Federal Government Participation in the Automated Clearing House, 46631-46636 [2021-17268]

Agencies

• Fiscal Service
• DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY

[Federal Register Volume 86, Number 158 (Thursday, August 19, 2021)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 46631-46636]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2021-17268]


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DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY

Fiscal Service

31 CFR Part 210

RIN 1530-AA26


Federal Government Participation in the Automated Clearing House

AGENCY: Fiscal Service, Bureau of the Fiscal Service, Treasury.

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking with request for comment.

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SUMMARY: The Department of the Treasury, Bureau of the Fiscal Service 
(Fiscal Service) is proposing to amend its regulation governing the use 
of the Automated Clearing House (ACH) Network by Federal agencies. Our 
regulation adopts, with some exceptions, the Operating Rules Operating 
Guidelines (Operating Rules & Guidelines) developed by Nacha as the 
rules governing the use of the ACH Network by Federal agencies. We are 
issuing this proposed rule to address changes that Nacha has made since 
the publication of the 2019 Operating Rules & Guidelines. These changes 
include amendments set forth in the 2020 and 2021 Operating Rules & 
Guidelines, including supplements thereto, issued on or before March 
31, 2021.

DATES: Comments on the proposed rule must be received by October 18, 
2021.

ADDRESSES: Comments on this rule, identified by docket FISCAL-2021-
0002, should only be submitted using the following methods:
     Federal eRulemaking Portal: www.regulations.gov. Follow 
the instructions on the website for submitting comments.
     Mail: Ian Macoy, Bureau of the Fiscal Service, 3201 Pennsy 
Drive, Building E, Landover, MD 20785.
    The fax and email methods of submitting comments on rules to Fiscal 
Service have been decommissioned.
    Instructions: All submissions received must include the agency name 
(Bureau of the Fiscal Service) and docket number FISCAL-2021-0002 for 
this rulemaking. In general, comments received will be published on 
Regulations.gov without change, including any business or personal 
information provided. Comments received, including attachments and 
other supporting materials, are part of the public record and subject 
to public disclosure. Do not disclose any information in your comment 
or supporting materials that you consider confidential or inappropriate 
for public disclosure. You can download this proposed rule at the 
following website: https://www.fiscal.treasury.gov/ach/.
    In accordance with the U.S. government's eRulemaking Initiative, 
Fiscal Service publishes rulemaking information on www.regulations.gov. 
Regulations.gov offers the public the ability to comment on, search, 
and view publicly available rulemaking materials, including comments 
received on rules.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ian Macoy, Director of Settlement 
Services, at (202) 874-6835 or [email protected]; or Frank 
J. Supik, Senior Counsel, at [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

[[Page 46632]]

I. Background

    Title 31 CFR part 210 (Part 210) governs the use of the ACH Network 
by Federal agencies. The ACH Network is a nationwide electronic fund 
transfer system that provides for the inter-bank clearing of electronic 
credit and debit transactions and for the exchange of payment-related 
information among participating financial institutions.
    The ACH Network facilitates payment transactions between several 
participants. These participants include the:
     Originator: A company or individual that agrees to 
initiate an ACH entry according to an arrangement with a Receiver.
     Originating Depository Financial Institution (ODFI): An 
institution that receives the payment instruction from the Originator 
and forwards the ACH entry to the ACH Operator.
     ACH Operator: A central clearing facility that receives 
entries from ODFIs, distributes the entries to appropriate Receiving 
Depository Financial Institutions, and performs settlement functions 
for the financial institutions.
     Receiving Depository Financial Institution (RDFI): An 
institution that receives entries from the ACH Operator and posts them 
to the account of its depositors (Receivers).
     Receiver: An organization or consumer that has authorized 
an Originator to initiate an ACH entry to the Receiver's account with 
the RDFI.
     Third-Party Service Provider: An entity other than the 
Originator, ODFI, or RDFI that performs any functions on behalf of the 
Originator, ODFI, or RDFI in connection with processing ACH entries. 
These functions may include, for example, creating ACH files on behalf 
of an Originator or ODFI, or acting as a sending point or receiving 
point on behalf of an ODFI or RDFI.
    Rights and obligations among participants in the ACH Network are 
governed by Nacha's Operating Rules & Guidelines. The Operating Rules & 
Guidelines establish standards for sending and receiving ACH entries, 
provide specifications for the electronic transmission of transaction 
information, set forth the rights and obligations of the entities 
listed above when transmitting, receiving or returning ACH entries, and 
cover other related matters. The Operating Rules & Guidelines also 
provide guidance regarding best practices to ACH Network participants. 
There is an industry consensus that the Operating Rules & Guidelines 
provide a uniform set of standards for ACH transactions and that these 
standards enable efficient transaction processing.
    Part 210 incorporates the Operating Rules & Guidelines by 
reference, with certain exceptions. From time to time, the Fiscal 
Service amends Part 210 to address changes that Nacha periodically 
makes to the Operating Rules & Guidelines or to revise the regulation 
as otherwise appropriate. Given their coverage across the payment 
system and to ensure consistent application to all ACH Network 
participants, the Federal Government generally adopts changes to the 
Operating Rules & Guidelines unless the changes address enforcement and 
compliance of the Operating Rules & Guidelines, would adversely impact 
government operations, or are irrelevant to Federal agency 
participation in the ACH Network.
    Currently, Part 210 incorporates the 2019 Operating Rules & 
Guidelines, subject to certain exceptions. Nacha has adopted several 
changes since the publication of the 2019 Operating Rules & Guidelines, 
as reflected in the 2021 Operating Rules & Guidelines and supplements 
thereto.\1\ We are proposing to incorporate in Part 210 most, but not 
all, of these changes.
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    \1\ The 2021 Operating Rules & Guidelines also incorporates 
changes that Nacha previously adopted and incorporated into the 2020 
Operating Rules & Guidelines. This Notice of Proposed Rulemaking 
also highlights applicable changes to the Operating Rules & 
Guidelines that were incorporated into the 2020 Operating Rules & 
Guidelines.
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    We are requesting public comment on all the proposed amendments to 
Part 210.

II. Summary of Proposed Rule Changes

    Since the publication of the 2019 Operating Rules & Guidelines, 
Nacha published two versions of the Operating Rules & Guidelines, the 
2020 Operating Rules & Guidelines and the 2021 Operating Rules & 
Guidelines. Below, we outline the major changes that were published in 
these updates.

A. 2020 Operating Rules & Guidelines Changes

    The 2020 Operating Rules & Guidelines proposed several changes to 
the Operating Rules and Guidelines. These changes included raising the 
Same Day ACH dollar limit, differentiating the codes associated with 
certain return transactions, modifying data security requirements, 
clarifying fraud detection standards for WEB Debit transactions, and 
adding a new Same Day ACH processing window.
Same Day ACH Dollar Limit Increase
    On March 31, 2021, Nacha approved a rule change to update the Same 
Day ACH per-transaction dollar limit from $100,000 to $1,000,000. At 
implementation, both Same Day ACH credits and Same Day ACH debits will 
be eligible for Same Day ACH processing up to $1,000,000 per 
transaction. Nacha's rule will become effective on March 18, 2022 for 
all non-Federal Government ACH Network participants.
    We propose to adopt this rule, effective March 18, 2022. Acceptance 
of this rule will enable individuals and entities to make Same-Day ACH 
payments of up to $1,000,000 to the government and will enable Federal 
payments in the same amount. Failure to adopt this rule at the same 
time as other ACH Network participants may prevent clearance and 
processing of certain high-value transactions. For example, a taxpayer 
would be unable to make a tax payment exceeding $100,000 to the Federal 
Government via Same-Day ACH, even though it could initiate a similarly-
sized Same-Day ACH payment to a private party. The failed transaction 
and resulting confusion could negatively impact both the taxpayer and 
the Federal Government.
Differentiating Unauthorized Return Codes
    The 2020 Operating Rules & Guidelines changed the usage of certain 
Nacha ``Return Reason Codes,'' which afforded financial institutions 
more insight into the reason why a transaction was returned.
    Under the prior rules, Nacha used one Return Reason Code (the R10 
code) as a catch-all to identify transactions that were returned for 
several underlying return reasons, including some for which a valid 
authorization existed. Under the revised Rule, Nacha re-purposed 
another Return Reason Code (the R11 code) to allow ACH network 
participants to more readily identify ACH transactions that are being 
returned due to an error, even though an authorization exists for the 
transaction (e.g., if the authorization is for a different amount and/
or date). The newly re-purposed code is used only to identify the 
return of a debit transaction in which there is an error, but for which 
there is an authorization.\2\
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    \2\ The 2021 Operating Rules & Guidelines implements a second 
phase of this rule. This second phase is discussed below.
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    The Operating Rules & Guidelines will treat returned transactions 
using either code (R10 and R11) as unauthorized. However, an Originator 
will be permitted to correct the underlying error in an R11 return (if 
possible). Subject to certain other requirements, the Originator may be

[[Page 46633]]

able to resubmit the underlying ACH transaction without obtaining a new 
authorization.\3\
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    \3\ Some transaction errors, such as errors due to the failure 
to provide certain notices or the failure to use an acceptable 
``source document,'' cannot be corrected. In those cases, the 
Originator will be required to submit a new ACH entry.
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    We propose to adopt this change. Doing so will allow the Fiscal 
Service to remain consistent with industry practice, allowing for 
consistent operation across the ACH network. Moreover, using the R11 
return code will provide greater insight into the reasons for the 
return of certain transactions.
Supplemental Fraud Detection Standards for WEB Debits
    The Fiscal Service previously adopted Nacha's updated fraud 
detection standards for WEB debit transactions.\4\ Fiscal Service 
adopted this change with a delayed effective date of March 22, 2022.\5\ 
The updated rule clarifies that Nacha requirements for a ``commercially 
reasonable fraudulent transaction detection system'' include the use of 
account validation services for WEB debit transactions. We propose to 
adopt the updated rule, which is non-controversial.
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    \4\ See 85 FR 15,715 (Mar. 19, 2020).
    \5\ Id.
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B. 2021 Operating Rules & Guidelines Changes

    The 2021 Operating Rules & Guidelines implement several additional 
changes beyond those in the 2020 Operating Rules & Guidelines. These 
changes include, but are not limited to, clarifying certain portions of 
the enforcement provisions of the Operating Rules & Guidelines, 
implementing a new Same Day ACH processing window, implementing a 
second phase of Nacha's return code rule, establishing a time limit on 
certain warranty claims, and implementing Nacha's contact registry.

Enforcement

    The 2021 Operating Rules & Guidelines defines an egregious 
violation within the context of rules enforcement.
    We are proposing to not adopt this amendment. Under 31 CFR 
210.2(d), the enforcement provisions of the Operating Rules & 
Guidelines are inapplicable to Federal agencies.

Differentiating Unauthorized Return Reasons

    As discussed above, Nacha repurposed the R11 Return Reason code to 
further differentiate between certain returned debit ACH transactions. 
The 2021 Operating Rules & Guidelines implements a second phase of this 
rule change, which will apply Nacha's existing Unauthorized Entry Fee 
to ACH debit entries that are returned with the newly repurposed code. 
As noted above, these transactions are associated with an authorization 
of a debit transaction when there is an error or defect in the payment 
such that the entry does not conform to the terms of the authorization.
    The Fiscal Service proposes to adopt this rule change. Adoption of 
this change maintains consistency with other ACH Network participants 
and creates additional incentives them to minimize the amount of 
unauthorized (or incorrectly authorized) ACH transactions.
Limitation on Warranty Claims
    Nacha's 2021 Operating Rules & Guidelines impose time limits on an 
RDFI's ability to make a claim against an ODFI's authorization 
warranty.
    The Operating Rules & Guidelines require an ODFI to warrant that an 
ACH entry has been properly authorized by the Receiver. Under the prior 
rules, there was no time limit on the ODFI's warranties. Instead, these 
limits were determined by state statutes of limitations, which may 
vary.
    The change sets forth different time periods, depending upon 
whether the transaction affects consumer and non-consumer accounts. 
This rule allows an RDFI to make a claim for one year from the 
settlement date of an entry to a non-consumer account. In the case of 
an entry to a consumer account, the RDFI may make a claim for two years 
from the entry's Settlement Date. In addition, the RDFI can make a 
claim for entries settling within 95 calendar days from the Settlement 
Date of the first unauthorized debit to a consumer account.
    The Fiscal Service proposes to adopt this rule change. Adoption 
will reduce the number of claims for older transactions, although 
liability in some instances may be shifted to the Federal Government. 
On balance, the Federal Government may benefit from uniform time limits 
that allow the opportunity to assert warranty claims when applicable, 
while also establishing firm time limits for asserting and defending 
claims.
Supplementing Data Security Requirements
    Nacha previously expanded its Data Security Requirements rule, 
which the Fiscal Service adopted,\6\ but in the 2021 Operating Rules & 
Guidelines Nacha updated the effective date of part of this rule to be 
June 30, 2022. The rule expanded the existing ACH Security Framework to 
explicitly require large, non-financial institution Originators, Third-
Party Service Providers, and Third-Party Senders to protect account 
numbers used in the initiation of ACH entries by rendering them 
unreadable when stored electronically.
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    \6\ See 85 FR 15,715 (Mar. 19, 2020).
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    The Fiscal Service proposes to adopt the new effective date. The 
Fiscal Service continues to support the expansion of existing security 
requirements to require large non-financial institution Originators to 
protect account numbers used to initiate ACH transactions by rendering 
them unreadable while stored electronically.
ACH Contact Registry
    In April 2019, Nacha approved a rule creating an ACH contact 
registry. Under this rule, all ACH financial institutions are required 
to register contact information for their ACH operations and fraud and/
or risk management areas. Financial institutions may voluntarily 
register contacts for additional personnel or departments at their 
discretion. The contact information is available to other registered 
ACH participating financial institutions, Payments Associations, ACH 
Operators, and Nacha to use in the event of ACH-related system outages, 
erroneous payments, duplicates, reversals, fraudulent payments and any 
other use within scope, such as identifying the proper contact for 
letters of indemnity. The contact information includes Routing and 
Transit Numbers (RTNs).
    Nacha is implementing the ACH Contact Registry rule in two phases. 
Phase 1 became effective on July 1, 2020, the date on which the 
registration portal was opened for ``Participating Depository Financial 
Institutions'' to begin to submit and query contact information. Under 
Phase 2, Nacha's enforcement authority for the Rule becomes effective.
    We are proposing to not adopt this amendment. Although, 
participation in the registry can be expected to provide some benefits 
to the industry, all Federal Government RTNs are controlled by Treasury 
through the Fiscal Service. Fiscal Service prohibits debit origination 
to all Treasury-controlled ACH RTNs. To mitigate the risk of 
inappropriate use of any Treasury RTNs, Treasury prohibits their 
publication. Joining the registry will unnecessarily expose Treasury 
RTNs to parties without a need to know that information. Moreover, 
under 31 CFR

[[Page 46634]]

210.2(d), the enforcement provisions of the Operating Rules & 
Guidelines are inapplicable to Federal agencies.
Reversals
    The 2021 Operating Rules & Guidelines also clarify the proper 
circumstances under which an ACH entry may be reversed. Currently, the 
Operating Rules & Guidelines define a limited number of permissible 
reasons for reversing entries; however, they do not explicitly address 
improper uses of reversals. The amendments to the Operating Rules & 
Guidelines will specifically state that the initiation of reversing 
entries or files for any reason other than those explicitly permissible 
under the Operating Rules & Guidelines is prohibited and define non-
exclusive examples of circumstances in which the origination of 
Reversals is improper.
    The reversals rule will also establish additional formatting 
requirements for reversals; limit the ability to modify the contents of 
other fields in a reversing entry to allow changes only to the extent 
necessary to facilitate proper processing of the reversal; explicitly 
permit an RDFI to return an improper reversal; and expand the 
permissible reasons for a Reversing Entry to include an error in the 
effective entry date.
    The Fiscal Service proposes to adopt this rule. The rule will 
clarify the circumstances under which entries can be reversed and 
assist in the efficient processing of ACH transactions involving the 
Federal Government.
Meaningful Modernization
    The 2021 Operating Rules & Guidelines also contain five amendments 
that Nacha characterizes as ``Meaningful Modernization.'' These five 
amendments are designed to improve and simplify the ACH user experience 
by facilitating the adoption of new technologies and channels for the 
authorization and initiation of ACH payments; reducing barriers to use 
of the ACH Network; providing clarity and increasing consistency around 
certain ACH authorization processes; and reducing certain 
administrative burdens related to ACH authorizations.
    Specifically, the five rules will:
     Explicitly define the use of standing authorizations for 
consumer ACH debits;
     Define and allow for oral authorization of consumer ACH 
debits beyond telephone calls;
     Clarify and provide greater consistency of ACH 
authorization standards across payment initiation channels;
     Reduce the administrative burden of providing proof of 
authorization; and
     Better facilitate the use of electronic and oral Written 
Statements of Unauthorized Debit.
Standing Authorizations
    The current authorization framework for consumer ACH debits 
encompasses recurring and single payments. Recurring payments occur at 
regular intervals, with no additional action required by the consumer 
to initiate the payment and are for the same or a similar amount. A 
single entry is a one-time payment and can be between parties that have 
no previous relationship. ACH Originators that have, or want to use, a 
different model for ongoing commerce do not have specific rules for 
payments that are a hybrid, falling somewhere in between recurring and 
single entries.
    This rule change will define a Standing Authorization as an advance 
authorization by a consumer of future debits at various intervals. The 
consumer would initiate the future debits by additional actions, which 
differs from the requirements for recurring ACH transactions. The rule 
will allow the use of different Standard Entry Class codes. By allowing 
standing authorizations, Nacha proposes to fill the gap between single 
and recurring payments and enable businesses and consumers to make more 
flexible payment arrangements for relationships that are ongoing in 
nature.
    The Fiscal Service proposes adoption of the amendment. The Fiscal 
Service believes that the Standing Authorization rule may increase 
options for initiating ACH transactions with the Federal Government. 
Although the Federal Government is not required to engage in Standard 
Authorizations, adoption of this rule would allow agencies to adopt new 
payment processes that better fit their needs, and the need of their 
customers.
Oral Authorizations
    The current authorization language in the Operating Rules & 
Guidelines does not provide for oral authorizations of an ACH payment 
outside of a telephone call. Only the Telephone-Initiated Entry (TEL) 
Standard Entry Class Code has requirements to address the risks 
specific to an oral authorization.
    The Oral Authorizations rule will define and allow Oral 
Authorizations as a valid authorization method for consumer debits 
distinct from a telephone call. Nacha asserts that enabling the broader 
use of Oral Authorizations will allow businesses to adopt ACH payments 
in transactional settings that make use of verbal interactions and 
voice-related technologies.
    Under the rule, any oral authorization obtained via any channel 
will need to meet the requirement of an ``oral authorization.'' An oral 
authorization obtained over the internet that is not a telephone call 
also will need to meet the risk and security requirements that 
currently apply to internet-Initiated/Mobile (VEB) ACH entries. The 
rule will allow for standing authorizations to be obtained orally. In 
addition, the rule will allow for subsequent entries initiated under a 
standing authorization to be initiated through voice commands, 
instructions, or affirmations.
    The Fiscal Service proposes adoption of the amendment. The Fiscal 
Service believes that the Oral Authorization rule may increase options 
for initiating efficient ACH transactions with the Federal Government.
Other Authorization Issues
    The 2021 Operating Rules & Guidelines also include rules changes 
grouped as Other Authorization Issues, which cover other modifications 
and re-organizations of the general authorization rules for clarity, 
flexibility, and consistency.
    The rule will re-organize the general authorization rules to better 
incorporate Standing Authorizations, Oral Authorizations, and other 
changes. In addition, the amended rule will explicitly state that 
authorization of any credit entry to a consumer account and any entry 
to a non-consumer account can be by any method allowed by law or 
regulation. Only consumer debit authorizations require a writing that 
is signed or similarly authenticated. The amended rule also will 
require all authorizations to meet the standards of ``readily 
identifiable'' and ``clear and readily understandable terms,'' which 
aim to reduce the incidence of erroneous transactions. Finally, the 
rule will apply the ``minimum data element'' standards that currently 
are only stated in the rules for Telephone-Initiated Entries to all 
consumer debit authorizations.
    The Fiscal Service proposes adoption of the amendments. The Fiscal 
Service believes that these rule amendments will benefit the Federal 
Government and those who participate in ACH transactions with it. By 
adopting these amendments, the Federal Government will remain current 
with standard industry practice and benefit from the increased 
flexibility afforded by the authorization rules.

[[Page 46635]]

Alternative to Proof of Authorization
    The 2021 Operating Rules & Guidelines also give an ACH Originator 
and Originator the option of accepting a return of a transaction in 
lieu of providing a copy of an authorization. Under the current Rules, 
if an RDFI requests proof of authorization of a transaction, an 
Originator is required to provide proof of authorization to its ODFI in 
such time that the ODFI can respond to the RDFI's request within ten 
banking days. Nacha reports that some ODFIs and Originators would 
prefer to agree to accept the return of the debit rather than expend 
the time and resources necessary to provide proof of authorization.
    Nacha believes that the ``Alternative to Proof of Authorization'' 
rule will reduce an administrative burden on ODFIs and their 
Originators for providing proof of authorization in every instance in 
which it is requested by an RDFI. By allowing an alternative, the rule 
is intended to help reduce the costs and time needed to resolve some 
exceptions in which proof of authorization in requested. However, if 
the RDFI still needs proof of authorization, the ODFI and its 
Originator must provide the proof of authorization within ten days of 
the RDFI's subsequent request.
    The Fiscal Service proposes adoption of these amendments. The 
Fiscal Service believes that these rule amendments may make certain ACH 
transaction processes more efficient. For example, in certain instances 
a Receiver of an ACH transaction may dispute the authorization. If the 
Federal Government determines that it is inefficient to provide the 
requested proof of authorization, the new rule will allow it to return 
the ACH instead of expending resources to locate and transmit the 
information to the RDFI and Receiver.
Written Statement of Unauthorized Debit via Electronic or Oral Methods
    The 2021 Operating Rules & Guidelines changes the ``Written 
Statement of Unauthorized Debit'' rule, which makes an RDFI responsible 
for obtaining a consumer's Written Statement of Unauthorized Debit 
(WSUD) prior to returning a debit as unauthorized. However, the current 
Operating Rules & Guidelines do not explicitly address electronically 
or orally provided WSUDs. Instead, they explicitly allow electronic 
records and electronic signatures generally, which has resulted in 
confusion about the electronic or oral acceptance of WSUDs. Nacha 
reports that anecdotal evidence suggests that the significant majority 
of WSUDs are still being obtained via paper using a wet signature.
    The Written Statement of Unauthorized Debit via Electronic or Oral 
Methods rule reduces an administrative burden on RDFIs and their 
customers. It clarifies and makes explicit that an RDFI may obtain a 
consumer's WSUD as an electronic record, and an RDFI may accept a 
consumer's electronic signature, regardless of its form or the method 
used to obtain it. These changes will emphasize that WSUDs may be 
obtained and signed electronically, which could include the same 
methods permissible for obtaining a consumer debit authorization.
    The Fiscal Service proposes adoption of these amendments. The 
Fiscal Service believes that the amendments to this rule may increase 
the efficiency of ACH transactions involving the Federal Government by 
explicitly allowing electronic records and signatures to be used for 
written statements of unauthorized debits. This may allow ACH network 
participants to expedite the processing of allegedly fraudulent 
electronic transactions involving the Federal Government and other 
parties.
Minor Rules Topics
    These amendments change several areas of the Operating Rules & 
Guidelines to address minor issues or correct errata. These changes 
have little-to-no impact on ACH participants and no material impact on 
the Federal Government's participation in the ACH network. NACHA's 
minor rule amendments became effective on various dates, according to 
the date of the Nacha errata correction or other message.
    The Fiscal Service proposes to adopt these minor rule amendments.

III. Section-by-Section Analysis

    In order to incorporate in Part 210 the Operating Rules & 
Guidelines changes that we are accepting, we are replacing references 
to the 2019 Rules & Guidelines with references to the 2021 Operating 
Rules & Guidelines.

210.2(a)

    We are proposing to amend the reference to NACHA--The Electronic 
Payments Association (NACHA) to simply refer to Nacha.

Sec.  210.2(b)

    We are proposing to amend the definition of ``applicable ACH 
Rules'' at Sec.  210.2(d) by replacing the reference to the ``2019 
NACHA Operating Rules and Guidelines'' with a reference to the ACH 
Rules with an effective date on or before March 31, 2021, as published 
in ``2021 Nacha Operating Rules & Guidelines'' and supplements thereto, 
including the rule change adopted on March 31, 2021 that will increase 
the Same Day ACH limit to $1 million, effective March 18, 2022. In 
addition, we are proposing to expand the list of Operating Rules & 
Guidelines that are not incorporated by reference to include the 
Operating Rules & Guidelines governing the Participating DFI registry.
    We are proposing to amend Sec.  210.3(b) by replacing the 
references to the ``2019 NACHA Operating Rules & Guidelines'' with 
references to ``Nacha's 2021 Operating Rules & Guidelines,'' as amended 
through March 31, 2021.

Sec.  210.6

    We are proposing to amend paragraph (g) by replacing the reference 
to the ``2019 NACHA Operating Rules and Guidelines'' with a reference 
to the ``2021 Nacha Operating Rules & Guidelines.''

IV. Incorporation by Reference

    In this NPRM, Fiscal Service is proposing to incorporate by 
reference the 2021 Operating Rules & Guidelines, including Supplement 
#1-2021, as amended through March 31, 2021. The Office of Federal 
Register (OFR) regulations require that agencies discuss in the 
preamble of a proposed rule ways that the materials the agency proposes 
to incorporate by reference are reasonably available to interested 
parties or how it worked to make those materials reasonably available 
to interested parties. In addition, the preamble of the proposed rule 
must summarize the material. 1 CFR 51.5(a). In accordance with OFR's 
requirements, the discussion in the Supplementary Information section 
summarizes the 2021 Operating Rules & Guidelines. Financial 
institutions utilizing the ACH Network are bound by the Operating Rules 
& Guidelines and have access to them in the course of their everyday 
business. The Operating Rules & Guidelines are available as a bound 
book or in online form from Nacha--The Electronic Payments Association, 
2550 Wasser Terrace, Suite 400, Herndon, Virginia 20171, tel. 703-561-
1100, [email protected].

V. Procedural Analysis

Request for Comment on Plain Language

    Executive Order 12866 requires each agency in the Executive branch 
to write regulations that are simple and easy to understand. We invite 
comment on how to make the proposed rule clearer. For

[[Page 46636]]

example, you may wish to discuss: (1) Whether we have organized the 
material to suit your needs; (2) whether the requirements of the rule 
are clear; or (3) whether there is something else we could do to make 
the rule easier to understand.

Regulatory Planning and Review

    The proposed rule does not meet the criteria for a ``significant 
regulatory action'' as defined in Executive Order 12866. Therefore, the 
regulatory review procedures contained therein do not apply.

Regulatory Flexibility Act Analysis

    It is hereby certified that the proposed rule will not have a 
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. 
The proposed rule imposes on the Federal Government a number of changes 
that Nacha has already adopted and imposed on private sector entities 
that utilize the ACH Network. The proposed rule does not impose any 
additional burdens, costs or impacts on any private sector entities, 
including any small entities. Accordingly, a regulatory flexibility 
analysis under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) is 
not required.

Unfunded Mandates Act of 1995

    Section 202 of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995, 2 U.S.C. 
1532 (Unfunded Mandates Act), requires that the agency prepare a 
budgetary impact statement before promulgating any rule likely to 
result in a Federal mandate that may result in the expenditure by 
State, local, and tribal governments, in the aggregate, or by the 
private sector, of $100 million or more in any one year. If a budgetary 
impact statement is required, section 205 of the Unfunded Mandates Act 
also requires the agency to identify and consider a reasonable number 
of regulatory alternatives before promulgating the rule. We have 
determined that the proposed rule will not result in expenditures by 
State, local, and tribal governments, in the aggregate, or by the 
private sector, of $100 million or more in any one year. Accordingly, 
we have not prepared a budgetary impact statement or specifically 
addressed any regulatory alternatives.

List of Subjects in 31 CFR Part 210

    Automated Clearing House, Electronic funds transfer, Financial 
institutions, Fraud, Incorporation by reference.

Words of Issuance

    For the reasons set out in the preamble, the Fiscal Service 
proposes to amend 31 CFR part 210 as follows:

PART 210--FEDERAL GOVERNMENT PARTICIPATION IN THE AUTOMATED 
CLEARING HOUSE

0
1. The authority citation for part 210 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  5 U.S.C. 5525; 12 U.S.C. 391; 31 U.S.C. 321, 3301, 
3302, 3321, 3332, 3335, and 3720.

0
2. In Sec.  210.2:
0
a. Revise paragraph (a) and the introductory text to paragraph (d);
0
b. Redesignate paragraphs (d)(2) through (7) as paragraphs (d)(3) 
through (8); and
0
c. Add new paragraph (d)(2).
    The revisions and addition read as follows:


Sec.  210.2  Definitions.

* * * * *
    (a) ACH Rules means the Operating Rules and the Operating 
Guidelines published by Nacha, a national association of regional 
member clearing house associations, ACH Operators, and participating 
financial institutions located in the United States.
* * * * *
    (d) Applicable ACH Rules means the ACH Rules as published in ``2021 
Nacha Operating Rules & Guidelines: A Complete Guide to Rules Governing 
the ACH Network''and Supplement #1-2021 (both incorporated by 
reference, see Sec.  210.3(b)), except:
* * * * *
    (2) Section 1.14 (governing the Participating DFI Contact 
registry);
* * * * *
0
3. In Sec.  210.3, revise paragraph (b) to read as follows:


Sec.  210.3  Governing law.

* * * * *
    (b) Incorporation by reference. Certain material is incorporated by 
reference into this part with the approval of the Director of the 
Federal Register under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. To enforce 
any edition other than that specified in this section, the Bureau of 
Fiscal Service must publish a document in the Federal Register and the 
material must be available to the public. All approved material is 
available for inspection at the Bureau of the Fiscal Service, 401 14th 
Street SW, Room 400A, Washington, DC 20227, and from the sources listed 
elsewhere in this paragraph. It is also available for inspection at the 
National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on 
the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected] 
or go to www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html.
    (1) Nacha, 2550 Wasser Terrace, Suite 400, Herndon, Virginia 20171, 
tel. 703-561-1100, [email protected].
    (i) 2021 Nacha Operating Rules & Guidelines, with an effective date 
on or before March 31, 2021.
    (ii) Supplement #1-2021 to the 2021 Nacha Operating Rules & 
Guidelines.
    (2) [Reserved]
* * * * *

David A. Lebryk,
Fiscal Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2021-17268 Filed 8-18-21; 8:45 am]
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