Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Maryland; 2011 Base Year Inventory for the 2008 8-Hour Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard for the Baltimore, Maryland Nonattainment Area, 45997-46000 [2017-21106]
Download as PDF
Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 190 / Tuesday, October 3, 2017 / Rules and Regulations
such rule or action. This action may not
be challenged later in proceedings to
enforce its requirements. See section
307(b)(2).
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Intergovernmental relations,
Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements.
Dated: September 21, 2017.
Onis ‘‘Trey’’ Glenn, III,
Regional Administrator, Region 4.
Subpart PP—South Carolina
PART 52—APPROVAL AND
PROMULGATION OF
IMPLEMENTATION PLANS
1. The authority citation for part 52
continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
State
effective
date
*
*
*
110(a)(1) and (2) Infrastructure Requirements for the 2010 1hour NO2 NAAQS.
*
12/7/2016
40 CFR Part 52
ADDRESSES:
[EPA–R03–OAR–2017–0396; FRL–9968–54–
Region 3]
Approval and Promulgation of Air
Quality Implementation Plans;
Maryland; 2011 Base Year Inventory
for the 2008 8-Hour Ozone National
Ambient Air Quality Standard for the
Baltimore, Maryland Nonattainment
Area
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Direct final rule.
AGENCY:
The Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) is taking direct final
action to approve the 2011 base year
inventory for the Baltimore, Maryland
moderate nonattainment area for the
2008 8-hour ozone national ambient air
quality standard (NAAQS). The State of
Maryland submitted the emission
inventory through the Maryland
Department of the Environment (MDE)
to meet the nonattainment requirements
for moderate ozone nonattainment areas
for the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS. EPA
is approving the 2011 base year
emissions inventory for the 2008 8-hour
ozone NAAQS as a revision to the
Maryland state implementation plan
(SIP) in accordance with the
requirements of the Clean Air Act
(CAA).
jstallworth on DSKBBY8HB2PROD with RULES
SUMMARY:
This rule is effective on
December 4, 2017 without further
notice, unless EPA receives adverse
DATES:
VerDate Sep<11>2014
17:26 Oct 02, 2017
Jkt 244001
Submit your comments,
identified by Docket ID No. EPA–R03–
OAR–2017–0396 at https://
www.regulations.gov, or via email to
stahl.cynthia@epa.gov. For comments
submitted at Regulations.gov, follow the
online instructions for submitting
comments. Once submitted, comments
cannot be edited or removed from
Regulations.gov. For either manner of
submission, EPA may publish any
comment received to its public docket.
Do not submit electronically any
information you consider to be
confidential business information (CBI)
or other information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute. Multimedia
submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be
accompanied by a written comment.
The written comment is considered the
official comment and should include
discussion of all points you wish to
make. EPA will generally not consider
comments or comment contents located
outside of the primary submission (i.e.
on the web, cloud, or other file sharing
system). For additional submission
methods, please contact the person
identified in the FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT section. For the
full EPA public comment policy,
information about CBI or multimedia
submissions, and general guidance on
making effective comments, please visit
https://www2.epa.gov/dockets/
commenting-epa-dockets.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Gavin Huang, (215) 814–2042, or by
email at huang.gavin@epa.gov.
PO 00000
Frm 00043
Fmt 4700
*
Identification of plan.
*
*
(e) * * *
*
10/3/2017, [insert Federal
Register citation].
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
§ 52.2120
EPA approval date
written comment by November 2, 2017.
If EPA receives such comments, it will
publish a timely withdrawal of the
direct final rule in the Federal Register
and inform the public that the rule will
not take effect.
[FR Doc. 2017–21121 Filed 10–2–17; 8:45 am]
2. In § 52.2120, the table in paragraph
(e) is amended by adding the entry
‘‘110(a)(1) and (2) Infrastructure
Requirements for the 2010 1-hour NO2
NAAQS’’ at the end of the table to read
as follows:
■
40 CFR part 52 is amended as follows:
Provision
Sfmt 4700
45997
*
*
Explanation
*
*
Addressing Prongs 1 and 2 of
section 110(a)(2)(D)(i) only.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
Ground level ozone is formed when
nitrogen oxides (NOX) and volatile
organic compounds (VOC) react in the
presence of sunlight. NOX and VOC are
referred to as ozone precursors and are
emitted by many types of pollution
sources, including motor vehicles,
power plants, industrial facilities, and
area wide sources, such as consumer
products and lawn and garden
equipment. Scientific evidence
indicates that adverse public health
effects occur following exposure to
ozone. These effects are more
pronounced in children and adults with
lung disease. Breathing air containing
ozone can reduce lung function and
inflame airways, which can increase
respiratory symptoms and aggravate
asthma or other lung diseases. In
response to this scientific evidence, EPA
promulgated in 1979 the first ozone
NAAQS, the 0.12 part per million (ppm)
1-hour ozone NAAQS. See 44 FR 8202
(February 8, 1979). Before the first
ozone NAAQS, EPA had previously
promulgated a NAAQS for total
photochemical oxidants. See 36 FR 8186
(April 30, 1971).
On July 18, 1997, EPA promulgated a
revised ozone NAAQS of 0.08 ppm,
averaged over eight hours. 62 FR 38855.
This 8-hour ozone NAAQS was
determined to be more protective of
public health than the previous 1979 1hour ozone NAAQS. In 2008, EPA
revised the 8-hour ozone NAAQS from
0.08 to 0.075 ppm. See 73 FR 16436
(March 27, 2008).1
1 On October 1, 2015, EPA strengthened the 8hour ozone NAAQS to 0.070 ppm. See 80 FR 65292
(October 16, 2015). This rulemaking addresses the
E:\FR\FM\03OCR1.SGM
Continued
03OCR1
45998
Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 190 / Tuesday, October 3, 2017 / Rules and Regulations
On May 21, 2012, the Baltimore,
Maryland area was designated as
moderate nonattainment for the 2008 8hour ozone NAAQS. 77 FR 30088. The
designation of the Baltimore, Maryland
area as moderate nonattainment was
effective July 20, 2012. The Baltimore,
Maryland nonattainment area is
comprised of Anne Arundel County,
Baltimore County, Baltimore City,
Carroll County, Harford County, and
Howard County. Under section 172(c)(3)
of the CAA, Maryland is required to
submit a comprehensive, accurate, and
current inventory of actual emissions
from all sources of the relevant
pollutants in its moderate
nonattainment area.
II. Summary of SIP Revision and EPA
Analysis
Under CAA section 172(c)(3), states
are required to submit a comprehensive,
accurate, and current account of actual
emissions from all sources (point,
nonpoint, nonroad, and onroad) in the
nonattainment area. CAA section
182(a)(1) and (b) requires that areas
designated as nonattainment and
classified as moderate submit an
inventory of all sources of ozone
precursors no later than 2 years after the
effective date of designation. EPA’s
guidance for emissions inventory
development calls for actual emissions
to be used in the base year inventory.
The state must report annual emissions
as well as ‘‘summer day emissions.’’ As
defined in 40 CFR 51.900(v), ‘‘summer
day emissions’’ means, ‘‘an average
day’s emissions for a typical summer
work weekday. The state will select the
particular month(s) in summer and the
day(s) in the work week to be
represented.’’
On December 30, 2016, MDE
submitted a formal revision (SIP #16–
16) to its SIP. The SIP revision consists
of the 2011 base year inventory for the
Baltimore, Maryland nonattainment area
for the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS. In
accordance with EPA’s requirements for
ozone SIP planning, ‘‘Implementation of
the 2008 National Ambient Air Quality
Standards for Ozone: State
Implementation Plan Requirements,’’
MDE selected 2011 for its base year
emissions inventory. See 80 FR 12263
(March 6, 2015). MDE’s 2011 base year
inventory includes emissions estimates
covering the general source categories of
stationary point, area (nonpoint), quasipoint, nonroad mobile, onroad mobile,
and Marine-Air-Rail (M–A–R). In its
2011 base year inventory, MDE reported
actual annual emissions and typical
summer day emissions for the months of
May through September for VOC, NOX,
and carbon monoxide (CO). Although
MDE also reported annual emissions for
fine particulate matter (PM2.5), sulfur
dioxide (SO2), and ammonia (NH3) and
typical summer day emissions for CO,
in this approval of the 2011 base year
emissions inventory for the 2008 ozone
NAAQS, EPA is approving only relevant
ozone precursors, which are VOC and
NOX.
Table 1 summarizes the 2011 VOC
and NOX emission inventory by source
sector for Maryland’s moderate
nonattainment area. Annual emissions
are given in tons per year (tpy) and
summer weekday emissions are given
by tons per day (tpd).
TABLE 1—SUMMARY OF 2011 EMISSIONS FOR THE BALTIMORE, MARYLAND NONATTAINMENT AREA
Ozone
season daily
(tpd)
Source category
VOC
Annual
(tpy)
VOC
NOX
NOX
Point .................................................................................................................
Quasi-Point ......................................................................................................
Area .................................................................................................................
Nonroad ...........................................................................................................
Onroad .............................................................................................................
M–A–R .............................................................................................................
8.228
1.080
68.093
38.618
45.34
1.64
107.676
5.383
8.502
28.628
116.73
18.43
2,153.41
387.102
21,827.01
9,678.69
15,761.71
597.27
16,950.46
1,946.98
5,441.14
8,799.27
41,265.21
6,727.63
Anthropogenic BNAA * Subtotal ...............................................................
162.999
285.352
50,405.190
81,130.694
jstallworth on DSKBBY8HB2PROD with RULES
* Baltimore Nonattainment Area (BNAA).
Point sources are large, stationary,
and identifiable sources of emissions
that release pollutants into the
atmosphere. For the 2011 inventory,
point sources are defined as stationary
commercial or industrial operations that
emit more than 10 tpy of VOC or 25 tpy
of NOX. Maryland obtained its point
source data from the MDE Air and
Radiation Management Administration
(ARMA) point source emissions
inventory. ARMA identifies and
inventories stationary sources for the
point source emissions inventory
through inspections, investigations,
permitting, and equipment registrations.
Quasi-point sources are sources that
contain a wide variety of air emission
sources, including traditional point
sources, on-road mobile sources, offroad mobile sources, and area sources.
For these sources, the emissions are
totaled under a single point source and
referred to as a ‘‘quasi-point source.’’
MDE identified three facilities that met
these requirements which include the
Aberdeen Proving Grounds, Baltimore
Washington International Airport, and
the Port of Baltimore.
Nonpoint sources, also known as area
sources, are sources of pollution that are
small and numerous and have not been
inventoried as specific point or mobile
sources. For example, these sources
include residential heating emissions
and emissions from consumer solvents.
To inventory these sources, they are
grouped so that emissions can be
estimated collectively using one
methodology. MDE calculated nonpoint
emissions for the Baltimore, Maryland
nonattainment area by multiplying
emissions factors specific for each
source category with some known
indicator of collective activity for each
source category, such as population or
employment data.
Nonroad sources are mobile sources
other than onroad vehicles, including
aircraft, locomotives, construction and
agricultural equipment, and marine
vessels. Emissions from different source
categories are calculated using various
methodologies. The methodologies used
for nonroad source emission estimates
include EPA’s National Mobile
2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS and does not address
the 2015 8-hour ozone NAAQS.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
15:04 Oct 02, 2017
Jkt 244001
PO 00000
Frm 00044
Fmt 4700
Sfmt 4700
E:\FR\FM\03OCR1.SGM
03OCR1
Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 190 / Tuesday, October 3, 2017 / Rules and Regulations
jstallworth on DSKBBY8HB2PROD with RULES
Inventory Model (NMIM—April 5, 2009)
and EPA’s emission factors.
Onroad or highway sources are
vehicles, such as cars, trucks, and buses,
which are operated on public roadways.
These onroad emissions were estimated
using EPA’s Motor Vehicle Emission
Simulator (MOVES) model, version
2010a, using appropriate activity levels,
such as vehicle miles traveled (VMT)
estimates developed from vehicle count
data maintained by the State Highway
Administration (SHA) of the Maryland
Department of Transportation (MDOT).
M–A–R sources include marine
vessels, airports, and railroad
locomotives. M–A–R emissions were
estimated using data from surveyed
sources or state and federal reporting
agencies.
EPA reviewed Maryland’s 2011 base
year emission inventory’s results,
procedures, and methodologies for the
Baltimore, Maryland moderate
nonattainment area and found them to
meet the applicable requirements for
approval under sections 110, 172(c)(3)
and 182(a)(1) and (b) of the CAA. EPA’s
review and analysis is detailed in a
Technical Support Document (TSD)
prepared for this rulemaking. The TSD
is available online at https://
www.regulations.gov, Docket Number
EPA–R03–OAR–2017–0396.
III. Final Action
EPA is approving the Maryland SIP
revision which includes the 2011 base
year inventory for the 2008 8-hour
ozone NAAQS for the Baltimore,
Maryland moderate nonattainment area
because the inventory was prepared in
accordance with requirements in
sections 110, 172(c)(3) and 182(a)(1) and
(b) of the CAA and its implementing
regulations including 40 CFR 51.915.
EPA is publishing this rule without
prior proposal because EPA views this
as a noncontroversial amendment and
anticipates no adverse comment.
However, in the ‘‘Proposed Rules’’
section of this issue of the Federal
Register, EPA is publishing a separate
document that will serve as the proposal
to approve the SIP revision if adverse
comments are filed. This rule will be
effective on December 4, 2017 without
further notice unless EPA receives
adverse comment by November 2, 2017.
If EPA receives adverse comment, EPA
will publish a timely withdrawal in the
Federal Register informing the public
that the rule will not take effect. EPA
will address all public comments in a
subsequent final rule based on the
proposed rule. EPA will not institute a
second comment period on this action.
Any parties interested in commenting
must do so at this time.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
15:04 Oct 02, 2017
Jkt 244001
45999
IV. Statutory and Executive Order
Reviews
costs on tribal governments or preempt
tribal law.
A. General Requirements
Under the CAA, the Administrator is
required to approve a SIP submission
that complies with the provisions of the
CAA and applicable federal regulations.
42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a).
Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions,
EPA’s role is to approve state choices,
provided that they meet the criteria of
the CAA. Accordingly, this action
merely approves state law as meeting
federal requirements and does not
impose additional requirements beyond
those imposed by state law. For that
reason, this action:
• Is not a ‘‘significant regulatory
action’’ subject to review by the Office
of Management and Budget under
Executive Orders 12866 (58 FR 51735,
October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821,
January 21, 2011);
• does not impose an information
collection burden under the provisions
of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44
U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
• is certified as not having a
significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities
under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5
U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
• does not contain any unfunded
mandate or significantly or uniquely
affect small governments, as described
in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4);
• does not have federalism
implications as specified in Executive
Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10,
1999);
• is not an economically significant
regulatory action based on health or
safety risks subject to Executive Order
13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997);
• is not a significant regulatory action
subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR
28355, May 22, 2001);
• is not subject to requirements of
Section 12(d) of the National
Technology Transfer and Advancement
Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because
application of those requirements would
be inconsistent with the CAA; and
• does not provide EPA with the
discretionary authority to address, as
appropriate, disproportionate human
health or environmental effects, using
practicable and legally permissible
methods, under Executive Order 12898
(59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
In addition, this rule does not have
tribal implications as specified by
Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249,
November 9, 2000), because the SIP is
not approved to apply in Indian country
located in the state, and EPA notes that
it will not impose substantial direct
B. Submission to Congress and the
Comptroller General
PO 00000
Frm 00045
Fmt 4700
Sfmt 4700
The Congressional Review Act, 5
U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the Small
Business Regulatory Enforcement
Fairness Act of 1996, generally provides
that before a rule may take effect, the
agency promulgating the rule must
submit a rule report, which includes a
copy of the rule, to each House of the
Congress and to the Comptroller General
of the United States. EPA will submit a
report containing this action and other
required information to the U.S. Senate,
the U.S. House of Representatives, and
the Comptroller General of the United
States prior to publication of the rule in
the Federal Register. A major rule
cannot take effect until 60 days after it
is published in the Federal Register.
This action is not a ‘‘major rule’’ as
defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).
C. Petitions for Judicial Review
Under section 307(b)(1) of the CAA,
petitions for judicial review of this
action must be filed in the United States
Court of Appeals for the appropriate
circuit by December 4, 2017. Filing a
petition for reconsideration by the
Administrator of this final rule does not
affect the finality of this action for the
purposes of judicial review nor does it
extend the time within which a petition
for judicial review may be filed, and
shall not postpone the effectiveness of
such rule or action. Parties with
objections to this direct final rule are
encouraged to file a comment in
response to the parallel notice of
proposed rulemaking for this action
published in the proposed rules section
of this issue of the Federal Register,
rather than file an immediate petition
for judicial review of this direct final
rule, so that EPA can withdraw this
direct final rule and address the
comment in the proposed rulemaking
action.
This action approving Maryland’s
2011 base year inventory for the 2008 8hour ozone NAAQS for the Baltimore,
Maryland moderate nonattainment area
may not be challenged later in
proceedings to enforce its requirements.
(See section 307(b)(2)).
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone,
Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Volatile organic
compounds.
E:\FR\FM\03OCR1.SGM
03OCR1
46000
Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 190 / Tuesday, October 3, 2017 / Rules and Regulations
Dated: September 7, 2017.
Cecil Rodrigues,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region III.
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
§ 52.1070
*
Subpart V—Maryland
40 CFR part 52 is amended as follows:
PART 52—APPROVAL AND
PROMULGATION OF
IMPLEMENTATION PLANS
1. The authority citation for part 52
continues to read as follows:
■
Identification of plan.
*
*
(e) * * *
*
*
2. In § 52.1070, the table in paragraph
(e) is amended by adding an entry for
‘‘2011 Base Year Inventory for the 2008
8-Hour Ozone National Ambient Air
Quality Standard’’ at the end of the table
to read as follows:
■
EPA APPROVED NON-REGULATORY AND QUASI-REGULATORY MATERIAL
State
submittal date
Name of non-regulatory SIP revision
Applicable geographic area
*
*
2011 Base Year Emissions Inventory for
the 2008 8-Hour Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard.
Additional
explanation
*
12/30/2016
*
10/3/2017 [Insert
Federal Register
citation].
*
See § 52.1075(r).
*
*
Baltimore, Maryland 2008 Ozone Moderate Nonattainment Area.
3. Section 52.1075 is amended by
adding paragraph (r) to read as follows:
■
§ 52.1075
Base year emissions inventory.
*
*
*
*
*
(r) EPA approves as a revision to the
Maryland state implementation plan the
2011 base year emissions inventory for
the Baltimore, Maryland moderate
nonattainment area for the 2008 8-hour
ozone national ambient air quality
standards submitted by the Maryland
Department of the Environment on
December 30, 2016. The 2011 base year
emissions inventory includes emissions
estimates that cover the general source
categories of stationary point, quasipoint, area (nonpoint), nonroad mobile,
onroad mobile, and Marine-Air-Rail (M–
A–R). The inventory includes actual
annual emissions and typical summer
day emissions for the months of May
through September for the ozone
precursors, VOC and NOX.
[FR Doc. 2017–21106 Filed 10–2–17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration
50 CFR Part 635
[Docket No. 150121066–5717–02]
RIN 0648–XF724
jstallworth on DSKBBY8HB2PROD with RULES
EPA approval date
Atlantic Highly Migratory Species;
Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Fisheries
National Marine Fisheries
Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA),
Commerce.
AGENCY:
VerDate Sep<11>2014
15:04 Oct 02, 2017
Jkt 244001
Temporary rule; inseason
General category bluefin tuna quota
transfer.
ACTION:
NMFS is transferring 156.4
metric tons (mt) of Atlantic bluefin tuna
(BFT) quota from the Reserve category
to the General category for the
remainder of the 2017 fishing year, to
account for overharvests of the January,
June through August, and September
subquotas. This action is intended to
preserve the opportunity for General
category fishermen to participate in the
October through November and
December General category fisheries to
the extent that transferrable quota is
available and is based on consideration
of the regulatory determination criteria
regarding inseason adjustments and
applies to Atlantic tunas General
category (commercial) permitted vessels
and Highly Migratory Species (HMS)
Charter/Headboat category permitted
vessels when fishing commercially for
BFT.
DATES: The quota transfer is effective
September 28, 2017 through December
31, 2017.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Sarah McLaughlin or Brad McHale,
978–281–9260.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Regulations implemented under the
authority of the Atlantic Tunas
Convention Act (ATCA; 16 U.S.C. 971 et
seq.) and the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery
Conservation and Management Act
(Magnuson-Stevens Act; 16 U.S.C. 1801
et seq.) governing the harvest of BFT by
persons and vessels subject to U.S.
jurisdiction are found at 50 CFR part
635. Section 635.27 subdivides the U.S.
BFT quota recommended by the
International Commission for the
SUMMARY:
PO 00000
Frm 00046
Fmt 4700
Sfmt 4700
Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT)
and as implemented by the United
States among the various domestic
fishing categories, per the allocations
established in the 2006 Consolidated
Highly Migratory Species Fishery
Management Plan (2006 Consolidated
HMS FMP) (71 FR 58058, October 2,
2006), as amended by Amendment 7 to
the 2006 Consolidated HMS FMP
(Amendment 7) (79 FR 71510, December
2, 2014). NMFS is required under ATCA
and the Magnuson-Stevens Act to
provide U.S. fishing vessels with a
reasonable opportunity to harvest the
ICCAT-recommended quota.
The base quota for the General
category is 466.7 mt, as established in
the 2015 BFT quota final rule (80 FR
52198, August 28, 2015). See
§ 635.27(a). Each of the General category
time periods (January, June through
August, September, October through
November, and December) is allocated a
‘‘subquota’’ or portion of the annual
General category quota. Although it is
called the ‘‘January’’ subquota, the
regulations allow the General category
fishery under this quota to continue
until the subquota is reached or March
31, whichever comes first. The
subquotas for each time period are as
follows: 24.7 mt for January; 233.3 mt
for June through August; 123.7 mt for
September; 60.7 mt for October through
November; and 24.3 mt for December.
Any unused General category quota
rolls forward within the fishing year,
which coincides with the calendar year,
from one time period to the next, and
is available for use in subsequent time
periods. On December 19, 2016, NMFS
published an inseason action
transferring 16.3 mt of BFT quota from
the December 2017 subquota to the
E:\FR\FM\03OCR1.SGM
03OCR1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 190 (Tuesday, October 3, 2017)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 45997-46000]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2017-21106]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA-R03-OAR-2017-0396; FRL-9968-54-Region 3]
Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans;
Maryland; 2011 Base Year Inventory for the 2008 8-Hour Ozone National
Ambient Air Quality Standard for the Baltimore, Maryland Nonattainment
Area
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Direct final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is taking direct
final action to approve the 2011 base year inventory for the Baltimore,
Maryland moderate nonattainment area for the 2008 8-hour ozone national
ambient air quality standard (NAAQS). The State of Maryland submitted
the emission inventory through the Maryland Department of the
Environment (MDE) to meet the nonattainment requirements for moderate
ozone nonattainment areas for the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS. EPA is
approving the 2011 base year emissions inventory for the 2008 8-hour
ozone NAAQS as a revision to the Maryland state implementation plan
(SIP) in accordance with the requirements of the Clean Air Act (CAA).
DATES: This rule is effective on December 4, 2017 without further
notice, unless EPA receives adverse written comment by November 2,
2017. If EPA receives such comments, it will publish a timely
withdrawal of the direct final rule in the Federal Register and inform
the public that the rule will not take effect.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R03-
OAR-2017-0396 at https://www.regulations.gov, or via email to
stahl.cynthia@epa.gov. For comments submitted at Regulations.gov,
follow the online instructions for submitting comments. Once submitted,
comments cannot be edited or removed from Regulations.gov. For either
manner of submission, EPA may publish any comment received to its
public docket. Do not submit electronically any information you
consider to be confidential business information (CBI) or other
information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Multimedia
submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be accompanied by a written
comment. The written comment is considered the official comment and
should include discussion of all points you wish to make. EPA will
generally not consider comments or comment contents located outside of
the primary submission (i.e. on the web, cloud, or other file sharing
system). For additional submission methods, please contact the person
identified in the For Further Information Contact section. For the full
EPA public comment policy, information about CBI or multimedia
submissions, and general guidance on making effective comments, please
visit https://www2.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Gavin Huang, (215) 814-2042, or by
email at huang.gavin@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
Ground level ozone is formed when nitrogen oxides (NOX)
and volatile organic compounds (VOC) react in the presence of sunlight.
NOX and VOC are referred to as ozone precursors and are
emitted by many types of pollution sources, including motor vehicles,
power plants, industrial facilities, and area wide sources, such as
consumer products and lawn and garden equipment. Scientific evidence
indicates that adverse public health effects occur following exposure
to ozone. These effects are more pronounced in children and adults with
lung disease. Breathing air containing ozone can reduce lung function
and inflame airways, which can increase respiratory symptoms and
aggravate asthma or other lung diseases. In response to this scientific
evidence, EPA promulgated in 1979 the first ozone NAAQS, the 0.12 part
per million (ppm) 1-hour ozone NAAQS. See 44 FR 8202 (February 8,
1979). Before the first ozone NAAQS, EPA had previously promulgated a
NAAQS for total photochemical oxidants. See 36 FR 8186 (April 30,
1971).
On July 18, 1997, EPA promulgated a revised ozone NAAQS of 0.08
ppm, averaged over eight hours. 62 FR 38855. This 8-hour ozone NAAQS
was determined to be more protective of public health than the previous
1979 1-hour ozone NAAQS. In 2008, EPA revised the 8-hour ozone NAAQS
from 0.08 to 0.075 ppm. See 73 FR 16436 (March 27, 2008).\1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ On October 1, 2015, EPA strengthened the 8-hour ozone NAAQS
to 0.070 ppm. See 80 FR 65292 (October 16, 2015). This rulemaking
addresses the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS and does not address the 2015
8-hour ozone NAAQS.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 45998]]
On May 21, 2012, the Baltimore, Maryland area was designated as
moderate nonattainment for the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS. 77 FR 30088.
The designation of the Baltimore, Maryland area as moderate
nonattainment was effective July 20, 2012. The Baltimore, Maryland
nonattainment area is comprised of Anne Arundel County, Baltimore
County, Baltimore City, Carroll County, Harford County, and Howard
County. Under section 172(c)(3) of the CAA, Maryland is required to
submit a comprehensive, accurate, and current inventory of actual
emissions from all sources of the relevant pollutants in its moderate
nonattainment area.
II. Summary of SIP Revision and EPA Analysis
Under CAA section 172(c)(3), states are required to submit a
comprehensive, accurate, and current account of actual emissions from
all sources (point, nonpoint, nonroad, and onroad) in the nonattainment
area. CAA section 182(a)(1) and (b) requires that areas designated as
nonattainment and classified as moderate submit an inventory of all
sources of ozone precursors no later than 2 years after the effective
date of designation. EPA's guidance for emissions inventory development
calls for actual emissions to be used in the base year inventory. The
state must report annual emissions as well as ``summer day emissions.''
As defined in 40 CFR 51.900(v), ``summer day emissions'' means, ``an
average day's emissions for a typical summer work weekday. The state
will select the particular month(s) in summer and the day(s) in the
work week to be represented.''
On December 30, 2016, MDE submitted a formal revision (SIP #16-16)
to its SIP. The SIP revision consists of the 2011 base year inventory
for the Baltimore, Maryland nonattainment area for the 2008 8-hour
ozone NAAQS. In accordance with EPA's requirements for ozone SIP
planning, ``Implementation of the 2008 National Ambient Air Quality
Standards for Ozone: State Implementation Plan Requirements,'' MDE
selected 2011 for its base year emissions inventory. See 80 FR 12263
(March 6, 2015). MDE's 2011 base year inventory includes emissions
estimates covering the general source categories of stationary point,
area (nonpoint), quasi-point, nonroad mobile, onroad mobile, and
Marine-Air-Rail (M-A-R). In its 2011 base year inventory, MDE reported
actual annual emissions and typical summer day emissions for the months
of May through September for VOC, NOX, and carbon monoxide
(CO). Although MDE also reported annual emissions for fine particulate
matter (PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and ammonia
(NH3) and typical summer day emissions for CO, in this
approval of the 2011 base year emissions inventory for the 2008 ozone
NAAQS, EPA is approving only relevant ozone precursors, which are VOC
and NOX.
Table 1 summarizes the 2011 VOC and NOX emission
inventory by source sector for Maryland's moderate nonattainment area.
Annual emissions are given in tons per year (tpy) and summer weekday
emissions are given by tons per day (tpd).
Table 1--Summary of 2011 Emissions for the Baltimore, Maryland Nonattainment Area
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ozone season daily (tpd) Annual (tpy)
Source category ---------------------------------------------------------------
VOC NOX VOC NOX
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point........................................... 8.228 107.676 2,153.41 16,950.46
Quasi-Point..................................... 1.080 5.383 387.102 1,946.98
Area............................................ 68.093 8.502 21,827.01 5,441.14
Nonroad......................................... 38.618 28.628 9,678.69 8,799.27
Onroad.......................................... 45.34 116.73 15,761.71 41,265.21
M-A-R........................................... 1.64 18.43 597.27 6,727.63
---------------------------------------------------------------
Anthropogenic BNAA * Subtotal............... 162.999 285.352 50,405.190 81,130.694
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Baltimore Nonattainment Area (BNAA).
Point sources are large, stationary, and identifiable sources of
emissions that release pollutants into the atmosphere. For the 2011
inventory, point sources are defined as stationary commercial or
industrial operations that emit more than 10 tpy of VOC or 25 tpy of
NOX. Maryland obtained its point source data from the MDE
Air and Radiation Management Administration (ARMA) point source
emissions inventory. ARMA identifies and inventories stationary sources
for the point source emissions inventory through inspections,
investigations, permitting, and equipment registrations.
Quasi-point sources are sources that contain a wide variety of air
emission sources, including traditional point sources, on-road mobile
sources, off-road mobile sources, and area sources. For these sources,
the emissions are totaled under a single point source and referred to
as a ``quasi-point source.'' MDE identified three facilities that met
these requirements which include the Aberdeen Proving Grounds,
Baltimore Washington International Airport, and the Port of Baltimore.
Nonpoint sources, also known as area sources, are sources of
pollution that are small and numerous and have not been inventoried as
specific point or mobile sources. For example, these sources include
residential heating emissions and emissions from consumer solvents. To
inventory these sources, they are grouped so that emissions can be
estimated collectively using one methodology. MDE calculated nonpoint
emissions for the Baltimore, Maryland nonattainment area by multiplying
emissions factors specific for each source category with some known
indicator of collective activity for each source category, such as
population or employment data.
Nonroad sources are mobile sources other than onroad vehicles,
including aircraft, locomotives, construction and agricultural
equipment, and marine vessels. Emissions from different source
categories are calculated using various methodologies. The
methodologies used for nonroad source emission estimates include EPA's
National Mobile
[[Page 45999]]
Inventory Model (NMIM--April 5, 2009) and EPA's emission factors.
Onroad or highway sources are vehicles, such as cars, trucks, and
buses, which are operated on public roadways. These onroad emissions
were estimated using EPA's Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES)
model, version 2010a, using appropriate activity levels, such as
vehicle miles traveled (VMT) estimates developed from vehicle count
data maintained by the State Highway Administration (SHA) of the
Maryland Department of Transportation (MDOT).
M-A-R sources include marine vessels, airports, and railroad
locomotives. M-A-R emissions were estimated using data from surveyed
sources or state and federal reporting agencies.
EPA reviewed Maryland's 2011 base year emission inventory's
results, procedures, and methodologies for the Baltimore, Maryland
moderate nonattainment area and found them to meet the applicable
requirements for approval under sections 110, 172(c)(3) and 182(a)(1)
and (b) of the CAA. EPA's review and analysis is detailed in a
Technical Support Document (TSD) prepared for this rulemaking. The TSD
is available online at https://www.regulations.gov, Docket Number EPA-
R03-OAR-2017-0396.
III. Final Action
EPA is approving the Maryland SIP revision which includes the 2011
base year inventory for the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS for the Baltimore,
Maryland moderate nonattainment area because the inventory was prepared
in accordance with requirements in sections 110, 172(c)(3) and
182(a)(1) and (b) of the CAA and its implementing regulations including
40 CFR 51.915. EPA is publishing this rule without prior proposal
because EPA views this as a noncontroversial amendment and anticipates
no adverse comment. However, in the ``Proposed Rules'' section of this
issue of the Federal Register, EPA is publishing a separate document
that will serve as the proposal to approve the SIP revision if adverse
comments are filed. This rule will be effective on December 4, 2017
without further notice unless EPA receives adverse comment by November
2, 2017. If EPA receives adverse comment, EPA will publish a timely
withdrawal in the Federal Register informing the public that the rule
will not take effect. EPA will address all public comments in a
subsequent final rule based on the proposed rule. EPA will not
institute a second comment period on this action. Any parties
interested in commenting must do so at this time.
IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
A. General Requirements
Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP
submission that complies with the provisions of the CAA and applicable
federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in
reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve state choices,
provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. Accordingly, this
action merely approves state law as meeting federal requirements and
does not impose additional requirements beyond those imposed by state
law. For that reason, this action:
Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' subject to
review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Orders
12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821, January 21,
2011);
does not impose an information collection burden under the
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
is certified as not having a significant economic impact
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
does not have federalism implications as specified in
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
is not an economically significant regulatory action based
on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR
19885, April 23, 1997);
is not a significant regulatory action subject to
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001);
is not subject to requirements of Section 12(d) of the
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent
with the CAA; and
does not provide EPA with the discretionary authority to
address, as appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental
effects, using practicable and legally permissible methods, under
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
In addition, this rule does not have tribal implications as
specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000),
because the SIP is not approved to apply in Indian country located in
the state, and EPA notes that it will not impose substantial direct
costs on tribal governments or preempt tribal law.
B. Submission to Congress and the Comptroller General
The Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, generally
provides that before a rule may take effect, the agency promulgating
the rule must submit a rule report, which includes a copy of the rule,
to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of the
United States. EPA will submit a report containing this action and
other required information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of
Representatives, and the Comptroller General of the United States prior
to publication of the rule in the Federal Register. A major rule cannot
take effect until 60 days after it is published in the Federal
Register. This action is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C.
804(2).
C. Petitions for Judicial Review
Under section 307(b)(1) of the CAA, petitions for judicial review
of this action must be filed in the United States Court of Appeals for
the appropriate circuit by December 4, 2017. Filing a petition for
reconsideration by the Administrator of this final rule does not affect
the finality of this action for the purposes of judicial review nor
does it extend the time within which a petition for judicial review may
be filed, and shall not postpone the effectiveness of such rule or
action. Parties with objections to this direct final rule are
encouraged to file a comment in response to the parallel notice of
proposed rulemaking for this action published in the proposed rules
section of this issue of the Federal Register, rather than file an
immediate petition for judicial review of this direct final rule, so
that EPA can withdraw this direct final rule and address the comment in
the proposed rulemaking action.
This action approving Maryland's 2011 base year inventory for the
2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS for the Baltimore, Maryland moderate
nonattainment area may not be challenged later in proceedings to
enforce its requirements. (See section 307(b)(2)).
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Volatile organic compounds.
[[Page 46000]]
Dated: September 7, 2017.
Cecil Rodrigues,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region III.
40 CFR part 52 is amended as follows:
PART 52--APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS
0
1. The authority citation for part 52 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Subpart V--Maryland
0
2. In Sec. 52.1070, the table in paragraph (e) is amended by adding an
entry for ``2011 Base Year Inventory for the 2008 8-Hour Ozone National
Ambient Air Quality Standard'' at the end of the table to read as
follows:
Sec. 52.1070 Identification of plan.
* * * * *
(e) * * *
EPA Approved Non-Regulatory and Quasi-Regulatory Material
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name of non-regulatory SIP Applicable State Additional
revision geographic area submittal date EPA approval date explanation
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * * * *
2011 Base Year Emissions Baltimore, 12/30/2016 10/3/2017 [Insert Federal See Sec.
Inventory for the 2008 8- Maryland 2008 Register citation]. 52.1075(r).
Hour Ozone National Ambient Ozone Moderate
Air Quality Standard. Nonattainment
Area.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0
3. Section 52.1075 is amended by adding paragraph (r) to read as
follows:
Sec. 52.1075 Base year emissions inventory.
* * * * *
(r) EPA approves as a revision to the Maryland state implementation
plan the 2011 base year emissions inventory for the Baltimore, Maryland
moderate nonattainment area for the 2008 8-hour ozone national ambient
air quality standards submitted by the Maryland Department of the
Environment on December 30, 2016. The 2011 base year emissions
inventory includes emissions estimates that cover the general source
categories of stationary point, quasi-point, area (nonpoint), nonroad
mobile, onroad mobile, and Marine-Air-Rail (M-A-R). The inventory
includes actual annual emissions and typical summer day emissions for
the months of May through September for the ozone precursors, VOC and
NOX.
[FR Doc. 2017-21106 Filed 10-2-17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P