA et al., No. 21 at pp. 15–16)
CTA et al. commented that DOE
should adopt the test procedure for
measuring standby power described in
section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D. CTA
et al. stated that DOE should not require
that wake tests be conducted at the
completion of standby mode tests
because the quick start test specified in
section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D runs
a wake time test and this test is
completed before standby mode and on
mode testing because quick start is
configured for these tests. (Id. at p. 16)
CTA et al. recommended that DOE
adopt ANSI/CTA–2037–D, including the
revisions made to the standby mode
test. CTA et al. also stated that these
revisions shorten the minimum test
period and widen the tolerance used to
determine if standby power
consumption is stable. (Id.) CTA et al.
additionally commented that DOE
should adopt the requirement in Annex
B of ANSI/CTA–2037–D that the smart
wake capability of the TV be reported
along with its standby power, asserting
that this would help consumers
compare between TVs. CTA et al.
commented that DOE should include
the parameters specified in ANSI/CTA–
2037–D to define the measured standby
power. These include ‘‘standby with
smart wake enabled,’’ ‘‘standby with
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internet connection,’’ or ‘‘standby
without internet connection.’’ (Id.)
CTA et al. also commented that using
the average power consumption of the
last two-thirds of the measurement
period in cases where the required
stability was not achieved is appropriate
but that at the time of filing comments,
the CTA working group had not yet
addressed this topic. (Id. at pp. 16–17)
ComEd and NEEA agreed with the
exclusion of the wake time test because,
according to ComEd and NEEA, the test
is problematic, time consuming, and
could yield misleading results. (ComEd
and NEEA, No. 20 at p. 4).
The CA IOUs recommended that DOE
include a wake time measurement as
specified in ANSI/CTA–2037–C to
encourage consumer adoption of smart
wake features. (CA IOUs, No. 19 at p. 4)
Section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D
specifies some updates to conduct the
standby mode measurement compared
to section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA–2037–C.
As noted by CTA et al., ANSI/CTA–
2037–D widens the tolerance to
determine if standby power
consumption is stable from ± 1 percent
or ± 10 mW to ± 1 percent or ± 50 mW,
whichever is greater. Given that the
measured standby mode power
consumption of many TVs is 1 watt or
less, DOE does not expect this change to
significantly impact measured results;
additionally, it is likely to reduce test
burden for units that have generally
stable standby mode power
consumption.
Further, ANSI/CTA–2037–D reduces
the shortest total measurement period
from 60 minutes to 40 minutes, as
recommended by NEEA and PCL during
the NOPR public meeting and by CTA
et al. in its comments. This requirement
does not change the measured standby
power; rather, it only reduces the test
duration for TVs that achieve stability
prior to 60 minutes, thereby reducing
test burden.
Additionally, ANSI/CTA–2037–D
aligns with DOE’s proposal in the March
2022 NOPR to not retest a unit if it does
not achieve the specified stability
requirements at the end of the standby
mode test. Specifically, ANSI/CTA–
2307–D specifies that if the stability
criteria is not achieved at 240 minutes,
which is the end of the standby mode
measurement period, then the data
collected shall be used for determining
average power, as if the UUT had met
the stability criteria at the 240th minute.
In this final rule, DOE is adopting
section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D for
the standby mode test conduct.
Similar to ANSI/CTA–2037,
accompanying the standby mode test,
section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D
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16103
specifies the smart wake functionality
that must be configured during both on
mode and standby mode tests. While the
general smart wake configuration
requirements between ANSI/CTA–
2037–C and ANSI/CTA–2037–D are the
same, ANSI/CTA–2037–D removes the
wake test at the end of the standby
mode test, which DOE had proposed to
include in the March 2022 NOPR.
However, as discussed in section III.G.6
of this document, section 9.9 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–D explains that testers
should confirm that they understand
how to configure smart wake features to
persist throughout the entire standby
mode test period for all UUT brands or
platforms that are tested. The
requirements in section 9.9 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–D generally ensure that
testing is conducted in the same
environment as that specified in ANSI/
CTA–2037–C.
Additionally, as proposed in the
March 2022 NOPR, ANSI/CTA–2037–D
specifies three different parameters to
record standby mode power
consumption, depending on the level of
functionality provided by the UUT in
standby mode. For UUTs with at least
one advertised smart wake feature, the
power consumption is recorded as
‘‘standby with smart wake enabled.’’
This label is even used for those TVs
that may not be able to wake using
smart wake features because, as
discussed in section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–D, this connection is maintained
during both on mode and standby mode.
For UUTs with no advertised or enabled
smart wake features, the power
consumption is recorded as ‘‘standby
with internet connection’’ and for noninternet connected UUTs, the power
consumption is recorded as ‘‘standby
without internet connection.’’ In this
final rule, DOE is adopting section 9.9
of ANSI/CTA–2037–D for the smart
wake features configuration and setup.
Finally, ANSI/CTA–2037–D does not
include the wake time test. DOE is also
not including the wake time test in this
final rule because ‘‘wake time’’ is a
performance related feature that does
not impact the energy consumption of
the UUT.
Although ANSI/CTA–2037–D does
not reference IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0, the
standby power measurement procedure
is consistent with the method outlined
in section 5.3 of IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0, with
the stability requirements adjusted
specifically for TVs and an additional
specification for minimum and
maximum test duration based on
expected TV behavior. Accordingly,
DOE has determined that the standby
power test method specified in ANSI/
CTA–2037–D is consistent with EPCA’s
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requirement under 42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(2)(A) which specifies that DOE
must consider the most current versions
of IEC 62301 and IEC 62087 for the
standby power requirements. Therefore,
in this final rule DOE amends the
standby mode requirements in appendix
H to sections 9.9 and 11.2 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–D.
4. Off Mode Test
Section 7.4 of appendix H references
IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0 for measuring the off
mode power consumption of TVs. In the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that
while ANSI/CTA–2037–C specifies the
same methodology to measure off mode
power consumption as that specified for
standby mode, the CTA working group
was considering removing the off mode
test. 87 FR 11892, 11911.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
proposed removing the existing off
mode test specified in appendix H
because TVs generally do not have an
off mode that is distinct from standby
mode. Id. DOE noted that even when a
TV is powered off using a remote, it
typically has some functionality
operational to be able to receive a signal
from the remote control or other device
to turn back on, which meets the
definition of standby mode rather than
off mode. Id. In the March 2022 NOPR,
DOE requested comment on its proposal
to remove the off mode test from
appendix H.
CTA et al. agreed that an off mode test
was not necessary and stated that ANSI/
CTA–2037–D does not include such a
test. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 17)
For the reasons discussed here and, in
the March 2022 NOPR, DOE is removing
the off mode test from appendix H.
I. Calculation of Annual Energy
Consumption
Section 8 of appendix H specifies the
calculation and rounding requirements
for AEC using the on and standby mode
power consumption measurements.
ANSI/CTA–2037–C does not contain an
equivalent section for the calculation of
AEC. Therefore, in the March 2022
NOPR, DOE proposed to retain the
current AEC calculation requirements in
appendix H but proposed certain
modifications consistent with the
proposed amendments to the on mode,
standby mode, and off mode tests. 87 FR
11892, 11911.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
proposed that the average on mode
power consumption be calculated as the
average of the on mode power in the
three preset picture settings: SDR
default, SDR brightest, and HDR10
default. If ABC is enabled for the SDR
or HDR10 default preset picture settings,
the power consumption at each of the
four room illuminance levels would be
used to determine the average power
consumption of the preset picture
setting. The equations below detail the
calculation of on mode power
consumption and AEC proposed in the
March 2022 NOPR. The calculation of
AEC is different from the current
calculation in appendix H primarily in
the value used for POn. Given that
appendix H specifies testing only the
default preset picture setting in on
mode, POn reflects the average power
consumption in that default preset
picture setting. However, in the March
2022 NOPR, DOE proposed testing three
preset picture settings for on mode
power consumption; therefore, POn
would be the average of the power
consumption in the tested preset picture
settings. Id.
Pon = (PDefault +PBrightest +PHDR10)/3
Where:
PDefault = the measured average power
consumption in the default SDR preset
picture setting, if ABC is disabled
Or
PDefault = (PDefault_140 + PDefault_50 + PDefault_17
+ PDefault_4)/4
if ABC is enabled by default in the
default SDR preset picture setting
and, PDefault_140, PDefault_50, PDefault_
17, and PDefault_4 are the average
power consumption values at room
illuminance levels of 140, 50, 17,
and 4 lux, respectively
PBrightest = the measured average power
consumption in the brightest SDR
preset picture setting
PHDR10 = the measured average power
consumption in the default HDR10
preset picture setting, if ABC is
disabled
Or
PHDR10 = (PHDR10_140 + PHDR10_50 +
PHDR10_17 + PHDR10_4)/4
if ABC is enabled by default in the
default HDR10 preset picture
setting and, PHDR10_140, PHDR10_50,
PHDR10_17, and PHDR10_4 are the
average power consumption values
at room illuminance levels of 140,
50, 17, and 4 lux, respectively
For standby mode, DOE proposed to
retain the same hours per day spent in
standby mode, but instead of standbyactive and standby-passive, as currently
specified in appendix H, DOE proposed
to use standby power with smart wake,
standby power with internet
connection, and standby-passive,
corresponding to the parameters DOE
proposed in the March 2022 NOPR. Id.
DOE chose to use these parameters
because standby-active does not
encompass the multiple different
standby states that modern TVs have.
Additionally, in the March 2022
NOPR, DOE proposed to retain the AEC
equation currently specified in
appendix H but to remove the off mode
parameter. Given that the current AEC
equation assigns 0 hours to off mode,
DOE proposed to retain the same
weighting factors for on and standby
modes.
The AEC equation proposed in the
March 2022 NOPR is presented below:
AEC = 365 * (Pon * Hon + Pstandby_smart_
wake * Hstandby_smart_wake + Pstandby_
internet * Hstandby_internet + Pstandby_passive
* Hstandby_passive)/1000
Where:
Pm = power measured in a given mode m (in
watts)
Hm = hours per day spent in mode m
365 = conversion factor from daily to yearly
1000 = conversion factor from watts to
kilowatts
And values for Hm are as specified in
Table III.2. Id.
TABLE III.2—HOURLY WEIGHTINGS
Hstandby_smart_
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Hon
Standby smart wake ........................................................................................
Standby internet ...............................................................................................
Standby-passive ..............................................................................................
In the NOPR public meeting, DOE
additionally clarified that it proposed to
include similar equations for calculating
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5
5
5
average dynamic luminance as the
equations for calculating on mode
power consumption. (Public Meeting
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Hstandby_internet
Hstandby_passive
0
19
0
0
0
19
19
0
0
Transcript, No. 16 at p. 47) DOE
additionally clarified that the on mode
power consumption is an average of the
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power consumption values for the
tested preset picture settings. That is, if
a TV does not support HDR10 and is not
tested in the HDR10 default preset
picture setting, then the on mode power
consumption would be the average of
the default and brightest preset picture
settings. (Id. at p. 32)
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
requested comment on its proposed
calculations for the average on mode
power consumption and AEC. 87 FR
11892, 11912.
The CA IOUs recommended that DOE
consider adopting a weighted luminous
efficacy metric to show consumers how
efficiently a TV converts power into
luminance. (CA IOUs, No. 19 at p. 2;
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at p.
45) The CA IOUs also recommended a
weighted average for the on mode power
consumption and provided data from a
market survey of 100 California
residents that showed that 26 percent of
TV operating hours were in the standard
preset picture setting and 48 percent of
TV operating hours were in the nonstandard preset picture setting (i.e.,
vivid/dynamic, natural, game, custom/
calibrated/user, other), which usually
have brighter displays.21 Based on a
market survey they conducted, the CA
IOUs recommended setting the weight
factors for luminance efficacy at 25
percent for standard preset picture
setting, 50 percent for brightest preset
picture setting, and 25 percent for HDR
preset picture setting. (CA IOUs, No. 19
at p. 2)
CTA et al. commented that DOE
should adopt the requirement in Annex
B of ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which
specifies the same AEC calculation as
that provided in the March 2022 NOPR.
(CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 17)
In this final rule, DOE has determined
not to specify a luminous efficacy
metric. DOE has determined that a
luminous efficacy metric would not
easily accommodate the combining of
on mode power consumption and
standby mode power consumption into
a single integrated metric, as required by
EPCA if technically feasible. (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(2)(A)) Additionally, use of a
luminous efficacy metric may not
encourage the use of ABC, which
reduces power consumption during
representative consumer use, because
the luminous efficacy of a TV with or
without ABC enabled would likely be
the same. This could have the
unintended consequence of increasing
overall TV energy consumption.
21 It is DOE’s understanding that ‘‘standard preset
picture setting’’ refers to the default preset picture
setting and ‘‘non-standard preset picture setting’’
refers to all other preset picture settings on the TV.
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Accordingly, DOE is specifying an AEC
metric and dynamic luminance metric,
as discussed.
Additionally, DOE is specifying a
simple average to calculate on mode
power consumption as opposed to a
weighted average, as recommended by
the CA IOUs. At this time, it is not
explicitly clear if the non-default preset
picture settings specified by the CA
IOUs do in fact consume more power
compared to the default preset picture
setting (which the brightest preset
picture setting is expected to do). In the
absence of any additional data regarding
power consumption of the non-default
SDR preset picture settings as well as
consumer usage of HDR10 preset picture
settings, DOE is adopting the simple
average calculation for on mode power
consumption and dynamic luminance.
Finally, as noted by CTA et al., Annex
A 22 of ANSI/CTA–2037–D includes the
same equations to calculate average on
mode power consumption and AEC as
those proposed by DOE in the March
2022 NOPR. Additionally, Annex A of
ANSI/CTA–2037–D includes an
equation to calculate dynamic
luminance, which is the same equation
as that specified to calculate average on
mode power consumption using
dynamic luminance values for each
preset picture setting.
In this final rule, DOE amends the
AEC calculation in appendix H, to
reference Annex A of ANSI/CTA–2037–
D.
J. Updates to the Regulatory Text at
Appendix H
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE’s
proposed amendments to appendix H in
the CFR referenced ANSI/CTA–2037–C
while retaining the overall structure and
headings from the current appendix H.
87 FR 11892, 11919–11921.
CTA et al. recommended that DOE
delete appendix H and revise 10 CFR
430.23 to reference only ANSI/CTA–
2037–D. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 6) CTA
et al. also commented that DOE should
include section 6 of ANSI/CTA–2037D
and the introductory texts in the
relevant sections of ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
(CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 8)
As discussed in the preceding
sections, DOE is amending appendix H
to replace the current regulatory text
and reference the relevant sections of
ANSI/CTA–2037–D in its place.
Accordingly, in this final rule, DOE is
modifying the overall structure of
appendix H to simplify the references to
ANSI/CTA–2037–D and to better match
22 While CTA et al. referenced Annex B in its
comments, the calculations are specified in Annex
A of ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
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the structure of ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
Additionally, because ANSI/CTA–2037–
D does not explicitly specify the
rounding requirements for standby
mode power consumption and dynamic
luminance, DOE is specifying these
requirements in section 4 of appendix
H.
K. Test Procedure Costs
In this final rule, DOE amends the
existing test procedure for TVs by
referencing ANSI/CTA–2037–D to
measure on mode dynamic screen
luminance and power consumption as
well as standby mode power
consumption. ANSI/CTA–2037–D has
several differences in testing TVs
compared to the current test method at
appendix H. Key differences include
testing three preset picture settings as
opposed to a single default picture
setting; measuring dynamic screen
luminance over the entire duration of
the test clip using a camera photometer
at the same time as on mode power
consumption measurement; using an
LED lamp setup at an angle of 45° for
testing TVs with ABC enabled by
default; and, testing on and standby
mode with an active internet connection
(i.e., WAN) and additionally connecting
the TV to other devices on LAN to wake
the TV from standby mode to on mode.
EPCA requires that test procedures
proposed by DOE not be unduly
burdensome to conduct. (42 U.S.C.
6293(b)(3)) The following sections
discuss DOE’s evaluation of estimated
costs associated with the amendments.
Given the new equipment, setup, and
testing requirements specified in ANSI/
CTA–2037–D, DOE estimated that TV
testing would have a one-time
equipment investment cost, a one-time
re-testing cost, and additional annual
testing costs for the TVs covered by the
amended test procedure.
To determine the potential costs
manufacturers would incur due to the
amended test procedure, DOE used data
from DOE’s publicly available
Compliance Certification Database
(‘‘CCD’’) to estimate the number of
unique basic models that are currently
covered by the existing DOE test
procedure. Based on data from DOE’s
CCD,23 DOE estimated there are
approximately 4,285 unique basic
models currently on the market. DOE
also estimated the amount of time it
would take manufacturers to test a
single TV unit to the amended test
23 U.S. Department of Energy’s Compliance
Certification Database. Television Sets. See https://
www.regulations.doe.gov/certification-data/CCMS4-Television_Sets.html#q=Product_Group_
s%3A%22Television%20Sets%22. Last accessed on
November 11, 2022.
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procedure, as well as the amount of time
it currently takes manufacturers to test
a single TV unit to the existing DOE test
procedure. In the March 2022 NOPR,
DOE estimated that the existing DOE
test procedure requires an average of 2.9
hours to conduct (ranging from 2.6 to
3.1 hours, depending on the specific
features of the TV), whereas the
proposed test procedure, which
referenced ANSI/CTA–2037–C, would
require an average of 4.4 hours to
conduct (ranging from 3.3 to 5.3 hours).
87 FR 11892, 11912
In response to the March 2022 NOPR,
CTA et al. commented that, compared to
the existing method for measuring TV
power consumption, ANSI/CTA–2037–
D requires new equipment and more
time for conducting the test. CTA et al.
also commented they have not found
the changes to be unduly burdensome,
especially given that ANSI/CTA–2037–
D reasonably and more accurately
reflects modern TV products and their
energy use. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 17)
The amended test procedure
references ANSI/CTA–2037–D, which is
largely the same as ANSI/CTA–2037–C
that was proposed in the March 2022
NOPR. ANSI/CTA–2037–D specifies a 1minute stabilization period for on mode
ABC testing, which would increase test
duration. However, ANSI/CTA–2037–D
also eliminates the wake time test and
decreases the minimum standby test
duration compared to ANSI/CTA–2037–
C. These updates are expected to, on
balance, not substantively alter the
overall test duration compared to the
estimates provided in the March 2022
NOPR. Accordingly, DOE’s test
procedure cost estimates for this
amended test procedure are the same as
those initially estimated in the March
2022 NOPR, updated to reflect current
wages and rates, as well as additional
models from the CCD.
Based on data from the Bureau of
Labor Statistics’ (‘‘BLS’s’’) Occupational
Employment and Wage Statistics, the
mean hourly wage for an electronics
technician is $33.21.24 Additionally,
DOE used data from BLS’s Employer
Costs for Employee Compensation to
estimate the percentage that wages
comprise of the total compensation for
an employee. DOE estimated that wages
make up 70.5 percent of the total
compensation for private industry
24 DOE
used the mean hourly wage of the ‘‘17–
3023 Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Technologists and Technicians’’ from the most
recent BLS Occupational Employment and Wage
Statistics (May 2021) to estimate the hourly wage
rate of a technician assumed to perform this testing.
See www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes173023.htm. Last
accessed on November 10, 2022.
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employees.25 Therefore, DOE estimated
that the total hourly compensation
(including all fringe benefits) of a
technician performing the testing is
$47.11.26 Using these labor rates and
time estimates, DOE estimated that it
would cost TV manufacturers on
average approximately $205.87 to
conduct a single test on a TV unit in
accordance with the amended test
procedure.27 DOE estimated that this is,
on average, approximately $70.19 more
than TV manufacturers are incurring to
conduct a single test on a TV in
accordance with the existing DOE test
procedure.28
TV manufacturers are required to test
at least two units per basic model.
Therefore, DOE estimates that it would
cost manufacturers approximately
$411.64 per basic model to test in
accordance with the amended test
procedure, which is on average
approximately $140.38 more per basic
model than TV manufacturers are
currently incurring to test a TV basic
model.
In addition to these testing costs, DOE
assumed that manufacturers would need
to purchase camera photometers to
conduct the amended test procedure.
DOE estimated that a camera
photometer costs approximately
$10,000.
The burden associated with amending
appendix H to reference ANSI/CTA–
2037–D is necessary in order to update
the test procedure to the industry
standard, which measures both power
and luminance simultaneously while
connected to a representative network.
In this final rule, DOE finalizes its
determination that the changes in test
duration and cost due to the
amendments adopted in the final rule
are not unduly burdensome.
L. Effective and Compliance Dates
The effective date for the adopted test
procedure amendment will be 30 days
after publication of this final rule in the
Federal Register. EPCA prescribes that,
if DOE amends a test procedure, all
representations of energy efficiency and
energy use, including those made on
marketing materials and product labels,
must be made in accordance with that
amended test procedure, beginning 180
days after publication of such a test
25 DOE used the June 2022 ‘‘Employer Costs for
Employee Compensation’’ to estimate that for
‘‘Private Industry Workers,’’ ‘‘Wages and Salaries’’
are 70.5 percent of the total employee
compensation. See www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/
ecec.pdf. Last accessed on November 10, 2022.
26 $33.21 ÷ 0.705 = $47.11.
27 4.37 hours × $47.11 = $205.87.
28 $205.87 ¥ (2.88 hours × $47.11) = $70.19.
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procedure final rule in the Federal
Register. (42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2))
EPCA provides an allowance for
individual manufacturers to petition
DOE for an extension of the 180-day
period if the manufacturer may
experience undue hardship in meeting
the deadline. (42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(3)) To
receive such an extension, petitions
must be filed with DOE no later than 60
days before the end of the 180-day
period and must detail how the
manufacturer will experience undue
hardship. (Id.)
IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory
Review
A. Review Under Executive Orders
12866 and 13563
Executive Order (‘‘E.O.’’) 12866,
‘‘Regulatory Planning and Review,’’ as
supplemented and reaffirmed by E.O.
13563, ‘‘Improving Regulation and
Regulatory Review, 76 FR 3821 (Jan. 21,
2011), requires agencies, to the extent
permitted by law, to (1) propose or
adopt a regulation only upon a reasoned
determination that its benefits justify its
costs (recognizing that some benefits
and costs are difficult to quantify); (2)
tailor regulations to impose the least
burden on society, consistent with
obtaining regulatory objectives, taking
into account, among other things, and to
the extent practicable, the costs of
cumulative regulations; (3) select, in
choosing among alternative regulatory
approaches, those approaches that
maximize net benefits (including
potential economic, environmental,
public health and safety, and other
advantages; distributive impacts; and
equity); (4) to the extent feasible, specify
performance objectives, rather than
specifying the behavior or manner of
compliance that regulated entities must
adopt; and (5) identify and assess
available alternatives to direct
regulation, including providing
economic incentives to encourage the
desired behavior, such as user fees or
marketable permits, or providing
information upon which choices can be
made by the public. DOE emphasizes as
well that E.O. 13563 requires agencies to
use the best available techniques to
quantify anticipated present and future
benefits and costs as accurately as
possible. In its guidance, the Office of
Information and Regulatory Affairs
(‘‘OIRA’’) in the Office of Management
and Budget (‘‘OMB’’) has emphasized
that such techniques may include
identifying changing future compliance
costs that might result from
technological innovation or anticipated
behavioral changes. For the reasons
stated in the preamble, this final
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regulatory action is consistent with
these principles.
Section 6(a) of E.O. 12866 also
requires agencies to submit ‘‘significant
regulatory actions’’ to OIRA for review.
OIRA has determined that this final
regulatory action does not constitute a
‘‘significant regulatory action’’ under
section 3(f) of E.O. 12866. Accordingly,
this action was not submitted to OIRA
for review under E.O. 12866.
B. Review Under the Regulatory
Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5
U.S.C. 601 et seq.) requires preparation
of a final regulatory flexibility analysis
(‘‘FRFA’’) for any final rule where the
agency was first required by law to
publish a proposed rule for public
comment, unless the agency certifies
that the rule, if promulgated, will not
have a significant economic impact on
a substantial number of small entities.
As required by Executive Order 13272,
‘‘Proper Consideration of Small Entities
in Agency Rulemaking,’’ 67 FR 53461
(Aug. 16, 2002), DOE published
procedures and policies on February 19,
2003, to ensure that the potential
impacts of its rules on small entities are
properly considered during the DOE
rulemaking process. 68 FR 7990. DOE
has made its procedures and policies
available on the Office of the General
Counsel’s website: www.energy.gov/gc/
office-general-counsel. DOE reviewed
this final rule under the provisions of
the Regulatory Flexibility Act and the
procedures and policies published on
February 19, 2003.
DOE has recently conducted a focused
inquiry into small business
manufacturers of the products covered
by this rulemaking. For manufacturers
of TVs, the Small Business
Administration (‘‘SBA’’) has set a size
threshold, which defines those entities
classified as ‘‘small businesses’’ for the
purposes of the statute. DOE used the
SBA’s small business size standards to
determine whether any small entities
would be subject to the requirements of
the rule. (See 13 CFR part 121.) The size
standards are listed by North American
Industry Classification System
(‘‘NAICS’’) code and industry
description and are available at
www.sba.gov/document/support—tablesize-standards. Manufacturing TVs is
classified under NAICS 334220, ‘‘radio
and television broadcasting and wireless
communications equipment
manufacturing.’’ The SBA sets a
threshold of 1,250 employees or fewer
for an entity to be considered as a small
business for this category.
DOE used available public
information to identify potential small
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manufacturers. DOE accessed the
Compliance Certification Database 29 to
create a list of companies that import or
otherwise manufacture the products
covered by this proposal. DOE
identified 33 unique companies that
manufacture TVs sold in the domestic
market. DOE screened out companies
that do not meet the SBA definition of
a small business and also those that are
entirely or largely foreign-owned and
operated. All 33 companies have more
than 1,250 employees or are owned and
operated outside the United States.
Therefore, DOE concludes that the
cost effects accruing from the final rule
would not have a ‘‘significant economic
impact on a substantial number of small
entities,’’ and that the preparation of a
FRFA is not warranted. DOE has
submitted a certification and supporting
statement of factual basis to the Chief
Counsel for Advocacy of the Small
Business Administration for review
under 5 U.S.C. 605(b).
C. Review Under the Paperwork
Reduction Act of 1995
Manufacturers of TVs must certify to
DOE that their products comply with
any applicable energy conservation
standards. To certify compliance,
manufacturers must first obtain test data
for their products according to the DOE
test procedures, including any
amendments adopted for those test
procedures. DOE has established
regulations for the certification and
recordkeeping requirements for all
covered consumer products and
commercial equipment, including TVs.
(See generally 10 CFR part 429.) The
collection-of-information requirement
for the certification and recordkeeping
is subject to review and approval by
OMB under the Paperwork Reduction
Act (‘‘PRA’’). This requirement has been
approved by OMB under OMB control
number 1910–1400. Public reporting
burden for the certification is estimated
to average 35 hours per response,
including the time for reviewing
instructions, searching existing data
sources, gathering and maintaining the
data needed, and completing and
reviewing the collection of information.
There is currently no energy
conservation standard for TVs. As such,
the amended test procedure adopted by
this final rule does not establish a
reporting requirement. In the event that
DOE proposes an energy conservation
standard for TVs with which
manufacturers must demonstrate
compliance, DOE will seek OMB
29 U.S. Department of Energy Compliance
Certification Management System, available at
www.regulations.doe.gov/ccms.
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approval of the associated information
collection requirement. DOE will seek
approval either through a proposed
amendment to the information
collection requirement approved under
OMB control number 1910–1400 or as a
separate proposed information
collection requirement.
Notwithstanding any other provision
of the law, no person is required to
respond to, nor shall any person be
subject to a penalty for failure to comply
with, a collection of information subject
to the requirements of the PRA, unless
that collection of information displays a
currently valid OMB Control Number.
D. Review Under the National
Environmental Policy Act of 1969
In this final rule, DOE establishes test
procedure amendments that it expects
will be used to develop and implement
future energy conservation standards for
TVs. DOE has determined that this rule
falls into a class of actions that are
categorically excluded from review
under the National Environmental
Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et
seq.) and DOE’s implementing
regulations at 10 CFR part 1021.
Specifically, DOE has determined that
adopting test procedures for measuring
energy efficiency of consumer products
and industrial equipment is consistent
with activities identified in 10 CFR part
1021, appendix A to subpart D, A5 and
A6. Accordingly, neither an
environmental assessment nor an
environmental impact statement is
required.
E. Review Under Executive Order 13132
Executive Order 13132, ‘‘Federalism,’’
64 FR 43255 (Aug. 4, 1999), imposes
certain requirements on agencies
formulating and implementing policies
or regulations that preempt State law or
that have federalism implications. The
Executive order requires agencies to
examine the constitutional and statutory
authority supporting any action that
would limit the policymaking discretion
of the States and to carefully assess the
necessity for such actions. The
Executive order also requires agencies to
have an accountable process to ensure
meaningful and timely input by State
and local officials in the development of
regulatory policies that have federalism
implications. On March 14, 2000, DOE
published a statement of policy
describing the intergovernmental
consultation process it will follow in the
development of such regulations. 65 FR
13735. DOE examined this final rule
and determined that it will not have a
substantial direct effect on the States, on
the relationship between the national
government and the States, or on the
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distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various
levels of government. EPCA governs and
prescribes Federal preemption of State
regulations as to energy conservation for
the products that are the subject of this
final rule. States can petition DOE for
exemption from such preemption to the
extent, and based on criteria, set forth in
EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6297(d)) No further
action is required by Executive Order
13132.
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F. Review Under Executive Order 12988
Regarding the review of existing
regulations and the promulgation of
new regulations, section 3(a) of
Executive Order 12988, ‘‘Civil Justice
Reform,’’ 61 FR 4729 (Feb. 7, 1996),
imposes on Federal agencies the general
duty to adhere to the following
requirements: (1) eliminate drafting
errors and ambiguity; (2) write
regulations to minimize litigation; (3)
provide a clear legal standard for
affected conduct rather than a general
standard; and (4) promote simplification
and burden reduction. Section 3(b) of
Executive Order 12988 specifically
requires that executive agencies make
every reasonable effort to ensure that the
regulation (1) clearly specifies the
preemptive effect, if any; (2) clearly
specifies any effect on existing Federal
law or regulation; (3) provides a clear
legal standard for affected conduct
while promoting simplification and
burden reduction; (4) specifies the
retroactive effect, if any; (5) adequately
defines key terms; and (6) addresses
other important issues affecting clarity
and general draftsmanship under any
guidelines issued by the Attorney
General. Section 3(c) of Executive Order
12988 requires Executive agencies to
review regulations in light of applicable
standards in sections 3(a) and 3(b) to
determine whether they are met or it is
unreasonable to meet one or more of
them. DOE has completed the required
review and determined that, to the
extent permitted by law, this final rule
meets the relevant standards of
Executive Order 12988.
G. Review Under the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995
Title II of the Unfunded Mandates
Reform Act of 1995 (‘‘UMRA’’) requires
each Federal agency to assess the effects
of Federal regulatory actions on State,
local, and Tribal governments and the
private sector. Public Law 104–4, sec.
201 (codified at 2 U.S.C. 1531). For a
regulatory action resulting in a rule that
may cause the expenditure by State,
local, and Tribal governments, in the
aggregate, or by the private sector of
$100 million or more in any one year
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(adjusted annually for inflation), section
202 of UMRA requires a Federal agency
to publish a written statement that
estimates the resulting costs, benefits,
and other effects on the national
economy. (2 U.S.C. 1532(a), (b)) The
UMRA also requires a Federal agency to
develop an effective process to permit
timely input by elected officers of State,
local, and Tribal governments on a
proposed ‘‘significant intergovernmental
mandate,’’ and requires an agency plan
for giving notice and opportunity for
timely input to potentially affected
small governments before establishing
any requirements that might
significantly or uniquely affect small
governments. On March 18, 1997, DOE
published a statement of policy on its
process for intergovernmental
consultation under UMRA. 62 FR
12820; also available at
www.energy.gov/gc/office-generalcounsel. DOE examined this final rule
according to UMRA and its statement of
policy and determined that the rule
contains neither an intergovernmental
mandate, nor a mandate that may result
in the expenditure of $100 million or
more in any year, so these requirements
do not apply.
H. Review Under the Treasury and
General Government Appropriations
Act, 1999
Section 654 of the Treasury and
General Government Appropriations
Act, 1999 (Pub. L. 105–277) requires
Federal agencies to issue a Family
Policymaking Assessment for any rule
that may affect family well-being. This
final rule will not have any impact on
the autonomy or integrity of the family
as an institution. Accordingly, DOE has
concluded that it is not necessary to
prepare a Family Policymaking
Assessment.
I. Review Under Executive Order 12630
DOE has determined, under Executive
Order 12630, ‘‘Governmental Actions
and Interference with Constitutionally
Protected Property Rights’’ 53 FR 8859
(March 18, 1988), that this regulation
will not result in any takings that might
require compensation under the Fifth
Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
J. Review Under Treasury and General
Government Appropriations Act, 2001
Section 515 of the Treasury and
General Government Appropriations
Act, 2001 (44 U.S.C. 3516 note) provides
for agencies to review most
disseminations of information to the
public under guidelines established by
each agency pursuant to general
guidelines issued by OMB. OMB’s
guidelines were published at 67 FR
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8452 (Feb. 22, 2002), and DOE’s
guidelines were published at 67 FR
62446 (Oct. 7, 2002). Pursuant to OMB
Memorandum M–19–15, Improving
Implementation of the Information
Quality Act (April 24, 2019), DOE
published updated guidelines which are
available at www.energy.gov/sites/prod/
files/2019/12/f70/DOE%20Final
%20Updated%20IQA%20
Guidelines%20Dec%202019.pdf. DOE
has reviewed this final rule under the
OMB and DOE guidelines and has
concluded that it is consistent with
applicable policies in those guidelines.
K. Review Under Executive Order 13211
Executive Order 13211, ‘‘Actions
Concerning Regulations That
Significantly Affect Energy Supply,
Distribution, or Use,’’ 66 FR 28355 (May
22, 2001), requires Federal agencies to
prepare and submit to OMB, a
Statement of Energy Effects for any
significant energy action. A ‘‘significant
energy action’’ is defined as any action
by an agency that promulgated or is
expected to lead to promulgation of a
final rule, and that (1) is a significant
regulatory action under Executive Order
12866, or any successor order; and (2)
is likely to have a significant adverse
effect on the supply, distribution, or use
of energy; or (3) is designated by the
Administrator of OIRA as a significant
energy action. For any significant energy
action, the agency must give a detailed
statement of any adverse effects on
energy supply, distribution, or use if the
regulation is implemented, and of
reasonable alternatives to the action and
their expected benefits on energy
supply, distribution, and use.
This regulatory action is not a
significant regulatory action under
Executive Order 12866. Moreover, it
will not have a significant adverse effect
on the supply, distribution, or use of
energy, nor has it been designated as a
significant energy action by the
Administrator of OIRA. Therefore, it is
not a significant energy action, and,
accordingly, DOE has not prepared a
Statement of Energy Effects.
L. Review Under Section 32 of the
Federal Energy Administration Act of
1974
Under section 301 of the Department
of Energy Organization Act (Pub. L. 95–
91; 42 U.S.C. 7101), DOE must comply
with section 32 of the Federal Energy
Administration Act of 1974, as amended
by the Federal Energy Administration
Authorization Act of 1977. (15 U.S.C.
788; ‘‘FEAA’’) Section 32 essentially
provides in relevant part that, where a
proposed rule authorizes or requires use
of commercial standards, the notice of
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proposed rulemaking must inform the
public of the use and background of
such standards. In addition, section
32(c) requires DOE to consult with the
Attorney General and the Chairman of
the Federal Trade Commission (‘‘FTC’’)
concerning the impact of the
commercial or industry standards on
competition.
The modifications to the test
procedure for TVs adopted in this final
rule incorporate testing methods
contained in certain sections of the
following commercial standard: ANSI/
CTA–2037–D. DOE has evaluated this
standard and is unable to conclude
whether it fully complies with the
requirements of section 32(b) of the
FEAA (i.e., whether it was developed in
a manner that fully provides for public
participation, comment, and review.)
DOE has consulted with both the
Attorney General and the Chairman of
the FTC about the impact on
competition of using the methods
contained in these standards and has
received no comments objecting to their
use.
M. Congressional Notification
As required by 5 U.S.C. 801, DOE will
report to Congress on the promulgation
of this rule before its effective date. The
report will state that it has been
determined that the rule is not a ‘‘major
rule’’ as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).
N. Description of Materials Incorporated
by Reference
ANSI/CTA–2037–D is an industry
accepted test standard that measures on
mode and standby mode TV power
consumption. Specifically, the test
procedure codified by this final rule
references ANSI/CTA–2037–D for
testing the on mode and standby mode
of TVs. ANSI/CTA–2037–D is
reasonably available from CTA
(www.cta.tech).
V. Approval of the Office of the
Secretary
The Secretary of Energy has approved
publication of this final rule.
List of Subjects
lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2
10 CFR Part 429
Administrative practice and
procedure, Energy conservation,
Household appliances,
Intergovernmental relations, Reporting
and recordkeeping requirements, Small
businesses.
10 CFR Part 430
Administrative practice and
procedure, Energy conservation,
Household appliances, Incorporation by
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18:34 Mar 14, 2023
Jkt 259001
reference, Intergovernmental relations,
Small businesses.
Signing Authority
This document of the Department of
Energy was signed on February 21,
2023, by Francisco Alejandro Moreno,
Acting Assistant Secretary for Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy,
pursuant to delegated authority from the
Secretary of Energy. That document
with the original signature and date is
maintained by DOE. For administrative
purposes only, and in compliance with
requirements of the Office of the Federal
Register, the undersigned DOE Federal
Register Liaison Officer has been
authorized to sign and submit the
document in electronic format for
publication, as an official document of
the Department of Energy. This
administrative process in no way alters
the legal effect of this document upon
publication in the Federal Register.
Signed in Washington, DC, on February 22,
2023.
Treena V. Garrett,
Federal Register Liaison Officer, U.S.
Department of Energy.
For the reasons stated in the
preamble, DOE amends parts 429 and
430 of chapter II of title 10, Code of
Federal Regulations as set forth below:
PART 429—CERTIFICATION,
COMPLIANCE, AND ENFORCEMENT
FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS AND
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL
EQUIPMENT
1. The authority citation for part 429
continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291–6317; 28 U.S.C.
2461 note.
2. Amend § 429.25 by revising
paragraphs (a)(2)(ii) and (a)(2)(iii)(A)
and (B) to read as follows:
■
§ 429.25
Television sets.
(a) * * *
(2) * * *
(ii) Any represented annual energy
consumption of a basic model shall be
determined by applying the AEC
calculation in section 4 of appendix H
to subpart B of part 430 of this chapter
to the represented values of power
consumption as calculated pursuant to
paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this section.
(iii) * * *
(A) For power consumption in the on
and standby modes, the represented
value shall be rounded according to the
requirements specified in sections 4.1
and 4.3 of appendix H to subpart B of
part 430 of this chapter.
(B) For annual energy consumption,
the represented value shall be rounded
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16109
according to the requirements specified
in section 3.4 of appendix H to subpart
B of part 430 of this chapter.
*
*
*
*
*
PART 430—ENERGY CONSERVATION
PROGRAM FOR CONSUMER
PRODUCTS
3. The authority citation for part 430
continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291–6309; 28 U.S.C.
2461 note.
4. Amend § 430.3 by:
a. Redesignating paragraphs (n)
through (w) as paragraphs (o) through
(x), respectively;
■ b. Adding new paragraph (n);
■ c. Removing newly redesignated
paragraph (q)(5) and redesignating
paragraphs (q)(6) through (10) as
paragraphs (q)(5) through (9),
respectively; and
■ d. In newly redesignated paragraph
(q)(6), removing the text ‘‘G, H, I’’ and
adding in its place ‘‘G, I’’.
The addition reads as follows:
■
■
§ 430.3 Materials incorporated by
reference.
*
*
*
*
*
(n) CTA. Consumer Technology
Association, 1919 S. Eads Street,
Arlington, VA 22202; 703–907–7600;
www.cta.tech.
(1) ANSI/CTA–2037–D,
Determination of Television Set Power
Consumption, September 2022; IBR
approved for appendix H to subpart B.
(2) [Reserved]
*
*
*
*
*
■ 5. Amend § 430.23 by revising
paragraph (h) to read as follows:
§ 430.23 Test procedures for the
measurement of energy and water
consumption.
*
*
*
*
*
(h) Television sets. The power
consumption of a television set,
expressed in watts, including on and
standby modes, shall be determined in
accordance with sections 3 and 4 of
appendix H of this subpart respectively.
The annual energy consumption,
expressed in kilowatt-hours per year,
shall be determined in accordance with
section 4 of appendix H of this subpart.
*
*
*
*
*
■ 6. Revise Appendix H to subpart B of
part 430 to read as follows:
Appendix H to Subpart B of Part 430—
Uniform Test Method for Measuring the
Power Consumption of Television Sets
Note: On or after April 14, 2023 and prior
to September 11, 2023, any representations
made with respect to the energy use or
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Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 50 / Wednesday, March 15, 2023 / Rules and Regulations
energy efficiency of a television must be
based upon results generated under this
appendix as it appeared in 10 CFR part 430
edition revised as of January 1, 2023, or this
appendix. Beginning September 11, 2023 any
representations made with respect to the
energy use or efficiency of a television must
be based upon results generated under this
appendix. Given that beginning September
11, 2023, representations with respect to the
energy use or efficiency of televisions must
be made in accordance with tests conducted
pursuant to this appendix, manufacturers
may wish to begin using this test procedure
as soon as possible.
0. Incorporation by Reference
DOE incorporated by reference in § 430.3,
ANSI/CTA–2037–D in its entirety. However,
only enumerated provisions of ANSI/CTA–
2037–D are applicable to this appendix, as
follows:
0.1 ANSI/CTA–2037–D
(a) Section 5 as referenced in section 2 of
this appendix;
(b) Sections 6 and 8 through 11 as
referenced in section 3 of this appendix;
(c) Section 7 as referenced in sections 3
and 4 of this appendix; and
(d) Annex A as referenced in section 4 of
this appendix.
0.2 [Reserved]
lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2
1. Scope
This appendix covers the test requirements
used to measure the energy and power
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consumption of television sets that have a
diagonal screen size of at least fifteen inches;
and are powered by mains power (including
TVs with auxiliary batteries but not TVs with
main batteries).
2. Definitions and Symbols
2.1. Definitions. The following terms are
defined according to section 5.1 of ANSI/
CTA–2037–D.
(a) Annual energy consumption
(b) Automatic brightness control
(c) Brightest selectable picture setting
(d) Default preset picture setting
(e) Dynamic Luminance
(f) Energy-Efficient-Ethernet
(g) Filmmaker Mode
(h) Forced menu
(i) Gloss Unit (GU)
(j) HDR10
(k) High Dynamic Range
(l) Home configuration
(m) Hybrid Log Gamma (HLG)
(n) Illuminance
(o) International System of Units
(p) Luminance
(q) Main battery
(r) Motion-Based Dynamic Dimming
(s) Neutral density filter
(t) Off Mode
(u) On Mode
(v) Perceptual Quantization Video
(w) Preset picture setting
(x) Quick start
(y) Retail Configuration
(z) Snoot
(aa) Software
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(ab) Wake-By-Remote-Control-App
(ac) Wake-By-Smart-Speaker
(ad) Wake-On-Cast
2.2. Symbol usage. The symbols and
abbreviations in section 5.2 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–D apply to this test procedure.
3. Test Conduct
Determine the dynamic luminance and on
mode and standby mode power consumption
of TVs by following the procedure specified
in sections 6 through 11 of ANSI/CTA–2037–
D.
4. Calculation of Measured Values
Calculate the on mode power
consumption, dynamic luminance, standby
mode power consumption, and annual
energy consumption as specified in Annex A
of ANSI/CTA–2037–D. The following
additional requirements are also applicable.
4.1. Round on mode power value as
specified in Annex A of ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
4.2. Round dynamic luminance to the
nearest tenth.
4.3. Round standby mode power as
specified in section 7.1.2 of ANSI/CTA–
2037–D.
4.4. Round annual energy consumption as
specified in Annex A of ANSI/CTA–2037–D.
[FR Doc. 2023–03986 Filed 3–14–23; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6450–01–P
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]]>Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 88, Number 50 (Wednesday, March 15, 2023)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 16082-16110]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2023-03986]
[[Page 16081]]
Vol. 88
Wednesday,
No. 50
March 15, 2023
Part II
Department of Energy
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
10 CFR Parts 429 and 430
Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedure for Television Sets; Final
Rule
Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 50 / Wednesday, March 15, 2023 /
Rules and Regulations
[[Page 16082]]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
10 CFR Parts 429 and 430
[EERE-2016-BT-TP-0023]
RIN 1904-AD70
Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedure for Television Sets
AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of
Energy.
ACTION: Final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: This final rule amends the test procedure for television sets
to incorporate by reference the relevant updated industry standard. The
Department of Energy (``DOE'') has determined that incorporating the
updated industry standard will result in a test procedure that is more
representative of the average energy use of television sets.
DATES: The effective date of this rule is April 14, 2023. The
amendments will be mandatory for product testing starting September 11,
2023.
The incorporation by reference of certain materials listed in the
rule is approved by the Director of the Federal Register on April 14,
2023.
ADDRESSES: The docket, which includes Federal Register notices, public
meeting attendee lists and transcripts, comments, and other supporting
documents/materials, is available for review at www.regulations.gov.
All documents in the docket are listed in the www.regulations.gov
index. However, not all documents listed in the index may be publicly
available, such as those containing information that is exempt from
public disclosure.
A link to the docket web page can be found at www.regulations.gov/docket/EERE-2016-BT-TP-0023. The docket web page contains instructions
on how to access all documents, including public comments, in the
docket.
For further information on how to review the docket, contact the
Appliance and Equipment Standards Program staff at (202) 287-1445 or by
email: [email protected].
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. Jeremy Dommu, U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building
Technologies Office, EE-2J, 1000 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC
20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 506-9870. Email:
[email protected].
Ms. Celia Sher, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of the General
Counsel, GC-33, 1000 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20585-0121.
Telephone: (202) 287-6122. Email: [email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: DOE incorporates by reference the following
industry standard into 10 CFR part 430:
ANSI/CTA-2037-D, ``Determination of Television Set Power
Consumption,'' September 2022.
Copies of ANSI/CTA-2037-D can be obtained from: Consumer Technology
Association, 1919 S Eads Street, Arlington, VA 22202. Telephone: (703)
907-7600, or by going to www.cta.tech.
For a further discussion of this standard, see section IV.N of this
document.
Table of Contents
I. Authority and Background
A. Authority
B. Background
II. Synopsis of the Final Rule
III. Discussion
A. General Comments
B. Scope of Applicability
C. Updates to Industry Standards
D. Definitions
E. Test Equipment
1. Power Supply
2. Power Meter
3. Luminance Meter
4. Illuminance Meter
5. Video Input Device
6. Light Source for ABC Testing
F. Test Room Setup
1. Room Ambient Conditions
2. Room Illuminance Level
3. UUT Installation and Placement
G. Test Configuration
1. Configuration of Special Functions
2. Media Player Setup and Connection
3. Test Clips
4. Preset Picture Settings for On Mode Tests
5. Sound Level
6. Network Configuration
H. Test Conduct
1. On Mode Test
2. Luminance Test
3. Standby Mode Test
4. Off Mode Test
I. Calculation of Annual Energy Consumption
J. Updates to the Regulatory Text at Appendix H
K. Test Procedure Costs
L. Effective and Compliance Dates
IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review
A. Review Under Executive Orders 12866 and 13563
B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act
C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
D. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969
E. Review Under Executive Order 13132
F. Review Under Executive Order 12988
G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
H. Review Under the Treasury and General Government
Appropriations Act, 1999
I. Review Under Executive Order 12630
J. Review Under Treasury and General Government Appropriations
Act, 2001
K. Review Under Executive Order 13211
L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration
Act of 1974
M. Congressional Notification
N. Description of Materials Incorporated by Reference
V. Approval of the Office of the Secretary
I. Authority and Background
Television sets (``TVs'') are included in the list of ``covered
products'' for which DOE is authorized to establish and amend test
procedures. (42 U.S.C. 6292(a)(12)) DOE's current test procedure for
TVs is codified at title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations
(``CFR'') part 430, subpart B, appendix H, ``Uniform Test Method for
Measuring the Power Consumption of Television Sets'' (``appendix H'').
DOE has not established energy conservation standards for TVs. The
following sections discuss DOE's authority to establish the test
procedure for TVs and relevant background information regarding DOE's
consideration of the test procedure for this product.
A. Authority
The Energy Policy and Conservation Act, Public Law 94-163, as
amended (``EPCA''),\1\ authorizes DOE to regulate the energy efficiency
of a number of consumer products and certain industrial equipment. (42
U.S.C. 6291-6317) Title III, Part B \2\ of EPCA established the Energy
Conservation Program for Consumer Products Other Than Automobiles,
which sets forth a variety of provisions designed to improve energy
efficiency. These products include TVs, the subject of this document.
(42 U.S.C. 6292(a)(12))
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ All references to EPCA in this document refer to the statute
as amended through the Energy Act of 2020, Public Law 116-260 (Dec.
27, 2020), which reflect the last statutory amendments that impact
Parts A and A-1 of EPCA.
\2\ For editorial reasons, upon codification in the U.S. Code,
Part B was redesignated Part A.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The energy conservation program under EPCA consists essentially of
four parts: (1) testing, (2) labeling, (3) Federal energy conservation
standards, and (4) certification and enforcement procedures. Relevant
provisions of EPCA specifically include definitions (42 U.S.C. 6291),
test procedures (42 U.S.C. 6293), labeling provisions (42 U.S.C. 6294),
energy conservation standards (42 U.S.C. 6295), and the authority to
require information and reports from manufacturers (42 U.S.C. 6296).
The testing requirements consist of test procedures that
manufacturers of covered products must use as the basis
[[Page 16083]]
for (1) certifying to DOE that their products comply with the
applicable energy conservation standards adopted pursuant to EPCA (42
U.S.C. 6295(s)), and (2) making representations about the efficiency of
those consumer products (42 U.S.C. 6293(c)). Similarly, DOE must use
these test procedures to determine whether the products comply with
relevant standards promulgated under EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6295(s))
Federal energy efficiency requirements for covered products
established under EPCA generally supersede State laws and regulations
concerning energy conservation testing, labeling, and standards. (42
U.S.C. 6297) DOE may, however, grant waivers of Federal preemption for
particular State laws or regulations, in accordance with the procedures
and other provisions of EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6297(d))
Under 42 U.S.C. 6293, EPCA sets forth the criteria and procedures
DOE must follow when prescribing or amending test procedures for
covered products. EPCA requires that any test procedures prescribed or
amended under this section be reasonably designed to produce test
results which measure energy efficiency, energy use, or estimated
annual operating cost of a covered product during a representative
average use cycle or period of use and not be unduly burdensome to
conduct. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3)) EPCA also requires that, at least once
every 7 years, DOE evaluate test procedures for each type of covered
product, including TVs, to determine whether amended test procedures
would more accurately or fully comply with the requirements for the
test procedures to not be unduly burdensome to conduct and be
reasonably designed to produce test results that reflect energy
efficiency, energy use, and estimated operating costs during a
representative average use cycle or period of use. (42 U.S.C.
6293(b)(1)(A))
If the Secretary determines, on her own behalf or in response to a
petition by any interested person, that a test procedure should be
prescribed or amended, the Secretary shall promptly publish in the
Federal Register proposed test procedures and afford interested persons
an opportunity to present oral and written data, views, and arguments
with respect to such procedures. The comment period on a proposed rule
to amend a test procedure shall be at least 60 days and may not exceed
270 days. In prescribing or amending a test procedure, the Secretary
shall take into account such information as the Secretary determines
relevant to such procedure, including technological developments
relating to energy use or energy efficiency of the type (or class) of
covered products involved. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(2)) If DOE determines
that test procedure revisions are not appropriate, DOE must publish its
determination not to amend the test procedures.
In addition, EPCA requires that DOE amend its test procedures for
all covered products to integrate measures of standby mode and off mode
energy consumption into the overall energy efficiency, energy
consumption, or other energy descriptor, unless the current test
procedure already incorporates the standby mode and off mode energy
consumption, or if such integration is technically infeasible. (42
U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A)) If an integrated test procedure is technically
infeasible, DOE must prescribe separate standby mode and off mode
energy use test procedures for the covered product, if a separate test
is technically feasible. (Id.) Any such amendment must consider the
most current versions of the International Electrotechnical Commission
(``IEC'') Standard 62301 \3\ and IEC Standard 62087 \4\ as applicable.
(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A))
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ IEC 62301, Household electrical appliances--Measurement of
standby power (Edition 2.0, 2011-01).
\4\ IEC 62087, Audio, video and related equipment--Methods of
measurement for power consumption (Edition 1.0, Parts 1-6: 2015,
Part 7: 2018).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DOE is publishing this final rule in satisfaction of the 7-year
review requirement specified in EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(1)(A))
B. Background
DOE most recently amended its TV test procedure in a final rule
published on October 25, 2013 (``October 2013 final rule''). 78 FR
63823. The current DOE test procedure includes methods for measuring TV
power consumption in active mode (i.e., on mode), standby mode, and off
mode; TV screen luminance; and the annual energy consumption (``AEC'')
of TVs. As part of the on mode testing, DOE adopted the use of IEC
Standard 62087, Edition 3.0, 2011-04, ``Methods of measurement for the
power consumption of audio, video, and related equipment'' (``IEC
62087:2011''). IEC 62087:2011 includes a video test clip on a DVD and
Blu-ray DiscTM to be used when conducting on mode testing
(``IEC test clip''), as well as a static, black-and-white 3-bar image
for measuring screen luminance.
DOE notes that it does not currently prescribe energy conservation
standards for TVs. However, DOE's test procedure for TVs provides the
basis for qualification criteria established by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's (``EPA'') ENERGY STAR program. Additionally, DOE
does not specify any certification requirements for TVs at 10 CFR
429.25. However, the Federal Trade Commission (``FTC'') requires
manufacturers of TVs to submit annually a report containing the brand
name; model number; screen size (diagonal in inches); power (in watts)
consumed in on mode, standby-passive mode, standby-active mode, low
mode, and off mode; and annual energy consumption (kWh/year) for each
basic model in current production among other model identifiers. 16 CFR
305.11(3). FTC allows this information to be submitted to DOE via the
Compliance and Certification Management System in lieu of submitting
the required information to FTC. Id. Therefore, although DOE has not
established energy conservation standards or certification requirements
for TVs at this time, DOE's test procedure is currently used by other
agencies for voluntary representations of TV energy consumption and
reporting requirements for the EnergyGuide label.
On June 24, 2016, DOE published in the Federal Register a request
for information (``June 2016 RFI'') to consider whether revisions were
needed to the existing TV test procedure. 81 FR 41262. Specifically,
DOE noted in the June 2016 RFI that it found certain TVs consistently
demonstrated decreased power use when displaying the IEC test clip as
compared to other test clips and requested comments, information, and
data on: the use of the IEC test clip or other test clips; whether the
current luminance test, which uses a static 3-bar image to measure
screen luminance, was representative of an average cycle or period of
use, or alternative luminance tests that should be considered; and the
default settings of a TV and changes to the default settings and
special functions by consumers. Id. at 81 FR 41277.
Following the publication of the June 2016 RFI, on January 19,
2017, DOE posted a pre-publication advance notice of proposed
rulemaking (``January 2017 pre-publication ANOPR''),\5\ which described
potential amendments to the TV test procedure that would address the
issues discussed in the June 2016 RFI as well as a number of other
issues, including the configuration of special functions during
testing, performing system updates prior to testing, and incorporating
updated industry test
[[Page 16084]]
procedures.\6\ (January 2017 pre-publication ANOPR at pp. 6-10) The
January 2017 pre-publication ANOPR was intended to assist DOE in
determining whether amendments were needed to ensure that the TV test
procedure produces results that are representative of an average use
cycle or period of use. (Id. at p. 5) The January 2017 pre-publication
ANOPR was also intended to facilitate discussion, solicit feedback, and
provide input to industry consensus standards-setting bodies regarding
modifications that DOE was considering so that these other
organizations can be apprised of DOE's considerations as they undertook
their own revisions. (Id. at p. 6)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\5\ The January 2017 pre-publication ANOPR is available at
www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2017/01/f34/tv_tp_anopr_2017-1-19_4.pdf.
\6\ The January 2017 pre-publication ANOPR was not subsequently
published in the Federal Register due to the Regulatory Freeze
Pending Review published on January 24, 2017. 82 FR 8346.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subsequently, in October 2021, the Consumer Technology Association
(``CTA'') published an update to its TV power measurement standard,
``Determination of Television Set Power Consumption,'' American
National Standards Institute (``ANSI'')/CTA-2037-C (``ANSI/CTA-2037-
C''). Thereafter, DOE published a notice of proposed rulemaking
(``NOPR'') for the TV test procedure on March 2, 2022 (``March 2022
NOPR''), addressing comments in response to the June 2016 RFI and
presenting DOE's proposals to amend its test procedure for TVs. 87 FR
11892. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE tentatively determined that ANSI/
CTA-2037-C addressed many of the concerns DOE raised in the June 2016
RFI relating to configuration of special functions and screen
luminance. Id. at 87 FR 11895. DOE initially determined that ANSI/CTA-
2037-C was consistent with the existing metrics and approach
incorporated in the currently applicable TV test procedure at appendix
H, while also incorporating provisions that addressed current industry
trends and improved the accuracy and repeatability of the test
procedure. Id. DOE additionally noted that ANSI/CTA-2037-C adopted
several changes that were suggested in public comments submitted by
interested parties in response to DOE's June 2016 RFI. Id. These
changes related to network configuration, standby mode test, test
clips, etc. DOE participated in the CTA standards development process,
including providing input and participating in round robin testing to
evaluate the CTA standard while under development. A test report
detailing the results of the round robin testing is available at the
ENERGY STAR website \7\ (``round robin test report'').\8\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\7\ ENERGY STAR V. 9.0, which went into effect in October 2022,
was under development at the time of publication of the round robin
test report. DOE supported EPA to revise the ENERGY STAR test method
for TVs and conducted round robin testing to support this effort.
\8\ Televisions Test Report, April 12, 2021. Available at
www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/ENERGY%20STAR%20TVs%20Test%20Report%20-%20April%202021.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE additionally noted that the CTA-2037
working group (``CTA working group'') was reviewing ANSI/CTA-2037-C at
that time to determine if any revisions were necessary. Id. at 87 FR
11897. DOE stated that should a revised version, ANSI/CTA-2037-D,
publish prior to the publication of a final DOE TV test procedure rule,
DOE would consider stakeholder feedback and incorporate by reference
ANSI/CTA-2037-D in the final rule, provided that the updates in ANSI/
CTA-2037-D are consistent with the provisions DOE proposed in the March
2022 NOPR or the updates are related to topics that DOE discussed and
solicited comments on in the March 2022 NOPR. Id. Since publication of
the March 2022 NOPR, CTA published an additional update to its TV power
measurement standard, ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which is substantively the same
as ANSI/CTA-2037-C but has some subtle differences, which are discussed
throughout section III of this document. DOE has determined that ANSI/
CTA-2037-D is an appropriate standard to reference to measure TV screen
luminance and power consumption and incorporates ANSI/CTA-2037-D by
reference in this final rule.
DOE held a public meeting related to the March 2022 NOPR on April
6, 2022 (hereafter, the ``NOPR public meeting'').
DOE received comments in response to the March 2022 NOPR from the
interested parties listed in Table I.1.
Table I.1--List of Commenters With Written Submissions in Response to the March 2022 NOPR
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference in this final Comment number
Commenter(s) rule in the docket Commenter type
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Appliance Standards Awareness Project, ASAP et al................ 18 Efficiency Advocacy
American Council for an Energy- Organizations.
Efficient Economy (``ACEEE''), and the
New York State Energy Research and
Development Authority.
ComEd and Northwest Energy Efficiency ComEd and NEEA............ 20. Utility and Efficiency
Alliance. Advocacy Organization.
Pacific Gas and Electric Company, San CA IOUs................... 19 Utilities.
Diego Gas & Electric, and Southern
California Edison; collectively, the
California Investor-Owned Utilities.
CTA, American Council for an Energy- CTA et al................. 21 Trade Organization and
Efficient Economy, and the Natural Efficiency Advocacy
Resources Defense Council, Inc. Organizations.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A parenthetical reference at the end of a comment quotation or
paraphrase provides the location of the item in the public record.\9\
To the extent that interested parties have provided written comments
that are substantively consistent with any oral comments provided
during the NOPR public meeting, DOE cites the written comments
throughout this final rule. Any oral comments provided during the
webinar that are not substantively addressed by written comments are
summarized and cited separately throughout this final rule.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\9\ The parenthetical reference provides a reference for
information located in the docket of DOE's rulemaking for TVs.
(Docket No. EERE-2016-BT-TP-0023, which is maintained at
www.regulations.gov.) The references are arranged as follows:
(commenter name, comment docket ID number, page of that document).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. Synopsis of the Final Rule
In this final rule, DOE incorporates by reference into 10 CFR 430.3
the updated industry standard, ANSI/CTA-2037-D, and adopts through
reference in appendix H certain provisions of the industry standard
that:
[[Page 16085]]
Establish definitions and symbols associated with the
updates to the industry standard including those applicable to the new
test equipment, TV settings, and video content (e.g., high dynamic
range (``HDR''), dynamic luminance, motion detection dimming
(``MDD''));
Update the specifications required for the power supply,
power meter, and illuminance meter, including additional requirements
to reduce the voltage and frequency fluctuations in the power supply
specifically for on mode testing and requiring the calibration of the
illuminance meter to a light-emitting diode (``LED'') illuminant;
Specify the use of a camera photometer for the measurement
of dynamic luminance during all on mode testing instead of the usage of
a luminance meter only capable of instantaneous luminance measurements;
Update the method for test video storage to a universal
serial bus (``USB'') device rather than a Blu-ray Disc played through a
media player that does not conduct any video processing;
Specify the automatic brightness control (``ABC'') light
source to be an LED lamp rather than an incandescent lamp.
Additionally, specify that the ABC light source be positioned at an
angle of 45 degrees (``[deg]'') from the ABC sensor. The illuminance
meter is also required to be angled at 45[deg] pointed directly at the
ABC light source;
Specify detailed unit under test (``UUT'') installation
and placement requirements, including the setup of test equipment
relative to the UUT and options for placing the TV on the wall or
floor, rather than a TV stand or table;
Specify the TV to be updated to the latest firmware
version and include configuration requirements for special functions
such as MDD and quick start;
Introduce on mode testing for TVs with HDR-enabled, and 4K
resolution testing;
Require all on mode and standby mode testing to be
conducted with the TV connected to a wide area network (``WAN'') and
additionally connected to three types of devices, over local area
network (``LAN''), capable for waking the TV: a ``smart'' speaker,
mobile device, and network traffic monitor;
Include new test clips for the high dynamic range-10
(``HDR10'') format;
Require on mode testing in three different preset picture
settings: standard dynamic range (``SDR'') default, SDR brightest, and
HDR10 default, rather than a single test in the default preset picture
setting;
Update the ambient light requirements for ABC-enabled
testing to 140 lux, 50 lux, 17 lux, and 4 lux, each with a
5-percent tolerance;
Specify a single standby mode test during which the TV is
connected to a WAN and additionally connected to the three types of
network devices connected via LAN. The standby test period depends on
the stability of the average power consumption of the TV during the
last third of the measurement period; and
Specify the calculation of the AEC metric as a weighted
average of the power consumption in on mode and standby mode, wherein
on mode power consumption is the average of the on mode power in the
SDR default, SDR brightest, and HDR10 default preset picture settings.
The adopted amendments are summarized in Table II.1 compared to the
test procedure provision prior to the amendment, as well as the reason
for the adopted change.
Table II.1--Summary of Changes in the Amended Test Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DOE's test procedure prior to
amendment Amended test procedure Attribution
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Defines terms applicable to the test References certain definitions from Update to industry standard.
procedure. ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
Requires power supply and power Updates reference to ANSI/CTA-2037- Update to industry standard.
meter to meet specifications D.
incorporated from IEC 62087:2011.
Requires a luminance meter for References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard.
luminance testing of TVs. specifies the use of a camera
photometer.
Requires illuminance meter to be References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard. Improve
accurate for ambient light requires the illuminance meter to representativeness of results.
measurements. be calibrated to an LED illuminant.
Requires the playback of specified References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard. Improve
media from a Blue-ray player via a utilizes a media player and USB representativeness of results.
Blu-ray Disc. storage device to play the
specified media.
Requires the ABC light source to be References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard. Improve
an incandescent bulb for ABC uses an LED light source for ABC representativeness of results.
testing. testing.
Requires the light source to be References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard. Improve
directed at the center of the ABC directs the ABC light source at the representativeness of results.
sensor from 1.5 meters (``m'') away ABC sensor at an angle of 45[deg].
aligned directly with the center of
the sensor.
Requires the TV to be placed at References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard.
least 0.5 m away from any wall specifies that the TV must be
surface and set up according to placed on a table, floor, or wall
manufacturer's instructions. with a black cloth and reflective
card be placed underneath the ABC
sensor.
Requires the ambient light to be References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard. Improve
measured by the illuminance meter requires the illuminance meter to representativeness of results.
at the ABC sensor pointing in the be positioned at the ABC sensor on
direction of the light source. a stand that allows it to point
directly at the 45[deg] light
source.
Requires TVs to be tested in the References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard.
default state for all special disables MDD, and conditionally
functions, unless a forced menu is enables ``quick start.'' When a
displayed requiring the forced menu is displayed, the most
configuration of special functions, energy consumptive option is
in which case the most power selected, with some exceptions.
consumption option is selected.
Does not conduct any testing for HDR References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard. Improve
preset picture settings. conducts testing in SDR default, representativeness of results.
SDR brightest, and HDR10 default
preset picture settings.
Does not require TVs to update their References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard.
system firmware prior to testing. requires the UUT use the latest
firmware update and conduct a
factory reset.
[[Page 16086]]
Requires the TV to be connected to a References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard. Improve
LAN with no other devices other requires the UUT be connected to a representativeness of results.
than the TV. WAN and additionally be connected
to a smart speaker, mobile device,
and a network traffic monitor over
LAN. These network conditions are
required for all on mode and
standby mode testing.
Requires the stabilization of the TV References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Updates to industry standard.
by directing the light source with requires the TV to be stabilized by
at least 300 lx into the ABC playing 5 minutes of the IEC test
sensor. clip and comparing the average
power between two successive runs.
Specifies the use of the IEC test References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Updates to industry standard.
clip (in the highest resolution (SD retains the IEC test clip (in SD
or HD) supported by the TV) played and HD resolution) but specifies
via a Blu-ray Disc as specified in that it must be played via a USB
IEC 62087:2011. flash drive. Additionally,
specifies a new 5-minute HDR10 test
clip (in HD and UHD resolution).
Requires the on mode test to be References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard.
conducted at ambient light levels conducts ABC testing for preset
of 100, 35, 12, and 3 lux if the TV picture settings with ABC enabled
has ABC enabled by default. by default at ambient light levels
of 140, 50, 17, and 4 lux.
Measures power consumption and References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard.
luminance separately. measures power consumption as well
as dynamic luminance of the TV
during the same test.
Requires a luminance test to References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard.
determine the brightest preset determines the SDR brightest preset
picture setting using the luminance picture setting by playing the 5-
meter and the IEC three-bar image. minute IEC test clip in each preset
picture setting (with ABC disabled)
and determining the brightest based
on the dynamic luminance during the
5-minute test period.
Specifies standby-passive mode, References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard. Improve
standby-active mode, low mode, and conducts a single standby mode test representativeness of results.
off mode tests. during which the UUT is connected
to WAN and additionally connected
to three network devices on LAN and
the average power consumption is
measured for a variable duration,
depending on the stability of the
power consumption, over a period of
40 to 240 minutes. Additionally,
eliminates the off mode test.
Requires the AEC to be calculated References ANSI/CTA-2037-D for AEC Update to industry standard. Improve
using on mode power, standby-active calculation which requires the AEC representativeness of results.
low power, standby-passive power, to be calculated using the on mode
and off mode power. power as the average power of SDR
default, SDR brightest, and HDR10
default preset picture settings, as
well as the standby mode power
consumption.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DOE has determined that the amendments described in section III and
adopted in this document will alter the measured efficiency of TVs and
require retesting and recertification of TV basic models. The amended
test procedure is substantively the same procedure established by
industry, with certain modifications. Discussion of DOE's actions are
addressed in detail in section III of this document.
The effective date for the amended test procedure adopted in this
final rule is 30 days after publication of this document in the Federal
Register. Representations of energy use or energy efficiency must be
based on testing in accordance with the amended test procedure
beginning 180 days after the publication of this final rule.
III. Discussion
A. General Comments
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on several topics
including its proposal to adopt substantive provisions of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C as well as the updates being considered in ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
While topic-specific comments are addressed in the relevant sections,
the following paragraphs summarize the general comments received in
response to the March 2022 NOPR.
ASAP et al. supported DOE's approach for revising the TV test
procedure, stating that TV technology has rapidly evolved since the
October 2013 final rule. ASAP et al. stated that the revisions
presented in the March 2022 NOPR largely address the concerns
associated with advances in TV technology. (ASAP et al., No. 18 at pp.
1-2)
CTA et al. supported the proposed test procedure, including the
proposal to incorporate by reference ANSI/CTA-2037-D. (CTA et al., No.
21 at p. 3; Public Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at pp. 5-7) In the NOPR
public meeting, ACEEE supported DOE's proposed test method and
recommended that DOE adopt ANSI/CTA-2037-D once it is published.
(Public Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at pp. 7-8)
As discussed in later sections of this document, DOE is referencing
ANSI/CTA-2037-D in the amended appendix H to measure TV power
consumption and screen luminance. Throughout appendix H, DOE has
streamlined any references to ANSI/CTA-2037-D to the extent possible.
B. Scope of Applicability
This rulemaking applies to TVs, which are products designed to
produce dynamic video, contain an internal TV tuner encased within the
product housing, and that are capable of receiving dynamic visual
content from wired or wireless sources including but not limited to
broadcast signals, display-specific data connections, media storage
devices, and/or network connections. 10 CFR 430.2. Section 1, Scope, of
appendix H specifies that DOE's test procedure is applicable to TVs
that (1) have a diagonal screen size of at least fifteen inches; and
(2) are powered by mains power (including TVs with auxiliary batteries
but not TVs with main batteries). In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE did not
propose to amend the scope of the current TV test procedure. 87 FR
11892, 11896.
[[Page 16087]]
DOE did not receive any comments regarding the scope of the TV test
procedure. DOE is maintaining the scope of the current TV test
procedure in the amended appendix H.
C. Updates to Industry Standards
Appendix H references IEC 62087:2011 and IEC 62301, Edition 2.0,
2011-04, ``Household electrical appliances--Measurement of standby
power'' (``IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0'') for certain requirements, while the
remaining requirements are specified in appendix H itself.
The IEC and CTA are two industry standards development bodies that
have published standards for testing the power consumption of TVs
(e.g., IEC 62087 and CTA 2037, respectively). Since publication of the
October 2013 final rule, both IEC 62087 and CTA 2037 have been updated
more than once to keep pace with evolving TV technologies. At the time
of the March 2022 NOPR, the most recent update was the publication of
ANSI/CTA-2037-C in October 2021, and ANSI/CTA-2307-D was in
development. Since publication of the March 2022 NOPR, the final
version of ANSI/CTA-2037-D was published in September 2022.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to incorporate by reference
ANSI/CTA-2037-C into 10 CFR 430.3 to reference the relevant sections of
this industry standard in the DOE test procedure at appendix H. 87 FR
11892, 11897. Since publication of the October 2013 final rule, TV
technology has evolved significantly. ANSI/CTA-2037-C addressed many of
the technologies (e.g., ultra-high definition (``UHD'') or ``4K''
resolution, HDR, etc.) not previously considered in the development of
the current DOE test procedure and also specified configuration and
setup requirements to improve the representativeness with respect to
the current DOE test procedure at appendix H.
While standard definition (``SD'') and high definition (``HD'')
were the predominant TV display resolutions at the time of the October
2013 final rule, UHD resolution TVs have gained prominence and 8K
resolution TVs are emerging. Additionally, HDR content is more
prevalent, and a majority of TVs are ``smart'' TVs (i.e., they can be
connected to a network connection).
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to adopt by reference the
substantive provisions of ANSI/CTA-2037-C, with some modifications to
specify additional detail and test conditions in order to improve the
representativeness of the test results. Id. at 87 FR 11897. In the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE initially determined that the measurement of
screen luminance and power consumption as specified in ANSI/CTA 2037-C
would provide a measured result that is more representative of the
average period of TV use compared to the current DOE test procedure.
Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also stated that it was aware that the
CTA working group was reviewing ANSI/CTA-2037-C to determine if any
revisions were necessary. DOE understood that should the working group
make any changes to ANSI/CTA-2037-C, CTA would publish a revised
standard, potentially numbered as ANSI/CTA-2037-D. Id. DOE participated
in the working group meetings to review and revise ANSI/CTA-2037-C.
While the March 2022 NOPR proposed to reference the requirements from
ANSI/CTA-2037-C, it also discussed the revisions being considered under
ANSI/CTA-2037-D. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on these
revisions as well as any additional revisions under consideration in
ANSI/CTA-2037-D that were not discussed in the March 2022 NOPR. Id. In
the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that, should ANSI/CTA-2037-D publish
prior to the publication of any DOE TV test procedure final rule, DOE
would consider stakeholder feedback and consider incorporating by
reference ANSI/CTA-2037-D, provided the updates in ANSI/CTA-2037-D are
consistent with the provisions DOE proposed in the March 2022 NOPR or
the updates are related to topics that DOE discussed and solicited
comments on in the March 2022 NOPR. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
adopt the substantive provisions of ANSI/CTA-2037-C in appendix H with
certain modifications. Id. In response, DOE received the following
comments.
CTA et al. recommended that DOE incorporate by reference ANSI/CTA-
2037-D for the final rule, rather than ANSI/CTA-2037-C, stating that
ANSI/CTA-2037-D is more accurate and representative. (CTA et al., No.
21, at p. 5)
ComEd and NEEA supported the adoption of the finalized version of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D. ComEd and NEEA also stated that ANSI/CTA-2037-D is an
improvement over the current Federal test method. (ComEd and NEEA, No.
20 at p. 2) ComEd and NEEA stated that adopting ANSI/CTA-2037-D would
enable harmonization of test methods globally. (ComEd and NEEA, No. 20
at p. 2)
DOE has reviewed ANSI/CTA-2037-D and determined it to be materially
the same as the test procedure DOE proposed in the March 2022 NOPR
(i.e., ANSI/CTA-2037-C, including the additional modifications DOE
proposed in the March 2022 NOPR), albeit with some minor revisions that
further improve reproducibility and representativeness. Accordingly, in
this final rule, DOE is incorporating by reference ANSI/CTA-2037-D in
10 CFR 430.3 for reference in the amended appendix H. DOE has
determined that ANSI/CTA-2037-D produces measures of energy consumption
that are representative of current TV use and would not be unduly
burdensome to conduct.
The subsequent sections of this document discuss DOE's final
amendments to appendix H to incorporate by reference ANSI/CTA-2037-D as
the Federal test method.
D. Definitions
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that the definitions currently
specified in appendix H are either provided directly or through
adoption of certain definitions provided in IEC 62087:2011. Many of
these terms are also defined in ANSI/CTA-2037-C. 87 FR 11892, 11898.
Additionally, certain terms are defined in ANSI/CTA-2037-C but are not
currently defined in appendix H. Id. at 87 FR 11897. In the March 2022
NOPR, DOE identified the terms that are currently used in appendix H
and ANSI/CTA-2037-C, the similarities and differences in their
respective definitions, and whether DOE proposed to adopt each
definition through reference to ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Id. at 87 FR 11897-
11899.
DOE additionally noted that while some of the defined terms in
ANSI/CTA-2037-C have minor differences compared to the current
definitions in appendix H, DOE had initially determined that these
differences were not substantive and would not change the meaning of
the defined terms or impact testing according to the proposed test
procedure compared to the current test procedure. Id. at 87 FR 11899.
Accordingly, to harmonize with the current industry standard, DOE
proposed in the March 2022 NOPR to reference section 5.1 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C for the definitions of the terms used in the TV test procedure.
Id. DOE also proposed to reference section 5.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C to
include the relevant abbreviations that are used in the TV test
procedure. Id. Further, for the terms that are currently defined in
appendix H, but a definition does not exist in ANSI/CTA-2037-C (e.g.,
[[Page 16088]]
additional functions, auxiliary battery, retail configuration, special
functions, standby-active, high mode, and standby-active, low mode),
DOE proposed to remove these terms from appendix H because they are not
referenced in ANSI/CTA-2037-C nor are they used anywhere in the
proposed test procedure. Id.
DOE also noted that the CTA working group was considering revising
definitions for power modes (i.e., on mode, partial on mode, etc.) in
ANSI/CTA-2037-D. Id. In particular, the CTA working group was
considering updating all references to standby mode as partial on mode.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that even if the CTA working group
considered using the term ``partial on mode,'' DOE would refer to this
mode as ``standby mode.'' Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on defining terms
through reference to ANSI/CTA-2037-C and also whether DOE should
consider the revisions to the power mode definitions being considered
at the time for ANSI/CTA-2037-D. Id.
CTA et al. stated that the definitions proposed in appendix H
excluded some definitions that are included in ANSI/CTA-2037-D,
including ``television set'' and ``standby,'' which are already defined
in 10 CFR 430.2, and recommended that DOE adopt these definitions from
ANSI/CTA-2037-D. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 11)
As noted in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE did not reference definitions
for ``HDMI,'' ``television set,'' and ``standby mode'' from ANSI/CTA-
2037-C since these terms are already defined in 10 CFR 430.2. In this
final rule, DOE is maintaining its exclusion of referencing these
definitions in appendix H. Additionally, DOE had not proposed to
include definitions for ``stand,'' ``International System of Units,''
``filmmaker mode,'' and ``perceptual quantization video.'' However, DOE
is including these definitions by reference to ANSI/CTA-2037-D because
these definitions are required to understand and implement the test
procedure.
Regarding the revised definitions for power modes that were under
consideration at the time of publication of the March 2022 NOPR, ANSI/
CTA-2037-D does not include definitions for power mode, off mode,
standby-passive mode, and standby-active mode. Additionally, partial on
mode is now referred to as standby mode in ANSI/CTA-2037-D. However, as
mentioned previously, DOE already defines standby mode in 10 CFR 430.2
and is not referencing ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the definition of standby
mode in this final rule.
Table III.1 identifies the terms that are specified in appendix H
and ANSI/CTA-2037-D, the similarities and differences in their
respective definitions, and whether DOE is adopting each definition
through reference to ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
Table III.1--Terms Currently Used in Appendix H and ANSI/CTA-2037-D and the Similarities or Differences Between
Definitions
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Similarities/differences
Terms currently in between definitions in ANSI/ Adopt by reference to
Terms currently in appendix H ANSI/CTA-2037-D CTA-2037-D and existing ANSI/CTA-2037-D for
appendix H appendix H?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Brightest selectable preset picture Brightest selectable Appendix H refers to the Yes.
setting. preset picture brightest picture setting
setting. within either the home or
retail configuration,
whereas ANSI/CTA-2037-D
refers to the brightest
preset picture setting
only within the home
configuration. ANSI/CTA-
2037-D additionally
specifies that this is a
user-selectable preset
picture setting.
Default picture setting............ Default picture ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies Yes.
setting. that this picture setting
is determined using only
the home configuration.
Appendix H indicates the
default picture setting
may be decided after a
forced menu, which ANSI/
CTA-2037-D does not
mention.
Forced menu........................ Forced menu........... Substantively the same Yes.
definitions.
Home configuration................. Home configuration.... Substantively the same Yes.
definitions.
Illuminance........................ Illuminance........... Substantively the same Yes.
definitions.
Luminance.......................... Luminance............. Substantively the same Yes.
definitions.
Main battery....................... Main battery.......... Substantively the same Yes.
definitions.
Off mode........................... Off mode.............. ANSI/CTA-2037-D provides a Yes.
note that describes how
some power may still be
consumed when the UUT is
in off mode. Appendix H
does not include such a
note.
On mode............................ On mode............... Similar definitions........ Yes.
Preset picture setting............. Preset picture setting ANSI/CTA-2037-D provides a Yes.
simplified definition for
preset picture setting
compared to appendix H.
Standby-passive mode............... Standby mode.......... ANSI/CTA-2037-D defines No.
only the broader term
standby mode. Standby mode
is already defined in 10
CFR 430.2; therefore, it
does not need to be
defined in appendix H.
Additional functions............... ...................... No.t listed in the No.
definitions section of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
Auxiliary Battery.................. ...................... No.t listed in the No.
definitions section of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
Retail configuration............... Retail configuration.. Similar definitions........ Yes.
Special functions.................. ...................... No.t listed in the No.
definitions section of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D. The term
special functions is not
used anywhere in ANSI/CTA-
2037-D.
Standby-active, high mode.......... ...................... No.t listed in the No.
definition section of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D. The term
standby-active, high mode
is not used anywhere in
ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
Standby-active, low mode........... ...................... No.t listed in the No.
definition section of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D. The term
standby-active, low mode
is not used anywhere in
ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
(not defined)...................... AEC................... This term defines the Yes.
energy metric that is the
output of the test
procedure.
(not defined)...................... Automatic brightness This term is used Yes.
control. throughout ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
(not defined)...................... Dynamic Luminance..... This term defines the TV Yes.
screen's luminance as
measured during the
playback of dynamic video
content.
(not defined)...................... Energy-Efficient- This term is used in the Yes.
Ethernet. Network connection
hierarchy in both ANSI/CTA-
2037-D and appendix H.
(not defined)...................... Filmmaker Mode........ This term defines a preset Yes.
picture setting that has a
specific configuration.
(not defined)...................... Gloss Unit (GU)....... This term defines a unit Yes.
used to measure the
reflectance of a surface.
[[Page 16089]]
(not defined)...................... HDR10................. This term defines a Yes.
specific video display
format that is used to
test the UUTs power
consumption.
(not defined)...................... High-definition This term defines a video No.
multimedia interface input terminal for TVs. It
(``HDMI[supreg]''). is defined at 10 CFR
430.2; therefore, it does
not need to be defined in
appendix H.
(not defined)...................... High Dynamic Range This term more broadly Yes.
(``HDR''). defines the video format
category that HDR10
belongs to.
(not defined)...................... Hybrid Log Gamma This term defines a type of Yes.
(``HLG''). HDR video and is used when
describing the test
signals used during
testing.
(not defined)...................... International System This is defined as ``The Yes.
of Units. modern form of the metric
system''.
(not defined)...................... Motion-Based Dynamic This term defines a Yes.
Dimming (``MDD''). television feature that
adjusts luminance in
response to motion being
displayed and is disabled
during TV testing.
(not defined)...................... Neutral density This term is used to define Yes.
(``ND'') filter. the filter that is used to
accomplish the 3 lux
luminance requirement for
on mode testing.
(not defined)...................... Partial on mode....... This term defines the Yes.
standby sub-modes.
(not defined)...................... Perceptual This term defines a Yes.
Quantization Video. specific video utilized by
HDR.
(not defined)...................... Quick start........... This term defines quick Yes.
start functionality, which
is a special function that
impacts the time it takes
for a TV to transition to
on mode from partial on
mode.
(not defined)...................... Snoot................. This term defines an object Yes.
used to prevent the ABC
lamp light from reflecting
off the UUT and
interfering with the
dynamic luminance data
collection. It is not a
required tool but may be
needed for testing in
specific instances.
(not defined)...................... Software.............. This term defines code that Yes.
runs on a UUT and can be
updated.
(not defined)...................... Stand................. This term defines the Yes.
device used to hold the
UUT upright.
(not defined)...................... Television set........ This term is defined at 10 No.
CFR 430.2; therefore, it
does not need to be
defined in appendix H.
(not defined)...................... Wake-By-Remote-Control- This term defines the Yes.
App. ability to wake a UUT
using a network-connected
device and is used during
standby mode testing.
(not defined)...................... Wake-By-Smart-Speaker. This term defines the Yes.
ability to wake a UUT
using a voice command via
smart speaker and is used
during standby mode
testing.
(not defined)...................... Wake-On-Cast.......... This term defines the Yes.
ability to wake a UUT by
streaming a video from a
mobile device to the UUT
and is used during standby
mode testing.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In summary, in this final rule, DOE is referencing section 5 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the definitions and abbreviations required for the
TV test procedure, except for those terms which are already defined in
10 CFR 430.2.
E. Test Equipment
1. Power Supply
Sections 3.1 and 3.2 of appendix H reference section 4.3.1 of IEC
62301 Ed. 2.0 for the voltage and frequency and power supply
requirements for testing TVs. The requirements specify that the voltage
and frequency for each region within North America must have a voltage
of 115 volts (``V'') and frequency of 60 hertz (``Hz''). IEC 62301 Ed.
2.0 additionally includes requirements for other regions around the
world.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C specifies only the North American-specific requirements;
however, these requirements are specified under the standby mode power
supply requirements rather than on mode. 87 FR 11892, 11900. As
discussed in the March 2022 NOPR, the CTA working group was considering
moving these requirements under the power supply requirements for on
mode in ANSI/CTA-2037-D. Id. DOE additionally noted that it expects
that the same power supply is used to test on mode and standby mode
power consumption and the specific location of where the requirement is
specified would not alter the power supply that is used to test a TV.
Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE additionally stated that given DOE's
test procedure is applicable to only those TVs that are a type which,
to any significant extent, are distributed in commerce in the United
States for personal use or consumption by individuals (42 U.S.C.
6291(1); 42 U.S.C. 6292(a)(12); 42 U.S.C.), the North American-specific
requirements specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C are sufficient for the DOE
test procedure. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference
section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the alternating current (``AC'')
power supply specification. Id.
Section 3.2 of appendix H additionally specifies that the total
harmonic distortion of the supply voltage must not exceed 5 percent,
inclusive to the 13th order harmonic, when the unit is under test. In
the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C
specifies that the total harmonic distortion must not exceed 2 percent
up to and including the 13th harmonic and noted that this specification
is more stringent than appendix H. Based on its internal testing and
general agreement from manufacturers during the ANSI/CTA-2037-C
development working group meetings, DOE had initially determined that
most power supplies are capable of meeting this requirement. Id.
Accordingly, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference the
power supply requirements from ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also noted that the introductory text
in Section 9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C states that power shall be provided to
the ABC lamp, camera photometer, and UUT from the specified AC power
source. Id. However, DOE stated that using the same AC power source to
power the UUT as well as the ABC lamp and camera photometer could
unintentionally impact the power consumption measurement of the UUT due
to ``noise'' from the ABC light source and fluctuations in power draw
caused by the camera photometer and ABC light source. DOE also noted
that the CTA working group was considering revising this requirement
for ANSI/CTA-2037-D to specify that only the
[[Page 16090]]
UUT be powered using the power source specified in section 7.1.1 of the
CTA-2037 standard, that the camera photometer and ABC lamp must not be
powered by the same controlled power source, and that the camera
photometer and ABC lamp may be powered by mains power. Id. Accordingly,
in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to specify that TVs must be tested
with only the UUT powered by the specified AC power source and the
camera photometer and ABC lamp may be powered using standard mains
electricity. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on referencing
section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the power supply requirements. DOE
also requested comment on referencing the updated requirements that
were under consideration for ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which would move the
voltage and frequency requirements for the power supply from the
standby mode to the on mode section within section 7.1.1 of the CTA-
2037 standard. Id.
DOE also requested comment on its proposal to connect only the UUT
to the specified AC power source during testing and to specify that the
camera photometer and ABC lamp may be powered via mains power. DOE also
requested feedback on whether the camera photometer and ABC lamp should
be connected to additional specified AC power sources and the burden
versus benefit of such an approach. Id. In response, DOE received the
following comments.
CTA et al. recommended DOE adopt ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which includes
voltage and frequency requirements specified for both the on mode power
supply and the standby mode power supply. CTA et al. also stated that
ANSI/CTA-2037-D requires the TV to be powered by the controlled power
source and the camera photometer and the ABC lamp may be powered by
mains power. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 11)
As noted by CTA et al., the CTA working group revised the power
supply requirements in ANSI/CTA-2037-D to specify that only the UUT is
powered using the power source specified in section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-D. Additionally, the published version of ANSI/CTA-2037-D
specifies that the power supply supplying mains power to the UUT shall
be configured to deliver sufficient power at 115 V and 60 Hz to power
the UUT. These requirements are applicable to both on mode and standby
mode tests.
The power supply requirements specified in section 7.1.1 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D are the same as those specified in the March 2022 NOPR. For
the reasons discussed in the preceding paragraphs and the March 2022
NOPR, DOE is amending the power supply requirements in appendix H to
reference section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
2. Power Meter
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that the power meter requirements
specified in section 3.3 of appendix H are the same as the requirements
specified in section 7.1.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C, which includes the
specification of a wattmeter as well as the allowable uncertainty in
measurement. 87 FR 11892, 11900. DOE stated that ANSI/CTA-2037-C
additionally specifies calibration requirements for the power meter,
the current crest factor, and the lower bound on the current range.
Accordingly, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference section
7.1.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the power meter requirements because it
includes the requirements currently specified in appendix H, and the
additional requirements specified would ensure that the power meter
remains within bounds and calibrated to ensure the results obtained are
valid and representative. Id.
DOE requested comment on its proposal to reference the power meter
requirements from ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Specifically, DOE requested feedback
on the potential burden, if any, to meet the more stringent
requirements specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Id.
CTA et al. commented that the power meter requirements in section
7.1.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D are appropriate, and that DOE should adopt
them. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 11)
The power meter requirements in ANSI/CTA-2037-D include a sampling
rate of the power meter. Specifically, ANSI/CTA-2037-D requires the
power meter to have a sampling rate of at least 1 kilo hertz (``kHz''),
and optionally have a sampling rate of at least 10 kHz. DOE's
experience with conducting TV testing, as well as testing of other
consumer products, indicates that this additional sampling requirement
should have no impact on the burden of sourcing a power meter, as the
equipment previously used should continue to meet the power meter
requirements in ANSI/CTA-2037-D. Accordingly, for the reasons discussed
in the preceding paragraph and in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE amends the
power meter requirements in appendix H to reference section 7.1.2 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
3. Luminance Meter
Section 3.4 of appendix H specifies the accuracy requirements for a
luminance meter, which is used to measure screen luminance in the
default and brightest preset picture settings as well as the default
retail picture setting. The current luminance measurement is performed
using the static, 3-bar black-and-white image from IEC 62087:2011. This
static black-and-white image does not result in representative
luminance measurements because TVs are rarely used to display static
images (i.e., the content played on TVs is almost always dynamic, or in
motion) and pure white color is rarely displayed on a TV screen (i.e.,
most scenes displayed on a TV screen are a mix of various colors);
therefore, measuring luminance using the black-and-white image is not
representative of typical consumer use.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to measure dynamic screen
luminance (i.e., luminance of the screen when playing dynamic video
content such as the IEC test clip) as specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C to
ensure that a TV's screen luminance is measured at the same time as its
power consumption, which would provide consumers a direct relationship
for TV brightness (i.e., luminance) as a function of its power
consumption. 87 FR 11892, 11900. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE initially
determined that a dynamic screen luminance measurement would provide
results that are more representative of the real world in comparison to
the currently specified static black-and-white image. Id.
DOE additionally noted in the March 2022 NOPR that a luminance
meter cannot measure dynamic screen luminance; instead, ANSI/CTA-2037-C
specifies use of a camera photometer to measure the dynamic luminance
of the TV screen during each on mode test. Id. DOE explained that the
camera photometer captures the light from the TV screen while
displaying video content, and the average of the light entering the
camera photometer's sensor in each frame is translated into the average
luminance of the TV screen. In conjunction with the proposal to measure
dynamic screen luminance, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to
remove the existing luminance meter requirements specified in section
3.4 of appendix H and instead reference section 7.1.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-
C, which specifies the requirements for the camera photometer's
uncertainty, resolution, sample area, and data rate. Id. at 87 FR
11900-11901.
DOE additionally noted in the March 2022 NOPR that the CTA working
group
[[Page 16091]]
was considering specifying an additional requirement in ANSI/CTA-2037-D
that the camera used for testing should be calibrated against a
traceable light source that more closely matches the spectral power
density of LED/OLED \10\ TVs than does standard illuminant A (e.g.,
D65, LED-RGB1). Id. at 87 FR 11901. This requirement has since been
finalized in ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\10\ Organic light emitting diode.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DOE requested comment on its proposal to measure dynamic screen
luminance and to specify use of a camera photometer to measure dynamic
screen luminance. In particular, DOE requested comment on any concerns
with the burden associated with using a camera photometer as specified
by ANSI/CTA-2037-C to measure screen luminance. Id.
DOE also requested comment on the additional calibration
requirement that was under consideration for ANSI/CTA-2037-D and
whether DOE should include this requirement for its TV test procedure.
Id.
The CA IOUs recommended that DOE establish criteria for obtaining
reproducible and repeatable results using an off-the-shelf camera
photometer and manually capturing measurements as opposed to using a
customized camera photometer paired with a proprietary software tool.
The CA IOUs also recommended that DOE develop specific guidelines
regarding the data capture process to ensure both off-the-shelf and
NEEA-supplied camera photometers produce results that meet DOE's test
tolerance requirements. (CA IOUs, No. 19 at pp. 5-6)
ComEd and NEEA supported the camera photometer requirements in
ANSI/CTA-2037-D and stated that the requirements would ensure accurate
results while maximizing design flexibility to encourage the
development of camera systems by multiple vendors. (ComEd and NEEA, No.
20 at p. 3)
CTA et al. commented that DOE should reference the requirement that
dynamic screen luminance be measured as specified in section 11.1 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D using a camera photometer as specified in section 7.1.4
of ANSI/CTA-2037-D. (CTA et al., No. 21 at pp. 11-12)
DOE has reviewed the specifications for the camera photometer in
ANSI/CTA-2037-D and determined that the requirements provide sufficient
level of detail to ensure repeatable and reproducible results, while
still allowing for flexibility in sourcing a camera photometer that
meets the defined requirements.
Additionally, in response to the CA IOUs, DOE notes that ANSI/CTA-
2037-D updates the minimum resolution requirement to be a minimum pixel
requirement, which allows more variety in the camera photometers that
are capable of meeting the specified camera photometer requirements.
ANSI/CTA-2037-D additionally includes a clarification that the camera
photometer must be capable of capturing the entire UUT screen, which
was implicitly understood to be the requirement in ANSI/CTA-2037-C but
was not specifically stated.
For the reasons discussed in the preceding paragraphs and in the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE amends the camera photometer requirements in
appendix H to reference section 7.1.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
4. Illuminance Meter
Section 3.5 of appendix H specifies accuracy requirements for the
illuminance meter, which is used to measure the room illuminance levels
at the ABC sensor for tests that are conducted with ABC functionality
enabled. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that section 7.1.3 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-C specifies the same accuracy requirements for an illuminance
meter and additionally specifies calibration requirements for the
illuminance meter. Additionally, DOE noted that ANSI/CTA-2037-C
specifies certain requirements if the illuminance meter is neither a
spectroradiometer nor calibrated against an illuminant replicating the
spectral emissions of LEDs but that the CTA working group was re-
evaluating these requirements to ease test burden by clarifying that
only specific requirements of the calibration standard must be met. 87
FR 11892, 11901. As stated in the March 2022 NOPR, these requirements
were for the illuminance meter accuracy and relative spectral response.
The CTA working group was also considering an additional requirement
which would require the center of the cosine receptor to be <= 40mm in
depth. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE initially determined that the
illuminance meter requirements specified in section 7.1.3 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C were appropriate because DOE proposed that an LED lamp be used
for ABC testing rather than an incandescent lamp as specified currently
in appendix H. Accordingly, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to
reference section 7.1.3 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the illuminance meter
requirements. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
reference the illuminance meter requirements, including the calibration
requirements, from ANSI/CTA-2037-C. DOE also requested comment on the
updated illuminance meter requirements under consideration for ANSI/
CTA-2037-D, whether DOE should consider referencing the updated
requirements when finalized, and the reason(s) for doing so. Id.
CTA et al. commented that DOE should reference the requirements for
the illuminance photometer described in section 7.1.3 of ANSI/CTA-2037-
D. CTA et al. additionally commented that DOE should adopt the updated
requirements for the illuminance photometer described in section 7.1.3
of ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which include a maximum depth for the light
reception dome (i.e., integrating sphere) that would help ensure that
the sensor will not be too far away from the TV's ABC sensor when
illuminance measurements are taken. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 12)
DOE notes that the finalized ANSI/CTA-2037-D does not include the
cosine receptor depth requirement that was under consideration by the
CTA working group. Additionally, it removes the requirements that were
specified for illuminance meters that are neither a spectroradiometer
nor calibrated against an illuminant replicating the spectral emission
of LEDs.
DOE has determined that these changes to the illuminance meter
requirements from ANSI/CTA-2037-C to CTA-2037-D improve clarity and
repeatability of test results, while not increasing test burden. In
this final rule, DOE amends the illuminance meter requirements in
appendix H to reference section 7.1.3 of CTA-2037-D.
5. Video Input Device
Section 3.6 of appendix H contains video input device requirements
that specify the use of a Blu-ray player and requires that the video
input device manufacturer be different from the manufacturer of the
UUT. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies
the use of a USB flash drive \11\ to play the IEC test clips.
Specifically, sections 7.1.5 through 7.1.7 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specify
the use of a USB 3.0 flash drive that stores the test clips for
playback and a separate media player that contains a USB port to send
media to the UUT via an HDMI cable. ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that the
media player must have a video setting that does not perform any video
processing (e.g., noise reduction, upscaling, or adjustment of color,
hue, contrast, or brightness). ANSI/CTA-
[[Page 16092]]
2037-C does not include the requirement that the manufacturers for the
media player and UUT must be different. 87 FR 87892, 87901.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\11\ ANSI/CTA-2037-C refers to a USB flash drive as a ``USB
thumb drive'' and a ``USB stick.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANSI/CTA-2037-C additionally requires that all media must be stored
and played from a FAT32 or ExFAT \12\-formatted USB flash drive via the
USB port in the media player. ANSI/CTA-2037-C requires that the test
clips stored on the USB flash drive are played via a USB port on a
media player instead of the designated USB port on a UUT. Id. In the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference the video media player
requirements from ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\12\ FAT32 and ExFAT refer to file allocation formatting systems
for storage devices such as USB flash drives. FAT32 means 32-bit
version of FAT file allocation table system. exFAT means extensible
file allocation table.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
reference the media player and USB flash drive requirements from ANSI/
CTA-2037-C. Id. DOE also requested comment on whether DOE should
maintain the current requirement that the media player and UUT must not
be from the same manufacturer. Id.
CTA et al. recommended DOE adopt ANSI/CTA-2037-D and stated that
there is no need to require that the media player and TV not be from
the same manufacturer, as the requirements in ANSI/CTA-2037-D stipulate
that the media player have a video setting that performs no video
processing. CTA et al. stated that because of these requirements, the
characteristics of the video played during testing will be the same
regardless of who manufactured the video player. (CTA et al., No. 21 at
p. 12)
DOE agrees that ANSI/CTA-2037-D addresses the concern about the
media player and TV not being from the same manufacturer by requiring
that the media player have a video setting that performs no video
processing. By removing any video processing, there is no concern about
media players interacting differently with TVs from the same
manufacturer. ANSI/CTA-2037-D clarifies that the HDMI cable must be a
Certified Ultra High Speed HDMI Cable instead of just HDMI 2.0 or
greater. As most HDMI 2.0 cables are ultra-high speed, this
clarification explicitly specifies a requirement that was previously
implicit. The clarification ensures that the HDMI cable is capable of
transferring signal at the desired rate.
For the reasons discussed in the preceding paragraph and in the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE is finalizing its proposal from the March 2022
NOPR to remove the requirement that the UUT and media player be from
different manufacturers and instead specifies that the media player and
USB flash drive requirements in appendix H be as specified in sections
7.1.5 through 7.1.7 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
6. Light Source for ABC Testing
For conducting tests for TVs with ABC enabled by default, appendix
H requires the use of a lamp to alter the amount of light that is
directed to the ABC sensor of the TV. Section 7.1.3.3 of appendix H
specifies that the ABC lamp must be a standard spectrum, halogen
incandescent aluminized reflector lamp and also includes specifications
for the lamp diameter, beam angle, and center beam candlepower. Such a
light source is used in conjunction with a variable transformer to
control the brightness of the lamp, which in turn controls the
illuminance at the ABC sensor. This setup measures TV power consumption
at different room ambient conditions, reflecting TV usage that is
sometimes in a bright room (e.g., during the day) and other times in a
dark room (e.g., at night or with room lights turned off).
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that section 7.1.9 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C specifies the ABC light source requirements, namely that an LED
reflector lamp with dimmer switch must be used to provide the specified
room illuminance levels. Section 7.1.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C additionally
specifies the diameter, rated beam angle, correlated color temperature,
and color rendering index of the lamp. Further, it specifies a 1-
percent allowable tolerance in illuminance measurement and the use of a
neutral density (``ND'') filter to reach illuminance levels less than
10 lux, which are consistent with the current requirements in appendix
H. 87 FR 11892, 11901-11902. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to
reference section 7.1.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the ABC light source
requirements. Id. at 87 FR 11902.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
reference section 7.1.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the light source
required for conducting tests with ABC enabled. Id.
CTA et al. commented that DOE should adopt the requirements in
section 7.1.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D that describe the ABC light source.
(CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 13) ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies that the
selected lamps must be compatible only with leading-edge dimmers (i.e.,
the lamp must not be a retrofit) and additionally specifies that the
lamp shall be stabilized for 15 minutes immediately prior to conducting
measurements. While testing was already conducted according to these
requirements under ANSI/CTA-2037-C, these clarifications were included
in ANSI/CTA-2037-D to improve the clarity and repeatability of the ABC
lamp configuration.
From its experience conducting TVs testing, DOE has determined that
the lamp specifications in ANSI/CTA-2037-D are consistent with current
requirements in appendix H but are updated to use a more representative
light source (i.e., LEDs). DOE has conducted testing using such an LED
lamp and did not find any substantive differences in the test conduct
compared to using an incandescent lamp. DOE also agrees with the new
requirements specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-D regarding a stabilization
period and requiring that the lamp must not be retrofit because these
requirements improve the repeatability of the test method. From its
testing experience, DOE has determined that the light source
specifications in ANSI/CTA-2037-D are an improvement to appendix H in
representativeness and do not significantly increase burden.
For the reasons discussed in the preceding paragraph and in the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE amends the light source for ABC testing
requirements in appendix H to reference section 7.1.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-
D.
F. Test Room Setup
1. Room Ambient Conditions
Sections 4.1 and 4.2 of appendix H specify the ambient temperature
and relative humidity conditions of the test room, respectively. The
temperature conditions reference section 11.4.1 of IEC 62087:2011,
which specifies a requirement of 23 degrees Celsius (``[deg]C'') 5 [deg]C. Section 4.2 of appendix H specifies that the ambient
relative humidity must be maintained between 10 percent and 80 percent.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that section 7.3 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C specifies the same ambient test room and relative humidity
requirements as those currently specified in appendix H. 87 FR 11892,
11902. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference these
requirements from ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Id.
DOE requested comment on whether the specified ambient temperature
and humidity requirements are adequate or whether the temperature and
relative humidity specifications should include additional
specification regarding the precision and/or accuracy of the
instruments used to verify that the required ambient conditions are
maintained. Id.
[[Page 16093]]
CTA et al. stated that the environmental conditions specified in
section 7.3 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D are adequate and it is not necessary to
include additional specifications regarding the precision or accuracy
of the instruments used to verify the ambient conditions. CTA et al.
stated that the additional specifications might make it considerably
more difficult or expensive to obtain the measurement instruments
without improving test results to any significant degree. (CTA et al.,
No. 21 at p. 13)
ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies the ambient relative humidity to be 45
percent 35 percent (non-condensing). This requirement is
effectively the same as the requirement specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C,
which specifies the ambient relative humidity to be between 10 and 80
percent. ANSI/CTA-2037-D also specifies the ambient temperature to be
23[deg]C 5[deg]C, which is the same as the requirement
specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C and the current appendix H.
Given the ambient relative humidity and ambient temperature
requirements specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-D are effectively the same as
the requirements specified in the current appendix H, DOE amends the
room ambient conditions in appendix H to reference section 7.3 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D.
2. Room Illuminance Level
Section 4.3 of appendix H specifies that all luminance and on mode
testing must be performed in a room with an illuminance level less than
or equal to 1.0 lux measured at the UUT's ABC sensor while the TV is in
off mode or standby mode. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that
section 7.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies the same requirement but
includes an additional requirement regarding the positioning of the
illuminance meter used for this measurement (i.e., the illuminance
meter must be positioned at the ABC sensor in the same manner as it
would be positioned during luminance and power measurement tests). 87
FR 11892, 11902. As this requirement is generally the same between
appendix H and ANSI/CTA-2037-C, but with additional specificity
regarding meter placement, which would further ensure repeatability and
reproducibility of the test results, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
proposed to reference section 7.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the room
illuminance level. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
reference section 7.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the room illuminance level
and requirement to position the illuminance meter in the same manner as
it would be positioned during luminance and power measurement tests.
Id.
CTA et al. commented that DOE should adopt the requirements in
section 7.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which specify the room illuminance
level and the position of the illuminance meter when the room
illuminance level is measured. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 13)
The published ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies the same requirements for
room illuminance level as those specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Because
these requirements further ensure repeatability and reproducibility of
the test results, DOE amends the room illuminance level in appendix H
to reference section 7.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
3. UUT Installation and Placement
Section 4.4 of appendix H specifies that the UUT must be installed
in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Additionally, section
4.5 of appendix H includes requirements for TV placement, which
specifies that TVs tested with ABC enabled must be placed at least 0.5
meters away from any wall surface and that all four corners of the face
of the TV must be placed equidistant from a vertical reference plane.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that many manufacturers provide
instructions for multiple installation configurations for the TV, such
as stand mounted and wall mounted, and do not specify a single method
as a recommended or preferred approach. 87 FR 11892, 11902.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that section 8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-
C specifies the installation and setup requirements for the UUT as well
as all other test equipment relative to the placement of the TV.
Specifically, sections 8.2. 8.2.2, and 8.2.3 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C provide
instructions on installing a UUT for testing, including a preference
for installing a TV using a stand mount if possible; if not, using a
wall mount; and if the UUT is neither stand-mounted nor wall-mounted
(e.g., permanently mounted in a wheeled furniture stand), special case
installation instructions are specified in which the UUT assembly
(including whatever support mechanisms or furniture that are part of
the UUT) are positioned on a floor. Section 8.2.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C
specifies requirements for positioning the ABC sensor relative to the
UUT for cases where the UUT has an ABC sensor that is not permanently
mounted on the display (e.g., in an external enclosure or sound bar).
Id.
Additionally, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that ANSI/CTA-2037-
C describes the requirements for the placement of the LED lamp, camera
photometer, and illuminance meter relative to the UUT. Section 8.1.1 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies placing the LED lamp at a 45[deg] angle, with
a tolerance of 2[deg], pointed at the ABC sensor and also specifies
requirements to ensure that light is not reflected off the TV screen.
Id. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE tentatively found that positioning the
lamp at an angle rather than directly in front of the sensor would be
more representative of real-world conditions, as lighting is generally
not placed such that a lamp shines directly towards the ABC sensor;
instead, any light reaching the sensor is generally directed at the TV
screen at an angle, either from overhead lighting or floor lamps. Id.
Accordingly, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to adapt the
requirements specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C regarding lamp setup. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also stated that section 8.1.2 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-C specifies that the illuminance meter must be oriented at an
angle of 45[deg] to be aimed directly at the light source, which is
also oriented at 45[deg] relative to, and pointing towards, the ABC
sensor. ANSI/CTA-2037-C also requires a firm stationary mount for the
illuminance meter to allow for consistent measurement of the
illuminance. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference these
additional requirements for the illuminance meter setup within revised
section 3 (Test Setup) of appendix H. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also stated that section 8.2.5 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-C specifies detailed instructions for the placement and setup
of the camera photometer, which is used for dynamic luminance
measurement. The placement of the camera photometer is dependent on the
size of the UUT. The distance between the camera photometer and the TV
is proportional to the width of the TV, and the height of the camera
photometer is always in the center of the height of the TV. The
orientation is 0[deg] with respect to the TV screen, with a 5[deg]
tolerance. Section 8.2.5 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C also provides instructions
for how to prevent the moir[eacute] effect \13\ by defocusing the
camera
[[Page 16094]]
photometer appropriately. DOE has conducted testing using this setup
and has found this setup provides for a measurement of screen luminance
in a repeatable manner. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to
reference the ANSI/CTA-2037-C requirements for the placement and setup
of the camera photometer. Id. at 87 FR 11902-11903.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\13\ The moir[eacute] effect refers to a visual perception that
occurs when viewing the dots of the LEDs in the UUT superimposed on
the pixels captured from the camera photometer. The overlapped
patterns can cause a glare in the recorded image, which can impact
results if not corrected.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that sections 7.1.10 and 8.2.1
of ANSI/CTA-2037-C include additional requirements regarding the table
surface on which the UUT is placed for testing. This includes the
specifications for covering the table with black, non-reflective cloth
and placing a reflective card directly underneath the ABC sensor of the
UUT. The reflective card is used to better redirect light from the ABC
lamp into the ABC sensor, given the 45[deg] angle of the ABC lamp. In
the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference these requirements in
the test room setup section of appendix H. Id. at 87 FR 11903. DOE
additionally noted that while it proposed to reference these
requirements, the CTA working group was considering amending this
requirement to specify that a ``minimally reflective cloth'' (such as
black felt) rather than a ``non-reflective cloth'' be used for testing,
since no material is truly non-reflective. Id. The published ANSI/CTA-
2037-D has since finalized this requirement. In the March 2022 NOPR,
DOE requested comment on its proposal to reference all the requirements
specified in section 8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the test room setup.
These include the setup of the UUT, illuminance meter, camera
photometer, table surface, and reflective card. DOE also requested
comment on whether it would be appropriate to specify that the table
surface must be covered with black, non-reflective cloth or whether DOE
should specify a ``minimally reflective'' cloth instead. Id.
CTA et al. commented that DOE should adopt the requirements in
section 8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D regarding the physical setup of the test.
CTA et al. also stated that DOE should adopt the requirements in
section 8.2.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which differ from ANSI/CTA-2037-C by
specifying ``minimally reflective'' cloth instead of ``nonreflective''
cloth. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 13)
ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies UUT setup requirements that are
substantively the same as those specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C, with two
minor updates. First, ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies that the table surface
must be covered with black, minimally reflective cloth, as discussed in
the March 2022 NOPR. Second, ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies that the
illuminance meter's position along the x-axis shall be minimized and
shall be less than 95 millimeters. This requirement is effectively the
same as that stated in ANSI/CTA-2037-C, which specified that the base
of the dome (of the illuminance meter) must be placed on the bezel of
the TV. The requirement in ANSI/CTA-2037-D includes a quantitative
distance, which should improve repeatability in placing the illuminance
meter consistently, but does not materially change the placement
compared to ANSI/CTA-2037-C. For the reasons discussed in the preceding
paragraphs and in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE amends the UUT installation
and placement in appendix H to reference sections 7.1.10 and 8 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D.
G. Test Configuration
1. Configuration of Special Functions
Section 5 of appendix H specifies configuration requirements for
various TV functions such as: additional functions and special
functions; the setup of the TV when presented with forced menu prompts;
a connection priority to be used for connecting the TV to the video
input device; the selection of the preset picture setting for on mode
tests; video aspect ratio; frame rate; sound level; and network
connection configuration. For many of these requirements, appendix H
references the requirements specified in relevant sections of IEC
62087:2011. The requirements specified in appendix H are also
consistent with earlier versions of the ANSI/CTA-2037 standard.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that as TV technology has
evolved, the configuration requirements currently specified in appendix
H may not be as representative of current TV use. 87 FR 11892, 11903.
DOE additionally noted that special functions such as MDD often trigger
a more significant decrease in power consumption when testing with the
IEC test clip compared to other real-world media content. Id. DOE
additionally stated that ANSI/CTA-2037-C provides setup requirements
for functions including quick start, MDD, and forced menus. Section 9.1
of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that the UUT must operate on the latest
manufacturer-supplied firmware and requires a factory reset to ensure
the TV is configured with the most recent firmware update. Section 9.2
of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies instructions for the initial configuration
of the UUT, including how to adjust according to initial setup and
forced menu prompts that may have multiple configurations from which to
choose. DOE stated that ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies disabling
accessibility settings intended for vision or hearing-impaired viewers
as well as choosing the configuration that does not include the
addition of content such as applications (i.e., ``apps'') or TV
stations. Other than these exceptions, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
stated that ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that the most power-consumptive
configuration must be selected, and the selection must be verified via
a test if the most power-consumptive configuration is unknown. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE additionally stated that section 9.7 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-C requires all testing to be completed with MDD disabled.
Further, section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C provides criteria that are used
to determine whether quick start is enabled or disabled during testing.
Specifically, quick start is enabled during testing if it is enabled by
default or if the wake time of the TV is greater than or equal to 10
seconds when quick start is disabled. In the latter scenario, quick
start is enabled to provide the shortest possible resume time. To
determine the wake time of the TV for the quick start configuration,
ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies connecting the UUT to LAN without any other
devices connected, playing the SDR IEC test clip, turning off the TV
for 20 minutes, and turning it back on such that it is configured to
turn on to the HDMI input connection that is playing the IEC test clip.
The time between turning on the TV to content being displayed is
determined to be the wake time of the TV for the configuration of quick
start function. Id. at 87 FR 11903-11904.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to adopt through reference
sections 9.1, 9.2, 9.7, and 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Id. at 87 FR 11904.
DOE tentatively determined that adopting these sections would address
stakeholder comments in response to the June 2016 RFI, would make the
DOE test procedure consistent with the industry standard for the
configuration of these settings, and would ensure that the DOE test
procedure is measuring power consumption in a representative and
repeatable manner. Id. While DOE proposed to reference these
requirements, DOE noted in the March 2022 NOPR that the most power
consumptive configuration of a special function may not be readily
identified, as required in section 9.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C, particularly
because ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies on mode testing
[[Page 16095]]
at three preset picture settings. DOE noted that ANSI/CTA-2037-C does
not address which configuration should be selected if a given special
function impacts power consumption differently when testing the
different preset picture settings or power modes. Additionally, DOE
noted in the March 2022 NOPR that the CTA working group was considering
updating this requirement to specify that the most energy consumptive
configuration of a special function must be selected if a forced menu
is displayed requiring the configuration of special functions. Id.
DOE also acknowledged in the March 2022 NOPR that the CTA working
group was considering changing how the most consumptive state is
determined. Specifically, the working group was considering changing
this requirement to specify that the option that is more likely to
increase energy consumption be selected. As an example, if a UUT has a
prompt for enabling or disabling location sharing, this special
function is unlikely to use a significant amount of additional energy,
but it is more likely that enabling it will result in higher energy
consumption than disabling it, and therefore, location sharing should
be enabled during testing, according to the language under
consideration by the CTA working group. Id. DOE additionally stated
that the CTA working group was considering other alternate language to
eliminate subjective configuration of special functions from forced
menu prompts. In particular, the working group was considering
specifying that if it is unknown which configuration yields the most
energy consumptive state, then the configuration that enables more
functionality should be selected, such as location sharing, data
reporting, or data backup. However, if a forced menu is displayed
requesting the configuration of features that would reduce or save
energy, the configuration that consumes maximum energy should be
selected (e.g., smart viewing modes or energy saving functionality).
The ultimate goal of such a requirement would be to select the
configuration that consumes the most energy, and it is expected that,
generally, enabling more functionality would consume more energy. The
CTA working group was also considering selecting the option that is
highlighted or pre-selected when a given forced menu prompt appears on
the screen. Id.
At the time of the March 2022 NOPR, the CTA working group was also
considering specifying that the TV must be tested in the default
settings for all functions other than those that require configuration
when a forced menu prompt appears on the screen. Further, the working
group was considering specifying that the tester must not log into any
services if prompted by a forced menu during initial setup, unless it
is required for the setup of any other functionality noted in the
standard (e.g., smart wake functionality setup via a smart speaker).
Id. The working group also intended to clarify certain requirements for
quick start. In particular, to measure the quick start wake time, ANSI/
CTA-2037-C specifies that the test must be conducted on LAN, without
WAN connection. The working group intended to remove this requirement
for ANSI/CTA-2037-D, so that the quick start wake time check is
conducted under the same settings as the rest of the test (i.e., on
WAN). Additionally, ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that the wake time must
be measured when the UUT wakes to the HDMI input. However, it does not
state how the wake time should be measured if the UUT does not wake to
the HDMI input. For ANSI/CTA-2037-D, the working group was considering
specifying that if the UUT does not wake to displaying video content
from the HDMI port, then the wake time measurement period would end as
soon as an HDMI input port can be selected to play content. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on whether it should
consider requiring that if a forced menu is displayed requesting the
configuration of specific features, then the most energy consumptive
configuration, as represented by AEC, must be selected (rather than the
most power consumptive configuration). Additionally, if stakeholders
supported the use of the most power consumptive configuration, DOE
requested comment on whether it should specify that the power
consumption measurement is averaged over the duration of the test. Id.
at 87 FR 11905.
DOE also requested comment on any approaches that were under
consideration for ANSI/CTA-2037-D by the CTA working group for the
initial setup of the TV, the configuration of forced menu options, or
the requirements for the quick start wake time measurement test. Id.
CTA et al. recommended that DOE adopt ANSI/CTA-2037-D, including
the requirements in section 9.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which stipulate
that, if a forced menu is displayed, then the menu selection(s) which
result in the most energy consumptive state shall be selected. CTA et
al. also stated that the most energy consumptive state does not need to
be determined by running complete tests and calculating AEC for each
configuration. Instead, if the most energy consumptive state is not
obvious, then the configuration that results in the most functionality
should be selected. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 13)
CTA et al. also commented that DOE should adopt the requirements in
section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D for quick start functionality, which
requires that quick start wake time be measured to determine if it
should be enabled during testing. (Id. at p. 14) ANSI/CTA-2037-D
includes some updates in the introductory text of section 9 and
sections 9.1, 9.2, 9.7, and 9.10 (which is the new section number for
quick start requirements, compared to section 9.9 in ANSI/CTA-2037-C).
Specifically, the introductory text of section 9 specifies explicitly
that the UUT must be configured and tested in the home
configuration,\14\ while this same requirement is specified in section
9.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Accordingly, DOE is adopting the introductory
text in section 9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D in this final rule.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\14\ Home configuration is the configuration designed for
typical consumer viewing and is recommended by the manufacturer for
home environments. It is typically selected from the forced menu
wherein a selection needs to be made for ``home'' vs. ``retail''
configurations.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Additionally, section 9.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that the UUT
must operate on the latest manufacturer-supplied firmware. Section 9.1
of ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies the same requirements but changes the term
``firmware'' to ``software;'' i.e., the UUT must operate on the latest
manufacturer-supplied software. As discussed previously, ANSI/CTA-2037-
D also includes a definition for ``software,'' which specifies, in
part, that code that might be classified as ``firmware'' elsewhere is
classified as ``software'' in ANSI/CTA-2037-D. Overall, it is DOE's
understanding that while ANSI/CTA-2037-C and ANSI/CTA-2037-D use
different terminologies, the intent of the requirement is the same.
Accordingly, DOE is adopting section 9.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the UUT
software update requirements.
Section 9.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C and ANSI/CTA-2037-D specify the
initial steps to configurate the TV prior to conducting tests. However,
in the published ANSI/CTA-2037-D, the CTA working group finalized each
of the items that were discussed as being under consideration in the
March 2022 NOPR. These include configuration of features required via
forced menu prompts using the most energy consumptive state rather than
the most power consumptive state. ANSI/CTA-2037-D also specifies that
the most energy consumptive state is selected
[[Page 16096]]
based on the configuration that enables more functionality unless the
feature would reduce or save energy, in which case the configuration
that consumes maximum energy is selected, as discussed in the March
2022 NOPR. Section 9.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D also specifies that the
tester must not log into any services if prompted by a forced menu
during initial setup, unless it is required for the setup of any other
functionality noted in the standard (e.g., smart wake functionality
setup via a smart speaker), as discussed in the March 2022 NOPR. These
clarifications are intended to improve repeatability and
reproducibility while configuring the initial TV settings. Accordingly,
DOE is adopting section 9.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the initial
configuration requirements. DOE notes that ANSI/CTA-2037-D also
includes a new section 9.2.1 to specify network configuration
requirements. These requirements were previously specified in section
9.10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C. DOE discusses networking requirements in
section III.G.6 of this document.
Section 9.7 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies the same requirements as
those specified in section 9.7 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C and discussed in the
March 2022 NOPR for the configuration of MDD for SDR preset picture
settings. Since MDD is not known to impact power consumption of HDR10
preset picture settings when tested with the HDR10 IEC test clip, the
configuration of MDD in the HDR10 preset picture setting is not
expected to impact results. Accordingly, DOE is adopting section 9.7 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the MDD setup.
Finally, for the quick start requirements specified in section 9.10
of ANSI/CTA-2037-D, the CTA working group adopted each of the
requirements that were discussed as being under consideration in the
March 2022 NOPR. The updated quick start requirements are intended to
reduce burden by removing the requirement to wait for displayed content
to appear, which is sometimes not repeatable, and improve
representativeness by clarifying that the TV be connected to LAN and
WAN. Accordingly, DOE is adopting section 9.10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D for
the quick start requirements.
2. Media Player Setup and Connection
Sections 5.2 and 5.3 of appendix H require the use of an HDMI input
cable and the HDMI input terminal that is designed for viewing live TV
or dynamic content from a Blu-ray Disc player or set-top-box. However,
appendix H does not provide additional instructions regarding the
settings that must be selected for the media player (e.g., noise
reduction, upscaling, etc.).
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that section 9.3 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C specifies requirements for playing video test files using the
media player. Specifically, this section specifies that for all UUT
setup and test tasks requiring video play, video test files stored on a
USB flash drive shall be played from the media player by inserting the
USB flash drive into the media player, connecting the media player to
the UUT using an HDMI cable, and selecting the HDMI input on the UUT
associated with the media player. On the media player, a video setting
shall be selected that performs no video processing (e.g., no noise
reduction, no upscaling, no adjustment of color, hue, contrast, or
brightness). 87 FR 11892, 11905.
Accordingly, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to incorporate by
reference section 9.3 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the media player setup and
connection. Id. DOE received no comments specific to this topic in
response to the March 2022 NOPR.
The published ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies the same requirements in
section 9.3. Accordingly, DOE amends appendix H by referencing the
media player setup and connection requirements in section 9.3 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D.
3. Test Clips
Appendix H currently specifies use of the IEC 62087:2011 Blu-ray
Disc dynamic broadcast-content video signal (i.e., the IEC test clip)
for all on mode testing. Section 5.7 of appendix H requires the video
aspect ratio of the video signal to fill the entire screen, and section
5.8 of appendix H requires the frame rate and resolution of the video
signal to match the highest available format signal capable of the UUT.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that stakeholders have
collaborated during both IEC and CTA working groups to identify an
appropriate test clip for TV testing. As a result of these meetings,
the SDR IEC test clip continues to be used for testing the SDR preset
picture settings. Additionally, an adapted HDR10 test clip (referred to
as the ``HDR10 IEC test clip'' elsewhere in this document), has been
developed by the Collaborative Labeling and Appliance Standards Program
(``CLASP''), for testing HDR10 preset picture settings. Members of the
IEC and CTA working groups have agreed to use this HDR10 test clip for
testing HDR10 preset picture settings in the respective industry
standards. 87 FR 11892, 11905-11906
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies
use of the SDR IEC test clip for SDR preset picture settings and the
HDR10 IEC test clip for HDR10 preset picture settings, while providing
similar direction as appendix H for the aspect ratio, resolution, and
frame rate of the video signal. Id. at 87 FR 11906. Additionally, ANSI/
CTA-2037-C specifies that the test clips be played via a USB flash
drive rather than a Blu-ray Disc. Id.
Accordingly, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference
sections 7.2 and 9.5 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the test clip provisions.
Section 7.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies the video files that should be
used for determination of on mode power consumption and states that the
file with the highest resolution supported by the UUT shall be used.
Four test clips are specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C, two of which are used
for SDR preset picture settings and two of which are used for HDR10
preset picture settings. Section 9.5 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C additionally
specifies that the aspect ratio of the video content must fill the
entire screen without being cropped to ensure all TV pixels are
activated during testing. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
reference the SDR and HDR10 IEC test clips specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C
for testing TVs in the default, brightest, and HDR10 preset picture
settings. Id.
ASAP et al. stated that the proposed IEC test clips have abnormally
short scenes and lack TV viewing-related sounds, such as human voices,
that are found in typical TV content. ASAP et al. encouraged DOE to
develop a new test clip that is more representative of real-world video
and sound as part of a future rulemaking. (ASAP et al., No. 18 at p. 2)
DOE recognizes that the SDR IEC test clip may not be entirely
representative of current real-world video content. However, DOE has
determined that certain other requirements specified in this final rule
(e.g., configuration of special functions, preset picture settings
selected for on mode testing, dynamic luminance measurement, etc.)
address many of the identified shortcomings of the SDR IEC test clip,
particularly related to the short scenes. DOE additionally notes that
the HDR10 IEC test clip specified by this final rule is more
representative of real-world video content.
In addition, DOE believes that IEC is the most suitable forum to
build international consensus on the development of a future test clip
to be used for TV energy testing. If a new test
[[Page 16097]]
clip were to be developed through international consensus, DOE would
evaluate the clip and, if appropriate, consider it for the DOE test
procedure. DOE would welcome participation in any such international
effort.
ANSI/CTA-2037-D includes the same requirements regarding test clips
as those discussed in the March 2022 NOPR. Additionally, the published
standard includes the websites at which each of the test clips can be
accessed. For the reasons discussed above, and in the March 2022 NOPR,
DOE adopts the requirements for the test clips in appendix H as
referenced in sections 7.2 and 9.5 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
4. Preset Picture Settings for On Mode Tests
Appendix H requires on mode testing only in the default preset
picture setting. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE specified that ANSI/CTA-
2037-C requires on mode testing using three preset picture settings,
based on the functionality of the TV: default SDR, brightest SDR, and
the default HDR10 preset picture settings. 87 FR 11892, 11907. In the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE explained that these preset picture settings are
determined as specified in sections 9.6 and 9.8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C.
Specifically, section 9.6 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C requires the tester to
play the SDR IEC test clip to identify the SDR default preset picture
setting and the HDR10 IEC test clip to identify the HDR10 default
preset picture setting. If ABC is enabled by default in these preset
picture settings, the on mode test is conducted with ABC enabled.
Section 9.8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C instructs the tester to identify the
brightest preset picture setting using the SDR IEC test clip, which is
played for 5 minutes while the camera photometer collects the dynamic
luminance of the UUT in each preset picture setting. The preset picture
setting with the highest dynamic luminance is determined to be the
brightest preset picture setting and is used during on mode testing.
Section 9.8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C also includes details such as how to
determine the brightest preset picture setting if the dynamic luminance
of each considered preset picture setting is very similar and specifies
certain preset picture settings that are specifically excluded, such as
``PC'' or ``Game.'' Id. Additionally, DOE stated in the March 2022 NOPR
that the CTA working group was considering explicitly stating that the
brightest preset picture setting must be identified with ABC disabled.
Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE had tentatively determined the
methodology specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C addressed many of the issues
in appendix H pertaining to testing only a single preset picture
setting; and that the methodology specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C--
capturing a range of preset picture settings that are reflective of
different resolutions and brightness settings that consumers may choose
among--would produce test results that are more representative of
average TV use than the current requirements of appendix H. Id.
Accordingly, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference
sections 9.6 and 9.8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C to identify the preset picture
settings that must be selected for testing. DOE additionally proposed
to specify that the brightest preset picture setting must be identified
with ABC disabled.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also noted that it was aware of certain
preset picture settings being introduced on recent TVs that are known
to adapt the TV's configuration based on the content, usage pattern,
and the environment in which the TV operates. These TVs use artificial
intelligence technology to adapt and adjust these settings and such a
preset picture setting is sometimes available in addition to Filmmaker
mode (defined in section III.C of this document). Id. While DOE did not
propose any requirement around such a preset picture setting in the
March 2022 NOPR, it requested additional information about such preset
picture settings and whether DOE should consider excluding such preset
picture settings when selecting the default SDR, brightest SDR, and
default HDR10 preset picture settings that are required for testing on
mode power consumption. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
reference the requirements in ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the selection of the
preset picture settings that must be used for testing and additionally
specifying that the brightest preset picture setting be identified with
ABC disabled. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also requested information on preset
picture settings that can adapt the TV's configuration based on
content, usage pattern, environment, etc. DOE also requested comment on
whether such preset picture settings should be excluded from testing,
even if they are one of the default SDR, brightest SDR, or default
HDR10 preset picture settings. If stakeholders support excluding such a
preset picture setting from testing, DOE requested comment on which
preset picture setting(s) should be used for testing instead,
particularly if the intelligent preset picture setting is a default SDR
or default HDR10 preset picture setting. Id.
CTA et al. commented that DOE should adopt the requirements in
section 9.6 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the identification of the default
SDR and HDR10 preset picture settings. CTA et al. also recommended
adopting the requirements in section 9.8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the
selection of the brightest preset picture setting. (CTA et al., No. 21
at p. 14)
ComEd and NEEA stated there is insufficient information about
adaptive picture settings to include them in the test procedure and
2019 NEEA field research showed little use of these settings. (ComEd
and NEEA, No. 20 at p. 4)
DOE notes that adaptive picture settings may cause repeatability
and reproducibility issues by altering the TVs configuration during
testing. Therefore, DOE agrees with ComEd and NEEA that adaptive
picture settings should be excluded from the test procedure.
Sections 9.6 and 9.8 of the published ANSI/CTA-2037-D specify the
same requirements as those proposed in the March 2022 NOPR, including
determining the brightest preset picture setting with ABC off. As no
other changes have been made to the preset picture selection between
ANSI/CTA-2037-C and ANSI/CTA-2037-D, DOE amends the preset picture
settings for on mode testing to reference sections 9.6 and 9.8 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D.
5. Sound Level
Section 5.9 of appendix H specifies that the TV sound level shall
be configured in accordance with section 11.4.11 of IEC 62087:2011.
Section 11.4.11 of IEC 62087:2011 specifies that the volume control
shall be adjusted to a level at which the sound output is audible. DOE
understands this instruction to mean starting with the volume control
at zero and increasing the volume until an audible level is achieved.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that section 9.4 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C specifies that the volume control shall be adjusted to a level
greater than zero that is closest to 2 percent of the maximum (e.g., a
TV with a maximum level of 30 would have its volume set to 1). As this
requirement is more objective than the current requirement specified in
IEC 62087:2011, while resulting in comparable sound levels, in the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference section 9.4 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C for the sound level requirements in appendix H. 87 FR 11892,
11907.
ASAP et al. encouraged DOE to consider measuring power consumption
using more representative TV sound
[[Page 16098]]
levels as part of a future rulemaking and encouraged DOE to conduct
testing at different sound levels to determine the relationship between
TV volume and power consumption. (ASAP et al., No. 18, at p. 2)
In the NOPR public meeting, NEEA and Pacific Crest Lab (``PCL'')
commented that the current test clips have 1 kilohertz (``kHz'') sine
waves as the sound on the test clips and the test clips would need to
be redesigned to accommodate more representative sound. Associated with
the update to the test clip, NEEA and PCL stated that testing
laboratories would also need to be redesigned, with soundproofing for
instance, if a more representative sound is used on the test clip. NEEA
and PCL additionally stated that it would be a longer-term goal to
change the sound requirements for the TV test procedure. (Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at p. 43-44)
DOE has determined that the sound level configuration specified in
ANSI/CTA-2037-D (which is same as the requirement in ANSI/CTA-2037-C)
ensures a repeatable and reproducible sound level by specifying the
volume be set to a percentage of the maximum volume rather than relying
on the audibility of the sound. Accordingly, DOE is adopting this
requirement in this final rule. Should additional data become available
regarding the impact of sound level on measured power use, or a
representative sound level for conducting testing, DOE may consider a
different sound level in a future test procedure rulemaking.
For reasons discussed here and, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE amends
the sound level configuration to reference section 9.4 of ANSI/CTA2037-
D.
6. Network Configuration
Section 5.10 of appendix H specifies the network connection
configuration to which the UUT must be connected. Section 5.10.2 of
appendix H requires the UUT to be connected to a LAN both in on mode
and prior to being placed in standby mode, if the TV is network
enabled. The LAN shall allow devices to ping other devices on the
network but must not allow access to a WAN. Section 5.10.2 of appendix
H also provides a network connection hierarchy table prioritizing that
the UUT be connected via Wi-Fi, then Ethernet if Wi-Fi is not supported
by the UUT.
Sections 7.1.8, 9.9, 9.10, and 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C include
requirements for network-related equipment and configuration of network
connections, and configuration of specified networking devices.
Specifically, section 7.1.8.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that the
internet network connection shall support download speeds of at least
25 megabytes per second (``MBps'') and upload speeds of at least 3
Mbps. Sections 7.1.8.2 and 7.1.8.3 specify the use of a smart speaker
that shall be used to conduct the wake-by-smart-speaker test and the
use of a mobile device that is used for remote control and casting
applications. Section 7.1.8.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that a
network traffic generator shall be configured to output multicast
discovery packets to the LAN every 1 second. The packets include
requests to the UUT typical of everyday use \15\ that can be responded
to over LAN by the UUT. 87 FR 11892, 11907-11908. Section 9.10 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-C requires that for UUTs that are network enabled, both the on
mode and standby mode tests be conducted with the UUT connected to WAN
as well as up to three additional devices (i.e., the smart speaker,
mobile device, and network traffic generator) connected via the LAN.
Section 9.10 also requires that the LAN network include no other
networking devices besides the devices required to conduct the test
(i.e., the smart speaker, mobile device, and network traffic
generator). Section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that for TVs that
are advertised to support wake-by-remote-control-app (``WbRA''), wake-
on-cast (``WoC''), or wake-by-smart-speaker (``WbS''), enable as many
of the supported smart wake features as possible. Any devices used to
configure these features (e.g., mobile device, smart speaker, etc.)
should be connected to the same LAN as the UUT. Section 9.11 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-C further specifies that the goal is to configure the UUT to
wake with as many of the three identified smart wake features as
possible.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\15\ For example, the packets include commands sent to the
Google and Spotify internet servers.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DOE stated in the March 2022 NOPR, that the CTA working group was
considering explicitly specifying the following additional
requirements: (a) the LAN must not include other networking devices
besides the devices required to conduct the test; (b) internet
connectivity must be confirmed (e.g., by streaming media); (c) if the
UUT does not support Wi-Fi or Ethernet connectivity then it shall not
be connected to other possible forms of network connection (e.g.,
MoCA); and, (d) the three smart wake features must be enabled before
performing any of the on or standby mode tests. Id.
DOE's analysis of the market indicates that most TVs currently on
the market are equipped with the capability to connect to the network.
The growing availability of streaming services and video content via
digital media suggests that a growing percentage of TVs are connected
to an active internet connection when installed in a consumer's home.
Additionally, the growth in the market for connected devices,
particularly mobile devices and smart speakers, suggests that these
devices are also becoming more prevalent in consumer homes.
Based on an analysis of the market and the requirements specified
in ANSI/CTA-2037-C and those under consideration at the time for ANSI/
CTA-2037-D, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE tentatively concluded that the
network configuration requirements specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C--which
require an active internet connection for the TV and the configuration
of three different types of devices connected to the same local
network--are more representative of TVs currently sold on the market
than the requirements currently specified in appendix H. Therefore, in
the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference the network connection
requirements specified in sections 7.1.8, 9.10, and 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C. Id.
DOE additionally noted that it had found through its testing that
configuring the specified network devices, especially the smart
speaker, to communicate with the TV was challenging for some TV models
due to inadequate setup instructions. Further, DOE experienced
challenges pairing certain TV models with smart speakers, noting that
some TV models could only connect to certain smart speaker brands, but
not others. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
reference sections 7.1.8, 9.10, and 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the
network configuration requirements. DOE also requested comment on the
updates being considered by the CTA working group for ANSI/CTA-2037-D
as they pertain to the WAN and LAN connection requirements and the
connection requirements for smart wake features. Id.
DOE also requested feedback on its observed challenges with pairing
certain TV models with smart speakers. Id.
CTA et al. stated that DOE should adopt the requirements in
sections 7.1.8, 9.9, and 9.10 of ANSI/CTA2037-D \16\ regarding network
configuration
[[Page 16099]]
requirements. CTA et al. additionally stated that, at the time of
filing the comments, the CTA working group was still discussing
appropriate wording for section 7.1.8 and its subsections, which
describe the network activity to be generated during testing. (CTA et
al., No. 21 at p. 14) CTA et al. additionally commented that DOE should
adopt the requirements from ANSI/CTA-2037-D, including section 9.10
\17\ which describes how to configure a TV to be woken using smart
speakers and how to address situations where a smart speaker is unable
to wake the TV. CTA et al. noted that, according to CTA et al., ANSI/
CTA-2037-D addressed the issues pertaining to pairing certain TVs with
certain smart speakers. (Id. at p. 15) CTA et al. commented that DOE
should not include any additional specifications beyond those specified
in ANSI/CTA-2037-D. (Id.)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\16\ DOE observes that while CTA et al. commented that the
relevant network configuration requirements are specified in
sections 7.1.8, 9.9, and 9.10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D, the requirements
are in fact specified in sections 7.1.8, 9.2.1, and 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-D.
\17\ These requirements are specified in section 9.9 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANSI/CTA-2037-D generally includes the same networking requirements
as those specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C. While DOE referenced sections
7.1.8, 9.10, and 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the networking
requirements in the March 2022 NOPR, these same requirements are
specified in sections 7.1.8, 9.2.1, and 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
Additionally, section 7.1.8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D removes the requirement
regarding additional packet generation as specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C.
Based on DOE's ongoing participation in the CTA standard development
process, DOE understands that the reason for removing this requirement
is that the wake features utilized during the on mode and standby
testing already generate packets that are representative of average
household usage, and that any additional packets generated artificially
via a packet generator would not be representative.
Additionally, the requirements in section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D
are generally the same as those in section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C,
except that section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D removes the test specified
in ANSI/CTA 2037-C to confirm at the end of a standby mode test that
the TV can be powered on via a smart wake feature. Instead, section 9.9
of ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies that to reduce test burden, the test
method does not require testers to confirm [via a separate test] that
they have configured smart wake features to persist throughout the
entire standby test period; however, testers should confirm that they
understand how to achieve this result for all UUT brands or platforms
tested.\18\ Section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D additionally provides
guidance for the tester if any of the smart wake functions do not work.
This includes testing with a different smart speaker brand and
suggesting enabling quick start, which is a common setting that must be
enabled for smart wake features to function and mitigates the
challenges that DOE observed when testing according to a draft version
of ANSI/CTA-2037-C associated with pairing the smart speaker with the
TV. The smart wake devices are also required to stay configured to the
UUT even if the 5-second check is not successful. These requirements
generally ensure that testing is conducted in the same environment as
that specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\18\ Section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D further states that, for
example, it is common that the Quick Start feature must be enabled
in order to enable persistent smart wake features.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DOE found that the additional instructions for configuring and
connecting the smart speaker provided by ANSI/CTA-2037-D are helpful
for informing testers of the common missteps made while configuring the
smart speaker and would help improve repeatability and reproducibility
across test labs. Additionally, the updated network requirements in
ANSI/CTA-2037-D are more representative of modern TVs and home network
environments. For the reasons discussed here and, in the March 2022
NOPR, DOE amends the network configuration requirements to reference
sections 7.1.8, 9.2.1, and 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
H. Test Conduct
Section 7 of appendix H specifies the tests for measuring on mode
power consumption, luminance, standby mode power consumption, and off
mode power consumption. The following sections describe the amendments
DOE proposed to each of these tests in the March 2022 NOPR as well as
the final requirements adopted in this final rule.
1. On Mode Test
As discussed in previous sections, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
proposed to adopt the testing requirements specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-
C, which specifies a new method to measure dynamic screen luminance at
the same time as on mode power consumption. Accordingly, the on mode
test specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies requirements for camera
configuration, UUT stabilization, and measurement of luminance and
power consumption. 87 FR 11892, 11908.
Section 10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies the camera configuration
and UUT stabilization procedure. First, the camera photometer must be
configured to ensure that the UUT's screen border fits in the camera's
field of view. Additionally, the color correction factors must be
identified, if necessary, per the camera manufacturer's instructions.
The UUT is then stabilized by playing the first 5 minutes of the IEC
SDR test clip multiple times until the average power level between
successive runs of the clip is within 2 percent. The procedure
specifies that final camera configuration is performed just before on
mode testing so that the UUT remains stabilized during the transition
from this step to on mode testing. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed
to reference section 10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C in appendix H to specify the
UUT and camera photometer stabilization requirements.
Section 11.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies the on mode test conduct,
which as discussed, specifies measuring power consumption and dynamic
luminance simultaneously. ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies conducting on mode
testing in the SDR default, SDR brightest, and HDR10 default preset
picture settings. All UUTs are tested with ABC off at the default
backlight in each preset picture setting. In ANSI/CTA-2037-C, any
preset picture setting with ABC off by default is additionally tested
with the backlight level set to 20 percent of its maximum backlight
level. As specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C, any preset picture setting with
ABC on by default is additionally tested at 140 lux, 50 lux, 17 lux,
and 4 lux room illuminance levels. These room illuminance levels are
not identical, but are in practice equivalent, to the room illuminance
levels specified in the current appendix H (i.e., 100 lux, 35 lux, 12
lux, and 3 lux) for the following reason. Appendix H requires the lamp
to be placed directly in front of the ABC sensor to set room
illuminance levels at 100 lux, 35 lux, 12 lux, and 3 lux. Given that
ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies the lamp to be placed at an angle of 45[deg]
from the ABC sensor, the room illuminance levels are slightly higher to
ensure that the light at the ABC sensor is equivalent to the current
room illuminance values with the lamp placed directly in front of the
ABC sensor.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference these
requirements for the on mode power and luminance measurements in the
default SDR, brightest SDR, and default HDR10 preset picture settings.
However, for the brightest SDR preset picture setting, in the March
2022 NOPR DOE proposed to only utilize the on mode
[[Page 16100]]
power consumption with ABC disabled for the calculation of AEC,
regardless of the default ABC setting. This is because the selection of
the brightest preset picture setting is performed with ABC disabled [as
discussed in section III.G.4 of this document]. If ABC were then
enabled during the on mode measurement test, it would be inconsistent
with how the preset picture setting was selected and may not truly
capture the intended brightest preset picture setting's luminance and
power. 87 FR 11892, 11908.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
reference section 10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the camera photometer and
stabilization requirements. DOE also requested comment on its proposal
to reference section 11.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the on mode dynamic
luminance and power measurement. Specifically, DOE requested comment on
using the brightest preset picture setting measurement with ABC turned
off for the AEC calculation, regardless of its default setting. Id.
Additionally, in the NOPR public meeting, DOE discussed that the
CTA working group was considering specifying certain additional
requirements for the on mode tests. Specifically, DOE noted that the
working group was considering specifying that ABC-enabled tests that
are conducted at each room illuminance level should include a 1-minute
stabilization period at each room illuminance level. (See Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at p. 26) DOE additionally noted that for
preset picture settings with ABC disabled by default, the CTA working
group was considering replacing the measurement point at 20 percent of
the maximum backlight level with two measurement points, i.e., the
minimum backlight level and a second measurement point that is halfway
between the minimum and default backlight level. (Id. at p. 27) DOE
also noted that the working group was considering including
requirements that if the minimum backlight level is too dim to view the
IEC test clip's countdown timer, the backlight level can be increased
until the countdown timer is visible. Additionally, the working group
was considering specifying that if a backlight setting is not
available, then the backlight is adjusted via the brightness or the
luminance setting. Id.
In response to the March 2022 NOPR, CTA et al. commented that DOE
should adopt the requirements in section 10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D
regarding configuration of the camera and stabilization of the TV. CTA
et al. also commented that DOE should adopt the requirements in section
11.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D regarding on mode testing, including using the
test results with ABC on for the brightest preset picture setting if
ABC is on by default, because CTA et al. does not expect consumers to
manually change the ABC setting when using a TV's brightest preset
picture setting. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 15)
The CA IOUs recommended that DOE test the brightest SDR preset
picture setting in the default ABC setting during the on mode test,
rather than always disabled because the ABC feature reduces power
consumption and would encourage manufactures to support the ABC feature
and enable it by default. (CA IOUs, No. 19 at p. 4; Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 16 at p. 32-33)
ComEd and NEEA supported testing the brightest preset picture
setting with ABC disabled to avoid circumvention of the brightest
preset picture setting test. (ComEd and NEEA, No. 20 at p. 4)
While CTA et al. and the CA IOUs commented that the on mode power
consumption of the brightest preset picture setting should be
determined with ABC enabled, if ABC is enabled by default in the
brightest preset picture setting, DOE notes that ANSI/CTA-2037-D
calculates the on mode power consumption of the brightest preset
picture setting at the ABC disabled measurement point in Annex A of the
standard. DOE is adopting this approach (as discussed in section III.1
of this document) because DOE has determined that if the brightest
preset picture setting is identified with ABC disabled, then, for
consistency, its representative power consumption in on mode must also
be measured with ABC disabled. Further, the on mode test requirements
specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-D state that for preset picture settings
with ABC enabled, on mode power consumption can be measured at each of
the room illuminance levels, in addition to the ABC off measurement
point. Should stakeholders be interested in the power consumption with
ABC enabled, these values will be determined as part of the test
procedure, but for the calculation of average on mode power consumption
and AEC, DOE is specifying that only the ABC off measurement point be
used for the brightest preset picture setting. Section III.I of this
document discusses the on mode power consumption and AEC calculations
for all other preset picture settings and power modes, respectively.
Section 10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies the same requirements as
those specified in section 10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the camera
configuration and UUT stabilization but additionally specifies that the
camera photometer must be powered on for at least 30 minutes prior to
the final camera configuration. Based on its participation in the CTA
standards development process, DOE understands that this requirement is
intended to improve repeatability and reproducibility, as the camera
requires a period of time to ``warm up.''
Additionally, as discussed during the NOPR public meeting, section
11.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies on mode test requirements, some of
which are similar to those specified in section 11.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C
while other requirements have been updated to those that were under
consideration at the time of the NOPR public meeting. Specifically,
ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies that the UUT must be stabilized by playing
the first 5 minutes of the IEC test clip until the average power is
within 2 percent of the previous run. ANSI/CTA-2037-D additionally
specifies that for tests conducted with ABC enabled, the UUT shall have
1 minute to stabilize after the room illuminance level has been
configured before starting each ABC enabled test. Additionally, all
preset picture settings are tested at the default backlight level with
ABC disabled. For preset picture settings with ABC enabled, tests are
conducted at room illuminance levels of 140 lux, 50 lux, 17 lux, and 4
lux. For preset picture settings with ABC disabled, tests are conducted
at the minimum backlight and a backlight level that is approximately
halfway between default and minimum backlight, as discussed during the
NOPR public meeting. Finally, ANSI/CTA-2037-D also finalized the
requirement that if the minimum backlight level is too dim to view the
IEC test clip's countdown timer, the backlight level can be increased
until the countdown timer is visible and specifies that if a backlight
setting is not available, then the backlight is adjusted via the
brightness or the luminance setting, as discussed during the NOPR
public meeting.
Based on its experience with testing TVs, DOE has determined that
the additional stabilization period specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-D at
each room illuminance level is crucial for repeatability of test
results as TVs typically require some time to adjust to changes in room
illuminance and is not unduly burdensome. DOE also expects the
clarifications specified regarding how to adjust the backlight level
will ensure that a TV unit under test is configured consistently during
testing. Accordingly, for the reasons discussed here and, in the March
2022 NOPR,
[[Page 16101]]
DOE amends the on mode test to reference sections 10 and 11.1 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D.
2. Luminance Test
Section 7.2 of appendix H specifies the procedures for measuring
the luminance of the UUT by playing the static IEC 3-bar, black-and-
white image and measuring the instantaneous luminance. As discussed,
ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies measuring the dynamic luminance concurrently
with on mode power consumption in each preset picture setting utilizing
a camera photometer, which provides more representative results
compared to a single instantaneous luminance. As such, in the March
2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the on mode
power consumption and dynamic luminance measurement and remove the
separate luminance test currently specified in section 7.2 of appendix
H. 87 FR 11892, 11909.
The CA IOUs recommended that DOE address the significantly reduced
dynamic luminance values measured using the camera photometer method
compared to the current Federal test method's spot measurements. The CA
IOUs also recommended that DOE include luminance measurement using both
dynamic test clips and the existing 3-bar black-and-white test pattern,
stating that it is a better representation of peak luminance. (CA IOUs,
No. 19 at p. 4)
DOE is aware that the dynamic luminance values are lower than the
values measured by the instantaneous 3-bar luminance method. This is
because dynamic luminance measures the luminance of the TV screen when
playing the test clips, which includes many different scenes with
movement and images that include a wide range of different colors.
Whereas, the static 3-bar image displays a static pattern of pure white
and pure black bars, and screen luminance at the location of the pure
white bar is measured. The luminance of the static 3-bar image is
generally greater than the dynamic luminance measurement because pure
white has the highest luminance compared to any other color. However,
during representative consumer use, TV screens do not display a static,
pure-white image. Therefore, even though the dynamic luminance values
are lower, this measurement is more representative of consumer use.
Furthermore, the dynamic luminance yields a measurement of power
consumption that directly corresponds to the luminance of the screen
during the test. For these reasons, DOE is specifying that dynamic
luminance be measured concurrently with on mode power consumption in
lieu of performing a separate static luminance measurement test using
the static 3-bar image.
For the reasons discussed here and, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE is
finalizing the removal of the luminance test specified in appendix H
and referencing ANSI/CTA-2037-D for on mode power consumption and
dynamic luminance measurement.
3. Standby Mode Test
Section 7.3 of appendix H specifies the procedures for measuring
the power consumption of TVs in standby mode, which encompasses
standby-passive mode and standby-active, low mode.
For conducting these tests, appendix H specifies using the
methodology prescribed in section 5.3.1 of IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0, which
states that standby mode power consumption shall be determined using
one of three methods--sampling method, average reading method, or
direct meter reading method. Specifically, IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0 specifies
that the UUT must be energized for not less than 15 minutes; data
recorded in the second two-thirds of the total test duration is used to
determine stability. For input powers less than or equal to 1 watt,
stability is established when a linear regression through all power
readings for the second two-thirds of the data has a slope of less than
10 milli-watts per hour (``mW/h''); for input powers of more than 1
watt, stability is established when a linear regression through all
power readings for the second two-thirds of the data has a slope of
less than 1 percent of the measured input power per hour. The test
duration is extended up to a maximum of 3 hours until the stability
criteria are met. If stability cannot be achieved within 3 hours, IEC
62301 Ed. 2.0 specifies assessing the raw data for periodic or cyclic
patterns to meet different criteria specific to cyclic or irregular
power consumption patterns. IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0 also specifies additional
requirements for different scenarios, such as modes with cycle, non-
cyclic, unstable, or irregular power consumption.
Section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies the procedures for
performing the standby mode test. As part of the overall setup and
configuration requirements, the UUT is connected to WAN, and up to
three devices (i.e., smart speaker, mobile device, and network traffic
generator) are connected to the same LAN, as discussed previously in
section III.G.6 of this document. Section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C
specifies that the standby-active and standby-passive measurements
shall be conducted by powering down the UUT from the SDR default preset
picture setting configuration. After the UUT is powered down, power
consumption is measured at intervals of 1 second or shorter, and the
test concludes when the cumulative average of all data points taken in
the last third of the measurement period falls within 1
percent or 10 milliwatts (``mW'') of the average of the
last two-thirds of the total measurement period. The total measurement
period cannot be less than 60 minutes nor greater than 240 minutes. The
standby power measurement is the average power reading during the last
two-thirds of the total measurement period. If a UUT does not meet the
stability criteria at the end of 240 minutes, ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies
reviewing the power trace for any signs of unusual behavior, such as an
automatic update, and requires repeating the test if atypical behavior
was observed. Depending on the network capabilities of the UUT, the
measurement performed during the standby test is recorded as either a
standby-active mode \19\ measurement or a standby-passive mode \20\
measurement.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\19\ Section 5.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C defines standby-active mode
as a partial on mode power mode in which the UUT is connected to an
external power source and does not provide picture or sound. The UUT
can be switched into another power mode with the remote control
unit, an internal signal, or an external signal.
\20\ Section 5.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C defines standby-passive mode
as a partial on mode power mode in which the UUT is connected to an
external power source and does not provide picture or sound. The UUT
can be switched into another power mode with the remote control unit
or an internal signal, but not with an external signal.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accompanying the standby mode test, section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C
additionally requires a series of ``wake'' commands to be sent from the
specified networking devices to the TV to verify that the TV is
properly connected to the LAN and properly configured to communicate
with other devices on the network. Section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C
specifies how to wake the TV using three possible wake commands: WbRA,
WoC, or WbS. To start the test, the UUT is first powered down for 5
seconds and then powered on via one of the three wake commands
according to the following hierarchy: WbS if available, otherwise WoC,
otherwise WbRA (hereafter referred to as the ``5-second check test'').
The standby test is then performed, as described in the previous
paragraph. Subsequently, at the end of the standby mode test, the TV
must be woken using the same hierarchy as was used during the initial
5-second check test.
[[Page 16102]]
As discussed in the March 2022 NOPR, the CTA working group was
considering certain revisions to the test method for measuring power
consumption in standby mode. The following paragraph enumerates the
revisions that were under consideration by the working group for the
standby mode test. 87 FR 11892, 11910.
First, the CTA working group was considering removing the
requirement that the UUT must be woken using the smart wake devices at
the end of the standby mode test. Instead, the 5-second check test is
performed only once when the UUT is first powered down for 5 seconds.
If any or all of the configured smart wake features fail the 5-second
check test, then they must remain configured for the duration of the
test. Additionally, the working group was considering three different
parameters to record the standby mode power consumption, depending on
the level of functionality provided by the UUT in standby mode. For
UUTs with at least one smart wake feature enabled, the power
consumption is recorded as ``partial on mode with smart wake enabled.''
For UUTs with no advertised or enabled smart wake features, the power
consumption is recorded as ``partial on mode power with internet
connection'' and for non-internet connected UUTs, the power consumption
is recorded as ``partial on mode power without internet connection.''
Finally, the working group was considering removing the wake time test
provisions since this measurement is not repeatable because it is
dependent on how the TV is woken. Id. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
stated its concerns that if a TV cannot be consistently woken at the
end of the standby mode test, the measurement would not be
representative of real-world use. Id.
Overall, DOE noted in the March 2022 NOPR that in some instances,
neither the standby mode measurement nor the wake test was repeatable.
Lacking additional data, DOE proposed to reference the requirement
specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C, which specifies that the wake test must
be performed at the end of the standby mode measurement. Id.
Specifically, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference
section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the instructions to wake the UUT
from standby mode using network connected devices, and section 11.2 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-C to conduct the standby mode test. Specifically, DOE
proposed that at the end of the standby mode test, the UUT must be
woken using the smart wake features (as is specified in section 9.11 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-C) in the following order of preference: WbS, WoC, and
WbRA. If the UUT can be powered on using any one of these methods, its
standby mode power should be recorded as ``standby power with smart
wake enabled.'' However, if the UUT cannot be powered on using any of
the three specified methods either during the 5-second check test or at
the end of the standby mode test, the measured standby mode power
consumption would be recorded as ``standby power with internet
connection and without smart wake enabled.'' Id.
Similarly, DOE proposed that if the UUT was powered on during the
5-second check test but is unable to be powered on via any of the
network connected devices at the end of the standby mode test, the
measured power consumption would be recorded as ``standby power with
internet connection and without smart wake enabled.'' Additionally, TVs
that do not have network capability would be required to record the
measured standby power consumption as standby-passive mode measurement.
Id.
Additionally, section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that if a
UUT does not meet the stability criteria at the end of the 240-minute
measurement period, the tester should review the logged data for any
signs of unusual behavior--like that associated with the TV performing
an automatic update--and redo the test if atypical behavior was
observed. Id. at 87 FR 11910-11911. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted
that section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C did not provide instruction for
how to proceed if review of the logged data does not show any signs of
unusual behavior. Id. at 87 FR 11911.
DOE additionally stated in the March 2022 NOPR that, during
testing, it had observed that some TVs do not meet the stability
criteria after 240 minutes despite not exhibiting any unusual behavior.
To accommodate TVs that do not achieve stability after the end of
the specified 240-minute measurement period, DOE proposed in the March
2022 NOPR that the stability requirement be waived if the full 240
minutes conclude without meeting the stability criteria. In such cases,
DOE proposed that the average power during the last two-thirds of the
measurement period would be recorded as the standby-active mode
measurement. Id.
Finally, section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C includes instruction to
measure the wake time when performing the wake procedure following
completion of the standby mode test. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted
that the CTA working group was evaluating whether the wake time test
should be eliminated from ANSI/CTA-2037-D. DOE proposed to exclude the
measurement of wake time from the DOE test procedure, because DOE
tentatively concluded that ``wake time'' is a performance-related
feature that does not impact the energy consumption of the UUT. Id.
DOE requested comment on several topics pertaining to the standby
mode test requirements in the March 2022 NOPR. DOE requested
stakeholders to provide any additional data and information regarding
the repeatability of the standby mode test when connected to smart wake
functions, the ability to consistently wake the UUT using smart wake
functionality, and the representativeness of the standby mode test, if
a wake test is not included at the end of the standby mode duration.
Id. at 87 FR 11910.
DOE also requested comment on its proposal to reference section
11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C to measure the power consumption in standby
mode with some additional specifications. DOE also requested comment on
its proposal to reference section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for
conducting the wake tests at the completion of standby mode.
Additionally, DOE requested comment on the revisions that are under
consideration for the standby mode test by the CTA working group. Id.
DOE also requested comment on whether it is appropriate to
differentiate the standby mode power consumption of TVs that can be
powered on using any of the three specified methods versus those that
cannot be powered on using the smart wake features. DOE also requested
comment on whether there would be any benefit to differentiating
between the power consumption of such TVs. DOE requested comment on
whether the parameters ``standby smart wake'' and ``standby internet''
are appropriate or if it should consider other parameters, such as
``standby-active, high'' and ``standby-active, low,'' respectively. Id.
Finally, for TVs that do not meet the stability criteria of the
standby mode measurement, DOE requested comment on measuring power
consumption for 240 minutes and using the average power consumption
over the last two-thirds of the measurement period as the standby-
active mode measurement. Id. at 87 FR 11911.
In the NOPR public meeting, NEEA and PCL presented standby mode
test data to support reducing the standby mode test time. Specifically,
NEEA and PCL presented data showing that most TVs achieved stability
within 40
[[Page 16103]]
minutes and recommended reducing the minimum test time from 60 minutes
to 40 minutes. (Public Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at p. 61-63) NEEA and
PCL additionally agreed with DOE's proposal to not retest a unit if it
does not meet the stability criteria at the end of the 240-minute test
duration. (Public Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at p. 64)
In response to the March 2022 NOPR, ASAP et al. encouraged DOE to
monitor standby testing results to ensure that standby power
measurements are both repeatable and representative and encouraged DOE
to consider any necessary modifications to the standby testing methods
as part of a future rulemaking. (ASAP et al., No. 18 at p. 2) ComEd and
NEEA stated that ANSI/CTA-2037-D addresses the significant increase in
energy consumption driven by smart wake features and, therefore,
supported the adoption of ANSI/CTA-2037-D in the DOE test method.
(ComEd and NEEA, No. 20 at p. 2)
CTA et al. stated they are not aware of any issues related to the
repeatability of the standby mode test when connected to smart wake
functions, the ability to consistently wake the UUT using smart wake
functionality, or the representativeness of the standby mode test when
a wake test is not included at the end of the standby mode duration.
(CTA et al., No. 21 at pp. 15-16)
CTA et al. commented that DOE should adopt the test procedure for
measuring standby power described in section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
CTA et al. stated that DOE should not require that wake tests be
conducted at the completion of standby mode tests because the quick
start test specified in section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D runs a wake
time test and this test is completed before standby mode and on mode
testing because quick start is configured for these tests. (Id. at p.
16)
CTA et al. recommended that DOE adopt ANSI/CTA-2037-D, including
the revisions made to the standby mode test. CTA et al. also stated
that these revisions shorten the minimum test period and widen the
tolerance used to determine if standby power consumption is stable.
(Id.) CTA et al. additionally commented that DOE should adopt the
requirement in Annex B of ANSI/CTA-2037-D that the smart wake
capability of the TV be reported along with its standby power,
asserting that this would help consumers compare between TVs. CTA et
al. commented that DOE should include the parameters specified in ANSI/
CTA-2037-D to define the measured standby power. These include
``standby with smart wake enabled,'' ``standby with internet
connection,'' or ``standby without internet connection.'' (Id.)
CTA et al. also commented that using the average power consumption
of the last two-thirds of the measurement period in cases where the
required stability was not achieved is appropriate but that at the time
of filing comments, the CTA working group had not yet addressed this
topic. (Id. at pp. 16-17)
ComEd and NEEA agreed with the exclusion of the wake time test
because, according to ComEd and NEEA, the test is problematic, time
consuming, and could yield misleading results. (ComEd and NEEA, No. 20
at p. 4).
The CA IOUs recommended that DOE include a wake time measurement as
specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C to encourage consumer adoption of smart
wake features. (CA IOUs, No. 19 at p. 4)
Section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies some updates to conduct
the standby mode measurement compared to section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-
C. As noted by CTA et al., ANSI/CTA-2037-D widens the tolerance to
determine if standby power consumption is stable from 1
percent or 10 mW to 1 percent or
50 mW, whichever is greater. Given that the measured standby mode power
consumption of many TVs is 1 watt or less, DOE does not expect this
change to significantly impact measured results; additionally, it is
likely to reduce test burden for units that have generally stable
standby mode power consumption.
Further, ANSI/CTA-2037-D reduces the shortest total measurement
period from 60 minutes to 40 minutes, as recommended by NEEA and PCL
during the NOPR public meeting and by CTA et al. in its comments. This
requirement does not change the measured standby power; rather, it only
reduces the test duration for TVs that achieve stability prior to 60
minutes, thereby reducing test burden.
Additionally, ANSI/CTA-2037-D aligns with DOE's proposal in the
March 2022 NOPR to not retest a unit if it does not achieve the
specified stability requirements at the end of the standby mode test.
Specifically, ANSI/CTA-2307-D specifies that if the stability criteria
is not achieved at 240 minutes, which is the end of the standby mode
measurement period, then the data collected shall be used for
determining average power, as if the UUT had met the stability criteria
at the 240th minute. In this final rule, DOE is adopting section 11.2
of ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the standby mode test conduct.
Similar to ANSI/CTA-2037, accompanying the standby mode test,
section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies the smart wake functionality
that must be configured during both on mode and standby mode tests.
While the general smart wake configuration requirements between ANSI/
CTA-2037-C and ANSI/CTA-2037-D are the same, ANSI/CTA-2037-D removes
the wake test at the end of the standby mode test, which DOE had
proposed to include in the March 2022 NOPR. However, as discussed in
section III.G.6 of this document, section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D
explains that testers should confirm that they understand how to
configure smart wake features to persist throughout the entire standby
mode test period for all UUT brands or platforms that are tested. The
requirements in section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D generally ensure that
testing is conducted in the same environment as that specified in ANSI/
CTA-2037-C.
Additionally, as proposed in the March 2022 NOPR, ANSI/CTA-2037-D
specifies three different parameters to record standby mode power
consumption, depending on the level of functionality provided by the
UUT in standby mode. For UUTs with at least one advertised smart wake
feature, the power consumption is recorded as ``standby with smart wake
enabled.'' This label is even used for those TVs that may not be able
to wake using smart wake features because, as discussed in section 9.9
of ANSI/CTA-2037-D, this connection is maintained during both on mode
and standby mode. For UUTs with no advertised or enabled smart wake
features, the power consumption is recorded as ``standby with internet
connection'' and for non-internet connected UUTs, the power consumption
is recorded as ``standby without internet connection.'' In this final
rule, DOE is adopting section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the smart wake
features configuration and setup.
Finally, ANSI/CTA-2037-D does not include the wake time test. DOE
is also not including the wake time test in this final rule because
``wake time'' is a performance related feature that does not impact the
energy consumption of the UUT.
Although ANSI/CTA-2037-D does not reference IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0, the
standby power measurement procedure is consistent with the method
outlined in section 5.3 of IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0, with the stability
requirements adjusted specifically for TVs and an additional
specification for minimum and maximum test duration based on expected
TV behavior. Accordingly, DOE has determined that the standby power
test method specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-D is consistent with EPCA's
[[Page 16104]]
requirement under 42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A) which specifies that DOE
must consider the most current versions of IEC 62301 and IEC 62087 for
the standby power requirements. Therefore, in this final rule DOE
amends the standby mode requirements in appendix H to sections 9.9 and
11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
4. Off Mode Test
Section 7.4 of appendix H references IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0 for
measuring the off mode power consumption of TVs. In the March 2022
NOPR, DOE stated that while ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies the same
methodology to measure off mode power consumption as that specified for
standby mode, the CTA working group was considering removing the off
mode test. 87 FR 11892, 11911.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed removing the existing off mode
test specified in appendix H because TVs generally do not have an off
mode that is distinct from standby mode. Id. DOE noted that even when a
TV is powered off using a remote, it typically has some functionality
operational to be able to receive a signal from the remote control or
other device to turn back on, which meets the definition of standby
mode rather than off mode. Id. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested
comment on its proposal to remove the off mode test from appendix H.
CTA et al. agreed that an off mode test was not necessary and
stated that ANSI/CTA-2037-D does not include such a test. (CTA et al.,
No. 21 at p. 17)
For the reasons discussed here and, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE is
removing the off mode test from appendix H.
I. Calculation of Annual Energy Consumption
Section 8 of appendix H specifies the calculation and rounding
requirements for AEC using the on and standby mode power consumption
measurements. ANSI/CTA-2037-C does not contain an equivalent section
for the calculation of AEC. Therefore, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
proposed to retain the current AEC calculation requirements in appendix
H but proposed certain modifications consistent with the proposed
amendments to the on mode, standby mode, and off mode tests. 87 FR
11892, 11911.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed that the average on mode power
consumption be calculated as the average of the on mode power in the
three preset picture settings: SDR default, SDR brightest, and HDR10
default. If ABC is enabled for the SDR or HDR10 default preset picture
settings, the power consumption at each of the four room illuminance
levels would be used to determine the average power consumption of the
preset picture setting. The equations below detail the calculation of
on mode power consumption and AEC proposed in the March 2022 NOPR. The
calculation of AEC is different from the current calculation in
appendix H primarily in the value used for POn. Given that
appendix H specifies testing only the default preset picture setting in
on mode, POn reflects the average power consumption in that
default preset picture setting. However, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
proposed testing three preset picture settings for on mode power
consumption; therefore, POn would be the average of the
power consumption in the tested preset picture settings. Id.
Pon = (PDefault +PBrightest
+PHDR10)/3
Where:
PDefault = the measured average power consumption in the
default SDR preset picture setting, if ABC is disabled
Or
PDefault = (PDefault_140 +
PDefault_50 + PDefault_17 +
PDefault_4)/4
if ABC is enabled by default in the default SDR preset picture setting
and, PDefault_140, PDefault_50,
PDefault_17, and PDefault_4 are the average power
consumption values at room illuminance levels of 140, 50, 17, and 4
lux, respectively
PBrightest = the measured average power consumption in the
brightest SDR preset picture setting
PHDR10 = the measured average power consumption in the
default HDR10 preset picture setting, if ABC is disabled
Or
PHDR10 = (PHDR10_140 + PHDR10_50 +
PHDR10_17 + PHDR10_4)/4
if ABC is enabled by default in the default HDR10 preset picture
setting and, PHDR10_140, PHDR10_50,
PHDR10_17, and PHDR10_4 are the average power
consumption values at room illuminance levels of 140, 50, 17, and 4
lux, respectively
For standby mode, DOE proposed to retain the same hours per day
spent in standby mode, but instead of standby-active and standby-
passive, as currently specified in appendix H, DOE proposed to use
standby power with smart wake, standby power with internet connection,
and standby-passive, corresponding to the parameters DOE proposed in
the March 2022 NOPR. Id. DOE chose to use these parameters because
standby-active does not encompass the multiple different standby states
that modern TVs have.
Additionally, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to retain the
AEC equation currently specified in appendix H but to remove the off
mode parameter. Given that the current AEC equation assigns 0 hours to
off mode, DOE proposed to retain the same weighting factors for on and
standby modes.
The AEC equation proposed in the March 2022 NOPR is presented
below:
AEC = 365 * (Pon * Hon +
Pstandby_smart_wake * Hstandby_smart_wake +
Pstandby_internet * Hstandby_internet +
Pstandby_passive * Hstandby_passive)/1000
Where:
Pm = power measured in a given mode m (in watts)
Hm = hours per day spent in mode m
365 = conversion factor from daily to yearly
1000 = conversion factor from watts to kilowatts
And values for Hm are as specified in Table III.2. Id.
Table III.2--Hourly Weightings
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hon Hstandby_smart_wake Hstandby_internet Hstandby_passive
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standby smart wake................................................ 5 19 0 0
Standby internet.................................................. 5 0 19 0
Standby-passive................................................... 5 0 0 19
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the NOPR public meeting, DOE additionally clarified that it
proposed to include similar equations for calculating average dynamic
luminance as the equations for calculating on mode power consumption.
(Public Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at p. 47) DOE additionally clarified
that the on mode power consumption is an average of the
[[Page 16105]]
power consumption values for the tested preset picture settings. That
is, if a TV does not support HDR10 and is not tested in the HDR10
default preset picture setting, then the on mode power consumption
would be the average of the default and brightest preset picture
settings. (Id. at p. 32)
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposed
calculations for the average on mode power consumption and AEC. 87 FR
11892, 11912.
The CA IOUs recommended that DOE consider adopting a weighted
luminous efficacy metric to show consumers how efficiently a TV
converts power into luminance. (CA IOUs, No. 19 at p. 2; Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 16 at p. 45) The CA IOUs also recommended a weighted
average for the on mode power consumption and provided data from a
market survey of 100 California residents that showed that 26 percent
of TV operating hours were in the standard preset picture setting and
48 percent of TV operating hours were in the non-standard preset
picture setting (i.e., vivid/dynamic, natural, game, custom/calibrated/
user, other), which usually have brighter displays.\21\ Based on a
market survey they conducted, the CA IOUs recommended setting the
weight factors for luminance efficacy at 25 percent for standard preset
picture setting, 50 percent for brightest preset picture setting, and
25 percent for HDR preset picture setting. (CA IOUs, No. 19 at p. 2)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\21\ It is DOE's understanding that ``standard preset picture
setting'' refers to the default preset picture setting and ``non-
standard preset picture setting'' refers to all other preset picture
settings on the TV.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CTA et al. commented that DOE should adopt the requirement in Annex
B of ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which specifies the same AEC calculation as that
provided in the March 2022 NOPR. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 17)
In this final rule, DOE has determined not to specify a luminous
efficacy metric. DOE has determined that a luminous efficacy metric
would not easily accommodate the combining of on mode power consumption
and standby mode power consumption into a single integrated metric, as
required by EPCA if technically feasible. (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A))
Additionally, use of a luminous efficacy metric may not encourage the
use of ABC, which reduces power consumption during representative
consumer use, because the luminous efficacy of a TV with or without ABC
enabled would likely be the same. This could have the unintended
consequence of increasing overall TV energy consumption. Accordingly,
DOE is specifying an AEC metric and dynamic luminance metric, as
discussed.
Additionally, DOE is specifying a simple average to calculate on
mode power consumption as opposed to a weighted average, as recommended
by the CA IOUs. At this time, it is not explicitly clear if the non-
default preset picture settings specified by the CA IOUs do in fact
consume more power compared to the default preset picture setting
(which the brightest preset picture setting is expected to do). In the
absence of any additional data regarding power consumption of the non-
default SDR preset picture settings as well as consumer usage of HDR10
preset picture settings, DOE is adopting the simple average calculation
for on mode power consumption and dynamic luminance.
Finally, as noted by CTA et al., Annex A \22\ of ANSI/CTA-2037-D
includes the same equations to calculate average on mode power
consumption and AEC as those proposed by DOE in the March 2022 NOPR.
Additionally, Annex A of ANSI/CTA-2037-D includes an equation to
calculate dynamic luminance, which is the same equation as that
specified to calculate average on mode power consumption using dynamic
luminance values for each preset picture setting.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\22\ While CTA et al. referenced Annex B in its comments, the
calculations are specified in Annex A of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this final rule, DOE amends the AEC calculation in appendix H,
to reference Annex A of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
J. Updates to the Regulatory Text at Appendix H
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE's proposed amendments to appendix H in
the CFR referenced ANSI/CTA-2037-C while retaining the overall
structure and headings from the current appendix H. 87 FR 11892, 11919-
11921.
CTA et al. recommended that DOE delete appendix H and revise 10 CFR
430.23 to reference only ANSI/CTA-2037-D. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 6)
CTA et al. also commented that DOE should include section 6 of ANSI/
CTA-2037D and the introductory texts in the relevant sections of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 8)
As discussed in the preceding sections, DOE is amending appendix H
to replace the current regulatory text and reference the relevant
sections of ANSI/CTA-2037-D in its place. Accordingly, in this final
rule, DOE is modifying the overall structure of appendix H to simplify
the references to ANSI/CTA-2037-D and to better match the structure of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D. Additionally, because ANSI/CTA-2037-D does not
explicitly specify the rounding requirements for standby mode power
consumption and dynamic luminance, DOE is specifying these requirements
in section 4 of appendix H.
K. Test Procedure Costs
In this final rule, DOE amends the existing test procedure for TVs
by referencing ANSI/CTA-2037-D to measure on mode dynamic screen
luminance and power consumption as well as standby mode power
consumption. ANSI/CTA-2037-D has several differences in testing TVs
compared to the current test method at appendix H. Key differences
include testing three preset picture settings as opposed to a single
default picture setting; measuring dynamic screen luminance over the
entire duration of the test clip using a camera photometer at the same
time as on mode power consumption measurement; using an LED lamp setup
at an angle of 45[deg] for testing TVs with ABC enabled by default;
and, testing on and standby mode with an active internet connection
(i.e., WAN) and additionally connecting the TV to other devices on LAN
to wake the TV from standby mode to on mode.
EPCA requires that test procedures proposed by DOE not be unduly
burdensome to conduct. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3)) The following sections
discuss DOE's evaluation of estimated costs associated with the
amendments.
Given the new equipment, setup, and testing requirements specified
in ANSI/CTA-2037-D, DOE estimated that TV testing would have a one-time
equipment investment cost, a one-time re-testing cost, and additional
annual testing costs for the TVs covered by the amended test procedure.
To determine the potential costs manufacturers would incur due to
the amended test procedure, DOE used data from DOE's publicly available
Compliance Certification Database (``CCD'') to estimate the number of
unique basic models that are currently covered by the existing DOE test
procedure. Based on data from DOE's CCD,\23\ DOE estimated there are
approximately 4,285 unique basic models currently on the market. DOE
also estimated the amount of time it would take manufacturers to test a
single TV unit to the amended test
[[Page 16106]]
procedure, as well as the amount of time it currently takes
manufacturers to test a single TV unit to the existing DOE test
procedure. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE estimated that the existing DOE
test procedure requires an average of 2.9 hours to conduct (ranging
from 2.6 to 3.1 hours, depending on the specific features of the TV),
whereas the proposed test procedure, which referenced ANSI/CTA-2037-C,
would require an average of 4.4 hours to conduct (ranging from 3.3 to
5.3 hours). 87 FR 11892, 11912
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\23\ U.S. Department of Energy's Compliance Certification
Database. Television Sets. See https://www.regulations.doe.gov/certification-data/CCMS-4-Television_Sets.html#q=Product_Group_s%3A%22Television%20Sets%22.
Last accessed on November 11, 2022.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In response to the March 2022 NOPR, CTA et al. commented that,
compared to the existing method for measuring TV power consumption,
ANSI/CTA-2037-D requires new equipment and more time for conducting the
test. CTA et al. also commented they have not found the changes to be
unduly burdensome, especially given that ANSI/CTA-2037-D reasonably and
more accurately reflects modern TV products and their energy use. (CTA
et al., No. 21 at p. 17)
The amended test procedure references ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which is
largely the same as ANSI/CTA-2037-C that was proposed in the March 2022
NOPR. ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies a 1-minute stabilization period for on
mode ABC testing, which would increase test duration. However, ANSI/
CTA-2037-D also eliminates the wake time test and decreases the minimum
standby test duration compared to ANSI/CTA-2037-C. These updates are
expected to, on balance, not substantively alter the overall test
duration compared to the estimates provided in the March 2022 NOPR.
Accordingly, DOE's test procedure cost estimates for this amended test
procedure are the same as those initially estimated in the March 2022
NOPR, updated to reflect current wages and rates, as well as additional
models from the CCD.
Based on data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics' (``BLS's'')
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, the mean hourly wage for
an electronics technician is $33.21.\24\ Additionally, DOE used data
from BLS's Employer Costs for Employee Compensation to estimate the
percentage that wages comprise of the total compensation for an
employee. DOE estimated that wages make up 70.5 percent of the total
compensation for private industry employees.\25\ Therefore, DOE
estimated that the total hourly compensation (including all fringe
benefits) of a technician performing the testing is $47.11.\26\ Using
these labor rates and time estimates, DOE estimated that it would cost
TV manufacturers on average approximately $205.87 to conduct a single
test on a TV unit in accordance with the amended test procedure.\27\
DOE estimated that this is, on average, approximately $70.19 more than
TV manufacturers are incurring to conduct a single test on a TV in
accordance with the existing DOE test procedure.\28\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\24\ DOE used the mean hourly wage of the ``17-3023 Electrical
and Electronic Engineering Technologists and Technicians'' from the
most recent BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (May
2021) to estimate the hourly wage rate of a technician assumed to
perform this testing. See www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes173023.htm.
Last accessed on November 10, 2022.
\25\ DOE used the June 2022 ``Employer Costs for Employee
Compensation'' to estimate that for ``Private Industry Workers,''
``Wages and Salaries'' are 70.5 percent of the total employee
compensation. See www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/ecec.pdf. Last
accessed on November 10, 2022.
\26\ $33.21 / 0.705 = $47.11.
\27\ 4.37 hours x $47.11 = $205.87.
\28\ $205.87 - (2.88 hours x $47.11) = $70.19.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TV manufacturers are required to test at least two units per basic
model. Therefore, DOE estimates that it would cost manufacturers
approximately $411.64 per basic model to test in accordance with the
amended test procedure, which is on average approximately $140.38 more
per basic model than TV manufacturers are currently incurring to test a
TV basic model.
In addition to these testing costs, DOE assumed that manufacturers
would need to purchase camera photometers to conduct the amended test
procedure. DOE estimated that a camera photometer costs approximately
$10,000.
The burden associated with amending appendix H to reference ANSI/
CTA-2037-D is necessary in order to update the test procedure to the
industry standard, which measures both power and luminance
simultaneously while connected to a representative network.
In this final rule, DOE finalizes its determination that the
changes in test duration and cost due to the amendments adopted in the
final rule are not unduly burdensome.
L. Effective and Compliance Dates
The effective date for the adopted test procedure amendment will be
30 days after publication of this final rule in the Federal Register.
EPCA prescribes that, if DOE amends a test procedure, all
representations of energy efficiency and energy use, including those
made on marketing materials and product labels, must be made in
accordance with that amended test procedure, beginning 180 days after
publication of such a test procedure final rule in the Federal
Register. (42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2))
EPCA provides an allowance for individual manufacturers to petition
DOE for an extension of the 180-day period if the manufacturer may
experience undue hardship in meeting the deadline. (42 U.S.C.
6293(c)(3)) To receive such an extension, petitions must be filed with
DOE no later than 60 days before the end of the 180-day period and must
detail how the manufacturer will experience undue hardship. (Id.)
IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review
A. Review Under Executive Orders 12866 and 13563
Executive Order (``E.O.'') 12866, ``Regulatory Planning and
Review,'' as supplemented and reaffirmed by E.O. 13563, ``Improving
Regulation and Regulatory Review, 76 FR 3821 (Jan. 21, 2011), requires
agencies, to the extent permitted by law, to (1) propose or adopt a
regulation only upon a reasoned determination that its benefits justify
its costs (recognizing that some benefits and costs are difficult to
quantify); (2) tailor regulations to impose the least burden on
society, consistent with obtaining regulatory objectives, taking into
account, among other things, and to the extent practicable, the costs
of cumulative regulations; (3) select, in choosing among alternative
regulatory approaches, those approaches that maximize net benefits
(including potential economic, environmental, public health and safety,
and other advantages; distributive impacts; and equity); (4) to the
extent feasible, specify performance objectives, rather than specifying
the behavior or manner of compliance that regulated entities must
adopt; and (5) identify and assess available alternatives to direct
regulation, including providing economic incentives to encourage the
desired behavior, such as user fees or marketable permits, or providing
information upon which choices can be made by the public. DOE
emphasizes as well that E.O. 13563 requires agencies to use the best
available techniques to quantify anticipated present and future
benefits and costs as accurately as possible. In its guidance, the
Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (``OIRA'') in the Office
of Management and Budget (``OMB'') has emphasized that such techniques
may include identifying changing future compliance costs that might
result from technological innovation or anticipated behavioral changes.
For the reasons stated in the preamble, this final
[[Page 16107]]
regulatory action is consistent with these principles.
Section 6(a) of E.O. 12866 also requires agencies to submit
``significant regulatory actions'' to OIRA for review. OIRA has
determined that this final regulatory action does not constitute a
``significant regulatory action'' under section 3(f) of E.O. 12866.
Accordingly, this action was not submitted to OIRA for review under
E.O. 12866.
B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) requires
preparation of a final regulatory flexibility analysis (``FRFA'') for
any final rule where the agency was first required by law to publish a
proposed rule for public comment, unless the agency certifies that the
rule, if promulgated, will not have a significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities. As required by Executive Order
13272, ``Proper Consideration of Small Entities in Agency Rulemaking,''
67 FR 53461 (Aug. 16, 2002), DOE published procedures and policies on
February 19, 2003, to ensure that the potential impacts of its rules on
small entities are properly considered during the DOE rulemaking
process. 68 FR 7990. DOE has made its procedures and policies available
on the Office of the General Counsel's website: www.energy.gov/gc/office-general-counsel. DOE reviewed this final rule under the
provisions of the Regulatory Flexibility Act and the procedures and
policies published on February 19, 2003.
DOE has recently conducted a focused inquiry into small business
manufacturers of the products covered by this rulemaking. For
manufacturers of TVs, the Small Business Administration (``SBA'') has
set a size threshold, which defines those entities classified as
``small businesses'' for the purposes of the statute. DOE used the
SBA's small business size standards to determine whether any small
entities would be subject to the requirements of the rule. (See 13 CFR
part 121.) The size standards are listed by North American Industry
Classification System (``NAICS'') code and industry description and are
available at www.sba.gov/document/support--table-size-standards.
Manufacturing TVs is classified under NAICS 334220, ``radio and
television broadcasting and wireless communications equipment
manufacturing.'' The SBA sets a threshold of 1,250 employees or fewer
for an entity to be considered as a small business for this category.
DOE used available public information to identify potential small
manufacturers. DOE accessed the Compliance Certification Database \29\
to create a list of companies that import or otherwise manufacture the
products covered by this proposal. DOE identified 33 unique companies
that manufacture TVs sold in the domestic market. DOE screened out
companies that do not meet the SBA definition of a small business and
also those that are entirely or largely foreign-owned and operated. All
33 companies have more than 1,250 employees or are owned and operated
outside the United States.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\29\ U.S. Department of Energy Compliance Certification
Management System, available at www.regulations.doe.gov/ccms.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Therefore, DOE concludes that the cost effects accruing from the
final rule would not have a ``significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities,'' and that the preparation of a
FRFA is not warranted. DOE has submitted a certification and supporting
statement of factual basis to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the
Small Business Administration for review under 5 U.S.C. 605(b).
C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
Manufacturers of TVs must certify to DOE that their products comply
with any applicable energy conservation standards. To certify
compliance, manufacturers must first obtain test data for their
products according to the DOE test procedures, including any amendments
adopted for those test procedures. DOE has established regulations for
the certification and recordkeeping requirements for all covered
consumer products and commercial equipment, including TVs. (See
generally 10 CFR part 429.) The collection-of-information requirement
for the certification and recordkeeping is subject to review and
approval by OMB under the Paperwork Reduction Act (``PRA''). This
requirement has been approved by OMB under OMB control number 1910-
1400. Public reporting burden for the certification is estimated to
average 35 hours per response, including the time for reviewing
instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information.
There is currently no energy conservation standard for TVs. As
such, the amended test procedure adopted by this final rule does not
establish a reporting requirement. In the event that DOE proposes an
energy conservation standard for TVs with which manufacturers must
demonstrate compliance, DOE will seek OMB approval of the associated
information collection requirement. DOE will seek approval either
through a proposed amendment to the information collection requirement
approved under OMB control number 1910-1400 or as a separate proposed
information collection requirement.
Notwithstanding any other provision of the law, no person is
required to respond to, nor shall any person be subject to a penalty
for failure to comply with, a collection of information subject to the
requirements of the PRA, unless that collection of information displays
a currently valid OMB Control Number.
D. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969
In this final rule, DOE establishes test procedure amendments that
it expects will be used to develop and implement future energy
conservation standards for TVs. DOE has determined that this rule falls
into a class of actions that are categorically excluded from review
under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et
seq.) and DOE's implementing regulations at 10 CFR part 1021.
Specifically, DOE has determined that adopting test procedures for
measuring energy efficiency of consumer products and industrial
equipment is consistent with activities identified in 10 CFR part 1021,
appendix A to subpart D, A5 and A6. Accordingly, neither an
environmental assessment nor an environmental impact statement is
required.
E. Review Under Executive Order 13132
Executive Order 13132, ``Federalism,'' 64 FR 43255 (Aug. 4, 1999),
imposes certain requirements on agencies formulating and implementing
policies or regulations that preempt State law or that have federalism
implications. The Executive order requires agencies to examine the
constitutional and statutory authority supporting any action that would
limit the policymaking discretion of the States and to carefully assess
the necessity for such actions. The Executive order also requires
agencies to have an accountable process to ensure meaningful and timely
input by State and local officials in the development of regulatory
policies that have federalism implications. On March 14, 2000, DOE
published a statement of policy describing the intergovernmental
consultation process it will follow in the development of such
regulations. 65 FR 13735. DOE examined this final rule and determined
that it will not have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the
relationship between the national government and the States, or on the
[[Page 16108]]
distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of
government. EPCA governs and prescribes Federal preemption of State
regulations as to energy conservation for the products that are the
subject of this final rule. States can petition DOE for exemption from
such preemption to the extent, and based on criteria, set forth in
EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6297(d)) No further action is required by Executive
Order 13132.
F. Review Under Executive Order 12988
Regarding the review of existing regulations and the promulgation
of new regulations, section 3(a) of Executive Order 12988, ``Civil
Justice Reform,'' 61 FR 4729 (Feb. 7, 1996), imposes on Federal
agencies the general duty to adhere to the following requirements: (1)
eliminate drafting errors and ambiguity; (2) write regulations to
minimize litigation; (3) provide a clear legal standard for affected
conduct rather than a general standard; and (4) promote simplification
and burden reduction. Section 3(b) of Executive Order 12988
specifically requires that executive agencies make every reasonable
effort to ensure that the regulation (1) clearly specifies the
preemptive effect, if any; (2) clearly specifies any effect on existing
Federal law or regulation; (3) provides a clear legal standard for
affected conduct while promoting simplification and burden reduction;
(4) specifies the retroactive effect, if any; (5) adequately defines
key terms; and (6) addresses other important issues affecting clarity
and general draftsmanship under any guidelines issued by the Attorney
General. Section 3(c) of Executive Order 12988 requires Executive
agencies to review regulations in light of applicable standards in
sections 3(a) and 3(b) to determine whether they are met or it is
unreasonable to meet one or more of them. DOE has completed the
required review and determined that, to the extent permitted by law,
this final rule meets the relevant standards of Executive Order 12988.
G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (``UMRA'')
requires each Federal agency to assess the effects of Federal
regulatory actions on State, local, and Tribal governments and the
private sector. Public Law 104-4, sec. 201 (codified at 2 U.S.C. 1531).
For a regulatory action resulting in a rule that may cause the
expenditure by State, local, and Tribal governments, in the aggregate,
or by the private sector of $100 million or more in any one year
(adjusted annually for inflation), section 202 of UMRA requires a
Federal agency to publish a written statement that estimates the
resulting costs, benefits, and other effects on the national economy.
(2 U.S.C. 1532(a), (b)) The UMRA also requires a Federal agency to
develop an effective process to permit timely input by elected officers
of State, local, and Tribal governments on a proposed ``significant
intergovernmental mandate,'' and requires an agency plan for giving
notice and opportunity for timely input to potentially affected small
governments before establishing any requirements that might
significantly or uniquely affect small governments. On March 18, 1997,
DOE published a statement of policy on its process for
intergovernmental consultation under UMRA. 62 FR 12820; also available
at www.energy.gov/gc/office-general-counsel. DOE examined this final
rule according to UMRA and its statement of policy and determined that
the rule contains neither an intergovernmental mandate, nor a mandate
that may result in the expenditure of $100 million or more in any year,
so these requirements do not apply.
H. Review Under the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act,
1999
Section 654 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations
Act, 1999 (Pub. L. 105-277) requires Federal agencies to issue a Family
Policymaking Assessment for any rule that may affect family well-being.
This final rule will not have any impact on the autonomy or integrity
of the family as an institution. Accordingly, DOE has concluded that it
is not necessary to prepare a Family Policymaking Assessment.
I. Review Under Executive Order 12630
DOE has determined, under Executive Order 12630, ``Governmental
Actions and Interference with Constitutionally Protected Property
Rights'' 53 FR 8859 (March 18, 1988), that this regulation will not
result in any takings that might require compensation under the Fifth
Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
J. Review Under Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act,
2001
Section 515 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations
Act, 2001 (44 U.S.C. 3516 note) provides for agencies to review most
disseminations of information to the public under guidelines
established by each agency pursuant to general guidelines issued by
OMB. OMB's guidelines were published at 67 FR 8452 (Feb. 22, 2002), and
DOE's guidelines were published at 67 FR 62446 (Oct. 7, 2002). Pursuant
to OMB Memorandum M-19-15, Improving Implementation of the Information
Quality Act (April 24, 2019), DOE published updated guidelines which
are available at www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/12/f70/DOE%20Final%20Updated%20IQA%20Guidelines%20Dec%202019.pdf. DOE has
reviewed this final rule under the OMB and DOE guidelines and has
concluded that it is consistent with applicable policies in those
guidelines.
K. Review Under Executive Order 13211
Executive Order 13211, ``Actions Concerning Regulations That
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use,'' 66 FR 28355
(May 22, 2001), requires Federal agencies to prepare and submit to OMB,
a Statement of Energy Effects for any significant energy action. A
``significant energy action'' is defined as any action by an agency
that promulgated or is expected to lead to promulgation of a final
rule, and that (1) is a significant regulatory action under Executive
Order 12866, or any successor order; and (2) is likely to have a
significant adverse effect on the supply, distribution, or use of
energy; or (3) is designated by the Administrator of OIRA as a
significant energy action. For any significant energy action, the
agency must give a detailed statement of any adverse effects on energy
supply, distribution, or use if the regulation is implemented, and of
reasonable alternatives to the action and their expected benefits on
energy supply, distribution, and use.
This regulatory action is not a significant regulatory action under
Executive Order 12866. Moreover, it will not have a significant adverse
effect on the supply, distribution, or use of energy, nor has it been
designated as a significant energy action by the Administrator of OIRA.
Therefore, it is not a significant energy action, and, accordingly, DOE
has not prepared a Statement of Energy Effects.
L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration Act of
1974
Under section 301 of the Department of Energy Organization Act
(Pub. L. 95-91; 42 U.S.C. 7101), DOE must comply with section 32 of the
Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974, as amended by the Federal
Energy Administration Authorization Act of 1977. (15 U.S.C. 788;
``FEAA'') Section 32 essentially provides in relevant part that, where
a proposed rule authorizes or requires use of commercial standards, the
notice of
[[Page 16109]]
proposed rulemaking must inform the public of the use and background of
such standards. In addition, section 32(c) requires DOE to consult with
the Attorney General and the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission
(``FTC'') concerning the impact of the commercial or industry standards
on competition.
The modifications to the test procedure for TVs adopted in this
final rule incorporate testing methods contained in certain sections of
the following commercial standard: ANSI/CTA-2037-D. DOE has evaluated
this standard and is unable to conclude whether it fully complies with
the requirements of section 32(b) of the FEAA (i.e., whether it was
developed in a manner that fully provides for public participation,
comment, and review.) DOE has consulted with both the Attorney General
and the Chairman of the FTC about the impact on competition of using
the methods contained in these standards and has received no comments
objecting to their use.
M. Congressional Notification
As required by 5 U.S.C. 801, DOE will report to Congress on the
promulgation of this rule before its effective date. The report will
state that it has been determined that the rule is not a ``major rule''
as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).
N. Description of Materials Incorporated by Reference
ANSI/CTA-2037-D is an industry accepted test standard that measures
on mode and standby mode TV power consumption. Specifically, the test
procedure codified by this final rule references ANSI/CTA-2037-D for
testing the on mode and standby mode of TVs. ANSI/CTA-2037-D is
reasonably available from CTA (www.cta.tech).
V. Approval of the Office of the Secretary
The Secretary of Energy has approved publication of this final
rule.
List of Subjects
10 CFR Part 429
Administrative practice and procedure, Energy conservation,
Household appliances, Intergovernmental relations, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements, Small businesses.
10 CFR Part 430
Administrative practice and procedure, Energy conservation,
Household appliances, Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental
relations, Small businesses.
Signing Authority
This document of the Department of Energy was signed on February
21, 2023, by Francisco Alejandro Moreno, Acting Assistant Secretary for
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, pursuant to delegated authority
from the Secretary of Energy. That document with the original signature
and date is maintained by DOE. For administrative purposes only, and in
compliance with requirements of the Office of the Federal Register, the
undersigned DOE Federal Register Liaison Officer has been authorized to
sign and submit the document in electronic format for publication, as
an official document of the Department of Energy. This administrative
process in no way alters the legal effect of this document upon
publication in the Federal Register.
Signed in Washington, DC, on February 22, 2023.
Treena V. Garrett,
Federal Register Liaison Officer, U.S. Department of Energy.
For the reasons stated in the preamble, DOE amends parts 429 and
430 of chapter II of title 10, Code of Federal Regulations as set forth
below:
PART 429--CERTIFICATION, COMPLIANCE, AND ENFORCEMENT FOR CONSUMER
PRODUCTS AND COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT
0
1. The authority citation for part 429 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291-6317; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.
0
2. Amend Sec. 429.25 by revising paragraphs (a)(2)(ii) and
(a)(2)(iii)(A) and (B) to read as follows:
Sec. 429.25 Television sets.
(a) * * *
(2) * * *
(ii) Any represented annual energy consumption of a basic model
shall be determined by applying the AEC calculation in section 4 of
appendix H to subpart B of part 430 of this chapter to the represented
values of power consumption as calculated pursuant to paragraph
(a)(2)(i) of this section.
(iii) * * *
(A) For power consumption in the on and standby modes, the
represented value shall be rounded according to the requirements
specified in sections 4.1 and 4.3 of appendix H to subpart B of part
430 of this chapter.
(B) For annual energy consumption, the represented value shall be
rounded according to the requirements specified in section 3.4 of
appendix H to subpart B of part 430 of this chapter.
* * * * *
PART 430--ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAM FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS
0
3. The authority citation for part 430 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291-6309; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.
0
4. Amend Sec. 430.3 by:
0
a. Redesignating paragraphs (n) through (w) as paragraphs (o) through
(x), respectively;
0
b. Adding new paragraph (n);
0
c. Removing newly redesignated paragraph (q)(5) and redesignating
paragraphs (q)(6) through (10) as paragraphs (q)(5) through (9),
respectively; and
0
d. In newly redesignated paragraph (q)(6), removing the text ``G, H,
I'' and adding in its place ``G, I''.
The addition reads as follows:
Sec. 430.3 Materials incorporated by reference.
* * * * *
(n) CTA. Consumer Technology Association, 1919 S. Eads Street,
Arlington, VA 22202; 703-907-7600; www.cta.tech.
(1) ANSI/CTA-2037-D, Determination of Television Set Power
Consumption, September 2022; IBR approved for appendix H to subpart B.
(2) [Reserved]
* * * * *
0
5. Amend Sec. 430.23 by revising paragraph (h) to read as follows:
Sec. 430.23 Test procedures for the measurement of energy and water
consumption.
* * * * *
(h) Television sets. The power consumption of a television set,
expressed in watts, including on and standby modes, shall be determined
in accordance with sections 3 and 4 of appendix H of this subpart
respectively. The annual energy consumption, expressed in kilowatt-
hours per year, shall be determined in accordance with section 4 of
appendix H of this subpart.
* * * * *
0
6. Revise Appendix H to subpart B of part 430 to read as follows:
Appendix H to Subpart B of Part 430--Uniform Test Method for Measuring
the Power Consumption of Television Sets
Note: On or after April 14, 2023 and prior to September 11,
2023, any representations made with respect to the energy use or
[[Page 16110]]
energy efficiency of a television must be based upon results
generated under this appendix as it appeared in 10 CFR part 430
edition revised as of January 1, 2023, or this appendix. Beginning
September 11, 2023 any representations made with respect to the
energy use or efficiency of a television must be based upon results
generated under this appendix. Given that beginning September 11,
2023, representations with respect to the energy use or efficiency
of televisions must be made in accordance with tests conducted
pursuant to this appendix, manufacturers may wish to begin using
this test procedure as soon as possible.
0. Incorporation by Reference
DOE incorporated by reference in Sec. 430.3, ANSI/CTA-2037-D in
its entirety. However, only enumerated provisions of ANSI/CTA-2037-D
are applicable to this appendix, as follows:
0.1 ANSI/CTA-2037-D
(a) Section 5 as referenced in section 2 of this appendix;
(b) Sections 6 and 8 through 11 as referenced in section 3 of
this appendix;
(c) Section 7 as referenced in sections 3 and 4 of this
appendix; and
(d) Annex A as referenced in section 4 of this appendix.
0.2 [Reserved]
1. Scope
This appendix covers the test requirements used to measure the
energy and power consumption of television sets that have a diagonal
screen size of at least fifteen inches; and are powered by mains
power (including TVs with auxiliary batteries but not TVs with main
batteries).
2. Definitions and Symbols
2.1. Definitions. The following terms are defined according to
section 5.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
(a) Annual energy consumption
(b) Automatic brightness control
(c) Brightest selectable picture setting
(d) Default preset picture setting
(e) Dynamic Luminance
(f) Energy-Efficient-Ethernet
(g) Filmmaker Mode
(h) Forced menu
(i) Gloss Unit (GU)
(j) HDR10
(k) High Dynamic Range
(l) Home configuration
(m) Hybrid Log Gamma (HLG)
(n) Illuminance
(o) International System of Units
(p) Luminance
(q) Main battery
(r) Motion-Based Dynamic Dimming
(s) Neutral density filter
(t) Off Mode
(u) On Mode
(v) Perceptual Quantization Video
(w) Preset picture setting
(x) Quick start
(y) Retail Configuration
(z) Snoot
(aa) Software
(ab) Wake-By-Remote-Control-App
(ac) Wake-By-Smart-Speaker
(ad) Wake-On-Cast
2.2. Symbol usage. The symbols and abbreviations in section 5.2
of ANSI/CTA-2037-D apply to this test procedure.
3. Test Conduct
Determine the dynamic luminance and on mode and standby mode
power consumption of TVs by following the procedure specified in
sections 6 through 11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
4. Calculation of Measured Values
Calculate the on mode power consumption, dynamic luminance,
standby mode power consumption, and annual energy consumption as
specified in Annex A of ANSI/CTA-2037-D. The following additional
requirements are also applicable.
4.1. Round on mode power value as specified in Annex A of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D.
4.2. Round dynamic luminance to the nearest tenth.
4.3. Round standby mode power as specified in section 7.1.2 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
4.4. Round annual energy consumption as specified in Annex A of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
[FR Doc. 2023-03986 Filed 3-14-23; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6450-01-P
