Severe Area Submission Requirements for the 2008 Ozone NAAQS; California; Eastern Kern Nonattainment Area, 30234-30237 [2021-11706]

Download as PDF 30234 Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 107 / Monday, June 7, 2021 / Proposed Rules not interfere with any applicable requirements of the CAA. The TSD has more information on our evaluation. C. The EPA’s Recommendations To Further Improve the Rule Our TSD for this action recommends several amendments to Rule 61.3.1, for consideration by the District the next time the rule is revised. Specifically, our TSD recommends amending the definition of ‘‘vapor leak,’’ removing language authorizing the use of the most current version of a specified ASTM test method, and adding a reference to the specific section of the California Code of Regulations that lists relevant vapor recovery system defects. Our TSD has more information regarding these recommendations. D. Public Comment and Proposed Action As authorized in section 110(k)(3) of the Act, the EPA proposes to fully approve the submitted rule because it fulfills all relevant requirements. Additionally, because the District corrected the procedural deficiency preventing Rule 61.3.1’s approval into the SIP and we are now proposing such approval, and because our analysis confirms that Rules 61.3.1 and 61.3 satisfy RACT requirements for sources covered by the Stage I Gasoline Transfer CTG, we propose to find that SDCAPCD has rectified the deficiency identified in our partial disapproval of the District’s 2008 RACT SIP submittal with respect to the Stage I Gasoline Transfer CTG. If finalized, this action will stop the sanction and federal implementation plan clocks for this CTG source category. We will accept comments from the public on this proposal until July 7, 2021. If we take final action to approve the submitted rule, our final action will incorporate this rule into the federally enforceable SIP. khammond on DSKJM1Z7X2PROD with PROPOSALS III. Incorporation by Reference In this rule, the EPA is proposing to include in a final EPA rule regulatory text that includes incorporation by reference. In accordance with requirements of 1 CFR 51.5, the EPA is proposing to incorporate by reference the SDCAPCD rule described in Table 1 of this preamble. The EPA has made, and will continue to make, these materials available through https:// www.regulations.gov and at the EPA Region IX Office (please contact the person identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section of this preamble for more information). VerDate Sep<11>2014 16:42 Jun 04, 2021 Jkt 253001 IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews Under the Clean Air Act, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP submission that complies with the provisions of the Act and applicable federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions, the EPA’s role is to approve state choices, provided that they meet the criteria of the Clean Air Act. Accordingly, this proposed action merely proposes to approve state law as meeting federal requirements and does not impose additional requirements beyond those imposed by state law. For that reason, this proposed action: • Is not a ‘‘significant regulatory action’’ subject to review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Orders 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821, January 21, 2011); • Does not impose an information collection burden under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.); • Is certified as not having a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.); • Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4); • Does not have federalism implications as specified in Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999); • Is not an economically significant regulatory action based on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997); • Is not a significant regulatory action subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001); • Is not subject to requirements of Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent with the Clean Air Act; and • Does not provide the EPA with the discretionary authority to address disproportionate human health or environmental effects with practical, appropriate, and legally permissible methods under Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994). In addition, the SIP is not approved to apply on any Indian reservation land or in any other area where the EPA or an Indian tribe has demonstrated that a tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of Indian country, the rule does not have PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 tribal implications and will not impose substantial direct costs on tribal governments or preempt tribal law as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000). List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52 Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Ozone, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Volatile organic compounds. Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq. Dated: June 1, 2021. Deborah Jordan, Acting Regional Administrator, Region IX. [FR Doc. 2021–11891 Filed 6–4–21; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6560–50–P ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 40 CFR Part 52 [EPA–R09–OAR–2021–0341; FRL–10024– 59–Region 9] Severe Area Submission Requirements for the 2008 Ozone NAAQS; California; Eastern Kern Nonattainment Area Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Proposed rule. AGENCY: In the Rules and Regulations section of this Federal Register, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is granting a request by the California Air Resources Board (CARB or ‘‘State’’) to voluntarily reclassify the Eastern Kern nonattainment area (‘‘Eastern Kern’’) from ‘‘Serious’’ to ‘‘Severe’’ for the 2008 8-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) under section 181(b)(3) of the Clean Air Act (CAA). In this action, the EPA is proposing a schedule for the State to submit revisions to the state implementation plan (SIP) addressing Severe area requirements and to submit revisions to the title V operating permit rules for this area. Under the EPA’s proposed schedule, California would be required to submit SIP revisions addressing Severe area requirements for Eastern Kern, including revisions to New Source Review (NSR) rules, no later than 18 months from the effective date of the EPA’s final rule reclassifying Eastern Kern to Severe. Submittal of any corresponding revisions to the title V rules that apply in Eastern Kern would be due within six months of the effective date of the reclassification. Lastly, the EPA is proposing a deadline for implementation of new Reasonably SUMMARY: E:\FR\FM\07JNP1.SGM 07JNP1 Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 107 / Monday, June 7, 2021 / Proposed Rules Available Control Technology (RACT) rules as expeditiously as practicable but no later than 18 months from the date when the Severe area RACT SIP will be due. DATES: Comments must be received on or before July 7, 2021. ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA–R09– OAR–2021–0341 at https:// www.regulations.gov. For comments submitted at Regulations.gov, follow the online instructions for submitting comments. Once submitted, comments cannot be edited or removed from Regulations.gov. The EPA may publish any comment received to its public docket. Do not submit electronically any information you consider to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Multimedia submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be accompanied by a written comment. The written comment is considered the official comment and should include discussion of all points you wish to make. The EPA will generally not consider comments or comment contents located outside of the primary submission (i.e., on the web, cloud, or other file sharing system). For additional submission methods, please contact the person identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. For the full EPA public comment policy, information about CBI or multimedia submissions, and general guidance on making effective comments, please visit https://www.epa.gov/dockets/ commenting-epa-dockets. If you need assistance in a language other than English or if you are a person with disabilities who needs a reasonable accommodation at no cost to you, please contact the person identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ben Leers, Air Planning Office (AIR–2), EPA Region IX, (415) 947–4279, Leers.Benjamin@epa.gov. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document, ‘‘we,’’ ‘‘us,’’ and ‘‘our’’ refer to the EPA. khammond on DSKJM1Z7X2PROD with PROPOSALS Table of Contents I. Background II. Severe Area Requirements and Proposed Schedule A. Severe Area Plan Requirements B. NSR and Title V Program Revisions C. Federal Reformulated Gasoline III. Proposed Action and Request for Public Comment IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews I. Background In March 2008, the EPA strengthened the primary and secondary eight-hour VerDate Sep<11>2014 16:42 Jun 04, 2021 Jkt 253001 ozone NAAQS from 0.08 parts per million (ppm) to 0.075 ppm (‘‘2008 ozone NAAQS’’).1 In accordance with section 107(d) of the CAA, the EPA must designate an area ‘‘nonattainment’’ if it is violating the NAAQS or if it is contributing to a violation of the NAAQS in a nearby area. With respect to the ozone NAAQS, the EPA further classifies nonattainment areas as ‘‘Marginal,’’ ‘‘Moderate,’’ ‘‘Serious,’’ ‘‘Severe,’’ 2 or ‘‘Extreme,’’ depending upon the ozone design value for an area.3 See CAA section 181(a)(1). As a general matter, higher classified ozone nonattainment areas are subject to a greater number of, and more stringent, CAA planning requirements than lower classified areas but are allowed more time to attain the ozone NAAQS. See, generally, subpart 2 of part D of title I of the CAA. Effective July 20, 2012, the EPA designated and classified the Eastern Kern area 4 under the CAA as Marginal nonattainment for the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS.5 EPA’s classification of Eastern Kern as a Marginal ozone nonattainment area established a requirement that the area attain the 2008 ozone NAAQS as expeditiously as practicable, but no later than three years from the date of designation as nonattainment, i.e., July 20, 2015. Under CAA section 181(b)(2), the EPA is required to determine whether an area attained the ozone NAAQS by the applicable attainment date. In May 2016, the EPA found that Eastern Kern failed to attain the 2008 ozone NAAQS by the July 20, 2015 Marginal attainment date and reclassified the area as Moderate for the 2008 ozone NAAQS with a new maximum attainment date of July 20, 2018.6 1 73 FR 16436 (March 27, 2008). this document, we use the term ‘‘Severe’’ to refer to Severe areas that have up to 15 years to attain the ozone standards. The ozone area designation tables in 40 CFR part 81 specify ‘‘Severe-15’’ to distinguish such areas from ‘‘Severe17’’ areas, which are Severe areas that have up to 17 years to attain the ozone standards. 3 For the 2008 ozone NAAQS, the design value at each monitoring site is the annual fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentration, averaged over three years. The design value for an area is the highest design value among the monitoring sites. 4 Kern County is located in the southern-most portion of California’s Central Valley. The western portion of Kern County is part of the San Joaquin Valley air basin and is included within the San Joaquin Valley ozone nonattainment area. The eastern portion of Kern County is part of the Mojave Desert air basin. The Eastern Kern ozone nonattainment area covers the eastern portion of the county excluding Indian Wells Valley. For more detail on the boundaries of the Eastern Kern ozone nonattainment area, see the 2008 ozone table in 40 CFR 81.305. 5 77 FR 30088 (May 21, 2012). 6 81 FR 26697 (May 4, 2016). 2 Throughout PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 30235 On October 25, 2017, CARB submitted the ‘‘Eastern Kern Air Pollution Control District 2017 Ozone Attainment Plan for the Federal 75 ppb 8-Hour Ozone Standard’’ (‘‘the Eastern Kern 2017 Ozone Plan’’), which included a request for voluntary reclassification of the Eastern Kern ozone nonattainment area from Moderate to Serious. Effective August 6, 2018, the EPA granted CARB’s request and reclassified the Eastern Kern ozone nonattainment area as Serious for the 2008 ozone NAAQS with a new maximum attainment date of July 20, 2021.7 By letter dated May 15, 2021, CARB submitted a request from the Eastern Kern Air Pollution Control District (‘‘District’’) to the EPA to voluntarily reclassify the Eastern Kern ozone nonattainment area from Serious to Severe for the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS.8 In the Rules and Regulations section of this Federal Register, the EPA is granting California’s request and reclassifying the Eastern Kern area from Serious to Severe nonattainment for the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS. In this action, we are proposing a schedule for the State to submit the plan elements for a Severe ozone nonattainment area. II. Severe Area Requirements and Proposed Schedule In this action, we are proposing to require the State to submit SIP revisions to address the requirements resulting from the EPA’s reclassification of Eastern Kern to Severe nonattainment for the 2008 ozone NAAQS by no later than 18 months from the effective date of the EPA’s final rule reclassifying Eastern Kern to Severe. Under this proposal, the State’s submittal(s) would need to include a Severe area plan that addresses the requirements of CAA section 182(d) as well as revisions to the NSR rules applicable to the area. We are also proposing a schedule for submittal of revised title V rules within six months of the effective date of the EPA’s final reclassification rule as explained in greater detail below. A. Severe Area Plan Requirements CARB must submit SIP revisions for Eastern Kern that satisfy the general air quality planning requirements under CAA section 172(c) and specific requirements for Severe areas under 7 83 FR 31334 (July 5, 2018). dated May 15, 2021, from Richard W. Corey, Executive Officer, CARB, to Deborah Jordan, Acting Regional Administrator, EPA Region IX. In the letter, CARB also requests reclassification of Eastern Kern to Serious for the 2015 ozone NAAQS. The EPA will take action on the reclassification request with respect to the 2015 ozone NAAQS in a separate rulemaking. 8 Letter E:\FR\FM\07JNP1.SGM 07JNP1 30236 Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 107 / Monday, June 7, 2021 / Proposed Rules khammond on DSKJM1Z7X2PROD with PROPOSALS CAA section 182(d), as interpreted and described in the final SIP Requirements Rule for the 2008 ozone NAAQS. See 40 CFR 51.1100 et seq. For areas initially designated Severe, the CAA and the EPA’s ozone SIP Requirements Rules (SRR) for the 2008 ozone NAAQS 9 generally provide, depending on the element, up to four years from the date of designation to submit the required SIP elements to the EPA. The statutory deadline for all SIP submissions for areas initially designated as Severe for the 2008 ozone NAAQS was July 20, 2016 (excluding the CAA section 185 fee program). Because the deadlines for areas initially designated as Severe have passed (except for the CAA section 185 fee program), the EPA is invoking its general CAA section 301(a) authority to propose a new deadline of 18 months from the effective date of the final rule reclassifying Eastern Kern as Severe for the State to submit SIP revisions addressing the Severe area requirements for Eastern Kern. For ozone areas reclassified by operation of law under CAA section 181(b)(2) from Moderate to Serious, we have generally established 12-month SIP submission deadlines.10 However, we find that an 18-month schedule for submittal of SIP revisions is appropriate for reclassifications from Serious to Severe given the longer interval to the maximum attainment date associated with areas reclassified to Severe as compared to areas reclassified to Serious. That is, the maximum attainment dates extend from six to nine years from the effective date of designation for areas reclassified from Moderate to Serious, but from nine to 15 years for areas reclassified from Serious to Severe.11 Therefore, we find that providing a longer period for submittal of SIP revisions addressing Severe area requirements for Eastern Kern is appropriate and allows CARB and the District to finish reviews of available control measures, adopt revisions to necessary control strategies, address other SIP requirements and complete the public notice process necessary to adopt and submit timely SIP revisions. Lastly, while the deadline for submittal of the CAA section 185 fee program for areas originally classified as Severe has 9 The EPA promulgated the SRR for the 2008 ozone NAAQS at 40 CFR part 52, subpart AA. 10 See, e.g., 75 FR 79302 (Dec. 20, 2010) (DallasFt. Worth, Texas, reclassification to Serious for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS); 69 FR 16483 (March 30, 2004) (Beaumont-Port Arthur, Texas, reclassification to Serious for the 1979 1-hour ozone NAAQS); 68 FR 4836 (Jan. 30, 2003) (St. Louis, Missouri, reclassification to Serious for the 1979 1hour ozone NAAQS). 11 40 CFR 51.1103. VerDate Sep<11>2014 16:42 Jun 04, 2021 Jkt 253001 not yet expired, we are proposing the same schedule for submittal of the CAA section 185 fee program for Eastern Kern as for the other Severe area SIP requirements to assure consistency among the required submissions. With respect to implementation of new RACT controls in Eastern Kern, we are proposing that such controls be implemented as expeditiously as practicable, but no later than 18 months from the date when the Severe area RACT SIP will be due, i.e., 36 months from the effective date of the EPA’s final rule reclassifying Eastern Kern to Severe (assuming we finalize the proposed 18month schedule for submittal). We believe that such an implementation deadline appropriately balances the necessity of providing sources sufficient time to come into compliance with the new RACT controls while also ensuring that RACT controls are in place in time to provide for attainment consistent with the overarching goal of improving air quality as quickly as possible to improve public health outcomes. B. NSR and Title V Program Revisions In section II.A of this proposed rule, we are proposing a deadline of no later than 18 months from the effective date of EPA’s final rule reclassifying Eastern Kern to Severe for submittal of revised District NSR rules as a SIP revision. The District NSR rules for Eastern Kern must be revised to reflect the Severe area definitions for new major sources and major modifications and to increase the offset ratios for these sources consistent with CAA section 182(d)(2). Under CAA section 182(d)(2), the volatile organic compound and oxides of nitrogen offset ratios for major sources and modifications in a Severe nonattainment area must be at least 1.3 to 1, or at least 1.2 to 1 if the plan requires all existing major sources in the nonattainment area to use best available control technology. The District must also make any changes in its title V operating permits program for Eastern Kern necessary to reflect the change in the major source threshold from 50 tons per year for Serious areas to 25 tons per year for Severe areas. We are proposing a deadline of six months from the effective date of reclassification to Severe for the District to submit the required title V revisions. Given the narrow scope of the required revisions, we consider a deadline of six months from the effective date of reclassification as a sufficient period of time to allow the District to make the required changes without imposing a lengthy delay in the requirement for sources PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 newly subject to the title V program to submit a timely application.12 C. Federal Reformulated Gasoline The Clean Air Act requires that the sale of conventional gasoline be prohibited in any ozone nonattainment area that is reclassified as Severe, resulting in federal reformulated gasoline (RFG) being sold in any such area.13 The prohibition on the sale of conventional gasoline takes effect one year after the effective date of the reclassification to Severe. California law requires the sale of California Phase 3 RFG (CaRFG3) throughout the state, and the EPA has exempted gasoline fuel meeting the CaRFG3 regulations from the requirements that would otherwise apply under the federal RFG regulations.14 We issued this exemption because we found that gasoline complying with the CaRFG3 regulations provides emissions benefits equivalent to federal RFG regulations and because California’s compliance and enforcement program is sufficiently rigorous to assure that the standards are met.15 Thus, reclassification of Eastern Kern to Severe does not impact the continued applicability of California’s regulations that require the sale of CaRFG3 in the Eastern Kern area. Should California’s regulations no longer apply in the future, the EPA’s RFG regulations would apply in keeping with the CAA. In a separate action, the EPA would add Eastern Kern to the list of federal RFG covered areas in 40 CFR part 1090. III. Proposed Action and Request for Public Comment For the reasons provided above, the EPA is proposing to establish a deadline of no later than 18 months from the effective date of the final rule reclassifying Eastern Kern as Severe for the State of California to submit SIP revisions addressing all Severe area SIP elements for the Eastern Kern ozone nonattainment area. We are proposing to establish a deadline of six months for any necessary revisions to the title V rules for the Eastern Kern area. The EPA is proposing a deadline for implementation of new RACT controls as expeditiously as practicable but no later than 18 months from the effective 12 A source newly subject to the title V permit program is required to submit a title V application within 12 months after the source becomes subject to the program. See 40 CFR 70.5(a)(1)(i). 13 See the definitions of ‘‘covered area,’’ ‘‘conventional gasoline,’’ and ‘‘reformulated gasoline’’ in CAA section 211(k)(10). 14 40 CFR 1090.625. See also 85 FR 78412 at 78430, footnote 70 (December 4, 2020). 15 70 FR 75914 (December 21, 2005). E:\FR\FM\07JNP1.SGM 07JNP1 Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 107 / Monday, June 7, 2021 / Proposed Rules khammond on DSKJM1Z7X2PROD with PROPOSALS date of the date when the Severe area RACT SIP will be due, i.e., 36 months from the effective date of the EPA’s final rule reclassifying Eastern Kern to Severe (assuming we finalize the proposed 18month schedule for submittal). We will accept comments from the public on this proposed rule for the next 30 days. The deadline and instructions for submission of comments are provided in the DATES and ADDRESSES sections at the beginning of this preamble. IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews Under Executive Orders 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821, January 21, 2011), this proposed action is not a ‘‘significant regulatory action’’ and therefore is not subject to review by the Office of Management and Budget. Because the statutory requirements are clearly defined with respect to the differently classified areas, and because those requirements are automatically triggered by reclassification, the timing of the submittal of the Severe area requirements does not impose a materially adverse impact under Executive Order 12866. For these reasons, this proposed action is also not subject to Executive Order 13211, ‘‘Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use’’ (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001). In addition, I certify that this proposed rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) and that this proposed rule does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4), because the EPA is seeking comment solely on the timing of submittal requirements. Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000) requires the EPA to develop an accountable process to ensure ‘‘meaningful and timely input by tribal officials in the development of regulatory policies that have tribal implications.’’ ‘‘Policies that have tribal implications’’ is defined in the Executive Order to include regulations that have ‘‘substantial direct effects on one or more Indian tribes, on the relationship between the Federal government and Indian tribes, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities between the Federal government and Indian tribes.’’ There are no Indian reservation lands or other areas where the EPA or an Indian tribe has demonstrated that a tribe has VerDate Sep<11>2014 16:42 Jun 04, 2021 Jkt 253001 jurisdiction within the Eastern Kern ozone nonattainment area, and thus, this proposed rule does not have tribal implications and will not impose substantial direct costs on tribal governments or preempt tribal law as specified by Executive Order 13175. This proposed action also does not have federalism implications because it does not have substantial direct effects on the states, on the relationship between the national government and the states, nor on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government, as specified in Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999). This proposed action does not alter the relationship or the distribution of power and responsibilities established in the CAA. This proposed rule also is not subject to Executive Order 13045, ‘‘Protection of Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks’’ (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997), because the EPA interprets Executive Order 13045 as applying only to those regulatory actions that concern health or safety risks, such that the analysis required under section 5–501 of the Executive Order has the potential to influence the regulation. As this proposal would set a deadline for the submittal of CAA required plans and information, the requirements of section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) do not apply. This proposed rule does not impose an information collection burden under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994) establishes federal executive policy on environmental justice. Its main provision directs federal agencies, to the greatest extent practicable and permitted by law, to make environmental justice part of their mission by identifying and addressing, as appropriate, disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects of their programs, policies, and activities on minority populations and low-income populations in the United States. The EPA believes that this action, which addresses the timing for the submittal of Severe area ozone planning requirements, does not have disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental health effects on minority populations, lowincome populations and/or indigenous peoples, as specified in Executive Order 12898. PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 30237 List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52 Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Volatile organic compounds. Dated: May 27, 2021. Deborah Jordan, Acting Regional Administrator, Region IX. [FR Doc. 2021–11706 Filed 6–4–21; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6560–50–P ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 40 CFR Part 261 [EPA–R10–RCRA–2021–0142; FRL–10023– 45–Region 10] Hazardous Waste Management System; Proposed Exclusion for Identifying and Listing Hazardous Waste Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Proposed rule and request for comment. AGENCY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (also, ‘‘the Agency’’ or ‘‘we’’ in this preamble) is proposing technical amendments to an existing exclusion from the list of federal hazardous waste (delisting) issued to the United States Department of Energy (Energy) under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. These modifications address changes to the 200-Area Effluent Treatment System associated with the delisting necessary to accept liquid effluents expected to be generated from vitrification of certain low-activity mixed wastes at the Hanford Federal Facility, or Hanford Site, in Richland, Washington. DATES: Comments must be received on or before July 7, 2021. Requests for an informal hearing must reach the EPA by June 22, 2021. ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA–R10– RCRA–2021–0142 via www.regulations.gov: Follow the on-line instructions for submitting comments. Due to restrictions related to COVID–19, submission of comments via mail or hand delivery is not feasible at this time. Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA–R10–RCRA–2021– 0142. The EPA’s policy is that all comments received will be included in the public docket without change and may be made available online at www.regulations.gov, including any personal information provided, unless SUMMARY: E:\FR\FM\07JNP1.SGM 07JNP1

Agencies

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

[Federal Register Volume 86, Number 107 (Monday, June 7, 2021)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 30234-30237]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2021-11706]


-----------------------------------------------------------------------

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 52

[EPA-R09-OAR-2021-0341; FRL-10024-59-Region 9]


Severe Area Submission Requirements for the 2008 Ozone NAAQS; 
California; Eastern Kern Nonattainment Area

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: In the Rules and Regulations section of this Federal Register, 
the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is granting a request by the 
California Air Resources Board (CARB or ``State'') to voluntarily 
reclassify the Eastern Kern nonattainment area (``Eastern Kern'') from 
``Serious'' to ``Severe'' for the 2008 8-hour ozone National Ambient 
Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) under section 181(b)(3) of the Clean Air 
Act (CAA). In this action, the EPA is proposing a schedule for the 
State to submit revisions to the state implementation plan (SIP) 
addressing Severe area requirements and to submit revisions to the 
title V operating permit rules for this area. Under the EPA's proposed 
schedule, California would be required to submit SIP revisions 
addressing Severe area requirements for Eastern Kern, including 
revisions to New Source Review (NSR) rules, no later than 18 months 
from the effective date of the EPA's final rule reclassifying Eastern 
Kern to Severe. Submittal of any corresponding revisions to the title V 
rules that apply in Eastern Kern would be due within six months of the 
effective date of the reclassification. Lastly, the EPA is proposing a 
deadline for implementation of new Reasonably

[[Page 30235]]

Available Control Technology (RACT) rules as expeditiously as 
practicable but no later than 18 months from the date when the Severe 
area RACT SIP will be due.

DATES: Comments must be received on or before July 7, 2021.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R09-
OAR-2021-0341 at https://www.regulations.gov. For comments submitted at 
Regulations.gov, follow the online instructions for submitting 
comments. Once submitted, comments cannot be edited or removed from 
Regulations.gov. The EPA may publish any comment received to its public 
docket. Do not submit electronically any information you consider to be 
Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose 
disclosure is restricted by statute. Multimedia submissions (audio, 
video, etc.) must be accompanied by a written comment. The written 
comment is considered the official comment and should include 
discussion of all points you wish to make. The EPA will generally not 
consider comments or comment contents located outside of the primary 
submission (i.e., on the web, cloud, or other file sharing system). For 
additional submission methods, please contact the person identified in 
the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. For the full EPA public 
comment policy, information about CBI or multimedia submissions, and 
general guidance on making effective comments, please visit https://www.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets. If you need assistance in a 
language other than English or if you are a person with disabilities 
who needs a reasonable accommodation at no cost to you, please contact 
the person identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ben Leers, Air Planning Office (AIR-
2), EPA Region IX, (415) 947-4279, [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document, ``we,'' ``us,'' 
and ``our'' refer to the EPA.

Table of Contents

I. Background
II. Severe Area Requirements and Proposed Schedule
    A. Severe Area Plan Requirements
    B. NSR and Title V Program Revisions
    C. Federal Reformulated Gasoline
III. Proposed Action and Request for Public Comment
IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

I. Background

    In March 2008, the EPA strengthened the primary and secondary 
eight-hour ozone NAAQS from 0.08 parts per million (ppm) to 0.075 ppm 
(``2008 ozone NAAQS'').\1\ In accordance with section 107(d) of the 
CAA, the EPA must designate an area ``nonattainment'' if it is 
violating the NAAQS or if it is contributing to a violation of the 
NAAQS in a nearby area. With respect to the ozone NAAQS, the EPA 
further classifies nonattainment areas as ``Marginal,'' ``Moderate,'' 
``Serious,'' ``Severe,'' \2\ or ``Extreme,'' depending upon the ozone 
design value for an area.\3\ See CAA section 181(a)(1). As a general 
matter, higher classified ozone nonattainment areas are subject to a 
greater number of, and more stringent, CAA planning requirements than 
lower classified areas but are allowed more time to attain the ozone 
NAAQS. See, generally, subpart 2 of part D of title I of the CAA.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ 73 FR 16436 (March 27, 2008).
    \2\ Throughout this document, we use the term ``Severe'' to 
refer to Severe areas that have up to 15 years to attain the ozone 
standards. The ozone area designation tables in 40 CFR part 81 
specify ``Severe-15'' to distinguish such areas from ``Severe-17'' 
areas, which are Severe areas that have up to 17 years to attain the 
ozone standards.
    \3\ For the 2008 ozone NAAQS, the design value at each 
monitoring site is the annual fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour 
average ozone concentration, averaged over three years. The design 
value for an area is the highest design value among the monitoring 
sites.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Effective July 20, 2012, the EPA designated and classified the 
Eastern Kern area \4\ under the CAA as Marginal nonattainment for the 
2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS.\5\ EPA's classification of Eastern Kern as a 
Marginal ozone nonattainment area established a requirement that the 
area attain the 2008 ozone NAAQS as expeditiously as practicable, but 
no later than three years from the date of designation as 
nonattainment, i.e., July 20, 2015. Under CAA section 181(b)(2), the 
EPA is required to determine whether an area attained the ozone NAAQS 
by the applicable attainment date. In May 2016, the EPA found that 
Eastern Kern failed to attain the 2008 ozone NAAQS by the July 20, 2015 
Marginal attainment date and reclassified the area as Moderate for the 
2008 ozone NAAQS with a new maximum attainment date of July 20, 
2018.\6\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \4\ Kern County is located in the southern-most portion of 
California's Central Valley. The western portion of Kern County is 
part of the San Joaquin Valley air basin and is included within the 
San Joaquin Valley ozone nonattainment area. The eastern portion of 
Kern County is part of the Mojave Desert air basin. The Eastern Kern 
ozone nonattainment area covers the eastern portion of the county 
excluding Indian Wells Valley. For more detail on the boundaries of 
the Eastern Kern ozone nonattainment area, see the 2008 ozone table 
in 40 CFR 81.305.
    \5\ 77 FR 30088 (May 21, 2012).
    \6\ 81 FR 26697 (May 4, 2016).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On October 25, 2017, CARB submitted the ``Eastern Kern Air 
Pollution Control District 2017 Ozone Attainment Plan for the Federal 
75 ppb 8-Hour Ozone Standard'' (``the Eastern Kern 2017 Ozone Plan''), 
which included a request for voluntary reclassification of the Eastern 
Kern ozone nonattainment area from Moderate to Serious. Effective 
August 6, 2018, the EPA granted CARB's request and reclassified the 
Eastern Kern ozone nonattainment area as Serious for the 2008 ozone 
NAAQS with a new maximum attainment date of July 20, 2021.\7\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \7\ 83 FR 31334 (July 5, 2018).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    By letter dated May 15, 2021, CARB submitted a request from the 
Eastern Kern Air Pollution Control District (``District'') to the EPA 
to voluntarily reclassify the Eastern Kern ozone nonattainment area 
from Serious to Severe for the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS.\8\ In the Rules 
and Regulations section of this Federal Register, the EPA is granting 
California's request and reclassifying the Eastern Kern area from 
Serious to Severe nonattainment for the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS. In 
this action, we are proposing a schedule for the State to submit the 
plan elements for a Severe ozone nonattainment area.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \8\ Letter dated May 15, 2021, from Richard W. Corey, Executive 
Officer, CARB, to Deborah Jordan, Acting Regional Administrator, EPA 
Region IX. In the letter, CARB also requests reclassification of 
Eastern Kern to Serious for the 2015 ozone NAAQS. The EPA will take 
action on the reclassification request with respect to the 2015 
ozone NAAQS in a separate rulemaking.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

II. Severe Area Requirements and Proposed Schedule

    In this action, we are proposing to require the State to submit SIP 
revisions to address the requirements resulting from the EPA's 
reclassification of Eastern Kern to Severe nonattainment for the 2008 
ozone NAAQS by no later than 18 months from the effective date of the 
EPA's final rule reclassifying Eastern Kern to Severe. Under this 
proposal, the State's submittal(s) would need to include a Severe area 
plan that addresses the requirements of CAA section 182(d) as well as 
revisions to the NSR rules applicable to the area. We are also 
proposing a schedule for submittal of revised title V rules within six 
months of the effective date of the EPA's final reclassification rule 
as explained in greater detail below.

A. Severe Area Plan Requirements

    CARB must submit SIP revisions for Eastern Kern that satisfy the 
general air quality planning requirements under CAA section 172(c) and 
specific requirements for Severe areas under

[[Page 30236]]

CAA section 182(d), as interpreted and described in the final SIP 
Requirements Rule for the 2008 ozone NAAQS. See 40 CFR 51.1100 et seq.
    For areas initially designated Severe, the CAA and the EPA's ozone 
SIP Requirements Rules (SRR) for the 2008 ozone NAAQS \9\ generally 
provide, depending on the element, up to four years from the date of 
designation to submit the required SIP elements to the EPA. The 
statutory deadline for all SIP submissions for areas initially 
designated as Severe for the 2008 ozone NAAQS was July 20, 2016 
(excluding the CAA section 185 fee program). Because the deadlines for 
areas initially designated as Severe have passed (except for the CAA 
section 185 fee program), the EPA is invoking its general CAA section 
301(a) authority to propose a new deadline of 18 months from the 
effective date of the final rule reclassifying Eastern Kern as Severe 
for the State to submit SIP revisions addressing the Severe area 
requirements for Eastern Kern.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \9\ The EPA promulgated the SRR for the 2008 ozone NAAQS at 40 
CFR part 52, subpart AA.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For ozone areas reclassified by operation of law under CAA section 
181(b)(2) from Moderate to Serious, we have generally established 12-
month SIP submission deadlines.\10\ However, we find that an 18-month 
schedule for submittal of SIP revisions is appropriate for 
reclassifications from Serious to Severe given the longer interval to 
the maximum attainment date associated with areas reclassified to 
Severe as compared to areas reclassified to Serious. That is, the 
maximum attainment dates extend from six to nine years from the 
effective date of designation for areas reclassified from Moderate to 
Serious, but from nine to 15 years for areas reclassified from Serious 
to Severe.\11\ Therefore, we find that providing a longer period for 
submittal of SIP revisions addressing Severe area requirements for 
Eastern Kern is appropriate and allows CARB and the District to finish 
reviews of available control measures, adopt revisions to necessary 
control strategies, address other SIP requirements and complete the 
public notice process necessary to adopt and submit timely SIP 
revisions. Lastly, while the deadline for submittal of the CAA section 
185 fee program for areas originally classified as Severe has not yet 
expired, we are proposing the same schedule for submittal of the CAA 
section 185 fee program for Eastern Kern as for the other Severe area 
SIP requirements to assure consistency among the required submissions.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \10\ See, e.g., 75 FR 79302 (Dec. 20, 2010) (Dallas-Ft. Worth, 
Texas, reclassification to Serious for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS); 
69 FR 16483 (March 30, 2004) (Beaumont-Port Arthur, Texas, 
reclassification to Serious for the 1979 1-hour ozone NAAQS); 68 FR 
4836 (Jan. 30, 2003) (St. Louis, Missouri, reclassification to 
Serious for the 1979 1-hour ozone NAAQS).
    \11\ 40 CFR 51.1103.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    With respect to implementation of new RACT controls in Eastern 
Kern, we are proposing that such controls be implemented as 
expeditiously as practicable, but no later than 18 months from the date 
when the Severe area RACT SIP will be due, i.e., 36 months from the 
effective date of the EPA's final rule reclassifying Eastern Kern to 
Severe (assuming we finalize the proposed 18-month schedule for 
submittal). We believe that such an implementation deadline 
appropriately balances the necessity of providing sources sufficient 
time to come into compliance with the new RACT controls while also 
ensuring that RACT controls are in place in time to provide for 
attainment consistent with the overarching goal of improving air 
quality as quickly as possible to improve public health outcomes.

B. NSR and Title V Program Revisions

    In section II.A of this proposed rule, we are proposing a deadline 
of no later than 18 months from the effective date of EPA's final rule 
reclassifying Eastern Kern to Severe for submittal of revised District 
NSR rules as a SIP revision. The District NSR rules for Eastern Kern 
must be revised to reflect the Severe area definitions for new major 
sources and major modifications and to increase the offset ratios for 
these sources consistent with CAA section 182(d)(2). Under CAA section 
182(d)(2), the volatile organic compound and oxides of nitrogen offset 
ratios for major sources and modifications in a Severe nonattainment 
area must be at least 1.3 to 1, or at least 1.2 to 1 if the plan 
requires all existing major sources in the nonattainment area to use 
best available control technology.
    The District must also make any changes in its title V operating 
permits program for Eastern Kern necessary to reflect the change in the 
major source threshold from 50 tons per year for Serious areas to 25 
tons per year for Severe areas. We are proposing a deadline of six 
months from the effective date of reclassification to Severe for the 
District to submit the required title V revisions. Given the narrow 
scope of the required revisions, we consider a deadline of six months 
from the effective date of reclassification as a sufficient period of 
time to allow the District to make the required changes without 
imposing a lengthy delay in the requirement for sources newly subject 
to the title V program to submit a timely application.\12\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \12\ A source newly subject to the title V permit program is 
required to submit a title V application within 12 months after the 
source becomes subject to the program. See 40 CFR 70.5(a)(1)(i).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

C. Federal Reformulated Gasoline

    The Clean Air Act requires that the sale of conventional gasoline 
be prohibited in any ozone nonattainment area that is reclassified as 
Severe, resulting in federal reformulated gasoline (RFG) being sold in 
any such area.\13\ The prohibition on the sale of conventional gasoline 
takes effect one year after the effective date of the reclassification 
to Severe. California law requires the sale of California Phase 3 RFG 
(CaRFG3) throughout the state, and the EPA has exempted gasoline fuel 
meeting the CaRFG3 regulations from the requirements that would 
otherwise apply under the federal RFG regulations.\14\ We issued this 
exemption because we found that gasoline complying with the CaRFG3 
regulations provides emissions benefits equivalent to federal RFG 
regulations and because California's compliance and enforcement program 
is sufficiently rigorous to assure that the standards are met.\15\ 
Thus, reclassification of Eastern Kern to Severe does not impact the 
continued applicability of California's regulations that require the 
sale of CaRFG3 in the Eastern Kern area. Should California's 
regulations no longer apply in the future, the EPA's RFG regulations 
would apply in keeping with the CAA. In a separate action, the EPA 
would add Eastern Kern to the list of federal RFG covered areas in 40 
CFR part 1090.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \13\ See the definitions of ``covered area,'' ``conventional 
gasoline,'' and ``reformulated gasoline'' in CAA section 211(k)(10).
    \14\ 40 CFR 1090.625. See also 85 FR 78412 at 78430, footnote 70 
(December 4, 2020).
    \15\ 70 FR 75914 (December 21, 2005).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

III. Proposed Action and Request for Public Comment

    For the reasons provided above, the EPA is proposing to establish a 
deadline of no later than 18 months from the effective date of the 
final rule reclassifying Eastern Kern as Severe for the State of 
California to submit SIP revisions addressing all Severe area SIP 
elements for the Eastern Kern ozone nonattainment area. We are 
proposing to establish a deadline of six months for any necessary 
revisions to the title V rules for the Eastern Kern area. The EPA is 
proposing a deadline for implementation of new RACT controls as 
expeditiously as practicable but no later than 18 months from the 
effective

[[Page 30237]]

date of the date when the Severe area RACT SIP will be due, i.e., 36 
months from the effective date of the EPA's final rule reclassifying 
Eastern Kern to Severe (assuming we finalize the proposed 18-month 
schedule for submittal). We will accept comments from the public on 
this proposed rule for the next 30 days. The deadline and instructions 
for submission of comments are provided in the DATES and ADDRESSES 
sections at the beginning of this preamble.

IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Under Executive Orders 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and 
13563 (76 FR 3821, January 21, 2011), this proposed action is not a 
``significant regulatory action'' and therefore is not subject to 
review by the Office of Management and Budget. Because the statutory 
requirements are clearly defined with respect to the differently 
classified areas, and because those requirements are automatically 
triggered by reclassification, the timing of the submittal of the 
Severe area requirements does not impose a materially adverse impact 
under Executive Order 12866. For these reasons, this proposed action is 
also not subject to Executive Order 13211, ``Actions Concerning 
Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or 
Use'' (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001).
    In addition, I certify that this proposed rule will not have a 
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities 
under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) and that 
this proposed rule does not contain any unfunded mandate or 
significantly or uniquely affect small governments, as described in the 
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4), because the EPA 
is seeking comment solely on the timing of submittal requirements.
    Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000) requires the 
EPA to develop an accountable process to ensure ``meaningful and timely 
input by tribal officials in the development of regulatory policies 
that have tribal implications.'' ``Policies that have tribal 
implications'' is defined in the Executive Order to include regulations 
that have ``substantial direct effects on one or more Indian tribes, on 
the relationship between the Federal government and Indian tribes, or 
on the distribution of power and responsibilities between the Federal 
government and Indian tribes.'' There are no Indian reservation lands 
or other areas where the EPA or an Indian tribe has demonstrated that a 
tribe has jurisdiction within the Eastern Kern ozone nonattainment 
area, and thus, this proposed rule does not have tribal implications 
and will not impose substantial direct costs on tribal governments or 
preempt tribal law as specified by Executive Order 13175.
    This proposed action also does not have federalism implications 
because it does not have substantial direct effects on the states, on 
the relationship between the national government and the states, nor on 
the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels 
of government, as specified in Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, 
August 10, 1999). This proposed action does not alter the relationship 
or the distribution of power and responsibilities established in the 
CAA.
    This proposed rule also is not subject to Executive Order 13045, 
``Protection of Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety 
Risks'' (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997), because the EPA interprets 
Executive Order 13045 as applying only to those regulatory actions that 
concern health or safety risks, such that the analysis required under 
section 5-501 of the Executive Order has the potential to influence the 
regulation.
    As this proposal would set a deadline for the submittal of CAA 
required plans and information, the requirements of section 12(d) of 
the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 
272 note) do not apply. This proposed rule does not impose an 
information collection burden under the provisions of the Paperwork 
Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.).
    Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994) establishes 
federal executive policy on environmental justice. Its main provision 
directs federal agencies, to the greatest extent practicable and 
permitted by law, to make environmental justice part of their mission 
by identifying and addressing, as appropriate, disproportionately high 
and adverse human health or environmental effects of their programs, 
policies, and activities on minority populations and low-income 
populations in the United States. The EPA believes that this action, 
which addresses the timing for the submittal of Severe area ozone 
planning requirements, does not have disproportionately high and 
adverse human health or environmental health effects on minority 
populations, low-income populations and/or indigenous peoples, as 
specified in Executive Order 12898.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by 
reference, Intergovernmental relations, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, 
Volatile organic compounds.

    Dated: May 27, 2021.
Deborah Jordan,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region IX.
[FR Doc. 2021-11706 Filed 6-4-21; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.