Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Texas; Reasonable Further Progress Plan and Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets for the Dallas/Fort Worth 2008 Ozone Nonattainment Area, 64372-64377 [2016-22564]
Download as PDF
64372
Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 182 / Tuesday, September 20, 2016 / Proposed Rules
or material that the Bureau considers
unsuitable for posting.
You may also view copies of this
notice of proposed rulemaking, all
related petitions, maps and other
supporting materials, and any electronic
or mailed comments that TTB receives
about this proposal by appointment at
the TTB Information Resource Center,
1310 G Street NW., Washington, DC
20005. You may also obtain copies at 20
cents per 8.5- x 11-inch page. Please
note that TTB is unable to provide
copies of USGS maps or other similarlysized documents that may be included
as part of the AVA petition. Contact
TTB’s information specialist at the
above address or by telephone at 202–
453–2265 to schedule an appointment
or to request copies of comments or
other materials.
Regulatory Flexibility Act
TTB certifies that this proposed
regulation, if adopted, would not have
a significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities.
The proposed regulation imposes no
new reporting, recordkeeping, or other
administrative requirement. Any benefit
derived from the use of an AVA name
would be the result of a proprietor’s
efforts and consumer acceptance of
wines from that area. Therefore, no
regulatory flexibility analysis is
required.
Executive Order 12866
It has been determined that this
proposed rule is not a significant
regulatory action as defined by
Executive Order 12866 of September 30,
1993. Therefore, no regulatory
assessment is required.
Drafting Information
Karen A. Thornton of the Regulations
and Rulings Division drafted this notice
of proposed rulemaking.
List of Subjects in 27 CFR Part 9
Wine.
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with PROPOSALS
Proposed Regulatory Amendment
For the reasons discussed in the
preamble, TTB proposes to amend title
27, chapter I, part 9, Code of Federal
Regulations, as follows:
PART 9—AMERICAN VITICULTURAL
AREAS
1. The authority citation for part 9
continues to read as follows:
■
16:30 Sep 19, 2016
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
2. Section 9.207 is amended by
revising paragraph (b) introductory text,
adding paragraphs (b)(8) through (10),
revising paragraphs (c)(16) and (17),
redesignating paragraph (c)(18) through
(22) as paragraphs (c)(21) through (25),
and adding new paragraphs (c)(18)
through (20).
The revisions and additions read as
set forth below:
40 CFR Part 52
■
§ 9.207
Outer Coastal Plain.
*
*
*
*
*
(b) Approved maps. The appropriate
maps for determining the boundary of
the Outer Coastal Plain viticultural area
are 10 United States Geological Survey
topographic maps. They are titled:
*
*
*
*
*
(8) Freehold, New Jersey, 2014, 1:
24,000 scale;
(9) Marlboro, New Jersey, 2014,
1:24,000 scale; and
(10) Keyport, New Jersey–New York,
2014, 1:24,000 scale.
(c) * * *
(16) Continue northeasterly on CR
537, crossing onto the Freehold, New
Jersey, map, to the intersection of CR
537 (known locally as W. Main Street)
and State Route 79 (known locally as S.
Main Street) in Freehold; then
(17) Proceed northeasterly, then
northerly, along State Route 79, crossing
onto the Marlboro, New Jersey, map to
the intersection of State Route 79 and
Pleasant Valley Road in Wickatunk;
then
(18) Proceed northeasterly, then
southeasterly along Pleasant Valley
Road to the road’s intersection with
Schank Road, south of Pleasant Valley;
then
(19) Proceed easterly along Schank
Road to the road’s intersection with
Holmdel Road; then
(20) Proceed northerly along Holmdel
Road, crossing onto the Keyport, New
Jersey–New York map, to the road’s
intersection with the Garden State
Parkway, north of Crawford Corners;
then
*
*
*
*
*
Dated: September 14, 2016.
John J. Manfreda,
Administrator.
[FR Doc. 2016–22635 Filed 9–19–16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4810–31–P
Authority: 27 U.S.C. 205.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
Subpart C—Approved American
Viticultural Areas
Jkt 238001
PO 00000
Frm 00016
Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
[EPA–R06–OAR–2015–0495; FRL–9951–38–
Region 6]
Approval and Promulgation of Air
Quality Implementation Plans; Texas;
Reasonable Further Progress Plan and
Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets for
the Dallas/Fort Worth 2008 Ozone
Nonattainment Area
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
AGENCY:
The Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) is proposing to approve
revisions to the Dallas/Fort Worth
(DFW) Texas Reasonable Further
Progress (RFP) State Implementation
Plan (SIP) for the DFW moderate
nonattainment area for the 2008 ozone
National Ambient Air Quality Standard
(NAAQS or standard). The SIP revision
was submitted to the EPA on July 10,
2015 and supplemented on April 22,
2016. We also are proposing to approve
revisions to the 2011 base year
emissions inventory for the DFW
moderate nonattainment area for the
2008 ozone NAAQS standard, the 2017
transportation conformity motor vehicle
emissions budgets, and the required
contingency measures for failure to meet
RFP. This action is being taken under
the Clean Air Act (CAA).
DATES: Written comments must be
received on or before October 20, 2016.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments,
identified by Docket No. [EPA–R06–
OAR–2015–0495], at https://
www.regulations.gov or via email to
jacques.wendy@epa.gov. Follow the
online instructions for submitting
comments. Once submitted, comments
cannot be edited or removed from
Regulations.gov. The EPA may publish
any comment received to its public
docket. Do not submit electronically any
information you consider to be
Confidential Business Information (CBI)
or other information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute. Multimedia
submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be
accompanied by a written comment.
The written comment is considered the
official comment and should include
discussion of all points you wish to
make. The EPA will generally not
consider comments or comment
contents located outside of the primary
submission (i.e. on the web, cloud, or
other file sharing system). For
additional submission methods, please
contact Ms. Wendy Jacques, (214) 665–
7395, jacques.wendy@epa.gov. For the
SUMMARY:
E:\FR\FM\20SEP1.SGM
20SEP1
Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 182 / Tuesday, September 20, 2016 / Proposed Rules
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with PROPOSALS
full EPA public comment policy,
information about CBI or multimedia
submissions, and general guidance on
making effective comments, please visit
https://www2.epa.gov/dockets/
commenting-epa-dockets.
Docket: The index to the docket for
this action is available electronically at
www.regulations.gov and in hard copy
at the EPA Region 6, 1445 Ross Avenue,
Suite 700, Dallas, Texas. While all
documents in the docket are listed in
the index, some information may be
publicly available only at the hard copy
location (e.g., copyrighted material), and
some may not be publicly available at
either location (e.g., CBI).
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms.
Wendy Jacques, (214) 665–7395,
jacques.wendy@epa.gov. To inspect the
hard copy materials, please schedule an
appointment with Ms. Wendy Jacques
or Mr. Bill Deese at (214) 665–7253.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Throughout this document, ‘‘we,’’ ‘‘us,’’
and ‘‘our’’ mean the EPA.
I. Background
The EPA is proposing to approve
revisions to the Texas SIP, submitted to
EPA on July 10, 2015 and supplemented
on April 22, 2016 to meet certain
requirements under section 182(b) of the
CAA for the DFW Moderate
nonattainment area (NAA) under the
2008 ozone standard. We are proposing
to approve the DFW RFP SIP that
includes the RFP plan, contingency
measures for failure to meet RFP
milestone requirements, and the 2017
transportation conformity motor vehicle
emissions budgets (MVEBs). We are also
proposing to approve the 2011 base year
emissions inventory (EI).
On March 12, 2008, the EPA
promulgated a revised 8-hour ozone
standard of 0.075 parts per million
(ppm) 1 and on April 30, 2012, the EPA
designated and classified the DFW area
(consisting of Collin, Dallas, Denton,
Ellis, Johnson, Kaufman, Parker,
Rockwall, Tarrant and Wise counties) 2
as a Moderate NAA under the 2008
ozone standard with an attainment date
of July 20, 2018.3 Accordingly, the
Texas Commission on Environmental
Quality (TCEQ) was required to submit
revisions to the DFW SIP to meet
requirements under section 182(b) of the
CAA for the Moderate NAA. A brief
history of the DFW area under the prior
1 See 73 FR 16436, published March 27, 2008. In
this action we refer to the 2008 8-hour ozone
standard as ‘‘the 2008 ozone NAAQS’’ or ‘‘the 2008
ozone standard.’’
2 See 77 FR 30088, published May 21, 2012. We
refer to the DFW nonattainment area for the 2008
ozone standard as ‘‘the 10-county NAA.’’
3 See 80 FR 12264, published March 6, 2015.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
16:30 Sep 19, 2016
Jkt 238001
1-hour and 1997 8-hour ozone
standards, as well as additional
background information, is provided in
the Technical Support Document (TSD),
which is in the docket for this
rulemaking.
A. The Reasonable Further Progress
(RFP) Plan
The CAA requires that areas
designated as nonattainment for ozone
and classified as Moderate or worse
demonstrate RFP in reducing emissions
of ozone precursors (nitrogen oxides or
NOX and volatile organic compounds or
VOCs) 4 over a specific period of time.
The RFP plan generally is designed to
achieve progress toward meeting the
ozone NAAQS through annual
reductions in emissions of NOX and/or
VOCs. In our final rule to implement the
2008 ozone standard (referred to as the
SIP Requirements Rule or SRR) we
addressed, among other things, the RFP
requirements as they apply to areas
designated nonattainment and classified
as Moderate for the 2008 ozone
standard. For the purposes of the 2008
ozone NAAQS, the EPA in the SRR
interpreted CAA section 182(b)(1)(A)(ii)
to require such Moderate areas to obtain
15 percent ozone precursor emission
reductions over the first 6 years after the
baseline year for the 2008 ozone
NAAQS (see 80 FR 12264, March 6,
2015 and 40 CFR 51.1110).
RFP plans must also include a MVEB,
which provides the allowable on-road
mobile emissions an area can produce
and continue to demonstrate RFP. The
State’s RFP submittal included MVEBs
for the DFW area for the year 2017 (see
Chapter 5 of the State’s submittal and
page 13 of our TSD). The MVEBs are
discussed in detail later in this
rulemaking.
Pursuant to section 172(c)(9) of the
CAA, nonattainment plan provisions
must also provide for the
implementation of contingency
measures, that is, specific measures to
be undertaken if a nonattainment area
fails to make reasonable further
progress, or to attain the national
primary ambient air quality standard by
the applicable attainment date. Such
contingency measures shall take effect
without further action by the State or
EPA, which include additional controls
that would be implemented if the area
fails to reach, in this case, its RFP
milestones. While the CAA does not
specify the type of measures or quantity
of emissions reductions required, EPA
has interpreted the CAA to mean that
implementation of these contingency
4 For additional information on ozone, please see
the TSD and visit www.epa.gov/groundlevelozone.
PO 00000
Frm 00017
Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
64373
measures would provide additional
emissions reductions of up to 3% of the
adjusted base year inventory (or a lesser
percentage that will make up the
identified shortfall) in the year
following the RFP milestone year. For
more information on contingency
measures, see the April 16, 1992
General Preamble (57 FR 13498, 13510)
and the SRR (80 FR 12264, 12285). The
State provided emissions reductions in
excess of those needed for RFP as
contingency measures (see Chapter 4,
pages 15–17 of the State’s submittal and
Tables 6 and 7 in our TSD). The
submitted contingency measures
include, but are not limited to, (1)
mobile source emission reductions
addressing engine and fuel rules; and (2)
fleet turnover.
In addition, section 182(a)(1) of the
CAA requires an inventory of actual
emissions from all sources of relevant
pollutants in the nonattainment area.
Such emissions inventories are used,
among other things, in the calculations
concerning RFP in such areas. In the
SRR, the EPA recommended using 2011
as the base year emission inventory.
Texas submitted a revised 2011 base
year inventory for area and mobile
source emissions in the ten-county NAA
to meet this requirement.
II. The EPA’s Evaluation
The SIP revision submitted by the
TCEQ on July 10, 2015 and
supplemented on April 22, 2016
includes: (1) A revised 2011 base year
EI for area and mobile sources; (2) the
RFP plan (which must demonstrate NOX
and/or VOC emissions reductions of at
least fifteen percent through 2017 for
nine of the ten counties and VOC-only
emissions reductions for Wise County);
(3) contingency measures to be
implemented in 2018 if the 2017 RFP
target is not met; and (4) the MVEBs for
2017.5
We reviewed the submittal for
consistency with the requirements of
the CAA, EPA regulations, and EPA
guidance. A summary of our analysis
and findings are provided below. For a
more detailed discussion of our
evaluation, please see our TSD.
5 A technical supplement to the RFP submittal
was provided by the TCEQ on April 22, 2016,
showing how Wise County meets the 15% emission
reduction requirement described elsewhere in this
proposal. The data provided in the technical
supplement was included in the July 10, 2015 SIP
submittal, but was not used in the State’s
calculations because the TCEQ calculated the 15%
emission reduction using all 10 counties and did
not realize the requirement for Wise County to meet
a 15% emission reduction by itself. For more detail,
see our TSD and the TCEQ’s April 22, 2016
technical supplement in the docket for this
rulemaking.
E:\FR\FM\20SEP1.SGM
20SEP1
64374
Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 182 / Tuesday, September 20, 2016 / Proposed Rules
A. The DFW Base Year Emissions
Inventory
An emissions inventory is a
comprehensive, accurate, and current
inventory of actual emission from all
sources. It is required by sections
172(c)(3) and 182(b)(1) of the CAA that
require that nonattainment plan
provisions include an inventory of NOX
and VOC emissions from all sources in
the nonattainment area. The EPA
previously approved the 2011 base year
inventory (see 80 FR 9204, February 20,
2015). Since that submittal, several
improvements have been made,
including, but not limited to,
improvements to the models used to
calculate the mobile source categories
within the inventory. Because of these
refinements, revisions to more
accurately reflect the EI were made by
the TCEQ. We have determined that the
revised inventory was developed in
accordance with EPA guidance and
regulations 6 and therefore, we propose
to approve the revised 2011 base year
EI. For reference, the previously
approved base year EI (80 FR 9204) is
provided in Table 1, reported in tons
per day (tpd), along with the revised
2011 base year EI, also reported in tpd.
Details on how each of the emissions
categories was revised and emissions
totals for each county are included in
the TSD.
TABLE 1—PREVIOUSLY APPROVED (80 FR 9204) AND REVISED RFP BASE YEAR EIS
NOX
Source type
Approved at
80 FR 9204
VOC
Submitted
revisions *
Approved at
80 FR 9204
Submitted
revisions *
2011 Base Year Inventory for the DFW Ten-County Nonattainment Area (tpd)
Point .................................................................................................................
Area .................................................................................................................
Non-road Mobile ..............................................................................................
On-road Mobile ................................................................................................
39.95
42.64
120.61
238.87
39.95
50.98
116.95
241.13
29.80
292.49
55.00
98.36
29.80
291.31
54.63
104.12
Total ..........................................................................................................
442.07
449.01
475.65
479.86
* Submitted to EPA by the TCEQ on July 10, 2015.
B. The DFW RFP SIP Revision
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with PROPOSALS
1. The Adjusted Base Year Inventory
and RFP Target Levels for 2017 and
2018
The 2011 base year EI is the starting
point for calculating RFP. The
‘‘adjusted’’ emissions are what we
would expect to see if the on-road fleet
did not implement the low Reid Vapor
Pressure (RVP) gasoline and pre-1990
automobile emission controls. Such
controls are not creditable under section
182(b)(1)(D) of the CAA, but are no
longer required to be calculated for
exclusion in RFP analyses because the
Administrator determined that due to
the passage of time the effect of these
exclusions would be de minimis (40
CFR 51.1110). The State has chosen
these non-creditable reductions to
represent a more accurate accounting,
which is acceptable. The result, after
subtracting the non-creditable
reductions, is known as the adjusted
base year inventory. The RFP target
levels and emissions reductions
required to meet those targets are
calculated from the adjusted base year
inventory.
To achieve the RFP target levels,
section 182(c)(2)(B) of the CAA allows
6 Under sections 172(c)(3) and 182(a)(1) of the
CAA, states are required to submit EI information
for all relevant sources for areas that are designated
nonattainment for any of the NAAQS. See also
https://www.epa.gov/air-emissions-inventories for
VerDate Sep<11>2014
16:30 Sep 19, 2016
Jkt 238001
for substitution of NOX emission
reductions for VOC emission reductions
in certain circumstances. See 80 FR
12264, 12271 and 40 CFR 51.1110.7 For
example, the DFW ten-county NAA
includes nine counties that have already
met the 15 percent emission reduction
requirement for VOC under the 1-hour
ozone NAAQS (Collin, Dallas, Denton
and Tarrant, see 70 FR 18993) and
under the 1997 ozone NAAQS (Ellis,
Johnson, Kaufman, Parker and
Rockwall, see 73 FR 58475). Therefore,
these nine counties may rely upon NOX
and VOC emissions reductions to
achieve the RFP target levels. Wise
County however, must meet the 15
percent VOC emission reduction
requirement because this is its first time
to be covered under the ozone
nonattainment SIP requirements. This
also means that these VOC emission
reductions are calculated separately
from the other nine counties (see the
TSD for a more detailed explanation).
The RFP submittal provides emission
reductions of NOX and VOC whose
combined total is 15 percent for nine of
the ten counties (all but Wise County).
As explained in more detail in the
State’s April 22, 2016 ‘‘Technical
Supplement to the 2008 Ozone DFW
RFP SIP Revision,’’ the TCEQ provided
a technical supplement to EPA to
correct the 2017 RFP demonstration for
Wise County as well as a corrected RFP
spreadsheet that removed the transfer of
VOC reductions to Wise County and
credits emissions reductions from
drilling rig controls that were available
but not credited in its July 10, 2015
submittal. The technical supplement
shows that Wise County meets the 15%
VOC-only reduction requirement from
the 2011 base year through the 2017
attainment year based solely on
reductions from within Wise County.
All the data used to meet this
requirement within Wise County was
included in the original submitted SIP
RFP revision but was not used in the
RFP calculations because TCEQ did not
think it was needed at that time.
more information on air emission inventories,
including regulations and EPA guidance.
7 See also our December 1993 NO Substitution
X
Guidance at www.epa.gov/ttn/caaa/t1/memoranda/
noxsubst.pdf and www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg/t1/
memoranda/clarisub.pdf.
8 To cross-reference the calculations in these two
tables, please see Tables 3, 4 and 5 in the TSD for
this proposal.
PO 00000
Frm 00018
Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
Tables 2 and 3 provide an accounting
of the emissions targets through 2017.
Table 2 shows the calculations and
reductions required for nine of the ten
counties (all but Wise County) to
achieve RFP and Table 3 provides the
calculations and reductions required for
Wise County to achieve RFP.8
E:\FR\FM\20SEP1.SGM
20SEP1
64375
Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 182 / Tuesday, September 20, 2016 / Proposed Rules
TABLE 2—CALCULATION OF NOX AND VOC REDUCTIONS FOR NINE COUNTIES (ALL BUT WISE COUNTY) THROUGH 2017
[tpd]
Description
NOX
a. 2011 Emissions Inventory ...................................................................................................................................
b. Non-creditable on-road reductions 2011–2017 ...................................................................................................
c. 2017 Adjusted Base Year EI (row a minus row b) .............................................................................................
d. Percent of NOX and VOC to meet 15% reduction ..............................................................................................
e. 15% NOX and VOC reduction, 2011–2017 [(row c) × (row d)] ..........................................................................
f. 2017 Target Level of Emission (row c minus row e) ...........................................................................................
VOC
414.52
2.87
411.65
10.0%
41.17
370.48
445.79
¥4.45
450.24
5.0%
22.51
427.73
TABLE 3—CALCULATION OF NOX AND VOC REDUCTIONS FOR WISE COUNTY THROUGH 2017
[tpd]
Description
NOX
a. 2011 Emissions Inventory ...................................................................................................................................
b. Non-creditable on-road reductions, 2011–2017 ..................................................................................................
c. 2017 Adjusted Base Year EI (row a minus row b) .............................................................................................
d. Percent of NOX and VOC to meet 15% reduction ..............................................................................................
e. 15% VOC reduction, through 2017 [(row d) × (row e)] .......................................................................................
f. 2017 Target Level of Emissions (row c minus row e) .........................................................................................
We find the calculations are
mathematically correct and approvable.
2. The Projected Emissions Inventories
and How the Required Emissions
Reductions Are Achieved
Section 182(b)(1)(A) of the CAA
requires that States provide sufficient
control measures in their RFP plans to
offset growth in emissions. To do this,
the State must estimate the amount of
growth that will occur between 2011
and the end of 2017. The State’s
approach is consistent with our
guidelines in estimating the growth in
emissions.9 The projections of growth
are labeled as the ‘‘Uncontrolled
Emissions’’ for 2017 under (b) in the
table below and are described in greater
detail in our TSD.10
Texas then estimated emission
reductions from State and federal
control measures in place in 2011 and
expected to continue through 2017. The
list of State and federal control
measures relied upon is provided in our
TSD and includes, but is not limited to,
on-road and non-road mobile source
emission reductions from engine and
fuel rules and fleet turnover.11 Texas
appropriately estimated the emission
VOC
34.49
0.21
34.28
N/A
N/A
34.28
34.07
¥0.08
34.15
15.0%
5.12
29.03
reductions from controls in place in
2011 and appropriately projected the
emission reductions out to 2017 (see
more details in the TSD) that are found
on line (c) in Table 4. Texas then
applied these current and future
estimated reductions to the appropriate
uncontrolled inventories. The results
are the projected emissions listed in line
‘‘d’’ in Tables 4 and 5 of this proposal.
The total amount of VOC and NOX
emissions in the controlled inventories
for 2017 must be equal to or less than
the corresponding RFP target
inventories to demonstrate RFP.
TABLE 4—SUMMARY OF RFP DEMONSTRATION FOR THE DFW AREA THROUGH 2017
[tpd]
Description
NOX
VOC
NOX
9 Counties
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with PROPOSALS
a. 2017 Target .................................................................................................
b. 2017 Uncontrolled Emissions ......................................................................
c. Projected Emission Reductions through 2017 ............................................
d. Projected Emissions after Reductions (b–c) ...............................................
2017 RFP Targets ...........................................................................................
RFP Met? .........................................................................................................
Surplus or (shortfall) ........................................................................................
370.48
1139.93
839.50
300.43
370.48
yes
70.05
As shown in Table 4, the projected
emissions in line ‘‘d’’ for NOX and VOC
for all counties in the DFW ten-county
NAA are less than the RFP targets and
therefore meet the RFP requirement
(target or milestone) for 2017. Therefore,
the EPA is proposing that the emissions
reductions projected for 2017 are
sufficient to meet the 2017 RFP targets.
9 Our EI guidance documents are posted at
https://www.epa.gov/air-emissions-inventories/
emissions-inventory-guidance-documents.
10 See also Tables 8 and 9 in the TSD for this
proposal.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
16:30 Sep 19, 2016
Jkt 238001
3. The RFP Contingency Measures
Section 172(c)(9) of the CAA requires
that an RFP plan for a Moderate
nonattainment area include contingency
measures, which are additional controls
PO 00000
Frm 00019
Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
VOC
Wise County
427.73
830.38
428.85
401.53
427.73
yes
26.20
34.28
49.33
20.29
29.04
34.28
yes
5.24
29.03
34.68
5.73
28.95
29.03
yes
0.08
to be implemented if the area fails to
make reasonable further progress, i.e.,
fails to reach the 2017 RFP target.
Contingency measures are intended to
achieve reductions over and beyond
those relied on in the RFP
demonstration to achieve the 2017
milestones and could include federal
11 See
E:\FR\FM\20SEP1.SGM
Tables 6 and 7 in the TSD for this proposal.
20SEP1
64376
Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 182 / Tuesday, September 20, 2016 / Proposed Rules
and State measures already scheduled
for implementation. The CAA does not
preclude a State from implementing
such measures before they are triggered.
Texas used federal and State measures
expected to be implemented to meet the
contingency measure requirement for
the RFP. These measures provide
reductions through 2018 that are in
excess of those needed to achieve the
2017 RFP milestones. Tables 5 and 6
provide an accounting of the emissions
targets through 2018. Table 5 shows the
calculations and reductions required to
meet the contingency requirement for
nine of the ten counties (all but Wise
County) and Table 6 provides the
calculations and reductions required for
Wise County to meet the contingency
requirement. Regarding the content of
the contingency measures, the 3 percent
emissions reductions for contingency
measures may be based entirely on NOX
controls if the area has completed the
initial 15 percent rate-of-progress VOC
reduction required by CAA section
182(b)(1)(A)(i) 12 and the State showed
that NOX substitution would be most
effective in bringing the area into
attainment. The State demonstrated that
the DFW rural and northwestern
monitors located on the periphery of the
DFW area have continued to measure
NOX-limited conditions, meaning that
ozone formation is more sensitive to the
amount of NOX present in the
atmosphere. The State also shows that
the DFW monitors in the urban core
measure more transitional conditions
(not strongly limited by either NOX or
VOC) and controlling either VOC or
NOX emissions in these regions would
reduce ozone concentrations.13 For the
RFP contingency measures, the State
chose a mix of NOX and VOC emission
reductions for all but Wise County and
chose just NOX emission reductions for
Wise County. The State chose to
separately account for contingency
measures for Wise County and to be
consistent, we have done the same.
TABLE 5—DEMONSTRATION OF 2018 CONTINGENCY MEASURES (TPD) FOR NINE COUNTIES
[All but Wise County]
Description
NOX
A. 2017 Adjusted Base Year EI ..............................................................................................................................
B. Percent of NOX and VOC to meet 3% contingency ...........................................................................................
C. Required reduction to provide contingency (A × B) ...........................................................................................
D. Reduction to meet RFP in 2017 (Table 2, line e) ..............................................................................................
E. 2018 on-road mobile non-creditable reductions .................................................................................................
F. 2018 Target Level of Emissions (line A–C–D–E) ...............................................................................................
VOC
411.65
2%
8.23
41.17
0.58
361.67
450.24
1%
4.50
22.51
0.23
423.00
1157.47
878.29
279.18
8.23
287.41
833.75
445.64
388.11
4.50
392.61
74.26
Yes
30.39
Yes
Excess reductions to meet contingency requirement
G. 2018 Uncontrolled Emissions .............................................................................................................................
H. Total Reductions Projected through 2018 ..........................................................................................................
J. Projected emissions after reductions (line G minus line H) ................................................................................
Add line C ................................................................................................................................................................
K. Projected emissions, accounting for contingency measures ..............................................................................
Total surplus or shortfall
Line K is less than line F. Subtract line K from line F for surplus ..........................................................................
Is the contingency measure requirement met? .......................................................................................................
TABLE 6—DEMONSTRATION OF 2018 CONTINGENCY MEASURES FOR WISE COUNTY
[tpd]
Description
VOC
NOX
A. 2017 Adjusted Base Year EI ..............................................................................................................................
B. Percent of NOX and VOC to meet 3% contingency ...........................................................................................
C. Required reduction to provide contingency (A × B) ...........................................................................................
D. Reduction to meet RFP in 2017 .........................................................................................................................
E. 2018 on-road mobile non-creditable reductions .................................................................................................
F. 2018 Target Level of Emissions (line A–C–D–E) ...............................................................................................
34.28
3%
1.03
0
0
33.25
34.15
........................
........................
5.12
0
29.03
46.24
20.95
25.29
1.03
26.32
29.71
5.97
23.74
0
23.74
6.93
Yes
5.29
........................
Excess reductions to meet contingency requirement
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with PROPOSALS
G. 2018 Uncontrolled Emissions .............................................................................................................................
H. Total Reductions Projected through 2018 ..........................................................................................................
J. Projected emissions after reductions (line G minus line H) ................................................................................
Add line C ................................................................................................................................................................
K. Projected emissions, accounting for contingency measures ..............................................................................
Total surplus or shortfall
Line K is less than line F. Subtract line K from line F for surplus ..........................................................................
Is the contingency measure requirement met? .......................................................................................................
12 See
80 FR 12264, 12285.
TCEQ established long ago that DFW area
ozone levels are sensitive to NOX emissions and we
13 The
VerDate Sep<11>2014
16:30 Sep 19, 2016
Jkt 238001
are aware of the transition in the urban core. See
Appendix D (the conceptual model) for the State’s
Attainment Demonstration for the DFW area under
PO 00000
Frm 00020
Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
the 2008 ozone standard, which is posted on the
TCEQ Web site at https://www.tceq.texas.gov/
airquality/sip/dfw/dfw-latest-ozone.
E:\FR\FM\20SEP1.SGM
20SEP1
Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 182 / Tuesday, September 20, 2016 / Proposed Rules
As shown in Tables 5 and 6, the NOX
and VOC emission reductions through
2018 are sufficient to provide at least 3
percent emission reductions and thus
we find that the contingency measures
requirement are met for RFP.
submitted to EPA on July 10, 2015 and
supplemented on April 22, 2016. We are
proposing to approve the revised base
year emission inventory, the RFP plan,
the 2017 MVEBs; and RFP contingency
measures.
4. The Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets
(MVEBs)
IV. Statutory and Executive Order
Reviews
Under the CAA, the Administrator is
required to approve a SIP submission
that complies with the provisions of the
Act and applicable Federal regulations.
42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a).
Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions, the
EPA’s role is to approve state choices,
provided that they meet the criteria of
the CAA. Accordingly, this action
merely proposes to approve state law as
meeting Federal requirements and does
not impose additional requirements
beyond those imposed by state law. For
that reason, this action:
• Is not a ‘‘significant regulatory
action’’ subject to review by the Office
of Management and Budget under
Executive Orders 12866 (58 FR 51735,
October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821,
January 21, 2011);
• Does not impose an information
collection burden under the provisions
of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44
U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
• Is certified as not having a
significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities
under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5
U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
• Does not contain any unfunded
mandate or significantly or uniquely
affect small governments, described in
the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of
1995 (Pub. L. 104–4);
• Does not have Federalism
implications as specified in Executive
Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10,
1999);
• Is not an economically significant
regulatory action based on health or
safety risks subject to Executive Order
13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997);
• Is not a significant regulatory action
subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR
28355, May 22, 2001);
• Is not subject to requirements of
section 12(d) of the National
Technology Transfer and Advancement
Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because
application of those requirements would
be inconsistent with the CAA; and
• Does not provide EPA with the
discretionary authority to address, as
appropriate, disproportionate human
health or environmental effects, using
practicable and legally permissible
methods, under Executive Order 12898
(59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
In addition, the SIP is not approved
to apply on any Indian reservation land
According to the transportation
conformity rule, an RFP plan must
establish MVEBs for transportation
conformity purposes. See 40 CFR
93.118(b)(1)(i). The MVEB is the
mechanism to ensure that future
transportation activities will not
produce new air quality violations,
worsen existing violations, delay
reaching RFP milestones, or delay
timely attainment of the NAAQS. A
MVEB establishes the maximum amount
of emissions allowed in the SIP for onroad motor vehicles.
As part of the July 10, 2015, SIP
revision submittal, the TCEQ included
VOC and NOX MVEBs for 2017; these
budgets are provided in Table 7. For the
budgets to be approvable, they must
meet, at a minimum, EPA’s adequacy
criteria (40 CFR 93.118(e)(4)). The
availability of these budgets was posted
on our Web site on August 25, 2015, for
the purpose of soliciting public
comments on their adequacy. The
comment period closed on September
24, 2015, and we received no comments.
On January 11, 2016, we published the
Notice of Adequacy Determination for
these MVEBs (81 FR 1184). As a result
of such adequacy determination, these
MVEBs must be used by state and
Federal agencies in determining
whether proposed transportation
projects conform to the SIP as required
by section 176(c) of the CAA. The
adequacy determination represents a
preliminary finding by EPA of the
acceptability of the MVEBs. Today we
are proposing that these MVEBs are
fully consistent with RFP, as it sets the
allowable on-road mobile emissions the
DFW area can produce and continue to
demonstrate RFP.
TABLE 7—RFP MOTOR VEHICLE
EMISSIONS BUDGETS FOR DFW (tpd)
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with PROPOSALS
Year
NOX
VOC
2017 ..................
148.36
77.18
III. Proposed Action
The EPA is proposing to approve
revisions to the Texas SIP to meet
certain requirements under section
182(b) of the CAA for the DFW
Moderate nonattainment area under the
2008 ozone standard that were
VerDate Sep<11>2014
16:30 Sep 19, 2016
Jkt 238001
PO 00000
Frm 00021
Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
64377
or in any other area where EPA or an
Indian tribe has demonstrated that a
tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of
Indian country, the proposed rule does
not have tribal implications and will not
impose substantial direct costs on tribal
governments or preempt tribal law as
specified by Executive Order 13175 (65
FR 67249, November 9, 2000).
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Intergovernmental relations,
Ozone, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Volatile organic
compounds.
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Dated: September 14, 2016.
Ron Curry,
Regional Administrator, Region 6.
[FR Doc. 2016–22564 Filed 9–19–16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA–R06–OAR–2012–0812; FRL–9951–36–
Region 6]
Approval and Promulgation of Air
Quality Implementation Plans;
Oklahoma; Infrastructure for the Lead,
Ozone, Nitrogen Dioxide and Sulfur
Dioxide National Ambient Air Quality
Standards
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
AGENCY:
Under the Federal Clean Air
Act (CAA or Act), the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to
approve State Implementation Plan
(SIP) submissions from the State of
Oklahoma regarding the 2008 Lead (Pb),
2008 Ozone, 2010 Nitrogen Dioxide
(NO2), and 2010 Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS or standards). The four
submittals address how the existing SIP
provides for implementation,
maintenance, and enforcement of these
four NAAQS (infrastructure SIP or iSIP). These i-SIPs ensure that the
Oklahoma SIP is adequate to meet the
State’s responsibilities under the Act,
including the CAA requirements for
interstate transport of Pb and NO2
emissions.
DATES: Written comments must be
received on or before October 20, 2016.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments,
identified by Docket No. EPA–R06–
OAR–2012–0812, at https://
SUMMARY:
E:\FR\FM\20SEP1.SGM
20SEP1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 182 (Tuesday, September 20, 2016)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 64372-64377]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2016-22564]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA-R06-OAR-2015-0495; FRL-9951-38-Region 6]
Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans;
Texas; Reasonable Further Progress Plan and Motor Vehicle Emissions
Budgets for the Dallas/Fort Worth 2008 Ozone Nonattainment Area
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to
approve revisions to the Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW) Texas Reasonable
Further Progress (RFP) State Implementation Plan (SIP) for the DFW
moderate nonattainment area for the 2008 ozone National Ambient Air
Quality Standard (NAAQS or standard). The SIP revision was submitted to
the EPA on July 10, 2015 and supplemented on April 22, 2016. We also
are proposing to approve revisions to the 2011 base year emissions
inventory for the DFW moderate nonattainment area for the 2008 ozone
NAAQS standard, the 2017 transportation conformity motor vehicle
emissions budgets, and the required contingency measures for failure to
meet RFP. This action is being taken under the Clean Air Act (CAA).
DATES: Written comments must be received on or before October 20, 2016.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket No. [EPA-R06-OAR-
2015-0495], at https://www.regulations.gov or via email to
jacques.wendy@epa.gov. Follow the online instructions for submitting
comments. Once submitted, comments cannot be edited or removed from
Regulations.gov. The EPA may publish any comment received to its public
docket. Do not submit electronically any information you consider to be
Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose
disclosure is restricted by statute. Multimedia submissions (audio,
video, etc.) must be accompanied by a written comment. The written
comment is considered the official comment and should include
discussion of all points you wish to make. The EPA will generally not
consider comments or comment contents located outside of the primary
submission (i.e. on the web, cloud, or other file sharing system). For
additional submission methods, please contact Ms. Wendy Jacques, (214)
665-7395, jacques.wendy@epa.gov. For the
[[Page 64373]]
full EPA public comment policy, information about CBI or multimedia
submissions, and general guidance on making effective comments, please
visit https://www2.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets.
Docket: The index to the docket for this action is available
electronically at www.regulations.gov and in hard copy at the EPA
Region 6, 1445 Ross Avenue, Suite 700, Dallas, Texas. While all
documents in the docket are listed in the index, some information may
be publicly available only at the hard copy location (e.g., copyrighted
material), and some may not be publicly available at either location
(e.g., CBI).
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. Wendy Jacques, (214) 665-7395,
jacques.wendy@epa.gov. To inspect the hard copy materials, please
schedule an appointment with Ms. Wendy Jacques or Mr. Bill Deese at
(214) 665-7253.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document, ``we,'' ``us,''
and ``our'' mean the EPA.
I. Background
The EPA is proposing to approve revisions to the Texas SIP,
submitted to EPA on July 10, 2015 and supplemented on April 22, 2016 to
meet certain requirements under section 182(b) of the CAA for the DFW
Moderate nonattainment area (NAA) under the 2008 ozone standard. We are
proposing to approve the DFW RFP SIP that includes the RFP plan,
contingency measures for failure to meet RFP milestone requirements,
and the 2017 transportation conformity motor vehicle emissions budgets
(MVEBs). We are also proposing to approve the 2011 base year emissions
inventory (EI).
On March 12, 2008, the EPA promulgated a revised 8-hour ozone
standard of 0.075 parts per million (ppm) \1\ and on April 30, 2012,
the EPA designated and classified the DFW area (consisting of Collin,
Dallas, Denton, Ellis, Johnson, Kaufman, Parker, Rockwall, Tarrant and
Wise counties) \2\ as a Moderate NAA under the 2008 ozone standard with
an attainment date of July 20, 2018.\3\ Accordingly, the Texas
Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) was required to submit
revisions to the DFW SIP to meet requirements under section 182(b) of
the CAA for the Moderate NAA. A brief history of the DFW area under the
prior 1-hour and 1997 8-hour ozone standards, as well as additional
background information, is provided in the Technical Support Document
(TSD), which is in the docket for this rulemaking.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ See 73 FR 16436, published March 27, 2008. In this action we
refer to the 2008 8-hour ozone standard as ``the 2008 ozone NAAQS''
or ``the 2008 ozone standard.''
\2\ See 77 FR 30088, published May 21, 2012. We refer to the DFW
nonattainment area for the 2008 ozone standard as ``the 10-county
NAA.''
\3\ See 80 FR 12264, published March 6, 2015.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
A. The Reasonable Further Progress (RFP) Plan
The CAA requires that areas designated as nonattainment for ozone
and classified as Moderate or worse demonstrate RFP in reducing
emissions of ozone precursors (nitrogen oxides or NOX and
volatile organic compounds or VOCs) \4\ over a specific period of time.
The RFP plan generally is designed to achieve progress toward meeting
the ozone NAAQS through annual reductions in emissions of
NOX and/or VOCs. In our final rule to implement the 2008
ozone standard (referred to as the SIP Requirements Rule or SRR) we
addressed, among other things, the RFP requirements as they apply to
areas designated nonattainment and classified as Moderate for the 2008
ozone standard. For the purposes of the 2008 ozone NAAQS, the EPA in
the SRR interpreted CAA section 182(b)(1)(A)(ii) to require such
Moderate areas to obtain 15 percent ozone precursor emission reductions
over the first 6 years after the baseline year for the 2008 ozone NAAQS
(see 80 FR 12264, March 6, 2015 and 40 CFR 51.1110).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\4\ For additional information on ozone, please see the TSD and
visit www.epa.gov/groundlevelozone.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
RFP plans must also include a MVEB, which provides the allowable
on-road mobile emissions an area can produce and continue to
demonstrate RFP. The State's RFP submittal included MVEBs for the DFW
area for the year 2017 (see Chapter 5 of the State's submittal and page
13 of our TSD). The MVEBs are discussed in detail later in this
rulemaking.
Pursuant to section 172(c)(9) of the CAA, nonattainment plan
provisions must also provide for the implementation of contingency
measures, that is, specific measures to be undertaken if a
nonattainment area fails to make reasonable further progress, or to
attain the national primary ambient air quality standard by the
applicable attainment date. Such contingency measures shall take effect
without further action by the State or EPA, which include additional
controls that would be implemented if the area fails to reach, in this
case, its RFP milestones. While the CAA does not specify the type of
measures or quantity of emissions reductions required, EPA has
interpreted the CAA to mean that implementation of these contingency
measures would provide additional emissions reductions of up to 3% of
the adjusted base year inventory (or a lesser percentage that will make
up the identified shortfall) in the year following the RFP milestone
year. For more information on contingency measures, see the April 16,
1992 General Preamble (57 FR 13498, 13510) and the SRR (80 FR 12264,
12285). The State provided emissions reductions in excess of those
needed for RFP as contingency measures (see Chapter 4, pages 15-17 of
the State's submittal and Tables 6 and 7 in our TSD). The submitted
contingency measures include, but are not limited to, (1) mobile source
emission reductions addressing engine and fuel rules; and (2) fleet
turnover.
In addition, section 182(a)(1) of the CAA requires an inventory of
actual emissions from all sources of relevant pollutants in the
nonattainment area. Such emissions inventories are used, among other
things, in the calculations concerning RFP in such areas. In the SRR,
the EPA recommended using 2011 as the base year emission inventory.
Texas submitted a revised 2011 base year inventory for area and mobile
source emissions in the ten-county NAA to meet this requirement.
II. The EPA's Evaluation
The SIP revision submitted by the TCEQ on July 10, 2015 and
supplemented on April 22, 2016 includes: (1) A revised 2011 base year
EI for area and mobile sources; (2) the RFP plan (which must
demonstrate NOX and/or VOC emissions reductions of at least
fifteen percent through 2017 for nine of the ten counties and VOC-only
emissions reductions for Wise County); (3) contingency measures to be
implemented in 2018 if the 2017 RFP target is not met; and (4) the
MVEBs for 2017.\5\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\5\ A technical supplement to the RFP submittal was provided by
the TCEQ on April 22, 2016, showing how Wise County meets the 15%
emission reduction requirement described elsewhere in this proposal.
The data provided in the technical supplement was included in the
July 10, 2015 SIP submittal, but was not used in the State's
calculations because the TCEQ calculated the 15% emission reduction
using all 10 counties and did not realize the requirement for Wise
County to meet a 15% emission reduction by itself. For more detail,
see our TSD and the TCEQ's April 22, 2016 technical supplement in
the docket for this rulemaking.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
We reviewed the submittal for consistency with the requirements of
the CAA, EPA regulations, and EPA guidance. A summary of our analysis
and findings are provided below. For a more detailed discussion of our
evaluation, please see our TSD.
[[Page 64374]]
A. The DFW Base Year Emissions Inventory
An emissions inventory is a comprehensive, accurate, and current
inventory of actual emission from all sources. It is required by
sections 172(c)(3) and 182(b)(1) of the CAA that require that
nonattainment plan provisions include an inventory of NOX
and VOC emissions from all sources in the nonattainment area. The EPA
previously approved the 2011 base year inventory (see 80 FR 9204,
February 20, 2015). Since that submittal, several improvements have
been made, including, but not limited to, improvements to the models
used to calculate the mobile source categories within the inventory.
Because of these refinements, revisions to more accurately reflect the
EI were made by the TCEQ. We have determined that the revised inventory
was developed in accordance with EPA guidance and regulations \6\ and
therefore, we propose to approve the revised 2011 base year EI. For
reference, the previously approved base year EI (80 FR 9204) is
provided in Table 1, reported in tons per day (tpd), along with the
revised 2011 base year EI, also reported in tpd. Details on how each of
the emissions categories was revised and emissions totals for each
county are included in the TSD.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\6\ Under sections 172(c)(3) and 182(a)(1) of the CAA, states
are required to submit EI information for all relevant sources for
areas that are designated nonattainment for any of the NAAQS. See
also https://www.epa.gov/air-emissions-inventories for more
information on air emission inventories, including regulations and
EPA guidance.
Table 1--Previously Approved (80 FR 9204) and Revised RFP Base Year EIs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOX VOC
---------------------------------------------------------------
Source type Approved at 80 Submitted Approved at 80 Submitted
FR 9204 revisions * FR 9204 revisions *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2011 Base Year Inventory for the DFW Ten-County Nonattainment Area (tpd)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point........................................... 39.95 39.95 29.80 29.80
Area............................................ 42.64 50.98 292.49 291.31
Non-road Mobile................................. 120.61 116.95 55.00 54.63
On-road Mobile.................................. 238.87 241.13 98.36 104.12
---------------------------------------------------------------
Total....................................... 442.07 449.01 475.65 479.86
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Submitted to EPA by the TCEQ on July 10, 2015.
B. The DFW RFP SIP Revision
1. The Adjusted Base Year Inventory and RFP Target Levels for 2017 and
2018
The 2011 base year EI is the starting point for calculating RFP.
The ``adjusted'' emissions are what we would expect to see if the on-
road fleet did not implement the low Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) gasoline
and pre-1990 automobile emission controls. Such controls are not
creditable under section 182(b)(1)(D) of the CAA, but are no longer
required to be calculated for exclusion in RFP analyses because the
Administrator determined that due to the passage of time the effect of
these exclusions would be de minimis (40 CFR 51.1110). The State has
chosen these non-creditable reductions to represent a more accurate
accounting, which is acceptable. The result, after subtracting the non-
creditable reductions, is known as the adjusted base year inventory.
The RFP target levels and emissions reductions required to meet those
targets are calculated from the adjusted base year inventory.
To achieve the RFP target levels, section 182(c)(2)(B) of the CAA
allows for substitution of NOX emission reductions for VOC
emission reductions in certain circumstances. See 80 FR 12264, 12271
and 40 CFR 51.1110.\7\ For example, the DFW ten-county NAA includes
nine counties that have already met the 15 percent emission reduction
requirement for VOC under the 1-hour ozone NAAQS (Collin, Dallas,
Denton and Tarrant, see 70 FR 18993) and under the 1997 ozone NAAQS
(Ellis, Johnson, Kaufman, Parker and Rockwall, see 73 FR 58475).
Therefore, these nine counties may rely upon NOX and VOC
emissions reductions to achieve the RFP target levels. Wise County
however, must meet the 15 percent VOC emission reduction requirement
because this is its first time to be covered under the ozone
nonattainment SIP requirements. This also means that these VOC emission
reductions are calculated separately from the other nine counties (see
the TSD for a more detailed explanation). The RFP submittal provides
emission reductions of NOX and VOC whose combined total is
15 percent for nine of the ten counties (all but Wise County). As
explained in more detail in the State's April 22, 2016 ``Technical
Supplement to the 2008 Ozone DFW RFP SIP Revision,'' the TCEQ provided
a technical supplement to EPA to correct the 2017 RFP demonstration for
Wise County as well as a corrected RFP spreadsheet that removed the
transfer of VOC reductions to Wise County and credits emissions
reductions from drilling rig controls that were available but not
credited in its July 10, 2015 submittal. The technical supplement shows
that Wise County meets the 15% VOC-only reduction requirement from the
2011 base year through the 2017 attainment year based solely on
reductions from within Wise County. All the data used to meet this
requirement within Wise County was included in the original submitted
SIP RFP revision but was not used in the RFP calculations because TCEQ
did not think it was needed at that time.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\7\ See also our December 1993 NOX Substitution
Guidance at www.epa.gov/ttn/caaa/t1/memoranda/noxsubst.pdf and
www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg/t1/memoranda/clarisub.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tables 2 and 3 provide an accounting of the emissions targets
through 2017. Table 2 shows the calculations and reductions required
for nine of the ten counties (all but Wise County) to achieve RFP and
Table 3 provides the calculations and reductions required for Wise
County to achieve RFP.\8\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\8\ To cross-reference the calculations in these two tables,
please see Tables 3, 4 and 5 in the TSD for this proposal.
[[Page 64375]]
Table 2--Calculation of NOX and VOC Reductions for Nine Counties (All
but Wise County) Through 2017
[tpd]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Description NOX VOC
------------------------------------------------------------------------
a. 2011 Emissions Inventory............. 414.52 445.79
b. Non-creditable on-road reductions 2.87 -4.45
2011-2017..............................
c. 2017 Adjusted Base Year EI (row a 411.65 450.24
minus row b)...........................
d. Percent of NOX and VOC to meet 15% 10.0% 5.0%
reduction..............................
e. 15% NOX and VOC reduction, 2011-2017 41.17 22.51
[(row c) x (row d)]....................
f. 2017 Target Level of Emission (row c 370.48 427.73
minus row e)...........................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3--Calculation of NOX and VOC Reductions for Wise County Through
2017
[tpd]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Description NOX VOC
------------------------------------------------------------------------
a. 2011 Emissions Inventory............. 34.49 34.07
b. Non-creditable on-road reductions, 0.21 -0.08
2011-2017..............................
c. 2017 Adjusted Base Year EI (row a 34.28 34.15
minus row b)...........................
d. Percent of NOX and VOC to meet 15% N/A 15.0%
reduction..............................
e. 15% VOC reduction, through 2017 [(row N/A 5.12
d) x (row e)]..........................
f. 2017 Target Level of Emissions (row c 34.28 29.03
minus row e)...........................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
We find the calculations are mathematically correct and approvable.
2. The Projected Emissions Inventories and How the Required Emissions
Reductions Are Achieved
Section 182(b)(1)(A) of the CAA requires that States provide
sufficient control measures in their RFP plans to offset growth in
emissions. To do this, the State must estimate the amount of growth
that will occur between 2011 and the end of 2017. The State's approach
is consistent with our guidelines in estimating the growth in
emissions.\9\ The projections of growth are labeled as the
``Uncontrolled Emissions'' for 2017 under (b) in the table below and
are described in greater detail in our TSD.\10\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\9\ Our EI guidance documents are posted at https://www.epa.gov/air-emissions-inventories/emissions-inventory-guidance-documents.
\10\ See also Tables 8 and 9 in the TSD for this proposal.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Texas then estimated emission reductions from State and federal
control measures in place in 2011 and expected to continue through
2017. The list of State and federal control measures relied upon is
provided in our TSD and includes, but is not limited to, on-road and
non-road mobile source emission reductions from engine and fuel rules
and fleet turnover.\11\ Texas appropriately estimated the emission
reductions from controls in place in 2011 and appropriately projected
the emission reductions out to 2017 (see more details in the TSD) that
are found on line (c) in Table 4. Texas then applied these current and
future estimated reductions to the appropriate uncontrolled
inventories. The results are the projected emissions listed in line
``d'' in Tables 4 and 5 of this proposal. The total amount of VOC and
NOX emissions in the controlled inventories for 2017 must be
equal to or less than the corresponding RFP target inventories to
demonstrate RFP.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\11\ See Tables 6 and 7 in the TSD for this proposal.
Table 4--Summary of RFP Demonstration for the DFW Area Through 2017
[tpd]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Description NOX VOC NOX VOC
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9 Counties
Wise County
---------------------------------------------------------------
a. 2017 Target.................................. 370.48 427.73 34.28 29.03
b. 2017 Uncontrolled Emissions.................. 1139.93 830.38 49.33 34.68
c. Projected Emission Reductions through 2017... 839.50 428.85 20.29 5.73
d. Projected Emissions after Reductions (b-c)... 300.43 401.53 29.04 28.95
2017 RFP Targets................................ 370.48 427.73 34.28 29.03
RFP Met?........................................ yes yes yes yes
Surplus or (shortfall).......................... 70.05 26.20 5.24 0.08
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As shown in Table 4, the projected emissions in line ``d'' for
NOX and VOC for all counties in the DFW ten-county NAA are
less than the RFP targets and therefore meet the RFP requirement
(target or milestone) for 2017. Therefore, the EPA is proposing that
the emissions reductions projected for 2017 are sufficient to meet the
2017 RFP targets.
3. The RFP Contingency Measures
Section 172(c)(9) of the CAA requires that an RFP plan for a
Moderate nonattainment area include contingency measures, which are
additional controls to be implemented if the area fails to make
reasonable further progress, i.e., fails to reach the 2017 RFP target.
Contingency measures are intended to achieve reductions over and beyond
those relied on in the RFP demonstration to achieve the 2017 milestones
and could include federal
[[Page 64376]]
and State measures already scheduled for implementation. The CAA does
not preclude a State from implementing such measures before they are
triggered. Texas used federal and State measures expected to be
implemented to meet the contingency measure requirement for the RFP.
These measures provide reductions through 2018 that are in excess of
those needed to achieve the 2017 RFP milestones. Tables 5 and 6 provide
an accounting of the emissions targets through 2018. Table 5 shows the
calculations and reductions required to meet the contingency
requirement for nine of the ten counties (all but Wise County) and
Table 6 provides the calculations and reductions required for Wise
County to meet the contingency requirement. Regarding the content of
the contingency measures, the 3 percent emissions reductions for
contingency measures may be based entirely on NOX controls
if the area has completed the initial 15 percent rate-of-progress VOC
reduction required by CAA section 182(b)(1)(A)(i) \12\ and the State
showed that NOX substitution would be most effective in
bringing the area into attainment. The State demonstrated that the DFW
rural and northwestern monitors located on the periphery of the DFW
area have continued to measure NOX-limited conditions,
meaning that ozone formation is more sensitive to the amount of
NOX present in the atmosphere. The State also shows that the
DFW monitors in the urban core measure more transitional conditions
(not strongly limited by either NOX or VOC) and controlling
either VOC or NOX emissions in these regions would reduce
ozone concentrations.\13\ For the RFP contingency measures, the State
chose a mix of NOX and VOC emission reductions for all but
Wise County and chose just NOX emission reductions for Wise
County. The State chose to separately account for contingency measures
for Wise County and to be consistent, we have done the same.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\12\ See 80 FR 12264, 12285.
\13\ The TCEQ established long ago that DFW area ozone levels
are sensitive to NOX emissions and we are aware of the
transition in the urban core. See Appendix D (the conceptual model)
for the State's Attainment Demonstration for the DFW area under the
2008 ozone standard, which is posted on the TCEQ Web site at https://www.tceq.texas.gov/airquality/sip/dfw/dfw-latest-ozone.
Table 5--Demonstration of 2018 Contingency Measures (tpd) for Nine
Counties
[All but Wise County]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Description NOX VOC
------------------------------------------------------------------------
A. 2017 Adjusted Base Year EI........... 411.65 450.24
B. Percent of NOX and VOC to meet 3% 2% 1%
contingency............................
C. Required reduction to provide 8.23 4.50
contingency (A x B)....................
D. Reduction to meet RFP in 2017 (Table 41.17 22.51
2, line e).............................
E. 2018 on-road mobile non-creditable 0.58 0.23
reductions.............................
F. 2018 Target Level of Emissions (line 361.67 423.00
A-C-D-E)...............................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Excess reductions to meet contingency requirement
------------------------------------------------------------------------
G. 2018 Uncontrolled Emissions.......... 1157.47 833.75
H. Total Reductions Projected through 878.29 445.64
2018...................................
J. Projected emissions after reductions 279.18 388.11
(line G minus line H)..................
Add line C.............................. 8.23 4.50
K. Projected emissions, accounting for 287.41 392.61
contingency measures...................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total surplus or shortfall
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Line K is less than line F. Subtract 74.26 30.39
line K from line F for surplus.........
Is the contingency measure requirement Yes Yes
met?...................................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 6--Demonstration of 2018 Contingency Measures for Wise County
[tpd]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Description NOX VOC
------------------------------------------------------------------------
A. 2017 Adjusted Base Year EI........... 34.28 34.15
B. Percent of NOX and VOC to meet 3% 3% ..............
contingency............................
C. Required reduction to provide 1.03 ..............
contingency (A x B)....................
D. Reduction to meet RFP in 2017........ 0 5.12
E. 2018 on-road mobile non-creditable 0 0
reductions.............................
F. 2018 Target Level of Emissions (line 33.25 29.03
A-C-D-E)...............................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Excess reductions to meet contingency requirement
------------------------------------------------------------------------
G. 2018 Uncontrolled Emissions.......... 46.24 29.71
H. Total Reductions Projected through 20.95 5.97
2018...................................
J. Projected emissions after reductions 25.29 23.74
(line G minus line H)..................
Add line C.............................. 1.03 0
K. Projected emissions, accounting for 26.32 23.74
contingency measures...................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total surplus or shortfall
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Line K is less than line F. Subtract 6.93 5.29
line K from line F for surplus.........
Is the contingency measure requirement Yes ..............
met?...................................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 64377]]
As shown in Tables 5 and 6, the NOX and VOC emission
reductions through 2018 are sufficient to provide at least 3 percent
emission reductions and thus we find that the contingency measures
requirement are met for RFP.
4. The Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets (MVEBs)
According to the transportation conformity rule, an RFP plan must
establish MVEBs for transportation conformity purposes. See 40 CFR
93.118(b)(1)(i). The MVEB is the mechanism to ensure that future
transportation activities will not produce new air quality violations,
worsen existing violations, delay reaching RFP milestones, or delay
timely attainment of the NAAQS. A MVEB establishes the maximum amount
of emissions allowed in the SIP for on-road motor vehicles.
As part of the July 10, 2015, SIP revision submittal, the TCEQ
included VOC and NOX MVEBs for 2017; these budgets are
provided in Table 7. For the budgets to be approvable, they must meet,
at a minimum, EPA's adequacy criteria (40 CFR 93.118(e)(4)). The
availability of these budgets was posted on our Web site on August 25,
2015, for the purpose of soliciting public comments on their adequacy.
The comment period closed on September 24, 2015, and we received no
comments. On January 11, 2016, we published the Notice of Adequacy
Determination for these MVEBs (81 FR 1184). As a result of such
adequacy determination, these MVEBs must be used by state and Federal
agencies in determining whether proposed transportation projects
conform to the SIP as required by section 176(c) of the CAA. The
adequacy determination represents a preliminary finding by EPA of the
acceptability of the MVEBs. Today we are proposing that these MVEBs are
fully consistent with RFP, as it sets the allowable on-road mobile
emissions the DFW area can produce and continue to demonstrate RFP.
Table 7--RFP Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets for DFW (tpd)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year NOX VOC
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2017........................................ 148.36 77.18
------------------------------------------------------------------------
III. Proposed Action
The EPA is proposing to approve revisions to the Texas SIP to meet
certain requirements under section 182(b) of the CAA for the DFW
Moderate nonattainment area under the 2008 ozone standard that were
submitted to EPA on July 10, 2015 and supplemented on April 22, 2016.
We are proposing to approve the revised base year emission inventory,
the RFP plan, the 2017 MVEBs; and RFP contingency measures.
IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP
submission that complies with the provisions of the Act and applicable
Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in
reviewing SIP submissions, the EPA's role is to approve state choices,
provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. Accordingly, this
action merely proposes to approve state law as meeting Federal
requirements and does not impose additional requirements beyond those
imposed by state law. For that reason, this action:
Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' subject to
review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Orders
12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821, January 21,
2011);
Does not impose an information collection burden under the
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
Is certified as not having a significant economic impact
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or
uniquely affect small governments, described in the Unfunded Mandates
Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
Does not have Federalism implications as specified in
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
Is not an economically significant regulatory action based
on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR
19885, April 23, 1997);
Is not a significant regulatory action subject to
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001);
Is not subject to requirements of section 12(d) of the
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent
with the CAA; and
Does not provide EPA with the discretionary authority to
address, as appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental
effects, using practicable and legally permissible methods, under
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
In addition, the SIP is not approved to apply on any Indian
reservation land or in any other area where EPA or an Indian tribe has
demonstrated that a tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of Indian
country, the proposed rule does not have tribal implications and will
not impose substantial direct costs on tribal governments or preempt
tribal law as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November
9, 2000).
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Intergovernmental relations, Ozone, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements, Volatile organic compounds.
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Dated: September 14, 2016.
Ron Curry,
Regional Administrator, Region 6.
[FR Doc. 2016-22564 Filed 9-19-16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P