In the Matter of: Pouran Aazad, a.k.a. Pouran Azad, a.k.a. Pourandokt Aazad, a.k.a Pourandokt Azad, 27333 Ursula Lane, Los Altos Hills, CA 94022; Sadr Emad-Vaez, a.k.a. Seid Sadredin Emad Vaez 27333 Ursula Lane, Los Altos Hills, CA 94022; Ghareh Sabz Co., a.k.a. Ghare Sabz Co., a.k.a. GHS Technology, No. 446 Farjam St., Resalat Square, Tehran, Iran and No. 25, East Farjam Ave., Resalat Square, Tehran, Iran, Respondents; Order Relating to Pouran Aazad, Sadr Emad-Vaez and Ghareh Sabz Co., 33913-33915 [2019-15055]
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Federal Register / Vol. 84, No. 136 / Tuesday, July 16, 2019 / Notices
received pursuant to section 251 of the
Trade Act of 1974, as amended.
Please follow the requirements set
forth in EDA’s regulations at 13 CFR
315.9 for procedures to request a public
hearing. The Catalog of Federal
Domestic Assistance official number
and title for the program under which
these petitions are submitted is 11.313,
Trade Adjustment Assistance for Firms.
through the issuance of a Charging
Letter to Respondents that alleges that
Respondents have violated the
Regulations.2 Aazad and Emad-Vaez are
Iranian nationals and naturalized
citizens of the United States, with last
known addresses in Los Altos Hills,
California; Ghareh Sabz Co. is an Iranian
company, with last known addresses in
Tehran, Iran. Specifically, the charge is:
Irette Patterson,
Program Analyst.
Charge 1 15 CFR 764.2(d)—
Conspiracy To Export an Item From the
United States to Iran Without the
Required U.S. Government
Authorization
[FR Doc. 2019–15010 Filed 7–15–19; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510–WH–P
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Bureau of Industry and Security
[Docket Number: 18–BIS–0001]
In the Matter of: Pouran Aazad, a.k.a.
Pouran Azad, a.k.a. Pourandokt Aazad,
a.k.a Pourandokt Azad, 27333 Ursula
Lane, Los Altos Hills, CA 94022; Sadr
Emad-Vaez, a.k.a. Seid Sadredin Emad
Vaez 27333 Ursula Lane, Los Altos
Hills, CA 94022; Ghareh Sabz Co.,
a.k.a. Ghare Sabz Co., a.k.a. GHS
Technology, No. 446 Farjam St.,
Resalat Square, Tehran, Iran and No.
25, East Farjam Ave., Resalat Square,
Tehran, Iran, Respondents; Order
Relating to Pouran Aazad, Sadr EmadVaez and Ghareh Sabz Co.
jspears on DSK30JT082PROD with NOTICES
The Bureau of Industry and Security,
U.S. Department of Commerce (‘‘BIS’’),
has notified Pouran Aazad, a.k.a. Pouran
Azad, a.k.a. Pourandokt Aazad, a.k.a.
Pourandokt Azad (‘‘Aazad’’), Sadr
Emad-Vaez, a.k.a. Seid Sadredin Emad
Vaez (‘‘Emad-Vaez’’), and Ghareh Sabz
Co., a.k.a. Ghare Sabz Co., a.k.a. GHS
Technology (‘‘Ghareh Sabz Co.’’)
(collectively ‘‘Respondents’’) that it has
initiated an administrative proceeding
against them pursuant to Section 766.3
of the Export Administration
Regulations (the ‘‘Regulations’’),1
1 The Regulations originally issued under the
Export Administration Act of 1979, as amended, 50
U.S.C. 4601–4623 (Supp. III 2015) (‘‘the EAA’’),
which lapsed on August 21, 2001. The President,
through Executive Order 13,222 of August 17, 2001
(3 CFR, 2001 Comp. 783 (2002)), which has been
extended by successive Presidential Notices, the
most recent being that of August 8, 2018 (83 FR
39,871 (Aug. 13, 2018)), continued the Regulations
in full force and effect under the International
Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. 1701,
et seq. (2012) (‘‘IEEPA’’). On August 13, 2018, the
President signed into law the John S. McCain
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
2019, which includes the Export Control Reform
Act of 2018, Title XVII, Subtitle B of Public Law
115–232, 132 Stat. 2208 (‘‘ECRA’’). While Section
1766 of ECRA repeals the provisions of the EAA
(except for three sections which are inapplicable
here), Section 1768 of ECRA provides, in pertinent
part, that all rules, regulations, orders, and other
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17:33 Jul 15, 2019
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1. Beginning as early as in or around
November 2012, and continuing at least
until on or about April 26, 2013, Aazad,
Emad-Vaez, and Ghareh Sabz Co.
conspired and acted in concert with
others, known and unknown, to violate
the Regulations and to bring about an
act or acts that constitute a violation of
the Regulations. The purpose of the
conspiracy was to evade the longstanding and well-known U.S. embargo
against Iran by purchasing a U.S.-origin
micro-drill press for export to Iran and
causing the export of this item to Iran,
via transshipment through the United
Arab Emirates (‘‘UAE’’), without the
required U.S. Government
authorization.
2. Based upon information and belief,
Aazad and Emad-Vaez were at all times
pertinent hereto Iranian nationals and
naturalized citizens of the United States
who lived variously in both Tehran, Iran
and Northern California. Aazad held
herself out as the Chief Financial Officer
of Ghareh Sabz Co., while Emad-Vaez
described himself as the company’s
founder and Chief Executive Officer.
3. The conspiracy led to the
unauthorized attempted export of a
highly-accurate micro drill press with a
video edge finder, process inspection
camera, and spray mister system from
the United States to Iran, via
transshipment through the UAE. The
micro drill press is subject to the
forms of administrative action that were made or
issued under the EAA, including as continued in
effect pursuant to IEEPA, and were in effect as of
ECRA’s date of enactment (August 13, 2018), shall
continue in effect according to their terms until
modified, superseded, set aside, or revoked through
action undertaken pursuant to the authority
provided under ECRA.
2 The Regulations are currently codified in the
Code of Federal Regulations at 15 CFR parts 730–
774 (2019). The charged violation occurred in 2012
through 2013. The Regulations governing the
violation at issue are found in the 2012 through
2013 versions of the Code of Federal Regulations
(15 CFR parts 730–774 (2012–2013)). The 2019
Regulations set forth the procedures that apply to
this matter.
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33913
Regulations, designated as EAR99,3 and
valued at $15,199. This item also is
subject to the Iranian Transactions and
Sanctions Regulations (‘‘ITSR’’),
administered by the U.S. Department of
the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets
Control (‘‘OFAC’’).4
4. Section 746.7 of the Regulations
has long provided, including at all times
pertinent hereto, that no person may
engage in the export or reexport of any
item subject to both the Regulations and
the ITSR without authorization from
OFAC. 15 CFR 746.7 (2012–2013, 2018).
Section 560.204 of the ITR in turn has
long prohibited, including at all times
pertinent hereto, the unauthorized
export, reexport, sale or supply, directly
or indirectly, of any item from the
United States to Iran. This broad
prohibition includes the export,
reexport, sale, or supply of any item
from the United States to a third
country, such as the UAE, undertaken
with knowledge or reason to know that
the item was intended for supply,
transshipment, or reexportation, directly
or indirectly, to Iran. 31 CFR 560.204
(2012–2013).5
5. As further detailed below,
Respondents sought out a U.S.-origin
drill press for purchase and export to
Iran. On or about November 12, 2012, in
response to a request from Ghareh Sabz
Co., the U.S. manufacturer of the micro
drill press sent Ghareh Sabz Co. a price
quote for the micro drill press and its
parts and components. That same day,
the Ghareh Sabz Co. employee
forwarded the quote and specifications
to another Ghareh Sabz Co. employee
and to Aazad and Emad-Vaez, with the
message that ‘‘The forwarded
documents include a quotation for
Micro-Drill Machine!’’
6. On or about November 17, 2012, a
purchasing agent at Ghareh Sabz Co.
sent the U.S. manufacturer instructions
for the order along with requests for a
price discount and promises to send a
purchase order. The same purchasing
agent later sent the U.S. manufacturer a
purchase order, dated February 12,
2013, on Ghareh Sabz Co. letterhead.
The purchase order listed the drill press
3 EAR99 is a designation for items subject to the
Regulations but not listed on the Commerce Control
List. 15 CFR 734.3(c) (2012–2013).
4 See 31 CFR 560 (2012–2013). The ITSR were
known as the Iranian Transactions Regulations
(‘‘ITR’’) until October 22, 2012. By final rule
published and effective on that date, OFAC changed
the heading of 31 CFR part 560 from the ‘‘Iranian
Transactions Regulations’’ to the ‘‘Iranian
Transactions and Sanctions Regulations,’’ amended
the renamed ITSR, and reissued them in their
entirety. See 77 FR 64,664 (Oct. 22, 2012). 31 CFR
part 560 remained (and remains) the same in
pertinent part.
5 See note 4, supra.
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and related parts and components being
acquired, listed the U.S. manufacturer
as the supplier, and listed Ghareh Sabz.
Co. as the consignee. The purchase
order was approved and signed by
Aazad.
7. In furtherance of the conspiracy
and in an effort to avoid detection by
law enforcement, a Ghareh Sabz Co.
purchasing agent sent an email to the
U.S. manufacturer, on or about March 2,
2013, stating: ‘‘Since we are not able to
receive the cargo directly, please arrange
to send it to Dubai.’’ The purchasing
agent also provided the U.S.
manufacturer the address and contact
information for a shipping and
forwarding company in Dubai, UAE,
and added that this UAE shipping and
forwarding company should be listed as
the buyer ‘‘in all the documents
(invoice, packing list, certificate of
origin, Bill of lading)[.]’’ (Parenthetical
in original). On or about March 18,
2013, the Ghareh Sabz Co. purchasing
agent sent the U.S. manufacturer a
similar email, stating: ‘‘Since we can not
receive the cargo in Iran please send it
to Dubai . . . [p]lease note that [the
UAE] shipping and forwarding Co. is
the buyer in all the documents (invoice,
packing list, certificate of origin &
billing of lading) & you should send
complete documents to them so they
will be able to import the machine in
Dubai. Then they will export it to Iran.’’
(Parenthetical in original). On or about
that same date, Aazad and Emad-Vaez
received an email confirming a wire
transfer on behalf of Ghareh Sabz Co. to
the U.S. manufacturer in the amount of
$15,199.
8. On or about April 22, 2013, in
furtherance of the scheme to unlawfully
export the item to Iran through the UAE,
Ghareh Sabz Co. directed the U.S.
manufacturer to change shipping
documentation in order to list a UAE
general trading company as the
consignee so that the export could
proceed.
9. On or about April 26, 2013, BIS,
upon learning of the planned export,
ordered the item detained at a
warehouse outside San Francisco
International Airport. No authorization
to export the item had been sought or
obtained from OFAC.
10. In so doing, Respondents violated
Section 764.2(d) of the Regulations, for
which they are jointly and severally
liable.
Whereas, BIS and Respondents have
entered into a Settlement Agreement
pursuant to Section 766.18(b) of the
Regulations, whereby they agreed to
settle this matter in accordance with the
terms and conditions set forth therein;
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17:33 Jul 15, 2019
Jkt 247001
Whereas, I have approved of the terms
of such Settlement Agreement; and
Whereas, in doing so, I have taken
into consideration the plea agreements
that Respondents have entered into with
the United States Attorney’s Office for
the Northern District of California (the
‘‘plea agreements’’).
It is therefore ordered:
First, Respondents shall be assessed a
civil penalty in the amount of $300,000,
the payment of which shall be made to
the U.S. Department of Commerce
within 30 days of the date of this Order.
Respondents are jointly and severally
liable for the payment of this civil
penalty. Respondents’ compliance in
full with all of the provisions of the
Settlement Agreement and this Order,
including full and timely payment of
this civil penalty, and their compliance
in full with their plea agreements and
any sentences imposed against them
following or upon their guilty pleas and
convictions, are hereby made conditions
to any license, license exception,
permission, or privilege that may
otherwise be granted or be available to
Respondents under the Regulations
following expiration of the denial of
export privileges set forth below.
Second, that, pursuant to the Debt
Collection Act of 1982, as amended (31
U.S.C. 3701–3720E (2012)), the civil
penalty owed under this Order accrues
interest as more fully described in the
attached Notice, and if payment is not
made by the due date specified herein,
Respondents will be assessed, in
addition to the full amount of the civil
penalty and interest, a penalty charge
and an administrative charge, as more
fully described in the attached Notice.
Third, for a period of ten (10) years
from the date of this Order, Pouran
Aazad, a.k.a. Pouran Azad, a.k.a.
Pourandokt Aazad, a.k.a. Pourandokt
Azad, with a last known address of
27333 Ursula Lane, Los Altos Hills, CA
94022; Sadr Emad-Vaez, a.k.a. Seid
Sadredin Emad Vaez, with a last known
address of 27333 Ursula Lane, Los Altos
Hills, CA 94022; and Ghareh Sabz Co.,
a.k.a. Ghare Sabz Co., a.k.a. GHS
Technology, with last known addresses
of No. 446 Farjam St., Resalat Square,
Tehran, Iran and No. 25 Farjam Ave.,
Resalat Square, Tehran, Iran, and when
acting for or on their behalf, their
successors, assigns, directors, officers,
employees, representatives, and agents
(each a ‘‘Denied Person’’ and
collectively the ‘‘Denied Persons’’), may
not, directly or indirectly, participate in
any way in any transaction involving
any commodity, software or technology
(hereinafter collectively referred to as
‘‘item’’) exported or to be exported from
the United States that is subject to the
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Sfmt 4703
Regulations, or in any other activity
subject to the Regulations, including,
but not limited to:
A. Applying for, obtaining, or using
any license, license exception, or export
control document;
B. Carrying on negotiations
concerning, or ordering, buying,
receiving, using, selling, delivering,
storing, disposing of, forwarding,
transporting, financing, or otherwise
servicing in any way, any transaction
involving any item exported or to be
exported from the United States that is
subject to the Regulations, or engaging
in any other activity subject to the
Regulations; or
C. Benefitting in any way from any
transaction involving any item exported
or to be exported from the United States
that is subject to the Regulations, or
from any other activity subject to the
Regulations.
Fourth, no person may, directly or
indirectly, do any of the following:
A. Export or reexport to or on behalf
of a Denied Person any item subject to
the Regulations;
B. Take any action that facilitates the
acquisition or attempted acquisition by
a Denied Person of the ownership,
possession, or control of any item
subject to the Regulations that has been
or will be exported from the United
States, including financing or other
support activities related to a
transaction whereby a Denied Person
acquires or attempts to acquire such
ownership, possession or control;
C. Take any action to acquire from or
to facilitate the acquisition or attempted
acquisition from a Denied Person of any
item subject to the Regulations that has
been exported from the United States;
D. Obtain from a Denied Person in the
United States any item subject to the
Regulations with knowledge or reason
to know that the item will be, or is
intended to be, exported from the
United States; or
E. Engage in any transaction to service
any item subject to the Regulations that
has been or will be exported from the
United States and which is owned,
possessed or controlled by a Denied
Person, or service any item, of whatever
origin, that is owned, possessed or
controlled by a Denied Person if such
service involves the use of any item
subject to the Regulations that has been
or will be exported from the United
States. For purposes of this paragraph,
servicing means installation,
maintenance, repair, modification or
testing.
Fifth, after notice and opportunity for
comment as provided in Section 766.23
of the Regulations, any person, firm,
corporation, or business organization
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related to a Denied Person by
ownership, control, position of
responsibility, affiliation, or other
connection in the conduct of trade or
business may also be made subject to
the provisions of this Order.
Sixth, Respondents shall not take any
action or make or permit to be made any
public statement, directly or indirectly,
denying the allegations in the Charging
Letter or this Order.
Seventh, the Charging Letter, the
Settlement Agreement, and this Order
shall be made available to the public.
Eighth, this Order shall be served on
Respondents, and shall be published in
the Federal Register.
This Order, which constitutes the
final agency action in this matter, is
effective immediately.
Issued this 8th day of July 2019.
Douglas R. Hassebrock,
Director, Office of Export Enforcement,
performing the non-exclusive functions and
duties of the Assistant Secretary of Commerce
for Export Enforcement.
[FR Doc. 2019–15055 Filed 7–15–19; 8:45 am]
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
International Trade Administration
Notice of Scope Rulings
Enforcement and Compliance,
International Trade Administration,
Department of Commerce.
DATES: Applicable July 16, 2019.
SUMMARY: The Department of Commerce
(Commerce) hereby publishes a list of
scope rulings and anti-circumvention
determinations made between January
1, 2018, and March 31, 2018, inclusive.
We intend to publish future lists after
the close of the next calendar quarter.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Brenda E. Brown, AD/CVD Operations,
Customs Liaison Unit, Enforcement and
Compliance, International Trade
Administration, U.S. Department of
Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue
NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone:
202–482–4735.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
jspears on DSK30JT082PROD with NOTICES
AGENCY:
Background
Commerce regulations provide that
the Secretary will publish in the Federal
Register a list of scope rulings on a
quarterly basis.1 Our most recent
notification of scope rulings was
published on March 14, 2019.2 This
current notice covers all scope rulings
1 See
19 CFR 351.225(o).
Notice of Scope Rulings, 84 FR 9295 (March
14, 2019).
2 See
17:33 Jul 15, 2019
Scope Rulings Made Between January 1,
2018 and March 31, 2018
Republic of Korea
A–580–878 and C–580–879: Certain
Corrosion-Resistant Steel Products From
Republic of Korea
Requestor: American Pan Company &
Premier Pan Company Inc. The scope
description of the orders is dispositive
as to whether certain fluoropolymercoated cut sheets are within the scope
of the orders because: (1) They fall
within the measurement ranges of the
scope of the orders; (2) the chemical
composition is within the requirements
of the scope of the orders; (3) none of
the further manufacturing performed in
the United Kingdom removes the sheets
from the scope of the orders; and (4)
none of the specified exclusions apply
to the imported sheets; January 2, 2018.
People’s Republic of China
BILLING CODE 3510–33–P
VerDate Sep<11>2014
and anti-circumvention determinations
made by Enforcement and Compliance
between January 1, 2018, and March 31,
2018, inclusive.
Jkt 247001
A–570–967 and C–570–968: Aluminum
Extrusions From the People’s Republic
of China
Requestor: Rowley Company. Rowley
Company’s drapery rod kits are not
covered by the scope of the
antidumping duty (AD) and
countervailing duty (CVD) orders on
aluminum extrusions from the People’s
Republic of China (China) because they
meet the criteria for the finished goods
kit scope exclusion; March 1, 2018.
A–570–967 and C–570–968: Aluminum
Extrusions From the People’s Republic
of China
Requestor: E–Z Up Inc. Six collapsible
shelter frames are not covered by the
scope of the AD and CVD orders on
aluminum extrusions from China
because they meet the criteria for the
finished merchandise or finished goods
kit scope exclusions; March 7, 2018.
A–570–814: Carbon Steel Butt-Weld
Pipe Fittings; A–570–910 and C–570–
911: Circular Welded Carbon-Quality
Steel Pipe; A–570–930 and C–570–931:
Circular Welded Austenitic Stainless
Steel Pressure Pipe; and A–570–956 and
C–570–957: Seamless Carbon and Alloy
Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe
From the People’s Republic of China
Requestor: SinoStruct Proprietary
Limited (Sinostruct). Pipe spools
produced in China by SinoStruct
entirely from components produced in
third countries that are not subject to
any AD or CVD orders, and are exported
to the United States by SinoStruct, are
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33915
not within the scopes of the AD and
CVD orders on carbon steel butt-weld
pipe fittings; circular welded carbonquality steel pipe; circular welded
austenitic stainless steel pressure pipe;
and seamless carbon and alloy steel
standard, line, and pressure pipe from
China; March 29, 2018.
A–570–814: Certain Carbon Steel ButtWeld Pipe Fittings From the People’s
Republic of China
Requestor: Val-Fit, Inc. Val-Fit’s buttweld pipe fittings are not covered by the
scope of the AD order on certain carbon
steel butt-weld pipe fittings from China
because the butt-weld fittings have
openings with inside diameters both
above and below the 14-inch threshold
set forth in the scope of the order.
Commerce found that the scope of the
order on certain carbon steel butt-weld
pipe fittings from China only covers
butt-weld pipe fittings with inside
diameters of less than 14 inches in
diameter throughout the fitting. Since
Val-fit’s butt-welds have one or more
opening greater than 14 inches, they not
covered by the scope of the order on
certain carbon steel butt-weld pipe
fittings from China; February 12, 2018.
A–570–956 and C–570–957: Certain
Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel
Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From
the People’s Republic of China
Requestor: Advance Engineering
Corporation (AEC). Specialized
seamless pipe (AEC Pipe) product
imported by Advance Engineering
Corporation are within the scope of the
AD and CVD orders on certain seamless
carbon and alloy steel standard, line,
and pressure pipe from the China
because AEC did not demonstrate that
AEC Pipe met two of the exclusions—
specifically the ASTM A–355 standard
and aerospace specificationsenumerated in the scope language;
March 29, 2018.
A–570–909: Certain Steel Nails From
the People’s Republic of China
Requestor: Simpson Strong-Tie
Company. Crimp drive anchors (a type
of masonry anchor) are covered by the
scope of the AD order on certain steel
nails from China because they meet the
physical description of subject
merchandise, as described in the scope
of the order; March 6, 2018.
A–570–026 and C–570–027: CorrosionResistant Steel Products From the
People’s Republic of China
Requestor: Stoughton Trailer LLC.
Composite panels (i.e., manufactured
composite goods consisting of sheets of
corrosion-resistant steel bonded to a
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 84, Number 136 (Tuesday, July 16, 2019)]
[Notices]
[Pages 33913-33915]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2019-15055]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Bureau of Industry and Security
[Docket Number: 18-BIS-0001]
In the Matter of: Pouran Aazad, a.k.a. Pouran Azad, a.k.a.
Pourandokt Aazad, a.k.a Pourandokt Azad, 27333 Ursula Lane, Los Altos
Hills, CA 94022; Sadr Emad-Vaez, a.k.a. Seid Sadredin Emad Vaez 27333
Ursula Lane, Los Altos Hills, CA 94022; Ghareh Sabz Co., a.k.a. Ghare
Sabz Co., a.k.a. GHS Technology, No. 446 Farjam St., Resalat Square,
Tehran, Iran and No. 25, East Farjam Ave., Resalat Square, Tehran,
Iran, Respondents; Order Relating to Pouran Aazad, Sadr Emad-Vaez and
Ghareh Sabz Co.
The Bureau of Industry and Security, U.S. Department of Commerce
(``BIS''), has notified Pouran Aazad, a.k.a. Pouran Azad, a.k.a.
Pourandokt Aazad, a.k.a. Pourandokt Azad (``Aazad''), Sadr Emad-Vaez,
a.k.a. Seid Sadredin Emad Vaez (``Emad-Vaez''), and Ghareh Sabz Co.,
a.k.a. Ghare Sabz Co., a.k.a. GHS Technology (``Ghareh Sabz Co.'')
(collectively ``Respondents'') that it has initiated an administrative
proceeding against them pursuant to Section 766.3 of the Export
Administration Regulations (the ``Regulations''),\1\ through the
issuance of a Charging Letter to Respondents that alleges that
Respondents have violated the Regulations.\2\ Aazad and Emad-Vaez are
Iranian nationals and naturalized citizens of the United States, with
last known addresses in Los Altos Hills, California; Ghareh Sabz Co. is
an Iranian company, with last known addresses in Tehran, Iran.
Specifically, the charge is:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The Regulations originally issued under the Export
Administration Act of 1979, as amended, 50 U.S.C. 4601-4623 (Supp.
III 2015) (``the EAA''), which lapsed on August 21, 2001. The
President, through Executive Order 13,222 of August 17, 2001 (3 CFR,
2001 Comp. 783 (2002)), which has been extended by successive
Presidential Notices, the most recent being that of August 8, 2018
(83 FR 39,871 (Aug. 13, 2018)), continued the Regulations in full
force and effect under the International Emergency Economic Powers
Act, 50 U.S.C. 1701, et seq. (2012) (``IEEPA''). On August 13, 2018,
the President signed into law the John S. McCain National Defense
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019, which includes the Export
Control Reform Act of 2018, Title XVII, Subtitle B of Public Law
115-232, 132 Stat. 2208 (``ECRA''). While Section 1766 of ECRA
repeals the provisions of the EAA (except for three sections which
are inapplicable here), Section 1768 of ECRA provides, in pertinent
part, that all rules, regulations, orders, and other forms of
administrative action that were made or issued under the EAA,
including as continued in effect pursuant to IEEPA, and were in
effect as of ECRA's date of enactment (August 13, 2018), shall
continue in effect according to their terms until modified,
superseded, set aside, or revoked through action undertaken pursuant
to the authority provided under ECRA.
\2\ The Regulations are currently codified in the Code of
Federal Regulations at 15 CFR parts 730-774 (2019). The charged
violation occurred in 2012 through 2013. The Regulations governing
the violation at issue are found in the 2012 through 2013 versions
of the Code of Federal Regulations (15 CFR parts 730-774 (2012-
2013)). The 2019 Regulations set forth the procedures that apply to
this matter.
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Charge 1 15 CFR 764.2(d)--Conspiracy To Export an Item From the United
States to Iran Without the Required U.S. Government Authorization
1. Beginning as early as in or around November 2012, and continuing
at least until on or about April 26, 2013, Aazad, Emad-Vaez, and Ghareh
Sabz Co. conspired and acted in concert with others, known and unknown,
to violate the Regulations and to bring about an act or acts that
constitute a violation of the Regulations. The purpose of the
conspiracy was to evade the long-standing and well-known U.S. embargo
against Iran by purchasing a U.S.-origin micro-drill press for export
to Iran and causing the export of this item to Iran, via transshipment
through the United Arab Emirates (``UAE''), without the required U.S.
Government authorization.
2. Based upon information and belief, Aazad and Emad-Vaez were at
all times pertinent hereto Iranian nationals and naturalized citizens
of the United States who lived variously in both Tehran, Iran and
Northern California. Aazad held herself out as the Chief Financial
Officer of Ghareh Sabz Co., while Emad-Vaez described himself as the
company's founder and Chief Executive Officer.
3. The conspiracy led to the unauthorized attempted export of a
highly-accurate micro drill press with a video edge finder, process
inspection camera, and spray mister system from the United States to
Iran, via transshipment through the UAE. The micro drill press is
subject to the Regulations, designated as EAR99,\3\ and valued at
$15,199. This item also is subject to the Iranian Transactions and
Sanctions Regulations (``ITSR''), administered by the U.S. Department
of the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control (``OFAC'').\4\
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\3\ EAR99 is a designation for items subject to the Regulations
but not listed on the Commerce Control List. 15 CFR 734.3(c) (2012-
2013).
\4\ See 31 CFR 560 (2012-2013). The ITSR were known as the
Iranian Transactions Regulations (``ITR'') until October 22, 2012.
By final rule published and effective on that date, OFAC changed the
heading of 31 CFR part 560 from the ``Iranian Transactions
Regulations'' to the ``Iranian Transactions and Sanctions
Regulations,'' amended the renamed ITSR, and reissued them in their
entirety. See 77 FR 64,664 (Oct. 22, 2012). 31 CFR part 560 remained
(and remains) the same in pertinent part.
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4. Section 746.7 of the Regulations has long provided, including at
all times pertinent hereto, that no person may engage in the export or
reexport of any item subject to both the Regulations and the ITSR
without authorization from OFAC. 15 CFR 746.7 (2012-2013, 2018).
Section 560.204 of the ITR in turn has long prohibited, including at
all times pertinent hereto, the unauthorized export, reexport, sale or
supply, directly or indirectly, of any item from the United States to
Iran. This broad prohibition includes the export, reexport, sale, or
supply of any item from the United States to a third country, such as
the UAE, undertaken with knowledge or reason to know that the item was
intended for supply, transshipment, or reexportation, directly or
indirectly, to Iran. 31 CFR 560.204 (2012-2013).\5\
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\5\ See note 4, supra.
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5. As further detailed below, Respondents sought out a U.S.-origin
drill press for purchase and export to Iran. On or about November 12,
2012, in response to a request from Ghareh Sabz Co., the U.S.
manufacturer of the micro drill press sent Ghareh Sabz Co. a price
quote for the micro drill press and its parts and components. That same
day, the Ghareh Sabz Co. employee forwarded the quote and
specifications to another Ghareh Sabz Co. employee and to Aazad and
Emad-Vaez, with the message that ``The forwarded documents include a
quotation for Micro-Drill Machine!''
6. On or about November 17, 2012, a purchasing agent at Ghareh Sabz
Co. sent the U.S. manufacturer instructions for the order along with
requests for a price discount and promises to send a purchase order.
The same purchasing agent later sent the U.S. manufacturer a purchase
order, dated February 12, 2013, on Ghareh Sabz Co. letterhead. The
purchase order listed the drill press
[[Page 33914]]
and related parts and components being acquired, listed the U.S.
manufacturer as the supplier, and listed Ghareh Sabz. Co. as the
consignee. The purchase order was approved and signed by Aazad.
7. In furtherance of the conspiracy and in an effort to avoid
detection by law enforcement, a Ghareh Sabz Co. purchasing agent sent
an email to the U.S. manufacturer, on or about March 2, 2013, stating:
``Since we are not able to receive the cargo directly, please arrange
to send it to Dubai.'' The purchasing agent also provided the U.S.
manufacturer the address and contact information for a shipping and
forwarding company in Dubai, UAE, and added that this UAE shipping and
forwarding company should be listed as the buyer ``in all the documents
(invoice, packing list, certificate of origin, Bill of lading)[.]''
(Parenthetical in original). On or about March 18, 2013, the Ghareh
Sabz Co. purchasing agent sent the U.S. manufacturer a similar email,
stating: ``Since we can not receive the cargo in Iran please send it to
Dubai . . . [p]lease note that [the UAE] shipping and forwarding Co. is
the buyer in all the documents (invoice, packing list, certificate of
origin & billing of lading) & you should send complete documents to
them so they will be able to import the machine in Dubai. Then they
will export it to Iran.'' (Parenthetical in original). On or about that
same date, Aazad and Emad-Vaez received an email confirming a wire
transfer on behalf of Ghareh Sabz Co. to the U.S. manufacturer in the
amount of $15,199.
8. On or about April 22, 2013, in furtherance of the scheme to
unlawfully export the item to Iran through the UAE, Ghareh Sabz Co.
directed the U.S. manufacturer to change shipping documentation in
order to list a UAE general trading company as the consignee so that
the export could proceed.
9. On or about April 26, 2013, BIS, upon learning of the planned
export, ordered the item detained at a warehouse outside San Francisco
International Airport. No authorization to export the item had been
sought or obtained from OFAC.
10. In so doing, Respondents violated Section 764.2(d) of the
Regulations, for which they are jointly and severally liable.
Whereas, BIS and Respondents have entered into a Settlement
Agreement pursuant to Section 766.18(b) of the Regulations, whereby
they agreed to settle this matter in accordance with the terms and
conditions set forth therein;
Whereas, I have approved of the terms of such Settlement Agreement;
and
Whereas, in doing so, I have taken into consideration the plea
agreements that Respondents have entered into with the United States
Attorney's Office for the Northern District of California (the ``plea
agreements'').
It is therefore ordered:
First, Respondents shall be assessed a civil penalty in the amount
of $300,000, the payment of which shall be made to the U.S. Department
of Commerce within 30 days of the date of this Order. Respondents are
jointly and severally liable for the payment of this civil penalty.
Respondents' compliance in full with all of the provisions of the
Settlement Agreement and this Order, including full and timely payment
of this civil penalty, and their compliance in full with their plea
agreements and any sentences imposed against them following or upon
their guilty pleas and convictions, are hereby made conditions to any
license, license exception, permission, or privilege that may otherwise
be granted or be available to Respondents under the Regulations
following expiration of the denial of export privileges set forth
below.
Second, that, pursuant to the Debt Collection Act of 1982, as
amended (31 U.S.C. 3701-3720E (2012)), the civil penalty owed under
this Order accrues interest as more fully described in the attached
Notice, and if payment is not made by the due date specified herein,
Respondents will be assessed, in addition to the full amount of the
civil penalty and interest, a penalty charge and an administrative
charge, as more fully described in the attached Notice.
Third, for a period of ten (10) years from the date of this Order,
Pouran Aazad, a.k.a. Pouran Azad, a.k.a. Pourandokt Aazad, a.k.a.
Pourandokt Azad, with a last known address of 27333 Ursula Lane, Los
Altos Hills, CA 94022; Sadr Emad-Vaez, a.k.a. Seid Sadredin Emad Vaez,
with a last known address of 27333 Ursula Lane, Los Altos Hills, CA
94022; and Ghareh Sabz Co., a.k.a. Ghare Sabz Co., a.k.a. GHS
Technology, with last known addresses of No. 446 Farjam St., Resalat
Square, Tehran, Iran and No. 25 Farjam Ave., Resalat Square, Tehran,
Iran, and when acting for or on their behalf, their successors,
assigns, directors, officers, employees, representatives, and agents
(each a ``Denied Person'' and collectively the ``Denied Persons''), may
not, directly or indirectly, participate in any way in any transaction
involving any commodity, software or technology (hereinafter
collectively referred to as ``item'') exported or to be exported from
the United States that is subject to the Regulations, or in any other
activity subject to the Regulations, including, but not limited to:
A. Applying for, obtaining, or using any license, license
exception, or export control document;
B. Carrying on negotiations concerning, or ordering, buying,
receiving, using, selling, delivering, storing, disposing of,
forwarding, transporting, financing, or otherwise servicing in any way,
any transaction involving any item exported or to be exported from the
United States that is subject to the Regulations, or engaging in any
other activity subject to the Regulations; or
C. Benefitting in any way from any transaction involving any item
exported or to be exported from the United States that is subject to
the Regulations, or from any other activity subject to the Regulations.
Fourth, no person may, directly or indirectly, do any of the
following:
A. Export or reexport to or on behalf of a Denied Person any item
subject to the Regulations;
B. Take any action that facilitates the acquisition or attempted
acquisition by a Denied Person of the ownership, possession, or control
of any item subject to the Regulations that has been or will be
exported from the United States, including financing or other support
activities related to a transaction whereby a Denied Person acquires or
attempts to acquire such ownership, possession or control;
C. Take any action to acquire from or to facilitate the acquisition
or attempted acquisition from a Denied Person of any item subject to
the Regulations that has been exported from the United States;
D. Obtain from a Denied Person in the United States any item
subject to the Regulations with knowledge or reason to know that the
item will be, or is intended to be, exported from the United States; or
E. Engage in any transaction to service any item subject to the
Regulations that has been or will be exported from the United States
and which is owned, possessed or controlled by a Denied Person, or
service any item, of whatever origin, that is owned, possessed or
controlled by a Denied Person if such service involves the use of any
item subject to the Regulations that has been or will be exported from
the United States. For purposes of this paragraph, servicing means
installation, maintenance, repair, modification or testing.
Fifth, after notice and opportunity for comment as provided in
Section 766.23 of the Regulations, any person, firm, corporation, or
business organization
[[Page 33915]]
related to a Denied Person by ownership, control, position of
responsibility, affiliation, or other connection in the conduct of
trade or business may also be made subject to the provisions of this
Order.
Sixth, Respondents shall not take any action or make or permit to
be made any public statement, directly or indirectly, denying the
allegations in the Charging Letter or this Order.
Seventh, the Charging Letter, the Settlement Agreement, and this
Order shall be made available to the public.
Eighth, this Order shall be served on Respondents, and shall be
published in the Federal Register.
This Order, which constitutes the final agency action in this
matter, is effective immediately.
Issued this 8th day of July 2019.
Douglas R. Hassebrock,
Director, Office of Export Enforcement, performing the non-exclusive
functions and duties of the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Export
Enforcement.
[FR Doc. 2019-15055 Filed 7-15-19; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-33-P