Expedited Approval of Alternative Test Procedures for the Analysis of Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking Water Act; Analysis and Sampling Procedures, 28277-28290 [2021-10974]
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(5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
• Does not contain any unfunded
mandate or significantly or uniquely
affect small governments, as described
in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4);
• Does not have Federalism
implications as specified in Executive
Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10,
1999);
• Is not an economically significant
regulatory action based on health or
safety risks subject to Executive Order
13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997);
• Is not a significant regulatory action
subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR
28355, May 22, 2001);
• Is not subject to requirements of
section 12(d) of the National
Technology Transfer and Advancement
Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because
application of those requirements would
be inconsistent with the CAA; and
• Does not provide EPA with the
discretionary authority to address, as
appropriate, disproportionate human
health or environmental effects, using
practicable and legally permissible
methods, under Executive Order 12898
(59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
In addition, this rule does not have
tribal implications as specified by
Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249,
November 9, 2000), because the SIP is
not approved to apply in Indian country
located in the State, and EPA notes that
it will not impose substantial direct
costs on tribal governments or preempt
tribal law.
B. Submission to Congress and the
Comptroller General
The Congressional Review Act, 5
U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the Small
Business Regulatory Enforcement
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copy of the rule, to each House of the
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C. Petitions for Judicial Review
Under section 307(b)(1) of the CAA,
petitions for judicial review of this
action must be filed in the United States
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for reconsideration by the Administrator
of this final rule does not affect the
finality of this action for the purposes of
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time within which a petition for judicial
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postpone the effectiveness of such rule
or action.
This action pertaining to
Pennsylvania’s limited maintenance
Name of non-regulatory SIP revision
Applicable
geographic area
State submittal
date
*
*
1997 8-Hour Ozone National Ambient Air
Quality Standard Second Maintenance
Plan for the York-Adams Area.
*
York-Adams Area ..
*
3/10/20
*
*
*
*
*
[FR Doc. 2021–11165 Filed 5–25–21; 8:45 am]
40 CFR Part 141
[EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079; FRL 10022–49–
OW]
Expedited Approval of Alternative Test
Procedures for the Analysis of
Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking
Water Act; Analysis and Sampling
Procedures
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Final rule.
AGENCY:
This action announces the
Environmental Protection Agency’s
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List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone,
Volatile organic compounds.
Dated: May 19, 2021.
Diana Esher,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region III.
For the reasons stated in the
preamble, the EPA amends 40 CFR part
52 as follows:
PART 52—APPROVAL AND
PROMULGATION OF
IMPLEMENTATION PLANS
1. The authority citation for part 52
continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Subpart NN—Pennsylvania
2. In § 52.2020, the table in paragraph
(e)(1) is amended by adding an entry for
‘‘1997 8-Hour Ozone National Ambient
Air Quality Standard Second
Maintenance Plan for the York-Adams
Area’’ at the end of the table to read as
follows:
■
§ 52.2020
*
Identification of plan.
*
*
(e) * * *
(1) * * *
*
5/26/21, [insert Federal
Register citation].
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
SUMMARY:
plan for the York-Adams Area may not
be challenged later in proceedings to
enforce its requirements. (See section
307(b)(2).)
*
EPA approval date
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
28277
*
Additional explanation
*
*
The York-Adams area consists of York and Adams
Counties.
(EPA) approval of alternative testing
methods for use in measuring the levels
of contaminants in drinking water to
determine compliance with national
primary drinking water regulations. The
Safe Drinking Water Act authorizes EPA
to approve the use of alternative testing
methods through publication in the
Federal Register. EPA is using this
streamlined authority to make 17
additional methods available for
analyzing drinking water samples. This
expedited approach provides public
water systems, laboratories, and
primacy agencies with more timely
access to new measurement techniques
and greater flexibility in the selection of
analytical methods, thereby reducing
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monitoring costs while maintaining
public health protection.
DATES:
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
This action is effective May 26,
2021.
EPA has established a
docket for this action under Docket ID
No. EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079. All
documents in the docket are listed on
the https://www.regulations.gov
website. Although listed in the index,
some information is not publicly
available, e.g., confidential business
information (CBI) or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute.
Certain other material, such as
copyrighted material, is not placed on
the internet and will be publicly
available only in hard copy form.
Publicly available docket materials are
available electronically through https://
www.regulations.gov.
ADDRESSES:
Glynda Smith, Technical Support
Center, Standards and Risk Management
Division, Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water (MS 140),
Environmental Protection Agency, 26
West Martin Luther King Drive,
Cincinnati, Ohio 45268; telephone
number: (513) 569–7652; email address:
smith.glynda@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. General Information
A. Does this action apply to me?
Public water systems are the regulated
entities required to measure
contaminants in drinking water
samples. In addition, EPA Regions as
well as State and Tribal governments
with authority to administer the
regulatory program for public water
systems under the Safe Drinking Water
Act (SDWA) may measure contaminants
in water samples. When EPA sets a
monitoring requirement in its national
primary drinking water regulations for a
given contaminant, the Agency also
establishes (in the regulations)
standardized test procedures for
analysis of the contaminant. This action
makes alternative testing methods
available for particular drinking water
contaminants beyond the testing
methods currently established in the
regulations. Drinking water systems, in
consultation with the laboratories that
support their compliance monitoring,
may choose to use a test procedure
established in the existing regulations,
an alternative testing method that was
approved in prior expedited approval
actions, or an alternative method
approved in this action. Categories and
entities that may ultimately be affected
by this action include:
Category
Examples of potentially regulated entities
State, local, & tribal governments ............
State, local and tribal governments that analyze water samples on behalf of public
water systems required to conduct such analysis; state, local and tribal governments that directly operate community and non-transient non-community water
systems required to monitor.
Private operators of community and non-transient non-community water systems
required to monitor.
Municipal operators of community and non-transient non-community water systems
required to monitor.
Industry .....................................................
Municipalities ............................................
1 North
NAICS 1
924110
221310
924110
American Industry Classification System.
This table is not intended to be
exhaustive, but rather provides a guide
for readers regarding entities likely to be
interested in this action. Other types of
entities not listed in the table could also
have some interest. To determine
whether your facility is affected by this
action, you should carefully examine
the applicability language in the Code of
Federal Regulations (CFR) at 40 CFR
141.2 (definition of a public water
system). If you have questions regarding
the applicability of this action to a
particular entity, consult the person
listed in the preceding FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT section.
Abbreviations and Acronyms Used in
This Action
APHA: American Public Health Association
ATP: Alternate Test Procedure
CBI: Confidential Business Information
CFR: Code of Federal Regulations
DPASV: Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping
Voltammetry
DPD: N,N-Diethyl-p-phenylenediamine
EPA: United States Environmental Protection
Agency
GWR: Ground Water Rule
MCA: Monochloramine
MPN: Most probable number
NAICS: North American Industry
Classification System
QC: Quality Control
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RTCR: Revised Total Coliform Rule
SDWA: The Safe Drinking Water Act
SWTR: Surface Water Treatment Rule
SM: Standard Methods
VCSB: Voluntary Consensus Standard Bodies
II. Background
A. What is the purpose of this action?
In this action, EPA is approving 17
analytical methods for determining
contaminant concentrations in drinking
water samples collected under SDWA.
Regulated entities required to sample
and monitor may use either the testing
methods already established in existing
regulations or the alternative testing
methods being approved in this action
or in prior expedited approval actions.
The new methods are listed along with
other methods similarly approved
through previous expedited actions in
the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) at
40 CFR part 141, appendix A to subpart
C and on EPA’s drinking water methods
website at https://www.epa.gov/
dwanalyticalmethods.
B. What is the basis for this action?
When EPA determines that an
alternative analytical method is
‘‘equally effective’’ (i.e., as effective as a
method that has already been
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promulgated in the regulations), SDWA
allows EPA to approve the use of the
alternative testing method through
publication in the Federal Register (see
SDWA section 1401(1)). EPA is using
this streamlined approval authority to
make 17 additional methods available
for determining contaminant
concentrations in drinking water
samples collected under SDWA. EPA
has determined that, for each
contaminant or group of contaminants
listed in Section III of this document,
the additional testing methods being
approved in this action are as effective
as one or more of the testing methods
already approved in the regulations for
those contaminants. Section 1401(1) of
SDWA states that the newly approved
methods ‘‘shall be treated as an
alternative for public water systems to
the quality control and testing
procedures listed in the regulation.’’
Accordingly, this action makes these
additional 17 analytical methods legally
available as options for meeting EPA’s
monitoring requirements.
This action does not add regulatory
language, but does, for informational
purposes, update an appendix to the
regulations at 40 CFR part 141 that lists
all methods approved under section
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1401(1) of SDWA. Accordingly, while
this action is not a rule, it is updating
CFR text and therefore is being
published in the ‘‘Final Rules’’ section
of the Federal Register.
III. Summary of Approvals
EPA is approving 17 methods that are
equally effective relative to methods
previously promulgated in the
regulations. By means of this action,
these 17 methods are added to appendix
A to subpart C of 40 CFR part 141.
A. Methods Developed by EPA
1. EPA Method 903.0, Revision 1.0.
Alpha-Emitting Radium Isotopes in
Drinking Water (USEPA 2021a). EPA
Method 903.0 (USEPA 1980a) was
published in the drinking water
regulations at 40 CFR 141.25(a) as a
screening method for radium-226. The
approved method describes a singlepoint calibration, contains no quality
control specifications, and provides no
calculation for the drinking water
detection limit. EPA Method 903.0,
Revision 1.0 was developed in response
to comments from stakeholders
requesting a method revision that
provides clearly defined calibration and
quality control criteria to assure a more
robust procedure capable of yielding
consistent and reliable analytical
results. The methodology relative to the
approved method is unchanged. The
importance of timing intervals is also
discussed in the revised method. The
primary interferences in radium-226
determination are due to activity
contributed by radium-224 and, to a
lesser degree, radium-223. Due to their
short half-lives, the interferences due to
radium-224 and radium-223 can be
minimized if samples are held at least
two weeks prior to counting.
The revised method contains detailed
instructions on preparing an appropriate
calibration curve based on the allowable
yield range instead of relying on a
single-point calibration. Alpha particle
response is sensitive to the level of solid
residue left in the final precipitate. A
single-point calibration assumes that
every sample will yield the same mass
of solid precipitate. Assessing the alpha
efficiency based on a yield range will
improve the accuracy in the final
calculated activity.
The revised method contains the
quality control specifications that
laboratories are expected to follow in
order to obtain certification to analyze
drinking water compliance samples. In
addition to incorporation of specific
quality control requirements and
acceptance criteria, the revised method
also allows the option to incorporate
barium-133 as a radiochemical yield
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monitor. The currently approved
method relies on gravimetric
determination of the final barium sulfate
precipitate to estimate the fractional
yield of radium carried on the
precipitate. Barium-133 is a noninterfering gamma emitter that is carried
through the precipitation and
complexation steps along with radium226. Incorporation of a radiochemical
yield monitor provides a sensitive
option to assess yield based on activity
instead of mass.
The revised method contains an
expanded ‘‘calculations’’ section that
includes the appropriate equation for
determining the drinking water
detection limit as defined in the
regulations at 40 CFR 141.25(c).
EPA has determined that EPA Method
903.0, Revision 1.0 is equally effective
for screening drinking water samples for
radium-226, relative to the approved
method. The basis for this
determination is discussed in greater
detail in Smith 2020b. Therefore, EPA is
approving EPA Method 903.0, Revision
1.0 for determining alpha-emitting
radium isotopes in drinking water. EPA
Method 903.0 Rev. 1.0 is available at the
National Service Center for
Environmental Publications.
2. EPA Method 903.1, Revision 1.0.
Radium-226 in Drinking Water Radon
Emanation Technique (USEPA 2021b).
EPA Method 903.1 (USEPA 1980b) was
published in the drinking water
regulations at 40 CFR 141.25(a) as a
specific method for determination of
radium-226. The approved method
contains limited calibration
information, no quality control
specifications, no uncertainty
calculation, and provides no calculation
for the drinking water detection limit.
As noted previously in the discussion
about EPA Method 903.0, Rev. 1.0, EPA
Method 903.1, Rev. 1.0 was also
developed in response to comments
from stakeholders requesting a method
revision with calibration and quality
control criteria.
The methodology in the revised
method is unchanged and involves
isolating the alpha-emitting radium
isotopes through selective precipitation
and complexation steps. Radon-222, the
progeny of radium-226, is allowed to
ingrow and is then purged into an alpha
scintillation cell for subsequent
counting.
The revised method contains the
quality control specifications that
laboratories are expected to follow in
order to obtain certification to analyze
drinking water compliance samples. In
addition to incorporation of specific
quality control requirements and
acceptance criteria, the revised method
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provides additional options for
assessing yield. The currently approved
method specifies a barium sulfate
precipitation step to estimate the
fractional yield of radium carried on the
precipitate. One option in the revised
method allows the incorporation of
barium-133 as a radiochemical yield
monitor. Barium-133 is a non-interfering
gamma emitter that is carried through
the procedure along with radium-226
and counted directly without requiring
an additional precipitation step.
Another option for determining yield on
the radium-containing solution is to use
atomic spectroscopy techniques.
The revised method provides
expanded uncertainty calculations
based on the fact that each radon-222
atom yields three short-lived alphaemitting progeny. When half-life is short
relative to the counting time, and
detector efficiency is high, such as that
obtained with alpha scintillation cells,
there is an increased probability of
observing a count not only from the
parent, but also from the progeny.
The revised method also contains an
expanded ‘‘calculations’’ section that
includes the equation for determining
the drinking water detection limit as
defined in the regulations at 40 CFR
141.25(c).
EPA has determined that EPA Method
903.1, Revision 1.0 is equally effective
for determining radium-226 in drinking
water samples, relative to the approved
method. The basis for this
determination is discussed in greater
detail in Smith 2020c. Therefore, EPA is
approving EPA Method 903.1, Revision
1.0 for the determination of radium-226
in drinking water. EPA Method 903.1
Rev. 1.0 is available at the National
Service Center for Environmental
Publications.
3. EPA Method 127. Determination of
Monochloramine Concentration in
Drinking Water (USEPA 2021c). The
Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR)
(USEPA 1989) specifies at 40 CFR
141.72(a)(4)(i) and at 40 CFR
141.72(b)(3)(i) that water systems must
maintain a detectable disinfectant
residual in the distribution system. The
disinfectant residual can be in the form
of total chlorine, combined chlorine or
chlorine dioxide. In addition, 40 CFR
141.72(a)(3) and 40 CFR 141.74(b)(5)
require that the residual disinfectant
concentration in water entering the
distribution system cannot fall below
0.2 mg/L for more than four hours.
When the SWTR was promulgated,
systems primarily relied on free
chlorine as a secondary disinfectant to
assure maintenance of a detectable
residual in the distribution system.
More systems have since switched to
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the use of chloramination in order to
reduce formation of regulated
disinfection byproducts. Water systems
have relied on measurement of
chloramines using the total chlorine
N,N-diphenylenediamine (DPD)
colorimetric procedure described in
Standard Method 4500-Cl G–00 (APHA
2000), which is approved under the
SWTR at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(2). Because
the DPD reagent can react with a variety
of other oxidants that may be present
(e.g., organochloramines and
manganese), this approach may result in
an overestimation of the total chlorine
residual. Organochloramines have little
to no disinfection efficacy.
Disinfection based on chloramination
relies on producing monochloramine
(MCA), dichloramine, and nitrogen
trichloride. At typical drinking water
distribution system pH levels (7–9),
MCA predominates and is more
effective and stable for disinfection than
dichloramine or nitrogen trichloride.
While no method was available for
specific MCA measurement at the time
the SWTR was promulgated, such
capability now exists. EPA Method 127
was developed using commercially
available reagents and instrumentation.
Monochloramine in the presence of a
cyanoferrate catalyst reacts with a
substituted phenol to form an
intermediate monoimine compound.
The intermediate couples with excess
substituted phenol to form a greencolored indophenol, which is
proportional to the amount of
monochloramine present in the sample.
The indophenol can be measured using
either a colorimeter or a
spectrophotometer. It is not subject to
the interferences observed with DPD
determination and the technique is
already used by water systems for (nonregulatory) process control monitoring
or as part of a nitrification control plan.
The method incorporates quality control
specifications to assure robustness and
performance.
In addition to internal studies by EPA,
two public water systems (PWSs) that
employ chloramination for disinfection
participated in method validation
studies, comparing the performance of
EPA Method 127 to the performance of
the approved DPD procedure. The
validation study report (Alexander,
Waters, and Wahman, 2020),
summarizing the results from the PWSs’
and EPA’s studies, details the precision,
accuracy, and sensitivity tests that were
performed.
EPA has determined that EPA Method
127 is equally effective relative to the
approved method for determining total
chlorine as monochloramine in finished
drinking water. The basis for this
determination is discussed in greater
detail in Alexander 2021. Therefore,
EPA is approving EPA Method 127 for
the determination of total chlorine as
monochloramine in assessing both
minimum disinfection residual at the
entry point to the distribution system
and detectable disinfectant residual
within the distribution system under the
SWTR. EPA Method 127 is available at
the National Service Center for
Environmental Publications.
B. Methods Developed by Voluntary
Consensus Standard Bodies (VCSB)
1. ASTM International. EPA
compared the most recent versions of
eight ASTM International methods to
the earlier versions of those methods
that are currently approved in 40 CFR
part 141. Most of the changes in the
updated versions include additional
quality control specifications.
Changes between the earlier approved
version and the most recent version of
each method are described more fully in
Smith (2020a). Besides additional
quality control, the revisions involve
primarily editorial changes (e.g.,
updated references, definitions,
terminology, procedural clarifications,
and reorganization of text). The revised
methods are the same as the approved
versions with respect to sample
collection and handling protocols,
sample preparation, analytical
methodology, and method performance
data; thus, EPA finds they are equally
effective relative to the approved
methods.
EPA is thus approving the use of the
following ASTM methods for the
contaminants and their respective
regulations listed in the following table:
ASTM revised version
Approved method
Contaminant(s)
D 6919–17 (ASTM 2017a) ..................
D 4327–17 (ASTM 2017b) ..................
D 6919–03 (ASTM 2003a) .................
D4327–03 (ASTM 2003b) ..................
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium ...........
Fluoride,
Nitrate,
Nitrite,
Orthophosphate, Chloride, Sulfate.
Antimony .............................................
Mercury ...............................................
Copper ................................................
Copper ................................................
pH .......................................................
Radium-226 ........................................
3697–17 (ASTM 2017c) ...................
3223–17 (ASTM 2017d) ..................
1688 A–17 (ASTM 2017e) ...............
1688 C–17 (ASTM 2017e) ...............
1293–18 (ASTM 2018a) ..................
3454–18 (ASTM 2018b) ..................
3697–02 (ASTM 2002a) .................
3223–02 (ASTM 2002b) .................
1688 A–02 (ASTM 2002c) ..............
1688 C–02 (ASTM 2002c) .............
1293–99 (ASTM 1999) ...................
3454–97 (ASTM 1997) ...................
The ASTM methods are available
from ASTM International, 100 Barr
Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken,
Pennsylvania 19428–2959 or https://
www.astm.org.
C. Methods Developed by Vendors
1. Bio-Rad. Simultaneous Detection of
Total Coliform Bacteria and Escherichia
coli Using RAPID’E. coli 2 (REC2) in
Drinking Water (Bio-Rad 2020).
RAPID’E. coli 2 is a membrane-filter
microbiological method for the
simultaneous detection of total
coliforms and E. coli in drinking water
by filtration of a 100 mL sample of
drinking water, and infusion of the filter
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with a growth and indicator medium
during incubation. Total coliforms and
E. coli are detected as being present or
absent in 100 mL samples of drinking
water by enzymatic cleavage of
chromogenic substances with the
formation of colored compounds after
incubation. Drinking water methods
approved for measuring total coliforms
under the Revised Total Coliform Rule
(RTCR) (USEPA 2013) are listed at 40
CFR 141.852(a)(5). Methods approved
for measuring E. coli in drinking water
under the RTCR and under the Ground
Water Rule (GWR) (USEPA 2006) are
listed at 40 CFR 141.402(c)(2) and 40
CFR 141.852(a)(5), respectively.
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Regulation citations
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
CFR
CFR
CFR
CFR
CFR
CFR
CFR
CFR
CFR
141.23(k)(1)
141.23(k)(1)
143.4(b)
141.23(k)(1)
141.23(k)(1)
141.23(k)(1)
141.23(k)(1)
141.23(k)(1)
141.25(a)
RAPID’E. coli 2 is similar to other
approved drinking water methods but
uses proprietary chromogens for
detection of total coliforms and E. coli.
These chromogens result in distinctive
colors for colonies of target bacteria.
RAPID’E. coli 2 is able to detect total
coliforms and E. coli in 24 ± 2 hours.
Reagents for RAPID’E. coli 2 are
available from the manufacturer. An
Alternative Test Procedure (ATP) study
was conducted to compare the method
performance of RAPID’E. coli 2 to the
performance of two approved methods,
Standard Methods 9221 B (LTB/BGLB
for total coliforms) and 9221 F (LTB/
EC–MUG for E. coli) (APHA 1998). The
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comparison study involved analyses of
200 drinking water samples—20
replicate samples that were inoculated
with very low densities of chlorinestressed total coliforms or E. coli
obtained from 10 geographically
dispersed waste waters. Method
specificity was evaluated using an
approximately 50:50 array of positive
and negative cultures (as measured by
RAPID’E. coli 2), transferring these
cultures to the reference methods, and
observing the reaction on the reference
media. The ATP validation study report
(Bio-Rad, 2019) details the study design
and method data evaluation. EPA has
determined that RAPID’E. coli 2 is
equally effective relative to the
approved Standard Method 9221 B for
total coliforms under the RTCR, and
Standard Method 9221 F for E. coli
under the RTCR and GWR. The basis for
this determination is discussed in
Sinclair (2019). Therefore, EPA is
approving the RAPID’E. coli 2 method
for determining total coliforms and E.
coli in drinking water.
A copy of the RAPID’E. coli 2 method
is available from Bio-Rad Laboratories,
2000 Nobel Drive, Hercules, California
94547.
2. Maine Health Environmental
Testing Laboratory (HETL). ME 531,
Version 1.0. Measurement of
N-Methylcarbamoyloximes and
N-Methylcarbamates in Drinking Water
by LC–MS/MS (Maine HETL 2019a). ME
531 is a method for the measurement of
carbofuran and oxamyl in drinking
water by liquid chromatography tandem
mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). In this
method, an aliquot from a preserved
drinking water sample is injected into a
LC system coupled to a triple
quadrupole mass spectrometer.
Chromatographic separation is achieved
through use of an appropriate liquid
chromatography analytical column and
detection is achieved by operating a
triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in
MS/MS mode. Quantitation is
determined by comparing measured
response to a calibration curve
generated with known analyte standards
and the internal standard technique.
Carbofuran and oxamyl are regulated
drinking water contaminants as
specified at 40 CFR 141.61(c). The
currently approved methods for the
analysis of carbofuran and oxamyl are
listed in 40 CFR 141.24(e)(1). Approved
methods EPA Method 531.1 (USEPA
1995) and EPA Method 531.2 (USEPA
2001) use liquid chromatography and
post-column derivatization to convert
carbofuran and oxamyl to form highly
fluorescent isoindoles, followed by
fluorescence detection, which is
sensitive but nonspecific. ME 531
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reduces the amount of hazardous waste
produced because it measures the
contaminants directly without the need
for derivatization. The method also
increases efficiency of analysis time and
provides more accurate results due to
the higher sensitivity and specificity of
LC–MS/MS in the determination of
carbofuran and oxamyl in finished
drinking water.
A laboratory validation study was
conducted to evaluate the performance
of ME 531. Multiple drinking water
matrixes were used in the validation
study. Precision, accuracy, and
quantitation limit data were collected
from the drinking water matrixes
fortified with varying concentrations of
carbofuran and oxamyl standards. The
results are summarized in the validation
study report (Maine HETL 2019b). EPA
has determined that ME 531 is equally
effective relative to the approved EPA
Methods 531.1 and 531.2. The basis for
this determination is discussed in
Adams 2020a. Therefore, EPA is
approving ME 531 for the analysis for
carbofuran and oxamyl in drinking
water. ME 531 can be obtained from
Maine Health and Environmental
Testing Lab, 221 State Street, Augusta,
Maine 04330.
3. Palintest. ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1.
Free and Total Chlorine in Drinking
Water by Amperometry using
Disposable Sensors (Palintest 2020a).
ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1 is a method for
the determination of free available and
total chlorine, including hypochlorous
acid, hypochlorite ion, and
undissociated chlorine, in drinking
water by amperometry using precalibrated disposable sensors. In this
method, free available chlorine reacts
with 3,3′,5,5′ tetramethylbenzidine
(TMB) and the oxidized product is
electrochemically reduced at the surface
of the free chlorine electrode. Free
available chlorine and combined
chlorine react with potassium iodide
(KI) to liberate iodine. The iodine can be
reduced electrochemically at the surface
of the total chlorine electrode. The
current that flows in each case is
proportional to the amount of free
available chlorine or total available
chlorine. The current is converted to mg
Cl/L by reference to calibration
parameters stored in the instrument
software.
The currently approved methods for
the analysis of free and total chlorine in
drinking water are listed in the
regulations at 40 CFR 141.131(c)(1) and
at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(2). ChloroSense
Rev. 1.0 (Palintest 2009) was approved
as being equally effective, relative to the
approved Standard Method 4500–Cl D–
00 (APHA 2000) for free and total
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chlorine, in the November 10, 2009
expedited methods approval action
(USEPA 2009). ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1 is
a modified version of ChloroSense, Rev.
1.0 that incorporates new hardware. The
revision also clarifies language about
method flexibility that was incorporated
in Rev. 1.0. The modifications made for
Rev. 1.1 did not include any changes to
the analytical reagents or method
chemistry.
EPA reviewed the changes that were
made and has determined that
ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1 is equally
effective relative to the previously
approved ChloroSense, Rev. 1.0. The
basis for this determination is discussed
in Adams 2020b. Therefore, EPA is
approving ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1, for the
analysis of free and total chlorine in
drinking water. ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1,
can be obtained from Palintest Ltd, 400
Corporate Circle, Suite J, Golden,
Colorado 80401.
4. Palintest. Method 1001, Rev. 1.1.
Lead in Drinking Water by Differential
Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry
(Palintest 2020b). Method 1001, Rev. 1.1
is a method for the determination of
total recoverable lead in drinking water
using differential pulse anodic stripping
voltammetry (DPASV). In this method, a
50-mL aliquot of acid-preserved or aciddigested sample is neutralized with
sodium hydroxide. A portion of the
sample is decanted to a sample tube,
buffered to pH 4, and conditioned with
an excess of supporting electrolyte. A
decomplexing agent is added to release
lead from polyphosphate complexes.
The lead in the conditioned sample is
determined by DPASV, using a
disposable sensor. This is achieved by
concentrating the lead in the sample by
plating onto the working electrode of
the disposable sensor and then stripping
it back into solution by raising the
electrode potential. As the lead returns
to solution a peak of current is detected.
The peak potential identifies the metal,
and the peak height is proportional to
the concentration of the lead.
The currently approved methods for
the analysis of total recoverable lead in
drinking water are listed in 40 CFR
141.23(k)(1). Method 1001, Rev. 1.1
revises the currently approved Method
1001 (Palintest 1999) by allowing the
use of new hardware, the streamlined
Kemio instrumentation, which allows
for the analysis of multiple
contaminants. The modifications made
for this method did not include any
changes to the analytical reagents or
method chemistry. Performance of
Method 1001, Rev. 1.1. was compared
with that of the approved Method 1001.
The Kemio instrumentation in Method
1001, Rev.1.1 had precision and
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accuracy results comparable to those for
instrumentation in the approved
Method 1001. The Method Detection
Limit (MDL) in the new method also
improved from 2 mg/L to 1 mg/L using
the Kemio instrumentation. EPA has
determined that Method 1001, Rev. 1.1
is equally effective relative to the
approved Method 1001. The basis for
this determination is discussed in
Adams 2020c. Therefore, EPA is
approving Method 1001, Rev. 1.1 for the
analysis of total recoverable lead in
drinking water. Method 1001, Rev. 1.1
can be obtained from Palintest Ltd, 400
Corporate Circle, Suite J, Golden,
Colorado 80401.
5. Palintest. ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.1.
Chlorine Dioxide and Chlorite in
Drinking Water by Amperometry using
Disposable Sensors (Palintest 2020c).
ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.1 is a method for
the determination of chlorine dioxide
and chlorite in drinking water by
amperometry using pre-calibrated
disposable sensors. Chlorine dioxide
present in the sample can be reduced
directly at the surface of the sensor. The
current that flows is directly
proportional to the amount of chlorine
dioxide in the sample. To determine
chlorite, any chlorine dioxide in the
sample must be removed. This is done
by degassing the sample using a
degassing unit. Chlorite is determined
by first adding potassium iodide (KI) to
the sample at a pH where the chlorite
does not react but any free or total
chlorine in the sample does react to
liberate iodine. The amount of iodine
released is reduced at the surface of the
sensor. The current that flows is directly
proportional to the amount of free and
total chlorine in the sample (Reading A).
The sample is then acidified by the
addition of dilute hydrochloric acid.
The iodide then reacts with chlorite and
free and combined chlorine to release
iodine. The amount of iodine released is
reduced at the surface of the sensor. The
current that flows is directly
proportional to the amount of chlorite
and free and combined chlorine in the
sample (Reading B). The amount of
chlorite can then be calculated by
subtracting Reading A from Reading B.
The current is converted to mg analyte/
L by reference to calibration parameters
stored in the instrument software.
The currently approved methods for
the analysis of chlorine dioxide in
drinking water are listed at 40 CFR
141.131(c)(1) and at 40 CFR
141.74(a)(2), and the approved methods
for daily monitoring of chlorite are
listed in 40 CFR 141.131(b)(1).
ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.0 (Palintest
2013) was approved as being equally
effective, relative to the approved
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Standard Method 4500–ClO2 E (APHA
1998) for the analysis of chlorine
dioxide and chlorite in drinking water,
in the June 19, 2014 expedited methods
approval action (USEPA 2014).
ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.1 is a modified
version of ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.0,
which incorporates new hardware. The
revision also clarifies language about
method flexibility incorporated in the
previous version. The modifications
made for this method did not include
any changes to the analytical reagents or
method chemistry.
EPA reviewed the changes that were
made and has determined that
ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.1 is equally as
effective relative to the approved
ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.0. The basis for
this determination is discussed in
Adams 2020d. Therefore, EPA is
approving ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.1 for
the analysis of chlorine dioxide and
daily monitoring of chlorite in drinking
water. ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.1 can be
obtained from Palintest Ltd, 400
Corporate Circle, Suite J, Golden,
Colorado 80401.
6. Neogen. Modified ColitagTM,
Version 2.0. Modified ColitagTM Test
Method for the Simultaneous Detection
of Total Coliforms and E. coli in Water
(Neogen 2020). Modified ColitagTM is a
method that detects cleavage of
chromogenic substrates to determine if
total coliforms and E. coli are present in
a 100-mL drinking water sample within
16 to 48 hours of incubation. The
method can be used in a most-probablenumber (MPN) format, provided the
sum of all the individual portions of the
sample total 100 mL.
Modified ColitagTM, Version 2.0 is an
updated revision of Modified ColitagTM
(CPI International 2009), which is
approved for total coliforms and E. coli
at 40 CFR 141.852(a)(5). Modified
ColitagTM was approved in EPA’s June
8, 2010 expedited methods approval
action (USEPA 2010) for determining E.
coli under the Ground Water Rule at 40
CFR 141.402(c)(2).
Modified ColitagTM, Version 2.0
provides expanded procedural guidance
on the use of the various most-probablenumber formats, including multiple
tube MPN, the MPNPlateTM, and the
MPNTrayTM options.
EPA reviewed the revisions that were
made and determined Modified
ColitagTM, Version 2.0 is equally
effective relative to the originallyapproved Modified ColitagTM. The basis
for this determination is discussed in
Best 2020. Therefore, EPA is approving
Modified ColitagTM, Version 2.0 for
determination of total coliforms and E.
coli in drinking water. Modified
ColitagTM, Version 2.0 can be obtained
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from Neogen Corporation, 620 Lesher
Place, Lansing, Michigan 48912.
IV. Statutory and Executive Order
Reviews
As noted in Section II of this action,
under the terms of SDWA section
1401(1), this streamlined method
approval action is not a rule.
Accordingly, the Congressional Review
Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by
the Small Business Regulatory
Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, does
not apply because this action is not a
rule for purposes of 5 U.S.C. 804(3).
Similarly, this action is not subject to
the Regulatory Flexibility Act because it
is not subject to notice and comment
requirements under the Administrative
Procedure Act or any other statute. In
addition, because this approval action is
not a rule, but simply makes alternative
testing methods available as options for
monitoring under SDWA, EPA has
concluded that other statutes and
executive orders generally applicable to
rulemaking do not apply to this
approval action.
V. References
Adams, W. 2020a. Memo to the record
describing basis for expedited approval
of Maine Health Environmental Testing
Laboratory ME 531, Version 1.0. July 2,
2020. (Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Adams, W. 2020b. Memo to the record
describing basis for expedited approval
of Palintest ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1. July 9,
2020. (Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Adams, W. 2020c. Memo to the record
describing the basis for expedited
approval of Palintest Method 1001, Rev.
1.1. July 9, 2020. (Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Adams, W. 2020d. Memo to the record
describing the basis for expedited
approval of Palintest ChlordioX Plus,
Rev. 1.1. July 9, 2020. (Available at
https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID
No. EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Alexander, M. 2021. Memo to the record
describing basis for expedited approval
of EPA Method 127. February 1, 2021.
(Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Alexander, M., Waters, T., and Wahman, D.
2020. Alternate Test Procedure
Validation Study Report for EPA Method
127: Determination of Monochloramine
in Drinking Water. June 2020. (Available
at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID
No. EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
American Public Health Association (APHA).
1998. 20th Edition of Standard Methods
for the Examination of Water and
Wastewater. American Public Health
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Association, 800 I Street NW,
Washington, DC 20001–3710.
American Public Health Association (APHA).
Standard Method 4500–Cl D, G–00.
Chlorine Residual. D. Amperometric
Titration Method. G. DPD Colorimetric
Method. Approved by Standard Methods
Committee 2000. Standard Methods
Online. (Available at https://
www.standardmethods.org.)
ASTM International. 1997. ASTM D 3454–97.
Standard Test Method for Radium-226 in
Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr
Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA
19428–2959. (Available at https://
www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 1999. ASTM D 1293–99.
Standard Test Methods for pH of Water.
ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428–
2959. (Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2002a. ASTM D 3697–
02. Standard Test Method for Antimony
in Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr
Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA
19428–2959. (Available at https://
www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2002b. ASTM D 3223–
02. Standard Test Method for Total
Mercury in Water. ASTM International,
100 Barr Harbor Drive, West
Conshohocken, PA 19428–2959.
(Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2002c. ASTM D 1688–
02 A, C. Standard Test Methods for
Copper in Water. A. Atomic Absorption,
Direct. C. Atomic Absorption, Graphite
Furnace. ASTM International, 100 Barr
Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA
19428–2959. (Available at https://
www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2003a. ASTM D 6919–
03. Standard Test Method for
Determination of Dissolved Alkali and
Alkaline Earth Cations and Ammonium
in Water and Wastewater by Ion
Chromatography. ASTM International,
100 Barr Harbor Drive, West
Conshohocken, PA 19428–2959.
(Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2003b. ASTM D 4327–
03. Standard Test Method for Anions in
Water by Suppressed Ion
Chromatography. ASTM International,
100 Barr Harbor Drive, West
Conshohocken, PA 19428–2959.
(Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2017a. ASTM D 6919–
17. Standard Test Method for
Determination of Dissolved Alkali and
Alkaline Earth Cations and Ammonium
in Water and Wastewater by Ion
Chromatography. ASTM International,
100 Barr Harbor Drive, West
Conshohocken, PA 19428–2959.
(Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2017b. ASTM D 4327–
17. Standard Test Method for Anions in
Water by Suppressed Ion
Chromatography. ASTM International,
100 Barr Harbor Drive, West
Conshohocken, PA 19428–2959.
(Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2017c. ASTM D 3697–
17. Standard Test Method for Antimony
in Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr
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Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA
19428–2959. (Available at https://
www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2017d. ASTM D 3223–
17. Standard Test Method for Total
Mercury in Water. ASTM International,
100 Barr Harbor Drive, West
Conshohocken, PA 19428–2959.
(Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2017e. ASTM D 1688–
17 A, C. Standard Test Methods for
Copper in Water. A. Atomic Absorption,
Direct. C. Atomic Absorption, Graphite
Furnace. ASTM International, 100 Barr
Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA
19428–2959. (Available at https://
www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2018a. ASTM D 1293–
18. Standard Test Methods for pH of
Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr
Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA
19428–2959. (Available at https://
www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2018b. ASTM 3454–18.
Standard Test Method for Radium-226 in
Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr
Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA
19428–2959. (Available at https://
www.astm.org.)
Best, J. 2020. Memo to the record describing
basis for expedited approval of Neogen
Modified ColitagTM, Version 2.0 method.
July 30, 2020. (Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Bio-Rad. 2019. ATP Study Report for SideBy-Side Method Comparison of the BioRad RAPID E. coli 2 Test Procedure and
EPA Approved Reference Methods for
Detection of Total Coliform Bacteria and
E. coli in Drinking Water Using
Membrane Filtration. September 4, 2019.
(Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Bio-Rad. 2020. Simultaneous Detection of
Total Coliform Bacteria and Escherichia
coli Using RAPID’E. coli 2 (REC2) in
Drinking Water. May 2020. (Available at
https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID
No. EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
CPI International. 2009. Modified ColitagTM
Test Method for the Simultaneous
Detection of E. coli and other Total
Coliforms in Water. August 2009.
(Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Maine Health Environmental Testing
Laboratory. 2019a. ME 531, Version 1.0.
Measurement of NMethylcarbamoyloximes and NMethylcarbamates in Drinking Water by
LC–MS/MS. September 2019. (Available
at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID
No. EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Maine Health Environmental Testing
Laboratory. 2019b. ME 531 Validation
Study Report. 2019. (Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Neogen. 2020. Modified ColitagTM Test
Method for the Simultaneous Detection
of Total Coliforms and E. coli in Water.
June 2020. (Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
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Palintest. 1999. Method 1001: Lead in Water
by Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping
Voltammetry. August 1999. (Available at
https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID
No. EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Palintest. 2009. ChloroSense, Rev. 1.0.
Measurement of Free and Total Chlorine
in Drinking Water by Palintest
ChloroSense. August 2009. (Available at
https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID
No. EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Palintest. 2013. ChordioX Plus, Rev. 1.0.
Chlorine Dioxide and Chlorite in
Drinking Water by Amperometry using
Disposable Sensors. November 2013.
(Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Palintest. 2020a. ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1. Free
and Total Chlorine in Drinking Water by
Amperometry using Disposable Sensors.
February 2020. (Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Palintest. 2020b. Method 1001, Rev. 1.1. Lead
in Drinking Water by Differential Pulse
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry. May
2020. (Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Palintest 2020c. ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.1.
Chlorine Dioxide and Chlorite in
Drinking Water by Amperometry using
Disposable Sensors. February 2020.
(Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Sinclair, J. 2019. Memo to the record
describing basis for expedited approval
of Bio-Rad RAPID’E.coli 2 method.
November 4, 2019. (Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Smith, G. 2020a. Memo to the record
describing basis for expedited approval
of updated methods from ASTM
International. May 4, 2020. (Available at
https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID
No. EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Smith, G. 2020b. Memo to the record
describing basis for expedited approval
of EPA Method 903.0, Revision 1.0. June
2, 2020. (Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
Smith, G. 2020c. Memo to the record
describing basis for expedited approval
of EPA Method 903.1. June 10, 2020.
(Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
USEPA. 1980a. EPA Method 903.0. Alphaemitting Radium Isotopes in Drinking
Water in ‘‘Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in
Drinking Water,’’ EPA–600/4–80–032,
August 1980. (Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
USEPA. 1980b. EPA Method 903.1. Radium226 in Drinking Water Radon Emanation
Technique in ‘‘Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in
Drinking Water,’’ EPA–600/4–80–032,
August 1980. (Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
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USEPA. 1989. Drinking Water; National
Primary Drinking Water Regulations;
Filtration, Disinfection, Turbidity,
Giardia lamblia, Viruses, Legionella, and
Heterotrophic Bacteria. 54 FR 27486.
June 29, 1989. (Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
USEPA. 1995. EPA Method 531.1, Rev. 3.1.
Measurement of NMethylcarbamoyloximes and NMethylcarbamates in Water by Direct
Aqueous Injection HPLC with Post
Column Derivatization. 1995. (Available
at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID
No. EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
USEPA. 2001. EPA Method 531.2, Rev. 1.0.
Measurement of NMethylcarbamoyloximes and NMethylcarbamates in Water by Direct
Aqueous Injection HPLC with Post
Column Derivatization. EPA–815–B–01–
002, September 2001. (Available at
https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID
No. EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
USEPA. 2006. National Primary Drinking
Water Regulations: Groundwater Rule;
Final Rule. 71 FR 65574. November 8,
2006. (Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
USEPA. 2009. Expedited Approval of
Alternative Test Procedures for the
Analysis of Contaminants under the Safe
Drinking Water Act; Analysis and
Sampling Procedures; Final Rule. 74 FR
57908. November 10, 2009. (Available at
https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID
No. EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
USEPA. 2010. Expedited Approval of
Alternative Test Procedures for the
Analysis of Contaminants under the Safe
Drinking Water Act; Analysis and
Sampling Procedures; Final Rule. 75 FR
32295. June 8, 2010. (Available at
https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID
No. EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
USEPA. 2013. National Primary Drinking
Water Regulations: Revisions to the Total
Coliform Rule; Final Rule. 78 FR 10270.
February 13, 2013. (Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
USEPA. 2014. Expedited Approval of
Alternative Test Procedures for the
Analysis of Contaminants under the Safe
Drinking Water Act; Analysis and
Sampling Procedures; Final Rule. 79 FR
35081. June 19, 2014. (Available at
https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID
No. EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079.)
USEPA. 2021a. EPA Method 903.0, Rev. 1.0.
Alpha-emitting Radium Isotopes in
Drinking Water. EPA 815–B–21–002.
January 2021. (Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079 and at the
National Service Center for
Environmental Publications.)
USEPA. 2021b. EPA Method 903.1, Rev. 1.0.
Radium-226 in Drinking Water Radon
Emanation Technique. EPA 815–B–21–
003. January 2021. (Available at https://
www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079 and at the
National Service Center for
Environmental Publications.)
USEPA. 2021c. EPA Method 127.
Determination of Monochloramine
Concentration in Drinking Water. EPA
815–B–21–004. January 2021. (Available
at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID
No. EPA–HQ–OW–2021–0079 and at the
National Service Center for
Environmental Publications.)
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 141
Environmental protection, Chemicals,
Indians-lands, Intergovernmental
relations, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Water supply.
Jennifer L. McLain,
Director, Office of Ground Water and Drinking
Water.
For the reasons stated in the
preamble, the Environmental Protection
Agency amends 40 CFR part 141 as
follows:
PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY
DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS
1. The authority citation for part 141
continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 300f, 300g–1, 300g–
2, 300g–3, 300g–4, 300g–5, 300g–6, 300j–4,
300j–9, and 300j–11.
2. Amend appendix A to subpart C of
part 141 as follows:
■ a. In the table entitled
‘‘ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS
FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40
CFR 141.23(k)(1)’’ revising the entries
for ‘‘Antimony,’’ ‘‘Calcium,’’ ‘‘Copper,’’
‘‘Fluoride,’’ ‘‘Lead’’, ‘‘Magnesium,’’
‘‘Mercury,’’ ‘‘Nitrate,’’ ‘‘Nitrite,’’
■
‘‘Orthophosphate,’’ ‘‘pH,’’ and
‘‘Sodium’’ ;
■ b. Revise the table entitled
‘‘ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS
FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40
CFR 141.24(e)(1)’’;
■ c. In the table entitled
‘‘ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS
FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40
CFR 141.25(a)’’ revise the entry for
‘‘Radium 226’’;
■ d. Revise the table entitled
‘‘ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS
FOR DISINFECTANT RESIDUALS
LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.74(a)(2)’’;
■ e. In the table entitled
‘‘ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS
FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40
CFR 141.131(b)(1)’’ revise the entry for
‘‘Chlorite-daily monitoring as prescribed
in 40 CFR 141.132(b)(2)(i)(A)’’;
■ f. In the table entitled
‘‘ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS
FOR DISINFECTANT RESIDUALS
LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.131(c)(1)’’
revise the entries for ‘‘Free Chlorine,’’
‘‘Total Chlorine,’’ and ‘‘Chlorine
Dioxide’’;
■ g. In the table entitled
‘‘ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS
FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40
CFR 141.402(c)(2)’’ revise the entry for
‘‘E. coli’’;
■ h. Revise the table entitled
‘‘ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS
FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40
CFR 141.852(a)(5)’’;
■ i. In the table entitled
‘‘ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS
FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40
CFR 143.4(b)’’ revise the entries for
‘‘Chloride’’ and ‘‘Sulfate’’;
■ j. Revise footnotes ‘‘2’’, ‘‘3’’, ‘‘4’’, ‘‘8’’,
‘‘9’’, ‘‘13’’, ‘‘14’’, ‘‘16’’, ‘‘17’’, ‘‘24’’, ‘‘25’’,
‘‘26’’, ‘‘28’’, ‘‘29’’, ‘‘48’’, and ‘‘49’’; and,
■ k. Add footnotes 53 through 61.
The revisions and additions read as
follows:
Appendix A to Subpart C of Part 141—
Alternative Testing Methods Approved
for Analyses Under the Safe Drinking
Water Act
*
*
*
*
*
ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.23 (k)(1)
Contaminant
Methodology
EPA method
SM 21st
edition 1
SM 22nd
edition 28
Antimony .................
*
*
Hydride—Atomic Absorption ..................
*
................................
*
.....................
Atomic Absorption; Furnace ..................
................................
Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry
(AVICP–AES).
200.5, Revision
4.2 2.
*
*
EDTA titrimetric ......................................
Atomic Absorption; Direct Aspiration .....
Inductively Coupled Plasma ..................
*
................................
................................
................................
Calcium ...................
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18:33 May 25, 2021
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SM 23rd
edition 49
SM online 3
.....................
.....................
*
.....................
3113 B ........
3113 B ........
3113 B ........
*
3500–Ca B ..
3111 B ........
3120 B ........
3500–Ca B ..
3111 B ........
3120 B ........
Fmt 4700
*
*
Sfmt 4700
3500–Ca B ..
3111 B ........
3120 B.
ASTM 4
*
D 3697–07, –12,
–17.
3113 B–04,
B–10.
*
.....................
.....................
E:\FR\FM\26MYR1.SGM
*
D 511–09, –14 A.
D 511–09, –14 B.
26MYR1
Other
28285
Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 100 / Wednesday, May 26, 2021 / Rules and Regulations
ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.23 (k)(1)—Continued
Contaminant
Methodology
Copper ....................
Fluoride ...................
Lead ........................
Magnesium .............
Mercury ...................
Nitrate .....................
Nitrite ......................
Ortho-phosphate .....
pH ...........................
Sodium ...................
SM 21st
edition 1
SM 22nd
edition 28
SM 23rd
edition 49
SM online 3
.....................
.....................
D 6919–09, –17.
*
3113 B–04,
B–10.
.....................
*
D 1688–07, –12 C,
–17 C.
D 1688–07, –12 A,
–17 A.
.....................
................................
*
.....................
*
D 4327–11, –17.
.....................
D 1179–04, 10 B,
16 B.
.....................
................................
Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry
(AVICP–AES).
Ion Chromatography ..............................
200.5, Revision
4.2 2.
................................
.....................
.....................
*
*
Atomic Absorption; Furnace ..................
*
................................
*
3113 B ........
3113 B ........
3113 B ........
Atomic Absorption; Direct Aspiration .....
................................
3111 B ........
3111 B ........
3111 B ........
Inductively Coupled Plasma ..................
Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry
(AVICP–AES).
Colorimetry .............................................
................................
200.5, Revision
4.2 2.
3120 B ........
3120 B ........
3120 B.
................................
.....................
.....................
.....................
*
*
Ion Chromatography ..............................
Manual
Distillation;
Colorimetric
SPADNS.
Manual Electrode ...................................
*
................................
................................
*
4110 B ........
4500–F¥ B,
D.
4500–F¥ C
4110 B ........
4500–F¥ B,
D.
4500–F¥ C
4110 B ........
4500–F¥ B,
D.
4500–F¥ C
................................
*
*
ASTM 4
Automated Alizarin .................................
Arsenite-Free Colorimetric SPADNS .....
................................
................................
4500–F¥
E
.....................
4500–F¥
E
.....................
4500–F¥
Atomic Absorption; Furnace ..................
................................
3113 B ........
3113 B ........
3113 B ........
3113 B–04,
B–10.
D 3559–08 D, –15
D.
Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry
(AVICP–AES).
Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping
Voltametry.
Atomic Absorption ..................................
Inductively Coupled Plasma ..................
Complexation Titrimetric Methods .........
Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry
(AVICP–AES).
Ion Chromatography ..............................
Manual, Cold Vapor ...............................
200.5, Revision
4.2 2.
................................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
................................
................................
................................
................................
200.5, Revision
4.2 2.
3111 B ........
3120 B ........
3500–Mg B
3111 B ........
3120 B ........
3500–Mg B
3111 B ........
3120 B.
3500–Mg B
.....................
D 511–09, –14 B.
.....................
D 511–09, –14 A.
................................
................................
.....................
3112 B ........
.....................
3112 B ........
.....................
3112 B ........
.....................
3112 B–09 ..
D 6919–09, –17.
D 3223–12, –17.
*
*
Ion Chromatography ..............................
Automated Cadmium Reduction ............
*
................................
................................
................................
................................
Reduction/Colorimetric ...........................
................................
4110 B ........
4500–NO3¥
F.
4500–NO3¥
E.
4500–NO3¥
D.
.....................
*
D 4327–11, –17.
Ion Selective Electrode ..........................
4110 B ........
4500–NO3¥
F.
4500–NO3¥
E.
4500–NO3¥
D.
.....................
*
.....................
Manual Cadmium Reduction .................
*
4110 B ........
4500–NO3¥
F.
4500–NO3¥
E.
4500–NO3¥
D.
.....................
.....................
................................
Colorimetric; Direct ................................
................................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
................................
Capillary Ion Electrophoresis .................
Ion Chromatography ..............................
Automated Cadmium Reduction ............
................................
................................
................................
................................
................................
Reduction/Colorimetric ...........................
................................
.....................
4110 B ........
4500–NO3¥
F.
4500–NO3¥
E.
4500–NO2¥
B.
.....................
D 6508–15.
D 4327–11, –17.
Spectrophotometric ................................
.....................
4110 B ........
4500–NO3¥
F.
4500–NO3¥
E.
4500–NO2¥
B.
.....................
.....................
.....................
Manual Cadmium Reduction .................
.....................
4110 B ........
4500–NO3¥
F.
4500–NO3¥
E.
4500–NO2¥
B.
.....................
.....................
................................
Capillary Ion Electrophoresis .................
Ion Chromatography ..............................
Colorimetric, ascorbic acid, single reagent.
Colorimetric, Automated, Ascorbic Acid
................................
................................
................................
.....................
4110 B ........
4500–P E ....
.....................
4110 B ........
4500–P E ....
.....................
4110 B ........
4500–P E ....
D 6508–15.
D 4327–11, –17.
................................
4500–P F ....
4500–P F ....
4500–P F ....
Capillary Ion Electrophoresis .................
Electrometric ..........................................
................................
150.3 48 ..................
.....................
4500–H + B
.....................
4500–H + B
.....................
4500–H + B
.....................
.....................
4500–P E–
99.
4500–P F–
99.
.....................
.....................
*
*
Atomic Absorption; Direct Aspiration .....
Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry
(AVICP–AES).
Ion Chromatography ..............................
*
................................
200.5, Revision
4.2 2.
*
3111 B ........
3111 B ........
3111 B.
................................
.....................
.....................
.....................
*
VerDate Sep<11>2014
EPA method
18:33 May 25, 2021
*
Jkt 253001
*
PO 00000
Frm 00049
*
*
*
Fmt 4700
E.
.....................
*
Sfmt 4700
................................
D 6508–15.
D 1293–12, –18.
*
*
.....................
D 6919–09, –17.
*
E:\FR\FM\26MYR1.SGM
*
26MYR1
Other
Hach Method
8026.35
Hach Method
10272 36
Hach SPADNS. 2
Method 10225.22
Method 1001, Rev.
1.1 57
Systea Easy (1–Reagent).8
NECi Nitrate-Reductase.40
Hach TNTplusTM
835/836 Method
10206.23
Systea Easy (1–Reagent).8
NECi Nitrate-Reductase.40
Thermo Fisher Discrete Analyzer.41
28286
Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 100 / Wednesday, May 26, 2021 / Rules and Regulations
ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.24(e)(1)
Contaminant
Methodology
EPA method
SM 21st
edition 1
SM 22nd
edition 28,
SM 23rd
edition 49
Benzene ......................
Carbon tetrachloride ....
Chlorobenzene ............
1,2-Dichlorobenzene ...
1,4-Dichlorobenzene ...
1,2-Dichloroethane ......
cis-Dichloroethylene ....
trans-Dichloroethylene
Dichloromethane .........
1,2-Dichloropropane ....
Ethylbenzene ...............
Styrene ........................
Tetrachloroethylene .....
1,1,1-Trichloroethane ..
Trichloroethylene .........
Toluene ........................
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1,1-Dichloroethylene ....
1,1,2-Trichlorethane ....
Vinyl chloride ...............
Xylenes (total) .............
2,4–D ...........................
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...
Gas Chromatography/Electron Capture Detection (GC/
ECD).
Gas Chromatography/Electron Capture Detection (GC/
ECD).
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem
Mass Spectrometry (LC/ESI–MS/MS).
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with
post-column derivatization and fluorescence detection.
Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry .......................
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Ion Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem
Mass Spectrometry (IC–ESI–MS/MS).
Gas Chromatography/Electron Capture Detection (GC/
ECD).
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ....
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
............................
6640 B .....
6640 B .....
............................
6640 B .....
6640 B .....
............................
525.3.24.
2,4,5–TP (Silvex) .........
......................................
Atrazine .......................
Benzo(a)pyrene ...........
Carbofuran ...................
Dalapon .......................
Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate
Di(2ethylhexyl)phthalate.
Dibromochloropropane
(DBCP).
Dinoseb .......................
Endrin ..........................
Ethyl dibromide (EDB)
Glyphosate ..................
Heptachlor ...................
Heptachlor Epoxide .....
Hexachlorobenzene .....
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene.
Lindane ........................
Methoxychlor ...............
Oxamyl ........................
PCBs (as Aroclors) ......
Pentachlorophenol .......
Picloram .......................
VerDate Sep<11>2014
Gas Chromatography/Electron Capture Detection (GC/
ECD).
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ....
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with
Post-Column Derivatization and Fluorescence Detection.
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with
post-column derivatization and fluorescence detection.
Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry .......................
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Gas Chromatography/Electron Capture Detection (GC/
ECD).
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Gas Chromatography/Electron Capture Detection (GC/
ECD).
18:33 May 25, 2021
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PO 00000
Frm 00050
Fmt 4700
SM online 3
Other
6640 B–01,
B–06.
6640 B–01,
B–06.
536.25.
525.3 24, 523.26.
525.3.24.
............................
6610 B .....
6610 B .....
6610 B–04.
............................
525.3.24.
..................
..................
..................
6640 B .....
6640 B .....
6640 B–01,
B–06.
6640 B .....
6640 B .....
6640 B–01,
B–06.
6651 B .....
6651 B .....
6651 B–00,
B–05.
............................
6610 B .....
6610 B .....
6610 B–04.
............................
525.3.24.
..................
..................
..................
............................
6640 B .....
6640 B .....
6640 B–01,
B–06.
6640 B .....
6640 B .....
6640 B–01,
B–06.
ME 531.58
557.14.
............................
525.3.24.
525.3.24.
524.3.9.
............................
525.3.24.
524.3.9.
............................
525.3.24.
525.3.24.
525.3.24.
525.3.24.
525.3.24.
525.3.24.
525.3.24.
............................
Sfmt 4700
E:\FR\FM\26MYR1.SGM
26MYR1
ME 531.58
28287
Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 100 / Wednesday, May 26, 2021 / Rules and Regulations
ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.24(e)(1)—Continued
Contaminant
Methodology
Simazine ......................
Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem
Mass Spectrometry (LC/ESI–MS/MS).
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ....
Toxaphene ...................
Total Trihalomethanes
SM 22nd
edition 28,
SM 23rd
edition 49
SM 21st
edition 1
EPA method
SM online 3
Other
536.25.
525.3 24, 523.26.
525.3.24.
524.3 9, 524.4.29.
ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.25(a)
Contaminant
Methodology
EPA method
SM 21st
edition 1
SM 22nd
edition 28, SM
23rd edition 49
ASTM 4
*
Radium 226 .......................
*
Radon emanation ..............
Radiochemical ...................
Gamma Spectrometry .......
*
903.1, Rev. 1.0 53 ...
903.0, Rev. 1.0 54 ...
................................
*
7500–Ra C ....
7500–Ra B ....
.......................
*
7500–Ra C ....
7500–Ra B ....
7500–Ra E ....
*
D 3454–05, –18.
D 2460–07.
......................................
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
SM online 3
*
7500–Ra E–07.
*
*
*
ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR DISINFECTANT RESIDUALS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.74(a)(2)
Residual
Methodology
EPA methods
SM 21st
edition 1
SM 22nd
edition 28, SM
23rd edition 49
Free Chlorine ...............
Amperometric Titration
.......................
4500–Cl D .....
4500–Cl D .....
.......................
4500–Cl F .....
4500–Cl F.
.......................
.......................
4500–Cl G .....
.......................
4500–Cl G .....
.......................
.......................
4500–Cl H .....
4500–Cl H.
Total Chlorine ..............
DPD Ferrous
Titrimetric.
DPD Colorimetric ........
Indophenol Colorimetric.
Syringaldazine
(FACTS).
On-line Chlorine Analyzer.
Amperometric Sensor
Amperometric Titration
.......................
.......................
.......................
4500–Cl D .....
.......................
4500–Cl D .....
.......................
4500–Cl E .....
4500–Cl E.
.......................
4500–Cl F .....
4500–Cl F.
.......................
.......................
334.0 16.
4500–Cl G .....
4500–Cl I .......
.......................
127.55.
.......................
.......................
.......................
.......................
Chlorine Dioxide ..........
Ozone ..........................
Amperometric Titration
(Low level measurement).
DPD Ferrous
Titrimetric.
DPD Colorimetric ........
Iodometric Electrode ..
On-line Chlorine Analyzer.
Amperometric Sensor
Indophenol Colorimetric.
Amperometric Titration
Amperometric Titration
Amperometric Sensor
Indigo Method .............
ASTM 4
Other
D 1253–08,
–14.
.......................
.......................
Hach Method 10260.31
Hach Method 10241.34
.......................
D 1253–08,
–14.
ChloroSense 17, ChloroSense Rev. 1.1.59
4500–Cl G .....
4500–Cl I.
.......................
Hach Method 10260.31
.......................
.......................
.......................
ChloroSense 17, ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1.59
4500–ClO2 C
4500–ClO2 E
.......................
4500–O3 B ....
4500–ClO2 C.
4500–ClO2 E.
.......................
4500–O3 B.
.......................
ChlordioX Plus 32, ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.1.60
334.0 16.
ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.131(b)(1)
Contaminant
Methodology
EPA method
ASTM 4
*
Chlorite—daily monitoring as prescribed in
40 CFR
141.132(b)(2)(i)(A).
*
Amperometric Titration ..
Amperometric Sensor ....
*
.......................
.......................
*
.......................
.......................
VerDate Sep<11>2014
18:33 May 25, 2021
Jkt 253001
PO 00000
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Fmt 4700
SM online 3
SM 21st
edition 1
*
....................... 4500–ClO2 E
....................... .......................
Sfmt 4700
E:\FR\FM\26MYR1.SGM
SM 22nd
edition 28, SM
23rd Edition 49
*
4500–ClO2 E
.......................
26MYR1
Other
*
ChlordioX Plus 32,
ChlordioX Plus, Rev.
1.1.60
28288
Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 100 / Wednesday, May 26, 2021 / Rules and Regulations
ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR DISINFECTANT RESIDUALS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.131(c)(1)
Residual
Methodology
SM 21st edition 1
SM 22nd edition,28
SM 23rd edition 49
Free Chlorine .....................................
Amperometric Titration ............
DPD Ferrous Titrimetric ..........
DPD Colorimetric ....................
Indophenol Colorimetric ..........
Syringaldazine (FACTS) .........
Amperometric Sensor .............
4500–Cl D ...............
4500–Cl F ................
4500–Cl G ...............
..................................
4500–Cl H ...............
..................................
4500–Cl D ...............
4500–Cl F.
4500–Cl G ...............
..................................
4500–Cl H.
..................................
D 1253–08, –14.
On-line Chlorine Analyzer .......
..................................
..................................
..................................
*
*
Amperometric Titration ............
Low level Amperometric Titration.
DPD Ferrous Titrimetric ..........
DPD Colorimetric ....................
Iodometric Electrode ...............
Amperometric Sensor .............
*
4500–Cl D ...............
4500–Cl E ...............
*
4500–Cl D ...............
4500–Cl E.
*
D 1253–08, –14.
4500–Cl F ................
4500–Cl G ...............
4500–Cl I .................
..................................
4500–Cl F.
4500–Cl G ...............
4500–Cl I.
..................................
On-line Chlorine Analyzer .......
Amperometric Method II .........
Amperometric Sensor .............
..................................
4500–ClO2 E ...........
..................................
..................................
4500–ClO2 E.
..................................
*
Total Chlorine ....................................
Chlorine Dioxide ................................
*
*
*
*
ASTM 4
Other
..................................
..................................
Hach Method 10260.31
Hach Method 10241.34
..................................
ChloroSense 17,
ChloroSense, Rev.
1.1.59
EPA 334.0.16
*
..................................
Hach Method 10260.31
..................................
ChloroSense,17
ChloroSense, Rev.
1.1.59
EPA 334.0.16
..................................
..................................
ChlordioX Plus,32
ChlordioX Plus,
Rev. 1.1.60
*
ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.402(c)(2)
Organism
Methodology
SM 20th
edition 6
SM 21st
edition 1
SM 22nd
edition 28
SM 23rd
edition 49
SM online 3
E. coli ........................................
Colilert ......................................
..................
9223 B .....
9223 B .....
9223 B .....
Colisure ....................................
..................
9223 B .....
9223 B .....
9223 B .....
Colilert–18 ................................
9223 B .....
9223 B .....
9223 B .....
9223 B .....
Readycult® ...............................
Colitag ......................................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
9223 B–97, B–
04.
9223 B–97, B–
04.
9223 B–97, B–
04.
...........................
...........................
Chromocult® .............................
EC–MUG ..................................
NA–MUG ..................................
m-ColiBlue24 Test ...................
Tecta EC/TC33 43.
RAPID’E.coli 2 56.
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
9221 F ......
..................
..................
..................
9221 F .....
9222 I.
9222 J.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
...........................
9221 F–06.
Other
Readycult®.20
Modified ColitagTM 13,
Modified ColitagTM,
Version 2.0.61
Chromocult®.21
*
*
*
ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.852(a)(5)
Organism
Methodology
category
Method
SM 20th, 21st
editions 1 6
SM 22nd
edition 28
Total Coliforms ......................
Lactose Fermentation Methods.
Standard Total Coliform Fermentation Technique.
Presence-Absence (P–A)
Coliform Test.
Standard Total Coliform
Membrane Filter Procedure using Endo Media.
Simultaneous Detection of
Total Coliforms and E. coli
by Dual Chromogen Membrane Filter Procedure
(using mColiBlue24 medium).
.........................
9221 B.1, B.2 ..
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
9221 B.1, B.2,
B.3, B.4.
9221 D.1, D.2,
D.3.
9222 B, C.
.........................
.........................
9222 J.
Membrane Filtration Methods.
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edition 49
SM online 3
9221 B.1, B.2–
06.
28289
Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 100 / Wednesday, May 26, 2021 / Rules and Regulations
ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.852(a)(5)—Continued
SM 20th, 21st
editions 1 6
SM 22nd
edition 28
SM 23rd
edition 49
.........................
.........................
9223 B .............
9223 B .............
9223 B .............
9223 B .............
9223 B .............
9223 B .............
9223 B .............
9223 B–04
9223 B–04.
9223 B–04.
.........................
9221 F.1 ..........
9221 F.1 ..........
9221 F.1–06.
EC broth with MUG (EC–
MUG).
.........................
.........................
9222 H.
NA–MUG medium ................
mColiBlue24 medium ...........
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
9222 I.
9222 J.
.........................
.........................
9223 B .............
9223 B .............
9223 B .............
9223 B .............
9223 B .............
9223 B .............
9223 B .............
Methodology
category
Organism
Method
Simultaneous Detection of
Total Coliform Bacteria
and Escherichia coli Using
RAPID’E.coli (REC2) in
Drinking Water.56
Colilert® ................................
Colisure® ..............................
Colilert–18 ............................
Tecta EC/TC.33 43 .................
Modified ColitagTM, Version
2.0.61.
EC–MUG medium ................
Enzyme Substrate Methods
Escherichia coli .....................
Escherichia coli Procedure
(following Lactose Fermentation Methods).
Escherichia coli Partitioning
Methods (following Membrane Filtration Methods).
Simultaneous Detection of
Total Coliforms and E. coli
by Dual Chromogen Membrane Filter Procedure.
Membrane Filtration Method
Simultaneous Detection of
Total Coliform Bacteria
and Escherichia coli Using
RAPID’E.coli (REC2) in
Drinking Water.56
Colilert® ................................
Colisure® ..............................
Colilert–18 ............................
Tecta EC/TC.33 43
Modified ColitagTM, Version
2.0.61.
Enzyme Substrate Methods
SM online 3
9223 B–04.
9223 B–04.
9223 B–04.
ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 143.4(b)
Contaminant
Chloride .............
Sulfate ...............
Methodology
SM 22nd
edition,28 SM
23rd edition 49
SM 21st
edition 1
ASTM 4
EPA method
SM online 3
*
*
*
*
*
*
Silver Nitrate Titration ............................... ............................ D 512–04 B, 12
4500–Cl¥ B ....... 4500–Cl¥ B.
B.
Ion Chromatography ................................. ............................ D 4327–11, –17
4110 B ................ 4110 B.
Potentiometric Titration ............................. ............................ ............................ 4500–Cl¥ D ....... 4500–Cl¥ D.
*
*
*
*
Ion Chromatography .................................
Gravimetric with ignition of residue ..........
Gravimetric with drying of residue ............
Turbidimetric method ................................
Automated methylthymol blue method .....
*
*
*
*
............................
............................
............................
............................
............................
*
*
D 4327–11, –17
............................
............................
D 516–07, 11, 16
............................
*
4110 B ................
4500–SO4 2 ¥ C
4500–SO4 2 ¥ D
4500–SO4 2¥ E ..
4500–SO4 2¥ F ..
*
*
4110 B.
4500–SO4 2¥
4500–SO4 2¥
4500–SO4 2¥
4500–SO4 2¥
*
C
D
E
F
..
..
..
..
4500–SO4 2¥
4500–SO4 2¥
4500–SO4 2¥
4500–SO4 2¥
C–97.
D–97.
E–97.
F–97.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
1 Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 21st edition (2005). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street NW, Washington, DC 20001–3710.
2 EPA Method 200.5, Revision 4.2. ‘‘Determination of Trace Elements in Drinking Water by Axially Viewed Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry.’’ 2003. EPA/600/R–06/115. (Available at https://www.epa.gov/water-research/epa-drinking-water-research-methods.)
3 Standard Methods Online are available at https://www.standardmethods.org. The year in which each method was approved by the Standard Methods Committee is
designated by the last two digits in the method number. The methods listed are the only online versions that may be used.
4 Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428–2959 or https://astm.org. The methods listed are the only alternative
versions that may be used.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
6 Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th edition (1998). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street NW, Washington, DC 20001–3710.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
8 Systea Easy (1-Reagent). ‘‘Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method,’’ February 4, 2009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov or from Systea Scientific, LLC., 900
Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL 60523.
9 EPA Method 524.3, Version 1.0. ‘‘Measurement of Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry.’’ June
2009. EPA 815–B–09–009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
13 Modified ColitagTM Method, ‘‘Modified ColitagTM Test Method for the Simultaneous Detection of E. coli and other Total Coliforms in Water (ATP D05–0035),’’ August 28, 2009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov or from CPI International, 5580 Skylane Boulevard, Santa Rosa, CA 95403.
14 EPA Method 557. ‘‘Determination of Haloacetic Acids, Bromate, and Dalapon in Drinking Water by Ion Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass
Spectrometry (IC–ESI–MS/MS),’’ September 2009. EPA 815–B–09–012. Available at https://www.nemi.gov.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
16 EPA Method 334.0. ‘‘Determination of Residual Chlorine in Drinking Water Using an On-line Chlorine Analyzer,’’ September 2009. EPA 815–B–09–013. Available
at https://www.nemi.gov.
17 ChloroSense. ‘‘Measurement of Free and Total Chlorine in Drinking Water by Palintest ChloroSense,’’ August 2009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov or from
Palintest Ltd, 1455 Jamike Avenue (Suite 100), Erlanger, KY 41018.
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*
*
*
*
*
*
*
20 Readycult® Method, ‘‘Readycult® Coliforms 100 Presence/Absence Test for Detection and Identification of Coliform Bacteria and Escherichia coli in Finished
Waters,’’ January, 2007. Version 1.1. Available from EMD Millipore (division of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), 290 Concord Road, Billerica, MA 01821.
21 Chromocult® Method, ‘‘Chromocult® Coliform Agar Presence/Absence Membrane Filter Test Method for Detection and Identification of Coliform Bacteria and
Escherichia coli in Finished Waters,’’ November, 2000. Version 1.0. EMD Millipore (division of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), 290 Concord Road, Billerica, MA
01821.
22 Hach Company. ‘‘Hach Company SPADNS 2 (Arsenite-Free) Fluoride Method 10225—Spectrophotometric Measurement of Fluoride in Water and Wastewater,’’
January 2011. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, Colorado 80539.
23 Hach Company. ‘‘Hach Company TNTplusTM 835/836 Nitrate Method 10206—Spectrophotometric Measurement of Nitrate in Water and Wastewater,’’ January
2011. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, Colorado 80539.
24 EPA Method 525.3. ‘‘Determination of Semivolatile Organic Chemicals in Drinking Water by and Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/
MS),’’ February 2012. EPA/600/R–12/010. Available at https://www.epa.gov/water-research/epa-drinking-water-research-methods.
25 EPA Method 536. ‘‘Determination of Triazine Pesticides and their Degradates in Drinking Water by Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass
Spectrometry (LC/ESI–MS/MS).’’ October 2007. EPA 815–B–07–002. Available at the National Service Center for Environmental Publications (EPA Method 536).
26 EPA Method 523. ‘‘Determination of Triazine Pesticides and their Degradates in Drinking Water by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).’’ February
2011. EPA 815–R–11–002. Available at the National Service Center for Environmental Publications (EPA Method 523).
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
28 Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 22nd edition (2012). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street NW,
Washington, DC 20001–3710.
29 EPA Method 524.4, Version 1.0. ‘‘Measurement of Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry using Nitrogen Purge
Gas.’’ May 2013. EPA 815–R–13–002. Available at the National Service Center for Environmental Publications (EPA Method 524.4).
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
31 Hach Company. ‘‘Hach Method 10260—Determination of Chlorinated Oxidants (Free and Total) in Water Using Disposable Planar Reagent-filled Cuvettes and
Mesofluidic Channel Colorimetry,’’ April 2013. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539.
32 ChlordioX Plus. ‘‘Chlorine Dioxide and Chlorite in Drinking Water by Amperometry using Disposable Sensors,’’ November 2013. Available from Palintest Ltd,
1455 Jamike Avenue (Suite 100), Erlanger, KY 41018.
33 Tecta EC/TC. ‘‘TechtaTM EC/TC Medium and TechtaTM Instrument: A Presence/Absence Method for the Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliforms and Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Drinking Water,’’ version 1.0, May 2014. Available from Pathogen Detection Systems, Inc., 382 King Street East, Kingston, Ontario, Canada,
K7K 2Y2.
34 Hach Company. ‘‘Hach Method 10241—Spectrophotometric Measurement of Free Chlorine (Cl ) in Drinking Water,’’ November 2015. Revision 1.2. 5600 Lind2
bergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539.
35 Hach Company. ‘‘Hach Method 8026—Spectrophotometric Measurement of Copper in Finished Drinking Water,’’ December 2015. Revision 1.2. 5600 Lindbergh
Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539.
36 Hach Company. ‘‘Hach Method 10272—Spectrophotometric Measurement of Copper in Finished Drinking Water,’’ December 2015. Revision 1.2. 5600 Lindbergh
Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
40 Nitrate Elimination Company, Inc. (NECi). ‘‘Method for Nitrate Reductase Nitrate-Nitrogen Analysis of Drinking Water,’’ February 2016. Superior Enzymes, Inc.,
334 Hecla Street, Lake Linden, Michigan 49945.
41 Thermo Fisher. ‘‘Thermo Fisher Scientific Drinking Water Orthophosphate Method for Thermo Scientific Gallery Discrete Analyzer,’’ February 2016. Revision 5.
Thermo Fisher Scientific, Ratastie 2, 01620 Vantaa, Finland.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
43 Tecta EC/TC. ‘‘TectaTM EC/TC Medium and the TectaTM Instrument: A Presence/Absence Method for the Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliforms and Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Drinking Water,’’ version 2.0, February 2017. Available from Pathogen Detection Systems, Inc., 382 King Street East, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7K 2Y2.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
48 EPA Method 150.3. ‘‘Determination of pH in Drinking Water,’’ February 2017. EPA 815–B–17–001. Available at the National Service Center for Environmental
Publications (EPA Method 150.3).
49 Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 23rd edition (2017). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street NW,
Washington, DC 20001–3710.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
53 EPA Method 903.1, Rev. 1.0. ‘‘Radium-226 in Drinking Water Radon Emanation Technique.’’ January 2021. EPA 815–B–21–003. Available at the National Service Center for Environmental Publications (EPA Method 903.1).
54 EPA Method 903.0, Rev. 1.0. ‘‘Alpha-Emitting Radium Isotopes in Drinking Water.’’ January 2021. EPA 815–B–21–002. Available at the National Service Center
for Environmental Publications (EPA Method 903.0).
55 EPA Method 127. ‘‘Determination of Monochloramine Concentration in Drinking Water.’’ January 2021. EPA 815–B–21–004. Available at the National Service
Center for Environmental Publications (EPA Method 127).
56 Bio-Rad. ‘‘Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliform Bacteria and Escherichia coli using RAPID’E. coli 2 (REC2) in Drinking Water.’’ May 2020. Bio-Rad Laboratories, 2000 Nobel Drive, Hercules, California 94547.
57 Method 1001, Rev. 1.1. ‘‘Lead in Drinking Water by Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry.’’ May 2020. Palintest Ltd, 400 Corporate Circle, Suite J,
Golden, CO 80401.
58 ME 531, Version 1.0. ‘‘Measurement of N-Methylcarbamoyloximes and N-Methylcarbamates in Drinking Water by LC–MS/MS. September 2019. Maine Health
Environmental Testing Laboratory, 221 State Street, Augusta, ME 04330.
59 ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1. ‘‘Free and Total Chlorine in Drinking Water by Amperometry using Disposable Sensors.’’ February 2020. Palintest Ltd, 400 Corporate Circle, Suite J, Golden, CO 80401.
60 ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.1. ‘‘Chlorine Dioxide and Chlorite in Drinking Water by Amperometry using Disposable Sensors.’’ February 2020. Palintest Ltd, 400 Corporate Circle, Suite J, Golden, CO 80401.
61 Modified ColitagTM, Version 2.0. ‘‘Modified ColitagTM Test Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Total Coliforms and E. coli in Water.’’ June 2020.
Neogen Corporation, 620 Lesher Place, Lansing, MI 48912.
[FR Doc. 2021–10974 Filed 5–25–21; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
Federal Emergency Management
Agency
44 CFR Part 64
[Docket ID FEMA–2021–0003; Internal
Agency Docket No. FEMA–8681]
Suspension of Community Eligibility
Federal Emergency
Management Agency, DHS.
AGENCY:
18:33 May 25, 2021
Final rule.
This rule identifies
communities where the sale of flood
insurance has been authorized under
the National Flood Insurance Program
(NFIP) that are scheduled for
suspension on the effective dates listed
within this rule because of
noncompliance with the floodplain
management requirements of the
program. If the Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA) receives
documentation that the community has
adopted the required floodplain
management measures prior to the
effective suspension date given in this
rule, the suspension will not occur.
Information identifying the current
SUMMARY:
DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND
SECURITY
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participation status of a community can
be obtained from FEMA’s CSB available
at www.fema.gov/flood-insurance/workwith-nfip/community-status-book.
Please note that per Revisions to
Publication Requirements for
Community Eligibility Status
Information Under the National Flood
Insurance Program, notices such as this
one for scheduled suspension will no
longer be published in the Federal
Register as of June 2021 but will be
available at National Flood Insurance
Community Status and Public
Notification | FEMA.gov. Individuals
without internet access will be able to
contact their local floodplain
management official and/or State NFIP
E:\FR\FM\26MYR1.SGM
26MYR1
]]>Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 86, Number 100 (Wednesday, May 26, 2021)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 28277-28290]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2021-10974]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 141
[EPA-HQ-OW-2021-0079; FRL 10022-49-OW]
Expedited Approval of Alternative Test Procedures for the
Analysis of Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking Water Act; Analysis
and Sampling Procedures
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: This action announces the Environmental Protection Agency's
(EPA) approval of alternative testing methods for use in measuring the
levels of contaminants in drinking water to determine compliance with
national primary drinking water regulations. The Safe Drinking Water
Act authorizes EPA to approve the use of alternative testing methods
through publication in the Federal Register. EPA is using this
streamlined authority to make 17 additional methods available for
analyzing drinking water samples. This expedited approach provides
public water systems, laboratories, and primacy agencies with more
timely access to new measurement techniques and greater flexibility in
the selection of analytical methods, thereby reducing
[[Page 28278]]
monitoring costs while maintaining public health protection.
DATES: This action is effective May 26, 2021.
ADDRESSES: EPA has established a docket for this action under Docket ID
No. EPA-HQ-OW-2021-0079. All documents in the docket are listed on the
https://www.regulations.gov website. Although listed in the index, some
information is not publicly available, e.g., confidential business
information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted
by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, is
not placed on the internet and will be publicly available only in hard
copy form. Publicly available docket materials are available
electronically through https://www.regulations.gov.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Glynda Smith, Technical Support
Center, Standards and Risk Management Division, Office of Ground Water
and Drinking Water (MS 140), Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West
Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268; telephone number:
(513) 569-7652; email address: [email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. General Information
A. Does this action apply to me?
Public water systems are the regulated entities required to measure
contaminants in drinking water samples. In addition, EPA Regions as
well as State and Tribal governments with authority to administer the
regulatory program for public water systems under the Safe Drinking
Water Act (SDWA) may measure contaminants in water samples. When EPA
sets a monitoring requirement in its national primary drinking water
regulations for a given contaminant, the Agency also establishes (in
the regulations) standardized test procedures for analysis of the
contaminant. This action makes alternative testing methods available
for particular drinking water contaminants beyond the testing methods
currently established in the regulations. Drinking water systems, in
consultation with the laboratories that support their compliance
monitoring, may choose to use a test procedure established in the
existing regulations, an alternative testing method that was approved
in prior expedited approval actions, or an alternative method approved
in this action. Categories and entities that may ultimately be affected
by this action include:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Examples of potentially
Category regulated entities NAICS \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
State, local, & tribal State, local and tribal 924110
governments. governments that
analyze water samples
on behalf of public
water systems required
to conduct such
analysis; state, local
and tribal governments
that directly operate
community and non-
transient non-
community water
systems required to
monitor.
Industry....................... Private operators of 221310
community and non-
transient non-
community water
systems required to
monitor.
Municipalities................. Municipal operators of 924110
community and non-
transient non-
community water
systems required to
monitor.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ North American Industry Classification System.
This table is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a
guide for readers regarding entities likely to be interested in this
action. Other types of entities not listed in the table could also have
some interest. To determine whether your facility is affected by this
action, you should carefully examine the applicability language in the
Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) at 40 CFR 141.2 (definition of a
public water system). If you have questions regarding the applicability
of this action to a particular entity, consult the person listed in the
preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
Abbreviations and Acronyms Used in This Action
APHA: American Public Health Association
ATP: Alternate Test Procedure
CBI: Confidential Business Information
CFR: Code of Federal Regulations
DPASV: Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry
DPD: N,N-Diethyl-p-phenylenediamine
EPA: United States Environmental Protection Agency
GWR: Ground Water Rule
MCA: Monochloramine
MPN: Most probable number
NAICS: North American Industry Classification System
QC: Quality Control
RTCR: Revised Total Coliform Rule
SDWA: The Safe Drinking Water Act
SWTR: Surface Water Treatment Rule
SM: Standard Methods
VCSB: Voluntary Consensus Standard Bodies
II. Background
A. What is the purpose of this action?
In this action, EPA is approving 17 analytical methods for
determining contaminant concentrations in drinking water samples
collected under SDWA. Regulated entities required to sample and monitor
may use either the testing methods already established in existing
regulations or the alternative testing methods being approved in this
action or in prior expedited approval actions. The new methods are
listed along with other methods similarly approved through previous
expedited actions in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) at 40 CFR
part 141, appendix A to subpart C and on EPA's drinking water methods
website at https://www.epa.gov/dwanalyticalmethods.
B. What is the basis for this action?
When EPA determines that an alternative analytical method is
``equally effective'' (i.e., as effective as a method that has already
been promulgated in the regulations), SDWA allows EPA to approve the
use of the alternative testing method through publication in the
Federal Register (see SDWA section 1401(1)). EPA is using this
streamlined approval authority to make 17 additional methods available
for determining contaminant concentrations in drinking water samples
collected under SDWA. EPA has determined that, for each contaminant or
group of contaminants listed in Section III of this document, the
additional testing methods being approved in this action are as
effective as one or more of the testing methods already approved in the
regulations for those contaminants. Section 1401(1) of SDWA states that
the newly approved methods ``shall be treated as an alternative for
public water systems to the quality control and testing procedures
listed in the regulation.'' Accordingly, this action makes these
additional 17 analytical methods legally available as options for
meeting EPA's monitoring requirements.
This action does not add regulatory language, but does, for
informational purposes, update an appendix to the regulations at 40 CFR
part 141 that lists all methods approved under section
[[Page 28279]]
1401(1) of SDWA. Accordingly, while this action is not a rule, it is
updating CFR text and therefore is being published in the ``Final
Rules'' section of the Federal Register.
III. Summary of Approvals
EPA is approving 17 methods that are equally effective relative to
methods previously promulgated in the regulations. By means of this
action, these 17 methods are added to appendix A to subpart C of 40 CFR
part 141.
A. Methods Developed by EPA
1. EPA Method 903.0, Revision 1.0. Alpha-Emitting Radium Isotopes
in Drinking Water (USEPA 2021a). EPA Method 903.0 (USEPA 1980a) was
published in the drinking water regulations at 40 CFR 141.25(a) as a
screening method for radium-226. The approved method describes a
single-point calibration, contains no quality control specifications,
and provides no calculation for the drinking water detection limit. EPA
Method 903.0, Revision 1.0 was developed in response to comments from
stakeholders requesting a method revision that provides clearly defined
calibration and quality control criteria to assure a more robust
procedure capable of yielding consistent and reliable analytical
results. The methodology relative to the approved method is unchanged.
The importance of timing intervals is also discussed in the revised
method. The primary interferences in radium-226 determination are due
to activity contributed by radium-224 and, to a lesser degree, radium-
223. Due to their short half-lives, the interferences due to radium-224
and radium-223 can be minimized if samples are held at least two weeks
prior to counting.
The revised method contains detailed instructions on preparing an
appropriate calibration curve based on the allowable yield range
instead of relying on a single-point calibration. Alpha particle
response is sensitive to the level of solid residue left in the final
precipitate. A single-point calibration assumes that every sample will
yield the same mass of solid precipitate. Assessing the alpha
efficiency based on a yield range will improve the accuracy in the
final calculated activity.
The revised method contains the quality control specifications that
laboratories are expected to follow in order to obtain certification to
analyze drinking water compliance samples. In addition to incorporation
of specific quality control requirements and acceptance criteria, the
revised method also allows the option to incorporate barium-133 as a
radiochemical yield monitor. The currently approved method relies on
gravimetric determination of the final barium sulfate precipitate to
estimate the fractional yield of radium carried on the precipitate.
Barium-133 is a non-interfering gamma emitter that is carried through
the precipitation and complexation steps along with radium-226.
Incorporation of a radiochemical yield monitor provides a sensitive
option to assess yield based on activity instead of mass.
The revised method contains an expanded ``calculations'' section
that includes the appropriate equation for determining the drinking
water detection limit as defined in the regulations at 40 CFR
141.25(c).
EPA has determined that EPA Method 903.0, Revision 1.0 is equally
effective for screening drinking water samples for radium-226, relative
to the approved method. The basis for this determination is discussed
in greater detail in Smith 2020b. Therefore, EPA is approving EPA
Method 903.0, Revision 1.0 for determining alpha-emitting radium
isotopes in drinking water. EPA Method 903.0 Rev. 1.0 is available at
the National Service Center for Environmental Publications.
2. EPA Method 903.1, Revision 1.0. Radium-226 in Drinking Water
Radon Emanation Technique (USEPA 2021b). EPA Method 903.1 (USEPA 1980b)
was published in the drinking water regulations at 40 CFR 141.25(a) as
a specific method for determination of radium-226. The approved method
contains limited calibration information, no quality control
specifications, no uncertainty calculation, and provides no calculation
for the drinking water detection limit. As noted previously in the
discussion about EPA Method 903.0, Rev. 1.0, EPA Method 903.1, Rev. 1.0
was also developed in response to comments from stakeholders requesting
a method revision with calibration and quality control criteria.
The methodology in the revised method is unchanged and involves
isolating the alpha-emitting radium isotopes through selective
precipitation and complexation steps. Radon-222, the progeny of radium-
226, is allowed to ingrow and is then purged into an alpha
scintillation cell for subsequent counting.
The revised method contains the quality control specifications that
laboratories are expected to follow in order to obtain certification to
analyze drinking water compliance samples. In addition to incorporation
of specific quality control requirements and acceptance criteria, the
revised method provides additional options for assessing yield. The
currently approved method specifies a barium sulfate precipitation step
to estimate the fractional yield of radium carried on the precipitate.
One option in the revised method allows the incorporation of barium-133
as a radiochemical yield monitor. Barium-133 is a non-interfering gamma
emitter that is carried through the procedure along with radium-226 and
counted directly without requiring an additional precipitation step.
Another option for determining yield on the radium-containing solution
is to use atomic spectroscopy techniques.
The revised method provides expanded uncertainty calculations based
on the fact that each radon-222 atom yields three short-lived alpha-
emitting progeny. When half-life is short relative to the counting
time, and detector efficiency is high, such as that obtained with alpha
scintillation cells, there is an increased probability of observing a
count not only from the parent, but also from the progeny.
The revised method also contains an expanded ``calculations''
section that includes the equation for determining the drinking water
detection limit as defined in the regulations at 40 CFR 141.25(c).
EPA has determined that EPA Method 903.1, Revision 1.0 is equally
effective for determining radium-226 in drinking water samples,
relative to the approved method. The basis for this determination is
discussed in greater detail in Smith 2020c. Therefore, EPA is approving
EPA Method 903.1, Revision 1.0 for the determination of radium-226 in
drinking water. EPA Method 903.1 Rev. 1.0 is available at the National
Service Center for Environmental Publications.
3. EPA Method 127. Determination of Monochloramine Concentration in
Drinking Water (USEPA 2021c). The Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR)
(USEPA 1989) specifies at 40 CFR 141.72(a)(4)(i) and at 40 CFR
141.72(b)(3)(i) that water systems must maintain a detectable
disinfectant residual in the distribution system. The disinfectant
residual can be in the form of total chlorine, combined chlorine or
chlorine dioxide. In addition, 40 CFR 141.72(a)(3) and 40 CFR
141.74(b)(5) require that the residual disinfectant concentration in
water entering the distribution system cannot fall below 0.2 mg/L for
more than four hours. When the SWTR was promulgated, systems primarily
relied on free chlorine as a secondary disinfectant to assure
maintenance of a detectable residual in the distribution system. More
systems have since switched to
[[Page 28280]]
the use of chloramination in order to reduce formation of regulated
disinfection byproducts. Water systems have relied on measurement of
chloramines using the total chlorine N,N-diphenylenediamine (DPD)
colorimetric procedure described in Standard Method 4500-Cl G-00 (APHA
2000), which is approved under the SWTR at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(2). Because
the DPD reagent can react with a variety of other oxidants that may be
present (e.g., organochloramines and manganese), this approach may
result in an overestimation of the total chlorine residual.
Organochloramines have little to no disinfection efficacy.
Disinfection based on chloramination relies on producing
monochloramine (MCA), dichloramine, and nitrogen trichloride. At
typical drinking water distribution system pH levels (7-9), MCA
predominates and is more effective and stable for disinfection than
dichloramine or nitrogen trichloride. While no method was available for
specific MCA measurement at the time the SWTR was promulgated, such
capability now exists. EPA Method 127 was developed using commercially
available reagents and instrumentation. Monochloramine in the presence
of a cyanoferrate catalyst reacts with a substituted phenol to form an
intermediate monoimine compound. The intermediate couples with excess
substituted phenol to form a green-colored indophenol, which is
proportional to the amount of monochloramine present in the sample. The
indophenol can be measured using either a colorimeter or a
spectrophotometer. It is not subject to the interferences observed with
DPD determination and the technique is already used by water systems
for (non-regulatory) process control monitoring or as part of a
nitrification control plan. The method incorporates quality control
specifications to assure robustness and performance.
In addition to internal studies by EPA, two public water systems
(PWSs) that employ chloramination for disinfection participated in
method validation studies, comparing the performance of EPA Method 127
to the performance of the approved DPD procedure. The validation study
report (Alexander, Waters, and Wahman, 2020), summarizing the results
from the PWSs' and EPA's studies, details the precision, accuracy, and
sensitivity tests that were performed.
EPA has determined that EPA Method 127 is equally effective
relative to the approved method for determining total chlorine as
monochloramine in finished drinking water. The basis for this
determination is discussed in greater detail in Alexander 2021.
Therefore, EPA is approving EPA Method 127 for the determination of
total chlorine as monochloramine in assessing both minimum disinfection
residual at the entry point to the distribution system and detectable
disinfectant residual within the distribution system under the SWTR.
EPA Method 127 is available at the National Service Center for
Environmental Publications.
B. Methods Developed by Voluntary Consensus Standard Bodies (VCSB)
1. ASTM International. EPA compared the most recent versions of
eight ASTM International methods to the earlier versions of those
methods that are currently approved in 40 CFR part 141. Most of the
changes in the updated versions include additional quality control
specifications.
Changes between the earlier approved version and the most recent
version of each method are described more fully in Smith (2020a).
Besides additional quality control, the revisions involve primarily
editorial changes (e.g., updated references, definitions, terminology,
procedural clarifications, and reorganization of text). The revised
methods are the same as the approved versions with respect to sample
collection and handling protocols, sample preparation, analytical
methodology, and method performance data; thus, EPA finds they are
equally effective relative to the approved methods.
EPA is thus approving the use of the following ASTM methods for the
contaminants and their respective regulations listed in the following
table:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ASTM revised version Approved method Contaminant(s) Regulation citations
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
D 6919-17 (ASTM 2017a)........... D 6919-03 (ASTM Calcium, Magnesium, 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1)
2003a). Sodium.
D 4327-17 (ASTM 2017b)........... D4327-03 (ASTM Fluoride, Nitrate, 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1)
2003b). Nitrite, 40 CFR 143.4(b)
Orthophosphate,
Chloride, Sulfate.
D 3697-17 (ASTM 2017c)........... D 3697-02 (ASTM Antimony............ 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1)
2002a).
D 3223-17 (ASTM 2017d)........... D 3223-02 (ASTM Mercury............. 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1)
2002b).
D 1688 A-17 (ASTM 2017e)......... D 1688 A-02 (ASTM Copper.............. 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1)
2002c).
D 1688 C-17 (ASTM 2017e)......... D 1688 C-02 (ASTM Copper.............. 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1)
2002c).
D 1293-18 (ASTM 2018a)........... D 1293-99 (ASTM pH.................. 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1)
1999).
D 3454-18 (ASTM 2018b)........... D 3454-97 (ASTM Radium-226.......... 40 CFR 141.25(a)
1997).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The ASTM methods are available from ASTM International, 100 Barr
Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428-2959 or https://www.astm.org.
C. Methods Developed by Vendors
1. Bio-Rad. Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliform Bacteria and
Escherichia coli Using RAPID'E. coli 2 (REC2) in Drinking Water (Bio-
Rad 2020). RAPID'E. coli 2 is a membrane-filter microbiological method
for the simultaneous detection of total coliforms and E. coli in
drinking water by filtration of a 100 mL sample of drinking water, and
infusion of the filter with a growth and indicator medium during
incubation. Total coliforms and E. coli are detected as being present
or absent in 100 mL samples of drinking water by enzymatic cleavage of
chromogenic substances with the formation of colored compounds after
incubation. Drinking water methods approved for measuring total
coliforms under the Revised Total Coliform Rule (RTCR) (USEPA 2013) are
listed at 40 CFR 141.852(a)(5). Methods approved for measuring E. coli
in drinking water under the RTCR and under the Ground Water Rule (GWR)
(USEPA 2006) are listed at 40 CFR 141.402(c)(2) and 40 CFR
141.852(a)(5), respectively. RAPID'E. coli 2 is similar to other
approved drinking water methods but uses proprietary chromogens for
detection of total coliforms and E. coli. These chromogens result in
distinctive colors for colonies of target bacteria. RAPID'E. coli 2 is
able to detect total coliforms and E. coli in 24 2 hours.
Reagents for RAPID'E. coli 2 are available from the manufacturer. An
Alternative Test Procedure (ATP) study was conducted to compare the
method performance of RAPID'E. coli 2 to the performance of two
approved methods, Standard Methods 9221 B (LTB/BGLB for total
coliforms) and 9221 F (LTB/EC-MUG for E. coli) (APHA 1998). The
[[Page 28281]]
comparison study involved analyses of 200 drinking water samples--20
replicate samples that were inoculated with very low densities of
chlorine-stressed total coliforms or E. coli obtained from 10
geographically dispersed waste waters. Method specificity was evaluated
using an approximately 50:50 array of positive and negative cultures
(as measured by RAPID'E. coli 2), transferring these cultures to the
reference methods, and observing the reaction on the reference media.
The ATP validation study report (Bio-Rad, 2019) details the study
design and method data evaluation. EPA has determined that RAPID'E.
coli 2 is equally effective relative to the approved Standard Method
9221 B for total coliforms under the RTCR, and Standard Method 9221 F
for E. coli under the RTCR and GWR. The basis for this determination is
discussed in Sinclair (2019). Therefore, EPA is approving the RAPID'E.
coli 2 method for determining total coliforms and E. coli in drinking
water.
A copy of the RAPID'E. coli 2 method is available from Bio-Rad
Laboratories, 2000 Nobel Drive, Hercules, California 94547.
2. Maine Health Environmental Testing Laboratory (HETL). ME 531,
Version 1.0. Measurement of N-Methylcarbamoyloximes and N-
Methylcarbamates in Drinking Water by LC-MS/MS (Maine HETL 2019a). ME
531 is a method for the measurement of carbofuran and oxamyl in
drinking water by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-
MS/MS). In this method, an aliquot from a preserved drinking water
sample is injected into a LC system coupled to a triple quadrupole mass
spectrometer. Chromatographic separation is achieved through use of an
appropriate liquid chromatography analytical column and detection is
achieved by operating a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in MS/MS
mode. Quantitation is determined by comparing measured response to a
calibration curve generated with known analyte standards and the
internal standard technique.
Carbofuran and oxamyl are regulated drinking water contaminants as
specified at 40 CFR 141.61(c). The currently approved methods for the
analysis of carbofuran and oxamyl are listed in 40 CFR 141.24(e)(1).
Approved methods EPA Method 531.1 (USEPA 1995) and EPA Method 531.2
(USEPA 2001) use liquid chromatography and post-column derivatization
to convert carbofuran and oxamyl to form highly fluorescent isoindoles,
followed by fluorescence detection, which is sensitive but nonspecific.
ME 531 reduces the amount of hazardous waste produced because it
measures the contaminants directly without the need for derivatization.
The method also increases efficiency of analysis time and provides more
accurate results due to the higher sensitivity and specificity of LC-
MS/MS in the determination of carbofuran and oxamyl in finished
drinking water.
A laboratory validation study was conducted to evaluate the
performance of ME 531. Multiple drinking water matrixes were used in
the validation study. Precision, accuracy, and quantitation limit data
were collected from the drinking water matrixes fortified with varying
concentrations of carbofuran and oxamyl standards. The results are
summarized in the validation study report (Maine HETL 2019b). EPA has
determined that ME 531 is equally effective relative to the approved
EPA Methods 531.1 and 531.2. The basis for this determination is
discussed in Adams 2020a. Therefore, EPA is approving ME 531 for the
analysis for carbofuran and oxamyl in drinking water. ME 531 can be
obtained from Maine Health and Environmental Testing Lab, 221 State
Street, Augusta, Maine 04330.
3. Palintest. ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1. Free and Total Chlorine in
Drinking Water by Amperometry using Disposable Sensors (Palintest
2020a). ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1 is a method for the determination of free
available and total chlorine, including hypochlorous acid, hypochlorite
ion, and undissociated chlorine, in drinking water by amperometry using
pre-calibrated disposable sensors. In this method, free available
chlorine reacts with 3,3',5,5' tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and the
oxidized product is electrochemically reduced at the surface of the
free chlorine electrode. Free available chlorine and combined chlorine
react with potassium iodide (KI) to liberate iodine. The iodine can be
reduced electrochemically at the surface of the total chlorine
electrode. The current that flows in each case is proportional to the
amount of free available chlorine or total available chlorine. The
current is converted to mg Cl/L by reference to calibration parameters
stored in the instrument software.
The currently approved methods for the analysis of free and total
chlorine in drinking water are listed in the regulations at 40 CFR
141.131(c)(1) and at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(2). ChloroSense Rev. 1.0
(Palintest 2009) was approved as being equally effective, relative to
the approved Standard Method 4500-Cl D-00 (APHA 2000) for free and
total chlorine, in the November 10, 2009 expedited methods approval
action (USEPA 2009). ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1 is a modified version of
ChloroSense, Rev. 1.0 that incorporates new hardware. The revision also
clarifies language about method flexibility that was incorporated in
Rev. 1.0. The modifications made for Rev. 1.1 did not include any
changes to the analytical reagents or method chemistry.
EPA reviewed the changes that were made and has determined that
ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1 is equally effective relative to the previously
approved ChloroSense, Rev. 1.0. The basis for this determination is
discussed in Adams 2020b. Therefore, EPA is approving ChloroSense, Rev.
1.1, for the analysis of free and total chlorine in drinking water.
ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1, can be obtained from Palintest Ltd, 400
Corporate Circle, Suite J, Golden, Colorado 80401.
4. Palintest. Method 1001, Rev. 1.1. Lead in Drinking Water by
Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (Palintest 2020b).
Method 1001, Rev. 1.1 is a method for the determination of total
recoverable lead in drinking water using differential pulse anodic
stripping voltammetry (DPASV). In this method, a 50-mL aliquot of acid-
preserved or acid-digested sample is neutralized with sodium hydroxide.
A portion of the sample is decanted to a sample tube, buffered to pH 4,
and conditioned with an excess of supporting electrolyte. A
decomplexing agent is added to release lead from polyphosphate
complexes. The lead in the conditioned sample is determined by DPASV,
using a disposable sensor. This is achieved by concentrating the lead
in the sample by plating onto the working electrode of the disposable
sensor and then stripping it back into solution by raising the
electrode potential. As the lead returns to solution a peak of current
is detected. The peak potential identifies the metal, and the peak
height is proportional to the concentration of the lead.
The currently approved methods for the analysis of total
recoverable lead in drinking water are listed in 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1).
Method 1001, Rev. 1.1 revises the currently approved Method 1001
(Palintest 1999) by allowing the use of new hardware, the streamlined
Kemio instrumentation, which allows for the analysis of multiple
contaminants. The modifications made for this method did not include
any changes to the analytical reagents or method chemistry. Performance
of Method 1001, Rev. 1.1. was compared with that of the approved Method
1001. The Kemio instrumentation in Method 1001, Rev.1.1 had precision
and
[[Page 28282]]
accuracy results comparable to those for instrumentation in the
approved Method 1001. The Method Detection Limit (MDL) in the new
method also improved from 2 [micro]g/L to 1 [micro]g/L using the Kemio
instrumentation. EPA has determined that Method 1001, Rev. 1.1 is
equally effective relative to the approved Method 1001. The basis for
this determination is discussed in Adams 2020c. Therefore, EPA is
approving Method 1001, Rev. 1.1 for the analysis of total recoverable
lead in drinking water. Method 1001, Rev. 1.1 can be obtained from
Palintest Ltd, 400 Corporate Circle, Suite J, Golden, Colorado 80401.
5. Palintest. ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.1. Chlorine Dioxide and
Chlorite in Drinking Water by Amperometry using Disposable Sensors
(Palintest 2020c). ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.1 is a method for the
determination of chlorine dioxide and chlorite in drinking water by
amperometry using pre-calibrated disposable sensors. Chlorine dioxide
present in the sample can be reduced directly at the surface of the
sensor. The current that flows is directly proportional to the amount
of chlorine dioxide in the sample. To determine chlorite, any chlorine
dioxide in the sample must be removed. This is done by degassing the
sample using a degassing unit. Chlorite is determined by first adding
potassium iodide (KI) to the sample at a pH where the chlorite does not
react but any free or total chlorine in the sample does react to
liberate iodine. The amount of iodine released is reduced at the
surface of the sensor. The current that flows is directly proportional
to the amount of free and total chlorine in the sample (Reading A). The
sample is then acidified by the addition of dilute hydrochloric acid.
The iodide then reacts with chlorite and free and combined chlorine to
release iodine. The amount of iodine released is reduced at the surface
of the sensor. The current that flows is directly proportional to the
amount of chlorite and free and combined chlorine in the sample
(Reading B). The amount of chlorite can then be calculated by
subtracting Reading A from Reading B. The current is converted to mg
analyte/L by reference to calibration parameters stored in the
instrument software.
The currently approved methods for the analysis of chlorine dioxide
in drinking water are listed at 40 CFR 141.131(c)(1) and at 40 CFR
141.74(a)(2), and the approved methods for daily monitoring of chlorite
are listed in 40 CFR 141.131(b)(1). ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.0 (Palintest
2013) was approved as being equally effective, relative to the approved
Standard Method 4500-ClO2 E (APHA 1998) for the analysis of
chlorine dioxide and chlorite in drinking water, in the June 19, 2014
expedited methods approval action (USEPA 2014). ChlordioX Plus, Rev.
1.1 is a modified version of ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.0, which
incorporates new hardware. The revision also clarifies language about
method flexibility incorporated in the previous version. The
modifications made for this method did not include any changes to the
analytical reagents or method chemistry.
EPA reviewed the changes that were made and has determined that
ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.1 is equally as effective relative to the
approved ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.0. The basis for this determination is
discussed in Adams 2020d. Therefore, EPA is approving ChlordioX Plus,
Rev. 1.1 for the analysis of chlorine dioxide and daily monitoring of
chlorite in drinking water. ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.1 can be obtained
from Palintest Ltd, 400 Corporate Circle, Suite J, Golden, Colorado
80401.
6. Neogen. Modified ColitagTM, Version 2.0. Modified
ColitagTM Test Method for the Simultaneous Detection of
Total Coliforms and E. coli in Water (Neogen 2020). Modified
ColitagTM is a method that detects cleavage of chromogenic
substrates to determine if total coliforms and E. coli are present in a
100-mL drinking water sample within 16 to 48 hours of incubation. The
method can be used in a most-probable-number (MPN) format, provided the
sum of all the individual portions of the sample total 100 mL.
Modified ColitagTM, Version 2.0 is an updated revision
of Modified ColitagTM (CPI International 2009), which is
approved for total coliforms and E. coli at 40 CFR 141.852(a)(5).
Modified ColitagTM was approved in EPA's June 8, 2010
expedited methods approval action (USEPA 2010) for determining E. coli
under the Ground Water Rule at 40 CFR 141.402(c)(2).
Modified ColitagTM, Version 2.0 provides expanded
procedural guidance on the use of the various most-probable-number
formats, including multiple tube MPN, the MPNPlateTM, and
the MPNTrayTM options.
EPA reviewed the revisions that were made and determined Modified
ColitagTM, Version 2.0 is equally effective relative to the
originally-approved Modified ColitagTM. The basis for this
determination is discussed in Best 2020. Therefore, EPA is approving
Modified ColitagTM, Version 2.0 for determination of total
coliforms and E. coli in drinking water. Modified ColitagTM,
Version 2.0 can be obtained from Neogen Corporation, 620 Lesher Place,
Lansing, Michigan 48912.
IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
As noted in Section II of this action, under the terms of SDWA
section 1401(1), this streamlined method approval action is not a rule.
Accordingly, the Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as
added by the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of
1996, does not apply because this action is not a rule for purposes of
5 U.S.C. 804(3). Similarly, this action is not subject to the
Regulatory Flexibility Act because it is not subject to notice and
comment requirements under the Administrative Procedure Act or any
other statute. In addition, because this approval action is not a rule,
but simply makes alternative testing methods available as options for
monitoring under SDWA, EPA has concluded that other statutes and
executive orders generally applicable to rulemaking do not apply to
this approval action.
V. References
Adams, W. 2020a. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited
approval of Maine Health Environmental Testing Laboratory ME 531,
Version 1.0. July 2, 2020. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
Adams, W. 2020b. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited
approval of Palintest ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1. July 9, 2020.
(Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2021-0079.)
Adams, W. 2020c. Memo to the record describing the basis for
expedited approval of Palintest Method 1001, Rev. 1.1. July 9, 2020.
(Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2021-0079.)
Adams, W. 2020d. Memo to the record describing the basis for
expedited approval of Palintest ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.1. July 9,
2020. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-
HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
Alexander, M. 2021. Memo to the record describing basis for
expedited approval of EPA Method 127. February 1, 2021. (Available
at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
Alexander, M., Waters, T., and Wahman, D. 2020. Alternate Test
Procedure Validation Study Report for EPA Method 127: Determination
of Monochloramine in Drinking Water. June 2020. (Available at
https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
American Public Health Association (APHA). 1998. 20th Edition of
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater.
American Public Health
[[Page 28283]]
Association, 800 I Street NW, Washington, DC 20001-3710.
American Public Health Association (APHA). Standard Method 4500-Cl
D, G-00. Chlorine Residual. D. Amperometric Titration Method. G. DPD
Colorimetric Method. Approved by Standard Methods Committee 2000.
Standard Methods Online. (Available at https://www.standardmethods.org.)
ASTM International. 1997. ASTM D 3454-97. Standard Test Method for
Radium-226 in Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West
Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 1999. ASTM D 1293-99. Standard Test Methods for
pH of Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West
Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2002a. ASTM D 3697-02. Standard Test Method for
Antimony in Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West
Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2002b. ASTM D 3223-02. Standard Test Method for
Total Mercury in Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,
West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2002c. ASTM D 1688-02 A, C. Standard Test
Methods for Copper in Water. A. Atomic Absorption, Direct. C. Atomic
Absorption, Graphite Furnace. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2003a. ASTM D 6919-03. Standard Test Method for
Determination of Dissolved Alkali and Alkaline Earth Cations and
Ammonium in Water and Wastewater by Ion Chromatography. ASTM
International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-
2959. (Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2003b. ASTM D 4327-03. Standard Test Method for
Anions in Water by Suppressed Ion Chromatography. ASTM
International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-
2959. (Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2017a. ASTM D 6919-17. Standard Test Method for
Determination of Dissolved Alkali and Alkaline Earth Cations and
Ammonium in Water and Wastewater by Ion Chromatography. ASTM
International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-
2959. (Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2017b. ASTM D 4327-17. Standard Test Method for
Anions in Water by Suppressed Ion Chromatography. ASTM
International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-
2959. (Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2017c. ASTM D 3697-17. Standard Test Method for
Antimony in Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West
Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2017d. ASTM D 3223-17. Standard Test Method for
Total Mercury in Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,
West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2017e. ASTM D 1688-17 A, C. Standard Test
Methods for Copper in Water. A. Atomic Absorption, Direct. C. Atomic
Absorption, Graphite Furnace. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2018a. ASTM D 1293-18. Standard Test Methods for
pH of Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West
Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at https://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2018b. ASTM 3454-18. Standard Test Method for
Radium-226 in Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West
Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at https://www.astm.org.)
Best, J. 2020. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited
approval of Neogen Modified ColitagTM, Version 2.0
method. July 30, 2020. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov;
docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
Bio-Rad. 2019. ATP Study Report for Side-By-Side Method Comparison
of the Bio-Rad RAPID E. coli 2 Test Procedure and EPA Approved
Reference Methods for Detection of Total Coliform Bacteria and E.
coli in Drinking Water Using Membrane Filtration. September 4, 2019.
(Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2021-0079.)
Bio-Rad. 2020. Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliform Bacteria and
Escherichia coli Using RAPID'E. coli 2 (REC2) in Drinking Water. May
2020. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-
HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
CPI International. 2009. Modified ColitagTM Test Method
for the Simultaneous Detection of E. coli and other Total Coliforms
in Water. August 2009. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov;
docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
Maine Health Environmental Testing Laboratory. 2019a. ME 531,
Version 1.0. Measurement of N-Methylcarbamoyloximes and N-
Methylcarbamates in Drinking Water by LC-MS/MS. September 2019.
(Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2021-0079.)
Maine Health Environmental Testing Laboratory. 2019b. ME 531
Validation Study Report. 2019. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
Neogen. 2020. Modified ColitagTM Test Method for the
Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliforms and E. coli in Water. June
2020. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-
HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
Palintest. 1999. Method 1001: Lead in Water by Differential Pulse
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry. August 1999. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
Palintest. 2009. ChloroSense, Rev. 1.0. Measurement of Free and
Total Chlorine in Drinking Water by Palintest ChloroSense. August
2009. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-
HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
Palintest. 2013. ChordioX Plus, Rev. 1.0. Chlorine Dioxide and
Chlorite in Drinking Water by Amperometry using Disposable Sensors.
November 2013. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID
No. EPA-HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
Palintest. 2020a. ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1. Free and Total Chlorine in
Drinking Water by Amperometry using Disposable Sensors. February
2020. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-
HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
Palintest. 2020b. Method 1001, Rev. 1.1. Lead in Drinking Water by
Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry. May 2020.
(Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2021-0079.)
Palintest 2020c. ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.1. Chlorine Dioxide and
Chlorite in Drinking Water by Amperometry using Disposable Sensors.
February 2020. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID
No. EPA-HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
Sinclair, J. 2019. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited
approval of Bio-Rad RAPID'E.coli 2 method. November 4, 2019.
(Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2021-0079.)
Smith, G. 2020a. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited
approval of updated methods from ASTM International. May 4, 2020.
(Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2021-0079.)
Smith, G. 2020b. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited
approval of EPA Method 903.0, Revision 1.0. June 2, 2020. (Available
at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
Smith, G. 2020c. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited
approval of EPA Method 903.1. June 10, 2020. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
USEPA. 1980a. EPA Method 903.0. Alpha-emitting Radium Isotopes in
Drinking Water in ``Prescribed Procedures for Measurement of
Radioactivity in Drinking Water,'' EPA-600/4-80-032, August 1980.
(Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2021-0079.)
USEPA. 1980b. EPA Method 903.1. Radium-226 in Drinking Water Radon
Emanation Technique in ``Prescribed Procedures for Measurement of
Radioactivity in Drinking Water,'' EPA-600/4-80-032, August 1980.
(Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2021-0079.)
[[Page 28284]]
USEPA. 1989. Drinking Water; National Primary Drinking Water
Regulations; Filtration, Disinfection, Turbidity, Giardia lamblia,
Viruses, Legionella, and Heterotrophic Bacteria. 54 FR 27486. June
29, 1989. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA-HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
USEPA. 1995. EPA Method 531.1, Rev. 3.1. Measurement of N-
Methylcarbamoyloximes and N-Methylcarbamates in Water by Direct
Aqueous Injection HPLC with Post Column Derivatization. 1995.
(Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2021-0079.)
USEPA. 2001. EPA Method 531.2, Rev. 1.0. Measurement of N-
Methylcarbamoyloximes and N-Methylcarbamates in Water by Direct
Aqueous Injection HPLC with Post Column Derivatization. EPA-815-B-
01-002, September 2001. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov;
docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
USEPA. 2006. National Primary Drinking Water Regulations:
Groundwater Rule; Final Rule. 71 FR 65574. November 8, 2006.
(Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2021-0079.)
USEPA. 2009. Expedited Approval of Alternative Test Procedures for
the Analysis of Contaminants under the Safe Drinking Water Act;
Analysis and Sampling Procedures; Final Rule. 74 FR 57908. November
10, 2009. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No.
EPA-HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
USEPA. 2010. Expedited Approval of Alternative Test Procedures for
the Analysis of Contaminants under the Safe Drinking Water Act;
Analysis and Sampling Procedures; Final Rule. 75 FR 32295. June 8,
2010. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-
HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
USEPA. 2013. National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Revisions
to the Total Coliform Rule; Final Rule. 78 FR 10270. February 13,
2013. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-
HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
USEPA. 2014. Expedited Approval of Alternative Test Procedures for
the Analysis of Contaminants under the Safe Drinking Water Act;
Analysis and Sampling Procedures; Final Rule. 79 FR 35081. June 19,
2014. (Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-
HQ-OW-2021-0079.)
USEPA. 2021a. EPA Method 903.0, Rev. 1.0. Alpha-emitting Radium
Isotopes in Drinking Water. EPA 815-B-21-002. January 2021.
(Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2021-0079 and at the National Service Center for Environmental
Publications.)
USEPA. 2021b. EPA Method 903.1, Rev. 1.0. Radium-226 in Drinking
Water Radon Emanation Technique. EPA 815-B-21-003. January 2021.
(Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2021-0079 and at the National Service Center for Environmental
Publications.)
USEPA. 2021c. EPA Method 127. Determination of Monochloramine
Concentration in Drinking Water. EPA 815-B-21-004. January 2021.
(Available at https://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2021-0079 and at the National Service Center for Environmental
Publications.)
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 141
Environmental protection, Chemicals, Indians-lands,
Intergovernmental relations, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements,
Water supply.
Jennifer L. McLain,
Director, Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water.
For the reasons stated in the preamble, the Environmental
Protection Agency amends 40 CFR part 141 as follows:
PART 141--NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS
0
1. The authority citation for part 141 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 300f, 300g-1, 300g-2, 300g-3, 300g-4,
300g-5, 300g-6, 300j-4, 300j-9, and 300j-11.
0
2. Amend appendix A to subpart C of part 141 as follows:
0
a. In the table entitled ``ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS
LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1)'' revising the entries for ``Antimony,''
``Calcium,'' ``Copper,'' ``Fluoride,'' ``Lead'', ``Magnesium,''
``Mercury,'' ``Nitrate,'' ``Nitrite,'' ``Orthophosphate,'' ``pH,'' and
``Sodium'' ;
0
b. Revise the table entitled ``ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR
CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.24(e)(1)'';
0
c. In the table entitled ``ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS
LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.25(a)'' revise the entry for ``Radium 226'';
0
d. Revise the table entitled ``ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR
DISINFECTANT RESIDUALS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.74(a)(2)'';
0
e. In the table entitled ``ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS
LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.131(b)(1)'' revise the entry for ``Chlorite-daily
monitoring as prescribed in 40 CFR 141.132(b)(2)(i)(A)'';
0
f. In the table entitled ``ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR DISINFECTANT
RESIDUALS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.131(c)(1)'' revise the entries for
``Free Chlorine,'' ``Total Chlorine,'' and ``Chlorine Dioxide'';
0
g. In the table entitled ``ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS
LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.402(c)(2)'' revise the entry for ``E. coli'';
0
h. Revise the table entitled ``ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR
CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.852(a)(5)'';
0
i. In the table entitled ``ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS
LISTED AT 40 CFR 143.4(b)'' revise the entries for ``Chloride'' and
``Sulfate'';
0
j. Revise footnotes ``2'', ``3'', ``4'', ``8'', ``9'', ``13'', ``14'',
``16'', ``17'', ``24'', ``25'', ``26'', ``28'', ``29'', ``48'', and
``49''; and,
0
k. Add footnotes 53 through 61.
The revisions and additions read as follows:
Appendix A to Subpart C of Part 141--Alternative Testing Methods
Approved for Analyses Under the Safe Drinking Water Act
* * * * *
Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.23 (k)(1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SM 21st SM 22nd SM 23rd
Contaminant Methodology EPA method edition \1\ edition \28\ edition \49\ SM online \3\ ASTM \4\ Other
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * * * *
Antimony........................ Hydride--Atomic ..................... ............... ............... ............... ............... D 3697-07, -12, -17..
Absorption.
Atomic Absorption; ..................... 3113 B......... 3113 B......... 3113 B......... 3113 B-04, B-10
Furnace.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision 4.2
inductively coupled \2\.
plasma-atomic emission
spectrometry (AVICP-
AES).
* * * * * * *
Calcium......................... EDTA titrimetric........ ..................... 3500-Ca B...... 3500-Ca B...... 3500-Ca B...... ............... D 511-09, -14 A......
Atomic Absorption; ..................... 3111 B......... 3111 B......... 3111 B......... ............... D 511-09, -14 B......
Direct Aspiration.
Inductively Coupled ..................... 3120 B......... 3120 B......... 3120 B.........
Plasma.
[[Page 28285]]
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision 4.2
inductively coupled \2\.
plasma-atomic emission
spectrometry (AVICP-
AES).
Ion Chromatography...... ..................... ............... ............... ............... ............... D 6919-09, -17.......
* * * * * * *
Copper.......................... Atomic Absorption; ..................... 3113 B......... 3113 B......... 3113 B......... 3113 B-04, B-10 D 1688-07, -12 C, -17
Furnace. C.
Atomic Absorption; ..................... 3111 B......... 3111 B......... 3111 B......... ............... D 1688-07, -12 A, -17
Direct Aspiration. A.
Inductively Coupled ..................... 3120 B......... 3120 B......... 3120 B.........
Plasma.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision 4.2
inductively coupled \2\.
plasma-atomic emission
spectrometry (AVICP-
AES).
Colorimetry............. ..................... ............... ............... ............... ............... ..................... Hach Method
8026.\35\
Hach Method 10272
\36\
* * * * * * *
Fluoride........................ Ion Chromatography...... ..................... 4110 B......... 4110 B......... 4110 B......... ............... D 4327-11, -17.......
Manual Distillation; ..................... 4500-F- B, D... 4500-F- B, D... 4500-F- B, D...
Colorimetric SPADNS.
Manual Electrode........ ..................... 4500-F- C...... 4500-F- C...... 4500-F- C...... ............... D 1179-04, 10 B, 16 B
Automated Alizarin...... ..................... 4500-F- E...... 4500-F- E...... 4500-F- E......
Arsenite-Free ..................... ............... ............... ............... ............... ..................... Hach SPADNS. 2
Colorimetric SPADNS. Method 10225.\22\
Lead............................ Atomic Absorption; ..................... 3113 B......... 3113 B......... 3113 B......... 3113 B-04, B-10 D 3559-08 D, -15 D...
Furnace.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision 4.2
inductively coupled \2\.
plasma-atomic emission
spectrometry (AVICP-
AES).
Differential Pulse ..................... ............... ............... ............... ............... ..................... Method 1001, Rev.
Anodic Stripping 1.1 \57\
Voltametry.
Magnesium....................... Atomic Absorption....... ..................... 3111 B......... 3111 B......... 3111 B......... ............... D 511-09, -14 B......
Inductively Coupled ..................... 3120 B......... 3120 B......... 3120 B.........
Plasma.
Complexation Titrimetric ..................... 3500-Mg B...... 3500-Mg B...... 3500-Mg B...... ............... D 511-09, -14 A......
Methods.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision 4.2
inductively coupled \2\.
plasma-atomic emission
spectrometry (AVICP-
AES).
Ion Chromatography...... ..................... ............... ............... ............... ............... D 6919-09, -17.......
Mercury......................... Manual, Cold Vapor...... ..................... 3112 B......... 3112 B......... 3112 B......... 3112 B-09...... D 3223-12, -17.......
* * * * * * *
Nitrate......................... Ion Chromatography...... ..................... 4110 B......... 4110 B......... 4110 B......... ............... D 4327-11, -17.......
Automated Cadmium ..................... 4500-NO3- F.... 4500-NO3- F.... 4500-NO3- F....
Reduction.
Manual Cadmium Reduction ..................... 4500-NO3- E.... 4500-NO3- E.... 4500-NO3- E....
Ion Selective Electrode. ..................... 4500-NO3- D.... 4500-NO3- D.... 4500-NO3- D....
Reduction/Colorimetric.. ..................... ............... ............... ............... ............... ..................... Systea Easy (1-
Reagent).\8\
NECi Nitrate-
Reductase.\40\
Colorimetric; Direct.... ..................... ............... ............... ............... ............... ..................... Hach TNTplus\TM\
835/836 Method
10206.\23\
Capillary Ion ..................... ............... ............... ............... ............... D 6508-15............
Electrophoresis.
Nitrite......................... Ion Chromatography...... ..................... 4110 B......... 4110 B......... 4110 B......... ............... D 4327-11, -17.......
Automated Cadmium ..................... 4500-NO3- F.... 4500-NO3- F.... 4500-NO3- F....
Reduction.
Manual Cadmium Reduction ..................... 4500-NO3- E.... 4500-NO3- E.... 4500-NO3- E....
Spectrophotometric...... ..................... 4500-NO2- B.... 4500-NO2- B.... 4500-NO2- B....
Reduction/Colorimetric.. ..................... ............... ............... ............... ............... ..................... Systea Easy (1-
Reagent).\8\
NECi Nitrate-
Reductase.\40\
Capillary Ion ..................... ............... ............... ............... ............... D 6508-15............
Electrophoresis.
Ortho-phosphate................. Ion Chromatography...... ..................... 4110 B......... 4110 B......... 4110 B......... ............... D 4327-11, -17.......
Colorimetric, ascorbic ..................... 4500-P E....... 4500-P E....... 4500-P E....... 4500-P E-99....
acid, single reagent.
Colorimetric, Automated, ..................... 4500-P F....... 4500-P F....... 4500-P F....... 4500-P F-99.... ..................... Thermo Fisher
Ascorbic Acid. Discrete
Analyzer.\41\
Capillary Ion ..................... ............... ............... ............... ............... D 6508-15............
Electrophoresis.
pH.............................. Electrometric........... 150.3 \48\........... 4500-H + B..... 4500-H + B..... 4500-H + B..... ............... D 1293-12, -18.......
* * * * * * *
Sodium.......................... Atomic Absorption; ..................... 3111 B......... 3111 B......... 3111 B.........
Direct Aspiration.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision 4.2
inductively coupled \2\.
plasma-atomic emission
spectrometry (AVICP-
AES).
Ion Chromatography...... ..................... ............... ............... ............... ............... D 6919-09, -17.......
* * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 28286]]
Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.24(e)(1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SM 22nd
SM 21st edition \28\,
Contaminant Methodology EPA method edition \1\ SM 23rd SM online \3\ Other
edition \49\
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benzene........................ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
Carbon tetrachloride........... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
Chlorobenzene.................. Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
1,2-Dichlorobenzene............ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
1,4-Dichlorobenzene............ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
1,2-Dichloroethane............. Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
cis-Dichloroethylene........... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
trans-Dichloroethylene......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
Dichloromethane................ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
1,2-Dichloropropane............ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
Ethylbenzene................... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
Styrene........................ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
Tetrachloroethylene............ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
1,1,1-Trichloroethane.......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
Trichloroethylene.............. Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
Toluene........................ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
1,1-Dichloroethylene........... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
1,1,2-Trichlorethane........... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
Vinyl chloride................. Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
Xylenes (total)................ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
2,4-D.......................... Gas Chromatography/Electron .................... 6640 B........ 6640 B........ 6640 B-01, B-
Capture Detection (GC/ECD). 06.
2,4,5-TP (Silvex).............. Gas Chromatography/Electron .................... 6640 B........ 6640 B........ 6640 B-01, B-
Capture Detection (GC/ECD). 06.
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas .................... 525.3.\24\....
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Atrazine....................... Liquid Chromatography 536.\25\............
Electrospray Ionization
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
(LC/ESI-MS/MS).
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas 525.3 \24\, 523.\26\
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Benzo(a)pyrene................. Solid Phase Extraction/Gas 525.3.\24\..........
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Carbofuran..................... High-performance liquid .................... 6610 B........ 6610 B........ 6610 B-04.....
chromatography (HPLC) with
post-column derivatization
and fluorescence detection.
Liquid Chromatography/Mass .................... .............. .............. .............. ME 531.\58\
Spectrometry.
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas 525.3.\24\..........
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Dalapon........................ Ion Chromatography 557.\14\............
Electrospray Ionization
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
(IC-ESI-MS/MS).
Gas Chromatography/Electron .................... 6640 B........ 6640 B........ 6640 B-01, B-
Capture Detection (GC/ECD). 06.
Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate........ Solid Phase Extraction/Gas 525.3.\24\..........
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate...... Solid Phase Extraction/Gas 525.3.\24\..........
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Dibromochloropropane (DBCP).... Purge &Trap/Gas 524.3.\9\...........
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Dinoseb........................ Gas Chromatography/Electron .................... 6640 B........ 6640 B........ 6640 B-01, B-
Capture Detection (GC/ECD). 06.
Endrin......................... Solid Phase Extraction/Gas 525.3.\24\..........
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Ethyl dibromide (EDB).......... Purge &Trap/Gas 524.3.\9\...........
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Glyphosate..................... High-Performance Liquid .................... 6651 B........ 6651 B........ 6651 B-00, B-
Chromatography (HPLC) with 05.
Post-Column Derivatization
and Fluorescence Detection.
Heptachlor..................... Solid Phase Extraction/Gas 525.3.\24\..........
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Heptachlor Epoxide............. Solid Phase Extraction/Gas 525.3.\24\..........
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Hexachlorobenzene.............. Solid Phase Extraction/Gas 525.3.\24\..........
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Hexachlorocyclo-pentadiene..... Solid Phase Extraction/Gas 525.3.\24\..........
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Lindane........................ Solid Phase Extraction/Gas 525.3.\24\..........
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Methoxychlor................... Solid Phase Extraction/Gas 525.3.\24\..........
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Oxamyl......................... High-performance liquid .................... 6610 B........ 6610 B........ 6610 B-04.....
chromatography (HPLC) with
post-column derivatization
and fluorescence detection.
Liquid Chromatography/Mass .................... .............. .............. .............. ME 531.\58\
Spectrometry.
PCBs (as Aroclors)............. Solid Phase Extraction/Gas 525.3.\24\..........
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Pentachlorophenol.............. Gas Chromatography/Electron .................... 6640 B........ 6640 B........ 6640 B-01, B-
Capture Detection (GC/ECD). 06.
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas 525.3.\24\..........
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Picloram....................... Gas Chromatography/Electron .................... 6640 B........ 6640 B........ 6640 B-01, B-
Capture Detection (GC/ECD). 06.
[[Page 28287]]
Simazine....................... Liquid Chromatography 536.\25\............
Electrospray Ionization
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
(LC/ESI-MS/MS).
Solid Phase Extraction/Gas 525.3 \24\, 523.\26\
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Toxaphene...................... Solid Phase Extraction/Gas 525.3.\24\..........
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Total Trihalomethanes.......... Purge &Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\,
Chromatography/Mass 524.4.\29\.
Spectrometry.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.25(a)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SM 22nd edition
Contaminant Methodology EPA method SM 21st edition \1\ \28\, SM 23rd ASTM \4\ SM online \3\
edition \49\
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * * * *
Radium 226........................ Radon emanation...... 903.1, Rev. 1.0 \53\....... 7500-Ra C........... 7500-Ra C........... D 3454-05, -18...............
Radiochemical........ 903.0, Rev. 1.0 \54\....... 7500-Ra B........... 7500-Ra B........... D 2460-07....................
Gamma Spectrometry... ........................... .................... 7500-Ra E........... ............................. 7500-Ra E-07.
* * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * *
Alternative Testing Methods for Disinfectant Residuals Listed at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SM 22nd edition
Residual Methodology EPA methods SM 21st edition \28\, SM 23rd ASTM \4\ Other
\1\ edition \49\
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Free Chlorine.................. Amperometric .................. 4500-Cl D........ 4500-Cl D........ D 1253-08, -14...
Titration.
DPD Ferrous .................. 4500-Cl F........ 4500-Cl F........
Titrimetric.
DPD Colorimetric.. .................. 4500-Cl G........ 4500-Cl G........ ................. Hach Method 10260.\31\
Indophenol .................. ................. ................. ................. Hach Method 10241.\34\
Colorimetric.
Syringaldazine .................. 4500-Cl H........ 4500-Cl H........
(FACTS).
On-line Chlorine 334.0 \16\........
Analyzer.
Amperometric .................. ................. ................. ................. ChloroSense \17\,
Sensor. ChloroSense Rev.
1.1.\59\
Total Chlorine................. Amperometric .................. 4500-Cl D........ 4500-Cl D........ D 1253-08, -14...
Titration.
Amperometric .................. 4500-Cl E........ 4500-Cl E........
Titration (Low
level
measurement).
DPD Ferrous .................. 4500-Cl F........ 4500-Cl F........
Titrimetric.
DPD Colorimetric.. .................. 4500-Cl G........ 4500-Cl G........ ................. Hach Method 10260.\31\
Iodometric .................. 4500-Cl I........ 4500-Cl I........
Electrode.
On-line Chlorine 334.0 \16\........
Analyzer.
Amperometric .................. ................. ................. ................. ChloroSense \17\,
Sensor. ChloroSense, Rev.
1.1.\59\
Indophenol 127.\55\..........
Colorimetric.
Chlorine Dioxide............... Amperometric .................. 4500-ClO2 C...... 4500-ClO2 C......
Titration.
Amperometric .................. 4500-ClO2 E...... 4500-ClO2 E......
Titration.
Amperometric .................. ................. ................. ................. ChlordioX Plus \32\,
Sensor. ChlordioX Plus, Rev.
1.1.\60\
Ozone.......................... Indigo Method..... .................. 4500-O3 B........ 4500-O3 B........
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.131(b)(1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SM 22nd edition
Contaminant Methodology EPA method ASTM \4\ SM online \3\ SM 21st edition \28\, SM 23rd Other
\1\ Edition \49\
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * * * *
Chlorite--daily monitoring as Amperometric ................... ................... ................... 4500-ClO2 E........ 4500-ClO2 E........
prescribed in 40 CFR Titration. ................... ................... ................... ................... ................... ChlordioX Plus \32\, ChlordioX
141.132(b)(2)(i)(A). Amperometric Sensor Plus, Rev. 1.1.\60\
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 28288]]
Alternative Testing Methods for Disinfectant Residuals Listed at 40 CFR 141.131(c)(1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SM 22nd edition,\28\ SM
Residual Methodology SM 21st edition \1\ 23rd edition \49\ ASTM \4\ Other
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Free Chlorine................. Amperometric 4500-Cl D............... 4500-Cl D.............. D 1253-08, -14.........
Titration.
DPD Ferrous 4500-Cl F............... 4500-Cl F..............
Titrimetric.
DPD Colorimetric. 4500-Cl G............... 4500-Cl G.............. ....................... Hach Method 10260.\31\
Indophenol ........................ ....................... ....................... Hach Method 10241.\34\
Colorimetric.
Syringaldazine 4500-Cl H............... 4500-Cl H..............
(FACTS).
Amperometric ........................ ....................... ....................... ChloroSense \17\,
Sensor. ChloroSense, Rev.
1.1.\59\
On-line Chlorine ........................ ....................... ....................... EPA 334.0.\16\
Analyzer.
* * * * * * *
Total Chlorine................ Amperometric 4500-Cl D............... 4500-Cl D.............. D 1253-08, -14.........
Titration.
Low level 4500-Cl E............... 4500-Cl E..............
Amperometric
Titration.
DPD Ferrous 4500-Cl F............... 4500-Cl F..............
Titrimetric.
DPD Colorimetric. 4500-Cl G............... 4500-Cl G.............. ....................... Hach Method 10260.\31\
Iodometric 4500-Cl I............... 4500-Cl I..............
Electrode.
Amperometric ........................ ....................... ....................... ChloroSense,\17\
Sensor. ChloroSense, Rev.
1.1.\59\
On-line Chlorine ........................ ....................... ....................... EPA 334.0.\16\
Analyzer.
Chlorine Dioxide.............. Amperometric 4500-ClO2 E............. 4500-ClO2 E............
Method II.
Amperometric ........................ ....................... ....................... ChlordioX Plus,\32\
Sensor. ChlordioX Plus, Rev.
1.1.\60\
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * *
Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.402(c)(2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SM 20th SM 21st SM 22nd SM 23rd
Organism Methodology edition \6\ edition \1\ edition \28\ edition \49\ SM online \3\ Other
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
E. coli...................... Colilert........ ............. 9223 B....... 9223 B....... 9223 B...... 9223 B-97, B-04...
Colisure........ ............. 9223 B....... 9223 B....... 9223 B...... 9223 B-97, B-04...
Colilert-18..... 9223 B....... 9223 B....... 9223 B....... 9223 B...... 9223 B-97, B-04...
Readycult[supreg ............. ............. ............. ............ .................. Readycult[supreg].\20\
].
Colitag......... ............. ............. ............. ............ .................. Modified ColitagTM \13\,
Modified ColitagTM,
Version 2.0.\61\
Chromocult[supre ............. ............. ............. ............ .................. Chromocult[supreg].\21\
g].
EC-MUG.......... ............. ............. 9221 F....... 9221 F...... 9221 F-06.........
NA-MUG.......... ............. ............. ............. 9222 I......
m-ColiBlue24 ............. ............. ............. 9222 J......
Test.
Tecta EC/TC33 43
RAPID'E.coli 2
\56\.
* * * * * * *
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * *
Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.852(a)(5)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Methodology SM 20th, 21st SM 22nd edition SM 23rd edition
Organism category Method editions 1 6 \28\ \49\ SM online \3\
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Coliforms................ Lactose Standard Total ................... 9221 B.1, B.2..... 9221 B.1, B.2, 9221 B.1, B.2-06.
Fermentation Coliform B.3, B.4.
Methods. Fermentation
Technique.
Presence-Absence ................... .................. 9221 D.1, D.2, D.3 ..................
(P-A) Coliform
Test.
Membrane Standard Total ................... .................. 9222 B, C. ..................
Filtration Coliform Membrane
Methods. Filter Procedure
using Endo Media.
Simultaneous ................... .................. 9222 J. ..................
Detection of
Total Coliforms
and E. coli by
Dual Chromogen
Membrane Filter
Procedure (using
mColiBlue24
medium).
[[Page 28289]]
Simultaneous ..................
Detection of
Total Coliform
Bacteria and
Escherichia coli
Using
RAPID'E.coli
(REC2) in
Drinking
Water.\56\
Enzyme Substrate Colilert[supreg].. ................... 9223 B............ 9223 B............ 9223 B-04
Methods.
Colisure[supreg].. ................... 9223 B............ 9223 B............ 9223 B-04.
Colilert-18....... 9223 B............. 9223 B............ 9223 B............ 9223 B-04.
Tecta EC/TC.33 43. ..................
Modified ..................
ColitagTM,
Version 2.0.\61\.
Escherichia coli............... Escherichia coli EC-MUG medium..... ................... 9221 F.1.......... 9221 F.1.......... 9221 F.1-06.
Procedure
(following
Lactose
Fermentation
Methods).
Escherichia coli EC broth with MUG ................... .................. 9222 H. ..................
Partitioning (EC-MUG).
Methods
(following
Membrane
Filtration
Methods).
NA-MUG medium..... ................... .................. 9222 I. ..................
Simultaneous mColiBlue24 medium ................... .................. 9222 J. ..................
Detection of
Total Coliforms
and E. coli by
Dual Chromogen
Membrane Filter
Procedure.
Membrane Simultaneous ..................
Filtration Method. Detection of
Total Coliform
Bacteria and
Escherichia coli
Using
RAPID'E.coli
(REC2) in
Drinking
Water.\56\
Enzyme Substrate Colilert[supreg].. ................... 9223 B............ 9223 B............ 9223 B-04.
Methods.
Colisure[supreg].. ................... 9223 B............ 9223 B............ 9223 B-04.
Colilert-18....... 9223 B............. 9223 B............ 9223 B............ 9223 B-04.
Tecta EC/TC.33 43 ..................
Modified ..................
ColitagTM,
Version 2.0.\61\.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 143.4(b)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SM 22nd edition,\28\
Contaminant Methodology EPA method ASTM \4\ SM 21st edition \1\ SM 23rd edition \49\ SM online \3\
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * * * *
Chloride............ Silver Nitrate .................... D 512-04 B, 12 B.... 4500-Cl- B.......... 4500-Cl- B..........
Titration.
Ion .................... D 4327-11, -17...... 4110 B.............. 4110 B..............
Chromatography.
Potentiometric .................... .................... 4500-Cl- D.......... 4500-Cl- D..........
Titration.
* * * * * * *
Sulfate............. Ion .................... D 4327-11, -17...... 4110 B.............. 4110 B..............
Chromatography.
Gravimetric with .................... .................... 4500-SO4 2 - C...... 4500-SO4 2- C....... 4500-SO4 2- C-97.
ignition of
residue.
Gravimetric with .................... .................... 4500-SO4 2 - D...... 4500-SO4 2- D....... 4500-SO4 2- D-97.
drying of
residue.
Turbidimetric .................... D 516-07, 11, 16.... 4500-SO4 2- E....... 4500-SO4 2- E....... 4500-SO4 2- E-97.
method.
Automated .................... .................... 4500-SO4 2- F....... 4500-SO4 2- F....... 4500-SO4 2- F-97.
methylthymol
blue method.
* * * * * * *
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * * * *
\1\ Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 21st edition (2005). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street
NW, Washington, DC 20001-3710.
\2\ EPA Method 200.5, Revision 4.2. ``Determination of Trace Elements in Drinking Water by Axially Viewed Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission
Spectrometry.'' 2003. EPA/600/R-06/115. (Available at https://www.epa.gov/water-research/epa-drinking-water-research-methods.)
\3\ Standard Methods Online are available at https://www.standardmethods.org. The year in which each method was approved by the Standard Methods
Committee is designated by the last two digits in the method number. The methods listed are the only online versions that may be used.
\4\ Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 or https://astm.org. The methods listed are the only
alternative versions that may be used.
* * * * * * *
\6\ Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th edition (1998). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street
NW, Washington, DC 20001-3710.
* * * * * * *
\8\ Systea Easy (1-Reagent). ``Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method,'' February 4, 2009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov or from Systea Scientific,
LLC., 900 Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL 60523.
\9\ EPA Method 524.3, Version 1.0. ``Measurement of Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry.''
June 2009. EPA 815-B-09-009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov.
* * * * * * *
\13\ Modified ColitagTM Method, ``Modified ColitagTM Test Method for the Simultaneous Detection of E. coli and other Total Coliforms in Water (ATP D05-
0035),'' August 28, 2009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov or from CPI International, 5580 Skylane Boulevard, Santa Rosa, CA 95403.
\14\ EPA Method 557. ``Determination of Haloacetic Acids, Bromate, and Dalapon in Drinking Water by Ion Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem
Mass Spectrometry (IC-ESI-MS/MS),'' September 2009. EPA 815-B-09-012. Available at https://www.nemi.gov.
* * * * * * *
\16\ EPA Method 334.0. ``Determination of Residual Chlorine in Drinking Water Using an On-line Chlorine Analyzer,'' September 2009. EPA 815-B-09-013.
Available at https://www.nemi.gov.
\17\ ChloroSense. ``Measurement of Free and Total Chlorine in Drinking Water by Palintest ChloroSense,'' August 2009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov
or from Palintest Ltd, 1455 Jamike Avenue (Suite 100), Erlanger, KY 41018.
[[Page 28290]]
* * * * * * *
\20\ Readycult[supreg] Method, ``Readycult[supreg] Coliforms 100 Presence/Absence Test for Detection and Identification of Coliform Bacteria and
Escherichia coli in Finished Waters,'' January, 2007. Version 1.1. Available from EMD Millipore (division of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), 290
Concord Road, Billerica, MA 01821.
\21\ Chromocult[supreg] Method, ``Chromocult[supreg] Coliform Agar Presence/Absence Membrane Filter Test Method for Detection and Identification of
Coliform Bacteria and Escherichia coli in Finished Waters,'' November, 2000. Version 1.0. EMD Millipore (division of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany),
290 Concord Road, Billerica, MA 01821.
\22\ Hach Company. ``Hach Company SPADNS 2 (Arsenite-Free) Fluoride Method 10225--Spectrophotometric Measurement of Fluoride in Water and Wastewater,''
January 2011. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, Colorado 80539.
\23\ Hach Company. ``Hach Company TNTplus\TM\ 835/836 Nitrate Method 10206--Spectrophotometric Measurement of Nitrate in Water and Wastewater,'' January
2011. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, Colorado 80539.
\24\ EPA Method 525.3. ``Determination of Semivolatile Organic Chemicals in Drinking Water by and Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
(GC/MS),'' February 2012. EPA/600/R-12/010. Available at https://www.epa.gov/water-research/epa-drinking-water-research-methods.
\25\ EPA Method 536. ``Determination of Triazine Pesticides and their Degradates in Drinking Water by Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization
Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS).'' October 2007. EPA 815-B-07-002. Available at the National Service Center for Environmental Publications
(EPA Method 536).
\26\ EPA Method 523. ``Determination of Triazine Pesticides and their Degradates in Drinking Water by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).''
February 2011. EPA 815-R-11-002. Available at the National Service Center for Environmental Publications (EPA Method 523).
* * * * * * *
\28\ Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 22nd edition (2012). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street
NW, Washington, DC 20001-3710.
\29\ EPA Method 524.4, Version 1.0. ``Measurement of Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry using Nitrogen Purge
Gas.'' May 2013. EPA 815-R-13-002. Available at the National Service Center for Environmental Publications (EPA Method 524.4).
* * * * * * *
\31\ Hach Company. ``Hach Method 10260--Determination of Chlorinated Oxidants (Free and Total) in Water Using Disposable Planar Reagent-filled Cuvettes
and Mesofluidic Channel Colorimetry,'' April 2013. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539.
\32\ ChlordioX Plus. ``Chlorine Dioxide and Chlorite in Drinking Water by Amperometry using Disposable Sensors,'' November 2013. Available from
Palintest Ltd, 1455 Jamike Avenue (Suite 100), Erlanger, KY 41018.
\33\ Tecta EC/TC. ``Techta\TM\ EC/TC Medium and Techta\TM\ Instrument: A Presence/Absence Method for the Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliforms and
Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Drinking Water,'' version 1.0, May 2014. Available from Pathogen Detection Systems, Inc., 382 King Street East,
Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7K 2Y2.
\34\ Hach Company. ``Hach Method 10241--Spectrophotometric Measurement of Free Chlorine (Cl2) in Drinking Water,'' November 2015. Revision 1.2. 5600
Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539.
\35\ Hach Company. ``Hach Method 8026--Spectrophotometric Measurement of Copper in Finished Drinking Water,'' December 2015. Revision 1.2. 5600
Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539.
\36\ Hach Company. ``Hach Method 10272--Spectrophotometric Measurement of Copper in Finished Drinking Water,'' December 2015. Revision 1.2. 5600
Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539.
* * * * * * *
\40\ Nitrate Elimination Company, Inc. (NECi). ``Method for Nitrate Reductase Nitrate-Nitrogen Analysis of Drinking Water,'' February 2016. Superior
Enzymes, Inc., 334 Hecla Street, Lake Linden, Michigan 49945.
\41\ Thermo Fisher. ``Thermo Fisher Scientific Drinking Water Orthophosphate Method for Thermo Scientific Gallery Discrete Analyzer,'' February 2016.
Revision 5. Thermo Fisher Scientific, Ratastie 2, 01620 Vantaa, Finland.
* * * * * * *
\43\ Tecta EC/TC. ``TectaTM EC/TC Medium and the TectaTM Instrument: A Presence/Absence Method for the Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliforms and
Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Drinking Water,'' version 2.0, February 2017. Available from Pathogen Detection Systems, Inc., 382 King Street East,
Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7K 2Y2.
* * * * * * *
\48\ EPA Method 150.3. ``Determination of pH in Drinking Water,'' February 2017. EPA 815-B-17-001. Available at the National Service Center for
Environmental Publications (EPA Method 150.3).
\49\ Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 23rd edition (2017). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street
NW, Washington, DC 20001-3710.
* * * * * * *
\53\ EPA Method 903.1, Rev. 1.0. ``Radium-226 in Drinking Water Radon Emanation Technique.'' January 2021. EPA 815-B-21-003. Available at the National
Service Center for Environmental Publications (EPA Method 903.1).
\54\ EPA Method 903.0, Rev. 1.0. ``Alpha-Emitting Radium Isotopes in Drinking Water.'' January 2021. EPA 815-B-21-002. Available at the National Service
Center for Environmental Publications (EPA Method 903.0).
\55\ EPA Method 127. ``Determination of Monochloramine Concentration in Drinking Water.'' January 2021. EPA 815-B-21-004. Available at the National
Service Center for Environmental Publications (EPA Method 127).
\56\ Bio-Rad. ``Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliform Bacteria and Escherichia coli using RAPID'E. coli 2 (REC2) in Drinking Water.'' May 2020. Bio-
Rad Laboratories, 2000 Nobel Drive, Hercules, California 94547.
\57\ Method 1001, Rev. 1.1. ``Lead in Drinking Water by Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry.'' May 2020. Palintest Ltd, 400 Corporate
Circle, Suite J, Golden, CO 80401.
\58\ ME 531, Version 1.0. ``Measurement of N-Methylcarbamoyloximes and N-Methylcarbamates in Drinking Water by LC-MS/MS. September 2019. Maine Health
Environmental Testing Laboratory, 221 State Street, Augusta, ME 04330.
\59\ ChloroSense, Rev. 1.1. ``Free and Total Chlorine in Drinking Water by Amperometry using Disposable Sensors.'' February 2020. Palintest Ltd, 400
Corporate Circle, Suite J, Golden, CO 80401.
\60\ ChlordioX Plus, Rev. 1.1. ``Chlorine Dioxide and Chlorite in Drinking Water by Amperometry using Disposable Sensors.'' February 2020. Palintest
Ltd, 400 Corporate Circle, Suite J, Golden, CO 80401.
\61\ Modified ColitagTM, Version 2.0. ``Modified ColitagTM Test Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Total Coliforms and E. coli in Water.''
June 2020. Neogen Corporation, 620 Lesher Place, Lansing, MI 48912.
[FR Doc. 2021-10974 Filed 5-25-21; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P
