Airworthiness Directives; Various Airplanes, 8158-8167 [2022-03000]
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Federal Register / Vol. 87, No. 30 / Monday, February 14, 2022 / Rules and Regulations
Des Moines, WA 98198; phone and fax: 206–
231–3165; email: dean.r.thompson@faa.gov.
(3) For service information identified in
this AD that is not incorporated by reference,
contact Boeing Commercial Airplanes,
Attention: Contractual & Data Services
(C&DS), 2600 Westminster Blvd., MC 110
SK57, Seal Beach, CA 90740–5600; telephone
562–797–1717; internet https://
www.myboeingfleet.com.
at the FAA, Airworthiness Products
Section, Operational Safety Branch, 901
Locust, Kansas City, MO 64106. For
information on the availability of this
material at the FAA, call (817) 222–
5110. It is also available at https://
www.regulations.gov by searching for
and locating Docket No. FAA–2021–
0715.
(j) Material Incorporated by Reference
None.
Examining the AD Docket
Issued on February 7, 2022.
Lance T. Gant,
Director, Compliance & Airworthiness
Division, Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2022–03144 Filed 2–10–22; 11:15 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 39
[Docket No. FAA–2021–0715; Project
Identifier AD–2021–00259–A; Amendment
39–21932; AD 2022–03–15]
RIN 2120–AA64
Airworthiness Directives; Various
Airplanes
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final rule.
AGENCY:
Background
The FAA is adopting a new
airworthiness directive (AD) for various
airplanes modified with certain
configurations of Garmin G3X Touch
Electronic Flight Instrument System
installed per Supplemental Type
Certificate (STC) No. SA01899WI or
Garmin GI 275 Multi-Function Display
(MFD) installed per STC No.
SA02658SE. This AD was prompted by
a report of a fuel quantity disparity
between the amount of fuel indicated
and the actual amount of fuel. This AD
requires modifying the resistive fuel
probe interface. The FAA is issuing this
AD to address the unsafe condition on
these products.
DATES: This AD is effective March 21,
2022.
The Director of the Federal Register
approved the incorporation by reference
of certain publications listed in this AD
as of March 21, 2022.
ADDRESSES: For service information
identified in this final rule, contact
Garmin International, Garmin Aviation
Support, 1200 E 151st Street, Olathe, KS
66062; phone: (866) 739–5687; email:
avionics@garmin.com; website: https://
fly.garmin.com/fly-garmin/support/.
You may view this service information
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SUMMARY:
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You may examine the AD docket at
https://www.regulations.gov by
searching for and locating Docket No.
FAA–2021–0715; or in person at Docket
Operations between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m.,
Monday through Friday, except Federal
holidays. The AD docket contains this
final rule, any comments received, and
other information. The address for
Docket Operations is U.S. Department of
Transportation, Docket Operations, M–
30, West Building Ground Floor, Room
W12–140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE,
Washington, DC 20590.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Kevin Marks, Aviation Safety Engineer,
Wichita ACO Branch, FAA, 1801
Airport Road, Wichita, KS 67209;
phone: (316) 946–4153; email:
kevin.marks@faa.gov or Wichita-COS@
faa.gov.
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The FAA issued a notice of proposed
rulemaking (NPRM) to amend 14 CFR
part 39 by adding an AD that would
apply to various airplanes modified
with certain configurations of Garmin
G3X Touch Electronic Flight Instrument
System installed per STC No.
SA01899WI or Garmin GI 275 MFD
installed per STC No. SA02658SE. The
NPRM published in the Federal
Register on August 27, 2021 (86 FR
48070). The NPRM was prompted by
notification of a Piper production line
issue with the installation of a Garmin
G3X Touch Electronic Flight Instrument
System installed under STC No.
SA01899WI. After calibration and
fueling the airplane to a known level,
the flight crew noted that the fuel
quantity indicator displayed a higher
level of fuel.
The Garmin G3X Touch Electronic
Flight Instrument System, when
interfaced with the Garmin GEA 24
(Engine Airframe Adapter) for display of
the fuel quantity, uses a 1K ohm resistor
inline between the GEA 24 and the
airplane fuel quantity resistance style
sending unit (float). This resistor
provides lightning protection to the fuel
tank as required by 14 CFR 23.954.
Use of the 1K resistor causes a GEA
error when the GEA 24 or resistor is
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subjected to significantly hotter or
colder temperatures than the
temperature at which the fuel gauges
were calibrated during installation. The
farther the actual (ambient) temperature
of the GEA 24 or resistor is from the
temperature of the fuel quantity
calibration, the larger the error. The
lower the operating resistance of the
fuel sending unit, the larger the error.
The largest errors occur in installations
with fuel sending units having an
operational range less than 100 ohms.
The Garmin GI 275 MFDs installed
under STC No. SA02658SE, when
interfaced with the Garmin GEA 24 for
display of the fuel quantity, is also
subject to this unsafe condition.
The displayed fuel quantity can have
an error as much as four gallons/fuel
tank with the display indicating four
gallons with an empty tank. In the
NPRM, the FAA proposed to require
modifying the resistive fuel probe
interface. The FAA is issuing this AD to
prevent fuel starvation and engine
shutdown, which could result in the
inability to arrive at the destination
airport or a suitable alternative airport.
Discussion of Final Airworthiness
Directive
Comments
The FAA received comments from
Garmin. The following presents the
comments received on the NPRM and
the FAA’s response to each comment.
Requests Regarding Background
Information
Garmin requested the FAA correct
certain information in the preamble. In
the NPRM, the FAA stated that use of
the 1K resistor causes a GEA error when
the resistor temperature changes.
According to Garmin, using the 1K
resistor causes a GEA error when the
GEA 24 temperature changes. Garmin
further noted that 1k resistors are
installed near the GEA 24 plug and are
exposed to the same ambient
temperatures.
The FAA agrees with correcting the
preamble and has changed this final
rule to clarify that a GEA error results
from the GEA 24 being subjected to
significantly hotter or colder
temperatures than the temperature at
which the fuel gauges were calibrated
during installation. The FAA disagrees
with the requested changes regarding
the location of the resistors. The
commenter’s request is not supported by
the information in the installation
manual, which does not require the
resistor to be installed near the GEA 24.
Garmin also requested that the FAA
remove the exact error amount (i.e., four
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Federal Register / Vol. 87, No. 30 / Monday, February 14, 2022 / Rules and Regulations
gallons) between the displayed fuel
quantity and the actual amount of fuel.
Garmin stated that due to variations in
different aircraft system configurations,
this amount could be misleading.
Removing the reference to 4 gallons
would minimize the potential
magnitude of the error and the need for
AD action. The FAA did not change this
AD based on this comment.
Garmin noted a typographical error in
that the NPRM referred to ‘‘MFDS’’
instead of ‘‘MFDs.’’
The FAA agrees and has corrected all
references to MFDs accordingly.
Request Regarding Unsafe Condition
Garmin requested that the FAA
change the description of the inevitable
consequence of the unsafe condition. In
the NPRM, the FAA stated the unsafe
condition, if not addressed, could result
in fuel starvation and engine shutdown
with consequent loss of airplane
control. Garmin stated that this
incorrectly implies that loss of airplane
control is the inevitable consequence of
fuel starvation and engine shutdown.
Garmin requested the FAA revise the
preamble to state that loss of airplane
control is one of many possible
outcomes.
The FAA agrees that loss of control is
not an inevitable result of fuel
starvation. In the context of this event,
the end level effect is the loss of
powered flight to the destination
airport. Accordingly, the FAA has
revised the background section of the
preamble and the unsafe condition
paragraph of the AD to reflect that fuel
starvation and engine shutdown could
result in the inability to arrive at the
destination airport or a suitable
alternative airport.
Request Regarding Applicability
Garmin requested the FAA revise the
AD to remove several airplane models
that are not subject to the unsafe
condition. Garmin listed these models
as follows: The Boeing Company Model
AT–6 (Navy SNJ–2), AT–6A (Navy SNJ–
3), AT–6B, AT–6C (Navy SNJ–4), AT–
6D (Navy SNJ–5), AT–6F (Navy SNJ–6),
BC- 1A, Navy SNJ–7, and T–6G; Cessna
Aircraft Company Model T–50 (Army
AT–17 and UC–78 series, Navy JRC–1);
Costruzioni Aeronautiche Tecnam
S.P.A. Model P2006T; Daher Aircraft
Design, LLC (type certificate previously
held by Quest Aircraft Design, LLC)
Model Kodiak 100; EADS–PZL
Warszawa-Oke˛cie S.A. Model PZL–104
Wilga 80; Helio Alaska, Inc. Model H–
800; Howard Aircraft Foundation Model
DGA–15J (Army UC–70B), DGA–15P
(Army UC–70, Navy GH–1, GH–2, GH–
3, NH–1), and DGA–15W; Textron
Aviation Inc. Model G17S; Thrush
Aircraft, LLC Model 600 S–2D, S2R,
S2R–R1340, S2R-Rl820, S2R–R3S, and
S2R–T34; and Waco Aircraft Company
Model YMF airplanes.
The FAA agrees and has revised the
list of applicable models accordingly.
Conclusion
The FAA reviewed the relevant data,
considered any comments received, and
determined that air safety requires
adopting this AD as proposed.
Accordingly, the FAA is issuing this AD
to address the unsafe condition on these
products. Except for the changes
described previously, this AD is
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adopted as proposed in the NPRM.
None of the changes will increase the
economic burden on any operator.
Related Service Information Under 1
CFR Part 51
The FAA reviewed Garmin
Mandatory STC Service Bulletin 2134,
Revision A, and Garmin Mandatory STC
Service Bulletin 2135, Revision A, both
dated April 23, 2021. This service
information specifies procedures for
modifying the GEA 24 resistive fuel
probe interface. These documents are
distinct since they apply to different
STCs. This service information is
reasonably available because the
interested parties have access to it
through their normal course of business
or by the means identified in the
ADDRESSES section.
Other Related Service Information
The FAA also reviewed Master
Drawing List (MDL) Document No. 005–
01320–00, Revision 10, for STC No.
SA01899WI; and MDL Drawing No.
005–01208–41, Revision 10, for STC No.
SA02658SE; both dated April 23, 2021.
This service information contains the
type design data for installation of the
STC. MDL Document No. 005–01320–
00, Revision 10, dated April 23, 2021,
introduces a new fuel quantity interface
and configuration to eliminate the
unsafe condition described previously.
Costs of Compliance
The FAA estimates that this AD
affects 920 airplanes of U.S. registry.
The FAA estimates the following
costs to comply with this AD:
ESTIMATED COSTS
Action
Labor cost
Modify fuel probe interface and recalibrate
the fuel system.
8 work-hours × $85 per hour = $680 .............
The FAA has included all known
costs in its cost estimate. According to
the manufacturer, however, some of the
costs of this AD may be covered under
warranty, thereby reducing the cost
impact on affected operators.
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Authority for This Rulemaking
Title 49 of the United States Code
specifies the FAA’s authority to issue
rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I,
section 106, describes the authority of
the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII:
Aviation Programs, describes in more
detail the scope of the Agency’s
authority.
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Parts cost
The FAA is issuing this rulemaking
under the authority described in
Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section
44701: General requirements. Under
that section, Congress charges the FAA
with promoting safe flight of civil
aircraft in air commerce by prescribing
regulations for practices, methods, and
procedures the Administrator finds
necessary for safety in air commerce.
This regulation is within the scope of
that authority because it addresses an
unsafe condition that is likely to exist or
develop on products identified in this
rulemaking action.
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Cost per
airplane
$10
$690
Cost on U.S.
operators
$634,800
Regulatory Findings
This AD will not have federalism
implications under Executive Order
13132. This AD will not have a
substantial direct effect on the States, on
the relationship between the national
government and the States, or on the
distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various
levels of government.
For the reasons discussed above, I
certify that this AD:
(1) Is not a ‘‘significant regulatory
action’’ under Executive Order 12866,
(2) Will not affect intrastate aviation
in Alaska, and
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(3) Will not have a significant
economic impact, positive or negative,
on a substantial number of small entities
under the criteria of the Regulatory
Flexibility Act.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39
Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation
safety, Incorporation by reference,
Safety.
§ 39.13
[Amended]
2. The FAA amends § 39.13 by adding
the following new airworthiness
directive:
■
2022–03–15 Various Airplanes:
Amendment 39–21932; Docket No.
FAA–2021–0715; Project Identifier AD–
2021–00259–A.
The Amendment
Accordingly, under the authority
delegated to me by the Administrator,
the FAA amends 14 CFR part 39 as
follows:
(a) Effective Date
This airworthiness directive (AD) is
effective March 21, 2022.
PART 39—AIRWORTHINESS
DIRECTIVES
(c) Applicability
This AD applies to all serial numbers of the
airplane models listed in table 1 to paragraph
(c), certificated in any category, that are
either:
1. The authority citation for part 39
continues to read as follows:
■
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Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.
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(b) Affected ADs
None.
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(1) Modified with a Garmin G3X Touch
Electronic Flight Instrument System under
Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) No.
SA01899WI, installed in accordance with
Master Drawing List (MDL) Document No.
005–01320–00, Revision 9 or earlier,
interfaced with a Garmin Engine Adapter
GEA 24 connected to resistive fuel probes; or
(2) Modified with a Garmin GI 275 MultiFunction Display under STC No. SA02658SE,
installed in accordance with MDL Revision 9
or earlier, interfaced with a Garmin Engine
Adapter GEA 24 connected to resistive fuel
probes.
Note 1 to paragraph (c): Garmin
Mandatory STC Service Bulletin No. 2134,
Revision A, and Garmin Mandatory STC
Service Bulletin No. 2135, Revision A, both
dated April 23, 2021, contain information for
how to determine if your airplane has a
resistive probe interface.
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
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BILLING CODE 4910–13–C
(d) Subject
Joint Aircraft System Component (JASC)
Code 2841, Fuel Quantity Indicator.
(e) Unsafe Condition
This AD was prompted by reports of fuel
quantity disparities between the amount of
fuel indicated and the actual amount of fuel.
The FAA is issuing this AD to ensure that the
amount of fuel indicated is the amount of
fuel available. The unsafe condition, if not
addressed, could result in fuel starvation and
engine shutdown which could result in the
inability to arrive at the destination airport or
a suitable alternative airport.
(f) Compliance
Comply with this AD within the
compliance times specified, unless already
done.
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(g) Action
Within 100 hours time-in-service after the
effective date of this AD or within 12 months
after the effective date of this AD, whichever
occurs first, modify the fuel probe interface
by following the Modification Instructions in
Garmin Mandatory STC Service Bulletin
2134, Revision A, or Garmin Mandatory STC
Service Bulletin 2135, Revision A, both dated
April 23, 2021, whichever is applicable.
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(h) Alternative Methods of Compliance
(AMOCs)
(1) The Manager, Wichita ACO Branch,
FAA, has the authority to approve AMOCs
for this AD, if requested using the procedures
found in 14 CFR 39.19. In accordance with
14 CFR 39.19, send your request to your
principal inspector or local Flight Standards
District Office, as appropriate. If sending
information directly to the manager of the
certification office, send it to the attention of
the person identified in paragraph (i) of this
AD.
(2) Before using any approved AMOC,
notify your appropriate principal inspector,
or lacking a principal inspector, the manager
of the local flight standards district office/
certificate holding district office.
(i) Related Information
For more information about this AD,
contact Kevin Marks, Aviation Safety
Engineer, Wichita ACO Branch, FAA, 1801
Airport Road, Wichita, KS 67209; phone:
(316) 946–4153; email: kevin.marks@faa.gov
or Wichita-COS@faa.gov.
(j) Material Incorporated by Reference
(1) The Director of the Federal Register
approved the incorporation by reference of
the service information listed in this
paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR
part 51.
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(2) You must use this service information
as applicable to do the actions required by
this AD, unless the AD specifies otherwise.
(i) Garmin Mandatory STC Service Bulletin
2134, Revision A, dated April 23, 2021.
(ii) Garmin Mandatory STC Service
Bulletin 2135, Revision A, dated April 23,
2021.
(3) For service information identified in
this AD, contact Garmin International,
Garmin Aviation Support, 1200 E 151st
Street, Olathe, KS 66062; phone: (866) 739–
5687; email: avionics@garmin.com; website:
https://fly.garmin.com/fly-garmin/support/.
(4) You may view this service information
at the FAA, Airworthiness Products Section,
Operational Safety Branch, 901 Locust,
Kansas City, MO 64106. For information on
the availability of this material at the FAA,
call (817) 222–5110.
(5) You may view this service information
that is incorporated by reference at the
National Archives and Records
Administration (NARA). For information on
the availability of this material at NARA,
email: fr.inspection@nara.gov, or go to:
https://www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/
ibr-locations.html.
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Issued on January 25, 2022.
Lance T. Gant,
Director, Compliance & Airworthiness
Division, Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2022–03000 Filed 2–11–22; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 39
[Docket No. FAA–2021–0667; Project
Identifier MCAI–2021–00580–T; Amendment
39–21931; AD 2022–03–14]
RIN 2120–AA64
Airworthiness Directives; Airbus SAS
Airplanes
Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final rule.
AGENCY:
The FAA is adopting a new
airworthiness directive (AD) for certain
Airbus SAS Model A350–941 and –1041
airplanes. This AD was prompted by a
report that during type certification
activity, it was identified that certain
monitoring software was incorrectly
implemented in the braking control
system (BCS) certification standard.
This AD requires installing (updating)
certain software for the braking and
steering system, as specified in a
European Union Aviation Safety Agency
(EASA) AD, which is incorporated by
reference. The FAA is issuing this AD
to address the unsafe condition on these
products.
DATES: This AD is effective March 21,
2022.
The Director of the Federal Register
approved the incorporation by reference
of a certain publication listed in this AD
as of March 21, 2022.
ADDRESSES: For material incorporated
by reference (IBR) in this AD, contact
EASA, Konrad-Adenauer-Ufer 3, 50668
Cologne, Germany; telephone +49 221
8999 000; email ADs@easa.europa.eu;
internet www.easa.europa.eu. You may
find this IBR material on the EASA
website at https://ad.easa.europa.eu.
You may view this material at the FAA,
Airworthiness Products Section,
Operational Safety Branch, 2200 South
216th St., Des Moines, WA. For
information on the availability of this
material at the FAA, call 206–231–3195.
It is also available in the AD docket at
https://www.regulations.gov by
searching for and locating Docket No.
FAA–2021–0667.
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SUMMARY:
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Examining the AD Docket
You may examine the AD docket at
https://www.regulations.gov by
searching for and locating Docket No.
FAA–2021–0667; or in person at Docket
Operations between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m.,
Monday through Friday, except Federal
holidays. The AD docket contains this
final rule, the mandatory continuing
airworthiness information (MCAI), any
comments received, and other
information. The address for Docket
Operations is U.S. Department of
Transportation, Docket Operations, M–
30, West Building Ground Floor, Room
W12–140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE,
Washington, DC 20590.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Dan
Rodina, Aerospace Engineer, Large
Aircraft Section, International
Validation Branch, FAA, 2200 South
216th St., Des Moines, WA 98198;
telephone and fax 206–231–3225; email
dan.rodina@faa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Background
EASA, which is the Technical Agent
for the Member States of the European
Union, has issued EASA AD 2021–0127,
dated May 12, 2021 (EASA AD 2021–
0127) (also referred to as the MCAI), to
correct an unsafe condition for certain
Airbus SAS Model A350–941 and –1041
airplanes.
The FAA issued a notice of proposed
rulemaking (NPRM) to amend 14 CFR
part 39 by adding an AD that would
apply to certain Airbus SAS Model
A350–941 and –1041 airplanes. The
NPRM published in the Federal
Register on August 18, 2021 (86 FR
46164). The NPRM was prompted by a
report that during type certification
activity, it was identified that certain
monitoring software was incorrectly
implemented in the BCS certification
standard. The NPRM proposed to
require installing (updating) certain
software for the braking and steering
system, as specified in EASA AD 2021–
0127.
The FAA is issuing this AD to address
in-service limitations related to the
braking and steering system, which,
under specific degraded conditions,
could lead to a reduction in braking
performance and potentially lead to a
runway excursion, and result in damage
to the airplane and injury to passengers.
See the MCAI for additional background
information.
Discussion of Final Airworthiness
Directive
Comments
The FAA received comments from
Delta Airlines (DAL) and the Air Line
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8167
Pilots Association, International
(ALPA). ALPA supported the NPRM
without change. The following presents
the DAL comments received on the
NPRM and the FAA’s response to each
comment.
Request To Revise the Costs of
Compliance Paragraph
DAL requested that the NPRM include
the labor hours associated with the
prerequisite service bulletins referenced
in Airbus Service Bulletin A350–32–
P037, dated July 30, 2019 (which is
referenced in EASA AD 2021–0127).
DAL stated that, depending on airplane
configuration, the actions in the four
prerequisite service bulletins may need
to be done before doing the actions
specified in referenced Airbus Service
Bulletin A350–32–P037, dated July 30,
2019.
The FAA acknowledges the
commenter’s request. If an operator
accomplishes prerequisite service
information specified in Airbus Service
Bulletin A350–32–P037, dated July 30,
2019 (which is referenced in EASA AD
2021–0127) there is an additional cost to
those prerequisite service information. It
is estimated that an operator may incur
an additional 15 work-hours and up to
an additional $1,275 in parts cost to
accomplish the prerequisite service
information. However, since
accomplishment of the prerequisite
service information may not be required
to accomplish the required actions of
this AD, these costs may not apply to all
operators. The FAA has added this
explanation to the Cost of Compliance
paragraph in this AD, but not the
additional costs for accomplishing the
prerequisite service information.
Request To Add a Certain AD to
Paragraph (b) of the Proposed AD
DAL requested that the FAA add AD
2017–18–18, Amendment 39–19027 (82
FR 42579, September 11, 2017) (AD
2017–18–18) to paragraph (b) of the
proposed AD (AD 2017–18–18 requires
repetitive on-ground power cycles to
reset the internal timer). DAL stated that
Airbus Service Bulletin A350–42–P010,
dated August 14, 2018, is a required
prerequisite for doing the actions in
Airbus Service Bulletin A350–32–P037,
dated July 30, 2019 (which is referenced
in EASA AD 2021–0127), and therefore,
is a requirement for doing the actions in
the proposed AD. DAL commented that
Airbus Service Bulletin A350–42–P010,
dated August 14, 2018, was approved
for use in alternative method of
compliance (AMOC) AIR–676–19–298,
dated July 22, 2019, for accomplishing
the requirements in paragraph (g) of AD
2017–18–18.
E:\FR\FM\14FER1.SGM
14FER1
]]>Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 87, Number 30 (Monday, February 14, 2022)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 8158-8167]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2022-03000]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 39
[Docket No. FAA-2021-0715; Project Identifier AD-2021-00259-A;
Amendment 39-21932; AD 2022-03-15]
RIN 2120-AA64
Airworthiness Directives; Various Airplanes
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The FAA is adopting a new airworthiness directive (AD) for
various airplanes modified with certain configurations of Garmin G3X
Touch Electronic Flight Instrument System installed per Supplemental
Type Certificate (STC) No. SA01899WI or Garmin GI 275 Multi-Function
Display (MFD) installed per STC No. SA02658SE. This AD was prompted by
a report of a fuel quantity disparity between the amount of fuel
indicated and the actual amount of fuel. This AD requires modifying the
resistive fuel probe interface. The FAA is issuing this AD to address
the unsafe condition on these products.
DATES: This AD is effective March 21, 2022.
The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by
reference of certain publications listed in this AD as of March 21,
2022.
ADDRESSES: For service information identified in this final rule,
contact Garmin International, Garmin Aviation Support, 1200 E 151st
Street, Olathe, KS 66062; phone: (866) 739-5687; email:
[email protected]; website: https://fly.garmin.com/fly-garmin/support/. You may view this service information at the FAA,
Airworthiness Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 901 Locust,
Kansas City, MO 64106. For information on the availability of this
material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110. It is also available at
https://www.regulations.gov by searching for and locating Docket No.
FAA-2021-0715.
Examining the AD Docket
You may examine the AD docket at https://www.regulations.gov by
searching for and locating Docket No. FAA-2021-0715; or in person at
Docket Operations between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday,
except Federal holidays. The AD docket contains this final rule, any
comments received, and other information. The address for Docket
Operations is U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, M-
30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue
SE, Washington, DC 20590.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kevin Marks, Aviation Safety Engineer,
Wichita ACO Branch, FAA, 1801 Airport Road, Wichita, KS 67209; phone:
(316) 946-4153; email: [email protected] or [email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Background
The FAA issued a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to amend 14
CFR part 39 by adding an AD that would apply to various airplanes
modified with certain configurations of Garmin G3X Touch Electronic
Flight Instrument System installed per STC No. SA01899WI or Garmin GI
275 MFD installed per STC No. SA02658SE. The NPRM published in the
Federal Register on August 27, 2021 (86 FR 48070). The NPRM was
prompted by notification of a Piper production line issue with the
installation of a Garmin G3X Touch Electronic Flight Instrument System
installed under STC No. SA01899WI. After calibration and fueling the
airplane to a known level, the flight crew noted that the fuel quantity
indicator displayed a higher level of fuel.
The Garmin G3X Touch Electronic Flight Instrument System, when
interfaced with the Garmin GEA 24 (Engine Airframe Adapter) for display
of the fuel quantity, uses a 1K ohm resistor inline between the GEA 24
and the airplane fuel quantity resistance style sending unit (float).
This resistor provides lightning protection to the fuel tank as
required by 14 CFR 23.954.
Use of the 1K resistor causes a GEA error when the GEA 24 or
resistor is subjected to significantly hotter or colder temperatures
than the temperature at which the fuel gauges were calibrated during
installation. The farther the actual (ambient) temperature of the GEA
24 or resistor is from the temperature of the fuel quantity
calibration, the larger the error. The lower the operating resistance
of the fuel sending unit, the larger the error. The largest errors
occur in installations with fuel sending units having an operational
range less than 100 ohms. The Garmin GI 275 MFDs installed under STC
No. SA02658SE, when interfaced with the Garmin GEA 24 for display of
the fuel quantity, is also subject to this unsafe condition.
The displayed fuel quantity can have an error as much as four
gallons/fuel tank with the display indicating four gallons with an
empty tank. In the NPRM, the FAA proposed to require modifying the
resistive fuel probe interface. The FAA is issuing this AD to prevent
fuel starvation and engine shutdown, which could result in the
inability to arrive at the destination airport or a suitable
alternative airport.
Discussion of Final Airworthiness Directive
Comments
The FAA received comments from Garmin. The following presents the
comments received on the NPRM and the FAA's response to each comment.
Requests Regarding Background Information
Garmin requested the FAA correct certain information in the
preamble. In the NPRM, the FAA stated that use of the 1K resistor
causes a GEA error when the resistor temperature changes. According to
Garmin, using the 1K resistor causes a GEA error when the GEA 24
temperature changes. Garmin further noted that 1k resistors are
installed near the GEA 24 plug and are exposed to the same ambient
temperatures.
The FAA agrees with correcting the preamble and has changed this
final rule to clarify that a GEA error results from the GEA 24 being
subjected to significantly hotter or colder temperatures than the
temperature at which the fuel gauges were calibrated during
installation. The FAA disagrees with the requested changes regarding
the location of the resistors. The commenter's request is not supported
by the information in the installation manual, which does not require
the resistor to be installed near the GEA 24.
Garmin also requested that the FAA remove the exact error amount
(i.e., four
[[Page 8159]]
gallons) between the displayed fuel quantity and the actual amount of
fuel. Garmin stated that due to variations in different aircraft system
configurations, this amount could be misleading.
Removing the reference to 4 gallons would minimize the potential
magnitude of the error and the need for AD action. The FAA did not
change this AD based on this comment.
Garmin noted a typographical error in that the NPRM referred to
``MFDS'' instead of ``MFDs.''
The FAA agrees and has corrected all references to MFDs
accordingly.
Request Regarding Unsafe Condition
Garmin requested that the FAA change the description of the
inevitable consequence of the unsafe condition. In the NPRM, the FAA
stated the unsafe condition, if not addressed, could result in fuel
starvation and engine shutdown with consequent loss of airplane
control. Garmin stated that this incorrectly implies that loss of
airplane control is the inevitable consequence of fuel starvation and
engine shutdown. Garmin requested the FAA revise the preamble to state
that loss of airplane control is one of many possible outcomes.
The FAA agrees that loss of control is not an inevitable result of
fuel starvation. In the context of this event, the end level effect is
the loss of powered flight to the destination airport. Accordingly, the
FAA has revised the background section of the preamble and the unsafe
condition paragraph of the AD to reflect that fuel starvation and
engine shutdown could result in the inability to arrive at the
destination airport or a suitable alternative airport.
Request Regarding Applicability
Garmin requested the FAA revise the AD to remove several airplane
models that are not subject to the unsafe condition. Garmin listed
these models as follows: The Boeing Company Model AT-6 (Navy SNJ-2),
AT-6A (Navy SNJ-3), AT-6B, AT-6C (Navy SNJ-4), AT-6D (Navy SNJ-5), AT-
6F (Navy SNJ-6), BC- 1A, Navy SNJ-7, and T-6G; Cessna Aircraft Company
Model T-50 (Army AT-17 and UC-78 series, Navy JRC-1); Costruzioni
Aeronautiche Tecnam S.P.A. Model P2006T; Daher Aircraft Design, LLC
(type certificate previously held by Quest Aircraft Design, LLC) Model
Kodiak 100; EADS-PZL Warszawa-Ok[eogon]cie S.A. Model PZL-104 Wilga 80;
Helio Alaska, Inc. Model H-800; Howard Aircraft Foundation Model DGA-
15J (Army UC-70B), DGA-15P (Army UC-70, Navy GH-1, GH-2, GH-3, NH-1),
and DGA-15W; Textron Aviation Inc. Model G17S; Thrush Aircraft, LLC
Model 600 S-2D, S2R, S2R-R1340, S2R-Rl820, S2R-R3S, and S2R-T34; and
Waco Aircraft Company Model YMF airplanes.
The FAA agrees and has revised the list of applicable models
accordingly.
Conclusion
The FAA reviewed the relevant data, considered any comments
received, and determined that air safety requires adopting this AD as
proposed. Accordingly, the FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe
condition on these products. Except for the changes described
previously, this AD is adopted as proposed in the NPRM. None of the
changes will increase the economic burden on any operator.
Related Service Information Under 1 CFR Part 51
The FAA reviewed Garmin Mandatory STC Service Bulletin 2134,
Revision A, and Garmin Mandatory STC Service Bulletin 2135, Revision A,
both dated April 23, 2021. This service information specifies
procedures for modifying the GEA 24 resistive fuel probe interface.
These documents are distinct since they apply to different STCs. This
service information is reasonably available because the interested
parties have access to it through their normal course of business or by
the means identified in the ADDRESSES section.
Other Related Service Information
The FAA also reviewed Master Drawing List (MDL) Document No. 005-
01320-00, Revision 10, for STC No. SA01899WI; and MDL Drawing No. 005-
01208-41, Revision 10, for STC No. SA02658SE; both dated April 23,
2021. This service information contains the type design data for
installation of the STC. MDL Document No. 005-01320-00, Revision 10,
dated April 23, 2021, introduces a new fuel quantity interface and
configuration to eliminate the unsafe condition described previously.
Costs of Compliance
The FAA estimates that this AD affects 920 airplanes of U.S.
registry.
The FAA estimates the following costs to comply with this AD:
Estimated Costs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cost per Cost on U.S.
Action Labor cost Parts cost airplane operators
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Modify fuel probe interface and 8 work-hours x $85 per $10 $690 $634,800
recalibrate the fuel system. hour = $680.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The FAA has included all known costs in its cost estimate.
According to the manufacturer, however, some of the costs of this AD
may be covered under warranty, thereby reducing the cost impact on
affected operators.
Authority for This Rulemaking
Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to
issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, section 106, describes the
authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII: Aviation Programs,
describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority.
The FAA is issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in
Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701: General requirements.
Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight
of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing regulations for
practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary
for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within the scope of that
authority because it addresses an unsafe condition that is likely to
exist or develop on products identified in this rulemaking action.
Regulatory Findings
This AD will not have federalism implications under Executive Order
13132. This AD will not have a substantial direct effect on the States,
on the relationship between the national government and the States, or
on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various
levels of government.
For the reasons discussed above, I certify that this AD:
(1) Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive
Order 12866,
(2) Will not affect intrastate aviation in Alaska, and
[[Page 8160]]
(3) Will not have a significant economic impact, positive or
negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria
of the Regulatory Flexibility Act.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39
Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by
reference, Safety.
The Amendment
Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the FAA amends 14 CFR part 39 as follows:
PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES
0
1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.
Sec. 39.13 [Amended]
0
2. The FAA amends Sec. 39.13 by adding the following new airworthiness
directive:
2022-03-15 Various Airplanes: Amendment 39-21932; Docket No. FAA-
2021-0715; Project Identifier AD-2021-00259-A.
(a) Effective Date
This airworthiness directive (AD) is effective March 21, 2022.
(b) Affected ADs
None.
(c) Applicability
This AD applies to all serial numbers of the airplane models
listed in table 1 to paragraph (c), certificated in any category,
that are either:
(1) Modified with a Garmin G3X Touch Electronic Flight
Instrument System under Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) No.
SA01899WI, installed in accordance with Master Drawing List (MDL)
Document No. 005-01320-00, Revision 9 or earlier, interfaced with a
Garmin Engine Adapter GEA 24 connected to resistive fuel probes; or
(2) Modified with a Garmin GI 275 Multi-Function Display under
STC No. SA02658SE, installed in accordance with MDL Revision 9 or
earlier, interfaced with a Garmin Engine Adapter GEA 24 connected to
resistive fuel probes.
Note 1 to paragraph (c): Garmin Mandatory STC Service Bulletin
No. 2134, Revision A, and Garmin Mandatory STC Service Bulletin No.
2135, Revision A, both dated April 23, 2021, contain information for
how to determine if your airplane has a resistive probe interface.
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(d) Subject
Joint Aircraft System Component (JASC) Code 2841, Fuel Quantity
Indicator.
(e) Unsafe Condition
This AD was prompted by reports of fuel quantity disparities
between the amount of fuel indicated and the actual amount of fuel.
The FAA is issuing this AD to ensure that the amount of fuel
indicated is the amount of fuel available. The unsafe condition, if
not addressed, could result in fuel starvation and engine shutdown
which could result in the inability to arrive at the destination
airport or a suitable alternative airport.
(f) Compliance
Comply with this AD within the compliance times specified,
unless already done.
(g) Action
Within 100 hours time-in-service after the effective date of
this AD or within 12 months after the effective date of this AD,
whichever occurs first, modify the fuel probe interface by following
the Modification Instructions in Garmin Mandatory STC Service
Bulletin 2134, Revision A, or Garmin Mandatory STC Service Bulletin
2135, Revision A, both dated April 23, 2021, whichever is
applicable.
(h) Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs)
(1) The Manager, Wichita ACO Branch, FAA, has the authority to
approve AMOCs for this AD, if requested using the procedures found
in 14 CFR 39.19. In accordance with 14 CFR 39.19, send your request
to your principal inspector or local Flight Standards District
Office, as appropriate. If sending information directly to the
manager of the certification office, send it to the attention of the
person identified in paragraph (i) of this AD.
(2) Before using any approved AMOC, notify your appropriate
principal inspector, or lacking a principal inspector, the manager
of the local flight standards district office/certificate holding
district office.
(i) Related Information
For more information about this AD, contact Kevin Marks,
Aviation Safety Engineer, Wichita ACO Branch, FAA, 1801 Airport
Road, Wichita, KS 67209; phone: (316) 946-4153; email:
[email protected] or [email protected].
(j) Material Incorporated by Reference
(1) The Director of the Federal Register approved the
incorporation by reference of the service information listed in this
paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51.
(2) You must use this service information as applicable to do
the actions required by this AD, unless the AD specifies otherwise.
(i) Garmin Mandatory STC Service Bulletin 2134, Revision A,
dated April 23, 2021.
(ii) Garmin Mandatory STC Service Bulletin 2135, Revision A,
dated April 23, 2021.
(3) For service information identified in this AD, contact
Garmin International, Garmin Aviation Support, 1200 E 151st Street,
Olathe, KS 66062; phone: (866) 739-5687; email: [email protected];
website: https://fly.garmin.com/fly-garmin/support/.
(4) You may view this service information at the FAA,
Airworthiness Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 901
Locust, Kansas City, MO 64106. For information on the availability
of this material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110.
(5) You may view this service information that is incorporated
by reference at the National Archives and Records Administration
(NARA). For information on the availability of this material at
NARA, email: [email protected], or go to: https://www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html.
[[Page 8167]]
Issued on January 25, 2022.
Lance T. Gant,
Director, Compliance & Airworthiness Division, Aircraft Certification
Service.
[FR Doc. 2022-03000 Filed 2-11-22; 8:45 am]
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