Cheeses and Related Cheese Products; Proposal To Permit the Use of Ultrafiltered Milk; Reopening the Comment Period, 71834-71836 [2019-28145]
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71834
Federal Register / Vol. 84, No. 249 / Monday, December 30, 2019 / Proposed Rules
notional amounts and portfolio
compression exercises, without
triggering margin requirements.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND
HUMAN SERVICES
Food and Drug Administration
II. Reopening of Comment Period and
Request for Comment
21 CFR Part 133
The original comment period for the
NPR closed on December 9, 2019.2 The
agencies received public comments
requesting an extension of the comment
period, noting that the commenters did
not have sufficient time to analyze fully
the agencies’ notice of proposed
rulemaking during the original 30-day
comment period. To give these, and
similarly situated, commenters
additional time, the agencies are reopening the comment period through
January 23, 2020, until which time
interested parties may submit public
comments on the rule amendments
proposed and the questions presented in
the NPR.
Dated: December 20, 2019.
Jonathan V. Gould,
Senior Deputy Comptroller and Chief
Counsel, Office of the Comptroller of the
Currency.
By order of the Board of Governors of the
Federal Reserve System, acting through the
Secretary of the Board under delegated
authority, December 20, 2019.
Margaret McCloskey Shanks,
Deputy Secretary of the Board.
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
Dated at Washington, DC, on December 19,
2019.
Annmarie H. Boyd,
Assistant Executive Secretary.
By order of the Board of the Farm Credit
Administration.
Dated at McLean, VA, this 20th day of
December, 2019.
Dale L. Aultman,
Secretary.
December 12, 2019.
Mark A. Calabria,
Director, Federal Housing Finance Agency.
[FR Doc. 2019–28052 Filed 12–27–19; 8:45 am]
khammond on DSKJM1Z7X2PROD with PROPOSALS
BILLING CODE 4810–33–P; 6210–01–P; 6714–01–P;
8070–01–P; 6705–01–P
2 See
84 FR 59970 (November 7, 2019).
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[Docket No. FDA–2008–P–0086]
Cheeses and Related Cheese
Products; Proposal To Permit the Use
of Ultrafiltered Milk; Reopening the
Comment Period
AGENCY:
Food and Drug Administration,
HHS.
Proposed rule; reopening of the
comment period.
ACTION:
The Food and Drug
Administration (FDA or we) is
reopening the comment period for the
proposed rule published in the Federal
Register of October 19, 2005, entitled
‘‘Cheeses and Related Cheese Products;
Proposal to Permit the Use of
Ultrafiltered Milk.’’ The proposed rule
would amend our regulations to provide
for the use of fluid ultrafiltered (UF)
milk in the manufacture of standardized
cheeses and related cheese products. We
are reopening the comment period to
receive new information and further
comment on current industry practices
regarding the use of fluid UF milk and
fluid UF nonfat milk in the manufacture
of standardized cheeses and related
cheese products, and the declaration of
fluid UF milk and fluid UF nonfat milk
when used as ingredients in
standardized cheeses and related cheese
products.
DATES: FDA is reopening the comment
period on the proposed rule published
on October 19, 2005 (70 FR 60751).
Submit either electronic or written
comments by March 30, 2020.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments
as follows. Please note that late,
untimely filed comments will not be
considered. Electronic comments must
be submitted on or before March 30,
2020. The https://www.regulations.gov
electronic filing system will accept
comments until 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time
at the end of March 30, 2020. Comments
received by mail/hand delivery/courier
(for written/paper submissions) will be
considered timely if they are
postmarked or the delivery service
acceptance receipt is on or before that
date.
SUMMARY:
Electronic Submissions
Submit electronic comments in the
following way:
• Federal eRulemaking Portal:
https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the
instructions for submitting comments.
Comments submitted electronically,
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including attachments, to https://
www.regulations.gov will be posted to
the docket unchanged. Because your
comment will be made public, you are
solely responsible for ensuring that your
comment does not include any
confidential information that you or a
third party may not wish to be posted,
such as medical information, your or
anyone else’s Social Security number, or
confidential business information, such
as a manufacturing process. Please note
that if you include your name, contact
information, or other information that
identifies you in the body of your
comments, that information will be
posted on https://www.regulations.gov.
• If you want to submit a comment
with confidential information that you
do not wish to be made available to the
public, submit the comment as a
written/paper submission and in the
manner detailed (see ‘‘Written/Paper
Submissions’’ and ‘‘Instructions’’).
Written/Paper Submissions
Submit written/paper submissions as
follows:
• Mail/Hand delivery/Courier (for
written/paper submissions): Dockets
Management Staff (HFA–305), Food and
Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers
Lane, Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852.
• For written/paper comments
submitted to the Dockets Management
Staff, FDA will post your comment, as
well as any attachments, except for
information submitted, marked and
identified, as confidential, if submitted
as detailed in ‘‘Instructions.’’
Instructions: All submissions received
must include the Docket No. FDA–
2008–P–0086 for ‘‘Cheeses and Related
Cheese Products; Proposal to Permit the
Use of Ultrafiltered Milk.’’ Received
comments, those filed in a timely
manner (see ADDRESSES), will be
placed in the docket and, except for
those submitted as ‘‘Confidential
Submissions,’’ publicly viewable at
https://www.regulations.gov or at the
Dockets Management Staff between 9
a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through
Friday.
• Confidential Submissions—To
submit a comment with confidential
information that you do not wish to be
made publicly available, submit your
comments only as a written/paper
submission. You should submit two
copies total. One copy will include the
information you claim to be confidential
with a heading or cover note that states
‘‘THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS
CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION.’’ We
will review this copy, including the
claimed confidential information, in our
consideration of comments. The second
copy, which will have the claimed
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Federal Register / Vol. 84, No. 249 / Monday, December 30, 2019 / Proposed Rules
confidential information redacted/
blacked out, will be available for public
viewing and posted on https://
www.regulations.gov. Submit both
copies to the Dockets Management Staff.
If you do not wish your name and
contact information to be made publicly
available, you can provide this
information on the cover sheet and not
in the body of your comments and you
must identify this information as
‘‘confidential.’’ Any information marked
as ‘‘confidential’’ will not be disclosed
except in accordance with 21 CFR 10.20
and other applicable disclosure law. For
more information about FDA’s posting
of comments to public dockets, see 80
FR 56469, September 18, 2015, or access
the information at: https://www.gpo.gov/
fdsys/pkg/FR-2015-09-18/pdf/201523389.pdf.
Docket: For access to the docket to
read background documents or the
electronic and written/paper comments
received, go to https://
www.regulations.gov and insert the
docket number, found in brackets in the
heading of this document, into the
‘‘Search’’ box and follow the prompts
and/or go to the Dockets Management
Staff, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm. 1061,
Rockville, MD 20852.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Daniel Reese, Center for Food Safety
and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug
Administration, 5001 Campus Dr.,
College Park, MD 20740, 240–402–2371.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
khammond on DSKJM1Z7X2PROD with PROPOSALS
I. Background
In the Federal Register of October 19,
2005, we proposed to amend our
regulations to provide for the use of
fluid UF milk in the manufacture of
standardized cheeses and related cheese
products. Specifically, the proposed
rule, if finalized, for standardized
cheeses and related cheese products,
would (1) Amend the definitions of
‘‘milk’’ and ‘‘nonfat milk’’ in § 133.3 (21
CFR 133.3) to provide for ultrafiltration
of milk and nonfat milk; and (2) define
ultrafiltered milk and ultrafiltered
nonfat milk in § 133.3 as raw or
pasteurized milk or nonfat milk that is
passed over one or more semipermeable
membranes to partially remove water,
lactose, minerals, and water-soluble
vitamins without altering the casein-towhey protein ratio of the milk or nonfat
milk and resulting in a liquid product.
FDA also proposed that the name of
such treated milk be ‘‘ultrafiltered milk’’
or ‘‘ultrafiltered nonfat milk,’’ as
appropriate. Consequently, when this
type of milk is used, it would be
declared in the ingredient statement of
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the finished food as ‘‘ultrafiltered milk’’
or ‘‘ultrafiltered nonfat milk.’’
This proposal was issued in response
to citizen petitions from the American
Dairy Products Institute and the
National Cheese Institute, the Grocery
Manufacturers of America, Inc., and the
National Food Processors Association.
Interested persons were originally given
until January 17, 2006, to comment. We
subsequently reopened the comment
period to seek further comment on two
specific issues raised by the comments
concerning the proposed ingredient
declaration (72 FR 70251, December 11,
2007); the reopened comment period
was scheduled to end on February 11,
2008. In the Federal Register of
February 11, 2008 (73 FR 7692), we
extended the comment period until
April 11, 2008.
In the Federal Register of August 14,
2017 (82 FR 37815), we announced the
availability of a guidance for industry
entitled ‘‘Ultrafiltered Milk in the
Production of Standardized Cheeses and
Related Cheese Products.’’ In the
guidance, we notified manufacturers
who wish to use UF milk or UF nonfat
milk in the production of standardized
cheeses and related cheese products of
our intent to exercise enforcement
discretion regarding the use of fluid UF
milk and fluid UF nonfat milk in the
production of standardized cheeses and
related cheese products, provided that
the physical, chemical, and organoleptic
properties of the cheese or cheese
product are not affected. We also stated
our intent to exercise enforcement
discretion with respect to the labeling of
fluid UF milk and fluid UF nonfat milk
in recognition of the costs and logistics
involved in label changes; however, we
encouraged industry to identify these
ingredients as ‘‘ultrafiltered milk’’ and
‘‘ultrafiltered nonfat milk’’ to the extent
feasible and appropriate. We further
explained that we intend to exercise
enforcement discretion until we have
completed a rulemaking process
amending our regulations with respect
to the issues covered by the guidance or
announced our determination not to
proceed with such a rulemaking.
II. Additional Issues for Consideration
To inform our decision on whether to
proceed with the rulemaking initiated in
the October 19, 2005, proposal, we seek
new information and public comment
on current industry practices regarding
the use of fluid UF milk and fluid UF
nonfat milk in the manufacture of
standardized cheeses and related cheese
products, and the declaration of fluid
UF milk and fluid UF nonfat milk in the
labeling of these products when used as
ingredients. Of particular interest, we
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seek comment on the following
questions:
1. We would like to understand
whether there is variable use of fluid UF
milk or fluid UF nonfat milk in the
production of standardized cheeses and
related cheese products. For example, if
a company uses fluid UF milk in the
production of a standardized cheese,
does the amount of fluid UF milk
remain constant, or does the amount
vary depending on certain factors (such
as the cost of fluid UF milk)? Please
explain whether the amount of fluid UF
milk or fluid UF nonfat milk varies for
specific standardized cheeses and
related cheese products and the factors
that influence the variability. To
maintain the essential characteristics of
the standardized cheese or cheese
product, is the amount of fluid UF milk
or fluid UF nonfat milk limited to a
range (i.e., a minimum and maximum
amount)? Please identify the specific
standardized cheese or cheese product
and provide any ranges or amounts and
explain your reasoning.
2. (a) We invite comment on why
manufacturers may sometimes produce
their particular brands of standardized
cheeses and related cheese products
with fluid UF milk or fluid UF nonfat
milk and sometimes without fluid UF
milk or fluid UF nonfat milk. Please
explain your reasoning.
(b) Given that manufacturers may
sometimes choose to produce these
products with or without fluid UF milk
or fluid UF nonfat milk, we are
interested in how ingredient labeling of
these standardized cheeses and related
cheese products could be addressed.
Our understanding is that fluid UF
milk and fluid UF nonfat milk, when
used as ingredients in cheese, are
always used in lesser amounts by
weight than milk and nonfat milk in
order to avoid affecting the physical,
chemical, and organoleptic properties of
the cheese. For example, a manufacturer
might use milk and fluid UF milk, but
our understanding is that the amount of
fluid UF milk will be less than that of
milk. As such, milk would be the
predominant ingredient and declared
first in the ingredient statement, per
FDA’s regulations that require
ingredients to be declared by their
common or usual names in descending
order of predominance by weight (21
CFR 101.4(a)). Fluid UF milk, if used,
would be declared thereafter.
Based on our understanding, we are
considering whether, when fluid UF
milk and fluid UF nonfat milk are
sometimes used as ingredients, the
labeling of standardized cheeses and
cheese products may alternatively
declare ‘‘milk or milk and ultrafiltered
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Federal Register / Vol. 84, No. 249 / Monday, December 30, 2019 / Proposed Rules
milk’’ or ‘‘nonfat milk or nonfat milk
and ultrafiltered nonfat milk’’ in the
ingredient statements. We invite
comment on this consideration and
whether such declarations would
indicate that fluid UF milk or fluid UF
nonfat milk may be an ingredient, but
not as predominant as milk or nonfat
milk, and also enable manufacturers to
avoid relabeling costs if they use
varying amounts of fluid UF milk or
fluid UF nonfat milk. Please discuss
whether such declarations would be
informative (or, conversely, potentially
misleading to consumers) and please
explain your reasoning.
3. We also are interested in issues
related to the costs of printing different
product labels and the logistics involved
in label changes when fluid UF milk
and fluid UF nonfat milk are sometimes
used as ingredients in the production of
a manufacturer’s standardized cheese or
cheese product. For example, what
impacts, if any, would a label statement
of ‘‘milk or milk and ultrafiltered milk’’
or ‘‘nonfat milk or nonfat milk and
ultrafiltered nonfat milk’’ have on
labeling costs? How would these costs
compare if fluid UF milk and fluid UF
nonfat milk are declared only when
used in the standardized cheese or
cheese product? Please explain your
reasoning.
4. Ultrafiltered milk is being used in
a greater number of food products than
in the past. There are dairy products in
the marketplace, which appear to have
gained consumer acceptance, where
‘‘ultrafiltered milk’’ has appeared in the
statement of identity or declared in the
ingredient statement on the product
label. Are there any situations where
retailers or consumers would not
purchase standardized cheeses or
cheese products labeled as containing
‘‘ultrafiltered milk’’ as an ingredient?
Please describe such situations and
provide any recent consumer data or
market analyses you may have to
explain your reasoning.
Dated: December 19, 2019.
Lowell J. Schiller,
Principal Associate Commissioner for Policy.
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[FR Doc. 2019–28145 Filed 12–27–19; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4164–01–P
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DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
Internal Revenue Service
26 CFR Part 1
[REG–100956–19]
RIN 1545–BP16
Source of Income From Certain Sales
of Personal Property
Internal Revenue Service (IRS),
Treasury.
ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking.
AGENCY:
This document contains
proposed regulations modifying the
rules for determining the source of
income from sales of inventory
produced within the United States and
sold without the United States or vice
versa. These proposed regulations also
contain new rules for determining the
source of income from sales of personal
property (including inventory) by
nonresidents that are attributable to an
office or other fixed place of business
that the nonresident maintains in the
United States. Finally, these proposed
regulations modify certain rules for
determining whether foreign source
income is effectively connected with the
conduct of a trade or business within
the United States.
DATES: Comments and requests for a
public hearing must be received by
February 28, 2020.
ADDRESSES: Submit electronic
submissions via the Federal
eRulemaking Portal at
www.regulations.gov (indicate IRS and
REG–100956–19) by following the
online instructions for submitting
comments. Once submitted to the
Federal eRulemaking Portal, comments
cannot be edited or withdrawn. The
Department of the Treasury (‘‘Treasury
Department’’) and the IRS will publish
for public availability any comment
received to its public docket, whether
submitted electronically or in hard
copy. Send hard copy submissions to:
CC:PA:LPD:PR (REG–100956–19), Room
5203, Internal Revenue Service, P.O.
Box 7604, Ben Franklin Station,
Washington, DC 20044.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Concerning the proposed regulations
Brad McCormack, (202) 317–6911 or
Anisa Afshar, (202) 317–4999;
concerning submissions of comments
and requests for a public hearing,
Regina L. Johnson, (202) 317–6901 (not
toll free numbers).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
SUMMARY:
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Background
These regulations (the ‘‘proposed
regulations’’) contain proposed
amendments to 26 CFR part 1 revising
the rules under section 863 of the
Internal Revenue Code (the ‘‘Code’’) for
determining the source of gross income
from sales of certain property, and
under section 864 for treating foreign
source income as effectively connected
with the conduct of a trade or business
within the United States. Conforming
revisions are made to current
regulations that reference section 863.
The proposed regulations also provide
guidance under section 865(e)(2) and (3)
regarding the source of income from the
sale of personal property, including
inventory property, within the meaning
of section 865(i)(1) (‘‘inventory’’), by
nonresidents.
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, Pub. L.
115–97 (2017) (the ‘‘Act’’), enacted on
December 22, 2017, amended section
863 of the Code, which provides special
rules for determining the source of
income, including income partly from
within and partly from without the
United States. Specifically, section
14303 of the Act amended section
863(b) to allocate or apportion income
from the sale or exchange of inventory
property produced (in whole or in part)
by a taxpayer within and sold or
exchanged without the United States or
produced (in whole or in part) by the
taxpayer without and sold or exchanged
within the United States (collectively,
‘‘Section 863(b)(2) Sales’’) solely on the
basis of production activities with
respect to that inventory. Before the Act,
section 863(b) provided that income
from Section 863(b)(2) Sales would be
treated as derived partly from sources
within and partly from sources without
the United States without providing the
basis for such allocation or
apportionment.
Current § 1.863–3 provides rules for
allocating or apportioning gross income
from Section 863(b)(2) Sales. Those
rules provide several methods for
determining the amount of gross income
from Section 863(b)(2) Sales that is
attributable to production activity and
the amount of gross income attributable
to sales activity, with different rules
then applying to source the portion of
the income derived from production
activity versus sales activity. See current
§ 1.863–3(b). Current § 1.863–3(f)
provides rules for gains, profits, and
income that are treated as derived partly
from sources within the United States
and partly from sources within a
possession of the United States
(generally referred to herein as a ‘‘U.S.
territory’’).
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 84, Number 249 (Monday, December 30, 2019)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 71834-71836]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2019-28145]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Food and Drug Administration
21 CFR Part 133
[Docket No. FDA-2008-P-0086]
Cheeses and Related Cheese Products; Proposal To Permit the Use
of Ultrafiltered Milk; Reopening the Comment Period
AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS.
ACTION: Proposed rule; reopening of the comment period.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or we) is reopening the
comment period for the proposed rule published in the Federal Register
of October 19, 2005, entitled ``Cheeses and Related Cheese Products;
Proposal to Permit the Use of Ultrafiltered Milk.'' The proposed rule
would amend our regulations to provide for the use of fluid
ultrafiltered (UF) milk in the manufacture of standardized cheeses and
related cheese products. We are reopening the comment period to receive
new information and further comment on current industry practices
regarding the use of fluid UF milk and fluid UF nonfat milk in the
manufacture of standardized cheeses and related cheese products, and
the declaration of fluid UF milk and fluid UF nonfat milk when used as
ingredients in standardized cheeses and related cheese products.
DATES: FDA is reopening the comment period on the proposed rule
published on October 19, 2005 (70 FR 60751). Submit either electronic
or written comments by March 30, 2020.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments as follows. Please note that late,
untimely filed comments will not be considered. Electronic comments
must be submitted on or before March 30, 2020. The https://www.regulations.gov electronic filing system will accept comments until
11:59 p.m. Eastern Time at the end of March 30, 2020. Comments received
by mail/hand delivery/courier (for written/paper submissions) will be
considered timely if they are postmarked or the delivery service
acceptance receipt is on or before that date.
Electronic Submissions
Submit electronic comments in the following way:
Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov.
Follow the instructions for submitting comments. Comments submitted
electronically, including attachments, to https://www.regulations.gov
will be posted to the docket unchanged. Because your comment will be
made public, you are solely responsible for ensuring that your comment
does not include any confidential information that you or a third party
may not wish to be posted, such as medical information, your or anyone
else's Social Security number, or confidential business information,
such as a manufacturing process. Please note that if you include your
name, contact information, or other information that identifies you in
the body of your comments, that information will be posted on https://www.regulations.gov.
If you want to submit a comment with confidential
information that you do not wish to be made available to the public,
submit the comment as a written/paper submission and in the manner
detailed (see ``Written/Paper Submissions'' and ``Instructions'').
Written/Paper Submissions
Submit written/paper submissions as follows:
Mail/Hand delivery/Courier (for written/paper
submissions): Dockets Management Staff (HFA-305), Food and Drug
Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852.
For written/paper comments submitted to the Dockets
Management Staff, FDA will post your comment, as well as any
attachments, except for information submitted, marked and identified,
as confidential, if submitted as detailed in ``Instructions.''
Instructions: All submissions received must include the Docket No.
FDA-2008-P-0086 for ``Cheeses and Related Cheese Products; Proposal to
Permit the Use of Ultrafiltered Milk.'' Received comments, those filed
in a timely manner (see ADDRESSES), will be placed in the docket and,
except for those submitted as ``Confidential Submissions,'' publicly
viewable at https://www.regulations.gov or at the Dockets Management
Staff between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday.
Confidential Submissions--To submit a comment with
confidential information that you do not wish to be made publicly
available, submit your comments only as a written/paper submission. You
should submit two copies total. One copy will include the information
you claim to be confidential with a heading or cover note that states
``THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION.'' We will review
this copy, including the claimed confidential information, in our
consideration of comments. The second copy, which will have the claimed
[[Page 71835]]
confidential information redacted/blacked out, will be available for
public viewing and posted on https://www.regulations.gov. Submit both
copies to the Dockets Management Staff. If you do not wish your name
and contact information to be made publicly available, you can provide
this information on the cover sheet and not in the body of your
comments and you must identify this information as ``confidential.''
Any information marked as ``confidential'' will not be disclosed except
in accordance with 21 CFR 10.20 and other applicable disclosure law.
For more information about FDA's posting of comments to public dockets,
see 80 FR 56469, September 18, 2015, or access the information at:
https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2015-09-18/pdf/2015-23389.pdf.
Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or
the electronic and written/paper comments received, go to https://www.regulations.gov and insert the docket number, found in brackets in
the heading of this document, into the ``Search'' box and follow the
prompts and/or go to the Dockets Management Staff, 5630 Fishers Lane,
Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Daniel Reese, Center for Food Safety
and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, 5001 Campus Dr.,
College Park, MD 20740, 240-402-2371.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
In the Federal Register of October 19, 2005, we proposed to amend
our regulations to provide for the use of fluid UF milk in the
manufacture of standardized cheeses and related cheese products.
Specifically, the proposed rule, if finalized, for standardized cheeses
and related cheese products, would (1) Amend the definitions of
``milk'' and ``nonfat milk'' in Sec. 133.3 (21 CFR 133.3) to provide
for ultrafiltration of milk and nonfat milk; and (2) define
ultrafiltered milk and ultrafiltered nonfat milk in Sec. 133.3 as raw
or pasteurized milk or nonfat milk that is passed over one or more
semipermeable membranes to partially remove water, lactose, minerals,
and water-soluble vitamins without altering the casein-to-whey protein
ratio of the milk or nonfat milk and resulting in a liquid product. FDA
also proposed that the name of such treated milk be ``ultrafiltered
milk'' or ``ultrafiltered nonfat milk,'' as appropriate. Consequently,
when this type of milk is used, it would be declared in the ingredient
statement of the finished food as ``ultrafiltered milk'' or
``ultrafiltered nonfat milk.''
This proposal was issued in response to citizen petitions from the
American Dairy Products Institute and the National Cheese Institute,
the Grocery Manufacturers of America, Inc., and the National Food
Processors Association. Interested persons were originally given until
January 17, 2006, to comment. We subsequently reopened the comment
period to seek further comment on two specific issues raised by the
comments concerning the proposed ingredient declaration (72 FR 70251,
December 11, 2007); the reopened comment period was scheduled to end on
February 11, 2008. In the Federal Register of February 11, 2008 (73 FR
7692), we extended the comment period until April 11, 2008.
In the Federal Register of August 14, 2017 (82 FR 37815), we
announced the availability of a guidance for industry entitled
``Ultrafiltered Milk in the Production of Standardized Cheeses and
Related Cheese Products.'' In the guidance, we notified manufacturers
who wish to use UF milk or UF nonfat milk in the production of
standardized cheeses and related cheese products of our intent to
exercise enforcement discretion regarding the use of fluid UF milk and
fluid UF nonfat milk in the production of standardized cheeses and
related cheese products, provided that the physical, chemical, and
organoleptic properties of the cheese or cheese product are not
affected. We also stated our intent to exercise enforcement discretion
with respect to the labeling of fluid UF milk and fluid UF nonfat milk
in recognition of the costs and logistics involved in label changes;
however, we encouraged industry to identify these ingredients as
``ultrafiltered milk'' and ``ultrafiltered nonfat milk'' to the extent
feasible and appropriate. We further explained that we intend to
exercise enforcement discretion until we have completed a rulemaking
process amending our regulations with respect to the issues covered by
the guidance or announced our determination not to proceed with such a
rulemaking.
II. Additional Issues for Consideration
To inform our decision on whether to proceed with the rulemaking
initiated in the October 19, 2005, proposal, we seek new information
and public comment on current industry practices regarding the use of
fluid UF milk and fluid UF nonfat milk in the manufacture of
standardized cheeses and related cheese products, and the declaration
of fluid UF milk and fluid UF nonfat milk in the labeling of these
products when used as ingredients. Of particular interest, we seek
comment on the following questions:
1. We would like to understand whether there is variable use of
fluid UF milk or fluid UF nonfat milk in the production of standardized
cheeses and related cheese products. For example, if a company uses
fluid UF milk in the production of a standardized cheese, does the
amount of fluid UF milk remain constant, or does the amount vary
depending on certain factors (such as the cost of fluid UF milk)?
Please explain whether the amount of fluid UF milk or fluid UF nonfat
milk varies for specific standardized cheeses and related cheese
products and the factors that influence the variability. To maintain
the essential characteristics of the standardized cheese or cheese
product, is the amount of fluid UF milk or fluid UF nonfat milk limited
to a range (i.e., a minimum and maximum amount)? Please identify the
specific standardized cheese or cheese product and provide any ranges
or amounts and explain your reasoning.
2. (a) We invite comment on why manufacturers may sometimes produce
their particular brands of standardized cheeses and related cheese
products with fluid UF milk or fluid UF nonfat milk and sometimes
without fluid UF milk or fluid UF nonfat milk. Please explain your
reasoning.
(b) Given that manufacturers may sometimes choose to produce these
products with or without fluid UF milk or fluid UF nonfat milk, we are
interested in how ingredient labeling of these standardized cheeses and
related cheese products could be addressed.
Our understanding is that fluid UF milk and fluid UF nonfat milk,
when used as ingredients in cheese, are always used in lesser amounts
by weight than milk and nonfat milk in order to avoid affecting the
physical, chemical, and organoleptic properties of the cheese. For
example, a manufacturer might use milk and fluid UF milk, but our
understanding is that the amount of fluid UF milk will be less than
that of milk. As such, milk would be the predominant ingredient and
declared first in the ingredient statement, per FDA's regulations that
require ingredients to be declared by their common or usual names in
descending order of predominance by weight (21 CFR 101.4(a)). Fluid UF
milk, if used, would be declared thereafter.
Based on our understanding, we are considering whether, when fluid
UF milk and fluid UF nonfat milk are sometimes used as ingredients, the
labeling of standardized cheeses and cheese products may alternatively
declare ``milk or milk and ultrafiltered
[[Page 71836]]
milk'' or ``nonfat milk or nonfat milk and ultrafiltered nonfat milk''
in the ingredient statements. We invite comment on this consideration
and whether such declarations would indicate that fluid UF milk or
fluid UF nonfat milk may be an ingredient, but not as predominant as
milk or nonfat milk, and also enable manufacturers to avoid relabeling
costs if they use varying amounts of fluid UF milk or fluid UF nonfat
milk. Please discuss whether such declarations would be informative
(or, conversely, potentially misleading to consumers) and please
explain your reasoning.
3. We also are interested in issues related to the costs of
printing different product labels and the logistics involved in label
changes when fluid UF milk and fluid UF nonfat milk are sometimes used
as ingredients in the production of a manufacturer's standardized
cheese or cheese product. For example, what impacts, if any, would a
label statement of ``milk or milk and ultrafiltered milk'' or ``nonfat
milk or nonfat milk and ultrafiltered nonfat milk'' have on labeling
costs? How would these costs compare if fluid UF milk and fluid UF
nonfat milk are declared only when used in the standardized cheese or
cheese product? Please explain your reasoning.
4. Ultrafiltered milk is being used in a greater number of food
products than in the past. There are dairy products in the marketplace,
which appear to have gained consumer acceptance, where ``ultrafiltered
milk'' has appeared in the statement of identity or declared in the
ingredient statement on the product label. Are there any situations
where retailers or consumers would not purchase standardized cheeses or
cheese products labeled as containing ``ultrafiltered milk'' as an
ingredient? Please describe such situations and provide any recent
consumer data or market analyses you may have to explain your
reasoning.
Dated: December 19, 2019.
Lowell J. Schiller,
Principal Associate Commissioner for Policy.
[FR Doc. 2019-28145 Filed 12-27-19; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4164-01-P