Amendments to the Reef Fish, Spiny Lobster, and Corals and Reef Associated Plants and Invertebrates Fishery Management Plans of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, 10324-10327 [2017-02787]

Agencies

• DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 27 (Friday, February 10, 2017)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 10324-10327]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2017-02787]


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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

50 CFR Part 622

[Docket No. 160810719-7041-01]
RIN 0648-BG29


Amendments to the Reef Fish, Spiny Lobster, and Corals and Reef 
Associated Plants and Invertebrates Fishery Management Plans of Puerto 
Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands

AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce.

ACTION: Proposed rule; request for comments.

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SUMMARY: NMFS proposes to implement measures described in Amendment 8 
to the Fishery Management Plan (FMP) for the Reef Fish Fishery of 
Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI) (Reef Fish FMP), 
Amendment 7 to the FMP for the Spiny Lobster Fishery of Puerto Rico and 
the USVI (Spiny Lobster FMP), and Amendment 6 to the FMP for Corals and 
Reef Associated Plants and Invertebrates of Puerto Rico and the USVI 
(Coral FMP), as prepared and submitted by the Caribbean Fishery 
Management Council (Council). This proposed rule refers to these 
amendments, in combination, as the Accountability Measure (AM) Timing 
Amendment. This proposed rule to implement the AM Timing Amendment 
would modify the date for the implementation of AM-based closures for 
all species and species groups managed by the Council under the subject 
FMPs. The purpose of the AM Timing Amendment and this proposed rule is 
to minimize, to the extent practicable, the adverse socio-

[[Page 10325]]

economic impacts of AM-based closures, while constraining catch levels 
to the applicable annual catch limits (ACLs) and preventing 
overfishing.

DATES: Written comments must be received on or before March 13, 2017.

ADDRESSES: You may submit comments on the proposed rule identified by 
``NOAA-NMFS-2016-0013'' by either of the following methods:
     Electronic Submissions: Submit all electronic public 
comments via the Federal e-Rulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov. Go to www.regulations.gov/#!docketDetail;D=NOAA-
NMFS-2016-0013, click the ``Comment Now!'' icon, complete the required 
fields, and enter or attach your comments.
     Mail: Submit written comments to Mar[iacute]a del Mar 
L[oacute]pez, Southeast Regional Office, NMFS, 263 13th Avenue South, 
St. Petersburg, FL 33701.
    Instructions: Comments sent by any other method, to any other 
address or individual, or received after the end of the comment period, 
may not be considered by NMFS. All comments received are a part of the 
public record and will generally be posted for public viewing on 
www.regulations.gov without change. All personal identifying 
information (e.g., name, address, etc.), confidential business 
information, or otherwise sensitive information submitted voluntarily 
by the sender will be publicly accessible. NMFS will accept anonymous 
comments (enter ``N/A'' in the required fields if you wish to remain 
anonymous).
    Electronic copies of the AM Timing Amendment, which includes an 
environmental assessment, a Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) analysis, 
and a regulatory impact review, may be obtained from the Southeast 
Regional Office Web site at https://sero.nmfs.noaa.gov/sustainable_fisheries/caribbean/.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mar[iacute]a del Mar L[oacute]pez, 
telephone: 727-824-5305; email: maria.lopez@noaa.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: In the U.S. Caribbean exclusive economic 
zone (EEZ), the reef fish, spiny lobster, and corals and reef 
associated plants and invertebrates (corals) fisheries are managed 
under their respective FMPs. The FMPs were prepared by the Council and 
are implemented through regulations at 50 CFR part 622 under the 
authority of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management 
Act (Magnuson-Stevens Act) (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.).

Background

    The current AMs in the U.S. Caribbean EEZ for reef fish, spiny 
lobster, and corals require NMFS to reduce the length of the Federal 
fishing season in the year following a determination that the landings 
for a species or species group exceeded the applicable ACL. As 
specified in the FMPs, the landings determination is based on the 
applicable 3-year landings average. However, if NMFS determines the ACL 
for a particular species or species group was exceeded because of 
enhanced data collection and monitoring efforts, instead of an increase 
in total catch, NMFS will not reduce the length of the fishing season 
the following fishing year. The fishing year for Council-managed 
species in Caribbean Federal waters is the calendar year of January 1 
through December 31. If an AM-based closure is required, the closure 
period currently extends from December 31 backward into the fishing 
year of the closure (closure year), for the number of days necessary to 
constrain harvest to the applicable ACL. Fishers in the USVI and Puerto 
Rico have stated that implementing AM-based closures at the end of the 
fishing year results in negative socio-economic impacts, for example, 
by resulting in multiple and potentially overlapping closures during 
the important December holiday season. Additionally, fishers in Puerto 
Rico have stated that timing AM-based closures with a September 30 end 
date would be expected to reduce adverse socio-economic impacts.

Management Measure Contained in This Proposed Rule

    This proposed rule would modify the date for implementation of an 
AM-based closure in the event of an ACL overage for a species or 
species group managed by the Council in Puerto Rico, St. Thomas/St. 
John, and St. Croix under the Reef Fish, Coral, and Spiny Lobster FMPs. 
Specifically, an AM-based closure would be implemented from September 
30 of the closure year backward, toward the beginning of the fishing 
year, for the number of days necessary to achieve the reduction in 
landings required to ensure landings do not exceed the applicable ACL. 
If the length of the required fishing season reduction exceeds the 
period of January 1 through September 30, any additional fishing season 
reduction would be applied from October 1 forward, toward the end of 
the fishing year (December 31). Caribbean fishers have indicated that 
this approach to implementing AM-based closures is desirable, because 
it would be expected to reduce the likelihood that these fishers would 
lose market access during periods of high demand for fish. Modifying 
the date for the implementation of AM-based closures through this 
proposed rule would not change the level of harvest reduction if an AM-
based closure were required. This proposed rule to implement the AM 
Timing Amendment is thus expected to minimize adverse socio-economic 
effects from the implementation of AMs, while still helping to ensure 
that AM-based closures constrain harvest to the ACL and prevent 
overfishing. NMFS notes that the method for calculating the landings 
determination using the 3-years landings average for a species or 
species group will not change through this proposed rule.
    The FMP for the Queen Conch Resources of Puerto Rico and the USVI 
is not included in the AM Timing Amendment because queen conch are 
managed with an in-season closure when the ACL is reached or projected 
to be reached, rather than a post-season reduction in the fishing year.

Additional Action Contained in the AM Timing Amendment But Not Codified 
Through This Proposed Rule

    In addition to the measure discussed above, the AM Timing Amendment 
requires that the Council revisit the practice of using September 30 as 
the end date for AM-based closures no longer than 2 years from the 
implementation of the AM Timing Amendment and no longer than every 2 
years thereafter. Any associated formal review would allow NMFS and the 
Council to consider changing the implementation date for AM-based 
closures based on new information, and would be expected to result in 
additional positive social and economic effects.

Classification

    Pursuant to section 304(b)(1)(A) of the Magnuson-Stevens Act, the 
NMFS Assistant Administrator has determined that this proposed rule is 
consistent with the FMPs, the AM Timing Amendment, the Magnuson-Stevens 
Act, and other applicable laws, subject to further consideration after 
public comment.
    This proposed rule has been determined to be not significant for 
purposes of Executive Order 12866.
    The Chief Counsel for Regulation of the Department of Commerce 
certified to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business 
Administration (SBA) that this proposed rule, if implemented, would not 
have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small

[[Page 10326]]

entities. The factual basis for this determination follows.
    In approving the AM Timing Amendment, the Council determined that 
AM-based closures need to be better timed so that they successfully 
achieve their conservation objective and, to the extent practicable, 
minimize adverse social and economic impacts to fishers and fishing 
communities. The purpose of this proposed rule is to change the end 
date from which AM-based closures are calculated, so that adverse 
social and economic effects are minimized to the extent practicable, 
while still ensuring that harvest does not exceed the applicable ACLs 
required under the Magnuson-Stevens Act and implementing regulations.
    This proposed rule, if implemented, would directly affect all 
entities that commercially harvest federally managed species under the 
Reef Fish, Coral, and Spiny Lobster FMPs in the U.S. Caribbean EEZ. 
This proposed rule would be expected to directly affect approximately 
1,000-1,200 commercial fishermen in Puerto Rico, 200-250 commercial 
fishermen in St. Croix, and 70 commercial fishermen in St. Thomas and 
St. John, resulting in a total of 1,270-1,520 fishermen. The average 
annual revenue from commercial fishing for 2012-2014 is estimated to be 
approximately $7,250-$8,700 for Puerto Rico fishermen, $10,500-$13,100 
for St. Croix fishermen, and $29,600 for St. Thomas and St. John 
fishermen (2014 dollars). Total average annual revenue (2014 dollars) 
for all fishermen for 2012-2014 was approximately $8.7 million for 
Puerto Rico, $2.6 million for St. Croix, and $2.1 million for St. 
Thomas and St. John. More recent information is not available.
    For Regulatory Flexibility Act purposes only, NMFS has established 
a small business size standard for businesses, including their 
affiliates, whose primary industry is commercial fishing (see 50 CFR 
200.2). A business primarily engaged in commercial fishing (NAICS code 
11411) is classified as a small business if it is independently owned 
and operated, is not dominant in its field of operation (including its 
affiliates), and has combined annual receipts not in excess of $11 
million for all its affiliated operations worldwide. All of the 
commercial fishing businesses directly regulated by this proposed rule 
are believed to be small entities.
    NMFS has not identified any other small entities that would be 
expected to be directly affected by this proposed rule. Although this 
proposed rule would also directly affect recreational anglers, 
recreational anglers are not small entities under the RFA. Changes in 
angler demand for for-hire services (charter vessels and headboats, as 
applicable) as a result of this proposed rule could affect for-hire 
businesses; however, these changes would be indirect effects of this 
proposed rule and, therefore, are outside the scope of the RFA.
    The AM Timing Amendment contains two actions. The first action 
would modify the implementation date for any AM-based closure 
implemented under the subject FMPs, and the second action would require 
the Council to periodically reconsider its proposed approach. Changing 
the end date for required AM-based closures to September 30 would be 
expected to result in unquantifiable economic benefits to the directly 
affected commercial fishing businesses. An AM-based closure is required 
in the year following the determination that the ACL is exceeded. The 
fishing year for Caribbean fisheries is the calendar year of January 1 
through December 31, and the current date for determining the AM-based 
closure period is December 31. If an AM-based closure is required, the 
closure period extends from December 31 backward into the fishing year 
until a sufficient number of days are closed to constrain harvest to 
the applicable ACL and prevent another ACL overage. Fishermen have 
reported that AM-based closures extending from December 31 backward 
into the closure year conflict with periods of high consumer demand. 
Because the end of the year is a period of high consumer demand, AM-
based closures during this period result in reduced revenue and profits 
to affected fishermen. This proposed rule would change the time period 
of any necessary AM-based closure. The intent of the closure would be 
to allow the ACL to be harvested, but not exceeded, regardless of the 
timing or duration of the AM-based closure. AM closures would be 
applied from September 30 of the closure year and extend backward into 
the fishing year, in order to better time the closure and reduce or 
avoid conflict with economically and socially important seasons. 
Although the amount of harvest reduction during an AM-based closure 
would be unaffected by changing the implementation date, avoiding 
closures during periods of increased demand would be expected to enable 
fishermen to better meet market demand and maintain product flow, and 
to receive higher prices and associated profits. Available data are 
insufficient to document seasonal price variability or to demonstrate 
the benefits of allowing the possibility of keeping fisheries open, and 
thus supplying fish during these periods of high demand. Quantitative 
documentation of demand-driven price increases during the end-of-year 
and special seasons is not currently available. Additionally, any 
future ACL overages and associated closures cannot be reasonably 
predicted. Therefore, it is not feasible to provide quantitative 
estimates of the potential expected economic benefits of changing the 
timing of these closures. Nevertheless, the Council selected the 
proposed action based on extensive input from fishers and expects that 
the action would result in increases in revenue and associated profits, 
even if these predicted increases cannot be quantified.
    The second action in the AM Timing Amendment would specify when the 
Council must revisit and possibly review the practice of using 
September 30 as the end date for AM-based closures. This is an 
administrative action because it would establish a procedural 
requirement as part of the Council's management process. This second 
action would not be expected to have any direct economic effects on any 
small entities. Although the review could lead to the Council's 
subsequent consideration of management changes that may have economic 
effects on fishing businesses, these would be indirect effects of this 
action to establish the timing for the Council's review and 
deliberation, and indirect economic effects are outside the scope of 
the RFA.
    Based on the discussion above, NMFS determines that this proposed 
rule, if implemented, would not have a significant adverse economic 
effect on a substantial number of small entities. As a result, an 
initial regulatory flexibility analysis is not required and none has 
been prepared.

List of Subjects in 50 CFR Part 622

    Accountability measures, Annual catch limits, Caribbean, Fisheries, 
Fishing.

    Dated: February 7, 2017.
Alan D. Risenhoover,
Acting Deputy Assistant Administrator for Regulatory Programs, National 
Marine Fisheries Service.

    For the reasons set out in the preamble, 50 CFR part 622 is 
proposed to be amended as follows:

PART 622--FISHERIES OF THE CARIBBEAN, GULF OF MEXICO, AND SOUTH 
ATLANTIC

0
1. The authority citation for part 622 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.


[[Page 10327]]


0
2. In Sec.  622.12, revise paragraph (a) introductory text to read as 
follows:


Sec.  622.12   Annual catch limits (ACLs) and accountability measures 
(AMs) for Caribbean island management areas/Caribbean EEZ.

    (a) If landings from a Caribbean island management area, as 
specified in Appendix E to this part, except for landings of queen 
conch (see Sec.  622.491(b)), or landings from the Caribbean EEZ for 
tilefish and aquarium trade species, are estimated by the SRD to have 
exceeded the applicable ACL, as specified in paragraph (a)(1) of this 
section for Puerto Rico management area species or species groups, 
paragraph (a)(2) of this section for St. Croix management area species 
or species groups, paragraph (a)(3) of this section for St. Thomas/St. 
John management area species or species groups, or paragraph (a)(4) of 
this section for the Caribbean EEZ, the AA will file a notification 
with the Office of the Federal Register, at or near the beginning of 
the following fishing year, to reduce the length of the fishing season 
for the applicable species or species groups that year by the amount 
necessary to ensure landings do not exceed the applicable ACL. As 
described in the respective FMPs, for each species or species group in 
this paragraph, any required fishing season reduction will be applied 
from September 30 backward, toward the beginning of the fishing year. 
If the length of the required fishing season reduction exceeds the time 
period of January 1 through September 30, any additional fishing season 
reduction will be applied from October 1 forward, toward the end of the 
fishing year. If NMFS determines the ACL for a particular species or 
species group was exceeded because of enhanced data collection and 
monitoring efforts instead of an increase in total catch of the species 
or species group, NMFS will not reduce the length of the fishing season 
for the applicable species or species group the following fishing year. 
Landings will be evaluated relative to the applicable ACL based on a 
moving multi-year average of landings, as described in the FMPs. With 
the exceptions of Caribbean queen conch in the Puerto Rico and St. 
Thomas/St. John management areas, goliath grouper, Nassau grouper, 
midnight parrotfish, blue parrotfish, and rainbow parrotfish, ACLs are 
based on the combined Caribbean EEZ and territorial landings for each 
management area. The ACLs specified in paragraphs (a)(1), (a)(2), 
(a)(3), and (a)(4) of this section are given in round weight.
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[FR Doc. 2017-02787 Filed 2-9-17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-22-P