Special Conditions: Textron Aviation, Inc., Model C90A King Air; Installation of Electronic Engine Control System, 9176-9178 [2018-04417]
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9176
Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 43 / Monday, March 5, 2018 / Rules and Regulations
Office having jurisdiction over the
school’’ and add, in their place, the
words ‘‘responsible Flight Standards
office’’.
§ 141.67
[Amended]
140. In § 141.67(d)(2), remove the
words ‘‘an FAA Flight Standards
District Office’’ and add, in their place,
the words ‘‘the responsible Flight
Standards office ’’.
■
§ 141.87
[Amended]
141. In § 141.87(a), remove the words
‘‘Flight Standards District Office that
has jurisdiction over the area’’ and add,
in their place, the words ‘‘responsible
Flight Standards office’’.
■
PART 142—TRAINING CENTERS
142. The authority citation for part
142 continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113,
40119, 44101, 44701–44703, 44705, 44707,
44709–44711, 45102–45103, 45301–45302.
§ 142.11
143. In § 142.11(a)(2), remove the
words ‘‘FAA Flight Standards District
Office that has jurisdiction over’’ and
add, in their place, the words
‘‘responsible Flight Standards office
for’’.
[Amended]
148. In § 183.33(a), remove the words
‘‘Director of’’ everywhere they appear
and add, in their place, the words
‘‘Executive Director,’’.
■
Issued under authority provided by 49
U.S.C. 106(f), 44701(a), and 44703 in
Washington, DC, on January 24, 2018.
Daniel K. Elwell,
Acting Administrator.
[FR Doc. 2018–03374 Filed 3–2–18; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 23
[Docket No. FAA–2018–0090; Special
Conditions No. 23–286–SC]
PART 145—REPAIRS STATIONS
144. The authority citation for part
145 continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701–
44702, 44704, 44709, 44717.
§ 145.163, 145.207, 145.209, 145.211,
145.215, and 145.217 [Amended]
145. In 14 CFR part 145, remove all
references to ‘‘certificate holding district
office’’ and add, in their place, the
words ‘‘responsible Flight Standards
office’’ in the following places:
■ a. Section 145.163(d);
■ b. Section 145.207(d) and (e);
■ c. Section 145.209(d)(1), (e), (h)(1) and
(2), and (j);
■ d. Section 145.211(c)(4) and (d);
■ e. Section 145.215(d); and
■ f. Section 145.217(a)(2) introductory
text.
■
PART 183—REPRESENTATIVES OF
THE ADMINISTRATOR
146. The authority citation for part
183 continues to read as follows:
■
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with RULES
§ 183.33
[Amended]
■
Authority: 31 U.S.C. 9701; 49 U.S.C.
106(f), 106(g), 40113, 44702, 45303.
§ 183.11
Office, or the Manager’s designee,’’ and
add, in their place, the words ‘‘Aircraft
Certification Service’’.
■ b. In paragraph (c)(2), remove the
words ‘‘Manager, Aircraft Certification
Directorate, or the Manager’s designee,’’
and add, in their place, the words
‘‘Aircraft Certification Service’’.
■ c. In paragraph (e), remove the words
‘‘Director, Aircraft Certification Service,
or the Director’s designee,’’ and add, in
their place, the words ‘‘Aircraft
Certification Service’’.
[Amended]
147. Amend § 183.11 as follows:
a. In paragraph (c)(1), remove the
words ‘‘Manager, Aircraft Certification
■
■
VerDate Sep<11>2014
15:56 Mar 02, 2018
Jkt 244001
Special Conditions: Textron Aviation,
Inc., Model C90A King Air; Installation
of Electronic Engine Control System
Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final special conditions; request
for comments.
AGENCY:
These special conditions are
issued for the Textron Aviation, Inc.,
model C90A King Air airplane. This
airplane as modified by Nextant
Aerospace will have a novel or unusual
design feature associated with
installation of an engine that includes
an electronic engine control system. The
applicable airworthiness regulations do
not contain adequate or appropriate
safety standards for this design feature.
These special conditions contain the
additional safety standards that the
Administrator considers necessary to
establish a level of safety equivalent to
that established by the existing
airworthiness standards.
DATES: The effective date of these
special conditions is March 5, 2018.
We must receive your comments by
April 4, 2018.
ADDRESSES: Send comments identified
by docket number FAA–2018–0090
using any of the following methods:
SUMMARY:
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• Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to
https://www.regulations.gov and follow
the online instructions for sending your
comments electronically.
• Mail: Send comments to Docket
Operations, M–30, U.S. Department of
Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE, Room W12–140, West
Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC
20590–0001.
• Hand Delivery of Courier: Take
comments to Docket Operations in
Room W12–140 of the West Building
Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE, Washington, DC, between 9
a.m., and 5 p.m., Monday through
Friday, except Federal holidays.
• Fax: Fax comments to Docket
Operations at 202–493–2251.
Privacy: The FAA will post all
comments it receives, without change,
to https://regulations.gov, including any
personal information the commenter
provides. Using the search function of
the docket website, anyone can find and
read the electronic form of all comments
received into any FAA docket,
including the name of the individual
sending the comment (or signing the
comment for an association, business,
labor union, etc.). DOT’s complete
Privacy Act Statement can be found in
the Federal Register published on April
11, 2000 (65 FR 19477–19478), as well
as at https://DocketsInfo.dot.gov.
Docket: Background documents or
comments received may be read at
https://www.regulations.gov at any time.
Follow the online instructions for
accessing the docket or go to the Docket
Operations in Room W12–140 of the
West Building Ground Floor at 1200
New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington,
DC, between 9 a.m., and 5 p.m., Monday
through Friday, except Federal holidays.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jeff
Pretz, Federal Aviation Administration,
Aircraft Certification Service, Policy &
Innovation Division, Small Airplane
Standards Branch, AIR–691, 901 Locust,
Room 301, Kansas City, MO 64106;
telephone (816) 329–3239; facsimile
(816) 329–4090.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The FAA
has determined that notice and
opportunity for prior public comment
hereon are impracticable because these
procedures would significantly delay
issuance of the approval design and
thus delivery of the affected aircraft. In
addition, the FAA has determined, in
accordance with 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(3)(B)
and 553(d)(3), that notice and
opportunity for prior public comment
hereon are unnecessary because the
substance of these special conditions
has been subject to the public comment
process in several prior instances with
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no substantive comments received. The
FAA therefore finds that good cause
exists for making these special
conditions effective upon issuance.
Special
conditions No.
23–01–05–SC 1
23–10–03–SC 2
23–98–03–SC 3
Company/airplane model
Eclipse Aviation Corporation/Model 500.
Diamond Aircraft Industries/Model DA–40NG.
Raytheon Aircraft Company/Model 3000.
Comments Invited
We invite interested people to take
part in this rulemaking by sending
written comments, data, or views. The
most helpful comments reference a
specific portion of the special
conditions, explain the reason for any
recommended change, and include
supporting data. We ask that you send
us two copies of written comments.
We will consider all comments we
receive on or before the closing date for
comments. We will consider comments
filed late if it is possible to do so
without incurring expense or delay. We
may change these special conditions
based on the comments we receive.
Background
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with RULES
On January 12, 2016, Nextant
Aerospace applied for a supplemental
type certificate (STC) for installation of
two General Electric (GE) H75–100E
engines that include electronic engine
and propeller controls in the model
C90A King Air. The model C90A,
currently approved under Type
Certificate No. 3A20, is a normal
category twin turbo-propeller airplane
with a maximum capacity of up to 13
passengers and a maximum takeoff
weight of up to 9650 lbs. or 10,100 lbs.,
depending on the serial number
modified. The airplane includes two
Pratt & Whitney Corporation (PWC)
PT6A–21 engines and either Hartzell or
McCauley reversing propellers.
Nextant Aerospace originally received
an STC for the model C90A for
installation of two GE H75–100 engines.
Nextant Aerospace has made
application to amend the STC to install
GE H75–100E engines, which include
1 https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_
Library/rgSC.nsf/0/3B5A8ECF0327533486256B
80006AEF68?OpenDocument&Highlight=23-01-05sc.
2 https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_
Library/rgSC.nsf/0/4D1C0F36822269338625
7904004BC13F?OpenDocument&Highlight
=electronic%20engine%20control.
3 https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_
Library/rgSC.nsf/0/FF5633DA88FBF46586256B960
05F8AAF?OpenDocument&Highlight=electronic
%20engine%20control.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
15:56 Mar 02, 2018
Jkt 244001
single channel analog supervisory
electronic engine controls (EECs) in
addition to the existing mechanical
engine controls. The EEC does not
include any software, but does provide
single lever control for both the fuel
metering and propeller control. The EEC
also ensures the engine and propeller
remain within their operating limits
throughout the approved operating
range, including propeller reverse
operation and starting. Loss of the EEC
results in the pilot control of the hydromechanical metering/shut-off lever.
The Nextant Aerospace installation of
GE H75–100E engines in the model
C90A King Air use an electronic engine
control system (a single channel
supervisory control with a mechanical
backup as opposed to a two-channel full
authority control with no mechanical
backup) instead of a traditional
mechanical only control system.
Although the engine control system is
certificated as part of the engine, the
installation of an engine with an
electronic control system requires
evaluation due to critical environmental
effects and possible effects on or by
other airplane systems. This includes
indirect effects of lightning, radio
interference with other airplane
electronic systems, shared engine and
airplane data, and power sources.
The regulatory requirements in 14
CFR part 23 for evaluating the
installation of complex systems,
including electronic systems and critical
environmental effects, are contained in
§§ 23.1306, 23.1308, and 23.1309.
However, when § 23.1309 was
developed, the use of electronic control
systems for engines was not envisioned.
The integral nature of these systems
makes it necessary to ensure the
airplane functions, which may be
included in the EEC, are properly
evaluated and that the installation does
not degrade the EEC reliability, which is
approved under part 33. Sections
23.1306(a) and 23.1308(a) are applied to
the EEC to ensure it remains equivalent
to a mechanical only system, which is
not generally susceptible to the High
Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF) and
lightning environments.
In some cases, the airplane in which
the engine is installed determines a
higher classification than the engine
controls are certificated for, requiring
the EEC systems be analyzed at a higher
classification. As of November 2005,
EEC special conditions mandated the
§ 23.1309 classification for loss of EEC
control as catastrophic for any airplane.
This is not to imply an engine failure is
classified as catastrophic, but that the
EEC must provide an equivalent
reliability to mechanical engine
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9177
controls. In addition, §§ 23.1141(e) and
25.901(b)(2) are applied to provide the
fault tolerant design requirements of
turbine engine mechanical controls to
the EEC and ensure adequate inspection
and maintenance interval for the EEC.
As this is a supervisory EEC with a
mechanical control backup, the intent of
this special condition is to ensure the
installation of both the EEC and
mechanical backup provide an
equivalent reliability to that expected of
a mechanical only control.
Part 23 did not envision the use of
electronic engine controls with either
full authority controls or supervisory
only controls, and lacks the specific
regulatory requirements necessary to
provide an adequate level of safety.
Therefore, special conditions are
necessary.
Type Certification Basis
Under the provisions of Title 14, Code
of Federal Regulations (CFR) 21.101,
Nextant Aerospace must show that the
model C90A, as changed, continues to
meet the applicable provisions of the
regulations incorporated by reference in
Type Certificate No. 3A20 or the
applicable regulations in effect on the
date of application for the change. The
regulations incorporated by reference in
the type certificate are commonly
referred to as the ‘‘original type
certification basis.’’ The regulations
incorporated by reference in 3A20 are as
follows: CAR 3, effective May 15, 1956,
amendments 3–1, 3–2, and 3–8; CAR 3,
amendment 3–6; and CAR 3 § 3.705,
amendment 3–7. In addition, the
certification basis includes special
conditions and some requirements from
14 CFR parts 23, 25, 36 and SFAR 27,
as noted on the Type Certificate Data
Sheet. If the Administrator finds that the
applicable airworthiness regulations in
part 23 do not contain adequate or
appropriate safety standards for the
model C90A because of a novel or
unusual design feature, special
conditions are prescribed under the
provisions of § 21.16.
In addition to the applicable
airworthiness regulations and special
conditions, the model C90A must
comply with the fuel vent and exhaust
emission requirements of 14 CFR part
34 and the noise certification
requirements of 14 CFR part 36.
The FAA issues special conditions, as
defined in § 11.19, under § 11.38 and
they become part of the type
certification basis under § 21.101.
Special conditions are initially
applicable to the model for which they
are issued. Should the applicant apply
for a supplemental type certificate to
modify any other model included on the
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Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 43 / Monday, March 5, 2018 / Rules and Regulations
same type certificate to incorporate the
same novel or unusual design feature,
the FAA would apply these special
conditions to the other model.
Novel or Unusual Design Features
The model C90A King Air will
incorporate the following novel or
unusual design features: The
installation of an Electronic Engine
Control (EEC) system.
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with RULES
Conclusion
This action affects only certain novel
or unusual design features on the model
C90A airplane. It is not a rule of general
applicability and affects only the
applicant who applied to the FAA for
approval of these features on the
airplane.
The substance of these special
conditions has been subjected to the
notice and comment period in several
prior instances, identified above, and
has been derived without substantive
change from those previously issued. It
is unlikely that prior public comment
would result in a significant change
from the substance contained herein.
Therefore, notice and opportunity for
prior public comment hereon are
unnecessary and the FAA finds good
cause, in accordance with 5 U.S. Code
§§ 553(b)(3)(B) and 553(d)(3), making
these special conditions effective upon
issuance. The FAA is requesting
comments to allow interested persons to
submit views that may not have been
submitted in response to the prior
opportunities for comment described
above.
Jkt 244001
Citation
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113
and 44701; 14 CFR 21.16 and 21.101; and 14
CFR 11.38 and 11.19.
Applicability
These special conditions are
applicable to the model C90A King Air
when modified by Nextant Aerospace.
Should Nextant Aerospace apply later
for a supplemental type certificate to
modify any other model included on
Type Certificate No. 3A20 to incorporate
the same novel or unusual design
feature, the FAA would apply these
special conditions to that model as well.
15:56 Mar 02, 2018
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Signs and
symbols.
The authority citation for these
special conditions is as follows:
Discussion
As defined in the summary section,
this airplane makes use of an electronic
engine control system in addition to a
traditional mechanical control system,
which is a novel design for this type of
airplane. The applicable airworthiness
regulations do not contain adequate or
appropriate safety standards for this
design feature. Mandating a structured
assessment to determine potential
installation issues mitigate the concerns
that the addition of an electronic engine
control does not produce a failure
condition not previously considered.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 23
The Special Conditions
safety assessment process. The term
‘‘probable’’ in ‘‘probable combination of
failures’’ means ‘‘foreseeable,’’ or those,
failure conditions anticipated to occur one or
more times during the operational life of each
airplane.
Issued in Kansas City, Missouri, on
February 16, 2018.
Pat Mullen,
Manager, Small Airplane Standards Branch,
Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2018–04417 Filed 3–2–18; 8:45 am]
Accordingly, pursuant to the
authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the following special
conditions are issued as part of the type
certification basis for Textron Aviation
(formerly Beechcraft); model C90A King
Air airplanes modified by Nextant
Aerospace.
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
1. Installation of Electronic Engine
Control System
[Docket No. FAA–2017–0900; Product
Identifier 2017–NM–055–AD; Amendment
39–19208; AD 2018–04–12]
a. For electronic engine control (EEC)
system installations, it must be
established that no single failure or
malfunction or probable combinations
of failures of EEC system components
will have an effect on the system, as
installed in the airplane, that causes the
Loss of Thrust Control (LOTC)
probability of the system to exceed
those allowed in part 33 certification.
b. Supervisory electronic engine
control system installations must be
evaluated for environmental and
atmospheric conditions, including
lightning. The EEC system lightning and
High Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF)
effects that would result in LOTC or an
unacceptable change in power or thrust
must be evaluated in accordance with
§§ 23.1306 and 23.1308.
c. The components of the installation
must be constructed, arranged, and
installed to ensure their continued safe
operation between normal inspections
or overhauls.
d. Functions incorporated into any
electronic engine control that make it
part of any equipment, systems or
installation whose functions are beyond
that of basic engine control and which
may also introduce system failures and
malfunctions, are not exempt from
§ 23.1309 and must be shown to meet
part 23 levels of safety as derived from
§ 23.1309. Part 33 certification data, if
applicable, may be used to show
compliance with any part 23
requirements. If part 33 data is used to
substantiate compliance with part 23
requirements, then the part 23 applicant
must be able to provide this data for
their showing of compliance.
Note: The term ‘‘probable’’ in the context
of ‘‘probable combination of failures’’ does
not have the same meaning as used for a
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 39
RIN 2120–AA64
Airworthiness Directives; The Boeing
Company Airplanes
Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final rule.
AGENCY:
We are adopting a new
airworthiness directive (AD) for all The
Boeing Company Model 737–100, –200,
–200C, –300, –400, –500 series
airplanes. This AD was prompted by a
report of wire damage on a fuel boost
pump power cable, and a separate
report of a fuel tank explosion on a
similarly equipped airplane. This AD
requires the installation of new shielded
wire bundles and convoluted liners
within fuel tank conduits, and revision
of the maintenance or inspection
program, as applicable, to incorporate
certain airworthiness limitations
(AWLs). We are issuing this AD to
address the unsafe condition on these
products.
DATES: This AD is effective April 9,
2018.
The Director of the Federal Register
approved the incorporation by reference
of certain publications listed in this AD
as of April 9, 2018.
ADDRESSES: For service information
identified in this final rule, contact
Boeing Commercial Airplanes,
Attention: Contractual & Data Services
(C&DS), 2600 Westminster Blvd., MC
110–SK57, Seal Beach, CA 90740–5600;
telephone 562–797–1717; internet
https://www.myboeingfleet.com. You
may view this service information at the
FAA, Transport Standards Branch, 2200
South 216th St., Des Moines, WA. For
information on the availability of this
SUMMARY:
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 43 (Monday, March 5, 2018)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 9176-9178]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2018-04417]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 23
[Docket No. FAA-2018-0090; Special Conditions No. 23-286-SC]
Special Conditions: Textron Aviation, Inc., Model C90A King Air;
Installation of Electronic Engine Control System
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final special conditions; request for comments.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: These special conditions are issued for the Textron Aviation,
Inc., model C90A King Air airplane. This airplane as modified by
Nextant Aerospace will have a novel or unusual design feature
associated with installation of an engine that includes an electronic
engine control system. The applicable airworthiness regulations do not
contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for this design
feature. These special conditions contain the additional safety
standards that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a
level of safety equivalent to that established by the existing
airworthiness standards.
DATES: The effective date of these special conditions is March 5, 2018.
We must receive your comments by April 4, 2018.
ADDRESSES: Send comments identified by docket number FAA-2018-0090
using any of the following methods:
Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to https://www.regulations.gov and follow the online instructions for sending your
comments electronically.
Mail: Send comments to Docket Operations, M-30, U.S.
Department of Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Room
W12-140, West Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC 20590-0001.
Hand Delivery of Courier: Take comments to Docket
Operations in Room W12-140 of the West Building Ground Floor at 1200
New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC, between 9 a.m., and 5 p.m.,
Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
Fax: Fax comments to Docket Operations at 202-493-2251.
Privacy: The FAA will post all comments it receives, without
change, to https://regulations.gov, including any personal information
the commenter provides. Using the search function of the docket
website, anyone can find and read the electronic form of all comments
received into any FAA docket, including the name of the individual
sending the comment (or signing the comment for an association,
business, labor union, etc.). DOT's complete Privacy Act Statement can
be found in the Federal Register published on April 11, 2000 (65 FR
19477-19478), as well as at https://DocketsInfo.dot.gov.
Docket: Background documents or comments received may be read at
https://www.regulations.gov at any time. Follow the online instructions
for accessing the docket or go to the Docket Operations in Room W12-140
of the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE,
Washington, DC, between 9 a.m., and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday,
except Federal holidays.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jeff Pretz, Federal Aviation
Administration, Aircraft Certification Service, Policy & Innovation
Division, Small Airplane Standards Branch, AIR-691, 901 Locust, Room
301, Kansas City, MO 64106; telephone (816) 329-3239; facsimile (816)
329-4090.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The FAA has determined that notice and
opportunity for prior public comment hereon are impracticable because
these procedures would significantly delay issuance of the approval
design and thus delivery of the affected aircraft. In addition, the FAA
has determined, in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(3)(B) and 553(d)(3),
that notice and opportunity for prior public comment hereon are
unnecessary because the substance of these special conditions has been
subject to the public comment process in several prior instances with
[[Page 9177]]
no substantive comments received. The FAA therefore finds that good
cause exists for making these special conditions effective upon
issuance.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Special conditions No. Company/airplane model
------------------------------------------------------------------------
23-01-05-SC \1\....................... Eclipse Aviation Corporation/
Model 500.
23-10-03-SC \2\....................... Diamond Aircraft Industries/
Model DA-40NG.
23-98-03-SC \3\....................... Raytheon Aircraft Company/Model
3000.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comments Invited
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgSC.nsf/0/3B5A8ECF0327533486256B80006AEF68?OpenDocument&Highlight=23-01-05-sc.
\2\ https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgSC.nsf/0/4D1C0F368222693386257904004BC13F?OpenDocument&Highlight=electronic%20engine%20control.
\3\ https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgSC.nsf/0/FF5633DA88FBF46586256B96005F8AAF?OpenDocument&Highlight=electronic%20engine%20control.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
We invite interested people to take part in this rulemaking by
sending written comments, data, or views. The most helpful comments
reference a specific portion of the special conditions, explain the
reason for any recommended change, and include supporting data. We ask
that you send us two copies of written comments.
We will consider all comments we receive on or before the closing
date for comments. We will consider comments filed late if it is
possible to do so without incurring expense or delay. We may change
these special conditions based on the comments we receive.
Background
On January 12, 2016, Nextant Aerospace applied for a supplemental
type certificate (STC) for installation of two General Electric (GE)
H75-100E engines that include electronic engine and propeller controls
in the model C90A King Air. The model C90A, currently approved under
Type Certificate No. 3A20, is a normal category twin turbo-propeller
airplane with a maximum capacity of up to 13 passengers and a maximum
takeoff weight of up to 9650 lbs. or 10,100 lbs., depending on the
serial number modified. The airplane includes two Pratt & Whitney
Corporation (PWC) PT6A-21 engines and either Hartzell or McCauley
reversing propellers.
Nextant Aerospace originally received an STC for the model C90A for
installation of two GE H75-100 engines. Nextant Aerospace has made
application to amend the STC to install GE H75-100E engines, which
include single channel analog supervisory electronic engine controls
(EECs) in addition to the existing mechanical engine controls. The EEC
does not include any software, but does provide single lever control
for both the fuel metering and propeller control. The EEC also ensures
the engine and propeller remain within their operating limits
throughout the approved operating range, including propeller reverse
operation and starting. Loss of the EEC results in the pilot control of
the hydro-mechanical metering/shut-off lever.
The Nextant Aerospace installation of GE H75-100E engines in the
model C90A King Air use an electronic engine control system (a single
channel supervisory control with a mechanical backup as opposed to a
two-channel full authority control with no mechanical backup) instead
of a traditional mechanical only control system. Although the engine
control system is certificated as part of the engine, the installation
of an engine with an electronic control system requires evaluation due
to critical environmental effects and possible effects on or by other
airplane systems. This includes indirect effects of lightning, radio
interference with other airplane electronic systems, shared engine and
airplane data, and power sources.
The regulatory requirements in 14 CFR part 23 for evaluating the
installation of complex systems, including electronic systems and
critical environmental effects, are contained in Sec. Sec. 23.1306,
23.1308, and 23.1309. However, when Sec. 23.1309 was developed, the
use of electronic control systems for engines was not envisioned. The
integral nature of these systems makes it necessary to ensure the
airplane functions, which may be included in the EEC, are properly
evaluated and that the installation does not degrade the EEC
reliability, which is approved under part 33. Sections 23.1306(a) and
23.1308(a) are applied to the EEC to ensure it remains equivalent to a
mechanical only system, which is not generally susceptible to the High
Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF) and lightning environments.
In some cases, the airplane in which the engine is installed
determines a higher classification than the engine controls are
certificated for, requiring the EEC systems be analyzed at a higher
classification. As of November 2005, EEC special conditions mandated
the Sec. 23.1309 classification for loss of EEC control as
catastrophic for any airplane. This is not to imply an engine failure
is classified as catastrophic, but that the EEC must provide an
equivalent reliability to mechanical engine controls. In addition,
Sec. Sec. 23.1141(e) and 25.901(b)(2) are applied to provide the fault
tolerant design requirements of turbine engine mechanical controls to
the EEC and ensure adequate inspection and maintenance interval for the
EEC. As this is a supervisory EEC with a mechanical control backup, the
intent of this special condition is to ensure the installation of both
the EEC and mechanical backup provide an equivalent reliability to that
expected of a mechanical only control.
Part 23 did not envision the use of electronic engine controls with
either full authority controls or supervisory only controls, and lacks
the specific regulatory requirements necessary to provide an adequate
level of safety. Therefore, special conditions are necessary.
Type Certification Basis
Under the provisions of Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
21.101, Nextant Aerospace must show that the model C90A, as changed,
continues to meet the applicable provisions of the regulations
incorporated by reference in Type Certificate No. 3A20 or the
applicable regulations in effect on the date of application for the
change. The regulations incorporated by reference in the type
certificate are commonly referred to as the ``original type
certification basis.'' The regulations incorporated by reference in
3A20 are as follows: CAR 3, effective May 15, 1956, amendments 3-1, 3-
2, and 3-8; CAR 3, amendment 3-6; and CAR 3 Sec. 3.705, amendment 3-7.
In addition, the certification basis includes special conditions and
some requirements from 14 CFR parts 23, 25, 36 and SFAR 27, as noted on
the Type Certificate Data Sheet. If the Administrator finds that the
applicable airworthiness regulations in part 23 do not contain adequate
or appropriate safety standards for the model C90A because of a novel
or unusual design feature, special conditions are prescribed under the
provisions of Sec. 21.16.
In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special
conditions, the model C90A must comply with the fuel vent and exhaust
emission requirements of 14 CFR part 34 and the noise certification
requirements of 14 CFR part 36.
The FAA issues special conditions, as defined in Sec. 11.19, under
Sec. 11.38 and they become part of the type certification basis under
Sec. 21.101.
Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which
they are issued. Should the applicant apply for a supplemental type
certificate to modify any other model included on the
[[Page 9178]]
same type certificate to incorporate the same novel or unusual design
feature, the FAA would apply these special conditions to the other
model.
Novel or Unusual Design Features
The model C90A King Air will incorporate the following novel or
unusual design features: The installation of an Electronic Engine
Control (EEC) system.
Discussion
As defined in the summary section, this airplane makes use of an
electronic engine control system in addition to a traditional
mechanical control system, which is a novel design for this type of
airplane. The applicable airworthiness regulations do not contain
adequate or appropriate safety standards for this design feature.
Mandating a structured assessment to determine potential installation
issues mitigate the concerns that the addition of an electronic engine
control does not produce a failure condition not previously considered.
Applicability
These special conditions are applicable to the model C90A King Air
when modified by Nextant Aerospace. Should Nextant Aerospace apply
later for a supplemental type certificate to modify any other model
included on Type Certificate No. 3A20 to incorporate the same novel or
unusual design feature, the FAA would apply these special conditions to
that model as well.
Conclusion
This action affects only certain novel or unusual design features
on the model C90A airplane. It is not a rule of general applicability
and affects only the applicant who applied to the FAA for approval of
these features on the airplane.
The substance of these special conditions has been subjected to the
notice and comment period in several prior instances, identified above,
and has been derived without substantive change from those previously
issued. It is unlikely that prior public comment would result in a
significant change from the substance contained herein. Therefore,
notice and opportunity for prior public comment hereon are unnecessary
and the FAA finds good cause, in accordance with 5 U.S. Code Sec. Sec.
553(b)(3)(B) and 553(d)(3), making these special conditions effective
upon issuance. The FAA is requesting comments to allow interested
persons to submit views that may not have been submitted in response to
the prior opportunities for comment described above.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 23
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Signs and symbols.
Citation
The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113 and 44701; 14 CFR
21.16 and 21.101; and 14 CFR 11.38 and 11.19.
The Special Conditions
Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the following special conditions are issued as part of
the type certification basis for Textron Aviation (formerly
Beechcraft); model C90A King Air airplanes modified by Nextant
Aerospace.
1. Installation of Electronic Engine Control System
a. For electronic engine control (EEC) system installations, it
must be established that no single failure or malfunction or probable
combinations of failures of EEC system components will have an effect
on the system, as installed in the airplane, that causes the Loss of
Thrust Control (LOTC) probability of the system to exceed those allowed
in part 33 certification.
b. Supervisory electronic engine control system installations must
be evaluated for environmental and atmospheric conditions, including
lightning. The EEC system lightning and High Intensity Radiated Fields
(HIRF) effects that would result in LOTC or an unacceptable change in
power or thrust must be evaluated in accordance with Sec. Sec. 23.1306
and 23.1308.
c. The components of the installation must be constructed,
arranged, and installed to ensure their continued safe operation
between normal inspections or overhauls.
d. Functions incorporated into any electronic engine control that
make it part of any equipment, systems or installation whose functions
are beyond that of basic engine control and which may also introduce
system failures and malfunctions, are not exempt from Sec. 23.1309 and
must be shown to meet part 23 levels of safety as derived from Sec.
23.1309. Part 33 certification data, if applicable, may be used to show
compliance with any part 23 requirements. If part 33 data is used to
substantiate compliance with part 23 requirements, then the part 23
applicant must be able to provide this data for their showing of
compliance.
Note: The term ``probable'' in the context of ``probable
combination of failures'' does not have the same meaning as used for
a safety assessment process. The term ``probable'' in ``probable
combination of failures'' means ``foreseeable,'' or those, failure
conditions anticipated to occur one or more times during the
operational life of each airplane.
Issued in Kansas City, Missouri, on February 16, 2018.
Pat Mullen,
Manager, Small Airplane Standards Branch, Aircraft Certification
Service.
[FR Doc. 2018-04417 Filed 3-2-18; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P