Air Plan Approval; Maryland; Baltimore Area Base Year Inventory for the 2015 Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards, 29222-29227 [2021-11441]
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List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
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Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Intergovernmental relations,
Particulate Matter, Pollution.
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Dated: May 24, 2021.
Deborah Jordan,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region IX.
[FR Doc. 2021–11395 Filed 5–28–21; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA–R03–OAR–2021–0017; FRL–10023–
69–Region 3]
Air Plan Approval; Maryland; Baltimore
Area Base Year Inventory for the 2015
Ozone National Ambient Air Quality
Standards
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
AGENCY:
The Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) is proposing to approve a
state implementation plan (SIP) revision
submitted by the State of Maryland.
This revision consists of the base year
inventory for the Baltimore, Maryland
marginal nonattainment area (Baltimore
Area) for the 2015 ozone national
ambient air quality standards (NAAQS).
This action is being taken under the
Clean Air Act (CAA).
DATES: Written comments must be
received on or before July 1, 2021.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments,
identified by Docket ID No. EPA–R03–
OAR–2021–0017 at https://
www.regulations.gov, or via email to
David.Talley@epa.gov. For comments
submitted at Regulations.gov, follow the
online instructions for submitting
comments. Once submitted, comments
cannot be edited or removed from
Regulations.gov. For either manner of
submission, EPA may publish any
comment received to its public docket.
Do not submit electronically any
information you consider to be
confidential business information (CBI)
or other information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute. Multimedia
submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be
accompanied by a written comment.
The written comment is considered the
official comment and should include
discussion of all points you wish to
make. EPA will generally not consider
comments or comment contents located
outside of the primary submission (i.e.,
on the web, cloud, or other file sharing
system). For additional submission
methods, please contact the person
identified in the FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT section. For the
full EPA public comment policy,
information about CBI or multimedia
submissions, and general guidance on
making effective comments, please visit
https://www.epa.gov/dockets/
commenting-epa-dockets.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Serena Nichols, Planning &
Implementation Branch (3AD30), Air &
SUMMARY:
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Radiation Division, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Region III, 1650
Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
19103. The telephone number is (215)
814–2053. Ms. Nichols can also be
reached via electronic mail at
Nichols.Serena@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: On July
30, 2020, the Maryland Department of
the Environment (MDE), on behalf of the
State of Maryland, submitted a revision
to the Maryland SIP entitled, ‘‘2015 8Hour Ozone NAAQS (0.070 ppm)
Marginal Area State Implementation
Plan for the Baltimore, MD
Nonattainment Area, SIP #20–08.’’ This
SIP revision, referred to in this
rulemaking action as the ‘‘Baltimore
base year inventory SIP,’’ addresses the
base year inventory requirement for the
2015 ozone NAAQS.
I. Background
On October 1, 2015, EPA strengthened
the 8-hour ozone NAAQS, lowering the
level of the NAAQS from 0.075 ppm
parts per million (ppm) to 0.070 ppm.
80 FR 65292 (October 26, 2015).
Effective August 3, 2018, EPA
designated the Baltimore Area,
consisting of Anne Arundel, Baltimore,
Carroll, Harford, and Howard Counties
and the City of Baltimore, all in
Maryland, as marginal nonattainment
for the 2015 ozone NAAQS. 83 FR
25776 (June 4, 2018). CAA section
182(a)(1) requires ozone nonattainment
areas classified as marginal or above to
submit a comprehensive, accurate,
current inventory of actual emissions
from all emissions sources in the
nonattainment area, known as a ‘‘base
year inventory.’’ The Baltimore base
year inventory SIP addresses a base year
inventory requirement for the Baltimore
Area.
II. Summary of SIP Revision and EPA
Analysis
A. EPA’s Evaluation of the Baltimore
Base Year Inventory SIP
EPA’s review of Maryland’s base year
inventory SIP for the Baltimore Area
indicates that it meets the base year
inventory requirements for the 2015
ozone NAAQS. As required by 40 CFR
51.1315(a), MDE selected 2017 for the
base year inventory, which is consistent
with the baseline year for the reasonable
further progress (RFP) plan because it is
the year of the most recent triennial
inventory. MDE included actual ozone
season emissions, pursuant to 40 CFR
51.1315(c).
EPA prepared a Technical Support
Document (TSD) in support of this
rulemaking. In that TSD, EPA reviewed
the results, procedures, and
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methodologies for the SIP base year, and
found them to be acceptable and
developed in accordance with EPA’s
technical guidance. The TSD is
available online at https://
www.regulations.gov, Docket ID No.
EPA–R03–OAR–2021–0017.
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B. Base Year Inventory Requirements
In EPA’s December 6, 2018 (83 FR
62998) rule, ‘‘Implementation of the
2015 National Ambient Air Quality
Standards for Ozone: Nonattainment
Area State Implementation Plan
Requirements,’’ known as the ‘‘SIP
Requirements Rule,’’ EPA set out
nonattainment area requirements for the
2015 ozone NAAQS. The SIP
Requirements Rule established base year
inventory requirement, which were
codified at 40 CFR 51.1315. As required
by 40 CFR 51.1315(a), each 2015 ozone
nonattainment area to submit a base
year inventory within 2 years of
designation, i.e., by no later than August
3, 2020.
Also, 40 CFR 51.1315(a) requires that
the inventory year be selected consistent
with the baseline year for the RFP plan
as required by 40 CFR 51.1310(b), which
states that the baseline emissions
inventory shall be the emissions
inventory for the most recent calendar
year for which a complete triennial
inventory is required to be submitted to
EPA under the provisions of subpart A
of 40 CFR 51, Air Emissions Reporting
Requirements, 40 CFR 51.1–50. The
most recent triennial inventory year
conducted for the National Emissions
Inventory (NEI) pursuant to the Air
Emissions Reporting Requirements
(AERR) rule is 2017. 73 FR 76539
(December 17, 2008). Maryland selected
2017 as their baseline emissions
inventory year for RFP. This selection
comports with EPA’s implementation
regulations for the 2015 ozone NAAQS
because 2017 is the inventory year. 40
CFR 51.1310(b).1 Further, 40 CFR
51.1315(c) requires emissions values
included in the base year inventory to
be actual ozone season day emissions as
defined by 40 CFR 51.1300(q), which
sates: Ozone season day emissions
means an average day’s emissions for a
typical ozone season work weekday.
The state shall select, subject to EPA
approval, the particular month(s) in the
ozone season and the day(s) in the work
1 On January 29, 2021, the Court of Appeals for
the D.C. Circuit issued its decision regarding
multiple challenges to EPA’s implementation rule
for the 2015 ozone NAAQS which included, among
other things, upholding this provision allowing
states to use an alternative baseline year for RFP.
Sierra Club v. EPA, No. 15–1465 (D.C. Cir.)
(mandate not yet issued). The other provisions of
EPA’s ozone implantation rule at issue in the case
are not relevant for this rulemaking.
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week to be represented, considering the
conditions assumed in the development
of RFP plans and/or emissions budgets
for transportation conformity.
C. Baltimore Base Year Inventory SIP
The Baltimore base year inventory SIP
contains an explanation of MDE’s 2017
base year emissions inventory for
Baltimore (2017 Baltimore BYE) for
stationary, non-point, non-road, and onroad anthropogenic sources, as well as
biogenic sources, in the Baltimore Area.
MDE estimated anthropogenic
emissions for volatile organic
compound (VOC), nitrogen oxide (NOX),
and carbon monoxide (CO) for a typical
ozone season workweek day.
MDE developed the 2017 Baltimore
BYE with the following source
categories of anthropogenic emissions
sources: Point, quasi-point, non-point,
non-road, on-road, biogenic, and
commercial marine vessels, airport, and
railroad emissions sources (MAR).
Appendix A of the Baltimore base year
inventory SIP, 2017 Base Year SIP
Emissions Inventory Methodologies
(Appendix A), sets out the
methodologies MDE used to develop its
base year inventory.2
1. Point Sources
Point sources are larger sources that
are located at a fixed, stationary
location. As defined by the AERR in 40
CFR 51.50, point sources are large,
stationary (non-mobile), identifiable
sources of emissions that release
pollutants into the atmosphere. A point
source is a facility that is a major source
under 40 CFR part 70 for one or more
of the pollutants for which reporting is
required by 40 CFR 51.15 (a)(1). These
point sources can be associated with a
single point or group of points in space.
Examples of point source emissions
categories include power plants,
industrial boilers, petroleum refineries,
cement plants, and other industrial
plants.
As stated in Appendix A, for the 2017
Baltimore BYE, MDE defined a point
source located within a designated
ozone nonattainment area as a
stationary commercial or industrial
facility that operations and emits more
than 10 tons per year (tpy) of VOC; or
25 tons per year of NOX; or a 100 tpy
of CO, sulfur oxides (SOX), particulate
matter with an aerodynamic diameter
2 The Appendix A—2017 Base Year SIP Emission
Inventory Methodologies, submitted with the 2015
8-Hour Ozone NAAQS Marginal Area State
Implementation Plan for the Baltimore, MD
Nonattainment Area is included in the docket for
this rulemaking available online at https://
www.regulations.gov, Docket ID: EPA–R03–OAR–
2021–0017.
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less than 10 micrometers (PM10),
diameter less than 2.5 micrometers
(PM2.5), and total suspended particulates
(TSP).
In Appendix A, MDE explains that it
used several methods of source
identification to ensure the point source
inventory is as complete as possible.
MDE’s primary data source is its
permitting program. MDE’s compliance
program identifies other point sources
though facility inspections and
investigations. In addition, facilities are
required by Maryland’s emissions
statement regulations, Code of Maryland
Regulations (COMAR) 26.11.01.05–1
and 26.11.02.19D to certify the air
emissions for the past calendar year.
The certified emissions are used for
inventory and planning purposes.
MDE’s Air and Radiation Management
Administration (ARMA) developed the
point source data for the 2017 base year
inventory. The point source inventory
contains emissions for electric
generating units (EGU) and Non-EGU
sources in the nonattainment area
(NAA). EPA guidance for emissions
inventory development provides that
ozone season day emissions are used for
the base year inventory for the NAA.
ARMA developed their 2017 inventory
by using emissions directly reported to
the agency by facilities as required by
Maryland air quality regulations. These
emissions are also reported to EPA, and
after going through EPA’s quality
assurance (QA) and quality control (QC)
process, are included in EPA’s National
Emissions Inventory (NEI). The
emissions for this base year can be
found in EPA’s 2017 NEI.3
2. Quasi-Point Sources
MDE defines quasi-point sources as
that are generally considered part of the
non-point or non-road emissions sectors
but are included in the point source
emissions inventory for a particular
reason. In Appendix A, MDE states that
such reasons include Federal guidance,
as in the case of certain airports, or to
facilitate future general conformity
determinations, as in the case of
military bases, ports, and other similar
facilities. EPA has reviewed the source
categories included in the quasi-point
sources and has found this to be a
reasonable approach to handle these
sources.
3 The TSD for the Base Year Inventory Submitted
with the 2015 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS Marginal Area
State Implementation Plan for the Baltimore, MD
Nonattainment Area, included in the docket for this
rulemaking available online at https://
www.regulations.gov, Docket ID: EPA–R03–OAR–
2021–0017.
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3. Non-Point Sources
Non-point sources are also called
‘‘area sources.’’ These sources
collectively represent individual
sources of emissions that have not been
inventoried as specific point or mobile
sources. These individual sources
treated collectively as non-point sources
are typically too small, numerous, or
difficult to inventory using the methods
for the other classes of sources.
Non-point sources that MDE
evaluated for the 2017 Baltimore BYE
include petroleum distribution losses
(e.g., tank truck unloading and auto
refueling), stationary source solvent
application (e.g., dry cleaners, auto
refinishing), bioprocess emissions
sources (bakeries, breweries, wineries,
distilleries), catastrophic/accidental
releases (e.g., oil spills), solid waste
disposal treatment, and recovery (e.g.,
open burning), small stationary source
fossil fuel use (e.g., small utility boilers),
fugitive sources (e.g., construction
activity and unpaved roads), fire sources
(e.g., agricultural burning and vehicle
fires), and ammonia sources (e.g.,
agricultural livestock production
operations). Appendix A sets out the
methodologies MDE used to estimate
emissions for each of these non-point
source categories. These methods are
consistent with the most recent EPA
emission inventory guidance.
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4. Non-Road Mobile Sources
Non-road mobile sources are also
called ‘‘off-highway’’ mobile sources.
These are defined as a non-road engine
or non-road vehicle. As per 40 CFR
51.50, a non-road engine is an internal
combustion engine (including the fuel
system) that is not used in an on-road
motor vehicle or a vehicle used solely
for competition, or that is not affected
by sections 111 or 202 of the CAA. Also
defined by 40 CFR 51.50, a non-road
vehicle (rather than engine) is a vehicle
that is run by a non-road engine and
that is not an on-road motor vehicle or
a vehicle used solely for competition.
Examples of non-road mobile sources
include airport ground support
equipment, agricultural and
construction equipment powered by an
internal combustion engine, and lawn
and garden engines and equipment.
As explained in Appendix A,
consistent with EPA’s Emission
Inventory Guidance for Implementation
of Ozone and Particulate Matter NAAQS
and Regional Haze Regulations, MDE
used the most current version of EPA’s
NONROAD2008a model, which is
incorporated into EPA’s Motor Vehicle
Emission Simulator (MOVES) model,
specifically MOVES2014a, to develop
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the inventory for non-road mobile
sources. The NONROAD2008a model
includes more than 80 basic and 260
specific types of non-road equipment
and further stratifies equipment types
by horsepower rating. Fuel types
include gasoline, diesel, compressed
natural gas (CNG), and liquefied
petroleum gas (LPG).
5. Marine Vessels, Airport, Railroad
Locomotives (MAR) Sources
MAR is a non-road sub-category. MDE
states in its Baltimore base year
inventory SIP that, for MAR sources,
MDE calculated emissions by collecting
data directly from surveyed sources, or
activity from state and federal reporting
agencies. To develop the commercial
marine vehicle emissions for the base
year, Maryland used EPA’s 2016 beta
modeling platform. This platform was
used because it provided the most
recent descriptions and methodologies
for calculation of marine vessel
emissions. To estimate emissions for
aircraft, Maryland used airport activity
statistics from the Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), landing and
takeoff cycle information from the
Maryland Aviation Administration, and
statewide survey information for
landing and takeoffs, engine type,
location, and usage data. Railroad
emission estimates were developed
using activity and fuel consumption
estimates collected from the rail
companies and proportioned to each
county by the amount of track miles
each company utilized in a county.
MDE applied EPA emission factors
using EPA guidance and methodologies
or the best engineering method. These
methods of calculating emissions are
consistent with the most recent EPA
emission inventory guidance.4 Details of
the development of emissions for these
sources along with other non-road
model sources are provided in
Appendix A of Maryland’s July 30, 2020
submittal.
6. On-Road Mobile Sources
On-road mobile sources are also
called ‘‘highway mobile sources.’’ These
sources are the motor vehicles (e.g.,
automobiles, buses, trucks) traveling on
local and highway roads. On-road
mobile sources should be estimated by
the latest recommended on-road mobile
source models. Currently, that means
4 Emission Inventory Guidance for
Implementation of Ozone and Particulate Matter
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
and Regional Haze Regulations, Page 130, included
in the docket for this rulemaking available online
at https://www.regulations.gov, Docket ID: EPA–
R03–OAR–2021–0017 PG 130.
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EPA’s MOVES model for all states but
California.
In addition to emissions from
vehicles’ exhaust, the MOVES model
estimates evaporative emissions for
mobile sources, which must be included
in the inventory. Volatile hydrocarbons
evaporate from the fuel system while a
vehicle is refueling, parked, or driving.
Evaporative processes differ from
exhaust emissions because they don’t
directly involve combustion, which is
the main process driving exhaust
emissions.
As stated in Appendix A, MDE used
EPA’s MOVES2014a model to estimate
the 2017 annual emissions as well as
2017 daily emissions from on-road
vehicles and total energy consumption
in Maryland. Emissions were estimated
based on emission factors and vehicle
activity. Emission factors for vehicles
were based on vehicle type such as
passenger cars, passenger trucks, vehicle
age and the vehicle’s operating modes.
Operating modes for running, start, and
idle emissions are included in MOVES.
The emission factors varied over a range
of conditions, such as the ambient air
temperature, speed, traffic conditions,
road types, road topography, etc. The
generated emission factors were then
multiplied by the appropriate vehicle
miles traveled (VMT) to estimate
emission.
In order to estimate both the rate at
which emissions are being generated
and to calculate VMT, MDE examined
its road network and fleet to estimate
vehicle activity. For the annual
inventories, this was done for each of
the twelve months in 2017 and
aggregated for the entire year. MDE used
computer models to perform these
calculations by simulating the travel of
vehicles on the Maryland’s roadway
system.
EPA has reviewed the results,
procedures, and methodologies for the
SIP base year, as well as comparing the
inventory with previously QA/QC’d
data in EPA’s 2017 NEI for any data
discrepancies and found none. EPA has
therefore determined the base year
inventory to be acceptable and
developed in accordance with EPA’s
technical guidance.
7. Biogenic Emissions
MDE also inventoried biogenic
emissions, which are not included in
the anthropogenic total. Biogenic
emissions come from natural sources,
including vegetation, soils, volcanic
emissions, lightning, and sea salt. They
need to be accounted for in
photochemical grid models, as most
types are widespread and ubiquitous
contributors to background formation of
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ozone. However, they are not included
in the RFP baseline.
Biogenic emissions are typically
computed using a model which utilizes
spatial information on vegetation and
land use and environmental conditions
of temperature and solar radiation. The
model inputs are typically horizontally
allocated (gridded) data, and the outputs
are gridded biogenic emissions which
can then be speciated and utilized as
input to photochemical grid models. In
Appendix A, MDE explains that it used
the data files created and made available
by EPA. MDE computed biogenic
emissions with a modified version of
EPA’s Biogenic Emission Inventory
System (BEIS) model that utilized
county land use data from EPA’s land
use inventory and temperature and
cloud cover data from the National
Weather Service. This method is
acceptable under EPA’s emission
inventory guidance.5
8. Emissions Summary
The Baltimore base year inventory SIP
contains a summary of 2017 ozone
season day emissions by source
category, which is presented in Table 1
of this document. Tables 2 through 7 of
this document present the 2017
Baltimore BYE by source category and
county. In the Baltimore base year
inventory SIP, MDE notes that the
biogenic emissions in Table 1 are taken
from EPA’s NEI 2014 database. Total
biogenic emissions for July 2014 were
divided by 31 days to develop average
ozone season day emissions for each
jurisdiction in the Baltimore Area and
then added together to develop the
Baltimore Area total.
TABLE 1—2017 BALTIMORE BYE SUMMARY
[Tons per ozone season day]
Source category
VOC
NOX
CO
Point .........................................................................................................................................................
Quasi-Point ..............................................................................................................................................
Non-Point .................................................................................................................................................
Non-Road .................................................................................................................................................
MAR .........................................................................................................................................................
On-Road Mobile .......................................................................................................................................
5.729
1.310
72.233
21.314
0.930
25.860
47.530
7.274
10.931
13.164
7.440
53.720
18.902
6.549
26.954
330.888
3.848
365.010
Anthropogenic Total .........................................................................................................................
Biogenic ...................................................................................................................................................
127.379
227.640
140.060
2.740
752.152
24.550
NOX
CO
TABLE 2—2017 BALTIMORE BYE POINT SOURCE EMISSIONS
[Tons per ozone season day]
County name
VOC
Anne Arundel County ..............................................................................................................................
Baltimore County .....................................................................................................................................
Carroll County ..........................................................................................................................................
Harford County ........................................................................................................................................
Howard County ........................................................................................................................................
Baltimore City ..........................................................................................................................................
0.885
0.876
0.390
0.471
1.036
2.070
13.079
11.531
8.342
3.110
1.266
10.202
5.523
2.788
5.568
0.422
0.920
3.682
Baltimore Area Total .........................................................................................................................
5.729
47.530
18.900
TABLE 3—2017 BALTIMORE BYE QUASI-POINT SOURCE EMISSIONS
[Tons per ozone season day]
County name
VOC
Anne Arundel County ..............................................................................................................................
Baltimore County .....................................................................................................................................
Carroll County ..........................................................................................................................................
Harford County ........................................................................................................................................
Howard County ........................................................................................................................................
Baltimore City ..........................................................................................................................................
Baltimore Area Total .........................................................................................................................
NOX
CO
0.793
4.009
4.554
0.451
2.451
1.634
0.066
0.815
0.361
1.310
7.274
6.549
TABLE 4—2017 BALTIMORE BYE NON-POINT SOURCE EMISSIONS
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[Tons per ozone season day]
County name
VOC
Anne Arundel County ..............................................................................................................................
Baltimore County .....................................................................................................................................
Carroll County ..........................................................................................................................................
5 Emission Inventory Guidance for
Implementation of Ozone and Particulate Matter
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
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and Regional Haze Regulations, Page 100, included
in the docket for this rulemaking available online
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16.532
20.168
4.810
NOX
2.090
3.200
0.595
CO
2.836
4.206
2.922
at https://www.regulations.gov, Docket ID: EPA–
R03–OAR–2021–0017 PG 130.
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TABLE 4—2017 BALTIMORE BYE NON-POINT SOURCE EMISSIONS—Continued
[Tons per ozone season day]
County name
VOC
NOX
CO
Harford County ........................................................................................................................................
Howard County ........................................................................................................................................
Baltimore City ..........................................................................................................................................
9.111
7.745
13.867
1.007
1.375
2.665
12.685
1.617
2.689
Baltimore Area Total .........................................................................................................................
72.233
10.931
26.954
TABLE 5—2017 BALTIMORE BYE NON-ROAD SOURCE EMISSIONS
[Tons per ozone season day]
County name
VOC
NOX
CO
Anne Arundel County ..............................................................................................................................
Baltimore County .....................................................................................................................................
Carroll County ..........................................................................................................................................
Harford County ........................................................................................................................................
Howard County ........................................................................................................................................
Baltimore City ..........................................................................................................................................
5.818
6.421
1.572
2.645
2.712
2.145
3.263
4.725
0.980
1.590
1.500
1.107
80.901
102.577
26.043
30.234
53.191
37.943
Baltimore Area Total .........................................................................................................................
21.314
13.164
330.888
TABLE 6—2017 BALTIMORE BYE MAR SOURCE EMISSIONS
[Tons per ozone season day]
County name
VOC
NOX
CO
Anne Arundel County ..............................................................................................................................
Baltimore County .....................................................................................................................................
Carroll County ..........................................................................................................................................
Harford County ........................................................................................................................................
Howard County ........................................................................................................................................
Baltimore City * ........................................................................................................................................
0.113
0.634
0.027
0.031
0.013
0.112
1.623
2.277
0.188
0.469
0.302
2.582
0.776
1.833
0.497
0.321
0.075
0.348
Baltimore Area Total .........................................................................................................................
0.930
7.440
3.848
* Emissions from marine vessels at the Port of Baltimore are included here.
TABLE 7—2017 BALTIMORE BYE MOBILE SOURCE EMISSIONS
[Tons per ozone season day]
County name
NOX
CO
Anne Arundel County ..............................................................................................................................
Baltimore County .....................................................................................................................................
Carroll County ..........................................................................................................................................
Harford County ........................................................................................................................................
Howard County ........................................................................................................................................
Baltimore City ..........................................................................................................................................
6.17
8.12
2.13
2.73
3.12
3.60
12.33
17.72
3.10
5.26
8.21
7.10
85.88
117.58
21.86
35.31
54.20
50.18
Baltimore Area Total .........................................................................................................................
25.86
53.72
365.01
III. Proposed Action
jbell on DSKJLSW7X2PROD with PROPOSALS
VOC
EPA’s review of this material
indicates the Baltimore base year
inventory SIP meets the base year
inventory requirement for the 2015
ozone NAAQS for the Baltimore Area.
Therefore, EPA is proposing to approve
the Baltimore base year inventory SIP,
which was submitted on July 30, 2020.
EPA is soliciting public comments on
the issues discussed in this document.
These comments will be considered
before taking final action.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
17:16 May 28, 2021
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IV. Statutory and Executive Order
Reviews
Under the CAA, the Administrator is
required to approve a SIP submission
that complies with the provisions of the
CAA and applicable Federal regulations.
42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a).
Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions,
EPA’s role is to approve state choices,
provided that they meet the criteria of
the CAA. Accordingly, this action
merely approves state law as meeting
Federal requirements and does not
impose additional requirements beyond
PO 00000
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Sfmt 4702
those imposed by state law. For that
reason, this proposed action:
• Is not a ‘‘significant regulatory
action’’ subject to review by the Office
of Management and Budget under
Executive Orders 12866 (58 FR 51735,
October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821,
January 21, 2011);
• Does not impose an information
collection burden under the provisions
of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44
U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
• Is certified as not having a
significant economic impact on a
E:\FR\FM\01JNP1.SGM
01JNP1
Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 103 / Tuesday, June 1, 2021 / Proposed Rules
substantial number of small entities
under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5
U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
• Does not contain any unfunded
mandate or significantly or uniquely
affect small governments, as described
in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4);
• Does not have Federalism
implications as specified in Executive
Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10,
1999);
• Is not an economically significant
regulatory action based on health or
safety risks subject to Executive Order
13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997);
• Is not a significant regulatory action
subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR
28355, May 22, 2001);
• Is not subject to requirements of
section 12(d) of the National
Technology Transfer and Advancement
Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because
application of those requirements would
be inconsistent with the CAA; and
• Does not provide EPA with the
discretionary authority to address, as
appropriate, disproportionate human
health or environmental effects, using
practicable and legally permissible
methods, under Executive Order 12898
(59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
In addition, this proposed
rulemaking, proposing to approve
Maryland’s base year inventory SIP for
the 2015 ozone NAAQS, does not have
tribal implications as specified by
Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249,
November 9, 2000), because the SIP is
not approved to apply in Indian country
located in the State, and EPA notes that
it will not impose substantial direct
costs on tribal governments or preempt
tribal law.
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Carbon monoxide,
Incorporation by reference,
Intergovernmental relations, Ozone,
Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Nitrogen dioxide, Volatile
organic compounds.
Dated: May 19, 2021.
Diana Esher,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region III.
[FR Doc. 2021–11441 Filed 5–28–21; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA–R09–OAR–2021–0333; FRL–10023–
88–Region 9]
Air Plan Limited Approval and Limited
Disapproval, California; Mojave Desert
Air Quality Management District
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
AGENCY:
The Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) is proposing a limited
approval and limited disapproval of
revisions to the Mojave Desert Air
Quality Management District’s
(MDAQMD or District) portion of the
California State Implementation Plan
(SIP). This revision concerns oxides of
nitrogen (NOX) emissions from
stationary internal combustion engines.
We are proposing action on a local rule
that regulates these emission sources
under the Clean Air Act (CAA or the
Act). We are taking comments on this
proposal and plan to follow with a final
action.
DATES: Comments must be received on
or before July 1, 2021.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments,
identified by Docket ID No. EPA–R09–
OAR–2021–0333 at https://
www.regulations.gov. For comments
submitted at Regulations.gov, follow the
online instructions for submitting
comments. Once submitted, comments
cannot be edited or removed from
Regulations.gov. The EPA may publish
any comment received to its public
docket. Do not submit electronically any
information you consider to be
Confidential Business Information (CBI)
or other information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute. Multimedia
submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be
SUMMARY:
29227
accompanied by a written comment.
The written comment is considered the
official comment and should include
discussion of all points you wish to
make. The EPA will generally not
consider comments or comment
contents located outside of the primary
submission (i.e. on the web, cloud, or
other file sharing system). For
additional submission methods, please
contact the person identified in the FOR
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
For the full EPA public comment policy,
information about CBI or multimedia
submissions, and general guidance on
making effective comments, please visit
https://www.epa.gov/dockets/
commenting-epa-dockets. If you need
assistance in a language other than
English or if you are a person with
disabilities who needs a reasonable
accommodation at no cost to you, please
contact the person identified in the FOR
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Kevin Gong, EPA Region IX, 75
Hawthorne St., San Francisco, CA
94105. By phone: (415) 972–3073 or by
email at gong.kevin@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Throughout this document, ‘‘we,’’ ‘‘us’’
and ‘‘our’’ refer to the EPA.
Table of Contents
I. The State’s Submittal
A. What rule did the State submit?
B. Are there other versions of this rule?
C. What is the purpose of the submitted
rule revision?
II. The EPA’s Evaluation and Action
A. How is the EPA evaluating the rule?
B. Does the rule meet the evaluation
criteria?
C. What are the rule deficiencies?
D. Proposed Action and Public Comment
III. Incorporation by Reference
IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
I. The State’s Submittal
A. What rule did the State submit?
Table 1 lists the rule addressed by this
proposal with the dates that it was
adopted by the MDAQMD and
submitted by the California Air
Resources Board.
jbell on DSKJLSW7X2PROD with PROPOSALS
TABLE 1—SUBMITTED RULE
Rule No.
Rule title
1160 ...............
Internal Combustion Engines ......................................................................................................
On November 23, 2018 the submittal
for MDAQMD Rule 1160 was deemed by
operation of law to meet the
completeness criteria in 40 CFR part 51
VerDate Sep<11>2014
17:16 May 28, 2021
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Amended
Appendix V, which must be met before
formal EPA review.
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01/22/2018
Submitted
05/23/2018
B. Are there other versions of this rule?
We approved an earlier version of
Rule 1160 into the SIP on November 1,
1996 (61 FR 56470).
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]]>Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 86, Number 103 (Tuesday, June 1, 2021)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 29222-29227]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2021-11441]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA-R03-OAR-2021-0017; FRL-10023-69-Region 3]
Air Plan Approval; Maryland; Baltimore Area Base Year Inventory
for the 2015 Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to
approve a state implementation plan (SIP) revision submitted by the
State of Maryland. This revision consists of the base year inventory
for the Baltimore, Maryland marginal nonattainment area (Baltimore
Area) for the 2015 ozone national ambient air quality standards
(NAAQS). This action is being taken under the Clean Air Act (CAA).
DATES: Written comments must be received on or before July 1, 2021.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R03-
OAR-2021-0017 at https://www.regulations.gov, or via email to
[email protected]. For comments submitted at Regulations.gov, follow
the online instructions for submitting comments. Once submitted,
comments cannot be edited or removed from Regulations.gov. For either
manner of submission, EPA may publish any comment received to its
public docket. Do not submit electronically any information you
consider to be confidential business information (CBI) or other
information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Multimedia
submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be accompanied by a written
comment. The written comment is considered the official comment and
should include discussion of all points you wish to make. EPA will
generally not consider comments or comment contents located outside of
the primary submission (i.e., on the web, cloud, or other file sharing
system). For additional submission methods, please contact the person
identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. For the full
EPA public comment policy, information about CBI or multimedia
submissions, and general guidance on making effective comments, please
visit https://www.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Serena Nichols, Planning &
Implementation Branch (3AD30), Air & Radiation Division, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Region III, 1650 Arch Street,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103. The telephone number is (215) 814-
2053. Ms. Nichols can also be reached via electronic mail at
[email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: On July 30, 2020, the Maryland Department of
the Environment (MDE), on behalf of the State of Maryland, submitted a
revision to the Maryland SIP entitled, ``2015 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS (0.070
ppm) Marginal Area State Implementation Plan for the Baltimore, MD
Nonattainment Area, SIP #20-08.'' This SIP revision, referred to in
this rulemaking action as the ``Baltimore base year inventory SIP,''
addresses the base year inventory requirement for the 2015 ozone NAAQS.
I. Background
On October 1, 2015, EPA strengthened the 8-hour ozone NAAQS,
lowering the level of the NAAQS from 0.075 ppm parts per million (ppm)
to 0.070 ppm. 80 FR 65292 (October 26, 2015). Effective August 3, 2018,
EPA designated the Baltimore Area, consisting of Anne Arundel,
Baltimore, Carroll, Harford, and Howard Counties and the City of
Baltimore, all in Maryland, as marginal nonattainment for the 2015
ozone NAAQS. 83 FR 25776 (June 4, 2018). CAA section 182(a)(1) requires
ozone nonattainment areas classified as marginal or above to submit a
comprehensive, accurate, current inventory of actual emissions from all
emissions sources in the nonattainment area, known as a ``base year
inventory.'' The Baltimore base year inventory SIP addresses a base
year inventory requirement for the Baltimore Area.
II. Summary of SIP Revision and EPA Analysis
A. EPA's Evaluation of the Baltimore Base Year Inventory SIP
EPA's review of Maryland's base year inventory SIP for the
Baltimore Area indicates that it meets the base year inventory
requirements for the 2015 ozone NAAQS. As required by 40 CFR
51.1315(a), MDE selected 2017 for the base year inventory, which is
consistent with the baseline year for the reasonable further progress
(RFP) plan because it is the year of the most recent triennial
inventory. MDE included actual ozone season emissions, pursuant to 40
CFR 51.1315(c).
EPA prepared a Technical Support Document (TSD) in support of this
rulemaking. In that TSD, EPA reviewed the results, procedures, and
[[Page 29223]]
methodologies for the SIP base year, and found them to be acceptable
and developed in accordance with EPA's technical guidance. The TSD is
available online at https://www.regulations.gov, Docket ID No. EPA-R03-
OAR-2021-0017.
B. Base Year Inventory Requirements
In EPA's December 6, 2018 (83 FR 62998) rule, ``Implementation of
the 2015 National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Ozone:
Nonattainment Area State Implementation Plan Requirements,'' known as
the ``SIP Requirements Rule,'' EPA set out nonattainment area
requirements for the 2015 ozone NAAQS. The SIP Requirements Rule
established base year inventory requirement, which were codified at 40
CFR 51.1315. As required by 40 CFR 51.1315(a), each 2015 ozone
nonattainment area to submit a base year inventory within 2 years of
designation, i.e., by no later than August 3, 2020.
Also, 40 CFR 51.1315(a) requires that the inventory year be
selected consistent with the baseline year for the RFP plan as required
by 40 CFR 51.1310(b), which states that the baseline emissions
inventory shall be the emissions inventory for the most recent calendar
year for which a complete triennial inventory is required to be
submitted to EPA under the provisions of subpart A of 40 CFR 51, Air
Emissions Reporting Requirements, 40 CFR 51.1-50. The most recent
triennial inventory year conducted for the National Emissions Inventory
(NEI) pursuant to the Air Emissions Reporting Requirements (AERR) rule
is 2017. 73 FR 76539 (December 17, 2008). Maryland selected 2017 as
their baseline emissions inventory year for RFP. This selection
comports with EPA's implementation regulations for the 2015 ozone NAAQS
because 2017 is the inventory year. 40 CFR 51.1310(b).\1\ Further, 40
CFR 51.1315(c) requires emissions values included in the base year
inventory to be actual ozone season day emissions as defined by 40 CFR
51.1300(q), which sates: Ozone season day emissions means an average
day's emissions for a typical ozone season work weekday. The state
shall select, subject to EPA approval, the particular month(s) in the
ozone season and the day(s) in the work week to be represented,
considering the conditions assumed in the development of RFP plans and/
or emissions budgets for transportation conformity.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ On January 29, 2021, the Court of Appeals for the D.C.
Circuit issued its decision regarding multiple challenges to EPA's
implementation rule for the 2015 ozone NAAQS which included, among
other things, upholding this provision allowing states to use an
alternative baseline year for RFP. Sierra Club v. EPA, No. 15-1465
(D.C. Cir.) (mandate not yet issued). The other provisions of EPA's
ozone implantation rule at issue in the case are not relevant for
this rulemaking.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
C. Baltimore Base Year Inventory SIP
The Baltimore base year inventory SIP contains an explanation of
MDE's 2017 base year emissions inventory for Baltimore (2017 Baltimore
BYE) for stationary, non-point, non-road, and on-road anthropogenic
sources, as well as biogenic sources, in the Baltimore Area. MDE
estimated anthropogenic emissions for volatile organic compound (VOC),
nitrogen oxide (NOX), and carbon monoxide (CO) for a typical
ozone season workweek day.
MDE developed the 2017 Baltimore BYE with the following source
categories of anthropogenic emissions sources: Point, quasi-point, non-
point, non-road, on-road, biogenic, and commercial marine vessels,
airport, and railroad emissions sources (MAR). Appendix A of the
Baltimore base year inventory SIP, 2017 Base Year SIP Emissions
Inventory Methodologies (Appendix A), sets out the methodologies MDE
used to develop its base year inventory.\2\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ The Appendix A--2017 Base Year SIP Emission Inventory
Methodologies, submitted with the 2015 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS Marginal
Area State Implementation Plan for the Baltimore, MD Nonattainment
Area is included in the docket for this rulemaking available online
at https://www.regulations.gov, Docket ID: EPA-R03-OAR-2021-0017.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Point Sources
Point sources are larger sources that are located at a fixed,
stationary location. As defined by the AERR in 40 CFR 51.50, point
sources are large, stationary (non-mobile), identifiable sources of
emissions that release pollutants into the atmosphere. A point source
is a facility that is a major source under 40 CFR part 70 for one or
more of the pollutants for which reporting is required by 40 CFR 51.15
(a)(1). These point sources can be associated with a single point or
group of points in space. Examples of point source emissions categories
include power plants, industrial boilers, petroleum refineries, cement
plants, and other industrial plants.
As stated in Appendix A, for the 2017 Baltimore BYE, MDE defined a
point source located within a designated ozone nonattainment area as a
stationary commercial or industrial facility that operations and emits
more than 10 tons per year (tpy) of VOC; or 25 tons per year of
NOX; or a 100 tpy of CO, sulfur oxides (SOX),
particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10
micrometers (PM10), diameter less than 2.5 micrometers
(PM2.5), and total suspended particulates (TSP).
In Appendix A, MDE explains that it used several methods of source
identification to ensure the point source inventory is as complete as
possible. MDE's primary data source is its permitting program. MDE's
compliance program identifies other point sources though facility
inspections and investigations. In addition, facilities are required by
Maryland's emissions statement regulations, Code of Maryland
Regulations (COMAR) 26.11.01.05-1 and 26.11.02.19D to certify the air
emissions for the past calendar year. The certified emissions are used
for inventory and planning purposes.
MDE's Air and Radiation Management Administration (ARMA) developed
the point source data for the 2017 base year inventory. The point
source inventory contains emissions for electric generating units (EGU)
and Non-EGU sources in the nonattainment area (NAA). EPA guidance for
emissions inventory development provides that ozone season day
emissions are used for the base year inventory for the NAA. ARMA
developed their 2017 inventory by using emissions directly reported to
the agency by facilities as required by Maryland air quality
regulations. These emissions are also reported to EPA, and after going
through EPA's quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) process,
are included in EPA's National Emissions Inventory (NEI). The emissions
for this base year can be found in EPA's 2017 NEI.\3\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ The TSD for the Base Year Inventory Submitted with the 2015
8-Hour Ozone NAAQS Marginal Area State Implementation Plan for the
Baltimore, MD Nonattainment Area, included in the docket for this
rulemaking available online at https://www.regulations.gov, Docket
ID: EPA-R03-OAR-2021-0017.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Quasi-Point Sources
MDE defines quasi-point sources as that are generally considered
part of the non-point or non-road emissions sectors but are included in
the point source emissions inventory for a particular reason. In
Appendix A, MDE states that such reasons include Federal guidance, as
in the case of certain airports, or to facilitate future general
conformity determinations, as in the case of military bases, ports, and
other similar facilities. EPA has reviewed the source categories
included in the quasi-point sources and has found this to be a
reasonable approach to handle these sources.
[[Page 29224]]
3. Non-Point Sources
Non-point sources are also called ``area sources.'' These sources
collectively represent individual sources of emissions that have not
been inventoried as specific point or mobile sources. These individual
sources treated collectively as non-point sources are typically too
small, numerous, or difficult to inventory using the methods for the
other classes of sources.
Non-point sources that MDE evaluated for the 2017 Baltimore BYE
include petroleum distribution losses (e.g., tank truck unloading and
auto refueling), stationary source solvent application (e.g., dry
cleaners, auto refinishing), bioprocess emissions sources (bakeries,
breweries, wineries, distilleries), catastrophic/accidental releases
(e.g., oil spills), solid waste disposal treatment, and recovery (e.g.,
open burning), small stationary source fossil fuel use (e.g., small
utility boilers), fugitive sources (e.g., construction activity and
unpaved roads), fire sources (e.g., agricultural burning and vehicle
fires), and ammonia sources (e.g., agricultural livestock production
operations). Appendix A sets out the methodologies MDE used to estimate
emissions for each of these non-point source categories. These methods
are consistent with the most recent EPA emission inventory guidance.
4. Non-Road Mobile Sources
Non-road mobile sources are also called ``off-highway'' mobile
sources. These are defined as a non-road engine or non-road vehicle. As
per 40 CFR 51.50, a non-road engine is an internal combustion engine
(including the fuel system) that is not used in an on-road motor
vehicle or a vehicle used solely for competition, or that is not
affected by sections 111 or 202 of the CAA. Also defined by 40 CFR
51.50, a non-road vehicle (rather than engine) is a vehicle that is run
by a non-road engine and that is not an on-road motor vehicle or a
vehicle used solely for competition. Examples of non-road mobile
sources include airport ground support equipment, agricultural and
construction equipment powered by an internal combustion engine, and
lawn and garden engines and equipment.
As explained in Appendix A, consistent with EPA's Emission
Inventory Guidance for Implementation of Ozone and Particulate Matter
NAAQS and Regional Haze Regulations, MDE used the most current version
of EPA's NONROAD2008a model, which is incorporated into EPA's Motor
Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES) model, specifically MOVES2014a, to
develop the inventory for non-road mobile sources. The NONROAD2008a
model includes more than 80 basic and 260 specific types of non-road
equipment and further stratifies equipment types by horsepower rating.
Fuel types include gasoline, diesel, compressed natural gas (CNG), and
liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
5. Marine Vessels, Airport, Railroad Locomotives (MAR) Sources
MAR is a non-road sub-category. MDE states in its Baltimore base
year inventory SIP that, for MAR sources, MDE calculated emissions by
collecting data directly from surveyed sources, or activity from state
and federal reporting agencies. To develop the commercial marine
vehicle emissions for the base year, Maryland used EPA's 2016 beta
modeling platform. This platform was used because it provided the most
recent descriptions and methodologies for calculation of marine vessel
emissions. To estimate emissions for aircraft, Maryland used airport
activity statistics from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA),
landing and takeoff cycle information from the Maryland Aviation
Administration, and statewide survey information for landing and
takeoffs, engine type, location, and usage data. Railroad emission
estimates were developed using activity and fuel consumption estimates
collected from the rail companies and proportioned to each county by
the amount of track miles each company utilized in a county. MDE
applied EPA emission factors using EPA guidance and methodologies or
the best engineering method. These methods of calculating emissions are
consistent with the most recent EPA emission inventory guidance.\4\
Details of the development of emissions for these sources along with
other non-road model sources are provided in Appendix A of Maryland's
July 30, 2020 submittal.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\4\ Emission Inventory Guidance for Implementation of Ozone and
Particulate Matter National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
and Regional Haze Regulations, Page 130, included in the docket for
this rulemaking available online at https://www.regulations.gov,
Docket ID: EPA-R03-OAR-2021-0017 PG 130.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. On-Road Mobile Sources
On-road mobile sources are also called ``highway mobile sources.''
These sources are the motor vehicles (e.g., automobiles, buses, trucks)
traveling on local and highway roads. On-road mobile sources should be
estimated by the latest recommended on-road mobile source models.
Currently, that means EPA's MOVES model for all states but California.
In addition to emissions from vehicles' exhaust, the MOVES model
estimates evaporative emissions for mobile sources, which must be
included in the inventory. Volatile hydrocarbons evaporate from the
fuel system while a vehicle is refueling, parked, or driving.
Evaporative processes differ from exhaust emissions because they don't
directly involve combustion, which is the main process driving exhaust
emissions.
As stated in Appendix A, MDE used EPA's MOVES2014a model to
estimate the 2017 annual emissions as well as 2017 daily emissions from
on-road vehicles and total energy consumption in Maryland. Emissions
were estimated based on emission factors and vehicle activity. Emission
factors for vehicles were based on vehicle type such as passenger cars,
passenger trucks, vehicle age and the vehicle's operating modes.
Operating modes for running, start, and idle emissions are included in
MOVES. The emission factors varied over a range of conditions, such as
the ambient air temperature, speed, traffic conditions, road types,
road topography, etc. The generated emission factors were then
multiplied by the appropriate vehicle miles traveled (VMT) to estimate
emission.
In order to estimate both the rate at which emissions are being
generated and to calculate VMT, MDE examined its road network and fleet
to estimate vehicle activity. For the annual inventories, this was done
for each of the twelve months in 2017 and aggregated for the entire
year. MDE used computer models to perform these calculations by
simulating the travel of vehicles on the Maryland's roadway system.
EPA has reviewed the results, procedures, and methodologies for the
SIP base year, as well as comparing the inventory with previously QA/
QC'd data in EPA's 2017 NEI for any data discrepancies and found none.
EPA has therefore determined the base year inventory to be acceptable
and developed in accordance with EPA's technical guidance.
7. Biogenic Emissions
MDE also inventoried biogenic emissions, which are not included in
the anthropogenic total. Biogenic emissions come from natural sources,
including vegetation, soils, volcanic emissions, lightning, and sea
salt. They need to be accounted for in photochemical grid models, as
most types are widespread and ubiquitous contributors to background
formation of
[[Page 29225]]
ozone. However, they are not included in the RFP baseline.
Biogenic emissions are typically computed using a model which
utilizes spatial information on vegetation and land use and
environmental conditions of temperature and solar radiation. The model
inputs are typically horizontally allocated (gridded) data, and the
outputs are gridded biogenic emissions which can then be speciated and
utilized as input to photochemical grid models. In Appendix A, MDE
explains that it used the data files created and made available by EPA.
MDE computed biogenic emissions with a modified version of EPA's
Biogenic Emission Inventory System (BEIS) model that utilized county
land use data from EPA's land use inventory and temperature and cloud
cover data from the National Weather Service. This method is acceptable
under EPA's emission inventory guidance.\5\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\5\ Emission Inventory Guidance for Implementation of Ozone and
Particulate Matter National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
and Regional Haze Regulations, Page 100, included in the docket for
this rulemaking available online at https://www.regulations.gov,
Docket ID: EPA-R03-OAR-2021-0017 PG 130.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Emissions Summary
The Baltimore base year inventory SIP contains a summary of 2017
ozone season day emissions by source category, which is presented in
Table 1 of this document. Tables 2 through 7 of this document present
the 2017 Baltimore BYE by source category and county. In the Baltimore
base year inventory SIP, MDE notes that the biogenic emissions in Table
1 are taken from EPA's NEI 2014 database. Total biogenic emissions for
July 2014 were divided by 31 days to develop average ozone season day
emissions for each jurisdiction in the Baltimore Area and then added
together to develop the Baltimore Area total.
Table 1--2017 Baltimore BYE Summary
[Tons per ozone season day]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source category VOC NOX CO
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point............................ 5.729 47.530 18.902
Quasi-Point...................... 1.310 7.274 6.549
Non-Point........................ 72.233 10.931 26.954
Non-Road......................... 21.314 13.164 330.888
MAR.............................. 0.930 7.440 3.848
On-Road Mobile................... 25.860 53.720 365.010
--------------------------------------
Anthropogenic Total.......... 127.379 140.060 752.152
Biogenic......................... 227.640 2.740 24.550
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2--2017 Baltimore BYE Point Source Emissions
[Tons per ozone season day]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
County name VOC NOX CO
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Anne Arundel County.............. 0.885 13.079 5.523
Baltimore County................. 0.876 11.531 2.788
Carroll County................... 0.390 8.342 5.568
Harford County................... 0.471 3.110 0.422
Howard County.................... 1.036 1.266 0.920
Baltimore City................... 2.070 10.202 3.682
--------------------------------------
Baltimore Area Total......... 5.729 47.530 18.900
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3--2017 Baltimore BYE Quasi-Point Source Emissions
[Tons per ozone season day]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
County name VOC NOX CO
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Anne Arundel County.............. 0.793 4.009 4.554
Baltimore County.................
Carroll County...................
Harford County................... 0.451 2.451 1.634
Howard County....................
Baltimore City................... 0.066 0.815 0.361
--------------------------------------
Baltimore Area Total......... 1.310 7.274 6.549
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 4--2017 Baltimore BYE Non-Point Source Emissions
[Tons per ozone season day]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
County name VOC NOX CO
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Anne Arundel County.............. 16.532 2.090 2.836
Baltimore County................. 20.168 3.200 4.206
Carroll County................... 4.810 0.595 2.922
[[Page 29226]]
Harford County................... 9.111 1.007 12.685
Howard County.................... 7.745 1.375 1.617
Baltimore City................... 13.867 2.665 2.689
--------------------------------------
Baltimore Area Total......... 72.233 10.931 26.954
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 5--2017 Baltimore BYE Non-Road Source Emissions
[Tons per ozone season day]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
County name VOC NOX CO
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Anne Arundel County.............. 5.818 3.263 80.901
Baltimore County................. 6.421 4.725 102.577
Carroll County................... 1.572 0.980 26.043
Harford County................... 2.645 1.590 30.234
Howard County.................... 2.712 1.500 53.191
Baltimore City................... 2.145 1.107 37.943
--------------------------------------
Baltimore Area Total......... 21.314 13.164 330.888
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 6--2017 Baltimore BYE MAR Source Emissions
[Tons per ozone season day]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
County name VOC NOX CO
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Anne Arundel County.............. 0.113 1.623 0.776
Baltimore County................. 0.634 2.277 1.833
Carroll County................... 0.027 0.188 0.497
Harford County................... 0.031 0.469 0.321
Howard County.................... 0.013 0.302 0.075
Baltimore City *................. 0.112 2.582 0.348
--------------------------------------
Baltimore Area Total......... 0.930 7.440 3.848
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Emissions from marine vessels at the Port of Baltimore are included
here.
Table 7--2017 Baltimore BYE Mobile Source Emissions
[Tons per ozone season day]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
County name VOC NOX CO
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Anne Arundel County.............. 6.17 12.33 85.88
Baltimore County................. 8.12 17.72 117.58
Carroll County................... 2.13 3.10 21.86
Harford County................... 2.73 5.26 35.31
Howard County.................... 3.12 8.21 54.20
Baltimore City................... 3.60 7.10 50.18
--------------------------------------
Baltimore Area Total......... 25.86 53.72 365.01
------------------------------------------------------------------------
III. Proposed Action
EPA's review of this material indicates the Baltimore base year
inventory SIP meets the base year inventory requirement for the 2015
ozone NAAQS for the Baltimore Area. Therefore, EPA is proposing to
approve the Baltimore base year inventory SIP, which was submitted on
July 30, 2020. EPA is soliciting public comments on the issues
discussed in this document. These comments will be considered before
taking final action.
IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP
submission that complies with the provisions of the CAA and applicable
Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in
reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve state choices,
provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. Accordingly, this
action merely approves state law as meeting Federal requirements and
does not impose additional requirements beyond those imposed by state
law. For that reason, this proposed action:
Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' subject to
review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Orders
12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821, January 21,
2011);
Does not impose an information collection burden under the
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
Is certified as not having a significant economic impact
on a
[[Page 29227]]
substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory Flexibility
Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
Does not have Federalism implications as specified in
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
Is not an economically significant regulatory action based
on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR
19885, April 23, 1997);
Is not a significant regulatory action subject to
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001);
Is not subject to requirements of section 12(d) of the
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent
with the CAA; and
Does not provide EPA with the discretionary authority to
address, as appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental
effects, using practicable and legally permissible methods, under
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
In addition, this proposed rulemaking, proposing to approve
Maryland's base year inventory SIP for the 2015 ozone NAAQS, does not
have tribal implications as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR
67249, November 9, 2000), because the SIP is not approved to apply in
Indian country located in the State, and EPA notes that it will not
impose substantial direct costs on tribal governments or preempt tribal
law.
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Carbon monoxide,
Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Ozone,
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Nitrogen dioxide, Volatile
organic compounds.
Dated: May 19, 2021.
Diana Esher,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region III.
[FR Doc. 2021-11441 Filed 5-28-21; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P
