Rent-to-Own Store Swaps; Analysis of Agreement Containing Consent Order To Aid Public Comment, 11082-11084 [2020-03782]
Download as PDF
11082
Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 38 / Wednesday, February 26, 2020 / Notices
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT on or
before the date set in the DATES section.
The request should identify the name of
the individual making the presentation,
the organization (if any) the individual
will represent, and any requirements for
audiovisual equipment. Oral comments
before TSCA SACC during the in-person
meeting are limited to approximately 5
minutes unless prior arrangements have
been made. In addition, each speaker
should email their comments and
presentation to the DFO listed under
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT,
preferably, at least 24 hours prior to the
oral public comment period.
(Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2601 et seq.)
Dated: February 19, 2020.
Andrew R. Wheeler,
Administrator.
[FR Doc. 2020–03866 Filed 2–25–20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION
khammond on DSKJM1Z7X2PROD with NOTICES
Notice of Agreements Filed
The Commission hereby gives notice
of the filing of the following agreements
under the Shipping Act of 1984.
Interested parties may submit
comments, relevant information, or
documents regarding the agreements to
the Secretary by email at Secretary@
fmc.gov, or by mail, Federal Maritime
Commission, Washington, DC 20573.
Comments will be most helpful to the
Commission if received within 12 days
of the date this notice appears in the
Federal Register. Copies of agreements
are available through the Commission’s
website (www.fmc.gov) or by contacting
the Office of Agreements at (202) 523–
5793 or tradeanalysis@fmc.gov.
Agreement No.: 012139–003.
Agreement Name: ML/MSC Oceania
Space Charter Agreement.
Parties: Maersk A/S and
Mediterranean Shipping Company S.A.
Filing Party: Wayne Rohde; Cozen
O’Connor.
Synopsis: The amendment updates
the name of the Maersk entity that is a
party to the Agreement.
Proposed Effective Date: 2/14/2020.
Location: https://www2.fmc.gov/
FMC.Agreements.Web/Public/
AgreementHistory/306.
Agreement No.: 011741–024.
Agreement Name: U.S. Pacific CoastOceania Agreement.
Parties: Maersk A/S; Hapag-Lloyd AG;
and ANL Singapore Pte. Ltd.
Filing Party: Wayne Rohde; Cozen
O’Connor.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
17:22 Feb 25, 2020
Jkt 250001
Synopsis: The amendment updates
the name of the Maersk entity that is a
party to the Agreement.
Proposed Effective Date: 2/14/2020.
Location: https://www2.fmc.gov/
FMC.Agreements.Web/Public/
AgreementHistory/601.
Agreement No.: 012448–002.
Agreement Name: ECUS/ECSA Slot
Exchange Agreement.
Parties: Maersk A/S; Hapag-Lloyd AG;
and Mediterranean Shipping Company
S.A.
Filing Party: Wayne Rohde; Cozen
O’Connor.
Synopsis: The amendment updates
the name of the Maersk entity that is a
party to the Agreement.
Proposed Effective Date: 2/14/2020.
Location: https://www2.fmc.gov/
FMC.Agreements.Web/Public/
AgreementHistory/1929.
Agreement No.: 011707–018.
Agreement Name: Gulf/South
America Discussion Agreement.
Parties: BBC Chartering Carriers
GmbH & Co. KG; Industrial Maritime
Carriers, LLC; and Seaboard Marine Ltd.
Filing Party: Wayne Rohde; Cozen
O’Connor.
Synopsis: The amendment deletes
ZEAMARINE Carrier GmbH as a party
and replaces it with Industrial Maritime
Carriers, L.L.C.
Proposed Effective Date: 4/3/2020.
Location: https://www2.fmc.gov/
FMC.Agreements.Web/Public/
AgreementHistory/684.
Dated: February 21, 2020.
Rachel Dickon,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2020–03882 Filed 2–25–20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6731–AA–P
FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION
[File No. 191 0074]
Rent-to-Own Store Swaps; Analysis of
Agreement Containing Consent Order
To Aid Public Comment
Federal Trade Commission.
Proposed consent agreement;
request for comment.
AGENCY:
ACTION:
The consent agreements in
this matter settle alleged violations of
federal law prohibiting unfair methods
of competition. The attached Analysis of
Agreement Containing Consent Order to
Aid Public Comment describes both the
allegations in the complaints and the
terms of the consent orders—embodied
in the consent agreements—that would
settle these allegations.
DATES: Comments must be received on
or before March 27, 2020.
SUMMARY:
PO 00000
Frm 00038
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
Interested parties may file
comments online or on paper, by
following the instructions in the
Request for Comment part of the
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section
below. Please write: ‘‘Rent-to-Own Store
Swaps; File No. 191 0074’’ on your
comment, and file your comment online
at https://www.regulations.gov by
following the instructions on the webbased form. If you prefer to file your
comment on paper, please mail your
comment to the following address:
Federal Trade Commission, Office of the
Secretary, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue
NW, Suite CC–5610 (Annex D),
Washington, DC 20580, or deliver your
comment to the following address:
Federal Trade Commission, Office of the
Secretary, Constitution Center, 400 7th
Street SW, 5th Floor, Suite 5610 (Annex
D), Washington, DC 20024.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Joseph Lipinsky (206–220–4473),
Federal Trade Commission, 915 Second
Avenue, Room 2896, Seattle, WA 98174.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Pursuant
to Section 6(f) of the Federal Trade
Commission Act, 15 U.S.C. 46(f), and
FTC Rule 2.34, 16 CFR 2.34, notice is
hereby given that the above-captioned
consent agreement containing a consent
order to cease and desist, having been
filed with and accepted, subject to final
approval, by the Commission, has been
placed on the public record for a period
of thirty (30) days. The following
Analysis to Aid Public Comment
describes the terms of the consent
agreement and the allegations in the
complaint. An electronic copy of the
full text of the consent agreement
package can be obtained from the FTC
website (for February 20, 2020), at this
web address: https://www.ftc.gov/newsevents/commission-actions.
You can file a comment online or on
paper. For the Commission to consider
your comment, we must receive it on or
before March 27, 2020. Write ‘‘Rent-toOwn Store Swaps; File No. 191 0074’’
on your comment. Your comment—
including your name and your state—
will be placed on the public record of
this proceeding, including, to the extent
practicable, on the https://
www.regulations.gov website.
Postal mail addressed to the
Commission is subject to delay due to
heightened security screening. As a
result, we encourage you to submit your
comments online through the https://
www.regulations.gov website.
If you prefer to file your comment on
paper, write ‘‘Rent-to-Own Store Swaps;
File No. 191 0074’’ on your comment
and on the envelope, and mail your
comment to the following address:
ADDRESSES:
E:\FR\FM\26FEN1.SGM
26FEN1
khammond on DSKJM1Z7X2PROD with NOTICES
Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 38 / Wednesday, February 26, 2020 / Notices
Federal Trade Commission, Office of the
Secretary, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue
NW, Suite CC–5610 (Annex D),
Washington, DC 20580; or deliver your
comment to the following address:
Federal Trade Commission, Office of the
Secretary, Constitution Center, 400 7th
Street SW, 5th Floor, Suite 5610 (Annex
D), Washington, DC 20024. If possible,
submit your paper comment to the
Commission by courier or overnight
service.
Because your comment will be placed
on the publicly accessible website at
https://www.regulations.gov, you are
solely responsible for making sure that
your comment does not include any
sensitive or confidential information. In
particular, your comment should not
include any sensitive personal
information, such as your or anyone
else’s Social Security number; date of
birth; driver’s license number or other
state identification number, or foreign
country equivalent; passport number;
financial account number; or credit or
debit card number. You are also solely
responsible for making sure your
comment does not include any sensitive
health information, such as medical
records or other individually
identifiable health information. In
addition, your comment should not
include any ‘‘trade secret or any
commercial or financial information
which . . . is privileged or
confidential’’—as provided by Section
6(f) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. 46(f), and
FTC Rule 4.10(a)(2), 16 CFR 4.10(a)(2)—
including in particular competitively
sensitive information such as costs,
sales statistics, inventories, formulas,
patterns, devices, manufacturing
processes, or customer names.
Comments containing material for
which confidential treatment is
requested must be filed in paper form,
must be clearly labeled ‘‘Confidential,’’
and must comply with FTC Rule 4.9(c).
In particular, the written request for
confidential treatment that accompanies
the comment must include the factual
and legal basis for the request, and must
identify the specific portions of the
comment to be withheld from the public
record. See FTC Rule 4.9(c). Your
comment will be kept confidential only
if the General Counsel grants your
request in accordance with the law and
the public interest. Once your comment
has been posted on the public FTC
website—as legally required by FTC
Rule 4.9(b)—we cannot redact or
remove your comment from the FTC
website, unless you submit a
confidentiality request that meets the
requirements for such treatment under
FTC Rule 4.9(c), and the General
Counsel grants that request.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
17:22 Feb 25, 2020
Jkt 250001
11083
Visit the FTC website at https://
www.ftc.gov to read this Notice and the
news release describing it. The FTC Act
and other laws that the Commission
administers permit the collection of
public comments to consider and use in
this proceeding, as appropriate. The
Commission will consider all timely
and responsive public comments that it
receives on or before March 27, 2020.
For information on the Commission’s
privacy policy, including routine uses
permitted by the Privacy Act, see
https://www.ftc.gov/site-information/
privacy-policy.
depriving consumers of the benefits of
price and quality competition.
Under the Consent Agreements,
Aaron’s and Buddy’s agree that they
will no longer enter into Swap
Agreements and will not take any steps
to enforce any non-competition
agreements associated with the Swap
Agreements. The proposed Decision and
Order (‘‘Order’’) in each Consent
Agreement preserves competition in the
RTO industry by prohibiting such Swap
Agreements and enforcement of
ancillary non-competition agreements.
Analysis of Agreement Containing
Consent Order To Aid Public Comment
A. Aaron’s, Inc.
Aaron’s is headquartered in Atlanta,
Georgia. As of December 2018, Aaron’s,
the second largest operator of RTO
stores, has 1,689 stores, comprised of
1,312 company-operated stores and 377
independently owned franchised stores
operating in 47 states. Aaron’s estimates
its 2018 fiscal year revenues were
roughly $3.8 billion with over $196
million in net earnings.
I. Introduction
The Federal Trade Commission
(‘‘Commission’’) has accepted, subject to
final approval, an Agreement
Containing Consent Order with Aaron’s,
Inc. (‘‘Aaron’s’’); an Agreement
Containing Consent Order with Buddy’s
Newco, LLC (‘‘Buddy’s’’); and an
Agreement Containing Consent Order
with Rent-A-Center, Inc. (‘‘RAC’’)
(‘‘Consent Agreements’’). The proposed
Consent Agreements are intended to
remedy anticompetitive effects resulting
from reciprocal purchase agreements
made between Aaron’s, Buddy’s, and
RAC, and certain of their competitors in
the brick-and-mortar rent-to-own
(‘‘RTO’’) industry.
Pursuant to the reciprocal purchase
agreements, Aaron’s, Buddy’s, and RAC
sold consumer rental contracts to nearby
competitors contingent on Aaron’s,
Buddy’s, or RAC acquiring that
competitor’s consumer rental contracts
in another geographic area. These
reciprocal purchase agreements, called
swap agreements (‘‘Swap Agreements’’)
by the RTO industry, also included noncompetition agreements whereby
Aaron’s, Buddy’s, or RAC and the
nearby competitors each agreed to close
stores associated with the consumer
rental contacts being sold and to not
open new stores within a specified
distance for a limited amount of time.
Not all swap agreements violate the
antitrust laws. Swap agreements
between companies in the same
industry that generate significant
procompetitive benefits for consumers,
such as more efficient distribution or
creation of a new product, may not
violate the law. The Swap Agreements
and ancillary non-competition
agreements at issue in the present case,
however, likely reduced competition
between Aaron’s, Buddy’s, RAC, and
their competitors in the RTO industry in
several local markets in the United
States, reducing consumer choice and
PO 00000
Frm 00039
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
II. The Parties
B. Buddy’s Newco, LLC
Buddy’s, doing business as Buddy’s
Home Furnishings, is a limited liability
company headquartered in Orlando,
Florida. Buddy’s operates
approximately 300 franchised and
corporate stores throughout the
Continental United States.
C. Rent-A-Center, Inc.
Rent-A-Center, Inc. is a corporation
headquartered in Plano, Texas. RAC has
approximately 2,800 company-owned
stores and 225 RAC franchised stores
throughout the United States.
III. The Complaints
A. Background
In the RTO business, consumers do
not buy merchandise outright, but rather
take possession after entering into rental
contracts with an RTO company. The
contracts are shortterm contracts
(typically one week or one month) that
renew when the consumer makes the
lease payment. The rental contracts are
at-will; consumers may terminate the
contracts and return the merchandise
without penalty. The rental contracts
create a recurring revenue stream for the
RTO company. If an RTO store closes,
the RTO company will either transfer
the store’s rental contracts to another of
its own stores, or sell them to a nearby
competitor.
A large percentage of RTO customers
travel to the RTO store associated with
their rental contract to make their
weekly or monthly payments. If an RTO
company seeks to close a store and
E:\FR\FM\26FEN1.SGM
26FEN1
11084
Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 38 / Wednesday, February 26, 2020 / Notices
transfer the store’s contracts to another,
more distant store, the consumer may
terminate the rental contract rather than
traveling to the more distant store. The
greater the distance between the
receiving store and the closing store, the
greater the likelihood that the consumer
will terminate the contract. Therefore, if
an RTO company does not have another
store near the closing store, it may opt
to sell its rental contracts to a
competitor that has an RTO store in
close proximity to the closing store.
B. The Challenged Conduct
Between 2015 and 2018, Aaron’s,
Buddy’s, and RAC entered into several
Swap Agreements with one another and
with other RTO operators. These
agreements typically covered stores in
multiple different markets. Each Swap
Agreement consists of two related
transactions. In one transaction, a
competitor closes one or more RTO
stores and sells the closing stores’
consumer rental contracts to Aaron’s,
Buddy’s, or RAC, which have RTO
stores near the competitor’s soon-toclose stores. In the other transaction, the
facts are reversed: Aaron’s, Buddy’s, or
RAC closes one or more of its RTO
stores and sells the soon-to-close stores’
consumer rental contracts to the
competitor which has RTO stores
nearby. The sales of the rental contracts
by Aaron’s, Buddy’s, or RAC is
explicitly contingent on the purchase of
the competitor’s rental contracts. Parties
to the Swap Agreement also sign noncompete agreements, usually for a threeyear period, for the areas in the
immediate vicinity of the closed stores.
khammond on DSKJM1Z7X2PROD with NOTICES
The evidence indicates that at least
some of the Swap Agreements entered
into by Buddy’s, Aaron’s, and RAC, had
the purpose and effect of facilitating
each party’s ability to induce its
competitor to exit a market. Such
agreements are a form of restraint that
reduces competition and creates a clear
threat of consumer harm. Consumers in
the affected geographic areas lost any
benefits of competition resulting from
the closing of RTO stores and had fewer
options for rental merchandise.
Moreover, the evidence indicates that
Aaron’s, Buddy’s, and RAC closed
stores that might not have been closed
but for the Swap Agreements. As a
result, the FTC has issued its
Complaints and entered into the
Consent Agreements, which remedy the
harm to competition.
17:22 Feb 25, 2020
Jkt 250001
By direction of the Commission.
April J. Tabor,
Acting Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2020–03782 Filed 2–25–20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6750–01–P
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND
HUMAN SERVICES
Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention
C. Effects of the Challenged Conduct
VerDate Sep<11>2014
IV. The Agreement Containing Consent
Order
The proposed Orders fully address
Aaron’s, Buddy’s, and RAC’s past
actions and contain important fencing
in and notification provisions. The
Orders prohibit Aaron’s, Buddy’s, and
RAC from entering into any future Swap
Agreements and from enforcing any
non-compete clauses that are still in
effect from past Swap Agreements. The
Orders also prohibit any Aaron’s or
Buddy’s representatives from serving on
the Board of Directors of any of their
competitors, or any competitor’s
representatives from serving on the
Aaron’s or Buddy’s Board. RAC’s Order
does not contain this prohibition
because, unlike Buddy’s and Aaron’s,
there is no evidence that a RAC
representative has previously served on
a competitor’s Board of Directors. The
Orders require Aaron’s and Buddy’s to
establish antitrust compliance programs,
while RAC must establish a compliance
program related to its Order. Finally, all
the Orders impose reporting
requirements, and the Orders will
terminate in 20 years.
The Commission does not intend this
analysis to constitute an official
interpretation of the proposed Orders or
to modify their terms in any way.
[Docket No. CDC–2020–0011]
DRAFT Infection Control in Healthcare
Personnel: Epidemiology and Control
of Selected Infections Transmitted
Among Healthcare Personnel and
Patients: Diphtheria, Group A
Streptococcus, Meningococcal
Disease, and Pertussis Sections
Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC), Department of Health
and Human Services (DHHS).
ACTION: Notice with comment period.
AGENCY:
The Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC), in the
Department of Health and Human
Services (DHHS), announces the
opening of a docket to obtain comment
on the DRAFT Infection Control in
Healthcare Personnel: Epidemiology
and Control of Selected Infections
SUMMARY:
PO 00000
Frm 00040
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
Transmitted Among Healthcare
Personnel and Patients: Diphtheria,
Group A Streptococcus, Meningococcal
Disease, and Pertussis Sections (‘‘Draft
Guideline’’). The Draft Guideline
updates four sections of the Guideline
for infection control in health care
personnel, 1998 (‘‘1998 Guideline’’),
Part E: Epidemiology and Control of
Selected Infections Transmitted Among
Health Care Personnel and Patients, and
their corresponding recommendations
in Part II of the 1998 Guideline: ‘‘4.
Diphtheria;’’ ‘‘9. Meningococcal
Disease;’’ ‘‘12. Pertussis;’’ and ‘‘18.
Streptococcus, group A infection.’’ The
updated recommendations in the Draft
Guideline are intended for use by the
leaders and staff of Occupational Health
Services (OHS) to facilitate the
provision of occupational infection
prevention and control (IPC) services to
healthcare personnel (HCP) for the
management of exposed or infected HCP
who may be contagious to others in the
workplace.
DATES: Written comments must be
received on or before April 27, 2020.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments,
identified by Docket No. CDC–2020–
0011, by any of the following methods:
• Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://
www.regulations.gov. Follow the
instructions for submitting comments.
• Mail: Division of Healthcare Quality
Promotion, National Center for
Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious
Diseases, Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention, Attn: Docket No. CDC–
2020–0011, HICPAC Secretariat, 1600
Clifton Rd. NE, Mailstop H16–3,
Atlanta, Georgia, 30329.
Instructions: Submissions via https://
regulations.gov are preferred. All
submissions received must include the
agency name and Docket Number. All
relevant comments received will be
posted without change to https://
regulations.gov, including any personal
information provided. For access to the
docket to read background documents
or comments received, go to https://
www.regulations.gov.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Kendra Cox, Division of Healthcare
Quality Promotion, National Center for
Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious
Diseases, Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE,
Mailstop H16–2, Atlanta, Georgia,
30329; Telephone: (404) 639–4000.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Public Participation
Interested persons or organizations
are invited to participate by submitting
written views, recommendations, and
data related to the Draft Guideline.
E:\FR\FM\26FEN1.SGM
26FEN1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 85, Number 38 (Wednesday, February 26, 2020)]
[Notices]
[Pages 11082-11084]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2020-03782]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION
[File No. 191 0074]
Rent-to-Own Store Swaps; Analysis of Agreement Containing Consent
Order To Aid Public Comment
AGENCY: Federal Trade Commission.
ACTION: Proposed consent agreement; request for comment.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The consent agreements in this matter settle alleged
violations of federal law prohibiting unfair methods of competition.
The attached Analysis of Agreement Containing Consent Order to Aid
Public Comment describes both the allegations in the complaints and the
terms of the consent orders--embodied in the consent agreements--that
would settle these allegations.
DATES: Comments must be received on or before March 27, 2020.
ADDRESSES: Interested parties may file comments online or on paper, by
following the instructions in the Request for Comment part of the
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section below. Please write: ``Rent-to-Own
Store Swaps; File No. 191 0074'' on your comment, and file your comment
online at https://www.regulations.gov by following the instructions on
the web-based form. If you prefer to file your comment on paper, please
mail your comment to the following address: Federal Trade Commission,
Office of the Secretary, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Suite CC-5610
(Annex D), Washington, DC 20580, or deliver your comment to the
following address: Federal Trade Commission, Office of the Secretary,
Constitution Center, 400 7th Street SW, 5th Floor, Suite 5610 (Annex
D), Washington, DC 20024.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Joseph Lipinsky (206-220-4473),
Federal Trade Commission, 915 Second Avenue, Room 2896, Seattle, WA
98174.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Pursuant to Section 6(f) of the Federal
Trade Commission Act, 15 U.S.C. 46(f), and FTC Rule 2.34, 16 CFR 2.34,
notice is hereby given that the above-captioned consent agreement
containing a consent order to cease and desist, having been filed with
and accepted, subject to final approval, by the Commission, has been
placed on the public record for a period of thirty (30) days. The
following Analysis to Aid Public Comment describes the terms of the
consent agreement and the allegations in the complaint. An electronic
copy of the full text of the consent agreement package can be obtained
from the FTC website (for February 20, 2020), at this web address:
https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/commission-actions.
You can file a comment online or on paper. For the Commission to
consider your comment, we must receive it on or before March 27, 2020.
Write ``Rent-to-Own Store Swaps; File No. 191 0074'' on your comment.
Your comment--including your name and your state--will be placed on the
public record of this proceeding, including, to the extent practicable,
on the https://www.regulations.gov website.
Postal mail addressed to the Commission is subject to delay due to
heightened security screening. As a result, we encourage you to submit
your comments online through the https://www.regulations.gov website.
If you prefer to file your comment on paper, write ``Rent-to-Own
Store Swaps; File No. 191 0074'' on your comment and on the envelope,
and mail your comment to the following address:
[[Page 11083]]
Federal Trade Commission, Office of the Secretary, 600 Pennsylvania
Avenue NW, Suite CC-5610 (Annex D), Washington, DC 20580; or deliver
your comment to the following address: Federal Trade Commission, Office
of the Secretary, Constitution Center, 400 7th Street SW, 5th Floor,
Suite 5610 (Annex D), Washington, DC 20024. If possible, submit your
paper comment to the Commission by courier or overnight service.
Because your comment will be placed on the publicly accessible
website at https://www.regulations.gov, you are solely responsible for
making sure that your comment does not include any sensitive or
confidential information. In particular, your comment should not
include any sensitive personal information, such as your or anyone
else's Social Security number; date of birth; driver's license number
or other state identification number, or foreign country equivalent;
passport number; financial account number; or credit or debit card
number. You are also solely responsible for making sure your comment
does not include any sensitive health information, such as medical
records or other individually identifiable health information. In
addition, your comment should not include any ``trade secret or any
commercial or financial information which . . . is privileged or
confidential''--as provided by Section 6(f) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C.
46(f), and FTC Rule 4.10(a)(2), 16 CFR 4.10(a)(2)--including in
particular competitively sensitive information such as costs, sales
statistics, inventories, formulas, patterns, devices, manufacturing
processes, or customer names.
Comments containing material for which confidential treatment is
requested must be filed in paper form, must be clearly labeled
``Confidential,'' and must comply with FTC Rule 4.9(c). In particular,
the written request for confidential treatment that accompanies the
comment must include the factual and legal basis for the request, and
must identify the specific portions of the comment to be withheld from
the public record. See FTC Rule 4.9(c). Your comment will be kept
confidential only if the General Counsel grants your request in
accordance with the law and the public interest. Once your comment has
been posted on the public FTC website--as legally required by FTC Rule
4.9(b)--we cannot redact or remove your comment from the FTC website,
unless you submit a confidentiality request that meets the requirements
for such treatment under FTC Rule 4.9(c), and the General Counsel
grants that request.
Visit the FTC website at https://www.ftc.gov to read this Notice and
the news release describing it. The FTC Act and other laws that the
Commission administers permit the collection of public comments to
consider and use in this proceeding, as appropriate. The Commission
will consider all timely and responsive public comments that it
receives on or before March 27, 2020. For information on the
Commission's privacy policy, including routine uses permitted by the
Privacy Act, see https://www.ftc.gov/site-information/privacy-policy.
Analysis of Agreement Containing Consent Order To Aid Public Comment
I. Introduction
The Federal Trade Commission (``Commission'') has accepted, subject
to final approval, an Agreement Containing Consent Order with Aaron's,
Inc. (``Aaron's''); an Agreement Containing Consent Order with Buddy's
Newco, LLC (``Buddy's''); and an Agreement Containing Consent Order
with Rent-A-Center, Inc. (``RAC'') (``Consent Agreements''). The
proposed Consent Agreements are intended to remedy anticompetitive
effects resulting from reciprocal purchase agreements made between
Aaron's, Buddy's, and RAC, and certain of their competitors in the
brick-and-mortar rent-to-own (``RTO'') industry.
Pursuant to the reciprocal purchase agreements, Aaron's, Buddy's,
and RAC sold consumer rental contracts to nearby competitors contingent
on Aaron's, Buddy's, or RAC acquiring that competitor's consumer rental
contracts in another geographic area. These reciprocal purchase
agreements, called swap agreements (``Swap Agreements'') by the RTO
industry, also included non-competition agreements whereby Aaron's,
Buddy's, or RAC and the nearby competitors each agreed to close stores
associated with the consumer rental contacts being sold and to not open
new stores within a specified distance for a limited amount of time.
Not all swap agreements violate the antitrust laws. Swap agreements
between companies in the same industry that generate significant
procompetitive benefits for consumers, such as more efficient
distribution or creation of a new product, may not violate the law. The
Swap Agreements and ancillary non-competition agreements at issue in
the present case, however, likely reduced competition between Aaron's,
Buddy's, RAC, and their competitors in the RTO industry in several
local markets in the United States, reducing consumer choice and
depriving consumers of the benefits of price and quality competition.
Under the Consent Agreements, Aaron's and Buddy's agree that they
will no longer enter into Swap Agreements and will not take any steps
to enforce any non-competition agreements associated with the Swap
Agreements. The proposed Decision and Order (``Order'') in each Consent
Agreement preserves competition in the RTO industry by prohibiting such
Swap Agreements and enforcement of ancillary non-competition
agreements.
II. The Parties
A. Aaron's, Inc.
Aaron's is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. As of December 2018,
Aaron's, the second largest operator of RTO stores, has 1,689 stores,
comprised of 1,312 company-operated stores and 377 independently owned
franchised stores operating in 47 states. Aaron's estimates its 2018
fiscal year revenues were roughly $3.8 billion with over $196 million
in net earnings.
B. Buddy's Newco, LLC
Buddy's, doing business as Buddy's Home Furnishings, is a limited
liability company headquartered in Orlando, Florida. Buddy's operates
approximately 300 franchised and corporate stores throughout the
Continental United States.
C. Rent-A-Center, Inc.
Rent-A-Center, Inc. is a corporation headquartered in Plano, Texas.
RAC has approximately 2,800 company-owned stores and 225 RAC franchised
stores throughout the United States.
III. The Complaints
A. Background
In the RTO business, consumers do not buy merchandise outright, but
rather take possession after entering into rental contracts with an RTO
company. The contracts are shortterm contracts (typically one week or
one month) that renew when the consumer makes the lease payment. The
rental contracts are at-will; consumers may terminate the contracts and
return the merchandise without penalty. The rental contracts create a
recurring revenue stream for the RTO company. If an RTO store closes,
the RTO company will either transfer the store's rental contracts to
another of its own stores, or sell them to a nearby competitor.
A large percentage of RTO customers travel to the RTO store
associated with their rental contract to make their weekly or monthly
payments. If an RTO company seeks to close a store and
[[Page 11084]]
transfer the store's contracts to another, more distant store, the
consumer may terminate the rental contract rather than traveling to the
more distant store. The greater the distance between the receiving
store and the closing store, the greater the likelihood that the
consumer will terminate the contract. Therefore, if an RTO company does
not have another store near the closing store, it may opt to sell its
rental contracts to a competitor that has an RTO store in close
proximity to the closing store.
B. The Challenged Conduct
Between 2015 and 2018, Aaron's, Buddy's, and RAC entered into
several Swap Agreements with one another and with other RTO operators.
These agreements typically covered stores in multiple different
markets. Each Swap Agreement consists of two related transactions. In
one transaction, a competitor closes one or more RTO stores and sells
the closing stores' consumer rental contracts to Aaron's, Buddy's, or
RAC, which have RTO stores near the competitor's soon-to-close stores.
In the other transaction, the facts are reversed: Aaron's, Buddy's, or
RAC closes one or more of its RTO stores and sells the soon-to-close
stores' consumer rental contracts to the competitor which has RTO
stores nearby. The sales of the rental contracts by Aaron's, Buddy's,
or RAC is explicitly contingent on the purchase of the competitor's
rental contracts. Parties to the Swap Agreement also sign non-compete
agreements, usually for a three-year period, for the areas in the
immediate vicinity of the closed stores.
C. Effects of the Challenged Conduct
The evidence indicates that at least some of the Swap Agreements
entered into by Buddy's, Aaron's, and RAC, had the purpose and effect
of facilitating each party's ability to induce its competitor to exit a
market. Such agreements are a form of restraint that reduces
competition and creates a clear threat of consumer harm. Consumers in
the affected geographic areas lost any benefits of competition
resulting from the closing of RTO stores and had fewer options for
rental merchandise. Moreover, the evidence indicates that Aaron's,
Buddy's, and RAC closed stores that might not have been closed but for
the Swap Agreements. As a result, the FTC has issued its Complaints and
entered into the Consent Agreements, which remedy the harm to
competition.
IV. The Agreement Containing Consent Order
The proposed Orders fully address Aaron's, Buddy's, and RAC's past
actions and contain important fencing in and notification provisions.
The Orders prohibit Aaron's, Buddy's, and RAC from entering into any
future Swap Agreements and from enforcing any non-compete clauses that
are still in effect from past Swap Agreements. The Orders also prohibit
any Aaron's or Buddy's representatives from serving on the Board of
Directors of any of their competitors, or any competitor's
representatives from serving on the Aaron's or Buddy's Board. RAC's
Order does not contain this prohibition because, unlike Buddy's and
Aaron's, there is no evidence that a RAC representative has previously
served on a competitor's Board of Directors. The Orders require Aaron's
and Buddy's to establish antitrust compliance programs, while RAC must
establish a compliance program related to its Order. Finally, all the
Orders impose reporting requirements, and the Orders will terminate in
20 years.
The Commission does not intend this analysis to constitute an
official interpretation of the proposed Orders or to modify their terms
in any way.
By direction of the Commission.
April J. Tabor,
Acting Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2020-03782 Filed 2-25-20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6750-01-P