Special Conditions: DAHER Aerospace Model TBM700 Airplanes; Autothrust System, 45649-45651 [2019-18814]
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Federal Register / Vol. 84, No. 169 / Friday, August 30, 2019 / Rules and Regulations
public inspection, as second copy for
use in AMS, and a third copy for use in
the Office of the General Counsel,
USDA). All three copies must be
received in the headquarters of the
Packers and Stockyards Division,
Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS),
USDA, Washington, DC 20250.
*
*
*
*
*
PART 206—SWINE CONTRACT
LIBRARY
52. The authority citation for part 206
continues to read:
■
Authority: 7 U.S.C. 198–198b; 7 U.S.C.
222.
53. In part 206, wherever it occurs:
a. Remove the term ‘‘GIPSA’’ and add
in its place ‘‘PSD’’;
■ b. Remove the words ‘‘GIPSA website
(https://gipsa.usda.gov)’’ and add in their
place ‘‘AMS website (https://
ams.usda.gov)’’; and
■ c. Remove the term ‘‘USDA GIPSA,’’
and add in its place ‘‘USDA, AMS,
PSD’’.
■
■
§ 206.2
[Amended]
54. Amend § 206.2, in paragraph (b),
by removing the words ‘‘Grain
Inspection, Packers and Stockyards
Administration (GIPSA)’’ and adding in
their place ‘‘Packers and Stockyards
Division (PSD)’’.
■
Dated: August 20, 2019.
Greg Ibach,
Under Secretary, Marketing and Regulatory
Programs.
[FR Doc. 2019–18201 Filed 8–29–19; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3410–02–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 23
[Docket No. FAA–2019–0649; Special
Conditions No. 23–296–SC]
Special Conditions: DAHER Aerospace
Model TBM700 Airplanes; Autothrust
System
Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final special conditions; request
for comments.
AGENCY:
These special conditions are
issued for the DAHER Aerospace Model
TBM700 airplane. This airplane will
have a novel or unusual design feature
associated with the use of an autothrust
system. The applicable airworthiness
regulations do not contain adequate or
appropriate safety standards for this
jspears on DSK3GMQ082PROD with RULES
SUMMARY:
VerDate Sep<11>2014
15:51 Aug 29, 2019
Jkt 247001
design feature. These special conditions
contain the additional safety standards
the Administrator considers necessary
to establish a level of safety equivalent
to that established by the existing
airworthiness standards.
DATES: The effective date of these
special conditions is August 30, 2019.
The FAA must receive your
comments by September 30, 2019.
ADDRESSES: Send comments identified
by docket number FAA–2019–0649
using any of the following methods:
b Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to
https://www.regulations.gov and follow
the online instructions for sending your
comments electronically.
b Mail: Send comments to Docket
Operations, M–30, U.S. Department of
Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE, Room W12–140, West
Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC
20590–0001.
b Hand Delivery of Courier: Take
comments to Docket Operations in
Room W12–140 of the West Building
Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE, Washington, DC, between 9
a.m., and 5 p.m., Monday through
Friday, except Federal holidays.
b Fax: Fax comments to Docket
Operations at 202–493–2251.
Privacy: The FAA will post all
comments it receives, without change,
to https://regulations.gov, including any
personal information the commenter
provides. Using the search function of
the docket website, anyone can find and
read the electronic form of all comments
received into any FAA docket,
including the name of the individual
sending the comment (or signing the
comment for an association, business,
labor union, etc.). DOT’s complete
Privacy Act Statement can be found in
the Federal Register published on April
11, 2000 (65 FR 19477–19478), as well
as at https://DocketsInfo.dot.gov.
Docket: Background documents or
comments received may be read at
https://www.regulations.gov at any time.
Follow the online instructions for
accessing the docket or go to the Docket
Operations in Room W12–140 of the
West Building Ground Floor at 1200
New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington,
DC, between 9 a.m., and 5 p.m., Monday
through Friday, except Federal holidays.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jeff
Pretz, AIR–691, Small Airplane
Standards Branch, Policy and
Innovation Division, Aircraft
Certification Service, Federal Aviation
Administration, 901 Locust, Room 301,
Kansas City, MO 64106; telephone (816)
329–3239; facsimile (816) 329–4090.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
PO 00000
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Fmt 4700
Sfmt 4700
45649
Reason for No Prior Notice and
Comment Before Adoption
The FAA has determined, in
accordance with 5 U.S. Code
§§ 553(b)(3)(B) and 553(d)(3), that notice
and opportunity for prior public
comment hereon are unnecessary
because substantially identical special
conditions have been subject to the
public comment process in several prior
instances such that the FAA is satisfied
that new comments are unlikely. For the
same reason, the FAA finds that good
cause exists for making these special
conditions effective upon issuance. The
FAA is requesting comments to allow
interested persons to submit views that
may not have been submitted in
response to the prior opportunities for
comment.
Special conditions No.
Company/airplane model
23–291–SC 1 ..
Innovation Solutions & Support, Inc.; Textron Aviation, Inc./Model B200.
Pilatus Aircraft Ltd./Model
PC–24.
Cirrus Aircraft Corporation/
Model SF–50.
23–283–SC 2 ..
23–272–SC 3 ..
Comments Invited
The FAA invites interested people to
take part in this rulemaking by sending
written comments, data, or views. The
most helpful comments reference a
specific portion of the special
conditions, explain the reason for any
recommended change, and include
supporting data. The FAA asks that you
send two copies of written comments.
The FAA will consider all comments
received on or before the closing date
for comments. The FAA will consider
comments filed late if it is possible to
do so without incurring expense or
delay. The FAA may change these
special conditions based on the
comments received.
Background
On March 28th, 2018, DAHER
Aerospace (DAHER) applied for FAA
validation of its change to Type
Certificate No. A60EU 4 for installation
of an autothrust system (ATS), also
known as an autothrottle system, in the
Model TBM700 airplane. The Model
TBM700 is a normal category, metallic,
pressurized, low-wing, monoplane that
seats up to 5 passengers and two
flightcrew. A single Pratt & Whitney
1 https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2018-28116.
2 https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2017-14938.
3 https://federalregister.gov/a/2015-31058.
4 https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_
Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/B777E11E03DD396
C862583AE006215E4?OpenDocument.
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30AUR1
45650
Federal Register / Vol. 84, No. 169 / Friday, August 30, 2019 / Rules and Regulations
PT6A turboprop engine driving a five
bladed variable pitch constant speed
Hartzell propeller powers the airplane.
The airplane has retractable tricycle
landing gear, a Garmin G3000 avionics
suite, and a maximum takeoff weight of
7,394 pounds.
The installation of an ATS in the
Model TBM700 is intended to reduce
pilot workload. The ATS is useable in
all phases from takeoff to approach. The
system includes torque and airspeed
management capability along with
monitors to prevent the system from
exceeding critical engine or airspeed
limits. Throttle movement is provided
by a servo, which moves the throttle
lever. The servo can be overridden by
pilot movement of the throttle and
disengages upon selection of the A/T
disconnect switch on the throttle.
Section 23.1329, amendment 23–49,
only contained requirements for
automatic pilot systems that act on the
airplane flight controls. Autothrust
systems are automatic systems that act
on the thrust controls. These systems
provide enhanced automation and
safety, but may also introduce pilot
confusion, countering the safety benefit.
14 CFR 25.1329, amendment 25–119,
addresses these concerns for transport
airplanes. Therefore, these special
conditions are based on § 25.1329 and
provide additional requirements to
standardize the pilot interface and
system behavior and enhance pilot
awareness of system active and armed
modes.
jspears on DSK3GMQ082PROD with RULES
Type Certification Basis
Under the provisions of 14 CFR
21.101, DAHER must show that the
Model TBM700 airplane, as changed,
continues to meet the applicable
provisions of the regulations
incorporated by reference in Type
Certificate No. A60EU or the applicable
regulations in effect on the date of
application for the change. The
regulations incorporated by reference in
the type certificate are commonly
referred to as the ‘‘original type
certification basis.’’ Refer to Type
Certificate Data Sheet No. A60EU for the
complete certification basis.
If the Administrator finds that the
applicable airworthiness regulations in
part 23 do not contain adequate or
appropriate safety standards for the
Model TBM700 airplane because of a
novel or unusual design feature, special
conditions are prescribed under the
provisions of § 21.16.
The FAA issues special conditions, as
defined in § 11.19, under § 11.38 and
they become part of the type
certification basis under § 21.101.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
15:51 Aug 29, 2019
Jkt 247001
Special conditions are initially
applicable to the model for which they
are issued. Should the type certificate
for that model be amended later to
include any other model that
incorporates the same novel or unusual
design feature, or should any other
model already included on the same
type certificate be modified to
incorporate the same novel or unusual
design feature, the FAA would apply
these special conditions to the other
model.
In addition to the applicable
airworthiness regulations and special
conditions, the Model TBM700 must
comply with the fuel vent and exhaust
emission requirements of 14 CFR part
34 and the noise certification
requirements of 14 CFR part 36; and the
FAA must issue a finding of regulatory
adequacy under § 611 of Public Law 92–
574, the ‘‘Noise Control Act of 1972.’’
Novel or Unusual Design Features
The Model TBM700 airplane will
incorporate the following novel or
unusual design features:
An ATS, which provides commands
to a servo attached to the throttle lever
that automatically controls engine
thrust. The ATS can be operated to
control torque or airspeed.
Discussion
The part 23 airworthiness regulations
in the type certification basis do not
contain appropriate safety standards for
this design feature. However, part 25
regulations contain appropriate
airworthiness standards; therefore, these
special conditions are derived from 14
CFR 25.1329, ‘‘Flight guidance system,’’
applicable to autothrust systems.
Applicability
These special conditions are
applicable to the Model TBM700
airplane. Should DAHER apply at a later
date for a change to the type certificate
to include another model incorporating
the same novel or unusual design
feature, the FAA would apply these
special conditions to that model as well.
Conclusion
This action affects only a certain
novel or unusual design feature on the
Model TBM700 airplane. It is not a rule
of general applicability.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 23
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Signs and
symbols.
Citation
The authority citation for these
special conditions is as follows:
PO 00000
Frm 00024
Fmt 4700
Sfmt 4700
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113,
44701–44702; Pub. L. 113–53, 127 Stat 584
(49 U.S.C. 44704) note.
The Special Conditions
Accordingly, pursuant to the
authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the following special
conditions are issued as part of the type
certification basis for DAHER Aerospace
Model TBM700 airplanes.
Autothrust System
In addition to the requirements of
§§ 23.143, 23.1309, and 23.1329, the
following apply:
(a) Quick disengagement controls for
the autothrust function must be
provided for each pilot. The autothrust
quick disengagement controls must be
located on the thrust control levers.
Quick disengagement controls must be
readily accessible to each pilot while
operating the thrust control levers.
(b) The effects of a failure of the
system to disengage the autothrust
function when manually commanded by
the pilot must be assessed in accordance
with the requirements of § 23.1309.
(c) Engagement or switching of the
flight guidance system, a mode, or a
sensor may not cause the autothrust
system to affect a transient response that
alters the airplane’s flight path any
greater than a minor transient, as
defined in paragraph (l)(1) of these
special conditions.
(d) Under normal conditions, the
disengagement of any automatic control
function of a flight guidance system may
not cause a transient response of the
airplane’s flight path any greater than a
minor transient.
(e) Under rare normal and non-normal
conditions, disengagement of any
automatic control function of a flight
guidance system may not result in a
transient any greater than a significant
transient, as defined in paragraph (l)(2)
of these special conditions.
(f) The function and direction of
motion of each command reference
control, such as heading select or
vertical speed, must be plainly
indicated on—or adjacent to—each
control if necessary to prevent
inappropriate use or confusion.
(g) Under any condition of flight
appropriate to its use, the flight
guidance system may not produce
hazardous loads on the airplane, nor
create hazardous deviations in the flight
path. This applies to both fault-free
operation and in the event of a
malfunction, and assumes that the pilot
begins corrective action within a
reasonable period of time.
(h) When the flight guidance system
is in use, a means must be provided to
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Federal Register / Vol. 84, No. 169 / Friday, August 30, 2019 / Rules and Regulations
avoid excursions beyond an acceptable
margin from the speed range of the
normal flight envelope. If the airplane
experiences an excursion outside this
range, a means must be provided to
prevent the flight guidance system from
providing guidance or control to an
unsafe speed.
(i) The flight guidance system
functions, controls, indications, and
alerts must be designed to minimize
flightcrew errors and confusion
concerning the behavior and operation
of the flight guidance system. Means
must be provided to indicate the current
mode of operation, including any armed
modes, transitions, and reversions.
Selector switch position is not an
acceptable means of indication. The
controls and indications must be
grouped and presented in a logical and
consistent manner. The indications
must be visible to each pilot under all
expected lighting conditions.
(j) Following disengagement of the
autothrust function, a caution must be
provided to each pilot.
(k) During autothrust operation, it
must be possible for the flightcrew to
move the thrust levers without requiring
excessive force. The autothrust may not
create a potential hazard when the
flightcrew applies an override force to
the thrust levers.
(l) For purposes of these special
conditions, a transient is a disturbance
in the control or flight path of the
airplane that is not consistent with
response to flightcrew inputs or
environmental conditions.
(1) A minor transient would not
significantly reduce safety margins and
would involve flightcrew actions that
are well within their capabilities. A
minor transient may involve a slight
increase in flightcrew workload or some
physical discomfort to passengers or
cabin crew.
(2) A significant transient may lead to
a significant reduction in safety
margins, an increase in flightcrew
workload, discomfort to the flightcrew,
or physical distress to the passengers or
cabin crew, possibly including non-fatal
injuries. Significant transients do not
require, in order to remain within or
recover to the normal flight envelope,
any of the following:
(i) Exceptional piloting skill,
alertness, or strength.
(ii) Forces applied by the pilot which
are greater than those specified in
§ 23.143(c).
(iii) Accelerations or attitudes in the
airplane that might result in further
hazard to secured or non-secured
occupants.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
15:51 Aug 29, 2019
Jkt 247001
Issued in Kansas City, Missouri, on August
21, 2019.
Pat Mullen,
Manager, Small Airplane Standards Branch,
Policy and Innovation Division, Aircraft
Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2019–18814 Filed 8–29–19; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 71
[Docket No. FAA–2019–0627; Amendment
No. 71–51]
RIN 2120–AA66
Airspace Designations; Incorporation
by Reference
Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final rule.
AGENCY:
This action amends Title 14
Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR)
part 71 relating to airspace designations
to reflect the approval by the Director of
the Federal Register of the incorporation
by reference of FAA Order 7400.11D,
Airspace Designations and Reporting
Points. This action also explains the
procedures the FAA will use to amend
the listings of Class A, B, C, D, and E
airspace areas; air traffic service routes;
and reporting points incorporated by
reference.
DATES: These regulations are effective
September 15, 2019, through September
15, 2020. The incorporation by reference
of FAA Order 7400.11D is approved by
the Director of the Federal Register as of
September 15, 2019, through September
15, 2020.
ADDRESSES: FAA Order 7400.11D,
Airspace Designations and Reporting
Points, and subsequent amendments can
be viewed on line at https://
www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/.
For further information, you can contact
the Airspace Policy Group, Federal
Aviation Administration, 800
Independence Avenue SW, Washington,
DC 20591; telephone: (202) 267–8783.
The Order is also available for
inspection at the National Archives and
Records Administration (NARA). For
information on the availability of FAA
Order 7400.11D at NARA, email
fedreg.legal@nara.gov or go to https://
www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/
ibr-locations.html.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Sarah A. Combs, Airspace Policy Group,
Office of Airspace Services, Federal
Aviation Administration, 800
SUMMARY:
PO 00000
Frm 00025
Fmt 4700
Sfmt 4700
45651
Independence Avenue SW, Washington,
DC 20591; telephone: (202) 267–8783.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
History
FAA Order 7400.11C, Airspace
Designations and Reporting Points,
effective September 15, 2018, listed
Class A, B, C, D and E airspace areas;
air traffic service routes; and reporting
points. Due to the length of these
descriptions, the FAA requested
approval from the Office of the Federal
Register to incorporate the material by
reference in the Federal Aviation
Regulations section 71.1, effective
September 15, 2018, through September
15, 2019. During the incorporation by
reference period, the FAA processed all
proposed changes of the airspace
listings in FAA Order 7400.11C in full
text as proposed rule documents in the
Federal Register. Likewise, all
amendments of these listings were
published in full text as final rules in
the Federal Register. This rule reflects
the periodic integration of these final
rule amendments into a revised edition
of Order 7400.11D, Airspace
Designations and Reporting Points. The
Director of the Federal Register has
approved the incorporation by reference
of FAA Order 7400.11D in section 71.1,
as of September 15, 2019, through
September 15, 2020. This rule also
explains the procedures the FAA will
use to amend the airspace designations
incorporated by reference in part 71.
Sections 71.5, 71.15, 71.31, 71.33, 71.41,
71.51, 71.61, 71.71, and 71.901 are also
updated to reflect the incorporation by
reference of FAA Order 7400.11D.
Availability and Summary of
Documents for Incorporation by
Reference
This document incorporates by
reference FAA Order 7400.11D,
Airspace Designations and Reporting
Points, dated August 8, 2019, and
effective September 15, 2019, in section
71.1. FAA Order 7400.11D is publicly
available as listed in the ADDRESSES
section of this final rule. FAA Order
7400.11D lists Class A, B, C, D, and E
airspace areas, air traffic service routes,
and reporting points.
The Rule
This action amends Title 14 Code of
Federal Regulations (14 CFR) part 71 to
reflect the approval by the Director of
the Federal Register of the incorporation
by reference of FAA Order 7400.11D,
effective September 15, 2019, through
September 15, 2020. During the
incorporation by reference period, the
FAA will continue to process all
proposed changes of the airspace
E:\FR\FM\30AUR1.SGM
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 84, Number 169 (Friday, August 30, 2019)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 45649-45651]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2019-18814]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 23
[Docket No. FAA-2019-0649; Special Conditions No. 23-296-SC]
Special Conditions: DAHER Aerospace Model TBM700 Airplanes;
Autothrust System
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final special conditions; request for comments.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: These special conditions are issued for the DAHER Aerospace
Model TBM700 airplane. This airplane will have a novel or unusual
design feature associated with the use of an autothrust system. The
applicable airworthiness regulations do not contain adequate or
appropriate safety standards for this design feature. These special
conditions contain the additional safety standards the Administrator
considers necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that
established by the existing airworthiness standards.
DATES: The effective date of these special conditions is August 30,
2019.
The FAA must receive your comments by September 30, 2019.
ADDRESSES: Send comments identified by docket number FAA-2019-0649
using any of the following methods:
[squ] Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to https://www.regulations.gov
and follow the online instructions for sending your comments
electronically.
[squ] Mail: Send comments to Docket Operations, M-30, U.S.
Department of Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Room
W12-140, West Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC 20590-0001.
[squ] Hand Delivery of Courier: Take comments to Docket Operations
in Room W12-140 of the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE, Washington, DC, between 9 a.m., and 5 p.m., Monday through
Friday, except Federal holidays.
[squ] Fax: Fax comments to Docket Operations at 202-493-2251.
Privacy: The FAA will post all comments it receives, without
change, to https://regulations.gov, including any personal information
the commenter provides. Using the search function of the docket
website, anyone can find and read the electronic form of all comments
received into any FAA docket, including the name of the individual
sending the comment (or signing the comment for an association,
business, labor union, etc.). DOT's complete Privacy Act Statement can
be found in the Federal Register published on April 11, 2000 (65 FR
19477-19478), as well as at https://DocketsInfo.dot.gov.
Docket: Background documents or comments received may be read at
https://www.regulations.gov at any time. Follow the online instructions
for accessing the docket or go to the Docket Operations in Room W12-140
of the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE,
Washington, DC, between 9 a.m., and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday,
except Federal holidays.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jeff Pretz, AIR-691, Small Airplane
Standards Branch, Policy and Innovation Division, Aircraft
Certification Service, Federal Aviation Administration, 901 Locust,
Room 301, Kansas City, MO 64106; telephone (816) 329-3239; facsimile
(816) 329-4090.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Reason for No Prior Notice and Comment Before Adoption
The FAA has determined, in accordance with 5 U.S. Code Sec. Sec.
553(b)(3)(B) and 553(d)(3), that notice and opportunity for prior
public comment hereon are unnecessary because substantially identical
special conditions have been subject to the public comment process in
several prior instances such that the FAA is satisfied that new
comments are unlikely. For the same reason, the FAA finds that good
cause exists for making these special conditions effective upon
issuance. The FAA is requesting comments to allow interested persons to
submit views that may not have been submitted in response to the prior
opportunities for comment.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Special conditions No. Company/airplane model
------------------------------------------------------------------------
23-291-SC \1\..................... Innovation Solutions & Support,
Inc.; Textron Aviation, Inc./Model
B200.
23-283-SC \2\..................... Pilatus Aircraft Ltd./Model PC-24.
23-272-SC \3\..................... Cirrus Aircraft Corporation/Model SF-
50.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comments Invited
The FAA invites interested people to take part in this rulemaking
by sending written comments, data, or views. The most helpful comments
reference a specific portion of the special conditions, explain the
reason for any recommended change, and include supporting data. The FAA
asks that you send two copies of written comments.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2018-28116.
\2\ https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2017-14938.
\3\ https://federalregister.gov/a/2015-31058.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The FAA will consider all comments received on or before the
closing date for comments. The FAA will consider comments filed late if
it is possible to do so without incurring expense or delay. The FAA may
change these special conditions based on the comments received.
Background
On March 28th, 2018, DAHER Aerospace (DAHER) applied for FAA
validation of its change to Type Certificate No. A60EU \4\ for
installation of an autothrust system (ATS), also known as an
autothrottle system, in the Model TBM700 airplane. The Model TBM700 is
a normal category, metallic, pressurized, low-wing, monoplane that
seats up to 5 passengers and two flightcrew. A single Pratt & Whitney
[[Page 45650]]
PT6A turboprop engine driving a five bladed variable pitch constant
speed Hartzell propeller powers the airplane. The airplane has
retractable tricycle landing gear, a Garmin G3000 avionics suite, and a
maximum takeoff weight of 7,394 pounds.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\4\ https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/B777E11E03DD396C862583AE006215E4?OpenDocument.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The installation of an ATS in the Model TBM700 is intended to
reduce pilot workload. The ATS is useable in all phases from takeoff to
approach. The system includes torque and airspeed management capability
along with monitors to prevent the system from exceeding critical
engine or airspeed limits. Throttle movement is provided by a servo,
which moves the throttle lever. The servo can be overridden by pilot
movement of the throttle and disengages upon selection of the A/T
disconnect switch on the throttle.
Section 23.1329, amendment 23-49, only contained requirements for
automatic pilot systems that act on the airplane flight controls.
Autothrust systems are automatic systems that act on the thrust
controls. These systems provide enhanced automation and safety, but may
also introduce pilot confusion, countering the safety benefit. 14 CFR
25.1329, amendment 25-119, addresses these concerns for transport
airplanes. Therefore, these special conditions are based on Sec.
25.1329 and provide additional requirements to standardize the pilot
interface and system behavior and enhance pilot awareness of system
active and armed modes.
Type Certification Basis
Under the provisions of 14 CFR 21.101, DAHER must show that the
Model TBM700 airplane, as changed, continues to meet the applicable
provisions of the regulations incorporated by reference in Type
Certificate No. A60EU or the applicable regulations in effect on the
date of application for the change. The regulations incorporated by
reference in the type certificate are commonly referred to as the
``original type certification basis.'' Refer to Type Certificate Data
Sheet No. A60EU for the complete certification basis.
If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness
regulations in part 23 do not contain adequate or appropriate safety
standards for the Model TBM700 airplane because of a novel or unusual
design feature, special conditions are prescribed under the provisions
of Sec. 21.16.
The FAA issues special conditions, as defined in Sec. 11.19, under
Sec. 11.38 and they become part of the type certification basis under
Sec. 21.101.
Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which
they are issued. Should the type certificate for that model be amended
later to include any other model that incorporates the same novel or
unusual design feature, or should any other model already included on
the same type certificate be modified to incorporate the same novel or
unusual design feature, the FAA would apply these special conditions to
the other model.
In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special
conditions, the Model TBM700 must comply with the fuel vent and exhaust
emission requirements of 14 CFR part 34 and the noise certification
requirements of 14 CFR part 36; and the FAA must issue a finding of
regulatory adequacy under Sec. 611 of Public Law 92-574, the ``Noise
Control Act of 1972.''
Novel or Unusual Design Features
The Model TBM700 airplane will incorporate the following novel or
unusual design features:
An ATS, which provides commands to a servo attached to the throttle
lever that automatically controls engine thrust. The ATS can be
operated to control torque or airspeed.
Discussion
The part 23 airworthiness regulations in the type certification
basis do not contain appropriate safety standards for this design
feature. However, part 25 regulations contain appropriate airworthiness
standards; therefore, these special conditions are derived from 14 CFR
25.1329, ``Flight guidance system,'' applicable to autothrust systems.
Applicability
These special conditions are applicable to the Model TBM700
airplane. Should DAHER apply at a later date for a change to the type
certificate to include another model incorporating the same novel or
unusual design feature, the FAA would apply these special conditions to
that model as well.
Conclusion
This action affects only a certain novel or unusual design feature
on the Model TBM700 airplane. It is not a rule of general
applicability.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 23
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Signs and symbols.
Citation
The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113, 44701-44702; Pub. L.
113-53, 127 Stat 584 (49 U.S.C. 44704) note.
The Special Conditions
Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the following special conditions are issued as part of
the type certification basis for DAHER Aerospace Model TBM700
airplanes.
Autothrust System
In addition to the requirements of Sec. Sec. 23.143, 23.1309, and
23.1329, the following apply:
(a) Quick disengagement controls for the autothrust function must
be provided for each pilot. The autothrust quick disengagement controls
must be located on the thrust control levers. Quick disengagement
controls must be readily accessible to each pilot while operating the
thrust control levers.
(b) The effects of a failure of the system to disengage the
autothrust function when manually commanded by the pilot must be
assessed in accordance with the requirements of Sec. 23.1309.
(c) Engagement or switching of the flight guidance system, a mode,
or a sensor may not cause the autothrust system to affect a transient
response that alters the airplane's flight path any greater than a
minor transient, as defined in paragraph (l)(1) of these special
conditions.
(d) Under normal conditions, the disengagement of any automatic
control function of a flight guidance system may not cause a transient
response of the airplane's flight path any greater than a minor
transient.
(e) Under rare normal and non-normal conditions, disengagement of
any automatic control function of a flight guidance system may not
result in a transient any greater than a significant transient, as
defined in paragraph (l)(2) of these special conditions.
(f) The function and direction of motion of each command reference
control, such as heading select or vertical speed, must be plainly
indicated on--or adjacent to--each control if necessary to prevent
inappropriate use or confusion.
(g) Under any condition of flight appropriate to its use, the
flight guidance system may not produce hazardous loads on the airplane,
nor create hazardous deviations in the flight path. This applies to
both fault-free operation and in the event of a malfunction, and
assumes that the pilot begins corrective action within a reasonable
period of time.
(h) When the flight guidance system is in use, a means must be
provided to
[[Page 45651]]
avoid excursions beyond an acceptable margin from the speed range of
the normal flight envelope. If the airplane experiences an excursion
outside this range, a means must be provided to prevent the flight
guidance system from providing guidance or control to an unsafe speed.
(i) The flight guidance system functions, controls, indications,
and alerts must be designed to minimize flightcrew errors and confusion
concerning the behavior and operation of the flight guidance system.
Means must be provided to indicate the current mode of operation,
including any armed modes, transitions, and reversions. Selector switch
position is not an acceptable means of indication. The controls and
indications must be grouped and presented in a logical and consistent
manner. The indications must be visible to each pilot under all
expected lighting conditions.
(j) Following disengagement of the autothrust function, a caution
must be provided to each pilot.
(k) During autothrust operation, it must be possible for the
flightcrew to move the thrust levers without requiring excessive force.
The autothrust may not create a potential hazard when the flightcrew
applies an override force to the thrust levers.
(l) For purposes of these special conditions, a transient is a
disturbance in the control or flight path of the airplane that is not
consistent with response to flightcrew inputs or environmental
conditions.
(1) A minor transient would not significantly reduce safety margins
and would involve flightcrew actions that are well within their
capabilities. A minor transient may involve a slight increase in
flightcrew workload or some physical discomfort to passengers or cabin
crew.
(2) A significant transient may lead to a significant reduction in
safety margins, an increase in flightcrew workload, discomfort to the
flightcrew, or physical distress to the passengers or cabin crew,
possibly including non-fatal injuries. Significant transients do not
require, in order to remain within or recover to the normal flight
envelope, any of the following:
(i) Exceptional piloting skill, alertness, or strength.
(ii) Forces applied by the pilot which are greater than those
specified in Sec. 23.143(c).
(iii) Accelerations or attitudes in the airplane that might result
in further hazard to secured or non-secured occupants.
Issued in Kansas City, Missouri, on August 21, 2019.
Pat Mullen,
Manager, Small Airplane Standards Branch, Policy and Innovation
Division, Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2019-18814 Filed 8-29-19; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P