Pacific Island Fisheries; Swordfish Trip Limits in the American Samoa Pelagic Longline Fishery, 38837-38839 [2020-13317]

Agencies

• DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

[Federal Register Volume 85, Number 125 (Monday, June 29, 2020)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 38837-38839]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2020-13317]


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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

50 CFR Part 665

[Docket No. 200616-0160]
RIN 0648-BH61


Pacific Island Fisheries; Swordfish Trip Limits in the American 
Samoa Pelagic Longline Fishery

AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce.

ACTION: Proposed rule; request for comments.

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SUMMARY: NMFS proposes to remove the swordfish retention limit in the 
American Samoa deep-set longline fishery. NMFS originally implemented 
the limit as part of a suite of gear and operational requirements 
intended to discourage shallow-set fishing, thus reducing interactions 
with green sea turtles. The gear requirements have reduced green sea 
turtle interactions, and the swordfish retention limit is not needed. 
The proposed rule would remove the unnecessary restriction that results 
in the discard of small amounts of marketable swordfish that could 
otherwise be supplied as seafood. The proposed rule is intended to 
promote efficiency in the fishery.

DATES: NMFS must receive comments by July 14, 2020.

ADDRESSES: You may submit comments on this document, identified by 
NOAA-NMFS-2019-0123, by either of the following methods:
     Electronic Submission: Submit all electronic public 
comments via the Federal e-Rulemaking Portal. Go to https://www.regulations.gov/docket?D=NOAA-NMFS-2019-0123, click the ``Comment 
Now!'' icon, complete the required fields, and enter or attach your 
comments.
     Mail: Send written comments to Michael D. Tosatto, 
Regional Administrator, NMFS Pacific Islands Region (PIR), 1845 Wasp 
Blvd., Bldg. 176, Honolulu, HI 96818.
    Instructions: NMFS may not consider comments sent by any other 
method, to any other address or individual, or received after the end 
of the comment period. All comments received are a part of the public 
record and will generally be posted for public viewing on https://www.regulations.gov without change. All personal identifying 
information (e.g., name, address, etc.), confidential business 
information, or otherwise sensitive information submitted voluntarily 
by the sender will be publicly accessible.
    The Western Pacific Fishery Management Council (Council) and NMFS 
prepared a regulatory amendment, including an environmental assessment 
(EA), that describes the potential impacts on the human environment 
that could result from the proposed rule. The regulatory amendment is 
available at www.regulations.gov, or from the Council, 1164 Bishop St., 
Suite 1400, Honolulu, HI 96813, tel 808-522-8220, fax 808-522-8226, 
www.wpcouncil.org.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Sarah Ellgen, NMFS PIR Sustainable 
Fisheries, 808-725-5173.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Council and NMFS manage the American 
Samoa deep-set longline fishery under the Fishery Ecosystem Plan for 
Pelagic Fisheries of the Western Pacific (FEP) and implementing 
regulations, as authorized by the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation 
and Management Act (Magnuson-Stevens Act). The fishery targets South 
Pacific albacore, and occasionally catches other pelagic fish, such as 
swordfish. In 2011, based on a Council recommendation in FEP Amendment 
5, NMFS implemented gear requirements that were intended to reduce 
interactions with green sea turtles (76 FR 52888, August 24, 2011). 
That rule also implemented a limit of 10 swordfish that may be retained 
on a fishing trip for vessels over 40 ft. The 10-fish limit was 
intended to discourage switching from deep-set gear targeting albacore 
to shallow-set gear targeting swordfish because shallow-set fishing may 
interact more frequently with green sea turtles than deep-set fishing.
    The deep-set gear requirements, including setting hooks below 100 
m, have reduced interactions with green sea turtles. The number of 
swordfish caught per trip has been small, and there has been no 
evidence that longline fishermen have targeted swordfish. Based on 
logbook data from 2010 through 2018, the average annual catch rate of 
swordfish ranged from 0.0008 to 0.03 swordfish per 1,000 hooks. From 
2008 through 2018, the number of swordfish caught ranged from 0.6 to 
2.8 fish per trip. The most recent stock assessment of Southwest 
Pacific swordfish, conducted in 2017, indicated the swordfish stock is 
neither overfished nor subject to overfishing. See the regulatory 
amendment and the Classification section for details about catch and 
revenue in this fishery.

[[Page 38838]]

    The current requirement for vessels over 40 ft. to discard any 
swordfish in excess of the 10-fish limit results in wasteful discards, 
potential lost revenues, and an unnecessary reduction in seafood 
available to the Nation. The American Samoa longline fishery is facing 
challenging economic conditions and the Council recommended that NMFS 
remove the swordfish limit to provide relief. Removing the swordfish 
limit would allow fishermen to retain a few more swordfish that might 
be caught incidentally during deep-set fishing, while maintaining 
safeguards for green sea turtles through the existing gear 
restrictions. All other management measures (including a limited vessel 
participation, prohibited fishing areas, fishery observers, logbook 
reporting, vessel monitoring systems, and gear and operational 
requirements) would remain in place and continue to apply in the 
fishery.
    NMFS will consider public comments on this proposed rule and will 
announce the final rule in the Federal Register. NMFS must receive any 
comments by the date provided in the DATES heading, not postmarked or 
otherwise transmitted by that date.

Classification

    Pursuant to section 304(b)(1)(A) of the Magnuson-Stevens Act, the 
NMFS Assistant Administrator has determined that this proposed rule is 
consistent with the FEP, other provisions of the Magnuson-Stevens Act, 
and other applicable laws, subject to further consideration after 
public comment.
    This proposed rule has been determined to be not significant for 
purposes of Executive Order 12866.
    This proposed rule is not an Executive Order 13771 regulatory 
action because this rule is not significant under Executive Order 
12866.

Certification of Finding of No Significant Impact on Substantial Number 
of Small Entities

    The Chief Counsel for Regulation of the Department of Commerce 
certified to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business 
Administration that this proposed rule, if adopted, would not have a 
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. 
This proposed rule would remove the limits on the number of swordfish 
that may be landed or possessed during any given American Samoa-based 
longline fishing trip south of the Equator. Currently, a longline 
vessel over 40 ft may keep no more than 10 swordfish on any given trip. 
Under the proposed rule, there would be no limit on the number of 
swordfish landed or kept per trip. All other measures applicable to the 
fishery would remain unchanged. The proposed rule intends to reduce 
regulatory discards and optimize the yield of swordfish.
    This rule would directly affect vessels that hold American Samoa 
longline limited entry Class B, C, and D permits. Class A permit 
holders are exempt from the current swordfish retention requirement. As 
of May 15, 2020, 43 vessels held American Samoa longline limited entry 
Class B, C, and D permits, but the potential number of affected vessels 
could be as high as 60, which is the total number of permits available. 
According to logbook information, twelve American Samoa longline 
vessels within these class size permit categories actively fished in 
2018 (four Class C and eight Class D). No Class B vessels actively 
fished in recent years.
    Based on data provided in logbooks and observer records, a total of 
approximately 21,500 lb of swordfish may have been discarded due to the 
swordfish trip limit among all vessels from 2013 through 2016. At the 
2018 market price of $3.37/lb, and assuming that none of those discards 
were due to shark predation, small size, or other factors contributing 
to low marketability, those discards would have represented a loss of 
total fleetwide revenue of approximately $72,000 over the four years, 
or an annual fleetwide loss in revenue of just over $18,000. Using the 
average number of Class C and D longline vessels that actively fished 
in 2017 and 2018, this would represent an annual loss in potential 
revenue of $1,393 per active vessel. Not all swordfish retained would 
have been sold in the local markets; some would be retained for onboard 
consumption, kept for personal consumption and/or given away to the 
local community, as is customary in American Samoa.
    NMFS estimates the average annual 2015-2018 gross ex-vessel value 
of pelagic fish landed by the American Samoa-based longline fishery to 
be about $5.075 million (all years adjusted to 2018 dollars). Based on 
the average number of vessels fishing during those years, the average 
annual revenue would be just over $300,000 per active vessel. NMFS has 
established a small business size standard for businesses, including 
their affiliates, whose primary industry is commercial fishing (see 50 
CFR 200.2). A business primarily engaged in commercial fishing is 
classified as a small business if it is independently owned and 
operated, is not dominant in its field of operation (including its 
affiliates), and its combined annual receipts are not in excess of $11 
million for all of its affiliated operations worldwide. Based on 
available information, NMFS has determined that all vessels that are 
currently permitted federally under the FEP are small entities.
    Under the proposed action, American Samoa-based longline fishermen 
would be able to keep more swordfish than what is currently allowed, 
resulting in an additional revenue gain of up to $1,393 per active 
vessel per year. The other action alternative that was considered would 
allow the retention of up to 25 swordfish per trip for a trip where no 
observer is on board the vessel, and an unlimited amount of swordfish 
if an observer is on board. The preferred action was selected because 
deep-set gear restrictions have reduced green sea turtle interactions, 
there has been no evidence that fishermen switch to shallow-setting on 
unobserved trips, and this action would be preferred by small entities.
    Under the proposed action, the American Samoa longline fishery 
managed under the Pelagic FEP is not expected to expand substantially 
nor change the manner in which they are currently conducted (i.e., area 
fished, number of vessels longline fishing, number of trips taken per 
year, number of hooks set per vessel during a trip, depth of hooks, or 
deployment techniques in setting longline gear). The proposed rule does 
not duplicate, overlap, or conflict with other Federal rules and is not 
expected to have significant impact on small organizations or 
government jurisdictions. Furthermore, there would be little, if any, 
disproportionate adverse economic impacts from the proposed rule based 
on gear type, or relative vessel size. The proposed rule also will not 
place a substantial number of small entities, or any segment of small 
entities, at a significant competitive disadvantage to large entities.
    For the reasons above, NMFS does not expect the proposed action to 
have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small 
entities. As a result, an initial regulatory flexibility analysis is 
not required and none has been prepared.

List of Subjects in 50 CFR 665

    Administrative practice and procedure, American Samoa, Fisheries, 
Fishing, Longline, Pacific Islands, Seafood, Swordfish.


[[Page 38839]]


    Dated: June 16, 2020.
Samuel D. Rauch, III,
Deputy Assistant Administrator for Regulatory Programs, National Marine 
Fisheries Service.

    For the reasons set out in the preamble, NMFS proposes to amend 50 
CFR part 665 as follows:

PART 665--FISHERIES IN THE WESTERN PACIFIC

0
1. The authority citation for 50 CFR part 665 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.

0
2. In Sec.  665.813, revise paragraph (k) introductory text and remove 
paragraph (k)(5) to read as follows:


Sec.  665.813  Western Pacific longline fishing restrictions.

* * * * *
    (k) South Pacific Longline Requirements. When fishing south of the 
Equator (0[deg] lat.) for western Pacific pelagic MUS, owners and 
operators of vessels longer than 40 ft (12.2 m) registered for use with 
any valid longline permit issued pursuant to Sec.  665.801 must use 
longline gear that is configured according to the requirements in 
paragraphs (k)(1) through (4) of this section.
* * * * *
[FR Doc. 2020-13317 Filed 6-26-20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-22-P