Limited Approval, Limited Disapproval of Arizona Air Plan Revisions, Hayden Area; Sulfur Dioxide Control Measures-Copper Smelters, 70483-70487 [2020-23031]
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BILLING CODE 7710–FW–P
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA–R09–OAR–2020–0173; FRL–10014–
85–Region 9]
Limited Approval, Limited Disapproval
of Arizona Air Plan Revisions, Hayden
Area; Sulfur Dioxide Control
Measures—Copper Smelters
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Final rule.
AGENCY:
The Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) is finalizing a limited
approval and limited disapproval of a
revision to the Arizona State
Implementation Plan (SIP). This
revision concerns sulfur dioxide (SO2)
emissions from the primary copper
smelter in Hayden, Arizona.
Specifically, we are taking action on a
local rule submitted by the Arizona
Department of Environmental Quality
(ADEQ) that regulates these emissions
under the Clean Air Act (CAA or the
Act).
DATES: This rule is effective December 7,
2020.
ADDRESSES: The EPA has established a
docket for this action under Docket No.
SUMMARY:
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Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 215 / Thursday, November 5, 2020 / Rules and Regulations
EPA–R09–OAR–2020–0173. All
documents in the docket are listed on
the https://www.regulations.gov
website. Although listed in the index,
some information is not publicly
available, e.g., Confidential Business
Information (CBI) or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute.
Certain other material, such as
copyrighted material, is not placed on
the internet and will be publicly
available only in hard copy form.
Publicly available docket materials are
available through https://
www.regulations.gov, or please contact
the person identified in the FOR FURTHER
section for
additional availability information. If
you need assistance in a language other
than English or if you are a person with
disabilities who needs a reasonable
accommodation at no cost to you, please
contact the person identified in the FOR
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Kevin Gong, EPA Region IX, 75
Hawthorne St., San Francisco, CA
94105. By phone: (415) 972–3073 or by
email at gong.kevin@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Throughout this document, ‘‘we,’’ ‘‘us’’
and ‘‘our’’ refer to the EPA.
INFORMATION CONTACT
Table of Contents
I. Proposed Action
II. Public Comments and EPA Responses
III. EPA Action
IV. Incorporation by Reference
V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
I. Proposed Action
On May 22, 2020 (85 FR 31113), the
EPA proposed a limited approval and
limited disapproval of the Arizona
Administrative Code section described
in Table 1 that was submitted by the
ADEQ for incorporation into the
Arizona SIP.
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TABLE 1—SUBMITTED RULE
Rule #
Rule title
Effective date
R18–2–B1302 ........
Limits on SO2 Emissions from the Hayden Smelter ...........................................
July 1, 2018 ..........
We proposed a limited approval
because we determined that this rule
improves the SIP and is largely
consistent with the relevant CAA
requirements. We simultaneously
proposed a limited disapproval because
some rule provisions conflict with the
requirements of section 110 and
172(c)(6) of the Act:
1. The rule does not contain any
numeric emission limit(s) or ongoing
monitoring requirements corresponding
to the levels of fugitive emissions that
were modeled in the attainment plan for
the Hayden 2010 SO2 nonattainment
area (‘‘Hayden SO2 Plan’’). Therefore,
the rule does not fully satisfy CAA
section 172(c)(6).
2. Rule subsection (E)(4) provides an
option for alternative sampling points
that could undermine the enforceability
of the stack emission limit by providing
undue flexibility to change sampling
points without undergoing a SIP
revision.
3. Rule subsection (E)(6) allows for
just under 10% of total facility SO2
emissions annually to be exempt from
continuous emission monitoring system
(CEMS) requirements, which could
compromise the enforceability of the
main stack emission limit.
4. The rule lacks a method for
measuring or calculating emissions from
the shutdown ventilation flue, which
could compromise the enforceability of
the main stack emission limit.
5. The rule lacks a method for
calculating hourly SO2 emissions, so it
is unclear what constitutes a ‘‘valid
hour’’ for purposes of allowing data
substitution.
Our proposed action and the
associated Technical Support Document
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(TSD) 1 contain more information on the
basis for this rulemaking and on our
evaluation of the submittal.
II. Public Comments and EPA
Responses
The EPA’s proposed action provided
a 30-day public comment period. During
this period, we received comments from
Freeport-McMoRan Incorporated (FMI),
ASARCO LLC (‘‘Asarco’’), and
ADEQ.2 3 4 All comments received on
1 EPA, ‘‘Technical Support Document for the
EPA’s Rulemaking for the Arizona State
Implementation Plan; Arizona Administrative Code,
Title 18, Chapter 2, Article 13, Part B—Hayden,
Arizona, Planning Area, R18–2–B1302—Limits on
SO2 Emissions from the Hayden Smelter,’’ April
2020 (‘‘Rule B1302 TSD’’).
2 Letter dated June 22, 2020, from Todd Weaver,
Senior Counsel, Freeport-McMoRan to Rulemaking
Docket EPA–R09–2020–0109, Subject: ‘‘Re:
Comments on Partial Approval and Partial
Disapproval of Air Quality Implementation Plans;
Arizona Nonattainment Plan for the Hayden SO2
Nonattainment Area (EPA–R09–OAR–2020–0109)
and Limited Approval, Limited Disapproval of
Arizona Plan Revisions, Hayden Area; Sulfur
Dioxide Control Measures—Copper Smelters (EPA–
R09–OAR–2020–0173).’’
3 Letter dated June 22, 2020, from Amy Veek,
Environmental Manager, Asarco Hayden
Operations, ASARCO LLC, to Ashley Graham, Air
Planning Office, Air Division, EPA Region IX,
Subject: ‘‘Re: Comments of ASARCO LLC on (1)
‘‘Partial Approval and Partial Disapproval of Air
Quality Implementation Plans; Arizona;
Nonattainment Plan for the Hayden SO2
Nonattainment Area, 85 FR 31118 (May 22, 2020),
Docket No. EPA–R09–OAR–2020–0109. (2)
‘‘Limited Approval, Limited Disapproval of Arizona
Air Plan Revisions, Hayden Area; Sulfur Dioxide
Control Measures—Copper Smelters, 85 FR 31113
(May 22, 2020), Docket No. EPA–R09–OAR–2020–
0173.’’
4 Letter dated June 18, 2020, from Daniel
Czecholinski, Air Quality Division Director, ADEQ,
to Rulemaking Docket EPA–HQ–OAR–2020–0109,
Subject: ‘‘Partial Approval Partial Disapproval of
Air Quality Implementation Plans; Arizona;
Nonattainment Plan for the Hayden SO2
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Submitted
April 6, 2017.
the proposal, including the comments
from ADEQ, are included in the docket
for this action. The comments from FMI
pertain to Rule B1302 and are addressed
below. The comments from Asarco and
ADEQ pertain primarily to our proposed
partial approval and partial disapproval
of the Hayden SO2 Plan,5 and we are
addressing them in our final action on
the Hayden SO2 Plan. Copies of these
responses are also included in the
docket for this action.6
Comment: FMI commented on
transitional provisions in R18–2–715(I),
R18–2–715.01(V), and R18–2–715.02(F).
The commenter stated that these
provisions are intended to clarify the
applicability of current SIP-approved
rules for the 1971 SO2 NAAQS in both
the Hayden and Miami SO2
nonattainment areas, until the effective
date of the rules for the 2010 SO2
NAAQS.
The commenter also noted that, when
the EPA approved Arizona’s attainment
plan and new rules for the Miami SO2
nonattainment area,7 it did not act on all
of the transitional provisions.
Accordingly, the commenter explained
that there is an inconsistency between
the EPA’s SIP-approved rules and
ADEQ’s rules (i.e., a ‘‘SIP gap’’).
Therefore, the Miami copper smelter
must comply with both the old SIP rules
Nonattainment Area, Docket ID Number: EPA–HQ–
OAR–2020–0109.’’
5 85 FR 31118 (May 22, 2020).
6 Response to Comments Document for the EPA’s
Final Actions on the ‘‘Arizona State
Implementation Plan Revision: Hayden Sulfur
Dioxide Nonattainment Area for the 2010 SO2
NAAQS’’ and Rule R18–2–B1302, ‘‘Limits on SO2
Emissions from the Hayden Smelter’’ (September
2020) (‘‘Response to Comments’’).
7 83 FR 56736 (November 14, 2018); 84 FR 8813
(March 12, 2019).
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for attaining the 1971 SO2 NAAQS and
the new SIP-approved rules for attaining
the revised 2010 SO2 NAAQS. The
commenter asserted that ‘‘[t]his
unintended consequence therefore
subjects the copper smelter to an array
of duplicative regulatory requirements
that no longer serve any purpose.’’ The
commenter also noted that ADEQ has
sought to remedy the SIP gap issue by
submitting a request to withdraw A.A.C.
R18–2–715(F)(2) and R18–2–715(H),
which apply only to the copper smelter
in the Miami SO2 nonattainment area,
from the Arizona SIP.
FMI therefore requested that the EPA
either amend its proposed action on
Rule B1302 to include a proposed
approval of Arizona’s revisions to
A.A.C. R18–2–715 and R18–2–715.01,
or to propose such approval in a
separate, but concurrent action. The
commenter stated that, by doing so, the
EPA could ‘‘avoid having any period
with a SIP gap by taking simultaneous
final action on A.A.C R18–2–B1302 and
R18–2–715 and R18–2–715.01’’ and
‘‘allow the existing SIP rules for
attaining the 1971 SO2 NAAQS to be
properly subsumed by the newly
approved SIP rules for attaining the
revised 2010 SO2 NAAQS.’’ The
commenter asserted that such an
approach would be consistent with the
EPA’s efforts to implement Executive
Order 13771, ‘‘Reducing Regulation and
Controlling Regulatory Costs.’’
Response: The commenter is correct
that the EPA has not yet proposed to act
on the transitional provisions in A.A.C.
R18–2–715(I) and R18–2–715.01(V). As
we noted in the TSD for our proposed
action on Rule B1302 for the Hayden
area, in order to act on the revisions to
715 and 715.01, ‘‘we need to evaluate
the effect of sunsetting the existing SIPapproved requirements of those rules in
conjunction with the new requirements
for the Hayden smelter established in
Rule B1302.’’ 8 In conducting this
evaluation, we explained that:
. . . Rule B1302 does not include a numeric
fugitive emission limit, whereas Rule 715
subsection (G) includes an annual average
fugitive limit of 295 lb/hr.
In order to ensure that the existing fugitive
limit of 295 lb/hr remains in the SIP, we are
not acting on the revisions to Rule 715 at this
time. Similarly, we are not acting on Rule
715.01, which includes requirements for SO2
compliance determination and monitoring
that support the enforceability of the
8 EPA, ‘‘Technical Support Document for the
EPA’s Rulemaking for the Arizona State
Implementation Plan; Arizona Administrative Code,
Title 18, Chapter 2, Article 13, Part B—Hayden,
Arizona, Planning Area, R18–2–B1302—Limits on
SO2 Emissions from the Hayden Smelter,’’ April
2020 (‘‘Rule B1302 TSD’’), 10.
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emission limits and requirements in Rule
715.9
In other words, approval of R18–2–
715(I) and R18–2–715.01(V) at this time
would result in the removal of the
existing SIP-approved fugitive emission
limit and associated compliance
requirements for the Hayden Smelter
without a new fugitive emissions limit
to replace it. For the reasons described
in our proposed action on Rule B1302,
as well as our proposed and final
actions on the Hayden SO2 Plan and the
associated responses to comments, in
the absence of a fugitive emissions limit,
the Plan does not provide for the
attainment of the 2010 SO2 NAAQS.10
Therefore, an action to approve R18–2–
715(I) and R18–2–715.01(V)—and
thereby remove the existing fugitive
emissions limit from the SIP without
replacement—would interfere with
attainment of the 1971 and 2010 SO2
NAAQS.11 Such an action would be
impermissible under CAA section
110(l), which prohibits the EPA from
approving any SIP revision that would
interfere with applicable requirements
concerning attainment and reasonable
further progress or any other applicable
CAA requirement. Therefore, we have
not proposed to approve the transitional
provisions in R18–2–715(I) and R18–2–
715.01(V).12
We acknowledge that our inability to
approve these provisions has resulted in
a SIP gap and that that the requirements
in Rule 715 that apply to the Miami
smelter are now duplicative of the
requirements in SIP-approved rule
A.A.C. R18–2–C1302. However, because
the transitional provisions that apply to
Hayden and Miami are inseverable from
one another (i.e., both are contained
9 Id.
10 85 FR 31113, 31114; Rule B1302 TSD, 7–8; 85
FR 31118, 31120; Response to Comments.
11 We note that the existing SIP-approved fugitive
emissions limit of 295 lb/hr, was intended to
provide for attainment of the 1971 SO2 NAAQS and
is significantly higher than the fugitive emissions
levels of 10.6 lb/hr (converter aisle), 40.1 lb/hr
(anode aisle), and 28.7 lb/hr (flash furnace), which
were assumed in the attainment demonstration in
the Hayden SO2 Plan. Therefore, the existing limit
is not itself sufficient to constrain fugitive
emissions to the level necessary to provide for
attainment of the 2010 SO2 NAAQS. Nonetheless,
given that this limit is the only directly enforceable
constraint on fugitive SO2 emissions from the
facility, we find that its removal would interfere
with attainment of the 2010 SO2 NAAQS.
12 We note that, while we could disapprove these
provisions for failure to comply with CAA section
110(l), we believe today’s final limited disapproval
of Rule B1302 and the related partial disapproval
of the Hayden SO2 plan provide sufficient clarity
regarding the changes, if made by ADEQ and
submitted in a SIP revision, that would be needed
to result in proposed full approval of Rule B1302,
as well as R18–2–715(I) and R18–2–715.01(V),
without having to disapprove the latter provisions
at this time.
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70485
within a single paragraph within R18–
2–715(I) and R18–2–715.01(V)), we
cannot separately approve the
transitional provisions for Miami
without also approving the provisions
for Hayden, which is prohibited by CAA
section 110(l).
On March 10, 2020, the EPA received
a submittal from ADEQ seeking to
withdraw A.A.C. R18–2–715(F)(2) and
R18–2–715(H), which apply only to the
Miami SO2 nonattainment area, from the
Arizona SIP. As noted by the
commenter, approval of this SIP
revision would remedy the SIP gap
issue for the Miami area. We intend to
act on this submittal in a separate
rulemaking, as it is outside of the scope
of this action, which concerns only Rule
B1302.
III. EPA Action
No comments were submitted that
change our assessment of the rule as
described in our proposed action.
Therefore, as authorized in sections
110(k)(3) and 301(a) of the Act, the EPA
is finalizing a limited approval of the
submitted rule. This action incorporates
the submitted rule into the Arizona SIP,
including those provisions identified as
deficient. As authorized under section
110(k)(3) and 301(a), the EPA is
simultaneously finalizing a limited
disapproval of the rule.
As a result, the offset sanction in CAA
section 179(b)(2) will be imposed 18
months after the effective date this
action, and the highway funding
sanction in CAA section 179(b)(1) six
months after the offset sanction is
imposed. A sanction will not be
imposed if the EPA determines that a
subsequent SIP submission corrects the
identified deficiencies before the
applicable deadline.
IV. Incorporation by Reference
In this rule, the EPA is finalizing
regulatory text that includes
incorporation by reference. In
accordance with requirements of 1 CFR
51.5, the EPA is finalizing the
incorporation by reference of the
Arizona Administrative Code section
described in the amendments to 40 CFR
part 52 set forth below. Therefore, these
materials have been approved by the
EPA for inclusion in the SIP, have been
incorporated by reference by the EPA
into that plan, are fully federally
enforceable under sections 110 and 113
of the CAA as of the effective date of the
final rulemaking of EPA’s approval, and
will be incorporated by reference in the
next update to the SIP compilation.13
13 62
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FR 27968 (May 22, 1997).
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Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 215 / Thursday, November 5, 2020 / Rules and Regulations
The EPA has made, and will continue
to make, these documents available
through www.regulations.gov and at the
EPA Region IX Office (please contact the
person identified in the FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT section of this
preamble for more information).
V. Statutory and Executive Order
Reviews
Additional information about these
statutes and Executive orders can be
found at https://www.epa.gov/lawsregulations/laws-and-executive-orders.
A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory
Planning and Review and Executive
Order 13563: Improving Regulation and
Regulatory Review
This action is not a significant
regulatory action and was therefore not
submitted to the Office of Management
and Budget (OMB) for review.
B. Executive Order 13771: Reducing
Regulations and Controlling Regulatory
Costs
This action is not an Executive Order
13771 regulatory action because SIP
approvals, including limited approvals,
are exempted under Executive Order
12866.
C. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)
This action does not impose an
information collection burden under the
PRA because this action does not
impose additional requirements beyond
those imposed by state law.
D. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)
I certify that this action will not have
a significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities
under the RFA. This action will not
impose any requirements on small
entities beyond those imposed by state
law.
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E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
(UMRA)
This action does not contain any
unfunded mandate as described in
UMRA, 2 U.S.C. 1531–1538, and does
not significantly or uniquely affect small
governments. This action does not
impose additional requirements beyond
those imposed by state law.
Accordingly, no additional costs to
State, local, or tribal governments, or to
the private sector, will result from this
action.
relationship between the National
Government and the states, or on the
distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various
levels of government.
L. Congressional Review Act (CRA)
G. Executive Order 13175: Coordination
With Indian Tribal Governments
M. Petitions for Judicial Review
This action does not have tribal
implications, as specified in Executive
Order 13175, because the SIP is not
approved to apply on any Indian
reservation land or in any other area
where the EPA or an Indian tribe has
demonstrated that a tribe has
jurisdiction, and will not impose
substantial direct costs on tribal
governments or preempt tribal law.
Thus, Executive Order 13175 does not
apply to this action.
H. Executive Order 13045: Protection of
Children From Environmental Health
Risks and Safety Risks
The EPA interprets Executive Order
13045 as applying only to those
regulatory actions that concern
environmental health or safety risks that
the EPA has reason to believe may
disproportionately affect children, per
the definition of ‘‘covered regulatory
action’’ in section 2–202 of the
Executive order. This action is not
subject to Executive Order 13045
because it does not impose additional
requirements beyond those imposed by
state law.
I. Executive Order 13211: Actions That
Significantly Affect Energy Supply,
Distribution, or Use
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Intergovernmental relations,
Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Sulfur Oxides.
Dated: October 10, 2020.
John Busterud,
Regional Administrator, Region IX.
For the reasons stated in the preamble
the EPA amends part 52, chapter I, title
40 of the Code of Federal Regulations as
follows:
J. National Technology Transfer and
Advancement Act (NTTAA)
■
Section 12(d) of the NTTAA directs
the EPA to use voluntary consensus
standards in its regulatory activities
unless to do so would be inconsistent
with applicable law or otherwise
impractical. The EPA believes that this
action is not subject to the requirements
of section 12(d) of the NTTAA because
application of those requirements would
be inconsistent with the CAA.
This action does not have federalism
implications. It will not have substantial
direct effects on the states, on the
The EPA lacks the discretionary
authority to address environmental
justice in this rulemaking.
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List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
PART 52—APPROVAL AND
PROMULGATION OF
IMPLEMENTATION PLANS
F. Executive Order 13132: Federalism
18:31 Nov 04, 2020
Under section 307(b)(1) of the CAA,
petitions for judicial review of this
action must be filed in the United States
Court of Appeals for the appropriate
circuit by January 4, 2021. Filing a
petition for reconsideration by the
Administrator of this final rule does not
affect the finality of this rule for the
purposes of judicial review nor does it
extend the time within which a petition
for judicial review may be filed, and
shall not postpone the effectiveness of
such rule or action. This action may not
be challenged later in proceedings to
enforce its requirements (see section
307(b)(2)).
This action is not subject to Executive
Order 13211, because it is not a
significant regulatory action under
Executive Order 12866.
K. Executive Order 12898: Federal
Actions To Address Environmental
Justice in Minority Populations and
Low-Income Populations
VerDate Sep<11>2014
This rule is exempt from the CRA
because it is a rule of particular
applicability.
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1. The authority citation for Part 52
continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Subpart D—Arizona
2. In § 52.120 amend Table 2 in
paragraph (c), by adding an entry for
‘‘R18–2–B1302’’ after the entry for
‘‘R18–2–B1301.01’’ under the heading
‘‘Article 13 (State Implementation Plan
Rules For Specific Locations)’’.
■
§ 52.120
*
*
Identification of plan.
*
(c) * * *
E:\FR\FM\05NOR1.SGM
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70487
Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 215 / Thursday, November 5, 2020 / Rules and Regulations
TABLE 2—EPA-APPROVED ARIZONA REGULATIONS
State citation
Title/subject
State effective date
*
*
*
Article 13 (State Implementation Plan Rules For Specific Locations)
*
*
R18–2–B1302 ............
*
*
*
Limits on SO2 from
July 1, 2018.
the Hayden Smelter.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
[FR Doc. 2020–23031 Filed 11–4–20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Parts 60 and 63
[EPA–HQ–OAR–2014–0741; FRL–10015–72–
OAR]
RIN 2060–AU53
National Emission Standards for
Hazardous Air Pollutants for Chemical
Recovery Combustion Sources at
Kraft, Soda, Sulfite, and Stand-Alone
Semichemical Pulp Mills; Standards of
Performance for Kraft Pulp Mill
Affected Sources for Which
Construction, Reconstruction, or
Modification Commenced After May 23,
2013
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Final rule.
AGENCY:
The U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) is finalizing
amendments to the National Emission
Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
(NESHAP) for Chemical Recovery
Combustion Sources at Kraft, Soda,
Sulfite, and Stand-alone Semichemical
Pulp Mills, and the New Source
Performance Standards (NSPS) for Kraft
Pulp Mills constructed, reconstructed,
or modified after May 23, 2013. The
final rule clarifies how to set operating
limits for smelt dissolving tank (SDT)
scrubbers used at these mills and
corrects cross-reference errors in both
rules.
SUMMARY:
khammond on DSKJM1Z7X2PROD with RULES
EPA approval date
This final rule is effective on
November 5, 2020.
ADDRESSES: The EPA has established a
docket for this action under Docket ID
No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2014–0741. All
documents in the docket are listed on
the https://www.regulations.gov/
website. Although listed, some
DATES:
VerDate Sep<11>2014
21:01 Nov 04, 2020
Jkt 253001
*
*
[Insert Federal Register Citation], November 5, 2020.
*
ADI Applicability Determination Index
CAA Clean Air Act
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
CRA Congressional Review Act
EPA U.S. Environnemental Protection
Agency
ESP electrostatic precipitator
HAP hazardous air pollutant(s)
NAICS North American Industry
Classification System
NESHAP national emission standards for
hazardous air pollutants
NSPS new source performance standards
NTTAA National Technology Transfer and
Advancement Act
OMB Office of Management and Budget
PFLA percent full load amperage
Frm 00057
Fmt 4700
*
Sfmt 4700
*
*
*
Submitted on April 6, 2017. EPA issued a
limited approval and limited disapproval of
Rule R18–2–B1302.
*
information is not publicly available,
e.g., Confidential Business Information
or other information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute. Certain other
material, such as copyrighted material,
is not placed on the internet and will be
publicly available only in hard copy
form. Publicly available docket
materials are available electronically
through https://www.regulations.gov/.
Out of an abundance of caution for
members of the public and our staff, the
EPA Docket Center and Reading Room
are closed to the public, with limited
exceptions, to reduce the risk of
transmitting COVID–19. Our Docket
Center staff will continue to provide
remote customer service via email,
phone, and webform.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For
questions about this final action, contact
Dr. Kelley Spence, Sector Policies and
Programs Division (E143–03), Office of
Air Quality Planning and Standards,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
27711; telephone number: (919) 541–
3158; fax number: (919) 541–0516; and
email address: spence.kelley@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Preamble acronyms and
abbreviations. We use multiple
acronyms and terms in this preamble.
While this list may not be exhaustive, to
ease the reading of this preamble and for
reference purposes, the EPA defines the
following terms and acronyms here:
PO 00000
Additional explanation
*
*
PM particulate matter
PRA Paperwork Reduction Act
RFA Regulatory Flexibility Act
RPM revolutions per minute
SDT smelt dissolving tank
UMRA Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
Background information. On October
31, 2019, the EPA proposed revisions to
the NESHAP for Chemical Recovery
Combustion Sources at Kraft, Soda,
Sulfite, and Stand-Alone Semichemical
Pulp Mills (40 CFR part 63, subpart
MM) and the NSPS for Kraft Pulp Mills
Constructed, Reconstructed, or Modified
After May 23, 2013 (40 CFR part 60,
subpart BBa) clarifying how to set
operating limits for SDT scrubbers used
at these mills and correcting crossreference errors in both rules. The rules
have similar requirements for setting
operating limits for SDT scrubbers,
therefore, similar revisions were
proposed for both rules. See 84 FR
58356. In this action, the EPA is
finalizing the proposed revisions with
minor edits. The preamble includes a
summary of the comments the EPA
received and our responses resulting in
improvements to the proposed rule. A
summary of all public comments on the
proposal and the EPA’s specific
responses to those comments is
provided in the memorandum,
‘‘Response to Comments to Proposed
Rule Amending 40 CFR part 63 Subpart
MM and 40 CFR part 60 Subpart BBa,’’
included in the docket for this action.
Redline versions of the regulatory
language for 40 CFR part 63, subpart
MM, and 40 CFR part 60, subpart BBa
showing the final amendments resulting
from this action and are also available
in the docket.
Organization of this document. The
information in this preamble is
organized as follows:
I. General Information
A. Does this action apply to me?
B. Where can I get a copy of this document
and other related information?
C. Judicial Review and Administrative
Reconsideration
II. Final Amendments
E:\FR\FM\05NOR1.SGM
05NOR1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 85, Number 215 (Thursday, November 5, 2020)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 70483-70487]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2020-23031]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA-R09-OAR-2020-0173; FRL-10014-85-Region 9]
Limited Approval, Limited Disapproval of Arizona Air Plan
Revisions, Hayden Area; Sulfur Dioxide Control Measures--Copper
Smelters
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is finalizing a
limited approval and limited disapproval of a revision to the Arizona
State Implementation Plan (SIP). This revision concerns sulfur dioxide
(SO2) emissions from the primary copper smelter in Hayden,
Arizona. Specifically, we are taking action on a local rule submitted
by the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) that
regulates these emissions under the Clean Air Act (CAA or the Act).
DATES: This rule is effective December 7, 2020.
ADDRESSES: The EPA has established a docket for this action under
Docket No.
[[Page 70484]]
EPA-R09-OAR-2020-0173. All documents in the docket are listed on the
https://www.regulations.gov website. Although listed in the index, some
information is not publicly available, e.g., Confidential Business
Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted
by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, is
not placed on the internet and will be publicly available only in hard
copy form. Publicly available docket materials are available through
https://www.regulations.gov, or please contact the person identified in
the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section for additional availability
information. If you need assistance in a language other than English or
if you are a person with disabilities who needs a reasonable
accommodation at no cost to you, please contact the person identified
in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kevin Gong, EPA Region IX, 75
Hawthorne St., San Francisco, CA 94105. By phone: (415) 972-3073 or by
email at [email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document, ``we,'' ``us'' and
``our'' refer to the EPA.
Table of Contents
I. Proposed Action
II. Public Comments and EPA Responses
III. EPA Action
IV. Incorporation by Reference
V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
I. Proposed Action
On May 22, 2020 (85 FR 31113), the EPA proposed a limited approval
and limited disapproval of the Arizona Administrative Code section
described in Table 1 that was submitted by the ADEQ for incorporation
into the Arizona SIP.
Table 1--Submitted Rule
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rule # Rule title Effective date Submitted
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
R18-2-B1302........................ Limits on SO2 Emissions July 1, 2018.......... April 6, 2017.
from the Hayden Smelter.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
We proposed a limited approval because we determined that this rule
improves the SIP and is largely consistent with the relevant CAA
requirements. We simultaneously proposed a limited disapproval because
some rule provisions conflict with the requirements of section 110 and
172(c)(6) of the Act:
1. The rule does not contain any numeric emission limit(s) or
ongoing monitoring requirements corresponding to the levels of fugitive
emissions that were modeled in the attainment plan for the Hayden 2010
SO2 nonattainment area (``Hayden SO2 Plan'').
Therefore, the rule does not fully satisfy CAA section 172(c)(6).
2. Rule subsection (E)(4) provides an option for alternative
sampling points that could undermine the enforceability of the stack
emission limit by providing undue flexibility to change sampling points
without undergoing a SIP revision.
3. Rule subsection (E)(6) allows for just under 10% of total
facility SO2 emissions annually to be exempt from continuous
emission monitoring system (CEMS) requirements, which could compromise
the enforceability of the main stack emission limit.
4. The rule lacks a method for measuring or calculating emissions
from the shutdown ventilation flue, which could compromise the
enforceability of the main stack emission limit.
5. The rule lacks a method for calculating hourly SO2
emissions, so it is unclear what constitutes a ``valid hour'' for
purposes of allowing data substitution.
Our proposed action and the associated Technical Support Document
(TSD) \1\ contain more information on the basis for this rulemaking and
on our evaluation of the submittal.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ EPA, ``Technical Support Document for the EPA's Rulemaking
for the Arizona State Implementation Plan; Arizona Administrative
Code, Title 18, Chapter 2, Article 13, Part B--Hayden, Arizona,
Planning Area, R18-2-B1302--Limits on SO2 Emissions from
the Hayden Smelter,'' April 2020 (``Rule B1302 TSD'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. Public Comments and EPA Responses
The EPA's proposed action provided a 30-day public comment period.
During this period, we received comments from Freeport-McMoRan
Incorporated (FMI), ASARCO LLC (``Asarco''), and ADEQ.2 3 4
All comments received on the proposal, including the comments from
ADEQ, are included in the docket for this action. The comments from FMI
pertain to Rule B1302 and are addressed below. The comments from Asarco
and ADEQ pertain primarily to our proposed partial approval and partial
disapproval of the Hayden SO2 Plan,\5\ and we are addressing
them in our final action on the Hayden SO2 Plan. Copies of
these responses are also included in the docket for this action.\6\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ Letter dated June 22, 2020, from Todd Weaver, Senior
Counsel, Freeport-McMoRan to Rulemaking Docket EPA-R09-2020-0109,
Subject: ``Re: Comments on Partial Approval and Partial Disapproval
of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Arizona Nonattainment Plan for
the Hayden SO2 Nonattainment Area (EPA-R09-OAR-2020-0109)
and Limited Approval, Limited Disapproval of Arizona Plan Revisions,
Hayden Area; Sulfur Dioxide Control Measures--Copper Smelters (EPA-
R09-OAR-2020-0173).''
\3\ Letter dated June 22, 2020, from Amy Veek, Environmental
Manager, Asarco Hayden Operations, ASARCO LLC, to Ashley Graham, Air
Planning Office, Air Division, EPA Region IX, Subject: ``Re:
Comments of ASARCO LLC on (1) ``Partial Approval and Partial
Disapproval of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Arizona;
Nonattainment Plan for the Hayden SO2 Nonattainment Area,
85 FR 31118 (May 22, 2020), Docket No. EPA-R09-OAR-2020-0109. (2)
``Limited Approval, Limited Disapproval of Arizona Air Plan
Revisions, Hayden Area; Sulfur Dioxide Control Measures--Copper
Smelters, 85 FR 31113 (May 22, 2020), Docket No. EPA-R09-OAR-2020-
0173.''
\4\ Letter dated June 18, 2020, from Daniel Czecholinski, Air
Quality Division Director, ADEQ, to Rulemaking Docket EPA-HQ-OAR-
2020-0109, Subject: ``Partial Approval Partial Disapproval of Air
Quality Implementation Plans; Arizona; Nonattainment Plan for the
Hayden SO2 Nonattainment Area, Docket ID Number: EPA-HQ-
OAR-2020-0109.''
\5\ 85 FR 31118 (May 22, 2020).
\6\ Response to Comments Document for the EPA's Final Actions on
the ``Arizona State Implementation Plan Revision: Hayden Sulfur
Dioxide Nonattainment Area for the 2010 SO2 NAAQS'' and
Rule R18-2-B1302, ``Limits on SO2 Emissions from the
Hayden Smelter'' (September 2020) (``Response to Comments'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comment: FMI commented on transitional provisions in R18-2-715(I),
R18-2-715.01(V), and R18-2-715.02(F). The commenter stated that these
provisions are intended to clarify the applicability of current SIP-
approved rules for the 1971 SO2 NAAQS in both the Hayden and
Miami SO2 nonattainment areas, until the effective date of
the rules for the 2010 SO2 NAAQS.
The commenter also noted that, when the EPA approved Arizona's
attainment plan and new rules for the Miami SO2
nonattainment area,\7\ it did not act on all of the transitional
provisions. Accordingly, the commenter explained that there is an
inconsistency between the EPA's SIP-approved rules and ADEQ's rules
(i.e., a ``SIP gap''). Therefore, the Miami copper smelter must comply
with both the old SIP rules
[[Page 70485]]
for attaining the 1971 SO2 NAAQS and the new SIP-approved
rules for attaining the revised 2010 SO2 NAAQS. The
commenter asserted that ``[t]his unintended consequence therefore
subjects the copper smelter to an array of duplicative regulatory
requirements that no longer serve any purpose.'' The commenter also
noted that ADEQ has sought to remedy the SIP gap issue by submitting a
request to withdraw A.A.C. R18-2-715(F)(2) and R18-2-715(H), which
apply only to the copper smelter in the Miami SO2
nonattainment area, from the Arizona SIP.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\7\ 83 FR 56736 (November 14, 2018); 84 FR 8813 (March 12,
2019).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FMI therefore requested that the EPA either amend its proposed
action on Rule B1302 to include a proposed approval of Arizona's
revisions to A.A.C. R18-2-715 and R18-2-715.01, or to propose such
approval in a separate, but concurrent action. The commenter stated
that, by doing so, the EPA could ``avoid having any period with a SIP
gap by taking simultaneous final action on A.A.C R18-2-B1302 and R18-2-
715 and R18-2-715.01'' and ``allow the existing SIP rules for attaining
the 1971 SO2 NAAQS to be properly subsumed by the newly
approved SIP rules for attaining the revised 2010 SO2
NAAQS.'' The commenter asserted that such an approach would be
consistent with the EPA's efforts to implement Executive Order 13771,
``Reducing Regulation and Controlling Regulatory Costs.''
Response: The commenter is correct that the EPA has not yet
proposed to act on the transitional provisions in A.A.C. R18-2-715(I)
and R18-2-715.01(V). As we noted in the TSD for our proposed action on
Rule B1302 for the Hayden area, in order to act on the revisions to 715
and 715.01, ``we need to evaluate the effect of sunsetting the existing
SIP-approved requirements of those rules in conjunction with the new
requirements for the Hayden smelter established in Rule B1302.'' \8\ In
conducting this evaluation, we explained that:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\8\ EPA, ``Technical Support Document for the EPA's Rulemaking
for the Arizona State Implementation Plan; Arizona Administrative
Code, Title 18, Chapter 2, Article 13, Part B--Hayden, Arizona,
Planning Area, R18-2-B1302--Limits on SO2 Emissions from
the Hayden Smelter,'' April 2020 (``Rule B1302 TSD''), 10.
. . . Rule B1302 does not include a numeric fugitive emission limit,
whereas Rule 715 subsection (G) includes an annual average fugitive
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
limit of 295 lb/hr.
In order to ensure that the existing fugitive limit of 295 lb/hr
remains in the SIP, we are not acting on the revisions to Rule 715
at this time. Similarly, we are not acting on Rule 715.01, which
includes requirements for SO2 compliance determination
and monitoring that support the enforceability of the emission
limits and requirements in Rule 715.\9\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\9\ Id.
In other words, approval of R18-2-715(I) and R18-2-715.01(V) at
this time would result in the removal of the existing SIP-approved
fugitive emission limit and associated compliance requirements for the
Hayden Smelter without a new fugitive emissions limit to replace it.
For the reasons described in our proposed action on Rule B1302, as well
as our proposed and final actions on the Hayden SO2 Plan and
the associated responses to comments, in the absence of a fugitive
emissions limit, the Plan does not provide for the attainment of the
2010 SO2 NAAQS.\10\ Therefore, an action to approve R18-2-
715(I) and R18-2-715.01(V)--and thereby remove the existing fugitive
emissions limit from the SIP without replacement--would interfere with
attainment of the 1971 and 2010 SO2 NAAQS.\11\ Such an
action would be impermissible under CAA section 110(l), which prohibits
the EPA from approving any SIP revision that would interfere with
applicable requirements concerning attainment and reasonable further
progress or any other applicable CAA requirement. Therefore, we have
not proposed to approve the transitional provisions in R18-2-715(I) and
R18-2-715.01(V).\12\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\10\ 85 FR 31113, 31114; Rule B1302 TSD, 7-8; 85 FR 31118,
31120; Response to Comments.
\11\ We note that the existing SIP-approved fugitive emissions
limit of 295 lb/hr, was intended to provide for attainment of the
1971 SO2 NAAQS and is significantly higher than the
fugitive emissions levels of 10.6 lb/hr (converter aisle), 40.1 lb/
hr (anode aisle), and 28.7 lb/hr (flash furnace), which were assumed
in the attainment demonstration in the Hayden SO2 Plan.
Therefore, the existing limit is not itself sufficient to constrain
fugitive emissions to the level necessary to provide for attainment
of the 2010 SO2 NAAQS. Nonetheless, given that this limit
is the only directly enforceable constraint on fugitive
SO2 emissions from the facility, we find that its removal
would interfere with attainment of the 2010 SO2 NAAQS.
\12\ We note that, while we could disapprove these provisions
for failure to comply with CAA section 110(l), we believe today's
final limited disapproval of Rule B1302 and the related partial
disapproval of the Hayden SO2 plan provide sufficient
clarity regarding the changes, if made by ADEQ and submitted in a
SIP revision, that would be needed to result in proposed full
approval of Rule B1302, as well as R18-2-715(I) and R18-2-715.01(V),
without having to disapprove the latter provisions at this time.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
We acknowledge that our inability to approve these provisions has
resulted in a SIP gap and that that the requirements in Rule 715 that
apply to the Miami smelter are now duplicative of the requirements in
SIP-approved rule A.A.C. R18-2-C1302. However, because the transitional
provisions that apply to Hayden and Miami are inseverable from one
another (i.e., both are contained within a single paragraph within R18-
2-715(I) and R18-2-715.01(V)), we cannot separately approve the
transitional provisions for Miami without also approving the provisions
for Hayden, which is prohibited by CAA section 110(l).
On March 10, 2020, the EPA received a submittal from ADEQ seeking
to withdraw A.A.C. R18-2-715(F)(2) and R18-2-715(H), which apply only
to the Miami SO2 nonattainment area, from the Arizona SIP.
As noted by the commenter, approval of this SIP revision would remedy
the SIP gap issue for the Miami area. We intend to act on this
submittal in a separate rulemaking, as it is outside of the scope of
this action, which concerns only Rule B1302.
III. EPA Action
No comments were submitted that change our assessment of the rule
as described in our proposed action. Therefore, as authorized in
sections 110(k)(3) and 301(a) of the Act, the EPA is finalizing a
limited approval of the submitted rule. This action incorporates the
submitted rule into the Arizona SIP, including those provisions
identified as deficient. As authorized under section 110(k)(3) and
301(a), the EPA is simultaneously finalizing a limited disapproval of
the rule.
As a result, the offset sanction in CAA section 179(b)(2) will be
imposed 18 months after the effective date this action, and the highway
funding sanction in CAA section 179(b)(1) six months after the offset
sanction is imposed. A sanction will not be imposed if the EPA
determines that a subsequent SIP submission corrects the identified
deficiencies before the applicable deadline.
IV. Incorporation by Reference
In this rule, the EPA is finalizing regulatory text that includes
incorporation by reference. In accordance with requirements of 1 CFR
51.5, the EPA is finalizing the incorporation by reference of the
Arizona Administrative Code section described in the amendments to 40
CFR part 52 set forth below. Therefore, these materials have been
approved by the EPA for inclusion in the SIP, have been incorporated by
reference by the EPA into that plan, are fully federally enforceable
under sections 110 and 113 of the CAA as of the effective date of the
final rulemaking of EPA's approval, and will be incorporated by
reference in the next update to the SIP compilation.\13\
[[Page 70486]]
The EPA has made, and will continue to make, these documents available
through www.regulations.gov and at the EPA Region IX Office (please
contact the person identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT
section of this preamble for more information).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\13\ 62 FR 27968 (May 22, 1997).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
Additional information about these statutes and Executive orders
can be found at https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/laws-and-executive-orders.
A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and Executive
Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review
This action is not a significant regulatory action and was
therefore not submitted to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
for review.
B. Executive Order 13771: Reducing Regulations and Controlling
Regulatory Costs
This action is not an Executive Order 13771 regulatory action
because SIP approvals, including limited approvals, are exempted under
Executive Order 12866.
C. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)
This action does not impose an information collection burden under
the PRA because this action does not impose additional requirements
beyond those imposed by state law.
D. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)
I certify that this action will not have a significant economic
impact on a substantial number of small entities under the RFA. This
action will not impose any requirements on small entities beyond those
imposed by state law.
E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)
This action does not contain any unfunded mandate as described in
UMRA, 2 U.S.C. 1531-1538, and does not significantly or uniquely affect
small governments. This action does not impose additional requirements
beyond those imposed by state law. Accordingly, no additional costs to
State, local, or tribal governments, or to the private sector, will
result from this action.
F. Executive Order 13132: Federalism
This action does not have federalism implications. It will not have
substantial direct effects on the states, on the relationship between
the National Government and the states, or on the distribution of power
and responsibilities among the various levels of government.
G. Executive Order 13175: Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments
This action does not have tribal implications, as specified in
Executive Order 13175, because the SIP is not approved to apply on any
Indian reservation land or in any other area where the EPA or an Indian
tribe has demonstrated that a tribe has jurisdiction, and will not
impose substantial direct costs on tribal governments or preempt tribal
law. Thus, Executive Order 13175 does not apply to this action.
H. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental
Health Risks and Safety Risks
The EPA interprets Executive Order 13045 as applying only to those
regulatory actions that concern environmental health or safety risks
that the EPA has reason to believe may disproportionately affect
children, per the definition of ``covered regulatory action'' in
section 2-202 of the Executive order. This action is not subject to
Executive Order 13045 because it does not impose additional
requirements beyond those imposed by state law.
I. Executive Order 13211: Actions That Significantly Affect Energy
Supply, Distribution, or Use
This action is not subject to Executive Order 13211, because it is
not a significant regulatory action under Executive Order 12866.
J. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA)
Section 12(d) of the NTTAA directs the EPA to use voluntary
consensus standards in its regulatory activities unless to do so would
be inconsistent with applicable law or otherwise impractical. The EPA
believes that this action is not subject to the requirements of section
12(d) of the NTTAA because application of those requirements would be
inconsistent with the CAA.
K. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental
Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations
The EPA lacks the discretionary authority to address environmental
justice in this rulemaking.
L. Congressional Review Act (CRA)
This rule is exempt from the CRA because it is a rule of particular
applicability.
M. Petitions for Judicial Review
Under section 307(b)(1) of the CAA, petitions for judicial review
of this action must be filed in the United States Court of Appeals for
the appropriate circuit by January 4, 2021. Filing a petition for
reconsideration by the Administrator of this final rule does not affect
the finality of this rule for the purposes of judicial review nor does
it extend the time within which a petition for judicial review may be
filed, and shall not postpone the effectiveness of such rule or action.
This action may not be challenged later in proceedings to enforce its
requirements (see section 307(b)(2)).
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Intergovernmental relations, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Sulfur Oxides.
Dated: October 10, 2020.
John Busterud,
Regional Administrator, Region IX.
For the reasons stated in the preamble the EPA amends part 52,
chapter I, title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations as follows:
PART 52--APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS
0
1. The authority citation for Part 52 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Subpart D--Arizona
0
2. In Sec. 52.120 amend Table 2 in paragraph (c), by adding an entry
for ``R18-2-B1302'' after the entry for ``R18-2-B1301.01'' under the
heading ``Article 13 (State Implementation Plan Rules For Specific
Locations)''.
Sec. 52.120 Identification of plan.
* * * * *
(c) * * *
[[Page 70487]]
Table 2--EPA-Approved Arizona Regulations
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State effective
State citation Title/subject date EPA approval date Additional explanation
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * * * *
Article 13 (State Implementation Plan Rules For Specific Locations)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * * * *
R18-2-B1302.................... Limits on SO2 July 1, 2018. [Insert Federal Submitted on April 6,
from the Hayden Register 2017. EPA issued a
Smelter. Citation], limited approval and
November 5, 2020. limited disapproval
of Rule R18-2-B1302.
* * * * * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * *
[FR Doc. 2020-23031 Filed 11-4-20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P