Air Plan Approval; Alabama: PSD Replacement Units, 11914-11917 [2019-06108]
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Federal Register / Vol. 84, No. 61 / Friday, March 29, 2019 / Proposed Rules
and Commandant Instruction
M16475.lD, which guides the Coast
Guard in complying with the National
Environmental Policy Act of 1969
(NEPA) (42 U.S.C. 4321–4370f), and
have made a preliminary determination
that this action is one of a category of
actions which do not individually or
cumulatively have a significant effect on
the human environment. This proposed
rule simply promulgates the operating
regulations or procedures for
drawbridges. Normally such actions are
categorically excluded from further
review, under figure 2–1, paragraph
(32)(e), of the Instruction.
A preliminary Record of
Environmental Consideration and a
Memorandum for the Record are not
required for this proposed rule. We seek
any comments or information that may
lead to the discovery of a significant
environmental impact from this
proposed rule.
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G. Protest Activities
The Coast Guard respects the First
Amendment rights of protesters.
Protesters are asked to contact the
person listed in the FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT section to
coordinate protest activities so that your
message can be received without
jeopardizing the safety or security of
people, places or vessels.
V. Public Participation and Request for
Comments
We view public participation as
essential to effective rulemaking, and
will consider all comments and material
received during the comment period.
Your comment can help shape the
outcome of this rulemaking. If you
submit a comment, please include the
docket number for this rulemaking,
indicate the specific section of this
document to which each comment
applies, and provide a reason for each
suggestion or recommendation.
We encourage you to submit
comments through the Federal
eRulemaking Portal at https://
www.regulations.gov. If your material
cannot be submitted using https://
www.regulations.gov, contact the person
in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
CONTACT section of this document for
alternate instructions.
We accept anonymous comments. All
comments received will be posted
without change to https://
www.regulations.gov and will include
any personal information you have
provided. For more about privacy and
the docket, visit https://
www.regulations.gov/privacynotice.
Documents mentioned in this NPRM
as being available in this docket and all
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public comments, will be in our online
docket at https://www.regulations.gov
and can be viewed by following that
website’s instructions. Additionally, if
you go to the online docket and sign up
for email alerts, you will be notified
when comments are posted or a final
rule is published.
List of Subjects in 33 CFR Part 117
Bridges.
For the reasons discussed in the
preamble, the Coast Guard proposes to
amend 33 CFR part 117 as follows:
PART 117—DRAWBRIDGE
OPERATION REGULATIONS
1. The authority citation for part 117
continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 33 U.S.C. 499; 33 CFR 1.05–1;
Department of Homeland Security Delegation
No. 0170.1.
2. Amend § 117.1041 by revising
paragraph (a)(2) and adding paragraph
(a)(3) to read as follows:
■
§ 117.1041 Drawbridge Operation
Regulation; Duwamish Waterway; Seattle,
WA.
(a) * * *
(1) * * *
(2) The draw of the South Park Bridge,
mile 3.8, need not be opened for the
passage of vessels from 6:30 a.m. to 8
a.m. and 3:30 p.m. to 5 p.m., Monday
through Friday, except Federal holidays
other than Columbus Day.
(3) Between the hours of 11 p.m. and
7 a.m., Monday through Sunday, the
South Park Bridge shall open if at least
a 12 hour notice is given by telephone
or VHF radio to the drawtender at the
South Park Bridge. If emergency
responders require a bridge opening
between 11 p.m. and 7 a.m., the South
Park Bridge shall open within 45
minutes from initial notification to the
Fremont Bridge operator. Vessels
engaged in sea-trials or dredging
activities may request a standby
drawtender to open the bridge, on
demand, during sea-trials and/or
dredging operations, if at least a 24 hour
notice is given to the South Park Bridge
drawtender.
*
*
*
*
*
David G. Throop,
Rear Admiral, U.S. Coast Guard, Commander,
Thirteenth Coast Guard District.
[FR Doc. 2019–06078 Filed 3–28–19; 8:45 am]
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA–R04–OAR–2017–0371; FRL–9991–47–
Region 4]
Air Plan Approval; Alabama: PSD
Replacement Units
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
AGENCY:
The Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) is proposing to approve
revisions to the Alabama State
Implementation Plan (SIP), submitted
by the State of Alabama, through the
Alabama Department of Environmental
Management (ADEM), via two letters
dated May 7, 2012, and August 27,
2018. The proposed SIP revisions relate
to the State’s Prevention of Significant
Deterioration (PSD) permitting
regulations. In particular, the revisions
add a definition of ‘‘replacement unit’’
and provide that a replacement unit is
a type of existing emissions unit under
the definition of ‘‘emissions unit.’’ This
action is being taken pursuant to the
Clean Air Act (CAA or Act).
DATES: Comments must be received on
or before April 29, 2019.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments,
identified by Docket ID No. EPA–R04–
OAR–2017–0371 at https://
www.regulations.gov. Follow the online
instructions for submitting comments.
Once submitted, comments cannot be
edited or removed from Regulations.gov.
EPA may publish any comment received
to its public docket. Do not submit
electronically any information you
consider to be Confidential Business
Information (CBI) or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute.
Multimedia submissions (audio, video,
etc.) must be accompanied by a written
comment. The written comment is
considered the official comment and
should include discussion of all points
you wish to make. EPA will generally
not consider comments or comment
contents located outside of the primary
submission (i.e. on the web, cloud, or
other file sharing system). For
additional submission methods, the full
EPA public comment policy,
information about CBI or multimedia
submissions, and general guidance on
making effective comments, please visit
https://www2.epa.gov/dockets/
commenting-epa-dockets.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Andres Febres, Air Regulatory
Management Section, Air Planning and
Implementation Branch, Air, Pesticides
SUMMARY:
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and Toxics Management Division, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency,
Region 4, 61 Forsyth Street SW, Atlanta,
Georgia 30303–8960. Mr. Febres can be
reached via telephone at (404) 562–
8966, or via electronic mail at febresmartinez.andres@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. What action is EPA taking?
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EPA is proposing to approve changes
to the Alabama SIP that were provided
to EPA through two letters dated May 7,
2012, and August 27, 2018.1
Specifically, EPA is proposing to
approve two SIP revisions that include
changes to Alabama’s PSD permitting
regulations as part of the State’s New
Source Review (NSR) permitting
program, found in ADEM
Administrative Code Rule 335–3–14–
.04—Air Permits Authorizing
Construction in Clean Air Areas
[Prevention of Significant Deterioration
Permitting (PSD)].2
Alabama’s May 7, 2012, SIP revision
changes the PSD regulations at Rule
335–3–14–.04 by adding a definition of
‘‘replacement unit’’ and by modifying
the definition of ‘‘emissions unit’’ to
expressly include replacement units as
existing emissions units. Portions of this
submittal were later withdrawn through
a May 5, 2017, letter, discussed in
Section III below. Alabama’s August 27,
2018, SIP revision makes further
changes to ADEM’s PSD regulations by
adding a fifth condition to the new
definition of a ‘‘Replacement Unit’’
added in the May 7, 2012, SIP revision.3
1 EPA notes that the Agency received the SIP
revisions on May 16, 2012 and September 4, 2018.
2 EPA’s regulations governing the implementation
of the NSR permitting programs are contained in 40
CFR 51.160 through 51.166; 52.21, 52.24; and part
51, Appendix S. The CAA NSR program is
composed of three separate programs: PSD,
nonattainment new source review (NNSR), and
Minor NSR. PSD is established in part C of title I
of the CAA and applies in areas that meet the
NAAQS–‘‘attainment areas’’—as well as areas
where there is insufficient information to determine
if the area meets the NAAQS–‘‘unclassifiable
areas.’’ The NNSR program is established in part D
of title I of the CAA and applies in areas that are
not in attainment of the NAAQS–‘‘nonattainment
areas.’’ The Minor NSR program addresses
construction or modification activities that do not
qualify as ‘‘major’’ and applies regardless of the
designation of the area in which a source is located.
Together, these programs are referred to as the NSR
programs.
3 EPA is not taking action on the portions of
Alabama’s May 7, 2012, and August 27, 2018,
submittals regarding ADEM Administrative Code
Chapter 335–3–10—Standards of Performance for
New Stationary Sources, and Chapter 335–3–11—
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air
Pollutants. In the cover letter for these SIP
revisions, Alabama acknowledges that these
regulations are not part of Alabama’s SIP and states
that these regulations are not to be incorporated
into the SIP.
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II. Background
As mentioned in Section I above, on
May 7, 2012, Alabama submitted several
changes to Rule 335–3–14-.04, with
some changes withdrawn through a May
5, 2017, withdrawal letter. On August
24, 2017 (82 FR 40072 and 82 FR
40085), EPA published a direct final
rule, together with a simultaneous
proposal, to approve these changes into
the Alabama SIP. Due to the receipt of
adverse comments, EPA withdrew the
direct final rule on October 12, 2017 (82
FR 47397) and is not taking final action
on the August 24, 2017, proposed rule.4
Rather, through this proposed
rulemaking, EPA is re-proposing action
on the changes to Rule 334–3–14–.04, as
provided in Alabama’s May 7, 2012, SIP
revision (with the exception of portions
withdrawn by the State through the May
5, 2017, withdrawal letter), together
with the additional changes provided in
Alabama’s August 27, 2018, SIP
revision.5 The following paragraphs
contain background information related
to the action being proposed. Section III
contains EPA’s analysis of the state
submittals, as well as the rationale for
proposing to approve the changes
previously mentioned.
A. NSR Reform
On December 31, 2002 (67 FR 80186)
(hereinafter referred to as the 2002 NSR
Rule), EPA published final rule
revisions to the CAA’s PSD and NNSR
programs. The revisions included
several major changes to the NSR
program, including the addition of an
actual-to-projected-actual emissions test
for determining NSR applicability for
existing emissions units.
Following publication, EPA received
numerous petitions requesting
4 In a direct final rule, EPA approves changes to
a state’s implementation plan without prior
proposal because the Agency views the changes as
noncontroversial and anticipates no adverse
comments. However, in the proposed rule section
of the Federal Register publication, EPA
simultaneously publishes a separate document that
serves as the proposed approval for the direct final
rule. In the direct final rule, the Agency states that
the rule will be effective 60 days from the date of
publication unless adverse comments are received
within 30 days of publication. If such comments are
received, EPA would publish a document
withdrawing the direct final rule, while keeping the
proposed rule in place, and would inform the
public that the rule will not take effect. The Agency
could then address all adverse comments in a
subsequent final rule, based on the proposed rule.
Alternatively, the Agency could issue a re-proposal,
which is the approach taken in this proposed
rulemaking.
5 Because this rulemaking is re-proposing
approval of the changes, EPA is not responding to
the comments received on the August 24, 2017,
direct final rule and proposed rulemaking actions.
With this new proposed rulemaking, EPA is
establishing a new 30-day comment period and will
respond to any comments received during that time.
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reconsideration of several aspects of the
final rule. On July 30, 2003 (68 FR
44624), EPA granted reconsideration on
six issues, including whether
replacement units should be allowed to
use the actual-to-projected-actual
applicability test to determine whether
installing a replacement unit results in
a significant emissions increase. On
November 7, 2003 (68 FR 63021), EPA
published a rule titled ‘‘Prevention of
Significant Deterioration (PSD) and
Non-Attainment New Source Review
(NSR): Reconsideration.’’ See 68 FR
63021 (November 7, 2003) (hereinafter
referred to as the NSR Reform
Reconsideration Rule). In the
Reconsideration Rule, EPA continued to
allow the owner or operator of a major
stationary source to use the actual-toprojected-actual applicability test to
determine whether installing a
replacement unit results in a significant
emissions increase. Concurrently, EPA
also modified the rules by: (1) Adding
a definition of ‘‘replacement unit,’’ and
(2) revising the definition of ‘‘emissions
unit’’ to clarify that a replacement unit
is considered an existing emissions unit
and therefore is eligible for the actualto-projected-actual test for major NSR
applicability determinations. The 2002
NSR Rule and the NSR Reform
Reconsideration Rule are hereinafter
collectively referred to as the ‘‘2002
NSR Reform Rules,’’ and are codified at
40 CFR 51.165, 51.166, and 52.21.
B. Equipment Replacement Provision
Under Federal regulations, certain
activities are not considered to be a
physical change or a change in the
method of operation at a source, and
thus do not trigger NSR review. One
category of such activities is routine
maintenance, repair and replacement
(RMRR). On October 27, 2003 (68 FR
61248), EPA published a rule titled
‘‘Prevention of Significant Deterioration
(PSD) and Non-Attainment New Source
Review (NSR): Equipment Replacement
Provision of the Routine Maintenance,
Repair and Replacement Exclusion’’
(hereinafter referred to as the ERP Rule).
The ERP Rule provided criteria for
determining whether an activity falls
within the RMRR exemption. The ERP
Rule provided a list of equipment
replacement activities that are exempt
from NSR permitting requirements,
while ensuring that industries maintain
safe, reliable, and efficient operations
that will have little or no impact on
emissions. Under the ERP Rule, a
facility undergoing equipment
replacement would not be required to
undergo NSR review if the facility
replaced any component of a process
unit with an identical or functionally
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equivalent component. The rule
included several modifications to the
NSR rules to explain what would
qualify as an identical or functionally
equivalent component.
Shortly after the October 27, 2003,
rulemaking, several parties filed
petitions for review of the ERP Rule in
the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District
of Columbia Circuit (D.C. Circuit). The
D.C. Circuit stayed the effective date of
the rule pending resolution of the
petitions. A collection of environmental
groups, public interest groups, and
States, subsequently filed a petition for
reconsideration with EPA, requesting
that the Agency reconsider certain
aspects of the ERP Rule. EPA granted
the petition for reconsideration on July
1, 2004 (69 FR 40278).6 After the
reconsideration, EPA published its final
response on June 10, 2005 (70 FR
33838), which stated that the Agency
would not change any aspects of the
ERP. On March 17, 2006, the D.C.
Circuit acted on the petitions for review
and vacated the ERP Rule.7
III. Analysis of State’s Submittal
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Alabama’s May 7, 2012, SIP revision
makes changes to the State’s PSD
permitting regulations by adding a
definition of ‘‘replacement unit’’ at Rule
335–3–14–.04(2)(bbb) and by modifying
the definition of ‘‘emissions unit’’ at
Rule 335–3–14–.04(2)(g) to expressly
include replacement units as existing
emissions units. These changes were
intended to reflect revisions to the
Federal regulations regarding
replacement units included in the NSR
Reform Reconsideration Rule and to
reflect revisions regarding functionally
equivalent components in the ERP Rule,
as described in Sections II.A and II.B of
this action, above.
The SIP revision initially sought to
add a definition of ‘‘replacement unit’’
at Rule 335–3–14–.04(2)(bbb) that
combined the Federal definition of
‘‘replacement unit’’ with language
concerning functionally equivalent
units and basic design parameters from
the ERP Rule, but the language from the
ERP Rule was vacated.8 Accordingly, on
6 The reconsideration granted by EPA opened a
new 60-day public comment period, including a
new public hearing, on three issues of the ERP: (1)
The basis for determining that the ERP was
allowable under the CAA; (2) the basis for selecting
the cost threshold (20 percent of the replacement
cost of the process unit) that was used in the final
rule to determine if a replacement was routine; and
(3) a simplified procedure for incorporating a
Federal Implementation Plan into State Plans to
accommodate changes to the NSR rules.
7 New York v. EPA, 443 F.3d 880 (D.C. Cir. 2006)
8 As mentioned in Section II of this rulemaking,
the ERP rule was vacated by the D.C. Circuit on
March 17, 2006. However, the ERP rule was
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May 5, 2017, Alabama submitted a letter
to EPA withdrawing the portions of the
definition of ‘‘replacement unit’’ from
Rule 335–3–14–.04(2)(bbb), which
corresponded to the vacated language of
the ERP Rule.
Alabama withdrew all language
related to the ERP Rule, with the
exception of one sentence in
subparagraph (bbb)(3) that provides an
example of what should be considered
a ‘‘basic design parameter’’ as it relates
to a replacement unit. EPA has
evaluated the sentence, which states
that ‘‘basic design parameters of a
replaced unit shall also include all
source specific emission limits and/or
monitoring requirements.’’ The Agency
believes that this language is simply an
illustrative example of what shall be
considered and that it does not change
how Alabama’s PSD regulations operate.
Alabama’s provisions relating to RMRR
remain consistent with Federal
provisions and the CAA regarding
RMRR and therefore remain as stringent
as the Federal PSD regulations under 40
CFR 51.166.
Additionally, on August 27, 2018,
Alabama submitted a supplemental SIP
revision that further modifies the
definition of ‘‘replacement unit’’
proposed for adoption in the May 7,
2012, SIP revision, by adding a fifth
condition under subparagraph (bbb)(5).
The additional fifth condition requires
replacement units, as defined under
Rule 335–3–14–.04(2)(bbb), to use the
‘‘Actual-to-projected actual’’ test for
determining PSD applicability under
subparagraph (1)(f) of the same rule.
New rule 335–3–14–.04(2)(bbb) would
read as follows:
(bbb) Replacement unit means an
emissions unit for which all the criteria
listed in subparagraphs (2)(bbb)1.
through 4. of this section are met. No
creditable emission reductions shall be
generated from shutting down the
existing emissions unit that is replaced.
A replacement unit is subject to all
permitting requirements for
modifications under this rule.
1. The emissions unit is a
reconstructed unit within the meaning
of 40 CFR 60.15(b)(1), or the emissions
unit completely takes the place of an
existing emissions unit.
2. The emissions unit is identical to
or functionally equivalent to the
replaced emissions unit.
previously stayed indefinitely, on December 24,
2003. EPA has not taken action to remove the
language of the ERP rule from the federal NSR
regulations (including language found at 40 CFR
51.165, 51.166, and 52.21), but a note remains
stating that the language is stayed indefinitely, and
that the stayed provisions will become effective
immediately if the court terminates the stay.
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3. The replacement does not alter the
basic design parameters of the process
unit. Basic design parameters of a
replaced unit shall also include all
source specific emission limits and/or
monitoring requirements.
4. The replaced emissions unit is
permanently removed from the major
stationary source, otherwise
permanently disabled, or permanently
barred from operation by a permit that
is enforceable as a practical matter. If
the replaced emissions unit is brought
back into operation, it shall constitute a
new emissions unit.
5. A Replacement Unit as defined in
this subparagraph shall be subject to the
applicability test in subparagraph (1)(f)
of this rule for any modification.
The adoption of Rule 335–3–14–
.04(2)(bbb), is meant to adopt into
Alabama’s PSD regulations, provisions
regarding replacement units that are
part of the Federal PSD regulations.
These provisions were put in place by
the NSR Reform Reconsideration Rule
and are part of the RMRR provisions.
Although the RMRR provisions related
to replacement units were modified by
the ERP Rule, these amendments were
vacated by the D.C. Court, and Alabama
appropriately withdrew these vacated
elements. By adopting rule 335–3–14–
.04(2)(bbb), as shown above, Alabama’s
PSD regulations would be consistent
with Federal provisions and the CAA
regarding RMRR.
In addition to adopting Rule 335–3–
14–.04(2)(bbb) as presented above
which excludes the portions withdrawn
by the state and includes the addition of
subparagraph (bbb)5, the May 7, 2012,
SIP revision includes changes to Rule
335–3–14–.04(2)(g). Specifically,
Alabama revises the definition of
‘‘Emissions Unit’’ in 335–3–14–.04(2)(g)
by adding a new sentence at
subparagraph (g)2. that expressly states
that ‘‘A replacement unit, as defined in
subparagraph (bbb) of this rule is an
existing emissions unit.’’. This sentence
references the new definition of
‘‘replacement unit’’ at Rule 335–3–14–
.04(2)(bbb), as presented above, and is
consistent with the Federal definition of
the term ‘‘replacement unit’’ at 40 CFR
52.21(b)(33). Based on the change
proposed in the May 7, 2012, SIP
revision, Rule 335–3–14–.04(2)(g) would
read as follows:
(g) ‘‘Emissions Unit’’ shall mean any
part of a stationary source which emits
or would have the potential to emit any
regulated NSR pollutant including an
electric utility steam generating unit as
defined in subparagraph (2)(vv) of this
rule. For purposes of this rule, there are
two types of emissions units as
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described in subparagraphs (2)(g)1. and
2. of this rule.
1. A new emissions unit is any
emissions unit that is (or will be) newly
constructed and that has existed for less
than 2 years from the date such
emissions unit first operated.
2. An existing emissions unit is any
emissions unit that does not meet the
requirements of subparagraph (2)(g)1. of
this rule. A replacement unit, as defined
in subparagraph (bbb) of this rule, is an
existing emissions unit.
EPA has preliminarily concluded that
these changes to Rule 335–3–14–
.04(2)(g) and the adoption of Rule 335–
3–14–.04(2)(bbb) will not interfere with
any applicable requirement concerning
attainment and reasonable further
progress (as defined in section 171), or
any other applicable requirement of the
CAA. The aforementioned changes align
Alabama’s PSD regulations regarding
replacement units, which are found at
Rule 335–3–14–.04, with the Federal
PSD regulations. Therefore, EPA is
proposing to approve these changes into
the Alabama SIP.
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IV. Incorporation by Reference
In this document, EPA is proposing to
include in a final EPA rule regulatory
text that includes incorporation by
reference. In accordance with
requirements of 1 CFR 51.5, EPA is
proposing to incorporate by reference
ADEM Administrative Code Rule 335–
3–14–.04(2)(g) and 335–3–14–
.04(2)(bbb), which add a definition of
‘‘replacement unit’’ and provide that a
replacement unit is a type of existing
emissions unit under the definition of
‘‘emissions unit,’’ state effective on
October 5, 2018. EPA has made, and
will continue to make, these materials
generally available through
www.regulations.gov and at the EPA
Region 4 office (please contact the
person identified in the FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT section of this
preamble for more information).
V. Proposed Action
EPA is proposing to approve changes
to the Alabama SIP, that were provided
to EPA through Alabama’s May 7, 2012,
SIP revision, with the exception of
portions that were withdrawn in the
May 7, 2017, withdrawal letter, as well
as changes provided to EPA through
Alabama’s August 27, 2018, SIP
revision. Specifically, EPA is proposing
to approve changes to ADEM
Administrative Code Rule 335–3–14–
.04(2)(g), as well as new Rule 335–3–14–
.04(2)(bbb), as described above, in order
to make Alabama’s PSD program
consistent with Federal provisions and
the CAA regarding RMRR. This action is
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limited to the two rules currently before
the Agency and does not modify any
other PSD rules in Alabama’s SIP.
VI. Statutory and Executive Order
Reviews
Under the CAA, the Administrator is
required to approve a SIP submission
that complies with the provisions of the
Act and applicable Federal regulations.
See 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a).
Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions,
EPA’s role is to approve state choices,
provided that they meet the criteria of
the CAA. This action merely proposes to
approve state law as meeting Federal
requirements and does not impose
additional requirements beyond those
imposed by state law. For that reason,
this proposed action:
• Is not a significant regulatory action
subject to review by the Office of
Management and Budget under
Executive Orders 12866 (58 FR 51735,
October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821,
January 21, 2011);
• Is not an Executive Order 13771 (82
FR 9339, February 2, 2017) regulatory
action because SIP approvals are
exempted under Executive Order 12866;
• Does not impose an information
collection burden under the provisions
of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44
U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
• Is certified as not having a
significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities
under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5
U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
• Does not contain any unfunded
mandate or significantly or uniquely
affect small governments, as described
in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4);
• Does not have Federalism
implications as specified in Executive
Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10,
1999);
• Is not an economically significant
regulatory action based on health or
safety risks subject to Executive Order
13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997);
• Is not a significant regulatory action
subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR
28355, May 22, 2001);
• Is not subject to requirements of
section 12(d) of the National
Technology Transfer and Advancement
Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because
application of those requirements would
be inconsistent with the CAA; and
• Does not provide EPA with the
discretionary authority to address, as
appropriate, disproportionate human
health or environmental effects, using
practicable and legally permissible
methods, under Executive Order 12898
(59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
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11917
The SIP is not approved to apply on
any Indian reservation land or in any
other area where EPA or an Indian tribe
has demonstrated that a tribe has
jurisdiction. In those areas of Indian
country, the rule does not have tribal
implications as specified by Executive
Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9,
2000), nor will it impose substantial
direct costs on tribal governments or
preempt tribal law.
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Carbon monoxide,
Incorporation by reference,
Intergovernmental relations, Lead,
Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Particulate
matter, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Sulfur oxides, Volatile
organic compounds.
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Dated: March 18, 2019.
Mary S. Walker,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region 4.
[FR Doc. 2019–06108 Filed 3–28–19; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA–R04–OAR–2019–0004; FRL–9991–48–
Region 4]
Air Plan Approval; Tennessee;
Updates to the National Ambient Air
Quality Standards for Chattanooga
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
AGENCY:
The Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) is proposing to approve a
revision to the Chattanooga portion of
the Tennessee State Implementation
Plan (SIP), provided by the State of
Tennessee, through the Tennessee
Department of Environment and
Conservation (TDEC) from Chattanooga/
Hamilton County Air Pollution Control
Bureau by a letter dated September 12,
2018. The revision updates the National
Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS) in the Chattanooga portion of
the Tennessee SIP to reflect recent
revisions made to the NAAQS. EPA is
proposing to approve the changes
because they are consistent with the
Clean Air Act (CAA or Act).
DATES: Comments must be received on
or before April 29, 2019.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments,
identified by Docket ID No. EPA–R04–
OAR–2019–0004 at https://
www.regulations.gov. Follow the online
SUMMARY:
E:\FR\FM\29MRP1.SGM
29MRP1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 84, Number 61 (Friday, March 29, 2019)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 11914-11917]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2019-06108]
=======================================================================
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA-R04-OAR-2017-0371; FRL-9991-47-Region 4]
Air Plan Approval; Alabama: PSD Replacement Units
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
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SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to
approve revisions to the Alabama State Implementation Plan (SIP),
submitted by the State of Alabama, through the Alabama Department of
Environmental Management (ADEM), via two letters dated May 7, 2012, and
August 27, 2018. The proposed SIP revisions relate to the State's
Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) permitting regulations.
In particular, the revisions add a definition of ``replacement unit''
and provide that a replacement unit is a type of existing emissions
unit under the definition of ``emissions unit.'' This action is being
taken pursuant to the Clean Air Act (CAA or Act).
DATES: Comments must be received on or before April 29, 2019.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R04-
OAR-2017-0371 at https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the online
instructions for submitting comments. Once submitted, comments cannot
be edited or removed from Regulations.gov. EPA may publish any comment
received to its public docket. Do not submit electronically any
information you consider to be Confidential Business Information (CBI)
or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute.
Multimedia submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be accompanied by a
written comment. The written comment is considered the official comment
and should include discussion of all points you wish to make. EPA will
generally not consider comments or comment contents located outside of
the primary submission (i.e. on the web, cloud, or other file sharing
system). For additional submission methods, the full EPA public comment
policy, information about CBI or multimedia submissions, and general
guidance on making effective comments, please visit https://www2.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Andres Febres, Air Regulatory
Management Section, Air Planning and Implementation Branch, Air,
Pesticides
[[Page 11915]]
and Toxics Management Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Region 4, 61 Forsyth Street SW, Atlanta, Georgia 30303-8960. Mr. Febres
can be reached via telephone at (404) 562-8966, or via electronic mail
at [email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. What action is EPA taking?
EPA is proposing to approve changes to the Alabama SIP that were
provided to EPA through two letters dated May 7, 2012, and August 27,
2018.\1\ Specifically, EPA is proposing to approve two SIP revisions
that include changes to Alabama's PSD permitting regulations as part of
the State's New Source Review (NSR) permitting program, found in ADEM
Administrative Code Rule 335-3-14-.04--Air Permits Authorizing
Construction in Clean Air Areas [Prevention of Significant
Deterioration Permitting (PSD)].\2\
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\1\ EPA notes that the Agency received the SIP revisions on May
16, 2012 and September 4, 2018.
\2\ EPA's regulations governing the implementation of the NSR
permitting programs are contained in 40 CFR 51.160 through 51.166;
52.21, 52.24; and part 51, Appendix S. The CAA NSR program is
composed of three separate programs: PSD, nonattainment new source
review (NNSR), and Minor NSR. PSD is established in part C of title
I of the CAA and applies in areas that meet the NAAQS-``attainment
areas''--as well as areas where there is insufficient information to
determine if the area meets the NAAQS-``unclassifiable areas.'' The
NNSR program is established in part D of title I of the CAA and
applies in areas that are not in attainment of the NAAQS-
``nonattainment areas.'' The Minor NSR program addresses
construction or modification activities that do not qualify as
``major'' and applies regardless of the designation of the area in
which a source is located. Together, these programs are referred to
as the NSR programs.
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Alabama's May 7, 2012, SIP revision changes the PSD regulations at
Rule 335-3-14-.04 by adding a definition of ``replacement unit'' and by
modifying the definition of ``emissions unit'' to expressly include
replacement units as existing emissions units. Portions of this
submittal were later withdrawn through a May 5, 2017, letter, discussed
in Section III below. Alabama's August 27, 2018, SIP revision makes
further changes to ADEM's PSD regulations by adding a fifth condition
to the new definition of a ``Replacement Unit'' added in the May 7,
2012, SIP revision.\3\
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\3\ EPA is not taking action on the portions of Alabama's May 7,
2012, and August 27, 2018, submittals regarding ADEM Administrative
Code Chapter 335-3-10--Standards of Performance for New Stationary
Sources, and Chapter 335-3-11--National Emission Standards for
Hazardous Air Pollutants. In the cover letter for these SIP
revisions, Alabama acknowledges that these regulations are not part
of Alabama's SIP and states that these regulations are not to be
incorporated into the SIP.
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II. Background
As mentioned in Section I above, on May 7, 2012, Alabama submitted
several changes to Rule 335-3-14-.04, with some changes withdrawn
through a May 5, 2017, withdrawal letter. On August 24, 2017 (82 FR
40072 and 82 FR 40085), EPA published a direct final rule, together
with a simultaneous proposal, to approve these changes into the Alabama
SIP. Due to the receipt of adverse comments, EPA withdrew the direct
final rule on October 12, 2017 (82 FR 47397) and is not taking final
action on the August 24, 2017, proposed rule.\4\
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\4\ In a direct final rule, EPA approves changes to a state's
implementation plan without prior proposal because the Agency views
the changes as noncontroversial and anticipates no adverse comments.
However, in the proposed rule section of the Federal Register
publication, EPA simultaneously publishes a separate document that
serves as the proposed approval for the direct final rule. In the
direct final rule, the Agency states that the rule will be effective
60 days from the date of publication unless adverse comments are
received within 30 days of publication. If such comments are
received, EPA would publish a document withdrawing the direct final
rule, while keeping the proposed rule in place, and would inform the
public that the rule will not take effect. The Agency could then
address all adverse comments in a subsequent final rule, based on
the proposed rule. Alternatively, the Agency could issue a re-
proposal, which is the approach taken in this proposed rulemaking.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rather, through this proposed rulemaking, EPA is re-proposing
action on the changes to Rule 334-3-14-.04, as provided in Alabama's
May 7, 2012, SIP revision (with the exception of portions withdrawn by
the State through the May 5, 2017, withdrawal letter), together with
the additional changes provided in Alabama's August 27, 2018, SIP
revision.\5\ The following paragraphs contain background information
related to the action being proposed. Section III contains EPA's
analysis of the state submittals, as well as the rationale for
proposing to approve the changes previously mentioned.
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\5\ Because this rulemaking is re-proposing approval of the
changes, EPA is not responding to the comments received on the
August 24, 2017, direct final rule and proposed rulemaking actions.
With this new proposed rulemaking, EPA is establishing a new 30-day
comment period and will respond to any comments received during that
time.
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A. NSR Reform
On December 31, 2002 (67 FR 80186) (hereinafter referred to as the
2002 NSR Rule), EPA published final rule revisions to the CAA's PSD and
NNSR programs. The revisions included several major changes to the NSR
program, including the addition of an actual-to-projected-actual
emissions test for determining NSR applicability for existing emissions
units.
Following publication, EPA received numerous petitions requesting
reconsideration of several aspects of the final rule. On July 30, 2003
(68 FR 44624), EPA granted reconsideration on six issues, including
whether replacement units should be allowed to use the actual-to-
projected-actual applicability test to determine whether installing a
replacement unit results in a significant emissions increase. On
November 7, 2003 (68 FR 63021), EPA published a rule titled
``Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) and Non-Attainment New
Source Review (NSR): Reconsideration.'' See 68 FR 63021 (November 7,
2003) (hereinafter referred to as the NSR Reform Reconsideration Rule).
In the Reconsideration Rule, EPA continued to allow the owner or
operator of a major stationary source to use the actual-to-projected-
actual applicability test to determine whether installing a replacement
unit results in a significant emissions increase. Concurrently, EPA
also modified the rules by: (1) Adding a definition of ``replacement
unit,'' and (2) revising the definition of ``emissions unit'' to
clarify that a replacement unit is considered an existing emissions
unit and therefore is eligible for the actual-to-projected-actual test
for major NSR applicability determinations. The 2002 NSR Rule and the
NSR Reform Reconsideration Rule are hereinafter collectively referred
to as the ``2002 NSR Reform Rules,'' and are codified at 40 CFR 51.165,
51.166, and 52.21.
B. Equipment Replacement Provision
Under Federal regulations, certain activities are not considered to
be a physical change or a change in the method of operation at a
source, and thus do not trigger NSR review. One category of such
activities is routine maintenance, repair and replacement (RMRR). On
October 27, 2003 (68 FR 61248), EPA published a rule titled
``Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) and Non-Attainment New
Source Review (NSR): Equipment Replacement Provision of the Routine
Maintenance, Repair and Replacement Exclusion'' (hereinafter referred
to as the ERP Rule). The ERP Rule provided criteria for determining
whether an activity falls within the RMRR exemption. The ERP Rule
provided a list of equipment replacement activities that are exempt
from NSR permitting requirements, while ensuring that industries
maintain safe, reliable, and efficient operations that will have little
or no impact on emissions. Under the ERP Rule, a facility undergoing
equipment replacement would not be required to undergo NSR review if
the facility replaced any component of a process unit with an identical
or functionally
[[Page 11916]]
equivalent component. The rule included several modifications to the
NSR rules to explain what would qualify as an identical or functionally
equivalent component.
Shortly after the October 27, 2003, rulemaking, several parties
filed petitions for review of the ERP Rule in the U.S. Court of Appeals
for the District of Columbia Circuit (D.C. Circuit). The D.C. Circuit
stayed the effective date of the rule pending resolution of the
petitions. A collection of environmental groups, public interest
groups, and States, subsequently filed a petition for reconsideration
with EPA, requesting that the Agency reconsider certain aspects of the
ERP Rule. EPA granted the petition for reconsideration on July 1, 2004
(69 FR 40278).\6\ After the reconsideration, EPA published its final
response on June 10, 2005 (70 FR 33838), which stated that the Agency
would not change any aspects of the ERP. On March 17, 2006, the D.C.
Circuit acted on the petitions for review and vacated the ERP Rule.\7\
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\6\ The reconsideration granted by EPA opened a new 60-day
public comment period, including a new public hearing, on three
issues of the ERP: (1) The basis for determining that the ERP was
allowable under the CAA; (2) the basis for selecting the cost
threshold (20 percent of the replacement cost of the process unit)
that was used in the final rule to determine if a replacement was
routine; and (3) a simplified procedure for incorporating a Federal
Implementation Plan into State Plans to accommodate changes to the
NSR rules.
\7\ New York v. EPA, 443 F.3d 880 (D.C. Cir. 2006)
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III. Analysis of State's Submittal
Alabama's May 7, 2012, SIP revision makes changes to the State's
PSD permitting regulations by adding a definition of ``replacement
unit'' at Rule 335-3-14-.04(2)(bbb) and by modifying the definition of
``emissions unit'' at Rule 335-3-14-.04(2)(g) to expressly include
replacement units as existing emissions units. These changes were
intended to reflect revisions to the Federal regulations regarding
replacement units included in the NSR Reform Reconsideration Rule and
to reflect revisions regarding functionally equivalent components in
the ERP Rule, as described in Sections II.A and II.B of this action,
above.
The SIP revision initially sought to add a definition of
``replacement unit'' at Rule 335-3-14-.04(2)(bbb) that combined the
Federal definition of ``replacement unit'' with language concerning
functionally equivalent units and basic design parameters from the ERP
Rule, but the language from the ERP Rule was vacated.\8\ Accordingly,
on May 5, 2017, Alabama submitted a letter to EPA withdrawing the
portions of the definition of ``replacement unit'' from Rule 335-3-
14-.04(2)(bbb), which corresponded to the vacated language of the ERP
Rule.
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\8\ As mentioned in Section II of this rulemaking, the ERP rule
was vacated by the D.C. Circuit on March 17, 2006. However, the ERP
rule was previously stayed indefinitely, on December 24, 2003. EPA
has not taken action to remove the language of the ERP rule from the
federal NSR regulations (including language found at 40 CFR 51.165,
51.166, and 52.21), but a note remains stating that the language is
stayed indefinitely, and that the stayed provisions will become
effective immediately if the court terminates the stay.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama withdrew all language related to the ERP Rule, with the
exception of one sentence in subparagraph (bbb)(3) that provides an
example of what should be considered a ``basic design parameter'' as it
relates to a replacement unit. EPA has evaluated the sentence, which
states that ``basic design parameters of a replaced unit shall also
include all source specific emission limits and/or monitoring
requirements.'' The Agency believes that this language is simply an
illustrative example of what shall be considered and that it does not
change how Alabama's PSD regulations operate. Alabama's provisions
relating to RMRR remain consistent with Federal provisions and the CAA
regarding RMRR and therefore remain as stringent as the Federal PSD
regulations under 40 CFR 51.166.
Additionally, on August 27, 2018, Alabama submitted a supplemental
SIP revision that further modifies the definition of ``replacement
unit'' proposed for adoption in the May 7, 2012, SIP revision, by
adding a fifth condition under subparagraph (bbb)(5). The additional
fifth condition requires replacement units, as defined under Rule 335-
3-14-.04(2)(bbb), to use the ``Actual-to-projected actual'' test for
determining PSD applicability under subparagraph (1)(f) of the same
rule. New rule 335-3-14-.04(2)(bbb) would read as follows:
(bbb) Replacement unit means an emissions unit for which all the
criteria listed in subparagraphs (2)(bbb)1. through 4. of this section
are met. No creditable emission reductions shall be generated from
shutting down the existing emissions unit that is replaced. A
replacement unit is subject to all permitting requirements for
modifications under this rule.
1. The emissions unit is a reconstructed unit within the meaning of
40 CFR 60.15(b)(1), or the emissions unit completely takes the place of
an existing emissions unit.
2. The emissions unit is identical to or functionally equivalent to
the replaced emissions unit.
3. The replacement does not alter the basic design parameters of
the process unit. Basic design parameters of a replaced unit shall also
include all source specific emission limits and/or monitoring
requirements.
4. The replaced emissions unit is permanently removed from the
major stationary source, otherwise permanently disabled, or permanently
barred from operation by a permit that is enforceable as a practical
matter. If the replaced emissions unit is brought back into operation,
it shall constitute a new emissions unit.
5. A Replacement Unit as defined in this subparagraph shall be
subject to the applicability test in subparagraph (1)(f) of this rule
for any modification.
The adoption of Rule 335-3-14-.04(2)(bbb), is meant to adopt into
Alabama's PSD regulations, provisions regarding replacement units that
are part of the Federal PSD regulations. These provisions were put in
place by the NSR Reform Reconsideration Rule and are part of the RMRR
provisions. Although the RMRR provisions related to replacement units
were modified by the ERP Rule, these amendments were vacated by the
D.C. Court, and Alabama appropriately withdrew these vacated elements.
By adopting rule 335-3-14-.04(2)(bbb), as shown above, Alabama's PSD
regulations would be consistent with Federal provisions and the CAA
regarding RMRR.
In addition to adopting Rule 335-3-14-.04(2)(bbb) as presented
above which excludes the portions withdrawn by the state and includes
the addition of subparagraph (bbb)5, the May 7, 2012, SIP revision
includes changes to Rule 335-3-14-.04(2)(g). Specifically, Alabama
revises the definition of ``Emissions Unit'' in 335-3-14-.04(2)(g) by
adding a new sentence at subparagraph (g)2. that expressly states that
``A replacement unit, as defined in subparagraph (bbb) of this rule is
an existing emissions unit.''. This sentence references the new
definition of ``replacement unit'' at Rule 335-3-14-.04(2)(bbb), as
presented above, and is consistent with the Federal definition of the
term ``replacement unit'' at 40 CFR 52.21(b)(33). Based on the change
proposed in the May 7, 2012, SIP revision, Rule 335-3-14-.04(2)(g)
would read as follows:
(g) ``Emissions Unit'' shall mean any part of a stationary source
which emits or would have the potential to emit any regulated NSR
pollutant including an electric utility steam generating unit as
defined in subparagraph (2)(vv) of this rule. For purposes of this
rule, there are two types of emissions units as
[[Page 11917]]
described in subparagraphs (2)(g)1. and 2. of this rule.
1. A new emissions unit is any emissions unit that is (or will be)
newly constructed and that has existed for less than 2 years from the
date such emissions unit first operated.
2. An existing emissions unit is any emissions unit that does not
meet the requirements of subparagraph (2)(g)1. of this rule. A
replacement unit, as defined in subparagraph (bbb) of this rule, is an
existing emissions unit.
EPA has preliminarily concluded that these changes to Rule 335-3-
14-.04(2)(g) and the adoption of Rule 335-3-14-.04(2)(bbb) will not
interfere with any applicable requirement concerning attainment and
reasonable further progress (as defined in section 171), or any other
applicable requirement of the CAA. The aforementioned changes align
Alabama's PSD regulations regarding replacement units, which are found
at Rule 335-3-14-.04, with the Federal PSD regulations. Therefore, EPA
is proposing to approve these changes into the Alabama SIP.
IV. Incorporation by Reference
In this document, EPA is proposing to include in a final EPA rule
regulatory text that includes incorporation by reference. In accordance
with requirements of 1 CFR 51.5, EPA is proposing to incorporate by
reference ADEM Administrative Code Rule 335-3-14-.04(2)(g) and 335-3-
14-.04(2)(bbb), which add a definition of ``replacement unit'' and
provide that a replacement unit is a type of existing emissions unit
under the definition of ``emissions unit,'' state effective on October
5, 2018. EPA has made, and will continue to make, these materials
generally available through www.regulations.gov and at the EPA Region 4
office (please contact the person identified in the FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT section of this preamble for more information).
V. Proposed Action
EPA is proposing to approve changes to the Alabama SIP, that were
provided to EPA through Alabama's May 7, 2012, SIP revision, with the
exception of portions that were withdrawn in the May 7, 2017,
withdrawal letter, as well as changes provided to EPA through Alabama's
August 27, 2018, SIP revision. Specifically, EPA is proposing to
approve changes to ADEM Administrative Code Rule 335-3-14-.04(2)(g), as
well as new Rule 335-3-14-.04(2)(bbb), as described above, in order to
make Alabama's PSD program consistent with Federal provisions and the
CAA regarding RMRR. This action is limited to the two rules currently
before the Agency and does not modify any other PSD rules in Alabama's
SIP.
VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP
submission that complies with the provisions of the Act and applicable
Federal regulations. See 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in
reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve state choices,
provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. This action merely
proposes to approve state law as meeting Federal requirements and does
not impose additional requirements beyond those imposed by state law.
For that reason, this proposed action:
Is not a significant regulatory action subject to review
by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Orders 12866 (58
FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821, January 21, 2011);
Is not an Executive Order 13771 (82 FR 9339, February 2,
2017) regulatory action because SIP approvals are exempted under
Executive Order 12866;
Does not impose an information collection burden under the
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
Is certified as not having a significant economic impact
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
Does not have Federalism implications as specified in
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
Is not an economically significant regulatory action based
on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR
19885, April 23, 1997);
Is not a significant regulatory action subject to
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001);
Is not subject to requirements of section 12(d) of the
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent
with the CAA; and
Does not provide EPA with the discretionary authority to
address, as appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental
effects, using practicable and legally permissible methods, under
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
The SIP is not approved to apply on any Indian reservation land or
in any other area where EPA or an Indian tribe has demonstrated that a
tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of Indian country, the rule does
not have tribal implications as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65
FR 67249, November 9, 2000), nor will it impose substantial direct
costs on tribal governments or preempt tribal law.
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Carbon monoxide,
Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Lead, Nitrogen
dioxide, Ozone, Particulate matter, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Sulfur oxides, Volatile organic compounds.
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Dated: March 18, 2019.
Mary S. Walker,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region 4.
[FR Doc. 2019-06108 Filed 3-28-19; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P