Notice of Inventory Completion: Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 69317-69326 [2022-25136]

Agencies

• DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
• National Park Service

[Federal Register Volume 87, Number 222 (Friday, November 18, 2022)]
[Notices]
[Pages 69317-69326]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2022-25136]


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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

National Park Service

[NPS-WASO-NAGPRA-NPS0034875; PPWOCRADN0-PCU00RP14.R50000]


Notice of Inventory Completion: Peabody Museum of Archaeology and 
Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA

AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior.

[[Page 69318]]


ACTION: Notice.

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SUMMARY: The Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard 
University has completed an inventory of human remains and associated 
funerary objects, in consultation with the appropriate Indian Tribes or 
Native Hawaiian organizations, and has determined that there is no 
cultural affiliation between the human remains and associated funerary 
objects and any present-day Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian 
organizations. Representatives of any Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian 
organization not identified in this notice that wish to request 
transfer of control of these human remains and associated funerary 
objects should submit a written request to the Peabody Museum of 
Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University. If no additional 
requestors come forward, transfer of control of the human remains and 
associated funerary objects to the Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian 
organizations stated in this notice may proceed.

DATES: Representatives of any Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian 
organization not identified in this notice that wish to request 
transfer of control of these human remains and associated funerary 
objects should submit a written request with information in support of 
the request to the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard 
University at the address in this notice by December 19, 2022.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jane Pickering, William & Muriel 
Seabury Howells Director, Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, 
Harvard University, 11 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, telephone 
(617) 496-2374, email [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Notice is here given in accordance with the 
Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25 
U.S.C. 3003, of the completion of an inventory of human remains and 
associated funerary objects under the control of the Peabody Museum of 
Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA. The human 
remains and associated funerary objects were removed from Essex, 
Middlesex, Norfolk, and Suffolk Counties, MA.
    This notice is published as part of the National Park Service's 
administrative responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 U.S.C. 3003(d)(3) and 
43 CFR 10.11(d). The determinations in this notice are the sole 
responsibility of the museum, institution, or Federal agency that has 
control of the Native American human remains and associated funerary 
objects. The National Park Service is not responsible for the 
determinations in this notice.

Consultation

    A detailed assessment of the human remains and associated funerary 
objects was made by the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology 
professional staff in consultation with representatives of the Mashpee 
Wampanoag Tribe (previously listed as Mashpee Wampanoag Indian Tribal 
Council, Inc.); Narragansett Indian Tribe; Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head 
(Aquinnah); and three non-federally recognized Indian groups: the 
Assonet Band of the Wampanoag Nation; Massachusett-Ponkapoag Tribal 
Council; and the Nipmuc Nation Tribal Council Inc. (hereafter referred 
to as ``The Consulted Tribes and Groups'').

History and description of the Remains

Essex County, MA

    Sometime prior to 1912, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by Andrew Lee II from Lee Field, located in 
Manchester-by-the-Sea. In June of 1912, Lee donated the human remains 
of this individual to the Peabody Museum through Alice E. Putnam. 
Descriptions of the burial noted the presence of several skeletons 
accompanied by a large piece of sheet copper, an iron tomahawk, several 
bone points, cordage, and other unnamed funerary objects. The funerary 
objects described in the burial suggest the interment dates to the 
Historic/Contact Period (i.e., post-500 B.P.). The human remains are 
hair. No known individual was identified. The two associated funerary 
objects are one bone point and one vial of fragments of matting and 
human hair.
    Around 1864, human remains representing, at minimum, two 
individuals were removed by an unknown person from an ``Indian 
cemetery'' in Marblehead. In 1916, F. H. C. Reynolds donated the human 
remains to the Peabody Museum. A description of the burial noted that 
the skeletons were laid in a flexed position; no other contextual 
information is available. The human remains are nearly complete crania 
belonging to two adult females. No known individuals were identified. 
No associated funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by an unknown person from a gravel pit in 
Boxford. In 1917, the town donated these human remains to the Peabody 
Museum. The human remains are cranial fragments belonging to an adult 
male. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary 
objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, two 
individuals were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in 
Salem. In 1919, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex 
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum at Harvard 
University. The human remains are cranial and postcranial fragments 
belonging to two adults, one male and one of unknown sex. No known 
individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    In 1921, human remains representing, at minimum, six individuals 
were removed by Alfred Vincent Kidder from the Shattuck Farm Site in 
Andover. In 1921, Kidder and the Department of Archaeology at the 
Phillips Andover Academy donated these human remains to the Peabody 
Museum. Kidder described a small celt, a set of antler punches, a bone 
or antler harpoon head, and four or five small arrowpoints accompanying 
the burial. These items are not in the collection of the Peabody 
Museum. The Shattuck Farm Site dates from the Archaic to Historic time 
periods. The human remains are cranial and postcranial fragments 
belonging to one male adult, one female adult, three adults of unknown 
sex, and one child of unknown sex. No known individuals were 
identified. The one associated funerary object is a stone gouge.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, nine 
individuals were removed by an unknown person from ``Indian graves'' in 
Manchester-by-the-Sea. In 1922, George A. Gray donated these human 
remains to the Peabody Museum. Also in 1922, the heirs of John Lee 
(Sarah Crombie, Emma F. Priest, Mrs. Downing Lee, Mrs. Andrew Lee, and 
Mary E. Blaisdell) donated the associated funerary objects and the hair 
of one of these individuals to the Peabody Museum. The site from which 
these human remains and associated funerary objects were removed is 
possibly Lee Field, based on the description of a grave in Manchester-
by-the-Sea discovered about fourteen inches below the surface and 
containing four skeletons lying side-by-side with their heads to the 
west. Based on the associated funerary objects and copper stains 
present on some of the human remains, this interment most likely dates 
to the Historic/Contact Period (i.e., post-500 B.P.). The human remains 
are the nearly complete cranium and hair belonging to an adult male; 
cranial

[[Page 69319]]

fragments belonging to one adult male and one adult of unknown sex; and 
cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to one adult male, three 
adults of unknown sex, one subadult of unknown sex, and one child of 
unknown sex. No known individuals were identified. The 33 associated 
funerary objects are five fragments of wooden spoons, six broken bone 
arrowpoints, one broken terracotta tobacco pipe, one lot of fragments 
of a beaver incisor, one lot of fragments of brass plate, six fragments 
of textile, six fragments of cordage, six red fox bones, and one mammal 
long bone.
    In 1904, human remains representing, at minimum, two individuals 
were removed by Dr. Francis B. Harrington from graves located at 
``Indian Ridge,'' on Harrington's estate in Ipswich. In 1927, 
Harrington's wife donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. 
Copper staining on the human remains, as well as European items 
accompanying the burial, indicate a post-Contact date for the interment 
(i.e., A.D. post-1600). The human remains are cranial and postcranial 
fragments belonging to two adults of unknown sex. No known individuals 
were identified. The four associated funerary objects are one ceramic 
and brass or copper elbow pipe, one broken bracelet strand with loose 
beads, one necklace of white and blue glass beads, and one brass 
brazier. The brazier most likely dates to the latter half of the 
sixteenth century and was possibly obtained from a Spanish or 
Portuguese ship visiting the area.
    Around 1944, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual 
were removed by Frank W. Snow from sand under a building on Plum 
Island. In 1946, Snow sent these human remains to Harvard University's 
Department of Legal Medicine, which donated the human remains to the 
Peabody Museum through Alan R. Moritz that same year. The human remains 
are the nearly complete cranium and postcranial fragments belonging to 
an adult female. No known individual was identified. No associated 
funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in 
Danvers. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex 
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through 
Ernest S. Dodge. Copper staining on the cranium indicates the 
individual was interred during the post-Contact/Early Historic Period 
or later (i.e., A.D. post-1614). The human remains are the partial 
cranium belonging to an adult female. No known individual was 
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in 
Andover. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex 
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through 
Ernest S. Dodge. Based on an osteological analysis of the human 
remains, this individual was of mixed Native American and African/
African American ancestry, indicating the individual lived during the 
post-Contact/Early Historic Period or later (i.e., A.D. post-1614). The 
human remains are the partial cranium belonging to a subadult of 
unknown sex. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary 
objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in 
Andover. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex 
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through 
Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to 
an adult male. No known individual was identified. No associated 
funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by an unknown person from a site in Annisquam, 
a village in Gloucester. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the 
Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum 
through Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are the nearly complete 
cranium belonging to an adult male. No known individual was identified. 
No associated funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in 
Beverly. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex 
Museum, donated the human remains to the Peabody Museum through Ernest 
S. Dodge. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to an 
adult male. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary 
objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by an unknown person from Summer Street in 
Salem. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex 
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through 
Ernest S. Dodge. Copper staining on the cranium indicates the 
individual was interred during the post-Contact/Early Historic Period 
or later (i.e., A.D. post-1614). The human remains are cranial 
fragments belonging to an adult female. No known individual was 
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by an unknown person from Turner Street in 
Salem. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex 
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through 
Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are cranial fragments belonging to 
an adult male. No known individual was identified. No associated 
funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, two 
individuals were removed by an unknown person from Salem Harbor. In 
1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex Museum, 
donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through Ernest S. 
Dodge. The human remains are cranial fragments belonging to an adult of 
unknown sex and the partial cranium belonging to an adult female. No 
known individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, two 
individuals were removed by an unknown person from the vicinity of Fort 
Lee in Salem. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody 
Essex Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through 
Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to 
an adult who is probably male and postcranial fragments belonging to an 
adult female. No known individuals were identified. No associated 
funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, two 
individuals were removed by an unknown person from Jessy W. Peabody's 
land in Middletown. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the 
Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum 
through Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are the partial cranium and 
postcranial elements belonging to an adult female and postcranial 
fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex. No known individuals 
were identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one

[[Page 69320]]

individual were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in 
Essex. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex 
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through 
Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are cranial and postcranial 
fragments belonging to an adult male. No known individual was 
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, three 
individuals were removed by an unknown person from Lagrange Street in 
Salem. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex 
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through 
Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are cranial and postcranial 
fragments belonging to one adult male, one adult female, and one adult 
of unknown sex. No known individuals were identified. No associated 
funerary objects are present.
    In August of 1892, human remains representing, at minimum, four 
individuals were removed by the Salem Gas Company from Lagrange Street 
in Salem. In June of 1916, the Salem Gas Company presented these human 
remains to the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex Museum, 
which in turn donated them to the Peabody Museum in 1950, through 
Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are cranial fragments and 
postcranial elements belonging to one adult male, one adult female, and 
two subadults of unknown sex. No known individuals were identified. No 
associated funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, three 
individuals were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in 
Salem. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex 
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through 
Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are partial cranial and postcranial 
elements belonging to two adult males and one subadult of unknown sex. 
No known individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects 
are present.
    In October of 1866, human remains representing, at minimum, six 
individuals were removed by David Moore from Salem. In December of 
1953, these human remains were donated anonymously to the Peabody 
Museum. The human remains are postcranial fragments belonging to an 
adult of unknown sex, cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to an 
adult of unknown sex, cranial fragments belonging to two children of 
unknown sex, the partial cranium and postcranial elements belonging to 
a child of unknown sex, and postcranial fragments belonging to a fetus 
of unknown sex. No known individuals were identified. No associated 
funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, six 
individuals were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in 
Ipswich. In 1957, Richard Ford of the Harvard School of Legal Medicine 
donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through Edward E. 
Hunt. The human remains are cranial and postcranial fragments belonging 
to five children and one infant, all of unknown sex. No known 
individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    In July of 1957, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by Theodore L. Stoddard of the Robert S. 
Peabody Foundation from the Belosselsky Estate in Ipswich. In November 
of 1957, Princess Florence Crane Belosselsky donated these human 
remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains were located 
approximately two feet below the rim of a drumlin, in sand. The 
individual had been interred in a flexed position on the left side, 
facing west, with the feet to the north. A stone pestle was found with 
the burial, but it is not in the collection of the Peabody Museum. No 
information is available regarding the dating of the interment. The 
human remains are the partial cranium and postcranial elements 
belonging to an adult female. No known individual was identified. No 
associated funerary objects are present.
    In 1897, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual 
were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in Nahant. In 
May of 1959, the Warren Anatomical Museum, Harvard University (WAM) 
transferred these human remains to the Peabody Museum. The human 
remains are postcranial fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex. 
No known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    In 1890, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual 
were removed by Dr. F. Humphrey from an unknown site in Ipswich. 
Humphrey presented these human remains to the Robert S. Peabody 
Institute, which in turn donated them to the Peabody Museum in February 
of 1963. The human remains are cranial fragments belonging to an adult 
of unknown sex. No known individual was identified. No associated 
funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by Thomas Clegg from an unknown site in 
Lawrence. Clegg presented these human remains to the Robert S. Peabody 
Institute, which in turn donated them to the Peabody Museum in February 
of 1963. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to an 
adult male. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary 
objects are present.
    In 1890, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual 
were removed by Walter W. Taylor from the bank of the Merrimack River 
in Lowell. Taylor presented these human remains to the Robert S. 
Peabody Institute, which in turn donated them to the Peabody Museum in 
February of 1963. The human remains are the nearly complete cranium 
belonging to an adult male. No known individual was identified. No 
associated funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, two 
individuals were removed by some boys from a gravel pit in Ipswich. Dr. 
Wigglesworth, the medical examiner in Ipswich, presented these remains 
to Dr. Edwin V. Hill at the Department of Legal Medicine, Harvard 
Medical School. Hill in turn donated the remains to the Peabody Museum 
in March of 1964. The human remains are the partial cranium and 
postcranial fragments belonging to two subadults of unknown sex. No 
known individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    In May of 1916, human remains representing, at minimum, two 
individuals were removed by an unknown person from Lagrange Street in 
Salem. In April of 1964, these hitherto uncatalogued human remains were 
found in the Peabody Museum and were accessioned. The human remains are 
cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to one adult and one 
subadult of unknown sex. No known individuals were identified. No 
associated funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by H.C. Perkins from near the mouth of the 
Merrimack River in Newburyport. In 1867, Perkins donated these human 
remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains are the partial 
cranium belonging to an adult male. No known individual was identified. 
No associated funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by H.C. Perkins from an unknown site in 
Beverly. In 1867, Perkins donated these human remains to the Peabody

[[Page 69321]]

Museum. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to an adult 
female. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary 
objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site, 
possibly George Titcomb's cellar, in Newburyport. In 1867, Edward A. 
Hale donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. Copper stains 
present on the human remains indicate interment sometime during the 
early Historic period or later (i.e., A.D. post-1600). The human 
remains are cranial fragments belonging to a child of unknown sex. No 
known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    In 1867, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual 
were removed by George Peabody Russell from an unknown site in Essex 
and donated by him to the Peabody Museum the same year. The human 
remains are cranial fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex. No 
known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by William C. Otis from an unknown site in 
Nahant. In 1868, Otis donated these human remains to the Peabody 
Museum. The human remains are the nearly complete cranium belonging to 
an adult male. No known individual was identified. No associated 
funerary objects are present.
    In 1868, human remains representing, at minimum, two individuals 
were removed by Jefferies Wyman and J. Elliot Cabot from the Eagle Hill 
shell heap, 19ES0084, in Ipswich and donated by them to the Peabody 
Museum the same year. Non-funerary objects found at the site, including 
shells, animal bones, pottery fragments, small stemmed points, and 
small triangle points, indicate that the interments date to the Late 
Archaic through Woodland Periods (5000-500 B.P.). The human remains are 
cranial fragments belonging to a child of unknown sex and postcranial 
fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex. No known individuals 
were identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
    In October of 1876, human remains representing, at minimum, three 
individuals were removed by Joseph Ballard for the Peabody Academy of 
Science from an ``Indian grave'' in Saugus. The Peabody Academy of 
Science, now the Peabody Essex Museum, in turn donated these human 
remains to the Peabody Museum the same year. Based on the associated 
funerary objects, this interment dates to the post-Contact period or 
later (i.e., A.D. post-1600). The human remains are the nearly complete 
crania belonging to one adult male and one adult female and the partial 
cranium belonging to an adult male. No known individuals were 
identified. The 66 associated funerary objects are one pair of iron 
scissors, one iron jackknife with a molded brass handle, one bone 
implement, one broken bone implement, and 62 shell beads.
    In 1874 and 1876, human remains representing, at minimum, 20 
individuals were removed by the Essex Institute for the Peabody Academy 
of Science from Beesom's Pasture in Marblehead. In 1876, the Peabody 
Academy of Science, now the Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human 
remains to the Peabody Museum. The burials are described as being in a 
flexed position, and based on the positioning of the individuals, all 
the decedents likely were interred at the same time. A dark red ochre-
like substance was also found on the human remains. The associated 
funerary objects, which are not in the collection of the Peabody 
Museum, include the remains of a bearskin pouch, copper tubular beads, 
and pottery fragments. Based on the associated funerary objects and the 
description of the burials at the site, these remains were likely 
interred during the Late Woodland Period or later (i.e., post-1000 
B.P.). The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to an adult 
male; postcranial fragments belonging to 13 adults of unknown sex; the 
partial cranium and postcranial elements belonging to one adult male 
and one adult of unknown sex; postcranial fragments belonging to an 
adult male; and cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to one 
adult female, one adult male, and one adult of unknown sex. No known 
individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    In 1876 and at an unknown date, human remains representing, at 
minimum, nine individuals were removed by D. R. Bickford from his lawn 
in Marblehead. In 1876, the Peabody Academy of Science, now the Peabody 
Essex Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. The 
human remains are the nearly complete cranium belonging to an adult 
female; cranial fragments belonging to two adults who are probably 
male; cranial fragments belonging to one adult of unknown sex, one 
subadult of unknown sex, and one child of unknown sex; and postcranial 
elements belonging to two adult females and one subadult of unknown 
sex. No known individuals were identified. No associated funerary 
objects are present.
    In 1876, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual 
were removed by James Kimball from the corner of Essex and Cambridge 
Streets in Salem. That same year, the Peabody Academy of Science, now 
the Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody 
Museum. Based on an osteological analysis of these remains, this 
individual was of mixed Native American and African/African American 
ancestry and therefore lived during the post-Contact or early Historic 
Period or later (i.e., A.D. post-1614). The human remains are the 
partial cranium belonging to an adult male. No known individual was 
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
    In 1876, human remains representing, at minimum, four individuals 
were removed by James Kimball from the corner of Essex and Cambridge 
Streets in Salem. That same year, the Peabody Academy of Science, now 
the Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody 
Museum. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to one 
adult male, cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to one adult 
male, one subadult of unknown sex, and cranial and postcranial 
fragments belonging to one child of unknown sex. No known individuals 
were identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
    In 1872, human remains representing, at minimum, three individuals 
were removed by C. Cooke of the Peabody Academy of Science from the 
Pine Grove shell heap, 19ES0226, in Marblehead. In 1876, the Peabody 
Academy of Science, now the Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human 
remains to the Peabody Museum. Non-funerary items from the site not in 
the collection of the Peabody Museum include bifacial stone points, an 
adze, pendants, stone tools, chipping waste, and a pestle. These items 
indicate that interment took place during the pre-Contact Period, 
possibly in the Late Archaic Period (5000-3000 B.P.). The human remains 
are the partial cranium belonging to one adult male and postcranial 
fragments belonging to one adult female and one adult who is probably 
female. No known individuals were identified. No associated funerary 
objects are present.
    In 1872, human remains representing, at minimum, 16 individuals 
were removed by C. Cooke of the Peabody Academy of Science from Linden 
Street in Salem. In 1876, the Peabody Academy of Science, now the 
Peabody

[[Page 69322]]

Essex Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. The 
human remains are postcranial fragments belonging to 11 adults of 
unknown sex and cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to one 
adult male, three adult females, and one adult of unknown sex. No known 
individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    In January of 1874, human remains representing, at minimum, two 
individuals were removed by W. B. Wyman from a location near the Pine 
Grove shell heap in Marblehead. In 1876, the Peabody Academy of 
Science, now the Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human remains to 
the Peabody Museum. Non-funerary items from the Pine Grove shell heap 
not in the collection of the Peabody Museum include bifacial stone 
points, an adze, pendants, stone tools, chipping waste, and a pestle. 
These items indicate that interment took place during the pre-Contact 
Period, possibly in the Late Archaic Period (5000-3000 B.P.). The human 
remains are cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to an adult 
female and postcranial fragments belonging to an adult male. No known 
individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    In November of 1874, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by the Essex Institute for the Peabody Academy 
of Science from Wyman's Pasture in Marblehead. In 1876, the Peabody 
Academy of Science, now the Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human 
remains to the Peabody Museum. Copper staining on the human remains 
indicate the individual was interred during the Historic/Contact Period 
(i.e., post-500 B.P.). The human remains are cranial and postcranial 
fragments belonging to an adult female. No known individual was 
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
    In 1872, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual 
were removed by Frederic Ward Putnam and the Peabody Academy of Science 
from the Eagle Hill shell heap, 19ES0084, in Ipswich. In 1876, the 
Peabody Academy of Science, now the Peabody Essex Museum, donated these 
human remains to the Peabody Museum. Non-funerary objects found at the 
site, including shells, animal bones, pottery fragments, small stemmed 
points, and small triangle points, indicate that the interments date to 
the Late Archaic through Woodland Periods (5000-500 B.P.). The human 
remains are cranial fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex. No 
known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    In 1872, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual 
were removed by C. Cooke of the Peabody Academy of Science from the 
Wyman's Crossing shell heap in Marblehead. In 1876, the Peabody Academy 
of Science, now the Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human remains 
to the Peabody Museum. Non-funerary items from the site, which include 
stone tools, stone chips, animal bones, and charred wood, indicate the 
human remains were interred during the Late Archaic Period (5000-3000 
B.P.). The human remains are postcranial fragments belonging to an 
adult of unknown sex. No known individual was identified. No associated 
funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by A.J. Colburn from Peter's Falls in West 
Andover. In February of 1877, the Peabody Museum purchased these human 
remains. The human remains are the partial cranium and postcranial 
elements belonging to an adult male. No known individual was 
identified. The one associated funerary object is a metal button. The 
metal button post-dates the arrival of Europeans and indicates the 
human remains were interred during the Historic/Contact Period (i.e., 
post-500 B.P.).
    In 1878, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual 
were removed by Henry Coleman from an unknown site in Swampscott. In 
May of 1879, Coleman donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. 
The human remains are the nearly complete cranium belonging to an adult 
who is probably female. No known individual was identified. No 
associated funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by a Mr. Ober from ``Indian Hill,'' located on 
Beverly Cove, in Beverly. Today, this site is the location of the 
Beverly Cemetery. In July of 1879, the Peabody Museum purchased these 
human remains as part of the Ober Collection. Objects found at the site 
not associated with the burial include atlatl fragments, a full-grooved 
axe, plain and grooved gouges, and temporally diagnostic bifaces such 
as Atlantic, Orient Fishtails, and Neville points. The stone implements 
and projectile point types support a Late to Transitional Archaic 
Period date for the interment (5000-3000 B.P.). The human remains are 
the nearly complete cranium belonging to an adult female. No known 
individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in 
Salem. In July of 1881, Cordelia A. Studley donated these human remains 
to the Peabody Museum. The human remains are the partial cranium 
belonging to an adult who is probably female. No known individual was 
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
    In January of 1968, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by Douglas S. Byers near or on Launching Road 
in Andover, after they were unearthed by a bulldozer working on 
construction of a new road. That same month, Byers donated these human 
remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains are cranial and 
postcranial fragments belonging to an adult female. No known individual 
was identified. No associated funerary objects are present.

Middlesex County, MA

    Sometime in the 1950s, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by Malcolm Brooks Davis from a location 
somewhere between Spy Pond and Menotomy Rocks Park, in Arlington. In 
October of 1975, John Blackwell donated these human remains to the 
Peabody Museum. The human remains are the nearly complete cranium 
belonging to an adult male. No known individual was identified. No 
associated funerary objects are present.
    About 1895, human remains representing, at minimum, two individuals 
were removed by R. L. Richardson from burials at the Fresh Pond ice 
houses in Cambridge. In 1913, Richardson's wife donated these human 
remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains are the partial 
cranium belonging to an adult male and postcranial fragments belonging 
to an adult of unknown sex. No known individuals were identified. No 
associated funerary objects are present.
    In 1913, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual 
were removed by Samuel J. Guernsey, as part of a Peabody Museum 
Expedition, from a stone-lined grave in Watertown. Artifacts found in 
the immediate vicinity, not associated with the burial indicate these 
human remains were interred during the Transitional Archaic Period 
(3500-2500 B.P.). The human remains are cranial and postcranial 
fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex. No known individual was 
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.

[[Page 69323]]

    In 1913, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual 
were removed by Samuel J. Guernsey, as part of a Peabody Museum 
Expedition, from a grave in Watertown. A description of the burial 
noted that there were acorns at the bottom of the pit, and the human 
remains rested against the side of the pit and were nearly all decayed. 
Artifacts found in the immediate vicinity, not associated with the 
burial indicate these human remains were interred during the 
Transitional Archaic Period (3500-2500 B.P.). The human remains are 
cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex. 
No known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, 14 
individuals were likely removed by George or Cheston Sawtelle from an 
unknown site in the vicinity of Lowell. Subsequently, these human 
remains formed part of the Sawtelle Collection at the Robert S. Peabody 
Institute. In 1951, the Robert S. Peabody Institute donated the human 
remains to the Peabody Museum through Douglas S. Byers. The human 
remains are cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to one child, 
three subadults, and four adults, all of unknown sex; cranial fragments 
belonging to two adults of unknown sex; cranial fragments belonging to 
an adult male; cranial fragments belonging to two adult females; and 
cranial fragments belonging to an individual of unknown age and sex. No 
known individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, five 
individuals were removed by an unknown person from a grave in 
Winchester. An unknown person likely donated these human remains to the 
Peabody Museum in 1892. The human remains are the partial cranium and 
postcranial elements belonging to five adults, four of whom are of 
unknown sex and one who is probably female. No known individuals were 
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by an unknown person from a sand bank in West 
Newton. These human remains were likely donated to the Peabody Museum 
by the West Newton Board of Health in 1895. The human remains are the 
partial cranium and postcranial elements belonging to an adult female. 
No known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    In 1877, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual 
were removed by James G. Wade from his farm in Wayland. In 1895, Wade 
donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains 
are the partial cranium and postcranial elements belonging to a 
subadult who is probably male. No known individual was identified. No 
associated funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, two 
individuals were removed by an unknown person from a sand bank on 
Washington Street in West Newton. In 1896, the West Newton Board of 
Health donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. The human 
remains are the partial cranium and postcranial elements belonging to 
an adult female and cranial fragments belonging to a child of unknown 
sex. No known individuals were identified. No associated funerary 
objects are present.
    In January of 1967, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by Ramon de Cruz and James Di Tucci from the 
fill or dump for the Charles Farm located behind a cemetery, in 
Cambridge. Presumably, these human remains had been bulldozed off the 
edge of the cemetery. That same month, de Cruz and Di Tucci donated the 
human remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains are cranial and 
postcranial fragments belonging to an adult male. No known individual 
was identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
    In August of 1967, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by Roger W. Hamilton and Robert F. Doherty from 
the fill or dump for the Charles Farm, located behind a cemetery, in 
Cambridge. Presumably, these human remains had been bulldozed off the 
edge of the cemetery. In September of 1967, Hamilton and Doherty 
donated the human remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains are 
cranial fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex. No known 
individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are present.

Norfolk County, MA

    In 1901, human remains representing, at minimum, 14 individuals 
were removed by William O. Crosby from the Squantum shell heap in 
Quincy. That same year, Crosby donated these human remains to the 
Peabody Museum. Although this site is a known Native American shell 
heap, no information concerning the context or date of these human 
remains is available. The human remains are cranial and postcranial 
fragments belonging to two adults who are probably female, four adults 
of unknown sex, seven children of unknown sex, and one subadult male. 
No known individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects 
are present.
    In 1927, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual 
were removed by Augustus Hemenway from the vicinity of Green Street in 
Canton. That same year, Hemenway gave these human remains to the 
Peabody Museum. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to 
an adult male. No known individual was identified. No associated 
funerary objects are present.
    In October of 1937, human remains representing, at minimum, two 
individuals were removed by Marshall T. Newman of Harvard University's 
Division of Anthropology from the vicinity of Crabtree Road in Quincy. 
That same month, the Division of Anthropology gave these human remains 
to the Peabody Museum. The individuals were interred in a flexed 
position with the head to the east and with several rolled copper sheet 
beads around the head. Copper staining on the human remains and the 
associated copper sheet beads indicate this interment dates to the 
post-Contact period (i.e., A.D. post-1600). The human remains are the 
nearly complete cranium and postcranial fragments belonging to an adult 
male and postcranial fragments belonging to an adult female. No known 
individuals were identified. The three associated funerary objects are 
two copper beads with attached human hair and one flat ovate stone.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by the Police Department of Quincy from an 
unknown site in Quincy. In November of 1954, the Quincy Police 
Department donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through 
Edward E. Hunt. The human remains are the nearly complete cranium and 
postcranial elements belonging to an adult female. No known individual 
was identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by Dr. H.B. Inches from an unknown site in 
Brookline. Inches presented these human remains to the Boston Society 
for Medical Improvement (BSMI). In 1888-1889, the cabinet of the BSMI 
was officially transferred to the Warren Anatomical Museum, Harvard 
University (WAM), and in May of 1959, WAM transferred these human 
remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains are the partial 
cranium

[[Page 69324]]

belonging to an adult who is probably male. No known individual was 
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
    In August of 1898, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed during a Peabody Museum expedition from Hough's 
Neck in Quincy. These human remains were found with five other 
skeletons not in the collection of the Peabody Museum and whose 
locations are unknown. The human remains are the partial cranium 
belonging to an adult male. No known individual was identified. No 
associated funerary objects are present.
    In October of 1969, human remains representing, at minimum, nine 
individuals were removed by Dr. Stephen Williams and Dr. Dena Dincauze, 
as part of a Peabody Museum expedition, from the Burr Lane Cemetery in 
Canton. These human remains were removed from burials in a known, 
eighteenth-century ``Praying Indian'' cemetery of the Ponkapoag. The 
burials in this cemetery exhibited English customs of the eighteenth 
century, such as securing shrouds with copper pins, using pine coffins, 
and rectangular graves. Grave markers were likely present, as one 
footstone was discovered. Objects associated with burials from this 
site, such as coffin nails, an eighteenth-century kaolin pipe, a 
fragment of ceramic, a piece of lead shot, and a fragment of shroud 
cloth with a copper pin adhering, also support an early-mid eighteenth-
century date for these interments. A small-handled cup found in the 
immediate vicinity but not in association with any burials is of a type 
of English ware in use from 1690-1720. The human remains are 
postcranial fragments belonging to an adult who is probably male and an 
adult of unknown sex; the partial cranium and postcranial fragments 
belonging to an adult female; cranial fragments belonging to an adult 
of unknown sex; the nearly complete skeletons belonging to an adult 
female and an adult male; cranial and postcranial fragments belonging 
to an adult who is probably female; the nearly complete cranium and 
postcranial fragments belonging to an adult who is probably female; and 
the partial cranium belonging to an adult of unknown sex. No known 
individuals were identified. The seven associated funerary objects are 
one bag of nails, one bag of textile fragments, one clay pipe, one 
fragment of white-glazed ceramic material, one fragment of lead shot, 
one lot of shroud cloth fragments with an adhering copper pin, and one 
lot of iron nails and fragments with adhering wood fragments.

Suffolk County, MA

    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, seven 
individuals were removed by an unknown person from an unknown burial 
location, possibly at Bunker Hill in Charlestown. In 1900, an unknown 
person donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. The human 
remains are the partial cranium and postcranial elements belonging to 
an adult male, an adult female, and five adults of unknown sex. No 
known individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    In June of 1861, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by Dr. P.A. O'Connell of the United States Army 
from a burial site ten feet from the eastern edge of Long Island in 
Boston Harbor. O'Connell sent these human remains to Dr. Henry G. 
Clark, who in turn presented them to the Warren Anatomical Museum, 
Harvard University (WAM) in 1862. In 1916, the Peabody Museum received 
the human remains via an exchange with WAM. The Long Island burial site 
was an organized burial ground, with the burials arranged in rows. 
Individuals were consistently buried in a flexed posture with the head 
directed to the south and without accompanying funerary objects. This 
contextual information suggests these interments date to the Late 
Woodland period or later (i.e., post-1000 B.P.). The history of Long 
Island strongly indicates that during and after King Philip's War (A.D. 
1675-1676), it served as a burial place for a population of New England 
Native American individuals that included, but was not limited to, the 
Massachusett and Pawtucket. During King Philip's War, Long Island was 
used as an internment camp for so-called ``Praying Indians'' captured 
from the 14 towns within Massachusett and Pawtucket homelands. The 
internment of Praying Indians on Long Island, Deer Island, and other 
Boston Harbor islands ended in 1677, but not before many of them had 
died of starvation, disease, and exposure. During later historic 
periods, several other groups used Long Island for burials, at least 
some of whom may have included individuals of Native American ancestry. 
The burial places of these individuals may have been confused with 
burial places of Native American individuals in recorded histories, 
remembered histories, and during archeological and other island 
surveys. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to an 
adult female. No known individual was identified. No associated 
funerary objects are present.
    In November of 1921, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by Frank N. Belcher from the Belcher estate in 
Winthrop. That same year Belcher donated these human remains to the 
Peabody Museum. Belcher described the burial as ``on the southeast 
slope of a sand and gravel soil, about 4 feet deep.'' The human remains 
are cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to an adult male. No 
known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by an unknown person from Washington Street in 
Boston. In May of 1959, the Warren Anatomical Museum, Harvard 
University (WAM) transferred these human remains to the Peabody Museum. 
The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to an adult male. 
No known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    In 1878, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual 
were removed by A.A. Tapley from the G.A. Tapley Farm in Revere. That 
same year, A.A. Tapley donated these human remains to the Peabody 
Museum. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to an adult 
female. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary 
objects are present.
    In December of 1881, human remains representing, at minimum, two 
individuals were removed by E.H. Whorf from an unknown site in Revere. 
That same year, Walter Faxon donated these human remains to the Peabody 
Museum. The human remains are the nearly complete skeleton belonging to 
an adult male and postcranial fragments belonging to an adult of 
unknown sex. No known individuals were identified. No associated 
funerary objects are present.
    In June of 1886, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by Dr. D.D. Slade from a ``ledgy hillside'' 
northeast of the Reservoir Gateway in Brighton. That same month, Slade 
donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains 
were removed from under 3.5 feet of loam. The human remains are the 
partial cranium and postcranial elements belonging to a subadult 
female. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary 
objects are present.
    In May of 1888, human remains representing, at minimum, one

[[Page 69325]]

individual were removed by William Doogue, Dexter Brackett, and 
Franklin Otis from the vicinity of the Tremont Street Mall on the 
Boston Common in Boston. That same month, Doogue, Brackett, and Otis 
donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. At the time of 
removal, clam shells were found in association with the human remains. 
The human remains are the nearly complete cranium and postcranial 
fragments belonging to an adult male. No known individual was 
identified. The one associated funerary object is a clam shell (Mya 
arenaria).
    In April of 1888, human remains representing, at minimum, 13 
individuals were removed by railroad workers and railroad 
superintendent C.H. Hammond from the Central Station site, 19SU0003, in 
Winthrop. In May of 1888, Hammond donated these human remains to the 
Peabody Museum. The Central Station site dates to ca. 1450-1634. 
Objects associated with burials at the site, such as copper items and 
European materials provide a date during the Historic/Contact Period, 
and a cattle pound built by the town near the burials provides a 
terminus ante quem date of 1634 for the site. The human remains are 
partial crania belonging to one adult female and one adult male; 
cranial fragments belonging to one adult who is probably female and one 
adult of unknown sex; the nearly complete, partially mummified cranium 
belonging to an adult male; cranial and postcranial elements belonging 
to three adult males and three adult females; cranial and postcranial 
fragments belonging to one child of unknown sex; and cranial and 
postcranial fragments belonging to one adult of unknown sex. No known 
individuals were identified. The seven associated funerary objects 
include four objects that are present in the Peabody Museum collections 
and three objects that are currently missing. The four present 
associated funerary objects are one bag of copper fragments, one bag of 
bark cloth fragments, one sheet of copper, and one bag of birchbark mat 
fragments. The three associated funerary objects currently missing are 
two lots of copper and bark cloth fragments and one lot of sand.
    In 1888 and 1890, human remains representing, at minimum, 14 
individuals were removed by Frederic Ward Putnam, as part of a Peabody 
Museum expedition, from the Central Station site, 19SU0003, in 
Winthrop. As described above, the Central Station site is dated to ca. 
1450-1634. The human remains are the nearly complete skeletons 
belonging to three adult males, one adult female, one subadult who is 
probably male, and one child of unknown sex; partial cranium belonging 
to one infant of unknown sex; cranial and postcranial fragments 
belonging to two infants of unknown sex and one child of unknown sex; 
partial cranium belonging to one adult male; cranial and postcranial 
fragments belonging to one child of unknown sex; and cranial fragments 
belonging to two adults of unknown sex. No known individuals were 
identified. The 82 associated funerary objects include 81 objects that 
are present in the Peabody Museum collections and one object that is 
currently missing. The 81 present associated funerary objects are one 
fragmented pottery vessel, six lots of pottery vessel fragments, one 
pottery vessel, two iron implements, eight copper or brass beads, 11 
bone points, one beaver tooth, one beaver tooth fragment, one brass 
arrowpoint, one lot of copper beads and fragments of string, one lot of 
bark mat fragments, one shell, one strand of shell beads, 10 beads, two 
strands of glass beads, 11 shell and blue glass beads, one lot of a 
clay pipe and its fragments, one bag of textile fragments, two metal 
spoons, six brass or copper ornaments, four shell beads, one small 
pottery vessel and three sherds, one stone effigy pestle, one rubbing 
stone, one antler spoon, and one bone implement. The one associated 
funerary object currently missing is the fragment of a pottery vessel.
    Between 1885 and 1887, human remains representing, at minimum, 28 
individuals were removed by the Boston Gas Light Company from 
Commercial Point in Dorchester, during construction. In 1889, Walter K. 
Means of the Boston Gas Light Company donated these human remains to 
the Peabody Museum. The human remains were found at the top of a beach, 
between two and three feet below the original surface, with streaks of 
beach gravel and scatterings of clam shells and black ashes visible in 
the soil. There were no funerary objects found with the human remains, 
but the partial preservation of some of the human remains due to the 
action of copper salts suggests that a copper burial object had also 
been interred. The presence of this cupric staining indicates that the 
interments post-date the Contact Period and provides a burial date of 
post-500 B.P. The human remains are cranial and postcranial fragments 
belonging to an adult of unknown sex; cranial fragments belonging to 
two adults and one subadult of unknown sex; cranial elements belonging 
to four children of unknown sex; postcranial fragments belonging to 
four adults, four subadults, four children, and one infant of unknown 
sex; postcranial fragments belonging to an adult female; the nearly 
complete cranium and postcranial elements belonging to an adult female; 
cranial and postcranial elements belonging to two children and one 
infant of unknown sex; cranial elements belonging to an adult female; 
and cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to an adult who is 
probably female. No known individuals were identified. No associated 
funerary objects are present.
    About 1899, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual 
were removed by Freeman F. Burr from the Squantum shell heap in Quincy. 
That same year, Burr donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. 
The human remains were located approximately a foot below the level of 
the shell heap. Based on the non-funerary objects at this site, which 
include a chipped stone implement; fragments of thin, black, friable, 
sand-tempered, decorated ceramics; shells; a slate slab; charcoal; and 
fragments of bone, this interment most likely occurred during the Late 
Archaic to Late Woodland periods (5000-500 B.P.). The human remains are 
the nearly complete skeleton belonging to one infant of unknown sex. No 
known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are 
present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were likely removed by an unknown person from Revere. In 
1892, G. Arthur Tapley donated these human remains were donated to the 
Peabody Museum. The human remains are partial cranial elements 
belonging to an adult male. No known individual was identified. No 
associated funerary objects are present.
    At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in 
Chelsea. The human remains were likely donated to the Peabody Museum by 
Jefferies Wyman in 1867. The human remains are cranial elements 
belonging to an adult female. No known individual was identified. No 
associated funerary objects are present.
    Between 1880 and 1899, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by George B. Frazar from a burial place in 
Winthrop. In 1899, Frazar sold these human remains to the Peabody 
Museum. The burial place in question is likely the Central Station site 
(19SU0003), also known as the Winthrop Cemetery or The Pound, which was 
discovered and destroyed during railroad depot

[[Page 69326]]

construction between 1888 and 1890. As described above, the Central 
Station site is dated to ca. 1450-1634. The human remains are cranial 
elements belonging to an adult female. No known individual was 
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
    In April of 1971, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by Dr. Dena Dincauze, as part of a Peabody 
Museum expedition, from a shell midden on Peddock's Island (19PL0003 
and 19-SU-3a) in Boston Harbor. The shell midden above the human 
remains was five to six inches deep; no shells were found below the 
human remains in the burial pit. The burial pit was lined with black 
organic matter, and red ochre stain was observed in the northeast 
corner of the pit, on some of the bones. Three fieldstone slabs of 
Cambridge slate were in the north and northeast areas of the pit, 
beside and over the head. The human remains had been tightly bundled, 
almost certainly had been defleshed, and were at least partially 
articulated at the time of burial. Human remains from this site have 
been radiocarbon dated to 4435 +/- 225 B.P., or 2600-2900 B.P., which 
corresponds to the Late Archaic Period (5000-3000 B.P.) for the 
Peddock's Island area. The red ochre found with the human remains 
supports this date. The human remains are cranial and postcranial 
fragments belonging to an adult male. No known individual was 
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
    Between 1969 and 1972, human remains representing, at minimum, one 
individual were removed by Dr. Dena Dincauze, David Braun, and William 
Fitzhugh, as part of a Peabody Museum expedition, from Thompson's 
Island in Boston Harbor. This habitation and midden site covers a large 
part of the surface of the sandy elevation at the southeastern corner 
of the island. Occupation most likely began during the Atlantic phase, 
ca. 4000 B.P., and continued through the Late Woodland Period, ca. 
1000-500 B.P. The interment is a shell midden sub-burial, which 
indicates that it pre-dates at least some of the occupational periods 
of the site. The burial position was most likely flexed with a northern 
orientation. No artifacts were found within the burial pit and there 
were no temporally diagnostic artifacts within the two clam shell 
strata located directly above the burial. However, in other portions of 
the site similar clam shell strata contained artifacts ranging from 
4000-500 B.P., suggesting that the burial dates to the earlier 
occupational period of the Late Archaic. The human remains are cranial 
fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex. No known individual was 
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
    Historical documents and other information obtained through 
consultation show that areas of northeastern Massachusetts were 
aboriginally occupied by the Wampanoag people. These types of sources 
also show that portions of Suffolk, Essex, Norfolk, and Middlesex 
Counties, MA, were aboriginally occupied by the Massachusett and 
Pawtucket peoples, neither of whom are represented by any federally 
recognized Indian Tribe.

Determinations Made by the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, 
Harvard University

    Officials of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, 
Harvard University have determined that:
     Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(9), the human remains described 
in this notice are Native American based on osteological analysis, 
archeological context, and museum records.
     Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(9), the human remains described 
in this notice represent the physical remains of 277 individuals of 
Native American ancestry.
     Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(A), the 207 objects 
described in this notice are reasonably believed to have been placed 
with or near individual human remains at the time of death or later as 
part of the death rite or ceremony.
     Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), a relationship of shared 
group identity cannot be reasonably traced between the Native American 
human remains and associated funerary objects and any present-day 
Indian Tribe.
     Treaties, Acts of Congress, or Executive Orders, indicate 
that the land from which the Native American human remains and 
associated funerary objects were removed is the aboriginal land of the 
Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe (previously listed as Mashpee Wampanoag Indian 
Tribal Council, Inc.) and the Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head (Aquinnah) 
(hereafter referred to as ``The Tribes'').
     Pursuant to 43 CFR 10.11(c)(1), the disposition of the 
human remains and associated funerary objects may be to The Tribes.

Additional Requestors and Disposition

    Representatives of any Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian organization 
not identified in this notice that wish to request transfer of control 
of these human remains and associated funerary objects should submit a 
written request with information in support of the request to Jane 
Pickering, William & Muriel Seabury Howells Director, Peabody Museum of 
Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, 11 Divinity Avenue, 
Cambridge, MA 02138, telephone (617) 496-2374, email 
[email protected], by December 19, 2022. After that date, if 
no additional requestors have come forward, transfer of control of the 
human remains and associated funerary objects to The Tribes may 
proceed.
    The Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University 
is responsible for notifying The Consulted Tribes and Groups that this 
notice has been published.

    Dated: November 9, 2022.
Melanie O'Brien,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. 2022-25136 Filed 11-17-22; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312-52-P