Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedure for Water-Source Heat Pumps, 29048-29056 [2018-13430]

Agencies

• DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 121 (Friday, June 22, 2018)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 29048-29056]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2018-13430]


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Proposed Rules
                                                Federal Register
________________________________________________________________________

This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER contains notices to the public of 
the proposed issuance of rules and regulations. The purpose of these 
notices is to give interested persons an opportunity to participate in 
the rule making prior to the adoption of the final rules.

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Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 121 / Friday, June 22, 2018 / 
Proposed Rules

[[Page 29048]]



DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

10 CFR Part 431

[EERE-2017-BT-TP-0029]


Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedure for Water-Source Heat 
Pumps

AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of 
Energy.

ACTION: Request for information (RFI).

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SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Energy (``DOE'') is initiating a data 
collection process through this RFI to consider whether to amend DOE's 
test procedure for commercial water-source heat pumps (``WSHPs''). To 
inform interested parties and to facilitate this process, DOE has 
gathered data, identifying several issues associated with the currently 
applicable test procedure on which DOE is interested in receiving 
comment. The issues outlined in this document mainly concern: Methods 
that are incorporated by reference by the applicable industry standard; 
efficiency metrics and calculations; additional specifications for the 
test methods; and any additional topics that may inform DOE's decisions 
in a future test procedure rulemaking, including methods to reduce 
regulatory burden while ensuring the test procedure's accuracy. DOE 
welcomes written comments from the public on any subject within the 
scope of this document (including topics not raised in this RFI).

DATES: Written comments and information are requested and will be 
accepted on or before July 23, 2018.

ADDRESSES: Interested persons are encouraged to submit comments using 
the Federal eRulemaking Portal at https://www.regulations.gov. Follow 
the instructions for submitting comments. Alternatively, interested 
persons may submit comments, identified by docket number EERE-2017-BT-
TP-0029, by any of the following methods:
     Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov. 
Follow the instructions for submitting comments.
     Email: [email protected]. Include the docket 
number EERE-2017-BT-TP-0029 in the subject line of the message.
     Postal Mail: Appliance and Equipment Standards Program, 
U.S. Department of Energy, Building Technologies Office, Mailstop EE-
5B, Test Procedure RFI for Water-Source Heat Pumps, Docket No. EERE-
2017-BT-TP-0029, 1000 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20585-
0121. If possible, please submit all items on a compact disc (``CD''), 
in which case it is not necessary to include printed copies.
     Hand Delivery/Courier: Appliance and Equipment Standards 
Program, U.S. Department of Energy, Building Technologies Office, 950 
L'Enfant Plaza SW, 6th Floor, Washington, DC 20024. Telephone: (202) 
287-1445. If possible, please submit all items on a CD, in which case 
it is not necessary to include printed copies.
    No telefacsimilies (faxes) will be accepted. For detailed 
instructions on submitting comments and additional information on the 
rulemaking process, see section III of this document.
    Docket: The docket for this activity, which includes Federal 
Register notices, comments, and other supporting documents/materials, 
is available for review at https://www.regulations.gov. All documents in 
the docket are listed in the https://www.regulations.gov index. However, 
some documents listed in the index, such as those containing 
information that is exempt from public disclosure, may not be publicly 
available.
    The docket web page can be found at: https://www.regulations.gov/docketBrowser?rpp=25&po=0&D=EERE-2017-BT-TP-0029. The docket web page 
contains instructions on how to access all documents, including public 
comments, in the docket. See section III of this document for 
information on how to submit comments through https://www.regulations.gov.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 
    Mr. Antonio Bouza, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy 
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Office, EE-5B, 
1000 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20585-0121. Telephone: 
(202) 586-4563. Email: [email protected].
    Mr. Eric Stas, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of the General 
Counsel, GC-33, 1000 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20585. 
Telephone: (202) 586-9507. Email: [email protected].
    For further information on how to submit a comment, or review other 
public comments and the docket, contact the Appliance and Equipment 
Standards Program staff at (202) 287-1445 or by email: 
[email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Table of Contents

I. Introduction
    A. Authority and Background
    B. Rulemaking History
II. Request for Information
    A. Scope and Definitions
    B. Energy Efficiency Descriptor
    1. Fan Energy Use
    2. Integrated Efficiency Metrics
    C. Test Procedure
    1. ISO 13256-1:1998
    2. Potential for Harmonization With ANSI/ASHRAE 37-2009
    3. Accounting for Compressor Heat When Testing Split Systems
    4. Refrigerant Line Losses
    5. Standardized Heat Capacity for Water
    6. Discharge Coefficients for Airflow Measurement
    7. Duct Loss Adjustments
    8. Water Flow Rate
    9. Indoor Air Measurements
    10. Refrigerant Charging
    11. Voltage
    D. Other Test Procedure Topics
III. Submission of Comments

I. Introduction

    WSHPs are included in the list of ``covered equipment'' for which 
DOE is authorized to establish and amend energy efficiency standards 
and test procedures. (42 U.S.C. 6311(1)(B)-(D)) DOE's test procedure 
for WSHPs is prescribed at title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations 
(``CFR'') Sec.  431.96. The following sections discuss DOE's authority 
to establish and amend test procedures for WSHPs, as well as relevant 
background information regarding DOE's consideration of test procedures 
for this equipment.

[[Page 29049]]

A. Authority and Background

    The Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (``EPCA'' or ``the 
Act''),\1\ Public Law 94-163 (42 U.S.C. 6291-6317, as codified), among 
other things, authorizes DOE to regulate the energy efficiency of a 
number of consumer products and industrial equipment. Title III, Part C 
\2\ of EPCA, added by Public Law 95-619, Title IV, section 441(a), 
established the Energy Conservation Program for Certain Industrial 
Equipment, which sets forth a variety of provisions designed to improve 
energy efficiency. This equipment includes small, large, and very large 
commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment, which 
include the WSHPs that are the subject of this notice. (42 U.S.C. 
6311(1)(B)-(D))
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    \1\ All references to EPCA in this document refer to the statute 
as amended through the Energy Efficiency Improvement Act of 2015 
(EEIA 2015), Public Law 114-11 (April 30, 2015).
    \2\ For editorial reasons, upon codification in the U.S. Code, 
Part C was redesignated Part A-1.
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    Under EPCA, DOE's energy conservation program consists essentially 
of four parts: (1) Testing, (2) labeling, (3) Federal energy 
conservation standards, and (4) certification and enforcement 
procedures. Relevant provisions of the Act include definitions (42 
U.S.C. 6311), energy conservation standards (42 U.S.C. 6313), test 
procedures (42 U.S.C. 6314), labeling provisions (42 U.S.C. 6315), and 
the authority to require information and reports from manufacturers (42 
U.S.C. 6316).
    Federal energy efficiency requirements for covered equipment 
established under EPCA generally supersede State laws and regulations 
concerning energy conservation testing, labeling, and standards. (42 
U.S.C. 6316(a) and (b); 42 U.S.C. 6297) DOE may, however, grant waivers 
of Federal preemption for particular State laws or regulations, in 
accordance with the procedures and other provisions of EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 
6316(b)(2)(D))
    The DOE testing requirements consist of test procedures that 
manufacturers of covered equipment must use as the basis for: (1) 
Certifying to DOE that their equipment complies with the applicable 
energy conservation standards adopted pursuant to EPCA (42 U.S.C. 
6316(b); 42 U.S.C. 6296), and (2) making representations about the 
efficiency of that equipment (42 U.S.C. 6314(d)). Similarly, DOE must 
use these test procedures to determine whether the equipment complies 
with relevant standards promulgated under EPCA.
    Under 42 U.S.C. 6314, EPCA sets forth the criteria and procedures 
DOE is required to follow when prescribing or amending test procedures 
for covered equipment. EPCA requires that any test procedures 
prescribed or amended under this section must be reasonably designed to 
produce test results which reflect energy efficiency, energy use, or 
estimated annual operating cost of covered equipment during a 
representative average use cycle or period of use and requires that 
test procedures not be unduly burdensome to conduct. (42 U.S.C. 
6314(a)(2))
    In addition, if DOE determines that a test procedure amendment is 
warranted, it must publish proposed test procedures and offer the 
public an opportunity to present oral and written comments on them. (42 
U.S.C. 6314(b))
    As discussed, WSHPs are a category of commercial package air 
conditioning and heating equipment. EPCA requires that the test 
procedures for commercial package air conditioning and heating 
equipment be those generally accepted industry testing procedures or 
rating procedures developed or recognized by the Air-Conditioning, 
Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) or by the American Society 
of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), as 
referenced in ASHRAE Standard 90.1, ``Energy Standard for Buildings 
Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings'' (ASHRAE Standard 90.1). (42 
U.S.C. 6314(a)(4)(A)) Further, if such an industry test procedure is 
amended, DOE must amend its test procedure to be consistent with the 
amended industry test procedure, unless DOE determines, by rule 
published in the Federal Register and supported by clear and convincing 
evidence, that such amended test procedure would not meet the 
requirements in 42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(2) and (3) related to representative 
use and test burden. (42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(4)(B))
    EPCA also requires that, at least once every 7 years, DOE evaluate 
test procedures for each type of covered equipment, including WSHPs, to 
determine whether amended test procedures would more accurately or 
fully comply with the requirements for the test procedures to not be 
unduly burdensome to conduct and be reasonably designed to produce test 
results that reflect energy efficiency, energy use, and estimated 
operating costs during a representative average use cycle. (42 U.S.C. 
6314(a)(1)) In addition, if DOE determines that a test procedure 
amendment is warranted, it must publish proposed test procedures and 
offer the public an opportunity to present oral and written comments on 
them. (42 U.S.C. 6314(b)) If DOE determines that test procedure 
revisions are not appropriate, DOE must publish its determination not 
to amend the test procedures. (42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(1)(A)(ii)) DOE is 
publishing this RFI to collect data and information to inform its 
decision in satisfaction of the 7-year review requirement specified in 
EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(1))

B. Rulemaking History

    DOE sets forth the test procedure for WSHPs with a cooling capacity 
less than 135,000 Btu/h at 10 CFR 431.96. The DOE test procedure 
currently incorporates by reference International Organization for 
Standardization (ISO) Standard 13256-1 (1998), ``Water-source heat 
pumps-Testing and rating for performance-Part 1: Water-to-air and 
brine-to-air heat pumps,'' (ISO 13256-1:1998) and includes additional 
provisions for equipment set-up at 10 CFR 431.96(e). Paragraph (e) of 
10 CFR 431.96 provides specifications for addressing key information 
typically found in the installation and operation manuals.
    DOE initially incorporated ISO 13256-1:1998 as the referenced test 
procedure for WSHPs on October 21, 2004 (69 FR 61962), and DOE last 
reviewed the test procedure for WSHPs as part of a final rule for test 
procedures for commercial package air conditioners and heat pumps 
published on May 16, 2012 (77 FR 28928). Since then, the relevant 
industry standards have undergone a reevaluation process which did not 
result in substantive changes to the referenced standards. (See section 
II.C.1 of this RFI for a more complete explanation of the industry 
update process.) Because these actions by the relevant industry 
standard-setting bodies contained no substantive changes to the 
industry standard already incorporated by reference, DOE has 
tentatively concluded that the statutory trigger provisions of 42 
U.S.C. 6314(a)(4)(B) do not provide a basis for DOE to review its WSHP 
test procedure at this time. Therefore, if DOE determines, based upon 
its assessment of the information submitted in response to this RFI, 
that a rulemaking is necessary for a reevaluation of the WSHP test 
procedure, DOE would conduct such review under EPCA's 7-year-lookback 
authority. (42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(1))

II. Request for Information

    In the following sections, DOE has identified a variety of issues 
on which it seeks input to aid in the development of the technical and 
economic analyses regarding whether amended test

[[Page 29050]]

procedures for WSHPs may be warranted. Specifically, DOE is requesting 
comment on any opportunities to streamline and simplify testing 
requirements for WSHPs.
    Additionally, DOE welcomes comments on other issues relevant to the 
conduct of this process that may not specifically be identified in this 
document. In particular, DOE notes that under Executive Order 13771, 
``Reducing Regulation and Controlling Regulatory Costs,'' Executive 
Branch agencies such as DOE are directed to manage the costs associated 
with the imposition of expenditures required to comply with Federal 
regulations. See 82 FR 9339 (Feb. 3, 2017). Pursuant to that Executive 
Order, DOE encourages the public to provide input on measures DOE could 
take to lower the cost of its regulations applicable to WSHPs 
consistent with the requirements of EPCA.

A. Scope and Definition

    This RFI covers WSHPs, which DOE defines at 10 CFR 431.92, as a 
single-phase or three-phase reverse-cycle heat pump that uses a 
circulating water loop as the heat source for heating and as the heat 
sink for cooling. The main components are a compressor, refrigerant-to-
water heat exchanger, refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger, refrigerant 
expansion devices, refrigerant reversing valve, and indoor fan. Such 
equipment includes, but is not limited to, water-to-air water-loop heat 
pumps.
    DOE notes that while the current Federal test procedure and energy 
conservation standards at 10 CFR 431.96 and 431.97 apply only to those 
WSHPs with a rated cooling capacity below 135,000 Btu/h (i.e., within 
the covered equipment type of small commercial package air conditioning 
and heating equipment; 42 U.S.C. 6311(1)(B)), WSHPs also meet the 
definitions of the covered equipment types large and very large 
commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment. (42 U.S.C. 
6311(8)(A), (C)-(D)) DOE understands that the market for WSHPs greater 
than 135,000 Btu/h may be limited, but DOE has identified some models 
on the market in the larger capacity range. Therefore, DOE may consider 
expanding the scope of the WSHP TP to include WSHPs with cooling 
capacity equal to or greater than 135,000 Btu/h.
    Issue 1: DOE seeks data on the size of the market for WSHPs with a 
cooling capacity equal to or greater than 135,000 Btu/h. DOE also 
requests comment on whether there are any limitations, not otherwise 
captured in this RFI, associated with testing WSHPs in this large and 
very large capacity range.

B. Energy Efficiency Descriptor

    For WSHPs, the cooling metric currently specified by DOE is the 
energy efficiency ratio (EER). 10 CFR 431.96. EER is the ratio of the 
produced cooling effect of the WSHP to its net work input, expressed in 
Btu/watt-hour, and measured at standard rating conditions. The heating 
mode metric currently specified by DOE for WSHPs is the coefficient of 
performance (COP). Id. COP is the ratio of the produced heating effect 
of the WSHP to its network input, when both are expressed in identical 
units of measurement, and measured at standard rating conditions.
1. Fan Energy Use
    DOE is aware that the energy use of field-installed fans will vary 
based on the use of the fan for various functions (e.g., economizing, 
ventilation, filtration, and auxiliary heat). Consequently, DOE is 
investigating whether changes to the WSHP test procedure are needed to 
properly characterize a representative average use cycle, including 
changes to more accurately represent fan energy use in field 
applications. DOE also seeks comment on any anticipated burdens 
associated with such potential changes to the WSHPs test procedure. DOE 
also requests information as to the extent that accounting for the 
energy use of fans in commercial equipment such as WSHPs would be 
additive of other existing accounting of fan energy use. DOE also seeks 
information as to whether accounting for the energy use of fan 
operation in WSHPs would alter measured efficiency, and if so, to what 
extent.
    Issue 2: DOE requests data and information regarding what form(s) 
of auxiliary heating are installed in WSHPs, how frequently they 
operate, and whether they operate independently of the WSHP. 
Additionally, DOE requests data and information on how frequently WSHP 
supply fans are operated when there is no demand for heating or cooling 
(i.e., for fresh air ventilation or air circulation/filtration).
    Issue 3: DOE requests data and information on the typical operating 
schedules or duty cycles for WSHP supply fans when there is no demand 
for heating or cooling. DOE also seeks comment and information 
regarding the use of the indoor supply fan of WSHPs for any ancillary 
functions not mentioned above.
    ISO 13256-1:1998 uses a fan power adjustment calculation to exclude 
fan power used for overcoming external resistance on ducted equipment. 
As a result, the calculation of efficiency only includes the fan power 
required to overcome the internal resistance of the unit. Similarly, 
only liquid pump power required to overcome the internal resistance of 
the unit is included in the effective power input used for efficiency 
calculation for WSHPs.
    ISO 13256-1:1998 does not provide minimum external static pressure 
(ESP) requirements for ducted equipment; however, Table 9 of ISO 13256-
1:1998 includes an operating tolerance (i.e., maximum variation of 
individual reading from rating conditions) and a condition tolerance 
(i.e., maximum variation of arithmetical average values from specified 
test conditions) for external resistance to airflow. ISO 13256-1:1998 
does not specify to which values of ESP these tolerances are intended 
to apply.
    Issue 4: DOE requests comment on whether the test procedure for 
WSHPs should include minimum ESP requirements for the indoor fan, and 
if so, what values would be representative of field installations. DOE 
seeks information on whether field ESP values typically vary with 
capacity, and whether fan power used for overcoming ESP should be 
included in the efficiency calculation for WSHPs intended to be used 
with ducting. Similarly, DOE seeks information on what ESP values are 
typical in field installations for the liquid pump and whether any 
allowance for external liquid pressure drop should be considered in the 
efficiency metric.
    DOE is aware that some WSHPs may be installed with or without 
indoor air distribution ducts in the field. Depending on the type of 
installation, the test method specified in ISO 13256-1:1998 differs; 
section 4.1.2 of ISO 13256-1:1998 specifies provisions for WSHPs 
installed without ducts, and section 4.1.3 of that standard specifies 
provisions for WSHPs installed with ducts. DOE's preliminary research 
has not revealed any physical characteristics of WSHPs that distinguish 
them as being suitable for installation with ducts, without ducts, or 
both. ISO 13256-1:1998 does not specify how to determine whether a WSHP 
is to be tested using the ducted or non-ducted provisions.
    Issue 5: DOE requests comment on what, if any, physical 
characteristics distinguish WSHPs that are suitable for installation 
with ducts from those suitable for installation without ducts. DOE also 
requests comment on whether any WSHP models can be installed either 
with or without indoor air

[[Page 29051]]

distribution ducts. If models exist that can be installed both with or 
without ducts, DOE requests comment on whether manufacturers test such 
models using the provisions of section 4.1.2 of ISO 13256-1:1998, which 
is for heat pumps without duct connection, or using the provisions of 
section 4.1.3 of that standard for heat pumps with duct connection, or 
test such models using both provisions of sections 4.1.2 and 4.1.3.
    ISO 13256-1:1998 provides requirements for airflow rates in section 
4.1.5, including that: (a) Non-ducted heat pumps shall be tested at 
airflow rates obtained at zero ESP; (b) ducted heat pumps with internal 
fans or with designated air movers be tested at the airflow rates 
obtained at zero ESP or the manufacturer-specified airflow rate, 
whichever is lower, and (c) ducted heat pumps without internal fans 
shall be tested at the manufacturer-specified airflow rate subject to a 
maximum internal pressure drop. Additionally, paragraph (e)(2) of 10 
CFR 431.96 requires that the airflow rate used for testing must be 
specified by the manufacturer in the installation and operation manuals 
being shipped to the commercial customer. ISO 13256-1:1998 does not 
indicate what speed setting should be used to achieve specified airflow 
for a fan with more than one speed setting. Also, in some cases, the 
airflow rate and pressure conditions specified by ISO 13256-1:1998 for 
a given ducted heat pump without an internal fan may not be achievable 
simultaneously. For example, the manufacturer-specified airflow may not 
be achievable below the maximum internal pressure drop specified in 
section 4.1.5.3 of ISO 13256-1:1998. ISO 13256-1:1998 does not provide 
an approach for simultaneously achieving the specified airflow rate and 
pressure conditions for such a case.
    Issue 6: DOE requests comment on whether WSHP indoor fans typically 
have multiple speed settings, and if so, how manufacturers decide which 
speed setting to use during testing. Further, DOE requests comment on 
how the specified airflow is achieved during testing if none of the 
speed settings available with the indoor fan produce the specified 
airflow at the specified internal or external static pressure (when 
applicable).
    ISO 13256-1:1998 uses a fan efficiency value of 0.3 x 10\3\ Pascal-
liters per second per watt to calculate the fan power associated with 
internal or external airflow resistance (see sections 4.1.3.1 and 
4.1.3.2 of that test standard, respectively). However, DOE recognizes 
that fan and motor technology is evolving, including associated 
improvements in efficiency. Consequently, the fan efficiency value used 
in ISO 13256-1:1998 may not be reflective of these improvements for 
WSHPs that include an integral fan/motor that is based on new, more-
efficient technology. On the other hand, DOE notes that for other air-
conditioners and heat pumps (e.g., central air-conditioners), indoor 
units that do not include integrated fans (i.e., coil-only units) are 
often installed with an existing, external fan that is part of a 
furnace. The furnace is not always replaced when the new indoor unit is 
installed. In these cases, the efficiency of the external fan (i.e., 
the furnace fan) reflects performance of past fan technology. This 
scenario may or may not be relevant for WSHPs.
    Issue 7: DOE seeks comment and data on whether the fan/motor 
efficiency factor used in the calculation of fan power for WSHPs is 
representative of units currently on the market and whether the value 
accurately represents the efficiency of existing fans that are not 
replaced in WSHP installations. DOE also requests comment on whether 
indoor fans are typically replaced when coil-only WSHPs are installed. 
DOE also seeks comment regarding potential test approaches that might 
lead to more direct representation of efficiency of the fan/motor 
combination under test instead of relying on a single factor for all 
units.
    DOE notes that all of the issues considered in this section address 
potential changes to the test procedure for WSHPs that could be 
reflected in the cooling and/or heating efficiency metrics (i.e., EER 
or integrated energy efficiency ratio (IEER; see section II.B.2), and 
COP) for WSHPs in order to make them more representative of the energy 
contributions of all operating modes. This approach would not regulate 
the fans separately from the end-use equipment (i.e., the WSHP).
    Issue 8: Assuming DOE has authority to address fans embedded in 
other commercial equipment such as WSHPs (a conclusion the agency has 
not yet reached), DOE is interested in receiving comment and other 
information on this topic. DOE requests comment on whether any of the 
issues considered in this section would result in double-regulation of 
the energy use of fans in WSHPs, and if so, how. DOE further seeks 
comment as to whether or what portion of such fan operation is part of 
a ``representative average use cycle'' of a WSHP. DOE also seeks 
comment as to whether accounting for the energy use of fan operation in 
WSHPs would alter measured efficiency, and if so, to what extent.
2. Integrated Efficiency Metrics
    DOE's test procedure for WSHPs does not include part-load 
conditions nor a seasonal metric that includes part-load performance. A 
seasonal metric is a weighted average of the performance of cooling or 
heating systems at different rating points intended to represent 
average efficiency over a full cooling or heating season. Several 
categories of commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment 
are rated using a seasonal metric, such as the IEER for air cooled 
commercial unitary air conditioners as discussed in section 6.2 of AHRI 
Standard 340/360-2015, ``2015 Standard for Performance Rating of 
Commercial and Industrial Unitary Air-Conditioning and Heat Pump 
Equipment,'' (``AHRI 340/360-2015''). IEER is a weighted average of 
efficiency at the four load levels representing 100, 75, 50, and 25 
percent of full-load capacity, each measured at an outdoor air 
condition representative of field operation at the given load level.
    Issue 9: DOE requests information on whether a seasonal efficiency 
metric that incorporates part-load performance would be appropriate for 
WSHPs. DOE also requests input on the specific details of a seasonal 
energy efficiency metric that would best represent the average cooling 
seasonal efficiency of WSHPs, including specification of test 
conditions.

C. Test Procedure

1. ISO 13256-1:1998
    At this time, ISO 13256-1:1998 is still the most current industry 
standard relevant to water-source heat pumps. In 2012, AHRI and ASHRAE 
reaffirmed ISO 13256-1:1998, and published a version denoted as ISO 
13256-1:1998 (RA 2012). DOE tentatively determined that there are no 
changes to ISO 13256-1:1998 in the reaffirmed 2012 version. ISO 13256-
1:1998 is also referenced in ASHRAE Standard 90.1 as the test procedure 
for testing and rating WSHPs. ASHRAE Standard 90.1 was updated on 
October 26, 2016, and this update references the reaffirmed version of 
ISO 13256-1:1998 that DOE tentatively determined contains no changes 
from the version of ISO 13256-1:1998 referenced in the previous version 
of ASHRAE Standard 90.1. Because neither of these actions by the 
relevant industry standard-setting bodies contained substantive changes 
to the industry standards already incorporated by reference, DOE has 
tentatively concluded that the statutory trigger

[[Page 29052]]

provisions of 42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(4)(B) do not require DOE to review its 
WSHP test procedure at this time. Instead, if DOE determines, based 
upon its assessment of the information submitted in response to the 
RFI, that a rulemaking is necessary for a reevaluation of the WSHP test 
procedure, DOE would conduct such review under EPCA's 7-year-lookback 
authority. (42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(1))
2. Potential for Harmonization With ANSI/ASHRAE 37-2009
    The test method used in ISO 13256-1:1998 is similar to the American 
National Standards Institute (ANSI)/ASHRAE 37-2009, ``Methods of 
Testing for Rating Electrically Driven Unitary Air-Conditioning and 
Heat Pump Equipment'' (ANSI/ASHRAE 37-2009). ANSI/ASHRAE 37-2009 is the 
method referenced by the 2007 and 2015 versions of AHRI 340/360, 
``Standard for Performance Rating of Commercial and Industrial Unitary 
Air-Conditioning and Heat Pump Equipment'' (AHRI 340/360). The 2015 
version of AHRI 340/360 is referenced by ASHRAE Standard 90.1 for 
testing water-cooled commercial unitary air conditioners (WCUACs). DOE 
is considering whether using the same method of test for WSHPs and 
WCUACs is appropriate, given the similarities in the design of WSHPs 
and WCUACs.
    Issue 10: DOE seeks comment on whether a single test method could 
be used for both WSHPs and WCUACs. DOE also seeks comment on any 
aspects of design, installation, and application of WSHPs that would 
make the use of ANSI/ASHRAE 37-2009 infeasible for WSHPs.
    ISO 13256-1:1998 determines total cooling and heating capacities by 
averaging the results obtained using two test methods: The liquid 
enthalpy test method for the liquid side tests and the indoor air 
enthalpy test method for the air side tests. For non-ducted equipment, 
ISO 13256-1:1998 includes an option for conducting the air-side tests 
using the calorimeter room test method instead of the air enthalpy test 
method. The test standard also specifies that, for a test to be valid, 
the results obtained by the two methods used must agree within 5 
percent. ANSI/ASHRAE 37-2009 requires two capacity measurements as well 
(i.e., for units with cooling capacity less than 135,000 Btu/h); the 
first method of measurement (i.e., the primary method) is used as the 
determination of the unit's capacity, while the second measurement 
(i.e., the secondary method) is used to confirm rather than to be 
averaged with the primary measurement.
    Issue 11: DOE requests information on whether one of the two 
capacity measurements prescribed in ISO 13256-1:1998 consistently gives 
a higher or lower result than the other or whether one of the methods 
can be considered more accurate for a range of different WSHP 
configurations and models. In addition, DOE requests comment on whether 
the ANSI/ASHRAE 37-2009 approach for determination of rated capacity 
(i.e., using the primary method's measurement as the rated capacity 
rather than averaging the two capacity measurements) would result in 
more representative ratings than the ISO 13256-1:1998 approach.
3. Accounting for Compressor Heat When Testing Split Systems
    DOE has identified split-system WSHPs available on the market. For 
at least one of these split-system WSHP, the unit containing the 
compressor is intended for either indoor or outdoor installation. Where 
the compressor is installed in relation to the conditioned space and 
other system components impacts the capacity of the WSHP system and the 
provisions necessary for accurately measuring system capacity. DOE is 
considering whether the test procedure needs to provide additional 
specifications for split systems in order to properly account for 
compressor heat during testing of such WSHPs.
    ISO 13256-1:1998 requires use of two methods to measure space-
conditioning capacity provided by a WSHP. One of these methods, the 
indoor air enthalpy method (see normative annex B of ISO 13256-1:1998), 
measures capacity directly by measuring mass flow and enthalpy change 
of the indoor air.\3\ The second method, the liquid enthalpy test 
method (see normative annex C of ISO 13256-1:1998), measures heat 
transferred at the liquid coil. This measurement is adjusted by adding 
or subtracting the total unit input power (including the compressor 
input power) from the measured liquid side capacity in the heating or 
cooling mode tests, respectively, using the equations in normative 
annex C of ISO 13256-1:1998. This adjustment assumes that all 
compressor heat is absorbed and ultimately transferred to the 
conditioned space, increasing heating capacity or decreasing cooling 
capacity. This ignores any heat transferred from the components (e.g., 
pump, fan, compressor, controls) to their surroundings that does not 
contribute to space conditioning. ISO 13256-1:1998 may not accurately 
account for component losses (in the form of heat) for the indoor air 
enthalpy method either. The indoor air enthalpy method does not appear 
to capture any impacts of the heat transferred by the components if the 
equipment or the test facility are not designed or set up to ensure the 
heat is captured.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \3\ The alternative calorimeter room test method (see normative 
annex E of ISO 13256-1:1998), allowed to be used instead of the 
indoor air enthalpy method for ductless WSHPs, also measures indoor 
space-conditioning capacity directly.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For testing of single-package WSHPs, ISO 13256-1:1998 provides 
specific instructions to ensure that all energy flows (including heat 
transfer) are accounted for appropriately. Specifically, section F7.5 
of ISO 13256-1:1998 indicates that an enclosure as shown in Figure F-3 
should be used when the compressor is in the indoor section and 
separately ventilated (i.e., air that absorbs compressor heat would not 
combine with supply air, which is used to measure capacity). Figure F-3 
shows an insulated enclosure surrounding the indoor unit that ensures 
that separately-ventilated compressor air recombines with supply air to 
be included in capacity measurements. Hence, the heat rejected from the 
compressor shell is accounted for in the indoor air enthalpy method 
measurement. This test arrangement also reflects field performance of 
the WSHP because any compressor heat rejected to the indoors will heat 
the space, reducing cooling capacity and increasing heating capacity. 
For WSHPs where the compressor is in the indoor section but not 
separately ventilated, the air that absorbs compressor heat combines 
with supply air and is accounted for in the indoor air enthalpy 
capacity measurements without the need for the enclosure in Figure F-3.
    As discussed previously, for split-system WSHPs with the compressor 
in the liquid coil section, some of the compressor heat may be 
transferred to the ambient air surrounding the compressor/coil section 
and, therefore, may not be captured in the space-conditioning 
measurement. Under ISO 13256-1:1998, if a separate compressor/liquid 
coil section is placed in the indoor room (as shown in Figure F-1 of 
ISO 13256-1:1998), the compressor heat would not be captured by the 
indoor air enthalpy method, even though it does add heat to the indoor 
room. For a split-system WSHP for which the compressor/liquid coil 
section is always installed indoors, this issue might be remedied by 
using an arrangement similar to Figure F-3 and installing both the 
compressor/liquid coil section and the indoor air section (i.e., the 
section that includes the air-to-refrigerant coil) in the insulated 
enclosure, so that any

[[Page 29053]]

heat associated with compressor cooling contributes to warming of the 
indoor air.
    In contrast, for a split-system WSHP for which the compressor/
liquid coil section is always installed outdoors, the air that absorbs 
compressor heat would not directly affect the conditioned space. For 
such a case, the arrangement of Figure F-1 of the test standard and 
avoiding adjustments that assume that the compressor heat that is 
absorbed by outdoor air is combined with supply air would be 
appropriate. However, for such a case, ambient temperature conditions 
surrounding the outdoor section in field installations would likely be 
warmer than the indoor conditions specified in ISO 13256-1:1998 (or 
cooler than indoor conditions when operating in heating mode), which 
might affect system performance in a different way. In addition, adding 
or subtracting the entire compressor input power to or from the 
capacity calculated based on liquid temperature change likely 
overestimates the impact of compressor power input on the indoor-side 
capacity that is calculated using the liquid enthalpy-based method. 
ANSI/ASHRAE 37-2009 also includes a capacity measurement method for 
systems with outdoor coils that reject or absorb heat from a flowing 
liquid. However, this ``outdoor liquid coil method'' may not be used if 
the compressor is cooled (ventilated) by outdoor air (see ANSI/ASHRAE 
37-2009, table 1 and section 7.6.1.2). This restriction applies because 
determination of cooling or heating capacity for a system with outdoor-
air cooling of the compressor requires accounting for the compressor 
heat transferred to the outdoor air, the measurement of which is not 
specified in the outdoor liquid coil method. In contrast, ISO 13256-
1:1998 does not include any restrictions on use of the liquid enthalpy 
test method--in fact, it is required for testing all WSHPs. The 
approach may have to be modified to be suitable for split-system WSHPs 
for which the compressor is housed in a section located outdoors.
    Issue 12: DOE seeks comment on whether there are split-system WSHPs 
on the market for which the unit containing the compressor is intended 
only for outdoor installation or only for indoor installation (or 
whether all such units can be used for either indoor or outdoor 
installation). DOE also seeks information regarding manufacturers' 
practices for testing split-system WSHPs for which the compressor is 
not housed in the section containing the indoor refrigerant-to-air 
coil. First, for units in which the compressor section is to be 
installed outdoors, DOE seeks comment on whether manufacturers test 
these units using ``outdoor'' rooms for the outdoor section, and, if 
so, what outdoor room conditions are used for the test. Second, for 
testing systems for which the compressor section is to be installed 
indoors, DOE seeks comment regarding what provisions are adopted during 
testing to properly account for the compressor heat. For both 
situations, DOE also seeks comment on whether any adjustments are made 
to the capacity equations in order to properly account for the 
compressor heat.
4. Refrigerant Line Losses
    Split-system WSHPs have refrigerant lines that can transfer heat to 
and from their surroundings, which can incrementally affect measured 
capacity. ISO 13256-1:1998 indicates, for both the indoor air enthalpy 
test method (annex B) and the liquid enthalpy test method (annex C), in 
sections B4.2 and C3.3 of the industry standard, that if line loss 
corrections are to be made, they shall be included in the capacity 
calculations. DOE believes that these procedures may benefit from 
additional specificity, specifically regarding what circumstances 
require line loss corrections and what method to use to determine an 
appropriate correction.
    DOE notes that sections 7.3.3.4 and 7.3.4.4 of ANSI/ASHRAE 37-2009 
prescribe methods for calculating and including line losses for both 
heating and cooling capacity calculations in the outdoor air enthalpy 
method, in order to obtain an energy balance with results from the 
indoor air enthalpy method; these procedures and calculations are for 
air-cooled split systems in which the ``outdoor unit'' is generally 
located outdoors. In contrast, the ``outdoor unit'' for a split-system 
WSHP (i.e., the section that contains the liquid/refrigerant heat 
exchanger) could be located either outdoors or indoors. Similar to the 
issue of accounting for compressor heat (as discussed in section 
II.C.3), for a split-system WSHP for which the compressor/liquid coil 
section is always installed indoors, the impacts of refrigerant line 
losses on capacity could be captured by using the arrangement of Figure 
F-3 in Annex F of ISO 13256-1:1998 and installing the compressor/liquid 
coil section in the insulated enclosure, so that any heat transfer from 
the refrigerant lines to the surrounding air contribute to warming or 
cooling of the indoor air. When such a system is tested in this 
fashion, line loss calculations may not be needed. However, there may 
be test scenarios for which line loss calculations are needed.
    Issue 13: DOE requests comment on whether the methods prescribed in 
ANSI/ASHRAE 37-2009 for calculating line losses are appropriate for 
WSHPs. In addition, DOE requests comment on what modification might be 
made to the procedure in ISO 13256-1:1998 in order to address further 
refrigerant line losses--specifically, what test situations require 
their use in the capacity calculations, and which do not. DOE also 
requests comment on how manufacturers of split-system WSHPs currently 
incorporate line loss adjustments into both heating and cooling 
capacity calculations. Further, DOE requests comment on whether 
manufacturers of split-system WSHPs use test set-ups that capture the 
effects of refrigerant line losses in capacity measurements (e.g., 
installing both the indoor coil and liquid coil sections of the split-
system WSHP within an insulated enclosure).
5. Standardized Heat Capacity for Water
    For the liquid enthalpy test method in annex C of ISO 13256-1:1998, 
the variables used to calculate the heating and cooling capacity 
include liquid mass flow rate, specific heat capacity of the liquid, 
liquid temperatures entering and leaving the unit, and total unit 
power. The test standard requires the use of water as the liquid medium 
when testing water-loop heat pumps; however, no value or method for 
calculating the specific heat capacity of water is provided. 
Specification of a standard value or calculation method for the 
specific heat capacity of water may improve the repeatability of the 
WSHP test procedure.
    Issue 14: DOE seeks comment on whether a standard value or 
calculation method for the specific heat capacity of water should be 
specified in the WSHP test procedure for calculating the capacity of 
WSHPs when using the liquid enthalpy method. If a standard value should 
be used, DOE seeks comments on what that value should be.
6. Discharge Coefficients for Airflow Measurement
    ISO 13256-1:1998 section D.1 requires airflow measurements to be 
made in accordance with the provisions specified in several different 
industry test standards, ``as appropriate.'' \4\ However, ISO 13256-
1:1998 is not explicit regarding the circumstances under which the 
different airflow

[[Page 29054]]

measurement approaches included in these industry test standards should 
be used.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \4\ ISO 3966:1977, ``Measurement of fluid flow in closed 
conduits--Velocity area method using Pitot static tubes;'' ISO 5167-
1:1991, ``Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure 
differential devices--Part 1: Orifice plates, nozzles and Venturi 
tubes inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full;'' 
and ISO 5221:1984, ``Air Distribution and air diffusion--Rules to 
methods of measuring airflow rate in an air handling duct.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Some of the airflow measurement approaches specified in ISO 13256-
1:1998 use a nozzle apparatus. Airflow can be derived from measuring 
the change in pressure across a nozzle of known geometry. Airflow 
derivations using this approach often include a discharge coefficient 
(i.e., the ratio of actual discharge air to theoretical discharge air) 
to account for factors that reduce the actual discharge air, such as 
nozzle resistance and airflow turbulence. In general, as the nozzle 
throat diameter decreases, nozzle resistance increases, thereby 
reducing actual discharge which is characterized by a lower discharge 
coefficient. Turbulent airflow (as characterized by Reynolds numbers 
\5\) and temperature also impact the discharge coefficient. Section 
F8.9 of annex F to ISO 13256-1:1998 uses a look-up table that specifies 
the discharge coefficient based on the eight different Reynolds numbers 
for nozzles with a throat diameter smaller than 12.5 centimeters, and a 
fixed discharge coefficient of 0.99 for nozzles with a throat diameter 
equal to or greater than 12.5 centimeters. In contrast, ANSI/ASHRAE 37-
2009, which is a common industry standard for measuring airflow for 
similar equipment, includes provisions regarding the nozzle airflow 
measuring apparatus that are identical to the provisions in ISO 13256-
1:1998, except for the method used to determine the coefficient of 
discharge. ANSI/ASHRAE 37-2009 uses a calculation to determine the 
discharge coefficient for nozzles with a throat diameter smaller than 
25 centimeters, and a fixed discharge coefficient of 0.99 for nozzles 
with a throat diameter equal to or greater than 25 centimeters.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \5\ Reynolds number is a dimensionless number that characterizes 
the flow properties of a fluid. Section F8.9 of ISO 13256-1:1998 
includes an equation for calculating Reynolds number that depends on 
a temperature factor, air velocity, and throat diameter.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    ISO 13256-1:1998 section F8.9 uses a second lookup table that 
specifies the temperature factor, used to calculate the Reynolds 
number, based on eight different air temperatures. For measured air 
temperature and calculated Reynolds numbers, ISO 13256-1:1998 does not 
specify what approach should be applied to determine the coefficient of 
discharge for air temperatures and Reynolds numbers that fall between 
the values specified in the look-up tables.
    Issue 15: DOE requests comment on which of the methods specified in 
ISO 13256-1:1998 (i.e., ISO 3966:1977, ISO 5167-1:1991, and ISO 
5221:1984) are used by manufacturers to measure airflow of WSHPs, and 
whether this varies based on WSHP capacity or configuration. DOE 
requests comment on whether it should incorporate by reference 
additional industry test standards that outline the calculation method 
for airflow, such as ANSI/ASHRAE 37-2009. DOE also requests information 
on how manufacturers determine the coefficient of discharge for air 
temperatures and Reynolds numbers that fall between the values 
specified in the look-up table in section F8.9 of annex F to ISO 13256-
1:1998.
7. Duct Loss Adjustments
    In the calculations for cooling and heating capacities for the 
indoor air enthalpy test method of ISO 13256-1: 1998, the test standard 
includes a footnote in sections B3 and B4 of annex B stating that the 
equations do not provide allowances for heat leakage in the test 
equipment (i.e., duct losses). In contrast, section 7.3.3.3 of ANSI/
ASHRAE 37-2009 addresses duct loss adjustments.
    Issue 16: DOE requests confirmation whether the duct loss 
adjustments as described in section 7.3.3.3 of ANSI/ASHRAE 37-2009 are 
used to adjust capacity measured using the indoor air enthalpy method 
when testing WSHPs. DOE requests comment on whether any other type of 
adjustments are used to address the fact that the capacity equations of 
ISO 13256-1:1998 do not provide allowances for heat leakage in the test 
equipment.
8. Water Flow Rate
    Section 4.1.6 of ISO 13256-1:1998 indicates that WSHPs shall be 
tested using the water flow rate specified by the manufacturer, with a 
few exceptions depending on whether the WSHP includes an integral pump 
and whether the flow rate is automatically adjusted. DOE has reviewed 
publicly-available WSHP product literature and notes that manufacturers 
often list multiple water flow rates in performance data.
    In contrast, the test method for WCUACs (AHRI 340/360-2007) 
specifies both the water inlet and outlet temperatures to be 85 [deg]F 
and 95 [deg]F, respectively, which determines the water flow rate 
setting. ISO 13256-1:1998 does not include water outlet temperature 
rating conditions for WSHPs, so the water flow rate cannot be set by 
adjusting to match the prescribed test conditions.
    Issue 17: DOE requests comment on how manufacturers select water 
flow rate when testing WSHPs in cases where multiple flow rates are 
provided in product literature. DOE also requests comment on what the 
typical water temperature rise is during testing, and whether the 
typical test temperature rise is representative of field operation.
9. Indoor Air Measurements
    Indoor air temperature and humidity are key parameters that affect 
WSHP performance, and for this reason, ISO 13256-1:1998 requires 
accurate indoor air condition measurements. However, DOE has 
tentatively determined that the method set forth in ISO 13256-1:1998 
would benefit from additional specification as to indoor air 
temperature measurement. For air-cooled and evaporatively-cooled 
commercial unitary air conditioners, Appendix C of AHRI 340/360-2015 
provides details on entering outdoor air temperature measurement, 
including air sampling tree and aspirating psychrometer requirements, 
but AHRI 340/360-2015 does not state that these provisions apply for 
measurement of entering indoor air temperature and leaving indoor air 
temperature. DOE is considering whether the requirements contained in 
Appendix C of AHRI 340/360-2015 (excluding the temperature uniformity 
requirements in Table C2) would be appropriate for indoor air 
measurements for testing WSHPs.
    Issue 18: DOE requests comment on whether the requirements for 
outdoor entering air measurement in Appendix C of AHRI Standard 340/
360-2015 (excluding the temperature uniformity requirements in Table 
C2), such as air sampling requirements and aspirating psychrometer 
requirements, would be appropriate for measurement of indoor air 
entering and leaving temperatures for WSHPs.
10. Refrigerant Charging
    ISO 13256-1:1998 does not provide any specific guidance on setting 
and verifying the refrigerant charge of a unit. In a test procedure 
final rule for central air conditioners (CACs) and heat pumps (HPs) 
published on June 8, 2016 (``June 2016 CAC TP final rule''), DOE 
established a comprehensive approach for refrigerant charging that 
improves test reproducibility. 81 FR 36992, 37030-37031. The approach 
specifies which set of installation instructions to use for charging, 
explains what to do if there are no instructions, specifies that target 
values of parameters are the centers of the ranges allowed by 
installation instructions, and specifies tolerances for the measured 
values. Id. The approach also requires that refrigerant line pressure 
gauges be installed for single-package units, unless otherwise 
specified in manufacturer

[[Page 29055]]

instructions. Id. These methods could be considered for the WSHP test 
procedure.
    Issue 19: DOE seeks comment on whether it would be appropriate to 
adopt an approach for charging requirements for WSHPs similar or 
identical to the approach adopted in the June 2016 CAC TP final rule. 
DOE seeks comments regarding which parts of the approach should or 
should not be adopted, and for what reasons they might or might not be 
suitable for application to WSHPs. DOE is also interested in receiving 
data that demonstrate how sensitive the performance of a WSHP is 
relative to changes in the various charge indicators used for different 
charging methods, specifically the method based on sub-cooling.
11. Voltage
    ISO 13256-1:1998 requires that for units rated with dual nameplate 
voltages, the test be performed at both voltages or at the lower 
voltage if only a single rating is to be published. DOE understands 
that voltage can affect the measured efficiency of air conditioners and 
is, therefore, considering adding provisions to its test procedure that 
specify at which nameplate voltage to conduct the test for dual 
nameplate voltage units.
    Issue 20: DOE requests data and information demonstrating the 
effect of voltage on air conditioning equipment (including, but not 
limited to, WSHPs). Specifically, DOE seeks comment on whether there is 
a consistent relationship between voltage and efficiency, and if so, 
whether testing at a lower voltage will typically result in a higher or 
lower tested efficiency. Further, DOE requests feedback on whether 
certain voltages within common dual nameplate voltage ratings (e.g., 
208/230 V) are more representative of typical field installation.

D. Other Test Procedure Topics

    In addition to the issues identified earlier in this document, DOE 
welcomes comment on any other aspect of the existing test procedures 
for WSHPs not already addressed by the specific areas identified in 
this document. DOE particularly seeks information that would improve 
the repeatability, reproducibility of the test procedures, as well as 
the ability of the test procedure to provide results that are 
representative of actual use. DOE also requests information that would 
help DOE create a procedure that would limit manufacturer test burden 
through streamlining or simplifying testing requirements. Comments 
regarding the repeatability and reproducibility are also welcome.
    DOE also requests feedback on any potential amendments to the 
existing test procedure that could be considered to address impacts on 
manufacturers, including small businesses. Regarding the DOE test 
method, DOE seeks comment on the degree to which the DOE test procedure 
should consider and be harmonized with the most recent relevant 
industry standards for WSHPs, and whether there are any changes to the 
DOE test method that would provide additional benefits to the public. 
DOE also requests comment on the benefits and burdens of adopting any 
industry/voluntary consensus-based or other appropriate test procedure, 
without modification. As discussed, the current DOE test procedure 
relies on ISO 13256-1:1998, with some additional provisions specified 
for equipment set-up. 10 CFR 431.96(e).
    Additionally, DOE requests comment on whether the existing test 
procedures limit a manufacturer's ability to provide additional 
features to consumers of WSHPs. DOE particularly seeks information on 
how the test procedures could be amended to reduce the cost of new or 
additional features and make it more likely that such features are 
included on WSHPs.

III. Submission of Comments

    DOE invites all interested parties to submit in writing by July 23, 
2018, comments and information on matters addressed in this notice and 
on other matters relevant to DOE's consideration of amended test 
procedures for WSHPs. These comments and information will aid in the 
development of a test procedure NOPR for WSHPs if DOE determines that 
amended test procedures may be appropriate for this equipment.
    Submitting comments via https://www.regulations.gov. The https://www.regulations.gov web page will require you to provide your name and 
contact information. Your contact information will be viewable to DOE 
Building Technologies staff only. Your contact information will not be 
publicly viewable except for your first and last names, organization 
name (if any), and submitter representative name (if any). If your 
comment is not processed properly because of technical difficulties, 
DOE will use this information to contact you. If DOE cannot read your 
comment due to technical difficulties and cannot contact you for 
clarification, DOE may not be able to consider your comment.
    However, your contact information will be publicly viewable if you 
include it in the comment or in any documents attached to your comment. 
Any information that you do not want to be publicly viewable should not 
be included in your comment, nor in any document attached to your 
comment. Persons viewing comments will see only first and last names, 
organization names, correspondence containing comments, and any 
documents submitted with the comments.
    Do not submit to https://www.regulations.gov information for which 
disclosure is restricted by statute, such as trade secrets and 
commercial or financial information (hereinafter referred to as 
Confidential Business Information (``CBI'')). Comments submitted 
through https://www.regulations.gov cannot be claimed as CBI. Comments 
received through the website will waive any CBI claims for the 
information submitted. For information on submitting CBI, see the 
Confidential Business Information section.
    DOE processes submissions made through https://www.regulations.gov 
before posting. Normally, comments will be posted within a few days of 
being submitted. However, if large volumes of comments are being 
processed simultaneously, your comment may not be viewable for up to 
several weeks. Please keep the comment tracking number that https://www.regulations.gov provides after you have successfully uploaded your 
comment.
    Submitting comments via email, hand delivery, or mail. Comments and 
documents submitted via email, hand delivery, or mail also will be 
posted to https://www.regulations.gov. If you do not want your personal 
contact information to be publicly viewable, do not include it in your 
comment or any accompanying documents. Instead, provide your contact 
information on a cover letter. Include your first and last names, email 
address, telephone number, and optional mailing address. The cover 
letter will not be publicly viewable as long as it does not include any 
comments.
    Include contact information each time you submit comments, data, 
documents, and other information to DOE. If you submit via mail or hand 
delivery, please provide all items on a CD, if feasible. It is not 
necessary to submit printed copies. No facsimiles (faxes) will be 
accepted.
    Comments, data, and other information submitted to DOE 
electronically should be provided in PDF (preferred), Microsoft Word or 
Excel, WordPerfect, or text (ASCII) file format. Provide documents that 
are not

[[Page 29056]]

secured, written in English and free of any defects or viruses. 
Documents should not contain special characters or any form of 
encryption and, if possible, they should carry the electronic signature 
of the author.
    Campaign form letters. Please submit campaign form letters by the 
originating organization in batches of between 50 to 500 form letters 
per PDF or as one form letter with a list of supporters' names compiled 
into one or more PDFs. This reduces comment processing and posting 
time.
    Confidential Business Information. According to 10 CFR 1004.11, any 
person submitting information that he or she believes to be 
confidential and exempt by law from public disclosure should submit via 
email, postal mail, or hand delivery two well-marked copies: One copy 
of the document marked confidential including all the information 
believed to be confidential, and one copy of the document marked ``non-
confidential'' with the information believed to be confidential 
deleted. Submit these documents via email or on a CD, if feasible. DOE 
will make its own determination about the confidential status of the 
information and treat it according to its determination.
    Factors of interest to DOE when evaluating requests to treat 
submitted information as confidential include (1) a description of the 
items, (2) whether and why such items are customarily treated as 
confidential within the industry, (3) whether the information is 
generally known by or available from other sources, (4) whether the 
information has previously been made available to others without 
obligation concerning its confidentiality, (5) an explanation of the 
competitive injury to the submitting person which would result from 
public disclosure, (6) when such information might lose its 
confidential character due to the passage of time, and (7) why 
disclosure of the information would be contrary to the public interest.
    It is DOE's policy that all comments may be included in the public 
docket, without change and as received, including any personal 
information provided in the comments (except information deemed to be 
exempt from public disclosure).
    DOE considers public participation to be a very important part of 
the process for developing test procedures and energy conservation 
standards. DOE actively encourages the participation and interaction of 
the public during the comment period in each stage of a rulemaking 
process. Interactions with and between members of the public provide a 
balanced discussion of the issues and assist DOE in a rulemaking 
process. Anyone who wishes to be added to the DOE mailing list to 
receive future notices and information about this proceeding should 
contact Appliance and Equipment Standards Program staff at (202) 287- 
1445 or via email at [email protected].

    Signed in Washington, DC, on June 18, 2018.
Kathleen B. Hogan,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency, Energy Efficiency and 
Renewable Energy.
[FR Doc. 2018-13430 Filed 6-21-18; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 6450-01-P