Trifloxystrobin; Pesticide Tolerances, 78932-78937 [2016-27204]

Agencies

• ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 218 (Thursday, November 10, 2016)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 78932-78937]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2016-27204]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 180

[EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0745; FRL-9954-04]


Trifloxystrobin; Pesticide Tolerances

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: This regulation establishes tolerances for residues of 
trifloxystrobin in or on Cottonseed subgroup 20C; Cotton, gin 
byproducts; and amends the existing tolerance on Corn, field, forage. 
Bayer CropScience LP requested these tolerances under the Federal Food, 
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA).

DATES: This regulation is effective November 10, 2016. Objections and 
requests for hearings must be received on or before January 9, 2017, 
and must be filed in accordance with the instructions provided in 40 
CFR part 178 (see also Unit I.C. of the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION).

ADDRESSES: The docket for this action, identified by docket 
identification (ID) number EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0745, is available at https://www.regulations.gov or at the Office of Pesticide Programs Regulatory 
Public Docket (OPP Docket) in the Environmental Protection Agency 
Docket Center (EPA/DC), West William Jefferson Clinton Bldg., Rm. 3334, 
1301 Constitution Ave. NW., Washington, DC 20460-0001. The Public 
Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through 
Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the Public 
Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the OPP 
Docket is (703) 305-5805. Please review the visitor instructions and 
additional information about the docket available at https://www.epa.gov/dockets.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Michael Goodis, Registration Division 
(7505P), Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Protection Agency, 
1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW., Washington, DC 20460-0001; main telephone 
number: (703) 305-7090; email address: RDFRNotices@epa.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. General Information

A. Does this action apply to me?

    You may be potentially affected by this action if you are an 
agricultural producer, food manufacturer, or pesticide manufacturer. 
The following list of North American Industrial Classification System 
(NAICS) codes is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a 
guide to help readers determine whether this document applies to them. 
Potentially affected entities may include:
     Crop production (NAICS code 111).
     Animal production (NAICS code 112).
     Food manufacturing (NAICS code 311).
     Pesticide manufacturing (NAICS code 32532).

B. How can I get electronic access to other related information?

    You may access a frequently updated electronic version of EPA's 
tolerance regulations at 40 CFR part 180 through the Government 
Printing Office's e-CFR site at https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?&c=ecfr&tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40tab_02.tpl.

C. How can I file an objection or hearing request?

    Under FFDCA section 408(g), 21 U.S.C. 346a, any person may file an 
objection to any aspect of this regulation and may also request a 
hearing on those objections. You must file your objection or request a 
hearing on this regulation in accordance with the instructions provided 
in 40 CFR part 178. To ensure proper receipt by EPA, you must identify 
docket ID number EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0745 in the subject line on the first 
page of your submission. All objections and requests for a hearing must 
be in writing, and must be received by the Hearing Clerk on or before 
January 9, 2017. Addresses for mail and hand delivery of objections and 
hearing requests are provided in 40 CFR 178.25(b).
    In addition to filing an objection or hearing request with the 
Hearing Clerk as described in 40 CFR part 178, please submit a copy of 
the filing (excluding any Confidential Business Information (CBI)) for 
inclusion in the public docket. Information not marked confidential 
pursuant to 40 CFR part 2 may be disclosed publicly by EPA without 
prior notice. Submit the non-CBI copy of your objection or hearing 
request, identified

[[Page 78933]]

by docket ID number EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0745, by one of the following 
methods:
     Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov. 
Follow the online instructions for submitting comments. Do not submit 
electronically any information you consider to be CBI or other 
information whose disclosure is restricted by statute.
     Mail: OPP Docket, Environmental Protection Agency Docket 
Center (EPA/DC), (28221T), 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW., Washington, DC 
20460-0001.
     Hand Delivery: To make special arrangements for hand 
delivery or delivery of boxed information, please follow the 
instructions at https://www.epa.gov/dockets/contacts.html.
    Additional instructions on commenting or visiting the docket, along 
with more information about dockets generally, is available at https://www.epa.gov/dockets.

II. Summary of Petitioned-for Tolerance

    In the Federal Register of June 22, 2016 (81 FR 40594) (FRL-9947-
32), EPA issued a document pursuant to FFDCA section 408(d)(3), 21 
U.S.C. 346a(d)(3), announcing the filing of a pesticide petition (PP 
5F8380) by Bayer CropScience, 2 TW Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12014, 
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. The petition requested that 40 CFR 
180.555 be amended by establishing tolerances for residues of the 
fungicide trifloxystrobin in or on cotton, undelinted seed, (Crop 
subgroup 20C) at 0.5 parts per million (ppm); cotton, gin byproducts at 
3 ppm; and revising the existing tolerance for corn, field, forage from 
6 ppm to 8 ppm. That document referenced a summary of the petition 
prepared by Bayer CropScience LP, the registrant, which is available in 
the docket, https://www.regulations.gov. A comment was received on the 
notice of filing. EPA's response to this comment is discussed in Unit 
IV.C.
    Based upon review of the data supporting the petition, EPA has 
corrected the commodity definitions for the requested cotton 
commodities. The reason for these changes is explained in Unit IV.D.

III. Aggregate Risk Assessment and Determination of Safety

    Section 408(b)(2)(A)(i) of FFDCA allows EPA to establish a 
tolerance (the legal limit for a pesticide chemical residue in or on a 
food) only if EPA determines that the tolerance is ``safe.'' Section 
408(b)(2)(A)(ii) of FFDCA defines ``safe'' to mean that ``there is a 
reasonable certainty that no harm will result from aggregate exposure 
to the pesticide chemical residue, including all anticipated dietary 
exposures and all other exposures for which there is reliable 
information.'' This includes exposure through drinking water and in 
residential settings, but does not include occupational exposure. 
Section 408(b)(2)(C) of FFDCA requires EPA to give special 
consideration to exposure of infants and children to the pesticide 
chemical residue in establishing a tolerance and to ``ensure that there 
is a reasonable certainty that no harm will result to infants and 
children from aggregate exposure to the pesticide chemical residue. . . 
.''
    Consistent with FFDCA section 408(b)(2)(D), and the factors 
specified in FFDCA section 408(b)(2)(D), EPA has reviewed the available 
scientific data and other relevant information in support of this 
action. EPA has sufficient data to assess the hazards of and to make a 
determination on aggregate exposure for trifloxystrobin including 
exposure resulting from the tolerances established by this action. 
EPA's assessment of exposures and risks associated with trifloxystrobin 
follows.

A. Toxicological Profile

    EPA has evaluated the available toxicity data and considered its 
validity, completeness, and reliability as well as the relationship of 
the results of the studies to human risk. EPA has also considered 
available information concerning the variability of the sensitivities 
of major identifiable subgroups of consumers, including infants and 
children. Trifloxystrobin exhibits very low toxicity following single 
oral, dermal and inhalation exposures. It is a strong dermal sensitizer 
and a mild dermal and eye irritant. In repeated dose studies in rats, 
mice, and dogs, liver effects and reduced body weights along with 
reduction in food consumption are the common findings for 
trifloxystrobin. Liver effects included an increase in liver weights 
and an increased incidence of hepatocellular hypertrophy and/or 
hepatocellular necrosis. In the rabbit developmental toxicity study, an 
increase in the incidence of fused sternabrae was seen at a dose 10 
times higher than the maternal lowest observed adverse effect level 
(LOAEL), while no developmental effects was seen in the rat 
developmental study at a limit dose. In the rat reproduction study, 
both parents and offspring showed decreases in body weight during 
lactation. The rat and rabbit developmental and the rat reproduction 
toxicity data do not demonstrate an increase in susceptibility in the 
fetus or other offspring. Trifloxystrobin is classified as: ``Not 
likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans'' based on both the negative 
results in the battery of mutagenicity tests (except at a cytotoxic 
dose in one in vitro test), and from the long-term carcinogenicity 
studies in rats and mice. There is no concern for neurotoxicity or 
immunotoxicity in the database.
    Specific information on the studies received and the nature of the 
adverse effects caused by trifloxystrobin as well as the no-observed-
adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) and the lowest-observed-adverse-effect-
level (LOAEL) from the toxicity studies are discussed in the document 
``Trifloxystrobin. Human Health Risk Assessment for the Proposed New 
Use on Cottonseed Subgroup 20C and a Tolerance Amendment on Corn Field 
Forage.,'' dated September 13, 2016.

B. Toxicological Points of Departure/Levels of Concern

    Once a pesticide's toxicological profile is determined, EPA 
identifies toxicological points of departure (POD) and levels of 
concern to use in evaluating the risk posed by human exposure to the 
pesticide. For hazards that have a threshold below which there is no 
appreciable risk, the toxicological POD is used as the basis for 
derivation of reference values for risk assessment. PODs are developed 
based on a careful analysis of the doses in each toxicological study to 
determine the dose at which no adverse effects are observed (the NOAEL) 
and the lowest dose at which adverse effects of concern are identified 
(the LOAEL). Uncertainty/safety factors are used in conjunction with 
the POD to calculate a safe exposure level--generally referred to as a 
population-adjusted dose (PAD) or a reference dose (RfD)--and a safe 
margin of exposure (MOE). For non-threshold risks, the Agency assumes 
that any amount of exposure will lead to some degree of risk. Thus, the 
Agency estimates risk in terms of the probability of an occurrence of 
the adverse effect expected in a lifetime. For more information on the 
general principles EPA uses in risk characterization and a complete 
description of the risk assessment process, see https://www.epa.gov/pesticides/factsheets/riskassess.htm.
    A summary of the toxicological endpoints for trifloxystrobin used 
for human risk assessment is discussed in Unit Unit III B of the final 
rule published in the Federal Register of June 11, 2010 (75 FR 33192) 
(FRL-8829-2). However, subsequent to that Federal Register publication, 
EPA reassessed the liver effects seen in the 28-day dermal toxicity 
study according

[[Page 78934]]

to current policy, and determined that these effects should not be 
considered adverse. The NOAEL for the 28-day dermal study was set at 
1,000 mg/kg/day, and a LOAEL was not established. Because the Agency no 
longer considers there to be a toxic endpoint for dermal exposure, the 
endpoints assessed as part of this action exclude the endpoint for 
dermal exposure identified in the table published in the above-
referenced Federal Register on June 11, 2010.

C. Exposure Assessment

    1. Dietary exposure from food and feed uses. In evaluating dietary 
exposure to trifloxystrobin, EPA considered exposure under the 
petitioned-for tolerances as well as all existing trifloxystrobin 
tolerances in 40 CFR 180.555. EPA assessed dietary exposures from 
trifloxystrobin in food as follows:
    i. Acute exposure. Quantitative acute dietary exposure and risk 
assessments are performed for a food-use pesticide, if a toxicological 
study has indicated the possibility of an effect of concern occurring 
as a result of a 1-day or single exposure.
    Such effects were identified for trifloxystrobin. In estimating 
acute dietary exposure, EPA used food consumption information from the 
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) 2003-2008 Nationwide 
Continuing Surveys of Food Intake by Individuals (CSFII). As to residue 
levels in food, EPA conducted the acute dietary assessment assuming 
tolerance level residues and 100 percent crop treated (PCT) for all 
commodities.
    ii. Chronic exposure. In conducting the chronic dietary exposure 
assessment EPA used the food consumption data from the USDA 2003-2008 
CSFII. As to residue levels in food, EPA assumed 100% crop treated, 
tolerance level residues, average residues for some crops, and default 
processing factors.
    iii. Cancer. Based on the data summarized in Unit III.A., EPA has 
concluded that trifloxystrobin does not pose a cancer risk to humans. 
Therefore, a dietary exposure assessment for the purpose of assessing 
cancer risk is unnecessary.
    iv. Anticipated residue information. Section 408(b)(2)(E) of FFDCA 
authorizes EPA to use available data and information on the anticipated 
residue levels of pesticide residues in food and the actual levels of 
pesticide residues that have been measured in food. If EPA relies on 
such information, EPA must require pursuant to FFDCA section 408(f)(1) 
that data be provided 5 years after the tolerance is established, 
modified, or left in effect, demonstrating that the levels in food are 
not above the levels anticipated. For the present action, EPA will 
issue such data call-ins as are required by FFDCA section 408(b)(2)(E) 
and authorized under FFDCA section 408(f)(1). Data will be required to 
be submitted no later than 5 years from the date of issuance of these 
tolerances.
    2. Dietary exposure from drinking water. The Agency used screening 
level water exposure models in the dietary exposure analysis and risk 
assessment for trifloxystrobin in drinking water. These simulation 
models take into account data on the physical, chemical, and fate/
transport characteristics of trifloxystrobin. Further information 
regarding EPA drinking water models used in pesticide exposure 
assessment can be found at https://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/index.htm.
    Based on the PRZM/EXAMS (Pesticide Root Zone Model)/(Exposure 
Analysis Modeling System) and Pesticide Root Zone Model Ground Water 
(PRZM GW), the estimated drinking water concentrations (EDWCs) of 
trifloxystrobin for acute exposures are estimated to be 29 parts per 
billion (ppb) for surface water and 427 ppb for ground water, 
respectively. For chronic non-cancer exposure assessments, EDWCs are 
estimated to be 23 ppb for surface water and 365 ppb for ground water.
    Modeled estimates of drinking water concentrations were directly 
entered into the dietary exposure model. For acute dietary risk 
assessment, the water concentration value of 427 ppb was used to assess 
the contribution to drinking water. For chronic dietary risk 
assessment, the water concentration of value 365 ppb was used to assess 
the contribution to drinking water.
    3. From non-dietary exposure. The term ``residential exposure'' is 
used in this document to refer to non-occupational, non-dietary 
exposure (e.g., for lawn and garden pest control, indoor pest control, 
termiticides, and flea and tick control on pets).
    Trifloxystrobin is currently registered for the following uses that 
could result in residential exposures: ornamental plants and turfgrass. 
EPA assessed residential exposure from relevant registered 
trifloxystrobin products using the Agency's 2012 Residential Standard 
Operating Procedures (SOPs) along with updates in policy regarding body 
weight in addition to the following assumptions:
    i. Residential handler exposures. Residential handler exposure is 
expected to be short-term only. Intermediate-term exposures are not 
likely because of the intermittent nature of applications by 
homeowners. Dermal handler exposures were not assessed since no adverse 
systemic dermal hazard was identified for trifloxystrobin.
    ii. Residential post-application exposures. Because dermal hazard 
has not been identified for trifloxystrobin, a quantitative post-
application assessment for dermal exposure is not necessary and the 
only exposure scenarios quantitatively assessed are for children 1 to 
<2 years old who may experience short-term incidental oral exposure to 
trifloxystrobin from treated turf. Incidental oral granule ingestion is 
not applicable because there is no endpoint identified for the acute 
dietary duration for infants and children. Intermediate-term incidental 
oral post-application exposures are not expected because 
trifloxystrobin is not persistent in soil or water; furthermore, the 
short-term incidental oral risk estimates would be protective of the 
possible intermediate-term incidental oral exposures because the POD 
for both durations is the same. Post-application inhalation exposure is 
expected to be negligible for the proposed residential uses. Further 
information regarding EPA standard assumptions and generic inputs for 
residential exposures may be found at https://www.epa.gov/pesticides/trac/science/trac6a05.pdf.
    4. Cumulative effects from substances with a common mechanism of 
toxicity. Section 408(b)(2)(D)(v) of FFDCA requires that, when 
considering whether to establish, modify, or revoke a tolerance, the 
Agency consider ``available information'' concerning the cumulative 
effects of a particular pesticide's residues and ``other substances 
that have a common mechanism of toxicity.''
    EPA has not found trifloxystrobin to share a common mechanism of 
toxicity with any other substances, and trifloxystrobin does not appear 
to produce a toxic metabolite produced by other substances. For the 
purposes of this tolerance action, therefore, EPA has assumed that 
trifloxystrobin does not have a common mechanism of toxicity with other 
substances. For information regarding EPA's efforts to determine which 
chemicals have a common mechanism of toxicity and to evaluate the 
cumulative effects of such chemicals, see EPA's Web site at https://www.epa.gov/pesticides/cumulative.

D. Safety Factor for Infants and Children

    1. In general. Section 408(b)(2)(C) of FFDCA provides that EPA 
shall apply an additional tenfold (10X) margin of safety for infants 
and children in the case of threshold effects to account for

[[Page 78935]]

prenatal and postnatal toxicity and the completeness of the database on 
toxicity and exposure unless EPA determines based on reliable data that 
a different margin of safety will be safe for infants and children. 
This additional margin of safety is commonly referred to as the FQPA 
Safety Factor (SF). In applying this provision, EPA either retains the 
default value of 10X, or uses a different additional safety factor when 
reliable data available to EPA support the choice of a different 
factor.
    2. Prenatal and postnatal sensitivity. There is no indication of 
increased quantitative or qualitative susceptibility to trifloxystrobin 
in rats or rabbits. In the prenatal developmental study in rats, there 
was no developmental toxicity up to or at the limit dose. In the 
prenatal developmental study in rabbits, developmental toxicity was 
seen at a dose that was higher than the dose causing maternal toxicity. 
In the multigeneration study, offspring and parental LOAELs are at the 
same dose level
    3. Conclusion. EPA has determined that reliable data show the 
safety of infants and children would be adequately protected if the 
FQPA SF were reduced to 1X. That decision is based on the following 
findings:
    i. The toxicity database for trifloxystrobin is complete.
    ii. There is no indication that trifloxystrobin is a neurotoxic 
chemical and there is no need for a developmental neurotoxicity study 
or additional UFs to account for neurotoxicity.
    iii. There is no evidence that trifloxystrobin results in increased 
susceptibility in in utero rats or rabbits in the prenatal 
developmental studies or in young rats in the 2-generation reproduction 
study.
    iv. There are no residual uncertainties identified in the exposure 
databases. The exposure databases are complete or are estimated based 
on data that reasonably account for potential exposures. The exposure 
assessments will not underestimate the potential dietary (food and 
drinking water) or non-dietary exposures for infants and children from 
the use of trifloxystrobin. The chronic dietary food exposure 
assessment was conservatively based on 100%CT assumptions and 
conservative ground water drinking water modeling estimates. The 
dietary drinking water assessment utilizes water concentration values 
generated by models and associated modeling parameters which are 
designed to provide conservative, health protective, high-end estimates 
of water concentrations, and are not likely to be exceeded. In 
addition, the residential post-application assessment is based upon the 
residential SOPs employing surrogate study data. The Residential SOPs 
are based upon reasonable ``worst-case'' assumptions and are not 
expected to underestimate risk. These data are reliable and are not 
expected to underestimate risk to adults or children.

E. Aggregate Risks and Determination of Safety

    EPA determines whether acute and chronic dietary pesticide 
exposures are safe by comparing aggregate exposure estimates to the 
acute PAD (aPAD) and chronic PAD (cPAD). For linear cancer risks, EPA 
calculates the lifetime probability of acquiring cancer given the 
estimated aggregate exposure. Short-, intermediate-, and chronic-term 
risks are evaluated by comparing the estimated aggregate food, water, 
and residential exposure to the appropriate PODs to ensure that an 
adequate MOE exists.
    1. Acute risk. Using the exposure assumptions discussed in this 
unit for acute exposure, the acute dietary exposure from food and water 
to trifloxystrobin will occupy 5% of the aPAD for 13-49 year old 
females, the population group receiving the greatest exposure.
    2. Chronic risk. Using the exposure assumptions described in this 
unit for chronic exposure, EPA has concluded that chronic exposure to 
trifloxystrobin from food and water will utilize 71% of the cPAD for 
infants (<1 year old), the population group receiving the greatest 
exposure. Based on the explanation in Unit III.C.3., regarding 
residential use patterns, chronic residential exposure to residues of 
trifloxystrobin is not expected.
    3. Short-term risk. Short-term aggregate exposure takes into 
account short-term residential exposure plus chronic exposure to food 
and water (considered to be a background exposure level).
    Trifloxystrobin is currently registered for uses that could result 
in short-term residential exposure, and the Agency has determined that 
it is appropriate to aggregate chronic exposure through food and water 
with short-term residential exposures to trifloxystrobin.
    Using the exposure assumptions described in this unit for short-
term exposures, EPA has concluded the combined short-term food, water, 
and residential exposures result in aggregate MOEs of 290 for adults 
and 130 for children 1-<2 years old. Because EPA's level of concern for 
trifloxystrobin is a MOE of 100 or below, these MOEs are not of 
concern.
    4. Intermediate-term risk. Intermediate-term aggregate exposure 
takes into account intermediate-term residential exposure plus chronic 
exposure to food and water (considered to be a background exposure 
level). An intermediate-term aggregate risk assessment (1 to 6 months 
of exposure to trifloxystrobin residues from food, drinking water, and 
residential pesticide uses) is not expected to occur based on the 
intermittent nature of homeowner applications, and the short soil half-
life of trifloxystrobin (about 2 days). Therefore, an intermediate-term 
aggregate risk assessment was not performed.
    5. Aggregate cancer risk for U.S. population. Based on the lack of 
evidence of carcinogenicity in two adequate rodent carcinogenicity 
studies, trifloxystrobin is not expected to pose a cancer risk to 
humans.
    6. Determination of safety. Based on these risk assessments, EPA 
concludes that there is a reasonable certainty that no harm will result 
to the general population, or to infants and children from aggregate 
exposure to trifloxystrobin residues.

IV. Other Considerations

A. Analytical Enforcement Methodology

    Adequate enforcement methodology (gas chromatography with nitrogen 
phosphorus detection (GC/NPD), Method AG-659A) is available to enforce 
the tolerance expression for the combined residues of trifloxystrobin 
and CGA-321113 in plant and livestock commodities. The lowest level of 
method validation (LLMV) is equivalent to the limit of quantitation 
(LOQ) which was 0.010 ppm for each analyte in/on all matrices.
    The method may be requested from: Chief, Analytical Chemistry 
Branch, Environmental Science Center, 701 Mapes Rd., Ft. Meade, MD 
20755-5350; telephone number: (410) 305-2905; email address: 
residuemethods@epa.gov.

B. International Residue Limits

    In making its tolerance decisions, EPA seeks to harmonize U.S. 
tolerances with international standards whenever possible, consistent 
with U.S. food safety standards and agricultural practices. EPA 
considers the international maximum residue limits (MRLs) established 
by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (Codex), as required by FFDCA 
section 408(b)(4). The Codex Alimentarius is a joint United Nations 
Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization food 
standards program,

[[Page 78936]]

and it is recognized as an international food safety standards-setting 
organization in trade agreements to which the United States is a party. 
EPA may establish a tolerance that is different from a Codex MRL; 
however, FFDCA section 408(b)(4) requires that EPA explain the reasons 
for departing from the Codex level.
    The Codex has not established a MRL for trifloxystrobin on cotton, 
gin byproducts; cottonseed subgroup 20C; or corn, field, forage.

C. Response to Comments

    The Agency received one anonymous public comment suggesting that we 
deny this tolerance because there are ``too many toxic chemicals 
applied to food with no accurate long term tests that show any safety 
at all.'' No supporting data was included to support this comment.
    The Agency considered a complete set of scientific data to assess 
the risk of this chemical and these new uses. These data, along with 
conservative models/assumptions, were used to assess the safety of 
these tolerances. The Agency understands the commenter's concerns and 
recognizes that some individuals believe that pesticides should be 
banned on agricultural crops. However, the existing legal framework 
provided by section 408 of the FFDCA states that tolerances may be set 
when persons seeking such tolerances or exemptions have demonstrated 
that the pesticide meets the safety standard imposed by that statute. 
The citizen's comments appear to be directed at the underlying statute 
and not EPA's implementation of it; the citizens have made no 
contention that EPA has acted in violation of the statutory framework.

D. Revisions to Petitioned-for Tolerances

    The Agency is revising the commodity definitions for the requested 
tolerances to reflect the common commodity vocabulary currently used by 
the Agency. Specifically, the requested ``Cotton, undelinted seed (Crop 
subgroup 20C)'' was changed to ``Cottonseed subgroup 20C''; the 
requested ``Cotton, Gin By-products'' was changed to ``Cotton, gin 
byproducts''.

V. Conclusion

    Therefore, tolerances are established for residues of 
trifloxystrobin, benzeneacetic acid, (E,E)-[alpha]-(methoxyimino)-2-
[[[[1-[3-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl]ethylidene] amino]oxy]methyl]-, 
methyl ester, and the free form of its acid metabolite CGA-321113, 
(E,E)-methoxyimino-[2-[1-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-
ethylideneaminooxymethyl]-phenyl]acetic acid, calculated as the 
stoichiometric equivalent of trifloxystrobin, in or on cottonseed 
subgroup 20C at 0.50 ppm; cotton, gin byproducts at 3.0 ppm. The 
existing corn, field, forage tolerance of 6.0 parts per million (ppm) 
is increased to 8.0 ppm.

VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    This action establishes tolerances under FFDCA section 408(d) in 
response to a petition submitted to the Agency. The Office of 
Management and Budget (OMB) has exempted these types of actions from 
review under Executive Order 12866, entitled ``Regulatory Planning and 
Review'' (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993). Because this action has been 
exempted from review under Executive Order 12866, this action is not 
subject to Executive Order 13211, entitled ``Actions Concerning 
Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or 
Use'' (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001) or Executive Order 13045, entitled 
``Protection of Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety 
Risks'' (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997). This action does not contain any 
information collections subject to OMB approval under the Paperwork 
Reduction Act (PRA) (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.), nor does it require any 
special considerations under Executive Order 12898, entitled ``Federal 
Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and 
Low-Income Populations'' (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
    Since tolerances and exemptions that are established on the basis 
of a petition under FFDCA section 408(d), such as the tolerance in this 
final rule, do not require the issuance of a proposed rule, the 
requirements of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) (5 U.S.C. 601 et 
seq.), do not apply.
    This action directly regulates growers, food processors, food 
handlers, and food retailers, not States or tribes, nor does this 
action alter the relationships or distribution of power and 
responsibilities established by Congress in the preemption provisions 
of FFDCA section 408(n)(4). As such, the Agency has determined that 
this action will not have a substantial direct effect on States or 
tribal governments, on the relationship between the national government 
and the States or tribal governments, or on the distribution of power 
and responsibilities among the various levels of government or between 
the Federal Government and Indian tribes. Thus, the Agency has 
determined that Executive Order 13132, entitled ``Federalism'' (64 FR 
43255, August 10, 1999) and Executive Order 13175, entitled 
``Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments'' (65 FR 
67249, November 9, 2000) do not apply to this action. In addition, this 
action does not impose any enforceable duty or contain any unfunded 
mandate as described under Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act 
(UMRA) (2 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.).
    This action does not involve any technical standards that would 
require Agency consideration of voluntary consensus standards pursuant 
to section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement 
Act (NTTAA) (15 U.S.C. 272 note).

VII. Congressional Review Act

    Pursuant to the Congressional Review Act (5 U.S.C. 801 et seq.), 
EPA will submit a report containing this rule and other required 
information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of Representatives, and 
the Comptroller General of the United States prior to publication of 
the rule in the Federal Register. This action is not a ``major rule'' 
as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 180

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
Agricultural commodities, Pesticides and pests, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements.

    Dated: October 21, 2016.
Michael Goodis,
Acting Director, Registration Division, Office of Pesticide Programs.

    Therefore, 40 CFR chapter I is amended as follows:

PART 180--[AMENDED]

0
1. The authority citation for part 180 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  21 U.S.C. 321(q), 346a and 371.


0
2. In Sec.  180.555, in the table in paragraph (a):
0
a. Revise the entry for ``Corn, field, forage'';
0
b. Add alphabetically entries for ``Cotton, gin byproducts'' and 
``Cottonseed subgroup 20C''.
    The revisions and additions read as follows:


Sec.  180.555   Trifloxystrobin; tolerances for residues.

    (a) * * *

[[Page 78937]]



------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Parts per
                        Commodity                             million
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                * * * * *
Corn, field, forage......................................           8.0
 
                                * * * * *
Cotton, gin byproducts...................................           3.0
Cottonseed subgroup 20C..................................           0.50
 
                                * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *

[FR Doc. 2016-27204 Filed 11-9-16; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 6560-50-P