Regulation D: Reserve Requirements of Depository Institutions, 8853 [2020-28756]

Agencies

• FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM

[Federal Register Volume 86, Number 26 (Wednesday, February 10, 2021)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Page 8853]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2020-28756]



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Rules and Regulations
                                                Federal Register
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This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER contains regulatory documents 
having general applicability and legal effect, most of which are keyed 
to and codified in the Code of Federal Regulations, which is published 
under 50 titles pursuant to 44 U.S.C. 1510.

The Code of Federal Regulations is sold by the Superintendent of Documents. 

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Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 26 / Wednesday, February 10, 2021 / 
Rules and Regulations

[[Page 8853]]



FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM

12 CFR Part 204

[Docket No. R-1702; RIN 7100-AF 76]


Regulation D: Reserve Requirements of Depository Institutions

AGENCY: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 
(``Board'') is adopting as a final rule, without change, its March 24, 
2020 interim final rule amending its Regulation D (Reserve Requirements 
of Depository Institutions) to lower reserve requirement ratios on 
transaction accounts maintained at depository institutions to zero 
percent.

DATES: The final rule is effective March 12, 2021.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Sophia H. Allison, Senior Special 
Counsel, (202-452-3565), Legal Division, or Matthew Malloy (202-452-
2416), Division of Monetary Affairs, or Heather Wiggins (202-452-3674), 
Division of Monetary Affairs; for users of Telecommunications Device 
for the Deaf (TDD) only, contact 202-263-4869; Board of Governors of 
the Federal Reserve System, 20th and C Streets NW, Washington, DC 
20551.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Statutory and Regulatory Background; Discussion

    Section 19 of the Federal Reserve Act (the ``Act'') imposes reserve 
requirements on certain types of deposits and other liabilities of 
depository institutions. Specifically, section 19(b)(2) of the Act (12 
U.S.C. 461(b)(2)) requires each depository institution to maintain 
reserves against its transaction accounts, nonpersonal time deposits, 
and Eurocurrency liabilities, as prescribed by Board regulations, for 
the purpose of implementing monetary policy. The Board's Regulation D 
(Reserve Requirements of Depository Institutions, 12 CFR part 204) 
implements the reserve requirements provisions of section 19 of the 
Act.
    On March 15, 2020, the Board announced an interim final rule 
amending Regulation D to lower all transaction account reserve 
requirement ratios to zero percent, thereby eliminating all reserve 
requirements.\1\ The Board's interim final rule was published on March 
24, 2020.\2\ In its March 15 press release announcing this action, the 
Board stated:
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    \1\ Reserve requirements for nonpersonal time deposits and 
Eurocurrency liabilities have been set at zero percent since 1990. 
See 55 FR 50540 (December 7, 1990).
    \2\ Interim Final Rule, 85 FR16525 (Mar. 24, 2020).

    For many years, reserve requirements played a central role in 
the implementation of monetary policy by creating a stable demand 
for reserves. In January 2019, the FOMC announced its intention to 
implement monetary policy in an ample reserves regime. Reserve 
requirements do not play a significant role in this operating 
framework.
    In light of the shift to an ample reserves regime, the Board has 
reduced reserve requirement ratios to zero percent effective on 
March 26, the beginning of the next reserve maintenance period. This 
action eliminates reserve requirements for thousands of depository 
institutions and will help to support lending to households and 
businesses.\3\
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    \3\ Press Release, ``Federal Reserve Actions to Support the Flow 
of Credit to Households and Businesses'' (March 15, 2020), https://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/pressreleases/monetary20200315b.htm.

The Board requested public comment on the interim final rule. The 
public comment period closed on May 26, 2020. The Board received no 
comments on the interim final rule and, accordingly, is adopting the 
interim final rule as a final rule without change.

II. Regulatory Analysis

A. Administrative Procedure Act and Effective Date

    The Administrative Procedure Act (APA) generally requires that a 
final rule be published in the Federal Register no less than 30 days 
before its effective date.\4\ Therefore, the final rule will become 
effective on March 12, 2021. The interim final rule will remain in 
effect until the final rule becomes effective.
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    \4\ 5 U.S.C. 553(d).
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B. Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) does not apply to a rulemaking 
when a general notice of proposed rulemaking is not required.\5\ 
Because the Board previously determined that it was unnecessary to 
publish a general notice of proposed rulemaking for the interim final 
rule, the RFA's requirements relating to an initial and final 
regulatory flexibility analysis do not apply to this final rule.
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    \5\ 5 U.S.C. 603, 604.
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C. Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995

    The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 \6\ (PRA) states that no agency 
may conduct or sponsor, nor is a respondent required to respond to, an 
information collection unless it displays a currently valid Office of 
Management and Budget (OMB) control number. The final rule contains no 
collections of information subject to the PRA.
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    \6\ 44 U.S.C. 3506; see 5 CFR part 1320 Appendix A.1.
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D. Use of Plain Language

    Section 722 of the Gramm-Leach Bliley Act \7\ requires banking 
agencies to use plain language in all proposed and final rules 
published after January 1, 2000. The Board received no comments with 
respect to making the interim final rule easier to understand and is 
adopting the final rule without change.
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    \7\ Public Law 106-102, section 722, 113 Stat. 1338, 1471 
(1999).
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Authority and Issuance

0
For the reasons set forth in the preamble, the interim final rule 
amending 12 CFR part 204 of chapter II, title 12 of the Code of Federal 
Regulations, which was published at 85 FR 16525 on March 24, 2020, is 
adopted as a final rule without change.

    By order of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve 
System.
Margaret McCloskey Shanks,
Deputy Secretary of the Board.
[FR Doc. 2020-28756 Filed 2-9-21; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6210-01-P