Air Plan Approval; Tennessee; Revision and Removal of Stage I and II Gasoline Vapor Recovery Program, 34940-34944 [2016-12805]
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34940
Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 105 / Wednesday, June 1, 2016 / Proposed Rules
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proposing to exclude from use in
determining that Lamar continues to
attain the PM10 NAAQS, exceedances of
the PM10 NAAQS that were recorded at
the Lamar Power Plant PM10 monitor on
February 9, 2002; March 7, 2002; May
21, 2002; June 20, 2002; April 5, 2002;
May 22, 2008; Jan 19, 2009; April 3,
2011; and November 5, 2011 because
the exceedances meet the criteria for
exceptional events caused by high wind
natural events. Additionally, the EPA is
proposing to exclude from use in
determining that Lamar continues to
attain the PM10 NAAQS, exceedances of
the PM10 NAAQS that were recorded at
the Municipal Complex PM10 monitor
on May 21, 2002; June 20, 2002; April
5, 2005; January 19, 2009; February 8,
2013; March 18, 2012; April 2, 2012;
April 9, 2013; May 1, 2013; May 24,
2013; May 25, 2013; May 28, 2013;
December 24, 2013; February 16, 2014;
March 11, 2014; March 15, 2014; March
18, 2014; March 29, 2014; March 30,
2014; March 31, 2014; April 23, 2014;
April 29, 2014; November 10, 2014;
April 1, 2015; and April 2, 2015 because
the exceedances meet the criteria for
exceptional events caused by high wind
natural events. We are also proposing to
approve the revised maintenance plan’s
2025 transportation conformity MVEB
for PM10 of 764 lbs/day.
VI. Statutory and Executive Orders
Review
Under the CAA, the Administrator is
required to approve a SIP submission
that complies with the provisions of the
Act and applicable federal regulations
(42 U.S.C. 7410(k), 40 CFR 52.02(a)).
Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions, the
EPA’s role is to approve state choices,
provided that they meet the criteria of
the CAA. This proposed action merely
proposes to approve state law as
meeting federal requirements and does
not propose to impose additional
requirements beyond those imposed by
state law. For that reason, this proposed
action:
• Is not a ‘‘significant regulatory
action’’ subject to review by the Office
of Management and Budget under
Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735,
October 4, 1993);
• does not impose an information
collection burden under the provisions
of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44
U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
• is certified as not having a
significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities
under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5
U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
• does not contain any unfunded
mandate or significantly or uniquely
affect small governments, as described
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in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
of 1995 (Public Law 104–4);
• does not have federalism
implications as specified in Executive
Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10,
1999);
• is not an economically significant
regulatory action based on health or
safety risks subject to Executive Order
13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997);
• is not a significant regulatory action
subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR
28355, May 22, 2001);
• is not subject to requirements of
Section 12(d) of the National
Technology Transfer and Advancement
Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because
application of those requirements would
be inconsistent with the CAA; and,
• does not provide the EPA with the
discretionary authority to address, as
appropriate, disproportionate human
health or environmental effects, using
practicable and legally permissible
methods, under Executive Order 12898
(59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
The SIP is not approved to apply on
any Indian reservation land or in any
other area where the EPA or an Indian
tribe has demonstrated that a tribe has
jurisdiction. In those areas of Indian
Country, the rule does not have tribal
implications and will not impose s
ubstantial direct costs on tribal
governments or preempt tribal law as
specified by Executive Order 13175 (65
FR 67249, November 9, 2000).
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Intergovernmental relations,
Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Particulate
matter, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Volatile Organic
Compounds.
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Dated: May 19, 2016.
Shaun L. McGrath,
Regional Administrator, Region 8.
[FR Doc. 2016–12804 Filed 5–31–16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA–R04–OAR–2016–0011; FRL–9947–18–
Region 4]
Air Plan Approval; Tennessee;
Revision and Removal of Stage I and
II Gasoline Vapor Recovery Program
Environmental Protection
Agency.
ACTION: Proposed rule.
AGENCY:
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The Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) is proposing to approve
changes to the State Implementation
Plan (SIP) submitted by the State of
Tennessee through the Tennessee
Department of Environment and
Conservation (TDEC) on February 8,
2016, for parallel processing. This draft
SIP revision seeks to lower applicability
thresholds for certain sources subject to
Federal Stage I requirements, remove
the Stage II vapor control requirements,
and add requirements for
decommissioning gasoline dispensing
facilities, as well as requirements for
new and upgraded gasoline dispensing
facilities in the Nashville, Tennessee
Area (hereinafter also known as the
‘‘Middle Tennessee Area’’). EPA has
preliminarily determined that
Tennessee’s February 8, 2016, draft SIP
revision is approvable because it is
consistent with the Clean Air Act (CAA
or Act).
DATES: Written comments must be
received on or before July 1, 2016.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments,
identified by Docket ID No. EPA–R04–
OAR–2016–0011 at https://
www.regulations.gov. Follow the online
instructions for submitting comments.
Once submitted, comments cannot be
edited or removed from Regulations.gov.
EPA may publish any comment received
to its public docket. Do not submit
electronically any information you
consider to be Confidential Business
Information (CBI) or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute.
Multimedia submissions (audio, video,
etc.) must be accompanied by a written
comment. The written comment is
considered the official comment and
should include discussion of all points
you wish to make. EPA will generally
not consider comments or comment
contents located outside of the primary
submission (i.e. on the web, cloud, or
other file sharing system). For
additional submission methods, the full
EPA public comment policy,
information about CBI or multimedia
submissions, and general guidance on
making effective comments, please visit
https://www2.epa.gov/dockets/
commenting-epa-dockets.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Kelly Sheckler, Air Regulatory
Management Section, Air Planning and
Implementation Branch, Air, Pesticides
and Toxics Management Division, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency,
Region 4, 61 Forsyth Street SW.,
Atlanta, Georgia 30303–8960. Ms.
Sheckler’s phone number is (404) 562–
9222. She can also be reached via
electronic mail at sheckler.kelly@
epa.gov.
SUMMARY:
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SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
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I. What is parallel processing?
Consistent with EPA regulations
found at 40 CFR part 51, Appendix V,
section 2.3.1, for purposes of expediting
review of a SIP submittal, parallel
processing allows a state to submit a
plan to EPA prior to actual adoption by
the state. Generally, the state submits a
copy of the proposed regulation or other
revisions to EPA before conducting its
public hearing. EPA reviews this
proposed state action and prepares a
notice of proposed rulemaking. EPA’s
notice of proposed rulemaking is
published in the Federal Register
during the same time frame that the
state is holding its public process. The
state and EPA then provide for
concurrent public comment periods on
both the state action and federal action.
If the revision that is finally adopted
and submitted by the state is changed in
aspects other than those identified in
the proposed rulemaking on the parallel
process submission, EPA will evaluate
those changes and if necessary and
appropriate, issue another notice of
proposed rulemaking. The final
rulemaking action by EPA will occur
only after the SIP revision has been
adopted by the state and submitted
formally to EPA for incorporation into
the SIP.
On February 8, 2016, the State of
Tennessee, through TDEC, submitted a
formal letter request for parallel
processing of a draft SIP revision that
the State was already taking through
public comment. TDEC requested
parallel processing so that EPA could
begin to take action on its draft SIP
revision in advance of the State’s
submission of the final SIP revision. As
stated above, the final rulemaking action
by EPA will occur only after the SIP
revision has been: (1) Adopted by
Tennessee; (2) submitted formally to
EPA for incorporation into the SIP; and
(3) evaluated by EPA, including any
changes made by the State after the
February 8, 2016, draft was submitted to
EPA.
II. Background for Federal Stage I and
II Requirements
Stage I vapor recovery is a type of
emission control system that captures
gasoline vapors that are released when
gasoline is delivered to a storage tank.
The vapors are returned to the tank
truck as the storage tank is being filled
with fuel, rather than released to the
ambient air. Stage II and onboard
refueling vapor recovery (ORVR) are two
types of emission control systems that
capture fuel vapors from vehicle gas
tanks during refueling. Stage II systems
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are specifically installed at gasoline
dispensing facilities and capture the
refueling fuel vapors at the gasoline
pump nozzle. The system carries the
vapors back to the underground storage
tank at the gasoline dispensing facility
to prevent the vapors from escaping to
the atmosphere. ORVR systems are
carbon canisters installed directly on
automobiles to capture the fuel vapors
evacuated from the gasoline tank before
they reach the nozzle. The fuel vapors
captured in the carbon canisters are
then combusted in the engine when the
automobile is in operation.
Under section 182(b)(3) of the CAA,
each state was required to submit a SIP
revision to implement Stage II for all
ozone nonattainment areas classified as
moderate, serious, severe, or extreme,
primarily for the control of volatile
organic compounds (VOC)—a precursor
to ozone formation.1 However, section
202(a)(6) of the CAA states that the
section 182(b)(3) Stage II requirements
for moderate ozone nonattainment areas
shall not apply after the promulgation of
ORVR standards.2 ORVR standards were
promulgated by EPA on April 6, 1994.
See 59 FR 16262 and 40 CFR parts 86,
88 and 600. As a result, the CAA no
1 Section 182(b)(3) states that each State in which
all or part of an ozone nonattainment area classified
as moderate or above shall, with respect to that
area, submit a SIP revision requiring owners or
operators of gasoline dispensing systems to install
and operate vapor recovery equipment at their
facilities. Specifically, the CAA specifies that the
Stage II requirements must apply to any facility that
dispenses more than 10,000 gallons of gasoline per
month or, in the case of an independent small
business marketer (ISBM), as defined in section 324
of the CAA, any facility that dispenses more than
50,000 gallons of gasoline per month. Additionally,
the CAA specifies the deadlines by which certain
facilities must comply with the Stage II
requirements. For facilities that are not owned or
operated by an ISBM, these deadlines, calculated
from the time of State adoption of the Stage II
requirements, are: (1) 6 months for facilities for
which construction began after November 15, 1990,
(2) 1 year for facilities that dispense greater than
100,000 gallons of gasoline per month, and (3) by
November 15, 1994, for all other facilities. For
ISBMs, section 324(a) of the CAA provides the
following three-year phase-in period: (1) 33 percent
of the facilities owned by an ISBM by the end of
the first year after the regulations take effect; (2) 66
percent of such facilities by the end of the second
year; and (3) 100 percent of such facilities after the
third year.
2 ORVR is a system employed on gasolinepowered highway motor vehicles to capture
gasoline vapors displaced from a vehicle fuel tank
during refueling events. These systems are required
under section 202(a)(6) of the CAA and
implementation of these requirements began in the
1998 model year. Currently they are used on all
gasoline-powered passenger cars, light trucks and
complete heavy trucks of less than 14,000 pounds
GVWR. ORVR systems typically employ a liquid
file neck seal to block vapor escape to the
atmosphere and otherwise share many components
with the vehicles’ evaporative emission control
system including the onboard diagnostic system
sensors.
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longer requires moderate areas to
impose Stage II controls under section
182(b)(3), and such areas were able to
submit SIP revisions, in compliance
with section 110(l) of the CAA, to
remove Stage II requirements from their
SIPs. EPA’s policy memoranda related
to ORVR, dated March 9, 1993, and June
23, 1993, provide further guidance on
removing Stage II requirements from
certain areas. The policy memorandum
dated March 9, 1993, states that ‘‘[w]hen
onboard rules are promulgated, a State
may withdraw its Stage II rules for
moderate areas from the SIP (or from
consideration as a SIP revision)
consistent with its obligations under
sections 182(b)(3) and 202(a)(6), so long
as withdrawal will not interfere with
any other applicable requirement of the
Act.’’ 3
CAA section 202(a)(6) also provides
discretionary authority to the EPA
Administrator to, by rule, revise or
waive the section 182(b)(3) Stage II
requirement for serious, severe, and
extreme ozone nonattainment areas after
the Administrator determines that
ORVR is in widespread use throughout
the motor vehicle fleet. On May 16,
2012, in a rulemaking entitled ‘‘Air
Quality: Widespread Use for Onboard
Refueling Vapor Recovery and Stage II
Waiver,’’ EPA determined that ORVR
technology is in widespread use
throughout the motor vehicle fleet for
purposes of controlling motor vehicle
refueling emissions. See 77 FR 28772.
By that action, EPA waived the
requirement for states to implement
Stage II gasoline vapor recovery systems
at gasoline dispensing facilities in
nonattainment areas classified as
serious and above for the ozone
NAAQS. Effective May 16, 2012, states
implementing mandatory Stage II
programs under section 182(b)(3) of the
CAA were allowed to submit SIP
revisions to remove this program. See 40
CFR 51.126(b).4 On April 7, 2012, EPA
released the guidance entitled
‘‘Guidance on Removing Stage II
Gasoline Vapor Control Programs from
3 Memorandum from John S. Seitz, Director,
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, to
EPA Regional Air Directors, Impact of the Recent
Onboard Decision on Stage II Requirements in
Moderate Areas (March 9, 1993), available at: https://
www.epa.gov/ttn/naaqs/aqmguide/collection/cp2/
19930309_seitz_onboard_impact_stage2_.pdf.
4 As noted above, EPA found, pursuant to CAA
section 202(a)(6), that ORVR systems are in
widespread use in the motor vehicle fleet and
waived the CAA section 182(b)(3) Stage II vapor
recovery requirement for serious and higher ozone
nonattainment areas on May 16, 2012. Thus, in its
implementation rule for the 2008 ozone NAAQS,
EPA removed the section 182(b)(3) Stage II
requirement from the list of applicable
requirements in 40 CFR 51.1100(o). See 80 FR
12264 for additional information.
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Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 105 / Wednesday, June 1, 2016 / Proposed Rules
State Implementation Plans and
Assessing Comparable Measures’’ for
states to consider in preparing their SIP
revisions to remove existing Stage II
programs from state implementation
plans.5
III. Tennessee’s Stage I and II Vapor
Recovery Requirements for the Middle
Tennessee Area
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On November 6, 1991, EPA
designated and classified the Nashville
Area (Davidson, Rutherford, Sumner,
Williamson and Wilson counties) as a
moderate ozone nonattainment area for
the 1-hour ozone NAAQS. See 56 FR
56694, 56829. As mentioned above, the
‘‘moderate’’ classification triggered
various statutory requirements for this
Area, including the requirement
pursuant to section 182(b)(3) of the CAA
for the Area to require all owners and
operators of gasoline dispensing systems
to install and operate a system for
gasoline vapor recovery of emissions
from the fueling of motor vehicles
known as ‘‘Stage II.’’ 6 On November 5,
1992, May 18, 1993, and July 6, 1993,
the State of Tennessee submitted SIP
revisions to EPA for Stage I and II vapor
recovery in the Nashville Area.7
On February 9, 1995, EPA approved
Tennessee’s November 5, 1992, May 18,
1993, and July 6, 1993, SIP revision
containing Tennessee Air Pollution
Control Regulations (TAPCR) rule 1200–
03–18–.24, Gasoline Dispensing
Facilities, Stage I and Stage II Vapor
Recovery which regulates the emissions
of VOCs from petroleum product storage
and distribution network. 60 FR 7713.8
TAPCR 1200–03–18–.24 includes
requirements for control of VOC
emissions from filling of certain
gasoline storage tanks in several
Tennessee counties using Stage I vapor
recovery systems. Subsequently, on
January 10, 2008, EPA promulgated
similar requirements for Stage I vapor
5 This guidance document is available at: https://
www.epa.gov/groundlevelozone/pdfs/
20120807guidance.pdf.
6 As discussed above, Stage II is a system
designed to capture displaced vapors that emerge
from inside a vehicle’s fuel tank when gasoline is
dispensed into the tank. There are two basic types
of Stage II systems, the balance type and the
vacuum assist type.
7 ‘‘Gasoline Dispensing Facility, Stage 1’’ under
Section 7–13, covering Nashville/Davidson County
was first submitted on February 16, 1990 for EPA
approval into the SIP and was approved March 11,
1991. See 56 FR 10171. The last revision for
regulations related to Nashville/Davidson County
was submitted on July 3, 1991, and later approved
by EPA on June 26, 1992. See 57 FR 28625.
8 Revisions to this rule were subsequently
approved by EPA on April 14, 1997, and August 26,
2005.
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recovery as 40 CFR part 63, subpart
CCCCCC. 73 FR 1945.
On November 14, 1994, TDEC
submitted to EPA a request (later
supplemented on August 9, 1995, and
January 19, 1996) to redesignate the
Middle Tennessee Area to attainment
for the 1-hour ozone standard and an
associated maintenance plan. The
maintenance plan, as required under
section 175A of the CAA, showed that
nitrogen oxides and VOC emissions in
the Area would remain below the 1994
‘‘attainment year’’ levels through the
greater than ten-year period from 1994–
2006. In making these projections, TDEC
factored in the emissions benefit of the
Area’s Stage II program, thereby
maintaining this program as an active
part of its 1-hour ozone SIP. The
redesignation request and maintenance
plan was approved by EPA, effective
October 30, 1996. See 61 FR 55903.
Subsequently, the maintenance plan
was extended by TDEC to 2016, and this
extension was approved by EPA,
effective January 3, 2006. See 70 FR
65838.
IV. Analysis of the State’s Submittal
On February 8, 2016, Tennessee
submitted a draft SIP revision to EPA
seeking modifications of the Stage II and
Stage I requirements in the State. First,
in relation to Stage II, TDEC seeks the
removal of the Stage II vapor recovery
requirements from TAPCR 1200–03–18–
.24 through the addition of requirements
for decommissioning, and the phase out
of the Stage II vapor recovery systems
over a 3-year period from January 1,
2016, to January 1, 2019, in Davidson,
Rutherford, Sumner, Williamson and
Wilson Counties. Second, TDEC seeks to
amend the Stage I requirements for
gasoline dispensing facilities by
adopting by reference the Federal
requirements of 40 CFR part 63, subpart
CCCCCC and removing most of the
State-specific language for Stage I vapor
recovery.9 Below are additional details
regarding EPA’s rationale for the actions
proposed in today’s rulemaking in
relation to Tennessee’s requested
changes.
9 However, any gasoline dispensing facility with
a monthly throughput of 10,000 gallons or more of
gasoline that is located in Anderson, Blount, Carter,
Cheatham, Davidson, Dickson, Fayette, Hamilton,
Hawkins, Haywood, Jefferson, Knox Loudon,
Marion, Meigs, Montgomery, Putnam, Robertson,
Rutherford, Sevier, Shelby, Sullivan, Sumner,
Tipton, Unicoi, Union, Washington, Williamson, or
Wilson Counties will be subject to expanded
requirements under subpart CCCCCC.
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A. Analysis of Changes to Tennessee’s
Stage II Requirements for Middle
Tennessee
EPA’s primary consideration in
determining the approvability of
Tennessee’s request regarding removal
of the Stage II program in the Middle
Tennessee Area is whether this
requested action complies with section
110(l) of the CAA.10 Section 110(l)
requires that a revision to the SIP not
interfere with any applicable
requirement concerning attainment and
reasonable further progress (as defined
in section 171), or any other applicable
requirement of the Act. EPA evaluates
each section 110(l) noninterference
demonstration on a case-by-case basis,
considering the circumstances of each
SIP revision. EPA interprets 110(l) as
applying to all NAAQS that are in effect,
including those that have been
promulgated but for which the EPA has
not yet made designations. The degree
of analysis focused on any particular
NAAQS in a noninterference
demonstration varies depending on the
nature of the emissions associated with
the proposed SIP revision. EPA’s
analysis of Tennessee’s February 8,
2016, SIP revision pursuant to section
110(l) is provided below.
In its February 8, 2016, draft SIP
revision, TDEC used EPA’s guidance
entitled ‘‘Guidance on Removing Stage
II Gasoline Vapor Control Programs
from State Implementation Plans and
Assessing Comparable Measures’’ to
conduct a series of calculations to
determine the potential impact on air
quality of removing the Stage II
program.11 Tennessee’s analysis focused
on VOC emissions because, as
mentioned above, Stage II requirements
affect VOC emissions and because VOCs
are a precursor for ozone formation.12
10 CAA section 193 is not relevant because
Tennessee’s Stage II rule was not included in the
SIP before the 1990 CAA amendments.
11 EPA, Guidance on Removing Stage II Gasoline
Vapor Control Programs from State Implementation
Plans and Assessing Comparable Measures, EPA–
457/B–12–001 (Aug. 7, 2012), available at: https://
www.epa.gov/ozone-pollution/ozone-stage-twovapor-recovery-rule-and-guidance. This guidance
document notes that ‘‘the potential emission control
losses from removing Stage II VRS are transitional
and relatively small. ORVR-equipped vehicles will
continue to phase in to the fleet over the coming
years and will exceed 80 percent of all highway
gasoline vehicles and 85 percent of all gasoline
dispensed during 2015. As the number of these
ORVR-equipped vehicles increase, the control
attributed to Stage II VRS will decrease even
further, and the potential foregone Stage II VOC
emission reductions are generally expected to be no
more than one percent of the VOC inventory in the
area.’’
12 Several counties in Middle Tennessee are
currently designated nonattainment for the 1997
Annual fine particulate matter (PM2.5) standard.
While VOC is one of the precursors for particulate
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The results of TDEC’s analysis are
provided in the table below.
TABLE 1—VOC EMISSIONS PER
OZONE SEASON FROM STAGE II
CONTROLS
VOC emissions
reduction
(tons per year)
Year
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
................................
................................
................................
................................
................................
................................
................................
................................
................................
................................
................................
510.60
397.39
281.97
188.45
107.28
38.62
¥20.50
¥67.19
¥106.81
¥137.24
¥154.83
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The removal of Stage II vapor
recovery systems in the five-county
Middle Tennessee area starting in 2016
will result in a VOC emission decrease,
with emission reduction benefits
increasing over time. Conversely, as
Table 1 shows, if Stage II requirements
are kept in place, an increase in VOC
emissions will occur beyond 2015, and
it will become detrimental to air quality
in the five-county Middle Tennessee
area to keep Stage II systems in
operation.13
matter (NAAQS) formation, studies have indicated
that, in the southeast, emissions of direct PM2.5 and
the precursor sulfur oxides are more significant to
ambient summertime PM2.5 concentrations than
emissions of nitrogen oxides and anthropogenic
VOC. See, e.g., Quantifying the sources of ozone,
fine particulate matter, and regional haze in the
Southeastern United States, Journal of
Environmental Engineering (June 24, 2009),
available at: https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/elsevier/
quantifying-the-sources-of-ozone-fine-particulatematter-and-regional-yYzp0F1KBu.
13 The emissions-reduction disbenefit associated
with continued implementation of Stage II
requirements is due to the incompatibility of some
Stage II and ORVR systems. Compatibility problems
can result in an increase in emissions from the
underground storage tank (UST) vent pipe and
other system fugitive emissions related to the
refueling of ORVR vehicles with some types of
vacuum assist-type Stage II systems. This occurs
during refueling an ORVR vehicle when the
vacuum assist system draws fresh air into the UST
rather than an air vapor mixture from the vehicle
fuel tank. Vapor flow from the vehicle fuel tank is
blocked by the liquid seal in the fill pipe which
forms at a level deeper in the fill pipe than can be
reached by the end of the nozzle spout. The fresh
air drawn into the UST enhances gasoline
evaporation in the UST which increases pressure in
the UST. Unless it is lost as a fugitive emission, any
tank pressure in excess of the rating of the pressure/
vacuum valve is vented to the atmosphere over the
course of a day. See EPA, Guidance on Removing
Stage II Gasoline Vapor Control Programs from State
Implementation Plans and Assessing Comparable
Measures, EPA–457/B–12–001 (Aug. 7, 2012),
available at: https://www.epa.gov/ozone-pollution/
ozone-stage-two-vapor-recovery-rule-and-guidance.
Thus, as ORVR technology is phased in, the amount
of emission control that is gained through Stage II
systems decreases.
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The affected sources covered by
Tennessee’s Stage II vapor recovery
requirements are sources of VOCs. Other
criteria pollutants (carbon monoxide,
sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide,
particulate matter, and lead) are not
emitted by gasoline dispensing facilities
and will not be affected by the removal
of Stage II controls.
The proposed revisions to TAPCR
1200–03–18–.24 include that gasoline
dispensing facilities located in
Davidson, Rutherford, Sumner,
Williamson, and Wilson counties shall
decommission and remove the systems
no later than 3 years from the effective
date of this rule. Tennessee noted in its
submission that procedures to
decommission and remove systems will
be conducted in accordance with
Petroleum Equipment Institute (PEI)
guidance, ‘‘Recommended Practices for
Installation and Testing of Vapor
Recovery Systems at Vehicle Refueling
Sites,’’ PEI/RP300–09.
EPA is proposing to determine that
TDEC’s technical analysis is consistent
with EPA’s guidance on removing Stage
II requirements from a SIP, including
those provisions related to the
decommissioning and phasing out of the
Stage II requirements for the Middle
Tennessee Area. EPA is also making the
preliminary determination that
Tennessee’s SIP revision is consistent
with the CAA and with EPA’s
regulations related to removal of Stage
II requirements from the SIP and that
these changes will not interfere with
any applicable requirement concerning
attainment or any other applicable
requirement of the CAA, and therefore
satisfy section 110(l).
B. Analysis of Changes to Tennessee’s
Stage I Requirements
Tennessee’s Stage I requirements are
in TAPCR 1200–03–18–.24, and provide
for the control of VOC emissions from
filling stations of certain gasoline
storage tanks in Blount, Carter,
Cheatham, Davidson, Dickinson,
Fayette, Hamilton, Hawkins, Haywood,
Jefferson, Knox, Loudon, Marion, Meigs,
Montgomery, Putnam, Robertson,
Rutherford, Sullivan, Sumner, Tipton,
Unicoi, Union, Washington,
Williamson, and Wilson Counties. EPA
promulgated similar requirements for
Stage I vapor recovery at 40 CFR part 63,
subpart CCCCCC. To eliminate overlap
of State and Federal requirements,
Tennessee proposes to adopt by
reference 40 CFR part 63, subpart
CCCCCC and remove the Stage I SIP
requirements of TAPCR 1200–03–18–
.24. Tennessee provided a section 110(l)
demonstration that includes a
comparison demonstrating the
PO 00000
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Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
34943
equivalence of State and Federal Stage
I requirements, i.e., showing that the
State requirements will be as stringent
as or more stringent than the
comparable Federal requirements.
Tennessee’s submittal proposes to lower
the applicability threshold of the
Federal requirements to apply to smaller
facilities based on monthly throughput,
rather than the equivalent Federal
requirements for the subject counties
listed above. Thus the State rule (1200–
03–18–.24(1)) is more stringent than the
Federal Rule.
EPA has preliminarily determined
that these changes to Tennessee’s Stage
I requirements will not interfere with
any applicable requirement concerning
attainment or any other applicable
requirement of the CAA, and therefore
satisfy section 110(l), because they
remove obsolete language due, in part,
to superseding Federal requirements in
40 CFR part 63, subpart CCCCCC.
V. Incorporation by Reference
In this rule, EPA is proposing to
include in a final EPA rule regulatory
text that includes incorporation by
reference. In accordance with
requirements of 1 CFR 51.5, EPA is
proposing to incorporate by reference
TDEC Regulation TAPCR 1200–03–18–
.24, Gasoline Dispensing Facilities. EPA
has made, and will continue to make,
these documents generally available
electronically through
www.regulations.gov and/or in hard
copy at the EPA Region 4 office (see the
ADDRESSES section of this preamble for
more information).
VI. Proposed Action
EPA is proposing to approve
Tennessee’s February 8, 2016, draft SIP
revision that changes Tennessee
Gasoline Dispensing Facilities, Stage I
and II Vapor Recovery, TAPCR rule
1200–03–18–.24. to: (1) Allow for the
removal of the Stage II requirement and
the orderly decommissioning of Stage II
equipment; and (2) incorporate by
reference Federal rule 40 CFR part 63,
subpart CCCCCC, and remove certain
non-state-specific requirements for the
Stage I. EPA is proposing this approval
because the Agency has made the
preliminary determination that
Tennessee’s February 8, 2016, draft SIP
revision related to the State’s Stage I and
II rule is consistent with the CAA and
with EPA’s regulations and guidance.
VII. Statutory and Executive Order
Reviews
Under the CAA, the Administrator is
required to approve a SIP submission
that complies with the provisions of the
Act and applicable federal regulations.
E:\FR\FM\01JNP1.SGM
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sradovich on DSK3TPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS
34944
Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 105 / Wednesday, June 1, 2016 / Proposed Rules
See 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a).
Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions,
EPA’s role is to approve state choices,
provided that they meet the criteria of
the CAA. Accordingly, this proposed
action merely proposes to approve state
law as meeting federal requirements and
does not impose additional
requirements beyond those imposed by
state law. For that reason, this proposed
action:
• Is not a ‘‘significant regulatory
action’’ subject to review by the Office
of Management and Budget under
Executive Orders 12866 (58 FR 51735,
October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821,
January 21, 2011);
• does not impose an information
collection burden under the provisions
of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44
U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
• is certified as not having a
significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities
under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5
U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
• does not contain any unfunded
mandate or significantly or uniquely
affect small governments, as described
in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4);
• does not have Federalism
implications as specified in Executive
Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10,
1999);
• is not an economically significant
regulatory action based on health or
safety risks subject to Executive Order
13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997);
• is not a significant regulatory action
subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR
28355, May 22, 2001);
• is not subject to requirements of
Section 12(d) of the National
Technology Transfer and Advancement
Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because
application of those requirements would
be inconsistent with the CAA; and
• does not provide EPA with the
discretionary authority to address, as
appropriate, disproportionate human
health or environmental effects, using
practicable and legally permissible
methods, under Executive Order 12898
(59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
In addition, the SIP is not approved
to apply on any Indian reservation land
or in any other area where EPA or an
Indian tribe has demonstrated that a
tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of
Indian country, the rule does not have
tribal implications as specified by
Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249,
November 9, 2000), nor will it impose
substantial direct costs on tribal
governments or preempt tribal law.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
17:32 May 31, 2016
Jkt 238001
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone,
Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Volatile organic
compounds.
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Dated: May 19, 2106.
Heather McTeer Toney,
Regional Administrator, Region 4.
[FR Doc. 2016–12805 Filed 5–31–16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration
50 CFR Part 622
[Docket No. 160225143–6143–01]
RIN 0648–BF61
Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of
Mexico, and South Atlantic; SnapperGrouper Fishery Off the Southern
Atlantic States; Regulatory
Amendment 25
National Marine Fisheries
Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA),
Commerce.
ACTION: Proposed rule; request for
comments.
AGENCY:
NMFS proposes regulations to
implement Regulatory Amendment 25
for the Fishery Management Plan (FMP)
for the Snapper-Grouper Fishery of the
South Atlantic Region (Regulatory
Amendment 25) as prepared and
submitted by the South Atlantic Fishery
Management Council (Council). If
implemented, this proposed rule would
revise the commercial and recreational
annual catch limits (ACLs), the
commercial trip limit, and the
recreational bag limit for blueline
tilefish. Additionally, this proposed rule
would revise the black sea bass
recreational bag limit and the the
commercial and recreational fishing
years for yellowtail snapper. The
purpose of this proposed rule for
blueline tilefish is to increase the
optimum yield (OY) and ACLs based on
a revised acceptable biological catch
(ABC) recommendation from the
Council’s Scientific and Statistical
Committee (SSC). The purpose of this
proposed rule is also to achieve OY for
black sea bass and adjust the fishing
year for yellowtail snapper to better
protect the species while allowing for
economic benefits to fishers.
SUMMARY:
PO 00000
Frm 00029
Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
Written comments must be
received on or before June 16, 2016.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments
on the proposed rule, identified by
‘‘NOAA–NMFS–2016–0042’’ by either
of the following methods:
• Electronic Submission: Submit all
electronic public comments via the
Federal e-Rulemaking Portal. Go to
www.regulations.gov/
#!docketDetail;D=NOAA-NMFS-20160042, click the ‘‘Comment Now!’’ icon,
complete the required fields, and enter
or attach your comments.
• Mail: Submit written comments to
Rick DeVictor, Southeast Regional
Office, NMFS, 263 13th Avenue South,
St. Petersburg, FL 33701.
Instructions: Comments sent by any
other method, to any other address or
individual, or received after the end of
the comment period, may not be
considered by NMFS. All comments
received are a part of the public record
and will generally be posted for public
viewing on www.regulations.gov
without change. All personal identifying
information (e.g., name, address, etc.),
confidential business information, or
otherwise sensitive information
submitted voluntarily by the sender will
be publicly accessible. NMFS will
accept anonymous comments (enter ‘‘N/
A’’ in required fields if you wish to
remain anonymous).
Electronic copies of Regulatory
Amendment 25, which includes an
environmental assessment, a Regulatory
Flexibility Act analysis, regulatory
impact review, and fishery impact
statement, may be obtained from
www.regulations.gov or the Southeast
Regional Office Web site at https://
sero.nmfs.noaa.gov/sustainable_
fisheries/s_atl/sg/2015/reg_am25/
index.html.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Rick
DeVictor, NMFS, SERO, telephone: 727–
551–5720 or email: rick.devictor@
noaa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The
snapper-grouper fishery of the South
Atlantic Region is managed under the
FMP and includes blueline tilefish,
black sea bass, and yellowtail snapper.
The FMP was prepared by the Council
and is implemented through regulations
at 50 CFR part 622 under the authority
of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery
Conservation and Management Act
(Magnuson-Stevens Act).
DATES:
Background
The Magnuson-Stevens Act requires
NMFS and regional fishery management
councils to prevent overfishing and
achieve, on a continuing basis, OY from
federally managed fish stocks. These
E:\FR\FM\01JNP1.SGM
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 105 (Wednesday, June 1, 2016)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 34940-34944]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2016-12805]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA-R04-OAR-2016-0011; FRL-9947-18-Region 4]
Air Plan Approval; Tennessee; Revision and Removal of Stage I and
II Gasoline Vapor Recovery Program
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency.
ACTION: Proposed rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to
approve changes to the State Implementation Plan (SIP) submitted by the
State of Tennessee through the Tennessee Department of Environment and
Conservation (TDEC) on February 8, 2016, for parallel processing. This
draft SIP revision seeks to lower applicability thresholds for certain
sources subject to Federal Stage I requirements, remove the Stage II
vapor control requirements, and add requirements for decommissioning
gasoline dispensing facilities, as well as requirements for new and
upgraded gasoline dispensing facilities in the Nashville, Tennessee
Area (hereinafter also known as the ``Middle Tennessee Area''). EPA has
preliminarily determined that Tennessee's February 8, 2016, draft SIP
revision is approvable because it is consistent with the Clean Air Act
(CAA or Act).
DATES: Written comments must be received on or before July 1, 2016.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R04-
OAR-2016-0011 at https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the online
instructions for submitting comments. Once submitted, comments cannot
be edited or removed from Regulations.gov. EPA may publish any comment
received to its public docket. Do not submit electronically any
information you consider to be Confidential Business Information (CBI)
or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute.
Multimedia submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be accompanied by a
written comment. The written comment is considered the official comment
and should include discussion of all points you wish to make. EPA will
generally not consider comments or comment contents located outside of
the primary submission (i.e. on the web, cloud, or other file sharing
system). For additional submission methods, the full EPA public comment
policy, information about CBI or multimedia submissions, and general
guidance on making effective comments, please visit https://www2.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kelly Sheckler, Air Regulatory
Management Section, Air Planning and Implementation Branch, Air,
Pesticides and Toxics Management Division, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Region 4, 61 Forsyth Street SW., Atlanta, Georgia
30303-8960. Ms. Sheckler's phone number is (404) 562-9222. She can also
be reached via electronic mail at sheckler.kelly@epa.gov.
[[Page 34941]]
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. What is parallel processing?
Consistent with EPA regulations found at 40 CFR part 51, Appendix
V, section 2.3.1, for purposes of expediting review of a SIP submittal,
parallel processing allows a state to submit a plan to EPA prior to
actual adoption by the state. Generally, the state submits a copy of
the proposed regulation or other revisions to EPA before conducting its
public hearing. EPA reviews this proposed state action and prepares a
notice of proposed rulemaking. EPA's notice of proposed rulemaking is
published in the Federal Register during the same time frame that the
state is holding its public process. The state and EPA then provide for
concurrent public comment periods on both the state action and federal
action.
If the revision that is finally adopted and submitted by the state
is changed in aspects other than those identified in the proposed
rulemaking on the parallel process submission, EPA will evaluate those
changes and if necessary and appropriate, issue another notice of
proposed rulemaking. The final rulemaking action by EPA will occur only
after the SIP revision has been adopted by the state and submitted
formally to EPA for incorporation into the SIP.
On February 8, 2016, the State of Tennessee, through TDEC,
submitted a formal letter request for parallel processing of a draft
SIP revision that the State was already taking through public comment.
TDEC requested parallel processing so that EPA could begin to take
action on its draft SIP revision in advance of the State's submission
of the final SIP revision. As stated above, the final rulemaking action
by EPA will occur only after the SIP revision has been: (1) Adopted by
Tennessee; (2) submitted formally to EPA for incorporation into the
SIP; and (3) evaluated by EPA, including any changes made by the State
after the February 8, 2016, draft was submitted to EPA.
II. Background for Federal Stage I and II Requirements
Stage I vapor recovery is a type of emission control system that
captures gasoline vapors that are released when gasoline is delivered
to a storage tank. The vapors are returned to the tank truck as the
storage tank is being filled with fuel, rather than released to the
ambient air. Stage II and onboard refueling vapor recovery (ORVR) are
two types of emission control systems that capture fuel vapors from
vehicle gas tanks during refueling. Stage II systems are specifically
installed at gasoline dispensing facilities and capture the refueling
fuel vapors at the gasoline pump nozzle. The system carries the vapors
back to the underground storage tank at the gasoline dispensing
facility to prevent the vapors from escaping to the atmosphere. ORVR
systems are carbon canisters installed directly on automobiles to
capture the fuel vapors evacuated from the gasoline tank before they
reach the nozzle. The fuel vapors captured in the carbon canisters are
then combusted in the engine when the automobile is in operation.
Under section 182(b)(3) of the CAA, each state was required to
submit a SIP revision to implement Stage II for all ozone nonattainment
areas classified as moderate, serious, severe, or extreme, primarily
for the control of volatile organic compounds (VOC)--a precursor to
ozone formation.\1\ However, section 202(a)(6) of the CAA states that
the section 182(b)(3) Stage II requirements for moderate ozone
nonattainment areas shall not apply after the promulgation of ORVR
standards.\2\ ORVR standards were promulgated by EPA on April 6, 1994.
See 59 FR 16262 and 40 CFR parts 86, 88 and 600. As a result, the CAA
no longer requires moderate areas to impose Stage II controls under
section 182(b)(3), and such areas were able to submit SIP revisions, in
compliance with section 110(l) of the CAA, to remove Stage II
requirements from their SIPs. EPA's policy memoranda related to ORVR,
dated March 9, 1993, and June 23, 1993, provide further guidance on
removing Stage II requirements from certain areas. The policy
memorandum dated March 9, 1993, states that ``[w]hen onboard rules are
promulgated, a State may withdraw its Stage II rules for moderate areas
from the SIP (or from consideration as a SIP revision) consistent with
its obligations under sections 182(b)(3) and 202(a)(6), so long as
withdrawal will not interfere with any other applicable requirement of
the Act.'' \3\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Section 182(b)(3) states that each State in which all or
part of an ozone nonattainment area classified as moderate or above
shall, with respect to that area, submit a SIP revision requiring
owners or operators of gasoline dispensing systems to install and
operate vapor recovery equipment at their facilities. Specifically,
the CAA specifies that the Stage II requirements must apply to any
facility that dispenses more than 10,000 gallons of gasoline per
month or, in the case of an independent small business marketer
(ISBM), as defined in section 324 of the CAA, any facility that
dispenses more than 50,000 gallons of gasoline per month.
Additionally, the CAA specifies the deadlines by which certain
facilities must comply with the Stage II requirements. For
facilities that are not owned or operated by an ISBM, these
deadlines, calculated from the time of State adoption of the Stage
II requirements, are: (1) 6 months for facilities for which
construction began after November 15, 1990, (2) 1 year for
facilities that dispense greater than 100,000 gallons of gasoline
per month, and (3) by November 15, 1994, for all other facilities.
For ISBMs, section 324(a) of the CAA provides the following three-
year phase-in period: (1) 33 percent of the facilities owned by an
ISBM by the end of the first year after the regulations take effect;
(2) 66 percent of such facilities by the end of the second year; and
(3) 100 percent of such facilities after the third year.
\2\ ORVR is a system employed on gasoline-powered highway motor
vehicles to capture gasoline vapors displaced from a vehicle fuel
tank during refueling events. These systems are required under
section 202(a)(6) of the CAA and implementation of these
requirements began in the 1998 model year. Currently they are used
on all gasoline-powered passenger cars, light trucks and complete
heavy trucks of less than 14,000 pounds GVWR. ORVR systems typically
employ a liquid file neck seal to block vapor escape to the
atmosphere and otherwise share many components with the vehicles'
evaporative emission control system including the onboard diagnostic
system sensors.
\3\ Memorandum from John S. Seitz, Director, Office of Air
Quality Planning and Standards, to EPA Regional Air Directors,
Impact of the Recent Onboard Decision on Stage II Requirements in
Moderate Areas (March 9, 1993), available at: https://www.epa.gov/ttn/naaqs/aqmguide/collection/cp2/19930309_seitz_onboard_impact_stage2_.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CAA section 202(a)(6) also provides discretionary authority to the
EPA Administrator to, by rule, revise or waive the section 182(b)(3)
Stage II requirement for serious, severe, and extreme ozone
nonattainment areas after the Administrator determines that ORVR is in
widespread use throughout the motor vehicle fleet. On May 16, 2012, in
a rulemaking entitled ``Air Quality: Widespread Use for Onboard
Refueling Vapor Recovery and Stage II Waiver,'' EPA determined that
ORVR technology is in widespread use throughout the motor vehicle fleet
for purposes of controlling motor vehicle refueling emissions. See 77
FR 28772. By that action, EPA waived the requirement for states to
implement Stage II gasoline vapor recovery systems at gasoline
dispensing facilities in nonattainment areas classified as serious and
above for the ozone NAAQS. Effective May 16, 2012, states implementing
mandatory Stage II programs under section 182(b)(3) of the CAA were
allowed to submit SIP revisions to remove this program. See 40 CFR
51.126(b).\4\ On April 7, 2012, EPA released the guidance entitled
``Guidance on Removing Stage II Gasoline Vapor Control Programs from
[[Page 34942]]
State Implementation Plans and Assessing Comparable Measures'' for
states to consider in preparing their SIP revisions to remove existing
Stage II programs from state implementation plans.\5\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\4\ As noted above, EPA found, pursuant to CAA section
202(a)(6), that ORVR systems are in widespread use in the motor
vehicle fleet and waived the CAA section 182(b)(3) Stage II vapor
recovery requirement for serious and higher ozone nonattainment
areas on May 16, 2012. Thus, in its implementation rule for the 2008
ozone NAAQS, EPA removed the section 182(b)(3) Stage II requirement
from the list of applicable requirements in 40 CFR 51.1100(o). See
80 FR 12264 for additional information.
\5\ This guidance document is available at: https://www.epa.gov/groundlevelozone/pdfs/20120807guidance.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
III. Tennessee's Stage I and II Vapor Recovery Requirements for the
Middle Tennessee Area
On November 6, 1991, EPA designated and classified the Nashville
Area (Davidson, Rutherford, Sumner, Williamson and Wilson counties) as
a moderate ozone nonattainment area for the 1-hour ozone NAAQS. See 56
FR 56694, 56829. As mentioned above, the ``moderate'' classification
triggered various statutory requirements for this Area, including the
requirement pursuant to section 182(b)(3) of the CAA for the Area to
require all owners and operators of gasoline dispensing systems to
install and operate a system for gasoline vapor recovery of emissions
from the fueling of motor vehicles known as ``Stage II.'' \6\ On
November 5, 1992, May 18, 1993, and July 6, 1993, the State of
Tennessee submitted SIP revisions to EPA for Stage I and II vapor
recovery in the Nashville Area.\7\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\6\ As discussed above, Stage II is a system designed to capture
displaced vapors that emerge from inside a vehicle's fuel tank when
gasoline is dispensed into the tank. There are two basic types of
Stage II systems, the balance type and the vacuum assist type.
\7\ ``Gasoline Dispensing Facility, Stage 1'' under Section 7-
13, covering Nashville/Davidson County was first submitted on
February 16, 1990 for EPA approval into the SIP and was approved
March 11, 1991. See 56 FR 10171. The last revision for regulations
related to Nashville/Davidson County was submitted on July 3, 1991,
and later approved by EPA on June 26, 1992. See 57 FR 28625.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
On February 9, 1995, EPA approved Tennessee's November 5, 1992, May
18, 1993, and July 6, 1993, SIP revision containing Tennessee Air
Pollution Control Regulations (TAPCR) rule 1200-03-18-.24, Gasoline
Dispensing Facilities, Stage I and Stage II Vapor Recovery which
regulates the emissions of VOCs from petroleum product storage and
distribution network. 60 FR 7713.\8\ TAPCR 1200-03-18-.24 includes
requirements for control of VOC emissions from filling of certain
gasoline storage tanks in several Tennessee counties using Stage I
vapor recovery systems. Subsequently, on January 10, 2008, EPA
promulgated similar requirements for Stage I vapor recovery as 40 CFR
part 63, subpart CCCCCC. 73 FR 1945.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\8\ Revisions to this rule were subsequently approved by EPA on
April 14, 1997, and August 26, 2005.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
On November 14, 1994, TDEC submitted to EPA a request (later
supplemented on August 9, 1995, and January 19, 1996) to redesignate
the Middle Tennessee Area to attainment for the 1-hour ozone standard
and an associated maintenance plan. The maintenance plan, as required
under section 175A of the CAA, showed that nitrogen oxides and VOC
emissions in the Area would remain below the 1994 ``attainment year''
levels through the greater than ten-year period from 1994-2006. In
making these projections, TDEC factored in the emissions benefit of the
Area's Stage II program, thereby maintaining this program as an active
part of its 1-hour ozone SIP. The redesignation request and maintenance
plan was approved by EPA, effective October 30, 1996. See 61 FR 55903.
Subsequently, the maintenance plan was extended by TDEC to 2016, and
this extension was approved by EPA, effective January 3, 2006. See 70
FR 65838.
IV. Analysis of the State's Submittal
On February 8, 2016, Tennessee submitted a draft SIP revision to
EPA seeking modifications of the Stage II and Stage I requirements in
the State. First, in relation to Stage II, TDEC seeks the removal of
the Stage II vapor recovery requirements from TAPCR 1200-03-18-.24
through the addition of requirements for decommissioning, and the phase
out of the Stage II vapor recovery systems over a 3-year period from
January 1, 2016, to January 1, 2019, in Davidson, Rutherford, Sumner,
Williamson and Wilson Counties. Second, TDEC seeks to amend the Stage I
requirements for gasoline dispensing facilities by adopting by
reference the Federal requirements of 40 CFR part 63, subpart CCCCCC
and removing most of the State-specific language for Stage I vapor
recovery.\9\ Below are additional details regarding EPA's rationale for
the actions proposed in today's rulemaking in relation to Tennessee's
requested changes.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\9\ However, any gasoline dispensing facility with a monthly
throughput of 10,000 gallons or more of gasoline that is located in
Anderson, Blount, Carter, Cheatham, Davidson, Dickson, Fayette,
Hamilton, Hawkins, Haywood, Jefferson, Knox Loudon, Marion, Meigs,
Montgomery, Putnam, Robertson, Rutherford, Sevier, Shelby, Sullivan,
Sumner, Tipton, Unicoi, Union, Washington, Williamson, or Wilson
Counties will be subject to expanded requirements under subpart
CCCCCC.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
A. Analysis of Changes to Tennessee's Stage II Requirements for Middle
Tennessee
EPA's primary consideration in determining the approvability of
Tennessee's request regarding removal of the Stage II program in the
Middle Tennessee Area is whether this requested action complies with
section 110(l) of the CAA.\10\ Section 110(l) requires that a revision
to the SIP not interfere with any applicable requirement concerning
attainment and reasonable further progress (as defined in section 171),
or any other applicable requirement of the Act. EPA evaluates each
section 110(l) noninterference demonstration on a case-by-case basis,
considering the circumstances of each SIP revision. EPA interprets
110(l) as applying to all NAAQS that are in effect, including those
that have been promulgated but for which the EPA has not yet made
designations. The degree of analysis focused on any particular NAAQS in
a noninterference demonstration varies depending on the nature of the
emissions associated with the proposed SIP revision. EPA's analysis of
Tennessee's February 8, 2016, SIP revision pursuant to section 110(l)
is provided below.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\10\ CAA section 193 is not relevant because Tennessee's Stage
II rule was not included in the SIP before the 1990 CAA amendments.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In its February 8, 2016, draft SIP revision, TDEC used EPA's
guidance entitled ``Guidance on Removing Stage II Gasoline Vapor
Control Programs from State Implementation Plans and Assessing
Comparable Measures'' to conduct a series of calculations to determine
the potential impact on air quality of removing the Stage II
program.\11\ Tennessee's analysis focused on VOC emissions because, as
mentioned above, Stage II requirements affect VOC emissions and because
VOCs are a precursor for ozone formation.\12\
[[Page 34943]]
The results of TDEC's analysis are provided in the table below.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\11\ EPA, Guidance on Removing Stage II Gasoline Vapor Control
Programs from State Implementation Plans and Assessing Comparable
Measures, EPA-457/B-12-001 (Aug. 7, 2012), available at: https://www.epa.gov/ozone-pollution/ozone-stage-two-vapor-recovery-rule-and-guidance. This guidance document notes that ``the potential emission
control losses from removing Stage II VRS are transitional and
relatively small. ORVR-equipped vehicles will continue to phase in
to the fleet over the coming years and will exceed 80 percent of all
highway gasoline vehicles and 85 percent of all gasoline dispensed
during 2015. As the number of these ORVR-equipped vehicles increase,
the control attributed to Stage II VRS will decrease even further,
and the potential foregone Stage II VOC emission reductions are
generally expected to be no more than one percent of the VOC
inventory in the area.''
\12\ Several counties in Middle Tennessee are currently
designated nonattainment for the 1997 Annual fine particulate matter
(PM2.5) standard. While VOC is one of the precursors for
particulate matter (NAAQS) formation, studies have indicated that,
in the southeast, emissions of direct PM2.5 and the
precursor sulfur oxides are more significant to ambient summertime
PM2.5 concentrations than emissions of nitrogen oxides
and anthropogenic VOC. See, e.g., Quantifying the sources of ozone,
fine particulate matter, and regional haze in the Southeastern
United States, Journal of Environmental Engineering (June 24, 2009),
available at: https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/elsevier/quantifying-the-sources-of-ozone-fine-particulate-matter-and-regional-yYzp0F1KBu.
Table 1--VOC Emissions per Ozone Season From Stage II Controls
------------------------------------------------------------------------
VOC emissions
Year reduction (tons
per year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2010................................................. 510.60
2011................................................. 397.39
2012................................................. 281.97
2013................................................. 188.45
2014................................................. 107.28
2015................................................. 38.62
2016................................................. -20.50
2017................................................. -67.19
2018................................................. -106.81
2019................................................. -137.24
2020................................................. -154.83
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The removal of Stage II vapor recovery systems in the five-county
Middle Tennessee area starting in 2016 will result in a VOC emission
decrease, with emission reduction benefits increasing over time.
Conversely, as Table 1 shows, if Stage II requirements are kept in
place, an increase in VOC emissions will occur beyond 2015, and it will
become detrimental to air quality in the five-county Middle Tennessee
area to keep Stage II systems in operation.\13\
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\13\ The emissions-reduction disbenefit associated with
continued implementation of Stage II requirements is due to the
incompatibility of some Stage II and ORVR systems. Compatibility
problems can result in an increase in emissions from the underground
storage tank (UST) vent pipe and other system fugitive emissions
related to the refueling of ORVR vehicles with some types of vacuum
assist-type Stage II systems. This occurs during refueling an ORVR
vehicle when the vacuum assist system draws fresh air into the UST
rather than an air vapor mixture from the vehicle fuel tank. Vapor
flow from the vehicle fuel tank is blocked by the liquid seal in the
fill pipe which forms at a level deeper in the fill pipe than can be
reached by the end of the nozzle spout. The fresh air drawn into the
UST enhances gasoline evaporation in the UST which increases
pressure in the UST. Unless it is lost as a fugitive emission, any
tank pressure in excess of the rating of the pressure/vacuum valve
is vented to the atmosphere over the course of a day. See EPA,
Guidance on Removing Stage II Gasoline Vapor Control Programs from
State Implementation Plans and Assessing Comparable Measures, EPA-
457/B-12-001 (Aug. 7, 2012), available at: https://www.epa.gov/ozone-pollution/ozone-stage-two-vapor-recovery-rule-and-guidance.
Thus, as ORVR technology is phased in, the amount of emission
control that is gained through Stage II systems decreases.
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The affected sources covered by Tennessee's Stage II vapor recovery
requirements are sources of VOCs. Other criteria pollutants (carbon
monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter, and
lead) are not emitted by gasoline dispensing facilities and will not be
affected by the removal of Stage II controls.
The proposed revisions to TAPCR 1200-03-18-.24 include that
gasoline dispensing facilities located in Davidson, Rutherford, Sumner,
Williamson, and Wilson counties shall decommission and remove the
systems no later than 3 years from the effective date of this rule.
Tennessee noted in its submission that procedures to decommission and
remove systems will be conducted in accordance with Petroleum Equipment
Institute (PEI) guidance, ``Recommended Practices for Installation and
Testing of Vapor Recovery Systems at Vehicle Refueling Sites,'' PEI/
RP300-09.
EPA is proposing to determine that TDEC's technical analysis is
consistent with EPA's guidance on removing Stage II requirements from a
SIP, including those provisions related to the decommissioning and
phasing out of the Stage II requirements for the Middle Tennessee Area.
EPA is also making the preliminary determination that Tennessee's SIP
revision is consistent with the CAA and with EPA's regulations related
to removal of Stage II requirements from the SIP and that these changes
will not interfere with any applicable requirement concerning
attainment or any other applicable requirement of the CAA, and
therefore satisfy section 110(l).
B. Analysis of Changes to Tennessee's Stage I Requirements
Tennessee's Stage I requirements are in TAPCR 1200-03-18-.24, and
provide for the control of VOC emissions from filling stations of
certain gasoline storage tanks in Blount, Carter, Cheatham, Davidson,
Dickinson, Fayette, Hamilton, Hawkins, Haywood, Jefferson, Knox,
Loudon, Marion, Meigs, Montgomery, Putnam, Robertson, Rutherford,
Sullivan, Sumner, Tipton, Unicoi, Union, Washington, Williamson, and
Wilson Counties. EPA promulgated similar requirements for Stage I vapor
recovery at 40 CFR part 63, subpart CCCCCC. To eliminate overlap of
State and Federal requirements, Tennessee proposes to adopt by
reference 40 CFR part 63, subpart CCCCCC and remove the Stage I SIP
requirements of TAPCR 1200-03-18-.24. Tennessee provided a section
110(l) demonstration that includes a comparison demonstrating the
equivalence of State and Federal Stage I requirements, i.e., showing
that the State requirements will be as stringent as or more stringent
than the comparable Federal requirements. Tennessee's submittal
proposes to lower the applicability threshold of the Federal
requirements to apply to smaller facilities based on monthly
throughput, rather than the equivalent Federal requirements for the
subject counties listed above. Thus the State rule (1200-03-18-.24(1))
is more stringent than the Federal Rule.
EPA has preliminarily determined that these changes to Tennessee's
Stage I requirements will not interfere with any applicable requirement
concerning attainment or any other applicable requirement of the CAA,
and therefore satisfy section 110(l), because they remove obsolete
language due, in part, to superseding Federal requirements in 40 CFR
part 63, subpart CCCCCC.
V. Incorporation by Reference
In this rule, EPA is proposing to include in a final EPA rule
regulatory text that includes incorporation by reference. In accordance
with requirements of 1 CFR 51.5, EPA is proposing to incorporate by
reference TDEC Regulation TAPCR 1200-03-18-.24, Gasoline Dispensing
Facilities. EPA has made, and will continue to make, these documents
generally available electronically through www.regulations.gov and/or
in hard copy at the EPA Region 4 office (see the ADDRESSES section of
this preamble for more information).
VI. Proposed Action
EPA is proposing to approve Tennessee's February 8, 2016, draft SIP
revision that changes Tennessee Gasoline Dispensing Facilities, Stage I
and II Vapor Recovery, TAPCR rule 1200-03-18-.24. to: (1) Allow for the
removal of the Stage II requirement and the orderly decommissioning of
Stage II equipment; and (2) incorporate by reference Federal rule 40
CFR part 63, subpart CCCCCC, and remove certain non-state-specific
requirements for the Stage I. EPA is proposing this approval because
the Agency has made the preliminary determination that Tennessee's
February 8, 2016, draft SIP revision related to the State's Stage I and
II rule is consistent with the CAA and with EPA's regulations and
guidance.
VII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP
submission that complies with the provisions of the Act and applicable
federal regulations.
[[Page 34944]]
See 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in reviewing SIP
submissions, EPA's role is to approve state choices, provided that they
meet the criteria of the CAA. Accordingly, this proposed action merely
proposes to approve state law as meeting federal requirements and does
not impose additional requirements beyond those imposed by state law.
For that reason, this proposed action:
Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' subject to
review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Orders
12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821, January 21,
2011);
does not impose an information collection burden under the
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
is certified as not having a significant economic impact
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
does not have Federalism implications as specified in
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
is not an economically significant regulatory action based
on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR
19885, April 23, 1997);
is not a significant regulatory action subject to
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001);
is not subject to requirements of Section 12(d) of the
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent
with the CAA; and
does not provide EPA with the discretionary authority to
address, as appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental
effects, using practicable and legally permissible methods, under
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
In addition, the SIP is not approved to apply on any Indian
reservation land or in any other area where EPA or an Indian tribe has
demonstrated that a tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of Indian
country, the rule does not have tribal implications as specified by
Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000), nor will it
impose substantial direct costs on tribal governments or preempt tribal
law.
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Volatile organic compounds.
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Dated: May 19, 2106.
Heather McTeer Toney,
Regional Administrator, Region 4.
[FR Doc. 2016-12805 Filed 5-31-16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P