Special Conditions: Dassault Aviation Model Falcon 6X Airplane; Operation Without Normal Electrical Power, 12134-12136 [2023-03981]
Download as PDF
<![CDATA[
12134
Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 38 / Monday, February 27, 2023 / Rules and Regulations
performance-based requirements that
would encompass general limiting,
normal load-factor limiting, high-speed
limiting, and pitch and roll limiting
which the FAA previously issued as
separate special conditions. These
proposed special conditions are based
on that ARAC recommendation.
These special conditions provide the
same level of safety as the prescriptive,
design-specific special conditions the
FAA has issued in the past for general
limiting, normal load-factor limiting,
high-speed limiting, and pitch and roll
limiting, thus the FAA need not issue
separate special conditions to address
each of these areas.
These special conditions are in
addition to the requirements of § 25.143.
These special conditions contain the
additional safety standards that the
Administrator considers necessary to
establish a level of safety equivalent to
that established by the existing
airworthiness standards.
Discussion of Comments
The FAA issued notice of proposed
Special Conditions No. 25–22–05–SC
for the Airbus Model A321neo XLR
airplane, which was published in the
Federal Register on November 17, 2022
(87 FR 68942).
The FAA received one response from
the Air Line Pilots Association
supporting the special conditions. The
special conditions are adopted as
proposed.
Applicability
As discussed above, these special
conditions apply to Airbus Model
A321neo XLR airplanes. Should Airbus
apply later for a change to the type
certificate to include another model
incorporating the same novel or unusual
design feature, the special conditions
would apply to that model as well.
Conclusion
This action affects only certain novel
or unusual design features on one model
series of airplanes. It is not a rule of
general applicability.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting
and recordkeeping requirements.
The Special Conditions
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Accordingly, pursuant to the
authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the following special
conditions are issued as part of the type
certification basis for Airbus Model
A321neo XLR airplanes equipped with
EFCS.
In addition to § 25.143, the following
requirements apply:
(a) Envelope protection functions
must not unduly limit the maneuvering
capability of the airplane, nor interfere
with its ability to perform maneuvers
required for normal and emergency
operations.
(b) Onset characteristics of each flightenvelope protection function must be
appropriate to the phase of flight and
type of maneuver, and must not conflict
with the ability of the pilot to
satisfactorily control the airplane flight
path, speed, and attitude.
(c) Excursions of a limited flight
parameter beyond its nominal designlimit value due to dynamic
maneuvering, airframe and system
tolerances, and non-steady atmospheric
conditions must not result in unsafe
flight characteristics or conditions.
(d) Operation of flight-envelope
protection functions must not adversely
affect aircraft control during expected
levels of atmospheric disturbances, nor
impede the application of recovery
procedures in case of wind shear.
(e) Simultaneous action of flightenvelope protection functions must not
result in adverse coupling or adverse
priority.
(f) In case of abnormal attitude or
excursion of flight parameters outside
the protected boundaries, operation of
flight-envelope protection functions
must not hinder airplane recovery.
Federal Aviation Administration
Issued in Kansas City, Missouri, on
February 22, 2023.
Patrick R. Mullen,
Manager, Technical Innovation Policy
Branch, Policy and Innovation Division,
Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2023–03980 Filed 2–24–23; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
Authority Citation
lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES1
The authority citation for these
special conditions is as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113,
44701, 44702, 44704.
https://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/
rulemaking/committees/documents/media/09%20%20FTHWG_Final_Report_Phase_2_RevA__Apr_
2017.pdf.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
18:59 Feb 24, 2023
Jkt 259001
PO 00000
Frm 00002
Fmt 4700
Sfmt 4700
14 CFR Part 25
[Docket No. FAA–2022–0126; Special
Conditions No. 25–809–SC]
Special Conditions: Dassault Aviation
Model Falcon 6X Airplane; Operation
Without Normal Electrical Power
Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), Department of
Transportation (DOT).
ACTION: Final special conditions; request
for comments.
AGENCY:
These special conditions are
issued for the Dassault Aviation
(Dassault) Model Falcon 6X airplane.
This airplane will have a novel or
unusual design feature when compared
to the state of technology envisioned in
the airworthiness standards for
transport category airplanes. This design
feature is an electronic flight-control
system installation that establishes the
criticality of the electrical power
generation and distribution systems,
such that the loss of all electrical power
may be catastrophic to the airplane. The
applicable airworthiness regulations do
not contain adequate or appropriate
safety standards for this design feature.
These special conditions contain the
additional safety standards that the
Administrator considers necessary to
establish a level of safety equivalent to
that established by the existing
airworthiness standards.
DATES: This action is effective on
Dassault on February 27, 2023. Send
comments on or before April 13, 2023.
ADDRESSES: Send comments identified
by Docket No. FAA–2022–0126 using
any of the following methods:
• Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to
https://www.regulations.gov/ and follow
the online instructions for sending your
comments electronically.
• Mail: Send comments to Docket
Operations, M–30, U.S. Department of
Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE, Room W12–140, West
Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC
20590–0001.
• Hand Delivery or Courier: Take
comments to Docket Operations in
Room W12–140 of the West Building
Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE, Washington, DC, between 9
a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through
Friday, except Federal holidays.
• Fax: Fax comments to Docket
Operations at 202–493–2251.
Privacy: Except for Confidential
Business Information (CBI) as described
in the following paragraph, and other
SUMMARY:
E:\FR\FM\27FER1.SGM
27FER1
Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 38 / Monday, February 27, 2023 / Rules and Regulations
information as described in title 14,
Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR)
11.35, the FAA will post all comments
received without change to https://
www.regulations.gov/, including any
personal information you provide. The
FAA will also post a report
summarizing each substantive verbal
contact received about these special
conditions.
Confidential Business Information:
Confidential Business Information (CBI)
is commercial or financial information
that is both customarily and actually
treated as private by its owner. Under
the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)
(5 U.S.C. 552), CBI is exempt from
public disclosure. If your comments
responsive to these special conditions
contain commercial or financial
information that is customarily treated
as private, that you actually treat as
private, and that is relevant or
responsive to these special conditions, it
is important that you clearly designate
the submitted comments as CBI. Please
mark each page of your submission
containing CBI as ‘‘PROPIN.’’ The FAA
will treat such marked submissions as
confidential under the FOIA, and the
indicated comments will not be placed
in the public docket of these special
conditions. Send submissions
containing CBI to the Information
Contact below. Comments the FAA
receives, which are not specifically
designated as CBI, will be placed in the
public docket for these special
conditions.
Docket: Background documents or
comments received may be read at
https://www.regulations.gov/ at any
time. Follow the online instructions for
accessing the docket or go to Docket
Operations in Room W12–140 of the
West Building Ground Floor at 1200
New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington,
DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday
through Friday, except Federal holidays.
Dan
Poblete, Aircraft Systems, AIR–623,
Technical Innovation Policy Branch,
Policy and Innovation Division, Aircraft
Certification Service, Federal Aviation
Administration, 3960 Paramount
Boulevard, Suite 100, Lakewood,
California 90712; telephone 562–627–
5335, fax 562–627–5210; email
daniel.d.poblete@faa.gov.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
The
substance of these special conditions
has been published in the Federal
Register for public comment in several
prior instances with no substantive
comments received. Therefore, the FAA
finds that, pursuant to § 11.38(b), new
comments are unlikely, and notice and
lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES1
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
VerDate Sep<11>2014
18:59 Feb 24, 2023
Jkt 259001
comment prior to this publication are
unnecessary.
Comments Invited
The FAA invites interested people to
take part in this rulemaking by sending
written comments, data, or views. The
most helpful comments reference a
specific portion of the special
conditions, explain the reason for any
recommended change, and include
supporting data.
The FAA will consider all comments
received by the closing date for
comments. The FAA may change these
special conditions based on the
comments received.
Background
On July 1, 2012, Dassault Aviation
applied for a type certificate for its new
Model Falcon 5X airplane. However,
Dassault has decided not to release an
airplane under the model designation
Falcon 5X, instead choosing to change
that model designation to Falcon 6X.
In February of 2018, due to engine
supplier issues, Dassault extended the
type certificate application date for its
Model Falcon 5X airplane under new
Model Falcon 6X. This airplane is a
twin-engine business jet with seating for
19 passengers, and has a maximum
takeoff weight of 77,460 pounds.
Type Certification Basis
Under the provisions of 14 CFR 21.17,
Dassault must show that the Model
Falcon 6X airplane meets the applicable
provisions of part 25, as amended by
amendments 25–1 through 25–146.
If the Administrator finds that the
applicable airworthiness regulations
(e.g., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain
adequate or appropriate safety standards
for the Dassault Model Falcon 6X
airplane because of a novel or unusual
design feature, special conditions are
prescribed under the provisions of
§ 21.16.
Special conditions are initially
applicable to the model for which they
are issued. Should the type certificate
for that model be amended later to
include any other model that
incorporates the same novel or unusual
design feature, these special conditions
would also apply to the other model
under § 21.101.
In addition to the applicable
airworthiness regulations and special
conditions, the Dassault Model Falcon
6X airplane must comply with the fuelvent and exhaust-emission requirements
of 14 CFR part 34, and the noisecertification requirements of 14 CFR
part 36.
The FAA issues special conditions, as
defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in accordance
PO 00000
Frm 00003
Fmt 4700
Sfmt 4700
12135
with § 11.38, and they become part of
the type certification basis under
§ 21.17(a)(2).
Novel or Unusual Design Features
The Dassault Model Falcon 6X
airplane will incorporate the following
novel or unusual design features:
An electronic flight-control system
installation that establishes the
criticality of the electrical power
generation and distribution systems,
such that the loss of all electrical power
may be catastrophic to the airplane.
Discussion
The Dassault Aviation Model Falcon
6X airplane will have a fly-by-wire
control system that requires a
continuous source of electrical power to
maintain an operable flight-control
system. Section 25.1351(d), ‘‘Operation
without normal electrical power,’’
requires safe operation for at least five
minutes, in visual flight rules (VFR),
with normal power inoperative. This
rule was structured around a traditional
design, with mechanical control cables
for flight control, while flightcrew
considered the electrical failures,
attempted to start engines(s) if
necessary, and attempted to re-establish
some of the electrical-power-generation
capability.
Changes in technology have produced
advanced electrical and electronic
airplane systems that requires a
continuous source of electrical power to
maintain an operable flight-control
system. The Dassault Model Falcon 6X
airplane design must not be timelimited in its operation, including being
without the normal source of electrical
power generated from engine generators
or auxiliary power unit (APU), to
maintain the same level of safety
associated with traditional designs.
Airplane service experience has
shown that the loss of all electrical
power, as generated by the airplane’s
engine generators or APU, is not
extremely improbable. Therefore, the
applicant must demonstrate that the
airplane maintains safe flight and
landing, including steering and braking
on the ground with the use of airplane
emergency electrical-power systems.
These emergency electrical-power
systems must be able to provide power
to loads required for continued safe
flight and landing.
These special conditions contain the
additional safety standards that the
Administrator considers necessary to
establish a level of safety equivalent to
that established by the existing
airworthiness standards.
E:\FR\FM\27FER1.SGM
27FER1
12136
Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 38 / Monday, February 27, 2023 / Rules and Regulations
Applicability
As discussed above, these special
conditions are applicable to the Dassault
Model Falcon 6X airplane. Should
Dassault apply at a later date for a
change to the type certificate to include
another model incorporating the same
novel or unusual design feature, these
special conditions would apply to that
model as well.
Conclusion
This action affects only a certain
novel or unusual design feature on one
model of airplane. It is not a rule of
general applicability.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting
and recordkeeping requirements.
Authority Citation
The authority citation for these
special conditions is as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113,
44701, 44702, 44704.
lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES1
The Special Conditions
Accordingly, pursuant to the
authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the following special
conditions are issued as part of the type
certification basis for Dassault Aviation
Model Falcon 6X airplanes.
In lieu of the requirements of 14 CFR
25.1351(d), the following special
conditions apply:
(a) The applicant must show, by test
or a combination of test and analysis,
that the airplane is capable of continued
safe flight and landing with all normal
electrical power sources inoperative, as
prescribed by paragraphs (b)(1) and
(b)(2) below. For purposes of this
special condition, normal sources of
electrical-power generation do not
include alternate power sources such as
a battery, ram-air turbine, or
independent power systems such as a
flight-control permanent-magnet
generating system.
(b) The airplane is demonstrated to be
capable of continued safe flight and
landing by ensuring the performance of
the systems capability, effects on crew
workload and operating conditions, and
the physiological needs of the flightcrew
and passengers meet the requirements
for the longest diversion time for which
approval is sought.
(1) Common-cause failures, cascading
failures, and zonal physical threats must
be considered in showing compliance
with this requirement.
(2) The ability to restore operation of
portions of the electrical-power
generation and distribution system may
be considered if it can be shown that
VerDate Sep<11>2014
18:59 Feb 24, 2023
Jkt 259001
unrecoverable loss of those portions of
the system is extremely improbable. An
alternative source of electrical power
must be provided for the time required
to restore the minimum electricalpower-generation capability required for
safe flight and landing. Unrecoverable
loss of all engines may be excluded
when showing that unrecoverable loss
of critical portions of the electrical
system is extremely improbable.
Unrecoverable loss of all engines is
covered in special condition (c), below,
and thus may be excluded when
showing compliance with this
requirement.
(c) Regardless of any electricalgeneration and distribution-system
recovery capability shown under special
condition (a), above, sufficient
electrical-system capability must be
provided to:
(1) Allow time to descend, with all
engines inoperative, at the speed that
provides the best glide distance, from
the maximum operating altitude to the
altitude at the top of the engine restart
envelope, and
(2) Subsequently allow multiple start
attempts of the engines and APU. This
capability must be provided in addition
to the electrical capability required by
existing part 25 requirements related to
operation with all engines inoperative.
(d) The airplane emergency electricalpower system must be designed to
supply electrical power required for:
(1) Immediate safety, which must
continue to operate without the need for
flightcrew action following the loss of
the normal electrical power, for a
duration sufficient to allow
reconfiguration to provide a non-timelimited source of electrical power.
(2) Continued safe flight and landing
for the maximum diversion time.
(e) If APU-generated electrical power
is used in satisfying the requirements of
these special conditions, and if reaching
a suitable runway upon which to land
is beyond the capacity of the battery
systems, then the APU must be able to
be started under any foreseeable flight
condition prior to the depletion of the
battery or the restoration of normal
electrical power, which ever occurs
first. Flight tests must demonstrate this
capability at the most critical condition.
(1) The applicant must show that the
APU will provide adequate electrical
power for continued safe flight and
landing.
(2) The Airplane Flight Manual (AFM)
must incorporate non-normal
procedures that direct the pilot to take
appropriate actions to activate the APU
after loss of normal engine-generated
electrical power.
PO 00000
Frm 00004
Fmt 4700
Sfmt 4700
(f) As a part of showing compliance
with these special conditions, the tests
by which loss of all normal electrical
power is demonstrated must also take
into account the following:
(1) The failure condition should be
assumed to occur during night
instrument meteorological conditions
(IMC), at the most critical phase of the
flight, relative to the worst possible
electrical-power distribution and
equipment-loads-demand condition.
(2) After the un-restorable loss of
normal engine-generated electrical
power, the airplane-engine-restart
capability must be provided and
operations continued in IMC.
(3) The applicant must demonstrate
that the aircraft is capable of continued
safe flight and landing. The length of
time must be computed based on the
maximum diversion-time capability for
which the airplane is being certified.
Consideration for airspeed reductions
resulting from the associated failure or
failures must be made.
(4) The airplane must provide
adequate indication of loss of normal
electrical power to direct the pilot to the
non-normal procedures, and the AFM
must incorporate non-normal
procedures that will direct the pilot to
take appropriate actions.
Issued in Kansas City, Missouri, on
February 22, 2023.
Patrick R. Mullen,
Manager, Technical Innovation Policy
Branch, Policy and Innovation Division,
Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2023–03981 Filed 2–24–23; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 39
[Docket No. FAA–2022–1485; Project
Identifier MCAI–2022–00522–T; Amendment
39–22333; AD 2023–03–08]
RIN 2120–AA64
Airworthiness Directives; Bombardier,
Inc., Airplanes
Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final rule.
AGENCY:
The FAA is adopting a new
airworthiness directive (AD) for certain
Bombardier, Inc., Model BD–700–2A12
airplanes. This AD was prompted by a
report that certain fasteners attaching
the fuselage skin to a certain stringer
may be missing. This AD requires
inspecting for missing fasteners and
SUMMARY:
E:\FR\FM\27FER1.SGM
27FER1
]]>Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 88, Number 38 (Monday, February 27, 2023)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 12134-12136]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2023-03981]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 25
[Docket No. FAA-2022-0126; Special Conditions No. 25-809-SC]
Special Conditions: Dassault Aviation Model Falcon 6X Airplane;
Operation Without Normal Electrical Power
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Department of
Transportation (DOT).
ACTION: Final special conditions; request for comments.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: These special conditions are issued for the Dassault Aviation
(Dassault) Model Falcon 6X airplane. This airplane will have a novel or
unusual design feature when compared to the state of technology
envisioned in the airworthiness standards for transport category
airplanes. This design feature is an electronic flight-control system
installation that establishes the criticality of the electrical power
generation and distribution systems, such that the loss of all
electrical power may be catastrophic to the airplane. The applicable
airworthiness regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety
standards for this design feature. These special conditions contain the
additional safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary
to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the
existing airworthiness standards.
DATES: This action is effective on Dassault on February 27, 2023. Send
comments on or before April 13, 2023.
ADDRESSES: Send comments identified by Docket No. FAA-2022-0126 using
any of the following methods:
Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to https://www.regulations.gov/ and follow the online instructions for sending
your comments electronically.
Mail: Send comments to Docket Operations, M-30, U.S.
Department of Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Room
W12-140, West Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC 20590-0001.
Hand Delivery or Courier: Take comments to Docket
Operations in Room W12-140 of the West Building Ground Floor at 1200
New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday
through Friday, except Federal holidays.
Fax: Fax comments to Docket Operations at 202-493-2251.
Privacy: Except for Confidential Business Information (CBI) as
described in the following paragraph, and other
[[Page 12135]]
information as described in title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14
CFR) 11.35, the FAA will post all comments received without change to
https://www.regulations.gov/, including any personal information you
provide. The FAA will also post a report summarizing each substantive
verbal contact received about these special conditions.
Confidential Business Information: Confidential Business
Information (CBI) is commercial or financial information that is both
customarily and actually treated as private by its owner. Under the
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) (5 U.S.C. 552), CBI is exempt from
public disclosure. If your comments responsive to these special
conditions contain commercial or financial information that is
customarily treated as private, that you actually treat as private, and
that is relevant or responsive to these special conditions, it is
important that you clearly designate the submitted comments as CBI.
Please mark each page of your submission containing CBI as ``PROPIN.''
The FAA will treat such marked submissions as confidential under the
FOIA, and the indicated comments will not be placed in the public
docket of these special conditions. Send submissions containing CBI to
the Information Contact below. Comments the FAA receives, which are not
specifically designated as CBI, will be placed in the public docket for
these special conditions.
Docket: Background documents or comments received may be read at
https://www.regulations.gov/ at any time. Follow the online
instructions for accessing the docket or go to Docket Operations in
Room W12-140 of the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE, Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through
Friday, except Federal holidays.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Dan Poblete, Aircraft Systems, AIR-
623, Technical Innovation Policy Branch, Policy and Innovation
Division, Aircraft Certification Service, Federal Aviation
Administration, 3960 Paramount Boulevard, Suite 100, Lakewood,
California 90712; telephone 562-627-5335, fax 562-627-5210; email
[email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The substance of these special conditions
has been published in the Federal Register for public comment in
several prior instances with no substantive comments received.
Therefore, the FAA finds that, pursuant to Sec. 11.38(b), new comments
are unlikely, and notice and comment prior to this publication are
unnecessary.
Comments Invited
The FAA invites interested people to take part in this rulemaking
by sending written comments, data, or views. The most helpful comments
reference a specific portion of the special conditions, explain the
reason for any recommended change, and include supporting data.
The FAA will consider all comments received by the closing date for
comments. The FAA may change these special conditions based on the
comments received.
Background
On July 1, 2012, Dassault Aviation applied for a type certificate
for its new Model Falcon 5X airplane. However, Dassault has decided not
to release an airplane under the model designation Falcon 5X, instead
choosing to change that model designation to Falcon 6X.
In February of 2018, due to engine supplier issues, Dassault
extended the type certificate application date for its Model Falcon 5X
airplane under new Model Falcon 6X. This airplane is a twin-engine
business jet with seating for 19 passengers, and has a maximum takeoff
weight of 77,460 pounds.
Type Certification Basis
Under the provisions of 14 CFR 21.17, Dassault must show that the
Model Falcon 6X airplane meets the applicable provisions of part 25, as
amended by amendments 25-1 through 25-146.
If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness
regulations (e.g., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain adequate or
appropriate safety standards for the Dassault Model Falcon 6X airplane
because of a novel or unusual design feature, special conditions are
prescribed under the provisions of Sec. 21.16.
Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which
they are issued. Should the type certificate for that model be amended
later to include any other model that incorporates the same novel or
unusual design feature, these special conditions would also apply to
the other model under Sec. 21.101.
In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special
conditions, the Dassault Model Falcon 6X airplane must comply with the
fuel-vent and exhaust-emission requirements of 14 CFR part 34, and the
noise-certification requirements of 14 CFR part 36.
The FAA issues special conditions, as defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in
accordance with Sec. 11.38, and they become part of the type
certification basis under Sec. 21.17(a)(2).
Novel or Unusual Design Features
The Dassault Model Falcon 6X airplane will incorporate the
following novel or unusual design features:
An electronic flight-control system installation that establishes
the criticality of the electrical power generation and distribution
systems, such that the loss of all electrical power may be catastrophic
to the airplane.
Discussion
The Dassault Aviation Model Falcon 6X airplane will have a fly-by-
wire control system that requires a continuous source of electrical
power to maintain an operable flight-control system. Section
25.1351(d), ``Operation without normal electrical power,'' requires
safe operation for at least five minutes, in visual flight rules (VFR),
with normal power inoperative. This rule was structured around a
traditional design, with mechanical control cables for flight control,
while flightcrew considered the electrical failures, attempted to start
engines(s) if necessary, and attempted to re-establish some of the
electrical-power-generation capability.
Changes in technology have produced advanced electrical and
electronic airplane systems that requires a continuous source of
electrical power to maintain an operable flight-control system. The
Dassault Model Falcon 6X airplane design must not be time-limited in
its operation, including being without the normal source of electrical
power generated from engine generators or auxiliary power unit (APU),
to maintain the same level of safety associated with traditional
designs.
Airplane service experience has shown that the loss of all
electrical power, as generated by the airplane's engine generators or
APU, is not extremely improbable. Therefore, the applicant must
demonstrate that the airplane maintains safe flight and landing,
including steering and braking on the ground with the use of airplane
emergency electrical-power systems. These emergency electrical-power
systems must be able to provide power to loads required for continued
safe flight and landing.
These special conditions contain the additional safety standards
that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of
safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness
standards.
[[Page 12136]]
Applicability
As discussed above, these special conditions are applicable to the
Dassault Model Falcon 6X airplane. Should Dassault apply at a later
date for a change to the type certificate to include another model
incorporating the same novel or unusual design feature, these special
conditions would apply to that model as well.
Conclusion
This action affects only a certain novel or unusual design feature
on one model of airplane. It is not a rule of general applicability.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.
Authority Citation
The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113, 44701, 44702, 44704.
The Special Conditions
Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the following special conditions are issued as part of
the type certification basis for Dassault Aviation Model Falcon 6X
airplanes.
In lieu of the requirements of 14 CFR 25.1351(d), the following
special conditions apply:
(a) The applicant must show, by test or a combination of test and
analysis, that the airplane is capable of continued safe flight and
landing with all normal electrical power sources inoperative, as
prescribed by paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2) below. For purposes of this
special condition, normal sources of electrical-power generation do not
include alternate power sources such as a battery, ram-air turbine, or
independent power systems such as a flight-control permanent-magnet
generating system.
(b) The airplane is demonstrated to be capable of continued safe
flight and landing by ensuring the performance of the systems
capability, effects on crew workload and operating conditions, and the
physiological needs of the flightcrew and passengers meet the
requirements for the longest diversion time for which approval is
sought.
(1) Common-cause failures, cascading failures, and zonal physical
threats must be considered in showing compliance with this requirement.
(2) The ability to restore operation of portions of the electrical-
power generation and distribution system may be considered if it can be
shown that unrecoverable loss of those portions of the system is
extremely improbable. An alternative source of electrical power must be
provided for the time required to restore the minimum electrical-power-
generation capability required for safe flight and landing.
Unrecoverable loss of all engines may be excluded when showing that
unrecoverable loss of critical portions of the electrical system is
extremely improbable. Unrecoverable loss of all engines is covered in
special condition (c), below, and thus may be excluded when showing
compliance with this requirement.
(c) Regardless of any electrical-generation and distribution-system
recovery capability shown under special condition (a), above,
sufficient electrical-system capability must be provided to:
(1) Allow time to descend, with all engines inoperative, at the
speed that provides the best glide distance, from the maximum operating
altitude to the altitude at the top of the engine restart envelope, and
(2) Subsequently allow multiple start attempts of the engines and
APU. This capability must be provided in addition to the electrical
capability required by existing part 25 requirements related to
operation with all engines inoperative.
(d) The airplane emergency electrical-power system must be designed
to supply electrical power required for:
(1) Immediate safety, which must continue to operate without the
need for flightcrew action following the loss of the normal electrical
power, for a duration sufficient to allow reconfiguration to provide a
non-time-limited source of electrical power.
(2) Continued safe flight and landing for the maximum diversion
time.
(e) If APU-generated electrical power is used in satisfying the
requirements of these special conditions, and if reaching a suitable
runway upon which to land is beyond the capacity of the battery
systems, then the APU must be able to be started under any foreseeable
flight condition prior to the depletion of the battery or the
restoration of normal electrical power, which ever occurs first. Flight
tests must demonstrate this capability at the most critical condition.
(1) The applicant must show that the APU will provide adequate
electrical power for continued safe flight and landing.
(2) The Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) must incorporate non-normal
procedures that direct the pilot to take appropriate actions to
activate the APU after loss of normal engine-generated electrical
power.
(f) As a part of showing compliance with these special conditions,
the tests by which loss of all normal electrical power is demonstrated
must also take into account the following:
(1) The failure condition should be assumed to occur during night
instrument meteorological conditions (IMC), at the most critical phase
of the flight, relative to the worst possible electrical-power
distribution and equipment-loads-demand condition.
(2) After the un-restorable loss of normal engine-generated
electrical power, the airplane-engine-restart capability must be
provided and operations continued in IMC.
(3) The applicant must demonstrate that the aircraft is capable of
continued safe flight and landing. The length of time must be computed
based on the maximum diversion-time capability for which the airplane
is being certified. Consideration for airspeed reductions resulting
from the associated failure or failures must be made.
(4) The airplane must provide adequate indication of loss of normal
electrical power to direct the pilot to the non-normal procedures, and
the AFM must incorporate non-normal procedures that will direct the
pilot to take appropriate actions.
Issued in Kansas City, Missouri, on February 22, 2023.
Patrick R. Mullen,
Manager, Technical Innovation Policy Branch, Policy and Innovation
Division, Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2023-03981 Filed 2-24-23; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P
