Magnuson-Stevens Act Provisions; Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Northeast Multispecies Fishery; Approval of 2021 and 2022 Sector Operations Plans and Allocation of 2021 Northeast Multispecies Annual Catch Entitlements, 16686-16700 [2021-06513]

Agencies

• DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

[Federal Register Volume 86, Number 60 (Wednesday, March 31, 2021)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 16686-16700]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2021-06513]


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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

50 CFR Part 648

[Docket No. 210324-0065]
RIN 0648-BK26


Magnuson-Stevens Act Provisions; Fisheries of the Northeastern 
United States; Northeast Multispecies Fishery; Approval of 2021 and 
2022 Sector Operations Plans and Allocation of 2021 Northeast 
Multispecies Annual Catch Entitlements

AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and

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Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce.

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: We propose to approve sector operations plans and contracts, 
and grant regulatory exemptions for fishing years 2021 and 2022, 
provide preliminary Northeast multispecies annual catch entitlements to 
approved sectors for fishing year 2021, amend regulations required to 
administer electronic monitoring, and announce 2021 default 
specifications for seven Northeast multispecies stocks. Approval of 
sector operations plans and contracts is necessary to allocate annual 
catch entitlements to the sectors for sectors to operate. This action 
is intended to allow limited access permit holders to continue to 
operate or form sectors, as authorized under the Northeast Multispecies 
Fishery Management Plan, and to exempt sectors from certain effort 
control regulations to improve the efficiency and economics of sector 
vessels. We also announce our determination that electronic monitoring 
is sufficient for use instead of at-sea monitors to meet sector 
monitoring and reporting requirements. Lastly, we announce default 
specifications for Gulf of Maine winter flounder, Southern New England/
Mid-Atlantic winter flounder, redfish, ocean pout, Atlantic wolffish, 
Eastern Georges Bank cod, and Eastern Georges Bank haddock.

DATES: Written comments must be received on or before April 15, 2021.

ADDRESSES: You may submit comments on this document, identified by 
NOAA-NMFS-2021-0024, by the following method:
     Electronic Submission: Submit all electronic public 
comments via the Federal e-Rulemaking Portal. Go to www.regulations.gov 
and enter NOAA-NMFS-2021-0024 in the Search box. Click on the 
``Comment'' icon, complete the required fields, and enter or attach 
your comments.
    Instructions: Comments sent by any other method, to any other 
address or individual, or received after the end of the comment period, 
may not be considered by NMFS. All comments received are a part of the 
public record and will generally be posted for public viewing on 
www.regulations.gov without change. All personal identifying 
information (e.g., name, address, etc.), confidential business 
information, or otherwise sensitive information submitted voluntarily 
by the sender will be publicly accessible. NMFS will accept anonymous 
comments (enter ``N/A'' in the required fields if you wish to remain 
anonymous).
    Copies of each sector's proposed operations plan and contract are 
available from the NMFS Greater Atlantic Regional Fisheries Office: 
Contact Claire Fitz-Gerald at [email protected] and Kyle 
Molton at [email protected]. These documents are also accessible via 
the Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov.
    To review Federal Register documents referenced in this rule, you 
can visit: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/management-plan/northeast-multispecies-management-plan.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Claire Fitz-Gerald, Fishery Policy 
Analyst, (978) 281-9255.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    The Northeast Multispecies Fishery Management Plan (FMP) defines a 
sector as a group of persons holding limited access Northeast 
multispecies permits who have voluntarily entered into a contract and 
agree to certain fishing restrictions for a specified period of time, 
and which has been granted a TAC(s) [sic] in order to achieve 
objectives consistent with applicable FMP goals and objectives. A 
sector must be comprised of at least three Northeast multispecies 
permits issued to at least three different persons, none of whom have 
any common ownership interest in the permits, vessels, or businesses 
associated with the permits issued [to] the other two or more persons 
in that sector. Sectors are self-selecting, meaning each sector can 
choose its members.
    The Northeast multispecies sector management system allocates a 
portion of the Northeast multispecies stocks to each sector. These 
annual sector allocations are known as annual catch entitlements (ACE) 
and are based on the collective fishing history of a sector's members. 
Sectors may receive allocations of large-mesh Northeast multispecies 
stocks with the exception of Atlantic halibut, windowpane flounder, 
Atlantic wolffish, and ocean pout, which are non-allocated species 
managed under separate effort controls. ACEs are portions of a stock's 
annual catch limit (ACL) available to commercial Northeast multispecies 
vessels. A sector determines how to harvest its ACE.
    Because sectors elect to receive an allocation under a quota-based 
system, the FMP grants sector vessels several ``universal'' exemptions 
from the FMP's effort controls. These universal exemptions apply to: 
Trip limits on allocated stocks; Northeast multispecies days-at-sea 
(DAS) restrictions; the requirement to use a 6.5-inch (16.5-centimeters 
(cm)) mesh codend when fishing with selective gear on Georges Bank 
(GB); and portions of the Gulf of Maine (GOM) Cod Protection Closures. 
The FMP prohibits sectors from requesting exemptions from permitting 
restrictions, gear restrictions designed to minimize habitat impacts, 
and most reporting requirements.
    In addition to the approved sectors, there are several state-
operated permit banks, which receive allocations based on the history 
of the permits owned by the states. The final rule implementing 
Amendment 17 to the FMP allowed a state-operated permit bank to receive 
an allocation without needing to comply with the administrative and 
procedural requirements for sectors (77 FR 16942; March 23, 2012). 
Instead, permit banks are required to submit a list of participating 
permits to us, as specified in the permit bank's Memorandum of 
Agreement, to determine the ACE allocated to the permit bank. These 
allocations may be leased to fishermen enrolled in sectors. State-
operated permit banks are no longer approved through the sector 
approval process, but current state-operated permit banks contribute to 
the total allocation under the sector system.
    We received operations plans and preliminary contracts for fishing 
years 2021 and 2022 from 16 sectors. The operations plans are similar 
to operations plans and contracts previously approved for prior fishing 
years. The operations plans include 19 exemptions previously requested 
by sectors, and approved by NMFS, in fishing year 2020. One sector's 
operations plan also includes a new exemption request for fishing year 
2021. We have made a preliminary determination that the 16 sector 
operations plans and contracts that we received, and the 19 previously 
approved regulatory exemptions requested, are consistent with the FMP's 
goals and objectives, and meet sector requirements outlined in the 
regulations at Sec.  648.87. We are not approving the new sector 
exemption requested for fishing year 2021. Copies of the operations 
plans and contracts, and the environmental assessment (EA), are 
available at: https://www.regulations.gov and from NMFS (see ADDRESSES).
    This rulemaking also announces our determination that electronic 
monitoring (EM) is sufficient for use instead of at-sea monitors (ASM) 
to meet sector monitoring requirements.

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This action implements minor regulatory changes required to administer 
EM. These changes are implemented under our section 305(d) authority in 
the Magnuson-Stevens Ace to make changes necessary to carry out the 
FMP. We are implementing these changes in conjunction with the sector 
rule for expediency purposes.

Catch Limits for Fishing Year 2021

Previously Established Catch Limits

    Last year, Framework 59 to the FMP set fishing year 2021 catch 
limits for 15 groundfish stocks (85 FR 45794; July 30, 2020). The 2021 
catch limits for most stocks remain the same as, or similar, to 2020 
limits. Framework 59 did not specify a 2021 catch limit for GOM winter 
flounder, Southern New England/Mid-Atlantic (SNE/MA) winter flounder, 
redfish, ocean pout, Atlantic wolffish, Eastern GB cod, or Eastern GB 
haddock. Eastern GB cod and haddock are management units of the GB cod 
and GB haddock stocks that NMFS manages jointly with Canada, and the 
shared quota is set annually.
    This year, in Framework 61 to the FMP, the Council adopted new or 
adjusted fishing year 2021 catch limits for: GB haddock; GB yellowtail 
flounder; GB winter flounder; GOM winter flounder; SNE/MA winter 
flounder; redfish; Northern windowpane flounder; Southern windowpane 
flounder; ocean pout; Atlantic halibut; and Atlantic wolffish. 
Framework 61 would set 2021 catch limits for the two U.S./Canada stocks 
(Eastern GB cod and Eastern GB haddock). It would adjust the breakdown 
of sub-components for GB cod, GOM cod, SNE/MA yellowtail flounder, CC/
GOM yellowtail flounder, witch flounder, and white hake. Framework 61 
also included the exemption for sector vessels to target redfish with 
codend mesh as small as 5.5 inches (13.97 cm) as a universal exemption. 
We are working to publish a proposed rule to request comments on the 
Framework 61 measures once the Council submits the action to us for 
review and approval. We do not expect we will not be able to implement 
Framework 61 measures, if approved, before May 1, 2021.
    As a result, this rule announces the 2021 catch limits set in 
Framework 59 that would be effective on May 1, 2021, including 
preliminary sector and common pool allocations based on final 2020 
fishing year rosters (Table 1). If we approve Framework 61, the 2021 
catch limits announced in this rule for these stocks will change.
    The Framework 59 fishing year 2021 ACL for GB yellowtail flounder 
is 95.4 metric tons (mt), which will be in place on May 1. The Council 
recommended a fishing year 2021 ACL of 63.6 mt for GB yellowtail 
flounder in Framework 61. This is a 33-percent decrease, which will go 
into effect after May 1 if Framework 61 is approved. The Council also 
revised the fishing year 2021 ACL for GOM cod to 270.4 mt. This a 2-
percent decrease from the fishing year 2021 ACL previously set in 
Framework 59. The adjustments are based on the recommendation of the 
Transboundary Management Guidance Committee, which is the joint U.S./
Canada management body that meets annually to recommend shared quotas 
for the three transboundary stocks. The Council's recommendations will 
be further discussed in the Framework 61 proposed rule. We are 
highlighting these changes in this rule because the GB yellowtail 
flounder and GOM cod sector allocations proposed in this rule are based 
on the higher 2021 catch limits previously approved in Framework 59. If 
the Council's recommended catch limits become final with no changes, 
ACE for these stocks will be reduced when Framework 61 is implemented.

Default Catch Limits

    This rule also announces default catch limits for GOM winter 
flounder, SNE/MA winter flounder, redfish, ocean pout, Atlantic 
wolffish, Eastern GB cod, and Eastern GB haddock. These stocks do not 
already have a catch limit in place for fishing year 2021. The 
groundfish regulations implement default catch limits for any stock for 
which final specifications are not in place by the beginning of the 
fishing year on May 1. The FMP's default specifications provision sets 
catch at 35 percent of the previous year's (2020) catch limits, except 
in instances where the default catch limit would exceed the Council's 
recommendation. The fishing year 2021 state waters and other sub-
components specified for redfish in Framework 59 exceed the Council's 
fishing year 2021 redfish recommendation in Framework 61. These sub-
components would be reduced accordingly. The default catch limit would 
be effective from May 1 through July 31, or until the final rule for 
Framework 61 is implemented if prior to July 31. To comply with these 
regulations and minimize impacts on the fishery we are announcing these 
default specifications. If Framework 61 is not in place on or before 
July 31, all fishing for these stocks would be prohibited beginning 
August 1.

                                                                      Table 1--Northeast Multispecies Catch Limits for 2021
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                                                                                  Preliminary   Preliminary                  Midwater
                         Stock                           Total ACL    Groundfish     sector     common pool  Recreational     trawl       Scallop     Small-mesh   State waters     Other  sub-
                                                                       sub-ACL      sub-ACL       sub-ACL       sub-ACL      fishery      fishery     fisheries    sub-component     component
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GB Cod *..............................................        1,234        1,073        1,041            31  ............  ...........  ...........  ...........              19             142
GOM Cod *.............................................          523          468          267             9           193  ...........  ...........  ...........              48               7
GB Haddock *..........................................       72,699       70,892       69,465         1,428  ............        1,424  ...........  ...........               0             383
GOM Haddock *.........................................       15,843       15,575       10,022           258         5,295          156  ...........  ...........              56              56
GB Yellowtail Flounder *..............................          116           95           92             3  ............  ...........           19            2               0               0
SNE/MA Yellowtail Flounder *..........................           21           15           12             3  ............  ...........            2  ...........               0               4
CC/GOM Yellowtail Flounder *..........................          787          688          656            32  ............  ...........  ...........  ...........              58              41
American Plaice *.....................................        2,740        2,682        2,611            71  ............  ...........  ...........  ...........              29              29
Witch Flounder *......................................        1,414        1,310        1,275            35  ............  ...........  ...........  ...........              44              59
GB Winter Flounder *..................................          545          522          502            21  ............  ...........  ...........  ...........               0              22
GOM Winter Flounder *.................................          151          100           95             5  ............  ...........  ...........  ...........              48               2
SNE/MA Winter Flounder *..............................          245          189          166            22  ............  ...........  ...........  ...........              13              43
Redfish *.............................................        3,973        3,931        3,880            51  ............  ...........  ...........  ...........               0               0
White Hake *..........................................        2,041        2,019        1,995            24  ............  ...........  ...........  ...........              11              11
Pollock *.............................................       21,047       19,282       19,092           190  ............  ...........  ...........  ...........             882             882
N. Windowpane Flounder *..............................           55           38           na            38  ............  ...........           12  ...........               1               5
S. Windowpane Flounder *..............................          412           48           na            48  ............  ...........          143  ...........              26             196
Ocean Pout *..........................................           42           32           na            32  ............  ...........  ...........  ...........               0               9
Atlantic Halibut *....................................          102           77           na            77  ............  ...........  ...........  ...........              21               4
Atlantic Wolffish.....................................           29           29           na            29  ............  ...........  ...........  ...........               0               0
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* These catch limits are based on fishing year 2021 Framework 59 and/or default specifications, and will be replaced when the final rule for Framework 61 becomes effective, if approved.


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Sector Allocations

    The sector allocations proposed in this rule are based on the 2021 
catch limits established in Framework 59 and final fishing year 2020 
sector rosters. Regulations require that sectors submit membership 
information to us on December 1 prior to the start of the fishing year, 
unless instructed otherwise. The Regional Administrator has determined 
that the December 1 enrollment deadline is not possible because we had 
yet to distribute the annual letter describing each vessel's potential 
contribution to a sector's quota for the upcoming fishing year. We 
distributed the letters in early February 2021. The deadline to enroll 
in a sector is approximately 4 weeks later, on March 8, 2021, although 
sectors may set a more restrictive deadline for their members. Because 
sector enrollment has been stable and consistent since the sector 
program was enacted, we are using fishing year 2020 rosters as a proxy 
for fishing year 2021 sector membership to calculate fishing year 2021 
projected allocations in this proposed rule.
    Any permits that change ownership after the enrollment deadline 
determined by the Regional Administrator as described above retain the 
ability to join a sector through April 30, 2021. All permits enrolled 
in a sector, and the vessels associated with those permits, have until 
April 30, 2021, to withdraw from a sector and fish in the common pool 
for fishing year 2021. For fishing year 2022, we will set similar 
roster deadlines, notify permit holders of the fishing year 2022 
deadlines, and allow permit holders to change sectors separate from the 
annual sector operations plans approval process.
    We calculate the sector's allocation for each stock by summing its 
members' potential sector contributions (PSC) for a stock and then 
multiplying that total percentage by the available commercial sub-ACL 
for that stock. Table 2 shows the projected total fishing year 2021 PSC 
by stock for the 16 sectors approved to operate in fishing year 2020 
that submitted operations plans for 2021. Tables 3 and 4 show the 
initial allocations that each sector would be allocated for fishing 
year 2021 based on their final fishing year 2020 rosters and the 
fishing year 2021 Framework 59 and default specifications. At the start 
of the 2021 fishing year, we provide final allocations, to the nearest 
pound, to each sector based on their final May 1 rosters. We use these 
final allocations, along with later adjustments for ACE transfers, 
reductions for overages, or increases for carryover from fishing year 
2020, to monitor sector catch. We have included the preliminary common 
pool sub-ACLs in tables 2 through 4 for comparison. These tables do not 
represent the final allocations for the 2021 fishing year.
    We do not assign a permit separate PSCs for Eastern GB cod or 
Eastern GB haddock; instead, we assign each permit a PSC for the GB cod 
stock and GB haddock stock. Each sector's GB cod and GB haddock 
allocations are then divided into an Eastern ACE and a Western ACE, 
based on each sector's percentage of the GB cod and GB haddock ACLs. 
For example, if a sector is allocated 4 percent of the GB cod ACL and 6 
percent of the GB haddock ACL, the sector is allocated 4 percent of the 
commercial Eastern U.S./Canada Area GB cod total allowable catch (TAC) 
and 6 percent of the commercial Eastern U.S./Canada Area GB haddock TAC 
as its Eastern GB cod and haddock ACEs. These amounts are then 
subtracted from the sector's overall GB cod and haddock allocations to 
determine its Western GB cod and haddock ACEs. A sector may only 
harvest its Eastern GB cod and haddock ACEs in the Eastern U.S./Canada 
Area, but may ``convert,'' or transfer, its Eastern GB cod or haddock 
allocation into Western GB allocation and fish that converted ACE 
outside the Eastern GB area.
    At the start of fishing year 2021, we may withhold 20 percent of 
each sector's fishing year 2021 allocation until we finalize fishing 
year 2020 catch information. We expect to finalize 2020 catch 
information in summer 2021. We allow sectors to transfer fishing year 
2020 ACE for 2 weeks upon our completion of year-end catch accounting 
to reduce or eliminate any fishing year 2020 overages. If necessary, we 
reduce any sector's fishing year 2021 allocation to account for a 
remaining overage in fishing year 2020. Each year of the operations 
plans, we notify the Council and sector managers of this deadline in 
writing and announce our final ACE determination on our website at: 
https://www.greateratlantic.fisheries.noaa.gov/ro/fso/reports/h/groundfish_catch_accounting.
BILLING CODE 3510-22-P

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BILLING CODE 3510-22-C

Announcement of our Electronic Monitoring Determination

    Using the process and authority granted to us in Amendment 16 to 
the Northeast Multispecies FMP, and as described in regulations at 
Sec.  648.87(b)(1)(v)(B), we have determined that the EM audit model is 
sufficient for use instead of ASM. In December 2019, we notified the 
New England Fishery Management Council of our intent to expand EM and 
allow sectors to submit an EM plan as part of the fishing years 2021-
2022 sector operations plan approval process. Since 2016, we have 
worked with members of industry and other stakeholders to develop EM as 
a tool to meet sector monitoring requirements. We evaluated two models 
using exempted fishing permits (EFP): The audit model and maximized 
retention. Under the audit model, the captain records an estimated 
weight for all groundfish discards on an electronic vessel trip report 
(eVTR) and adheres to catch handling protocols at sea to ensure 
collection (e.g., groundfish discard measurements) of discard 
information from the EM data. EM data are the data created in the 
collection of fishery-dependent data by EM systems, including the 
video, images, sensor data, and metadata for a trip. Under maximized 
retention, vessels retain and land all allocated groundfish catch, 
including fish below the minimum size. EM data is used to confirm the 
vessel's adherence to the catch retention requirements, and a dockside 
monitor meets the vessel at the dock to collect catch data shoreside. 
Based on the data collected under the EFPs, we have determined that the 
EM audit model is sufficient to verify a vessel's submission of 
information on groundfish discards and other relevant information 
(e.g., date and time, gear category, location) for the purpose of ACE 
accounting, provided that the vessel's captain and crew adhere to catch 
handling and reporting requirements as described in the vessel-specific 
monitoring plan (VMP). VMPs detail specific fish handling protocols, 
policies and procedures, as well as the number and location of cameras. 
VMPs are reviewed and approved by NMFS prior to a vessel enrolling in 
EM to ensure the set-up is adequate to support data collection needs 
and requirements. NMFS will provide a template to assist providers in 
developing VMPs that include the required components. Vessels may use 
the EM audit model to meet monitoring and reporting requirements while 
fishing with hook, gillnet, or trawl gear in any of the four broad 
stock areas. The maximized retention program will continue to operate 
under an EFP for fishing year 2021. This will allow us to further 
evaluate the sufficiency of the program for catch accounting.
    In order to facilitate the adoption of the EM audit model by sector 
vessels, we offered a NMFS-designed audit model program for sectors to 
include in their proposed operations plans. Under the NMFS-designed 
audit model program, vessels would be required to measure groundfish 
discards in view of cameras and use designated discard control points 
for all discards. The captain and crew would have the option to use 
subsampling protocols for high volumes of discards if included in the 
vessel's NMFS-approved VMP. Participating vessels would submit EM data 
from all trips to their sector's contracted third-party service 
provider in accordance with the timeline specified by NMFS (currently 7 
days). A subset of trips would be selected for review. Third-party 
service provider staff would review and annotate EM data for selected 
trips, and submit a report detailing the results to NMFS, in accordance 
with program requirements. NMFS would compare the third-party service 
provider's report to the eVTR submitted by the captain to understand 
the accuracy of self-reporting by EM vessels. Estimates of groundfish 
discards reported by the captain on the eVTR and EM data collected by 
the third-party service provider would serve as the basis for catch 
accounting .
    We are announcing our determination and supporting rationale in 
this proposed rule to facilitate public review of, and comment on, the 
monitoring plans included in the sector operations plans and contracts 
proposed in the following section. We will approve or disapprove each 
plan based on its sufficiency for sector catch accounting. Any EM 
program employed by a sector to meet monitoring and reporting 
requirements must adhere to the EM program standards described in the 
Fishing Years 2021-22 Sector Operations Plan, Contract, and EA 
Requirements guidance document located on our website: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/new-england-mid-atlantic/commercial-fishing/fishing-year-2020-sectors.
    We are also making regulatory adjustments, implemented under our 
section 305(d) authority in the Magnuson-Stevens Act to make changes 
necessary to carry out the FMP. We are making these adjustments to 
clarify the use of EM for sector monitoring as described in the 
regulations at Sec.  648.87 and to ensure the FMP is implemented in 
accordance with the Magnuson-Stevens Act.

Sector Operations Plans and Contracts

    There were 16 active groundfish sectors in fishing year 2020. All 
16 active sectors submitted operations plans and contracts for approval 
for fishing years 2021 and 2022. We are proposing to approve 16 sector 
operations plans and contracts for fishing years 2021 and 2022. In 
order to approve a sector's operations plan for fishing years 2021 and 
2022, we consider whether a sector's plan is consistent with regulatory 
requirements and FMP objectives, and whether it has been compliant with 
reporting requirements from previous years, including the year-end 
reporting requirements found at Sec.  648.87(b)(1)(vi)(C). Approved 
operations plans, provided on our website as a single document for each 
sector, not only contain the rules under which each sector would fish, 
but also provide the legal contract that binds each member to the 
sector for the length of the sector's operations plan. Each sector's 
operations plan, and each sector's members, must comply with the 
regulations governing sectors, found at Sec.  648.87. In addition, each 
sector must conduct fishing activities as detailed in its approved 
operations plan.
    Participating vessels are required to comply with all pertinent 
Federal fishing regulations, except as specifically exempted in the 
letter of authorization (LOA) issued by the Regional Administrator, 
which details any approved sector exemptions from the regulations. If, 
during a fishing year, or between fishing years 2021 and 2022, a sector 
requests an exemption that we have already granted, or proposes a 
change to administrative provisions, we may amend the sector operations 
plans. Should any such amendments require modifications to LOAs, we 
would include these changes in updated LOAs and provide them to the 
appropriate sectors.
    As in previous years, we retain the right to revoke exemptions in-
season if: We determine that the exemption jeopardizes management 
measures, FMP objectives, or rebuilding efforts; the exemption results 
in unforeseen negative impacts on other managed fish stocks, habitat, 
or protected resources; the exemption causes enforcement concerns; 
catch from trips using the exemption cannot be adequately monitored; or 
a sector is not meeting certain administrative or operational 
requirements. If it becomes necessary to revoke an exemption, we will 
do so

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through a process consistent with the Administrative Procedure Act.
    Each sector is required to ensure that it does not exceed its ACE 
during the fishing year. Sector vessels are required to retain all 
legal-sized allocated Northeast multispecies stocks, unless a sector is 
granted an exemption allowing its member vessels to discard legal-sized 
unmarketable fish at sea. Catch (defined as landings and discards) of 
all allocated Northeast multispecies stocks by a sector's vessels count 
against the sector's allocation. Groundfish catch from a sector trip 
targeting non-groundfish species would be deducted from the sector's 
ACE because these are groundfish trips using gear capable of catching 
groundfish. Catch from a non-sector trip in an exempted fishery does 
not count against a sector's allocation and is assigned to a separate 
ACL sub-component to account for any groundfish bycatch that occurs in 
non-groundfish fisheries.
    Each sector contract details the method for initial ACE sub-
allocation to sector members. For fishing years 2021 and 2022, each 
sector has proposed that each active sector member could harvest an 
amount of fish equal to the amount each individual member's permit 
contributed to the sector, as modified by the sector for reserves or 
other management measures. Each sector operations plan submitted for 
fishing years 2021 and 2022 states that the sector would withhold an 
initial reserve from the sector's ACE sub-allocation to each individual 
member to prevent the sector from exceeding its ACE. A sector and 
sector members can be held jointly and severally liable for ACE 
overages, discarding legal-sized fish, and/or misreporting catch 
(landings or discards). Each sector contract provides procedures for 
sector enforcement of its rules, explains sector monitoring and 
reporting requirements, provides sector managers with the authority to 
issue stop fishing orders to sector members who violate provisions of 
the operations plan and contract, and presents a schedule of penalties 
that managers may levy on members for sector plan violations.
    Sectors are required to monitor their allocations and catch. To 
help ensure that a sector does not exceed its ACE, each sector 
operations plan explains sector monitoring and reporting requirements, 
including a requirement to submit weekly catch reports to us. If a 
sector reaches an ACE threshold (specified in the operations plan), the 
sector must provide us with sector allocation usage reports on a daily 
basis. Once a sector's allocation for a particular stock is caught, 
that sector is required to cease all sector fishing operations in that 
stock area until it acquires more ACE, likely by an ACE transfer 
between sectors. Within 60 days of when we complete year-end catch 
accounting, each sector is required to submit an annual report 
detailing the sector's catch (landings and discards), sector 
enforcement actions, and pertinent information necessary to evaluate 
the biological, economic, and social impacts of each sector.

Industry-Funded Monitoring Programs

    Sectors are responsible for designing, implementing, and funding a 
monitoring program that will provide the level of ASM coverage 
specified by NMFS for that year. We are required to determine a level 
of ASM coverage using a process described in Framework 55 (81 FR 26412; 
May 2, 2016) that provides a reliable estimate of overall catch by 
sectors needed for monitoring ACEs and ACLs while minimizing the cost 
burden to sectors and NMFS to the extent practicable. Sectors are 
responsible for the at-sea portion of costs associated with the 
sector's monitoring program(s), even in years when reimbursement funds 
are available.
    In fishing years 2010 and 2011, we funded an ASM program with a 
target ASM coverage level of 30 percent of all trips. In addition, we 
provided 8-percent observer coverage through the Northeast Fishery 
Observer Program (NEFOP), which helps to support the Standardized 
Bycatch Reporting Methodology (SBRM) and stock assessments. This 
resulted in an overall target coverage level of 38 percent for fishing 
years 2010 and 2011, from the combined ASM and NEFOP. Beginning in 
fishing year 2012, we have conducted an annual analysis to determine 
the total target coverage level. Table 5 depicts the annual target 
coverage levels. Industry has been required to pay for their ASM 
coverage costs since 2012, while we continued to fund NEFOP coverage. 
However, we were able to fund the industry's portion of ASM costs and 
NEFOP coverage in fishing years 2012 through most of 2015. Industry 
paid for their portion of the ASM program beginning in March 2016. In 
June 2016, after determining that the SBRM monitoring program could be 
fully funded with additional funding remaining, we announced that we 
had funds available to offset some of industry's costs of the 
groundfish ASM program in 2016. We reimbursed sectors for 85 percent of 
their ASM costs for 10 months of the fishing year, distributed through 
a grant by the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission. In fishing 
year 2017, using leftover funds from the 2016 grant, we reimbursed 
sectors for 60 percent of industry costs in fishing year 2017. Fishing 
effort was lower than expected in the first few months of the fishing 
year, and we were ultimately able to retroactively reimburse sectors 
for an additional estimated 25 percent of industry's 2017 costs, which 
exhausted the remaining available SBRM funds. In fiscal years 2018, 
2019, 2020, and 2021, Congress appropriated $10.3 million for 
groundfish ASM. With these funds, we were able to fully reimburse 
industry costs in fishing years 2018, 2019, and 2020.

                             Table 5--Historic Target Coverage Level for Monitoring
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                              Total target       ASM target       NEFOP target
                       Fishing year                          coverage level    coverage level    coverage level
                                                                (percent)         (percent)         (percent)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2010......................................................                38                30                 8
2011......................................................                38                30                 8
2012......................................................                25                17                 8
2013......................................................                22                14                 8
2014......................................................                26                18                 8
2015......................................................                16                12                 4
2016......................................................                14                10                 4
2017......................................................                16                 8                 8
2018......................................................                15                10                 5
2019......................................................                31               (*)               (*)

[[Page 16695]]

 
2020......................................................                40               (*)               (*)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Beginning in fishing year 2019, assignment of NEFOP coverage changed in a way that no longer provided a single
  coverage target across all sectors. As a result, the total target coverage level was no longer partitioned
  into fixed ASM and NEFOP target coverage levels.

    On March 20, 2020, we issued a fleet-wide observer waiver in 
response to local travel restrictions and limits on gatherings. During 
this time, we worked with monitoring service providers to develop 
observer redeployment plans, finalize internal policies to promote safe 
and effective redeployment, and conduct outreach to industry. We 
initiated the redeployment process on August 14, 2020. We are currently 
operating under two national level observer waivers. A vessel receives 
a waiver if an observer or ASM is not available for deployment; or the 
observer provider cannot meet the safety protocols imposed by a state 
on the commercial fishing crew or by the vessel or vessel company on 
its crew. Service provider companies have experienced significant staff 
attrition this year as a result of the limited amount of work 
available, and will need to hire additional staff to meet future 
specified coverage levels. Given the circumstances, we do not expect 
sectors to meet the 40 percent target coverage level in fishing year 
2020. We expect to work with sectors and service provider companies 
through the remainder of the year to increase coverage levels to the 
extent possible, and to ensure they meet the specified coverage level 
when normal operations resume.
    As announced in the previous section, we have determined that the 
EM audit model is sufficient to be used by vessels instead of ASM to 
meet sector monitoring requirements. Sector vessels may choose to use 
either ASM or the EM audit model to meet monitoring requirements, 
provided that the sector has a corresponding monitoring program 
approved as part of its operations plans, and we will no longer 
implement the EM audit model using an EFP. On January 26, 2021, we 
announced that the total target ASM coverage level will be 40 percent 
for fishing year 2021. Vessels that choose to use ASM to meet 
monitoring requirements would have a target coverage level of 40 
percent for all sector groundfish trips. Vessels that choose to use EM 
to meet monitoring coverage requirements would use cameras and adhere 
to catch handling protocols as described in the VMP for all groundfish 
trips. Only a subset of the submitted trips would be selected for 
review to monitor groundfish discards for catch accounting. For fishing 
year 2021, NMFS would randomly select 50 percent of trips for review by 
a third-party service provider. A subset of the selected trips would 
undergo a secondary review by NMFS to monitor the third-party service 
provider's performance. The vessel owner or operator and the third-
party service provider must provide the EM data for any given trip to 
NMFS, and its authorized officers and designees, upon request 
including, but not limited to, trips selected for secondary review. The 
fishing year 2022 selection rate for third-party review would be 
announced during fishing year 2021. The selection rate may vary 
annually based on vessel performance and less than 100 percent of trips 
would be reviewed, consistent with regulations at 50 CFR 
648.87(b)(1)(v)(B)(1). Although the exact costs of groundfish 
monitoring for fishing year 2021 are not known at this time, we expect 
we will have sufficient funds to fully reimburse industry's costs for 
ASM and EM based on our experience in previous fishing years.

Proposed Industry-Funded Monitoring Programs

    The draft operations plans submitted in October 2020 include 
industry-funded monitoring plans for fishing year 2021. As in previous 
years, we gave sectors the option to design their own monitoring 
program(s) in compliance with regulations or elect to adopt the NMFS-
designed ASM and/or EM audit model program(s). The NMFS-designed ASM 
program is the same program that we have used in previous fishing 
years. In the event that we cannot approve a proposed monitoring 
program, we asked all sectors to include an option to select a current 
NMFS-designed monitoring program as a fail-safe.
    All active sectors submitted an ASM plan as part of their draft 
operations plans. Similar to previous years, some sectors chose to use 
the NMFS-designed ASM program while others proposed programs of their 
own design. Sector-designed ASM programs for fishing years 2021 and 
2022 were similar to those approved in past years.
    Sustainable Harvest Sectors 1, 2, and 3; the GB Cod Fixed Gear 
Sector, the Maine Coast Community Sector, and Northeast Fishery Sectors 
(NEFS) 5, 10, 11, and 13 have proposed to use the NMFS-designed ASM 
program. We propose to approve this program for these sectors because 
it is consistent with goals and objectives of monitoring and regulatory 
requirements. Sectors that operate only as permit banks, and explicitly 
prohibit fishing in their operations plans, are not required to include 
provisions for an ASM program.
    We propose to approve the ASM programs proposed by the remaining 
five active sectors, NEFS 2, 6, 7, 8, and 12, which state that they 
will: Contract with a NMFS-approved ASM provider; meet the specified 
coverage level; and utilize the Pre-Trip Notification System for random 
selection of monitored trips and notification to providers. These ASM 
programs also include additional protocols for ASM coverage waivers, 
incident reporting, and safety requirements for their sector managers 
and members. We have preliminarily determined that the proposed 
programs are consistent with the goals and objectives of ASM and 
regulatory requirements.
    Seven sectors also submitted an EM plan as part of their draft 
operations plans. Of these sectors, six sectors, Sustainable Harvest 
Sectors 1, 2, and 3; the GB Cod Fixed Gear Sector, the Maine Coast 
Community Sector, and Northeast Fishery Sector 5, chose to use the 
NMFS-designed EM audit model program. We propose to approve this 
program for these sectors because it is consistent with goals and 
objectives of monitoring and regulatory requirements.
    One sector, Northeast Fishery Sector 2, proposed an EM program of 
its own design. The proposed program maintained key elements of the 
NMFS-designed EM audit model program as the basis for its proposed EM 
program with modifications. We propose to approve NEFS 2's proposed 
program, which states that it will: Contract with an approved service 
provider; utilize PTNS as required; run cameras on 100 percent of 
groundfish trips for EM

[[Page 16696]]

vessels; and audit trips at a rate of 50 percent. The proposed program 
also establishes internal protocols and controls for the sector to 
manage its member vessels' participation in EM. We propose to approve 
this program for this sector because it is consistent with goals and 
objectives of monitoring and regulatory requirements.

Previously Granted Exemptions for Fishing Years 2021 and 2022

Previously Granted Exemptions Granted for Fishing Years 2021 and 2022 
(1-19)

    We are granting exemptions from the following requirements for 
fishing years 2021 and 2022, all of which have been requested and 
granted in previous years:
    (1) 120-day block out of the fishery required for Day gillnet 
vessels;
    (2) 20-day spawning block out of the fishery required for all 
vessels;
    (3) limits on the number of gillnets for Day gillnet vessels 
outside the GOM;
    (4) prohibition on a vessel hauling another vessel's gillnet gear;
    (5) limits on the number of gillnets that may be hauled on GB when 
fishing under a Northeast multispecies/monkfish DAS;
    (6) limits on the number of hooks that may be fished;
    (7) DAS Leasing Program length and horsepower restrictions;
    (8) prohibition on discarding;
    (9) gear requirements in the Eastern U.S./Canada Management Area;
    (10) prohibition on a vessel hauling another vessel's hook gear;
    (11) the requirement to declare an intent to fish in the Eastern 
U.S./Canada Special Access Program (SAP) and the Closed Area (CA) II 
Yellowtail Flounder/Haddock SAP prior to leaving the dock;
    (12) seasonal restrictions for the Eastern U.S./Canada Haddock SAP;
    (13) seasonal restrictions for the CA II Yellowtail Flounder/
Haddock SAP;
    (14) sampling exemption;
    (15) 6.5-inch minimum mesh size requirement for trawl nets to allow 
a 5.5-inch codend on directed redfish trips;
    (16) prohibition on combining small-mesh exempted fishery and 
sector trips in SNE;
    (17) extra-large mesh requirement to target dogfish on trips 
excluded from ASM in SNE and Inshore GB;
    (18) requirement that Handgear A vessels carry a Vessel Monitoring 
System (VMS) unit when fishing in a single broad stock area (BSA); and
    (19) limits on the number of gillnets for Day gillnet vessels in 
the GOM.
    A detailed description of the previously granted exemptions and 
supporting rationale can be found in the applicable final rules 
identified in Table 6 below.

         Table 6--Exemptions From Previous Fishing Years That Are Granted in Fishing Years 2021 and 2022
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Exemptions                    Rulemaking              Date of publication             Citation
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1-2, 4-9...................  Fishing Year 2011 Sector       April 25, 2011..........  76 FR 23076.
                              Operations Final Rule.
10-11......................  Fishing Year 2012 Sector       May 2, 2012.............  77 FR 26129.
                              Operations Final Rule.
12-14......................  Fishing Year 2013 Sector       May 2, 2013.............  78 FR 25591.
                              Operations Interim Final
                              Rule.
3, 15-16...................  Fishing Years 2015-2016        May 1, 2015.............  80 FR 25143.
                              Sector Operations Final Rule.
17.........................  Framework 55 Final Rule......  May 2, 2016.............  81 FR 26412.
18.........................  Amendment 18 Final Rule......  April 21, 2017..........  82 FR 18706.
19.........................  Fishing Year 2018 Sector       May 1, 2018.............  83 FR 18965.
                              Operations Final Rule.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Northeast Multispecies Federal Register documents can be found at https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/management-plan/northeast-multispecies-management-plan.

New Exemption Requests We Will Not Approve for Fishing Year 2021

Minimum Mesh Size for Gillnets Fished in Georges Bank

    For fishing year 2021, one sector requested a new exemption to 
allow sector vessels to use 6.0-inch (15.2-cm) mesh size to target 
groundfish in the GB BSA. Under current regulations, vessels are 
prohibited from fishing for groundfish with gillnets with mesh smaller 
than 6.5 inches (16.5 cm) in the GOM and GB Regulated Mesh Areas. 
Minimum mesh size restrictions (Sec.  648.80(a)(3)(i), (a)(4)(i), 
(b)(2)(i), and (c)(2)(i)) were implemented under previous groundfish 
actions to reduce overall mortality on groundfish stocks, change the 
selection pattern of the fishery to target larger fish, improve 
survival of sublegal fish, and allow sublegal fish more opportunity to 
spawn before entering the fishery.
    Under the requested exemption, sector vessels would fish with 
gillnets as small as 6.0 inches (15.2 cm) in the GB BSA year-round. 
Vessels would restrict fishing activity to the GB BSA when fishing 
under the exemption. Vessels would be restricted to a maximum of 30 
gillnets. Soak time would not exceed 24 hours and vessels would 
retrieve their gear at the end of each trip. Participating sectors 
would monitor exemption usage to ensure that haddock catch makes up 75 
percent or more of the total catch, based on a running three trip 
average. The intent of the request is to allow vessels fishing with 
gillnets to target GB haddock, a healthy groundfish stock.
    We previously approved similar exemptions in fishing years 2010-
2012, which allowed vessels to use 6.0-inch (15.2-cm) mesh gillnets to 
target haddock in the Gulf of Maine, however, these exemptions were 
disapproved in 2013 (78 FR 25591; May 2, 2013) due to concerns about 
GOM haddock stock status, which was poor at the time, and potential 
impacts on protected species. Despite improved stock status of GOM 
haddock, we have not re-approved an exemption in the GOM because of 
concerns about bycatch of GOM cod, which is in poor condition.
    We are denying the request in this year's sector operations plans. 
Sectors submitted a similar exemption request last year, which we also 
denied. While GB haddock is a healthy stock and we are supportive of 
efforts to increase utilization of GB haddock quota, we are concerned 
that allowing the use of gillnets smaller than the 6.5-inch (16.5-cm) 
minimum mesh size may have an impact on GB cod, given that this stock 
is overfished and overfishing is occurring. Although some studies have 
shown increased selectivity of haddock with smaller mesh gillnets, 
selectivity curves suggest that smaller mesh gillnets will catch more 
smaller-sized cod and other co-occurring species than larger mesh nets. 
Industry and researchers have conducted studies to further investigate 
the selectivity of different gillnet mesh sizes, but these studies 
relied on limited data, did not directly investigate fishing in the 
proposed areas, and have yet to be peer reviewed. In addition, changes 
in the location and intensity of gillnet fishing may have impacts on 
protected resources, particularly North Atlantic

[[Page 16697]]

right whales, which are critically endangered and are present in the 
requested area during certain times of year. We may reevaluate this 
exemption request in a future action, should further information become 
available.

Additional Sector Operations Plan Provisions

Inshore GOM Restrictions

    Several sectors have proposed an operations plan provision to limit 
and more accurately document a vessel's behavior when fishing in an 
area they define as the inshore portion of the GOM BSA, or the area to 
the west of 70[deg] 15' W. long. As in fishing years 2019 and 2020, we 
are approving this provision, but a sector may elect to remove this 
provision in the final version of its operations plan, and it is not a 
requirement under NMFS regulations.
    Under this provision, a vessel that is carrying an observer or ASM 
would remain free to fish in all areas, including the inshore GOM area, 
without restriction. If a vessel is not carrying an observer or ASM and 
fishes any part of its trip in the GOM west of 70[deg] 15' W. long., 
the vessel would be prohibited from fishing outside of the GOM BSA. 
Also, if a vessel is not carrying an observer or ASM and fishes any 
part of its trip outside the GOM BSA, this provision would prohibit a 
vessel from fishing west of 70[deg] 15' W. long. within the GOM BSA. 
The approved provision includes a requirement that a vessel declare 
whether it intends to fish in the inshore GOM area through the trip 
start hail using its VMS unit prior to departure. We provide sector 
managers with the ability to monitor this provision through the Sector 
Information Management Module, a website where we also provide roster, 
trip, discard, and observer information to sector managers. A sector 
vessel may use a federally-funded NEFOP observer or ASM on these trips 
because we believe this option will not create bias in discard 
estimates, as fishing behavior is expected to be consistent with the 
standard fishery requirements such as minimum gear and fish sizes as a 
result of exercising this option.

Prohibition on a Vessel Hauling Another Vessel's Trap Gear To Target 
Groundfish

    Several sectors have requested a provision to allow a vessel to 
haul another vessel's fish trap gear, similar to the current exemptions 
that allow a vessel to haul another vessel's gillnet gear or hook gear. 
These exemptions have generally been referred to as ``community'' gear 
exemptions. Regulations at Sec.  648.84(a) require a vessel to mark all 
bottom-tending fixed gear, which includes fish trap gear used to target 
groundfish. This requirement helps protect against illegal hauling of 
gear by vessels that do not own the gear and are not authorized to tend 
it. To facilitate enforcement of Sec.  648.84(a) and use of this 
exemption, we are requiring each vessel authorized to haul another's 
gillnet gear to tag that gear, similar to how this sector operations 
plan provision was implemented in fishing years 2014 through 2020. This 
allows one vessel to deploy the trap gear and another vessel to haul 
the trap gear, provided both vessels tag the gear prior to deployment. 
This requirement is included in the sector's operations plan to provide 
the opportunity for the sector to monitor the use of this provision and 
facilitate the Office of Law Enforcement and the U.S. Coast Guard's 
enforcement of the marking requirement. We do not expect this provision 
to increase effort or the amount of fish trap gear used. Instead, it 
would provide an efficiency and would allow a vessel to retrieve gear 
as a convenience.

Classification

    Pursuant to section 304(b)(1)(A) of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery 
Conservation and Management Act (Magnuson-Stevens Act), the NMFS 
Assistant Administrator has preliminarily determined that this proposed 
rule is consistent with the Northeast Multispecies FMP, other 
provisions of the Magnuson-Stevens Act, and other applicable law, 
subject to further consideration after public comment.
    This proposed rule has been determined to be not significant for 
purposes of Executive Order 12866.
    The Chief Counsel for Regulation of the Department of Commerce 
certified to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business 
Administration (SBA) that this proposed rule, if adopted, would not 
have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small 
entities.
    This action proposes to approve measures submitted in 16 Northeast 
multispecies sector operations plans, including sector regulatory 
exemptions intended to provide additional operational flexibility, at-
sea and electronic monitoring programs, and the allocation of ACE to 
sectors. Sectors must have an approved operations plan in order to 
operate, receive ACE allocations, and authorize member vessels to fish. 
Sectors operate under a series of ``universal'' regulatory exemptions 
that exempt sector vessels from some of the effort controls in the 
fishery management plan, as well as sector-specific exemptions, which 
grant additional operational flexibilities to sector vessels. Universal 
exemptions include exemptions from DAS, seasonal closures, and trip 
limits. These exemptions allow sector participants to maximize per-trip 
yields, more fully harvest healthy stocks, and time the market.
    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) requires Federal agencies to 
consider disproportionality and profitability to determine the 
significance of regulatory impacts. For RFA purposes only, NMFS 
established a small business size standard for businesses, including 
their affiliates, whose primary industry is commercial fishing (see 50 
CFR 200.2). A business primarily engaged in commercial fishing (NAICS 
code 11411) is classified as a small business if it is independently 
owned and operated, is not dominant in its field of operation 
(including its affiliates), and has combined annual receipts less than 
$11 million for all its affiliated operations worldwide. The 
determination of whether the entity is large or small is based on the 
average annual revenue for the most recent 3 years for which data are 
available (from 2017 through 2019).
    To participate in the Northeast Multispecies Sector Program, 
vessels must possess a limited access multispecies permit and operate 
as part of a sector. Entities holding one or more limited access 
multispecies permits are potentially impacted by this action. According 
to the commercial database, there were 627 entities that had at least 
one valid limited access permit during 2019, the last year for which 
affiliation information is available. Of these entities, 100 did not 
have revenues. There were 527 entities that reported revenues during 
2019. Of these, 6 were classified as large and 521 were classified as 
small businesses.\1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ For purposes of this analysis, groundfish limited access 
eligibilities held as Confirmation of Permit History (CPH) are not 
included because although they may generate revenue from ACE 
leasing, they do not generate any gross sales from fishing activity 
and thus would not be classified as commercial fishing entities.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The proposed approval of fishing years 2021 and 2022 operations 
plans and the allocation of fishing year 2021 ACE to groundfish sectors 
will have a positive impact on all 627 entities, as it will allow them 
to participate in the sector groundfish fishery rather than fish under 
the common pool effort control regulations. Common pool regulations 
include limits on DAS, trip limits, gear restrictions, size limits, and 
closures intended to control overall

[[Page 16698]]

fishing mortality. In addition, these effort controls would be subject 
to in-season modifications and fishery closures based on industry-wide 
landings. Conversely, the ability to participate in the sector fishery 
would provide increased efficiency and flexibility to fishing 
businesses by exempting sector members from common pool limits. The 
proposed rule will not have a significant economic impact on a 
substantial number of small entities, and small entities would not be 
placed at a competitive disadvantage relative to large entities. As a 
result, an initial regulatory flexibility analysis is not required and 
none has been prepared.
    This proposed rule does not contain a change to a collection of 
information requirement for purposes of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 
1995. The existing collection of information requirements would 
continue to apply under the following OMB Control Number(s): 0648-0605; 
Northeast Multispecies Amendment 16.

List of Subjects in 50 CFR Part 648

    Fisheries, Fishing, Recordkeeping and reporting requirements.

    Dated: March 24, 2021.
Samuel D. Rauch, III,
Deputy Assistant Administrator for Regulatory Programs, National Marine 
Fisheries Service.

    For the reasons stated in the preamble, 50 CFR part 648 is proposed 
to be amended as follows:

PART 648--FISHERIES OF THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES

0
1. The authority citation for part 648 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.

0
2. In Sec.  648.2, add the definitions for ``electronic monitoring 
data,'' ``raw,'' and ``video reviewer'' in alphabetical order to read 
as follows:


Sec.  648.2   Definitions.

* * * * *
    Electronic monitoring data means the data that are created in the 
collection of fishery-dependent data by electronic monitoring systems 
during fishing operations, including the video, images, and other 
sensor data, as well as the metadata that provides information (e.g., 
trip sail date, vessel information) about the raw data.
* * * * *
    Raw, with respect to electronic monitoring, means the original, 
unaltered video footage, images, and other sensor data collected by an 
electronic monitoring system.
* * * * *
    Video reviewer means any electronic monitoring service provider 
staff approved/certified by NMFS for providing electronic monitoring 
video review services consistent with electronic monitoring program 
requirements.
* * * * *
0
3. In Sec.  648.14, revise paragraph (k)(14)(x) and add paragraphs 
(k)(14)(xii) and (xiii) to read as follows:


Sec.  648.14  Prohibitions.

* * * * *
    (k) * * *
    (14) * * *
    (x) Leave port to begin a trip before an at-sea monitor has arrived 
and boarded the vessel if assigned to carry an at-sea monitor for that 
trip, or without an operational electronic monitoring system installed 
on board, as specified in Sec.  648.87(b)(5)(iii)(A).
* * * * *
    (xii) Fail to comply with the electronic monitoring system 
requirements as specified in Sec.  684.87(b)(5)(iii)(A)(2).
    (xiii) Fail to comply with the vessel monitoring plan requirements 
as specified in Sec.  648.87(b)(5)(iii)(A)(3).
* * * * *
0
4. In Sec.  648.87,
0
a. Revise paragraphs (b)(1)(v)(B) introductory text, (b)(1)(v)(B)(1) 
introductory text, (b)(4) introductory text, (b)(4)(i)(D) through (J), 
(b)(4)(ii) introductory text, (b)(4)(ii)(A)(6), (b)(4)(ii)(B) through 
(D), (b)(4)(ii)(G), and (b)(4)(ii)(H)(1);
0
b. Add paragraphs (b)(4)(ii)(H)(4) and (b)(4)(iv); and
0
c. Revise paragraphs (b)(5)(iii)(A), (b)(5)(iii)(B)(2), and 
(b)(5)(iv)(B).
    The revisions and additions to read as follows:


Sec.  648.87   Sector allocation.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (v) * * *
    (B) Independent third-party monitoring program. A sector must 
develop and implement an at-sea or electronic monitoring program that 
is satisfactory to, and approved by, NMFS for monitoring catch and 
discards and utilization of sector ACE, as specified in this paragraph 
(b)(1)(v)(B). The primary goal of the at-sea/electronic monitoring 
program is to verify area fished, as well as catch and discards by 
species and gear type, in the most cost-effective means practicable. 
All other goals and objectives of groundfish monitoring programs at 
Sec.  648.11(l) are considered equally-weighted secondary goals. The 
details of any at-sea or electronic monitoring program must be 
specified in the sector's operations plan, pursuant to paragraph 
(b)(2)(xi) of this section, and must meet the operational standards 
specified in paragraph (b)(5) of this section. Electronic monitoring 
may be used in place of at-sea monitors if the technology is deemed 
sufficient by NMFS for a specific trip type based on gear type and area 
fished, in a manner consistent with the Administrative Procedure Act. 
The level of coverage for trips by sector vessels is specified in 
paragraph (b)(1)(v)(B)(1) of this section. The at-sea/electronic 
monitoring program shall be reviewed and approved by the Regional 
Administrator as part of a sector's operations plans in a manner 
consistent with the Administrative Procedure Act. A service provider 
providing at-sea or electronic monitoring services pursuant to this 
paragraph (b)(1)(v)(B) must meet the service provider standards 
specified in paragraph (b)(4) of this section, and be approved by NMFS 
in a manner consistent with the Administrative Procedure Act.
    (1) Coverage levels. Except as specified in paragraph 
(b)(1)(v)(B)(1)(i) of this section, any service provider providing at-
sea or electronic monitoring services required under this paragraph 
(b)(1)(v)(B)(1) must provide coverage that is fair and equitable, and 
distributed in a statistically random manner among all trips such that 
coverage is representative of fishing activities by all vessels within 
each sector and by all operations of vessels operating in each sector 
throughout the fishing year. Coverage levels for an at-sea or 
electronic monitoring program, including video review requirements, 
shall be specified by NMFS, pursuant to paragraph (b)(1)(v)(B)(1)(i) of 
this section, but shall be less than 100 percent of all sector trips. 
In the event that a NMFS-sponsored observer and a third-party at-sea 
monitor are assigned to the same trip, only the NMFS observer must 
observe that trip. If an at-sea monitor is assigned to a particular 
trip, a vessel may not leave port without the at-sea monitor on board. 
If a vessel is using electronic monitoring to comply with the 
monitoring requirements of this part, it may not leave port without an 
operational electronic monitoring system on board.
* * * * *
    (4) Independent third-party monitoring provider standards. Any 
service provider intending to provide at-

[[Page 16699]]

sea/electronic monitoring services described in paragraph (b)(1)(v) of 
this section must apply to and be approved/certified by NMFS in a 
manner consistent with the Administrative Procedure Act. NMFS shall 
approve/certify service providers, at-sea monitors, or video reviewers 
as eligible to provide sector monitoring services specified in this 
part and can disapprove/decertify service providers, individual at-sea 
monitors, or video reviewers through notice in writing to individual 
service providers/monitors/video reviewers if the following criteria 
are no longer being met:
    (i) * * *
    (D) A statement, signed under penalty of perjury, from each owner, 
board member, and officer describing any criminal convictions, Federal 
contracts they have had, and the performance rating they received on 
the contract, and previous decertification action while working as an 
observer, at-sea monitor, or video reviewer; or as an observer, at-sea, 
or electronic monitoring service provider;
    (E) A description of any prior experience the applicant may have in 
placing individuals or monitoring equipment in remote field and/or 
marine work environments including, but not limited to, recruiting, 
hiring, deployment, equipment installation and maintenance, and 
personnel administration;
    (F) A description of the applicant's ability to carry out the 
responsibilities and duties of a sector monitoring service provider and 
the arrangements to be used, including whether the service provider is 
able to offer at-sea or electronic monitoring services;
    (G) Evidence of adequate insurance (copies of which shall be 
provided to the vessel owner, operator, or vessel manager, when 
requested) to cover injury, liability, and accidental death to cover 
at-sea monitors (including during training) and electronic monitoring 
staff who provide electronic monitoring services to vessels; vessel 
owner; and service provider. NMFS will determine the adequate level of 
insurance and notify potential service providers;
    (H) Proof of benefits and personnel services provided in accordance 
with the terms of each monitor's or electronic monitoring staff's 
contract or employment status;
    (I) Proof that the service provider's at-sea monitors or video 
reviewers have passed an adequate training course sponsored by the 
service providers to the extent not funded by NMFS that is consistent 
with the curriculum used in the current yearly NEFOP training course, 
unless otherwise specified by NMFS;
    (J) An Emergency Action Plan describing the provider's response to 
an emergency with any at-sea monitor or electronic monitoring staff, 
including, but not limited to, personal injury, death, harassment, or 
intimidation; and
* * * * *
    (ii) Service provider performance requirements. At-sea and 
electronic monitoring service providers must be able to document 
compliance with the following criteria and requirements:
    (A) * * *
    (6) For service providers offering catch estimation or at-sea or 
electronic monitoring services, a service provider must be able to 
determine an estimate of discards for each trip and provide such 
information to the sector manager and NMFS, as required by this 
section.
    (B) The service provider must ensure that at-sea monitors or video 
reviewers remain available to NMFS, including NMFS Office for Law 
Enforcement, for debriefing for at least 2 weeks following any 
monitored trip/offload or electronic monitoring trip report submission. 
Electronic monitoring service providers must ensure that electronic 
monitoring data and reports are retained for a minimum of 12 months 
after catch data is finalized for the fishing year. NMFS will notify 
providers of the catch data finalization date each year. The service 
provider must provide NMFS access to electronic monitoring data upon 
request;
    (C) The service provider must report possible at-sea or electronic 
monitoring staff harassment; discrimination; concerns about vessel 
safety or marine casualty; injury; and any information, allegations, or 
reports regarding at-sea or electronic monitoring staff conflict of 
interest or breach of the standards of behavior to NMFS and/or the 
sector manager, as specified by NMFS;
    (D) The service provider must submit to NMFS, if requested, a copy 
of each signed and valid contract (including all attachments, 
appendices, addendums, and exhibits incorporated into the contract) 
between the service provider and those entities requiring services 
(i.e., sectors and participating vessels) and between the service 
provider and specific dockside, roving, at-sea, or electronic 
monitoring staff;
* * * * *
    (G) With the exception of a service provider offering reporting, 
dockside, at-sea, or electronic monitoring services to participants of 
another fishery managed under Federal regulations, a service provider's 
owner(s), board member(s), and officers must not have a direct or 
indirect interest in a fishery managed under Federal regulations, 
including, but not limited to, fishing vessels, dealers, shipping 
companies, sectors, sector managers, advocacy groups, or research 
institutions and may not solicit or accept, directly or indirectly, any 
gratuity, gift, favor, entertainment, loan, or anything of monetary 
value from anyone who conducts fishing or fishing-related activities 
that are regulated by NMFS, or who has interests that may be 
substantially affected by the performance or nonperformance of the 
official duties of service providers;
    (H) * * *
    (1) At-sea monitor and other approved monitoring equipment 
deployment or video review levels, including the number of refusals and 
reasons for such refusals;
* * * * *
    (4) * * *
    (iv) Standards for individual electronic monitoring video 
reviewers. For an individual to be approved/certified as an electronic 
monitoring video reviewer, the service provider must demonstrate that 
each potential reviewer meets the requirements described in paragraphs 
(b)(4)(iii)(A), (B), (E), and (F) of this section.
* * * * *
    (5) * * *
    (iii) * * *
    (A) Vessel requirements - (1) Pre-trip notification. In addition to 
all other reporting/recordkeeping requirements specified in this part, 
to facilitate the deployment of at-sea monitors and electronic 
monitoring equipment pursuant to paragraph (b)(1)(v)(B)(1) of this 
section, the operator of a vessel fishing on a sector trip must provide 
at-sea/electronic monitoring service providers with at least the 
following information: The vessel name, permit number, trip ID number 
in the form of the VTR serial number of the first VTR page for that 
trip or another trip identifier specified by NMFS, whether a monkfish 
DAS will be used, and an estimate of the date/time of departure in 
advance of each trip. The timing of such notice shall be sufficient to 
allow ample time for the service provider to determine whether an at-
sea monitor or electronic monitoring equipment will be deployed on each 
trip and allow the at-sea monitor or electronic monitoring equipment to 
prepare for the trip and get to port, or to be installed on the vessel, 
respectively. The details of the timing, method (e.g., phone, email, 
etc.), and information needed for such pre-trip notifications shall be 
included as part of a sector's yearly operations plan. If a vessel has 
been informed by a

[[Page 16700]]

service provider that an at-sea monitor or electronic monitoring 
equipment has been assigned to a particular trip pursuant to paragraph 
(b)(5)(iii)(B)(1) of this section, the vessel may not leave port to 
begin that trip until the at-sea monitor has arrived and boarded the 
vessel, or the electronic monitoring equipment has been properly 
installed.
    (2) Electronic monitoring system requirements. A vessel operator 
using electronic monitoring to meet sector monitoring requirements must 
ensure that the electronic monitoring system is operational for every 
trip, including:
    (i) Ensuring that the electronic monitoring system is operating, 
recording, and retaining the recording for the duration of every trip. 
A vessel must not fish without an operational electronic monitoring 
system recording and retaining the recording of activity onboard, 
unless issued a waiver by NMFS;
    (ii) Conducting a system check of the electronic monitoring system 
prior to departing on a fishing trip to ensure it is fully operational, 
including ensuring there is sufficient video storage capacity to retain 
the recording of the entire fishing trip;
    (iii) Ensuring camera views are unobstructed and clear, including 
ensuring lighting is sufficient in all circumstances to illuminate 
catch, so that catch and discards are visible and may be identified and 
quantified as required; and
    (iv) Ensuring that no person tampers with, disconnects, or destroys 
any part of the electronic monitoring system, associated equipment, or 
recorded data.
    (3)Vessel monitoring plan requirements for electronic monitoring 
vessels. A vessel must have a NMFS-approved vessel monitoring plan to 
meet sector monitoring requirements.
    (i) The vessel monitoring plan must be onboard the vessel at all 
times.
    (ii) The vessel operator and crew must comply with all catch 
handling protocols and other requirements described in the vessel 
monitoring plan, including sorting catch and processing any discards 
within view of the cameras and consistent with the vessel monitoring 
plan.
    (iii) Modifications to any vessel monitoring plan must be approved 
by NMFS prior to such vessel fishing under the conditions of the new 
vessel monitoring plan.
    (iv) A vessel owner or operator using electronic monitoring to meet 
sector monitoring requirements must submit all electronic monitoring 
data to the service provider in accordance with the electronic 
monitoring program requirements specified by NMFS.
    (v) A vessel owner or operator must make the electronic monitoring 
system, associated equipment, electronic monitoring data, or vessel 
monitoring plan available to NMFS for inspection, upon request.
* * * * *
    (B) * * *
    (2) At-sea/electronic monitoring report. A report detailing area 
fished and the amount of each species kept and discarded shall be 
submitted electronically in a standard acceptable form to the 
appropriate sector and NMFS within 48 hour of the completion of the 
trip, or as otherwise instructed by the Regional Administrator. The 
data elements to be collected and the format for submission shall be 
specified by NMFS and distributed to all approved at-sea/electronic 
monitoring service providers and sectors. At-sea/electronic monitoring 
data shall not be accepted until such data pass automated NMFS data 
quality checks.
    (iv) * * *
    (B) At-sea monitoring service provider requirements. An at-sea 
monitor must complete a pre-trip vessel safety checklist provided by 
NMFS before an at-sea monitor can leave port onboard a vessel on a 
sector trip. If the vessel fails a review of safety issues pursuant to 
this paragraph (b)(5)(iv)(B), an at-sea monitor cannot be deployed on 
that vessel for that trip.
* * * * *
[FR Doc. 2021-06513 Filed 3-30-21; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-22-P