Suspended Counterparty Program, 79675-79680 [2015-32183]
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Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 246 / Wednesday, December 23, 2015 / Rules and Regulations
adjustment to the escrows exemption
asset-size threshold will also decrease
the threshold for small-creditor portfolio
and balloon-payment qualified
mortgages under Regulation Z. The
requirements for small-creditor portfolio
qualified mortgages at
§ 1026.43(e)(5)(i)(D) reference the asset
threshold in § 1026.35(b)(2)(iii)(C).
Likewise, the requirements for balloonpayment qualified mortgages at
§ 1026.43(f)(1)(vi) reference the asset
threshold in § 1026.35(b)(2)(iii)(C).
Balloon-payment qualified mortgages
that satisfy all applicable criteria in
§§ 1026.43(f)(1)(i) through (vi) and
1026.43(f)(2), or the conditions set forth
in § 1026.43(e)(6) for covered
transactions for which the application is
received before April 1, 2016,4
including being made by creditors that
have (together with certain affiliates)
total assets below the threshold in
§ 1026.35(b)(2)(iii)(C), are also excepted
from the prohibition on balloon
payments for high-cost mortgages in
§ 1026.32(d)(1)(ii)(C).
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II. Procedural Requirements
A. Administrative Procedure Act
Under the Administrative Procedure
Act (APA), notice and opportunity for
public comment are not required if the
Bureau finds that notice and public
comment are impracticable,
unnecessary, or contrary to the public
interest. 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(B). Pursuant to
this final rule, comment 35(b)(2)(iii)–1
in Regulation Z is amended to update
the exemption threshold. The
amendment in this final rule is
technical, and merely applies the
formula previously established in
Regulation Z for determining any
adjustments to the exemption threshold.
For these reasons, the Bureau has
determined that publishing a notice of
proposed rulemaking and providing
opportunity for public comment are
unnecessary. Therefore, the amendment
is adopted in final form.
Section 553(d) of the APA generally
requires publication of a final rule not
less than 30 days before its effective
date, except for (1) a substantive rule
which grants or recognizes an
exemption or relieves a restriction; (2)
interpretive rules and statements of
policy; or (3) as otherwise provided by
the agency for good cause found and
published with the rule. 5 U.S.C. 553(d).
At a minimum, the Bureau believes the
4 The Bureau extended the temporary provision
in § 1026.43(e)(6) from covered transactions
consummated on or before January 10, 2016 to
covered transactions for which the application was
received on or before April 1, 2016. See 80 FR
59943, 59959 (Oct. 2, 2015).
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amendments fall under the third
exception to section 553(d). The Bureau
finds that there is good cause to make
the amendments effective on January 1,
2016. The amendment in this rule is
technical, and applies the method
previously established in the agency’s
regulations for automatic adjustments to
the threshold.
B. Regulatory Flexibility Act
Because no notice of proposed
rulemaking is required, the Regulatory
Flexibility Act does not require an
initial or final regulatory flexibility
analysis. 5 U.S.C. 603(a), 604(a).
C. Paperwork Reduction Act
In accordance with the Paperwork
Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3506;
5 CFR 1320), the agency reviewed this
final rule. No collections of information
pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction
Act are contained in the final rule.
List of Subjects in 12 CFR Part 1026
Advertising, Consumer protection,
Credit, Credit unions, Mortgages,
National banks, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements, Savings
associations, Truth in lending.
79675
Paragraph 35(b)(2)(iii)
1. * * *
iii. * * *
E. Under § 1026.35(b)(2)(iii)(C), the
$2,000,000,000 asset threshold adjusts
automatically each year based on the year-toyear change in the average of the Consumer
Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers, not seasonally adjusted, for
each 12-month period ending in November,
with rounding to the nearest million dollars.
The Bureau will publish notice of the asset
threshold each year by amending this
comment. For calendar year 2016, the asset
threshold is $2,052,000,000. A creditor that
together with the assets of its affiliates that
regularly extended first-lien covered
transactions during calendar year 2015 has
total assets of less than $2,052,000,000 on
December 31, 2015, satisfies this criterion for
purposes of any loan consummated in 2016
and for purposes of any loan consummated
in 2017 for which the application was
received before April 1, 2017. For historical
purposes:
*
*
*
*
*
Dated: December 16, 2015.
Richard Cordray,
Director, Bureau of Consumer Financial
Protection.
[FR Doc. 2015–32293 Filed 12–22–15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4810–AM–P
Authority and Issuance
For the reasons set forth in the
preamble, the Bureau amends
Regulation Z, 12 CFR part 1026, as set
forth below:
PART 1026—TRUTH IN LENDING
(REGULATION Z)
1. The authority citation for part 1026
continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 12 U.S.C. 2601, 2603–2605,
2607, 2609, 2617, 3353, 5511, 5512, 5532,
5581; 15 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.
2. In Supplement I to Part 1026—
Official Interpretations, under Section
1026.35—Requirements for HigherPriced Mortgage Loans, 35(b)(2)
Exemptions, Paragraph 35(b)(2)(iii),
paragraph 1.iii.E introductory text, as
amended at 80 FR 59968 (Oct. 2, 2015),
is revised to read as follows:
■
SUPPLEMENT I TO PART 1026—
OFFICIAL INTERPRETATIONS
*
*
*
*
*
Subpart E—Special Rules for Certain Home
Mortgage Transactions
*
*
*
*
*
Section 1026.35—Requirements for HigherPriced Mortgage Loans
*
*
*
*
*
35(b)(2) Exemptions
*
PO 00000
*
*
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*
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*
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FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE
AGENCY
12 CFR Part 1227
RIN 2590–AA60
Suspended Counterparty Program
Federal Housing Finance
Agency.
ACTION: Final rule.
AGENCY:
This final rule establishes
requirements and procedures for the
Federal Housing Finance Agency’s
(FHFA) Suspended Counterparty
Program. Under the Suspended
Counterparty Program, FHFA may issue
suspension orders directing the
regulated entities (Fannie Mae, Freddie
Mac, and the eleven Federal Home Loan
Banks (Banks)) to cease doing business
with an individual or institution, and
any affiliate thereof, for a specified
period of time where such party has
committed fraud or other financial
misconduct involving a mortgage
transaction.
The final rule revises the interim final
rule published on October 23, 2013. The
final rule excludes from the types of
covered transactions that would be
subject to a final suspension order any
transaction involving a residential
mortgage loan if the loan is secured by
the respondent’s own personal or
SUMMARY:
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household residence. The final rule
provides more time than the interim
final regulation provided for the
regulated entities to submit reports to
FHFA when they become aware that any
individual or institution, and any
affiliate thereof, with which they do
business, has committed fraud or other
financial misconduct involving a
mortgage transaction. The final rule also
simplifies the standard for issuing
suspension orders by eliminating the
requirement that FHFA demonstrate
that the regulated entity has done
business with the individual or
institution within the past three years.
Finally, the final rule clarifies the
method of issuing notices of proposed
suspension orders with respect to
affiliates.
DATES: The final rule is effective January
22, 2016.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Kevin Sheehan, Associate General
Counsel, at (202) 649–3086 (not a tollfree number), Federal Housing Finance
Agency, Eighth Floor, 400 Seventh
Street SW., Washington, DC 20219. The
telephone number for the Hearing
Impaired is (800) 877–8339 (TDD only).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
The Suspended Counterparty Program
requires a regulated entity to submit a
report to FHFA if it becomes aware that
an individual or institution with which
it does business has been found within
the past three years to have committed
fraud or other financial misconduct
involving a mortgage transaction. FHFA
may issue proposed and final
suspension orders based on the reports
it has received from the regulated
entities or based on other information.
FHFA offers the affected individual or
institution and the regulated entities an
opportunity to respond to any proposed
suspension order. FHFA may issue a
final suspension order if FHFA
determines that the underlying
misconduct is of a type that would be
likely to cause significant financial or
reputational harm to a regulated entity
or otherwise threaten the safe and sound
operation of a regulated entity. Final
suspension orders direct the regulated
entities to cease or refrain from doing
business with the suspended
individuals or institutions for a
specified period of time, which may be
permanent in appropriate cases.
FHFA established the Suspended
Counterparty Program in June 2012 by
letter to the regulated entities. The
requirements and procedures for the
Suspended Counterparty Program were
generally codified by the interim final
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rule published on October 23, 2013. 78
FR 63007. FHFA received two comment
letters on the interim final rule: one
from Fannie Mae; and one from eleven
of the then twelve Banks 1 (the
Pittsburgh Bank did not join in the
comment letter). The current regulation,
the comments received, and the final
rule are discussed below.
II. Analysis of Final Rule
A. Requirement to Submit Reports—
§ 1227.4
1. Scope of Reporting Requirements
Current regulation. The current
regulation requires a regulated entity to
submit a report to FHFA when the
regulated entity becomes aware that a
person or affiliate thereof with which
the regulated entity is engaging or has
engaged in a covered transaction within
the past three years has engaged in
covered misconduct. A regulated entity
is aware of covered misconduct when
the regulated entity has reliable
information that such misconduct has
occurred. 12 CFR 1227.4(a). ‘‘Covered
misconduct’’ is defined to include
convictions or administrative sanctions
based on fraud or similar misconduct in
connection with the mortgage business.
12 CFR 1227.2. The Federal Register
notice accompanying the interim final
rule states that the regulated entities are
not required to conduct any
independent investigation of the
underlying conduct. See 78 FR at 63009.
Comments received. The Banks
supported the requirement in the
current regulation for reporting to FHFA
when they ‘‘become aware’’ of covered
misconduct based on ‘‘reliable
information.’’ However, the Banks asked
that FHFA provide additional guidance
on the scope of their reporting
obligations with respect to ‘‘reliable
information.’’ The Banks recommended
that the rule language indicate that the
regulated entities are not required to
conduct any independent investigation
of the conduct underlying covered
misconduct. The Banks also asked that
the rule language indicate that the
regulated entities are not required to
research possible affiliate relationships,
stating that it would be difficult, if not
impossible, to know the full extent of
the affiliates of any given entity.
The Banks asked FHFA to state that
the regulated entities would not be
required to conduct any docket searches
for convictions or to monitor federal
agency notices of debarment. The Banks
also recommended that the reporting
1 The Federal Home Loan Bank of Seattle merged
into the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines as
of the close of business on May 31, 2015.
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requirements not apply where a
regulated entity becomes aware of
covered misconduct through national
news reporting or by an announcement
or action taken by a federal agency,
stating that such information would be
accessible to FHFA as well as the
regulated entities and all regulated
entities should not have to report on the
same, widely known conduct. The
Banks further recommended that the
reporting requirements not apply to any
information about covered misconduct
that a regulated entity discovers in
reviewing a member’s examination
report. The Banks stated that their
review of such reports is subject to
confidentiality agreements with federal
financial regulators that limit their
ability to disclose any information in
the reports without the express written
consent of the regulator.
Final rule. The final rule does not
change the scope of the reporting
requirements under the Suspended
Counterparty Program. A regulated
entity is required to submit a report to
FHFA regarding only covered
misconduct of which the regulated
entity is aware. The extent of any
regulated entity’s efforts in evaluating
counterparties or addressing potential
mortgage fraud is a prudential matter for
the regulated entity, subject to regular
supervision by FHFA. The Suspended
Counterparty Program is not intended to
require additional review or
investigation by a regulated entity, nor
is it intended to take the place of any
review or investigation that a regulated
entity would otherwise engage in.
With respect to the comment
regarding confidential examination
information, the Suspended
Counterparty Program is limited to
convictions or administrative sanctions
for fraud or other financial misconduct
related to mortgage transactions.
Records regarding any such actions
would be publicly available, so it is not
necessary to revise this rule to address
confidential examination information.
2. Scope of Screening
Current regulation. The Federal
Register notice accompanying the
interim final rule states that the rule
does not specify the internal procedures
that each regulated entity must establish
to ensure compliance with the reporting
requirements under the rule. See 78 FR
at 63009.
Comments received. The Banks
indicated that they have existing
procedures for screening against the
U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of
Foreign Assets Control’s list. The Banks
requested that FHFA state that such
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procedures are sufficient for purposes of
the Suspended Counterparty Program.
Fannie Mae commented that
screening individual purchasers of
Fannie Mae-owned real estate (REO)
against the FHFA suspended
counterparty list would present
operational challenges. Fannie Mae
requested FHFA to state that such
screening is not required.
Final rule. The Suspended
Counterparty Program is not intended to
define the scope of a regulated entity’s
internal procedures to address risks
presented by fraud or other financial
misconduct. Each regulated entity must
establish appropriate procedures to
address such risks. The Suspended
Counterparty Program supplements the
efforts of the regulated entities; it does
not replace those efforts. For example,
the Suspended Counterparty Program
does not by itself require a regulated
entity to screen individual REO
purchasers against the FHFA suspended
counterparty list, but a regulated entity
may still do so if the regulated entity
determines that such screening would
be a prudent business practice.
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3. Timing of Reports
Current regulation. The current
regulation provides that the regulated
entities must submit reports to FHFA on
covered misconduct no later than ten
business days after the regulated entity
becomes aware of such misconduct. 12
CFR 1227.4(c).
Comments received. Fannie Mae
commented that ten business days is not
sufficient to complete its usual due
diligence and reasonable investigation
to confirm whether there is in fact
covered misconduct and whether or not
Fannie Mae is engaged in a covered
transaction with the reported party.
Fannie Mae noted that such
investigations typically rely on public
information that may not be available
within such timeframe. Fannie Mae
asked FHFA to extend the time for
submitting reports to 30 calendar days.
Final rule. FHFA recognizes that in
some instances ten business days may
not be sufficient to complete necessary
investigation or other due diligence.
Accordingly, the final rule revises the
time for submitting reports to 30
calendar days.
B. Timing Requirements for Covered
Transactions—§§ 1227.4, 1227.5 and
1227.6
Current regulation. The Suspended
Counterparty Program covers situations
where an individual or institution has
engaged in a covered transaction with a
regulated entity within the past three
years. The current regulation requires a
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regulated entity to report to FHFA when
it becomes aware that a person or
affiliate thereof with which the
regulated entity is engaging or has
engaged in a covered transaction within
the past three years has engaged in
covered misconduct. 12 CFR 1227.4(a).
The current regulation also provides
that a proposed or final order of
suspension may be issued if the
suspending official determines that
there is evidence that the regulated
entity has engaged in a covered
transaction with the person or affiliate
thereof within the past three years and
has engaged in covered misconduct. 12
CFR 1227.5(b)(1) and 1227.6(a)(1).
Comments received. Both Fannie Mae
and the Banks asked that the rule be
limited to current counterparties, not
counterparties with which they have
done business within the past three
years. The Banks indicated that their
current procedures for identifying
covered misconduct under the
Suspended Counterparty Program do
not address persons that have ceased
doing business with the Banks and
stated that requiring reports on such
persons would be unduly burdensome.
Fannie Mae commented that requiring
reports on covered misconduct
involving persons or institutions with
whom Fannie Mae no longer does
business would be an inefficient use of
resources. Fannie Mae noted that
requiring a regulated entity to research
whether a contract or agreement
terminated two or three or four years
ago would yield very little benefit and
would not fulfill the purposes of the
Suspended Counterparty Program.
Final rule. The final rule revises the
standard for issuing a proposed or final
suspension order to eliminate the
requirement that FHFA demonstrate
that the regulated entity has done
business with the individual or
institution within the past three years.
However, the final rule maintains the
requirement that a regulated entity
submit reports regarding any parties
with which it has done business within
the past three years.
FHFA recognizes that it may be
difficult for a regulated entity to
determine the exact date it ceased doing
business with a particular individual or
institution. In addition, documenting
the exact timing of the most recent
covered transaction is not necessary to
accomplish the purposes of the
Suspended Counterparty Program.
Suspension orders reflect a
determination by FHFA that doing
business with an individual or
institution presents a safety and
soundness risk to the regulated entities.
This determination is forward-looking
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79677
and does not depend on whether a
regulated entity has recently engaged in
a covered transaction. For those reasons,
the final rule eliminates the
requirements in §§ 1227.5(b)(1) and
1227.6(a)(1) that FHFA demonstrate that
a regulated entity has done business
with the individual or institution within
the past three years.
Although the final rule revises the
standard for whether FHFA may issue a
proposed or final suspension order, the
final rule maintains the requirement in
§ 1227.4(a) that the regulated entities
submit reports in appropriate cases,
even if they have already ceased doing
business with the individual or
institution. In many cases, a regulated
entity may take action to terminate its
relationship with a party before there
has been any conviction or
administrative sanction that would
trigger the reporting requirement under
the Suspended Counterparty Program.
In some cases, a regulated entity may
have stopped doing business with a
counterparty that is currently doing
business with another regulated entity
that is not yet aware of the covered
misconduct. Therefore, excluding those
cases from the coverage of the rule
would undermine the effectiveness of
the program.
To the extent records are available,
the regulated entities are encouraged to
submit reports on any individual or
institution that has engaged in covered
misconduct regardless of when the most
recent covered transaction took place.
However, recognizing the practical and
operational difficulty of determining
when the most recent transaction may
have occurred, the final rule only
requires a regulated entity to submit
reports regarding any parties with
which it has done business within the
past three years.
C. Definitions—§ 1227.2
1. Covered Transaction
Current regulation. The current
regulation defines ‘‘covered transaction’’
as ‘‘a contract, agreement, or financial or
business relationship between a
regulated entity and a person and any
affiliates thereof.’’ 12 CFR 1227.2. The
Federal Register notice accompanying
the interim final rule invited comments
on whether this definition should be
revised to include more explicit
standards. As an example, the notice
asked whether the rule should cover
‘‘lower tier covered transactions’’ to
address persons who may indirectly do
business with a regulated entity, such as
a subcontractor or other person
providing services to a party that does
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business directly with a regulated
entity. See 78 FR at 63009.
Comments received. The Banks
commented that the regulation should
not cover lower tier covered
transactions. The Banks indicated that it
would not be possible in all cases to
require their counterparties to ensure
that the counterparties did not do
business with any suspended party in
connection with a covered transaction
and that the Banks would be unable to
effectively monitor such a requirement
in cases where a counterparty did agree
to the requirement. The Banks
commented that it would be possible for
the Banks to encourage their
counterparties not to do business with
entities that have been suspended by
FHFA.
Fannie Mae commented that the
regulated entities should not be required
to directly ensure that a suspended
party does not do business indirectly
with a regulated entity. Fannie Mae
indicated that it would be operationally
difficult for Fannie Mae to attempt to
monitor such relationships between
third parties. Fannie Mae commented
that it could notify its counterparties of
any limitations imposed by FHFA on
such transactions, but it would not be
able to directly ensure compliance.
Fannie Mae also recommended that
the definition of ‘‘covered transaction’’
be limited to ‘‘contract or agreement’’
and not include other ‘‘financial or
business relationships.’’ Fannie Mae
stated that ‘‘financial or business
relationships’’ is redundant with
‘‘contract or agreement,’’ and that if it
was intended to capture something
beyond a contract or agreement, it is too
broad and ambiguous. Fannie Mae
expressed concern that ‘‘financial or
business relationships’’ could be
interpreted to include relationships
with service providers such as delivery
services for which Fannie Mae may
have an account but not necessarily a
contract or agreement, which it stated
would not advance the purposes of the
Suspended Counterparty Program.
Final rule. The final rule does not
revise the definition of ‘‘covered
transaction.’’ In many cases involving
mortgage fraud, a regulated entity that
has purchased a mortgage loan may be
directly affected by the fraud despite the
fact that none of the parties that engaged
in fraudulent conduct has a direct
relationship with the regulated entity.
However, FHFA recognizes that it
would be operationally difficult at this
time for the regulated entities to
effectively monitor relationships
between their counterparties and such
lower tier service providers. For that
reason, FHFA is not at this time
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requiring that the regulated entities
report on transactions between their
direct counterparties and lower tier
parties, or that the regulated entities
ensure that their direct counterparties
cease doing business with any lower tier
parties that have been suspended by
FHFA.
FHFA expects the regulated entities to
take all appropriate measures to address
the risks presented by mortgage fraud.
The scope of those measures may
depend in part on the nature of the
financial or business relationship
between the party and the regulated
entity. Limiting the definition of
‘‘covered transaction’’ to only a
‘‘contract or agreement,’’ as
recommended by Fannie Mae, would be
too restrictive and, thus, contrary to the
intent of the Suspended Counterparty
Program. FHFA intends the definition to
be flexible enough to encompass any
parties who present a particular risk to
the regulated entities, while still
excluding generic third party service
providers that are only incidentally
involved in mortgage-related
transactions, such as mail and package
delivery vendors.
While the final rule does not limit the
general definition of ‘‘covered
transaction’’ in response to the
comments received, the final rule limits
the scope of a final suspension order to
exclude one category of what otherwise
might be considered lower tier covered
transactions. FHFA does not intend
final suspension orders to prevent
respondents or their households from
obtaining mortgage financing for the
respondent’s own personal or
household residence. The final rule
adds a new paragraph (d) to § 1227.3
making clear that final suspension
orders do not have any effect on any
transaction involving a residential
mortgage loan if the loan is secured by
the respondent’s own personal or
household residence.
2. Affiliate
Current regulation. The current
regulation defines ‘‘affiliate’’ as a party
that controls or is controlled by another
person, whether directly or indirectly,
including situations where one or more
persons are controlled by the same third
person. 12 CFR 1227.2.
Comments received. The Banks
requested clarification of the definition
of ‘‘affiliate,’’ particularly on what
constitutes ‘‘control’’ for purposes of the
definition. The Banks indicated that
parent and subsidiary companies would
appear to be covered, but expressed
uncertainty over whether the definition
would include executive officers of a
company. The Banks also suggested that
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the definition of ‘‘covered misconduct’’
should be revised to refer to imputed
conduct ‘‘among persons’’ rather than
‘‘among affiliates.’’
Final rule. The final rule does not
change the definition of ‘‘affiliate,’’ and
it does not replace the reference to
‘‘affiliates’’ in the definition of ‘‘covered
misconduct.’’ FHFA intends the term
‘‘affiliate’’ to be interpreted broadly in
light of the specific provisions regarding
imputing conduct among affiliates in
the definition of ‘‘covered misconduct.’’
12 CFR 1227.2. The definition of
‘‘covered misconduct’’ makes clear that
FHFA may impute conduct from an
individual to an organization in
appropriate circumstances. In those
circumstances, FHFA would consider
the individual and organization to be
affiliates for purposes of the Suspended
Counterparty Program.
3. Covered Misconduct
Current regulation. The current
regulation defines ‘‘covered
misconduct’’ to include convictions or
administrative sanctions within the past
three years based on fraud or similar
misconduct in connection with the
mortgage business. The definition
provides that FHFA may impute
conduct among individuals and
organizations in appropriate
circumstances as provided in the rule.
12 CFR 1227.2.
Comments received. The Banks
supported defining ‘‘covered
misconduct’’ as limited to offenses in
connection with the mortgage business.
The Banks suggested restating the
definition of ‘‘covered misconduct’’ as
certain types of conduct resulting in
conviction or administrative sanction
rather than a conviction or
administrative sanction based on certain
types of conduct. The Banks suggested
that this would make clear that the
conduct being imputed is the conduct
that gave rise to the conviction or
administrative sanction and not the
conviction or administrative sanction
itself.
Final rule. The final rule does not
change the definition of ‘‘covered
misconduct.’’ FHFA does not engage in
independent fact-finding regarding the
conduct underlying a conviction or
administrative sanction covered by the
rule. The current regulation reflects this
approach by defining ‘‘covered
misconduct’’ explicitly in terms of
convictions and administrative
sanctions. Where FHFA proceeds with a
proposed or final suspension with
respect to an affiliate, FHFA is imputing
not just the underlying conduct, but the
‘‘covered misconduct’’ as defined in the
rule.
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4. Administrative Sanctions
Current regulation. The current
regulation defines ‘‘administrative
sanction’’ as a debarment, suspension,
or any similar administrative sanction
imposed by a Federal agency that has
the effect of limiting the ability of a
person to do business with a Federal
agency. 12 CFR 1227.2. The definition
includes any settlements of a proposed
administrative sanction if the settlement
has the same effect. The Federal
Register notice accompanying the
interim final rule requested comment on
whether the definition should include
other types of administrative sanctions,
such as enforcement actions by other
financial institution regulators. See 78
FR at 63009.
Comments received. Fannie Mae
commented that the definition in the
current regulation is appropriate and
sufficiently broad and, therefore, should
not be expanded to include enforcement
actions by other financial institution
regulators.
Final rule. The final rule does not
change the definition of ‘‘administrative
sanction’’ to include other types of
administrative sanctions, such as
enforcement actions by other financial
regulators. The Suspended Counterparty
Program is a limited measure intended
to reduce the risks to the regulated
entities from fraud and other financial
misconduct. Other kinds of
administrative actions may or may not
be related to the goals of the Suspended
Counterparty Program. FHFA may
consider expanding the definition of
‘‘administrative sanction’’ in the future,
but only in appropriate circumstances
related to the goals of the Suspended
Counterparty Program.
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5. Conviction
Current regulation. The current
regulation defines ‘‘conviction’’ as any
judgment or other determination of guilt
of a criminal offense by a court of
competent jurisdiction, or any other
functionally equivalent resolution. 12
CFR 1227.2. The definition includes
judgments entered by verdict or based
on a guilty plea. Other dispositions,
such as probation before judgment or
deferred prosecution, are also included
if they include an admission of guilt.
Comments received. The Banks asked
that FHFA state that ‘‘a court of
competent jurisdiction’’ is limited to
courts of the United States of America
and does not include courts in foreign
jurisdictions.
Final rule. The final rule does not
change the definition of ‘‘conviction.’’
FHFA intends the definition of
conviction to encompass both state and
VerDate Sep<11>2014
16:43 Dec 22, 2015
Jkt 238001
federal courts. FHFA has not received
any reports to date based on a
conviction from a court outside the
United States. If FHFA receives any
such report in the future, FHFA will
further evaluate the report to determine
whether any additional action is
necessary or appropriate.
D. Written Notice of Proposed
Suspension
Current regulation. The current
regulation provides that if the
suspending official determines that
there are grounds for a proposed
suspension order, the suspending
official ‘‘may’’ issue a written notice of
proposed suspension. 12 CFR 1227.5(c).
Comments received. The Banks
commented that a written notice of
proposed suspension is necessary to
enable affected parties to respond. The
Banks, therefore, recommended that
issuance of a written suspension notice
should be mandatory where a
suspending official finds grounds for
such issuance.
Final rule. The final rule does not
change this provision of the regulation.
The use of the permissive ‘‘may’’ rather
than the mandatory ‘‘shall’’ in this
sentence is appropriate because the
decision to propose suspension is a
discretionary decision by FHFA. For
example, the suspending official may
determine that there are grounds for a
proposed suspension order but that for
other reasons a proposed suspension is
not appropriate. The existing provision
correctly expresses the discretionary
nature of the decision to propose
suspension. If the suspending official
decides that a written notice of
proposed suspension should be issued
to the affected person, the suspending
official must provide notice of the
proposed suspension to each of the
regulated entities as well.
While the final rule does not change
the substance of this provision, the final
rule clarifies the method of sending a
notice of proposed suspension. Under
the final rule, a notice of proposed
suspension will be sent to an affiliate of
a respondent only if the affiliate would
be subject to the proposed suspension.
The final rule also makes technical
drafting changes to the language on the
method of sending notices for greater
clarity.
E. Scope of Final Suspension Orders
Current regulation. The current
regulation provides that a final
suspension order may be issued
directing the regulated entities to cease
or refrain from engaging in covered
transactions ‘‘with a particular person
PO 00000
Frm 00025
Fmt 4700
Sfmt 4700
79679
and any affiliates thereof.’’ 12 CFR
1227.3(a).
Comments received. The Banks
commented that this language should be
revised to clarify that each suspended
affiliate will be identified in the
suspension order. The Banks noted that
it is difficult, if not impossible, for the
regulated entities to know the full extent
of the affiliates of any given entity.
Final rule. The final rule does not
change this provision of the regulation.
Section 1227.6(f)(2)(ii) states that each
final suspension order must identify
‘‘each person and any affiliates thereof
to which the suspension applies.’’ It is
not necessary to restate this requirement
in § 1227.3(a).
F. Status of Previous FHFA Guidance
Comments received. The Banks
requested that, in order to eliminate
potential conflicts of interpretation,
FHFA state that any FHFA guidance
issued prior to the interim final rule has
been superseded by the interim final
rule. The Banks also asked whether
existing FHFA reporting forms should
continue to be used for submitting
reports.
Final rule. The Suspended
Counterparty Program was established
in June 2012 by letter to the regulated
entities. Prior to publication of the
interim final rule on October 23, 2013,
FHFA adopted procedures for the
regulated entities to submit reports and
provided informal guidance on the
scope of the reporting obligations. While
the interim final rule generally codified
the existing procedures for the
Suspended Counterparty Program, to
avoid unnecessary confusion, FHFA
views any guidance issued prior to the
effective date of the interim final rule as
superseded. FHFA may respond to
questions from the regulated entities
about implementation and
interpretation of the final rule, and
FHFA may provide written guidance on
specific issues as appropriate.
III. Consideration of Differences
Between the Banks and the Enterprises
Section 1313(f) of the Federal Housing
Enterprises Financial Safety and
Soundness Act requires FHFA, when
promulgating regulations relating to the
Banks, to consider the differences
between Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac
(collectively, the Enterprises) and the
Banks with respect to the Banks’:
cooperative ownership structure;
mission of providing liquidity to
members; affordable housing and
community development mission;
capital structure; joint and several
liability; and any other differences
FHFA considers appropriate. See 12
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23DER1
79680
Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 246 / Wednesday, December 23, 2015 / Rules and Regulations
U.S.C. 4513(f). In preparing this final
rule, FHFA considered the differences
between the Banks and the Enterprises
as they relate to the above factors and
determined that the Banks should not be
treated differently from the Enterprises
for purposes of the final rule.
IV. Paperwork Reduction Act
The final rule does not contain any
information collection requirement that
requires the approval of the Office of
Management and Budget (OMB) under
the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C.
3501 et seq.). Therefore, FHFA has not
submitted any information to OMB for
review.
V. Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5
U.S.C. 601 et seq.) requires that a
regulation that has a significant
economic impact on a substantial
number of small entities, small
businesses, or small organizations must
include a regulatory flexibility analysis
describing the regulation’s impact on
small entities. Such an analysis need
not be undertaken if the agency has
certified that the regulation will not
have a significant economic impact on
a substantial number of small entities. 5
U.S.C. 605(b). FHFA has considered the
impact of this final rule under the
Regulatory Flexibility Act. FHFA
certifies that the final rule will not have
a significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities
because the regulation applies to Fannie
Mae, Freddie Mac, and the Banks,
which are not small entities for
purposes of the Regulatory Flexibility
Act.
List of Subjects in 12 CFR Part 1227
Administrative practice and
procedure, Federal home loan banks,
Government-sponsored enterprises,
Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.
§ 1227.3
Scope of suspension orders.
*
*
*
*
*
(d) No effect on residential mortgage
loans secured by respondent’s own
personal or household residence. A final
suspension order issued pursuant to this
part shall have no effect on any
transaction involving a residential
mortgage loan if the loan is secured by
the respondent’s own personal or
household residence.
§ 1227.4
3. Amend § 1227.4(c)(1) by removing
the phrase ‘‘ten (10) business days’’ and
adding in its place the phrase ‘‘thirty
(30) calendar days’’.
[Amended]
4. Amend § 1227.5 by
a. Removing the phrase ‘‘regulated
entity is engaging or engaged in a
covered transaction with the person or
any affiliates thereof within the past
three (3) years and the’’ from paragraph
(b)(1).
■ b. Revising paragraph (e) to read as
follows:
■
■
§ 1227.5
Proposed suspension order.
*
*
*
*
*
(e) Method of sending notice. The
suspending official shall send the notice
of proposed suspension to the last
known street address, facsimile number,
or email address of:
(1) The person, the person’s counsel,
or an agent for service of process; and
(2) Any affiliates of the person, the
counsel for those affiliates, or an agent
for service of process, if suspension is
also being proposed for such affiliates.
*
*
*
*
*
§ 1227.6
[Amended]
5. Amend § 1227.6(a)(1) by removing
the phrase ‘‘regulated entity is engaging
or has engaged in a covered transaction
within the past three (3) years with the
respondent, and the’’.
asabaliauskas on DSK5VPTVN1PROD with RULES
Authority and Issuance
Accordingly, for the reasons stated in
the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION, under
the authority of 12 U.S.C. 4513, 4513b,
4514, and 4526, FHFA is adopting as
final the interim final rule published at
78 FR 63007 (October 23, 2013) with the
following changes:
■
PART 1227—SUSPENDED
COUNTERPARTY PROGRAM
[FR Doc. 2015–32183 Filed 12–22–15; 8:45 am]
Dated: December 15, 2015.
Melvin L. Watt,
Director, Federal Housing Finance Agency.
BILLING CODE 8070–01–P
1. The authority citation for part 1227
continues to read as follows:
■
2. Amend § 1227.3 by adding
paragraph (d) to read as follows:
Jkt 238001
[Docket No. FAA–2015–6002; Airspace
Docket No. 15–ANM–26]
RIN 2120–AA66
Removal of Jet Route J–477;
Northwestern United States
Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final rule.
This action removes jet route
J–477 in the northwest United States.
The FAA is taking this action to reflect
and accommodate the decommissioning
of the Medicine Hat VHF
omnidirectional range (VOR) in Alberta,
Canada.
DATES: Effective date 0901 UTC, March
31, 2016. The Director of the Federal
Register approves this incorporation by
reference action under title 1, Code of
Federal Regulations, part 51, subject to
the annual revision of FAA, Order
7400.9 and publication of conforming
amendments.
SUMMARY:
FAA Order 7400.9Z,
Airspace Designations and Reporting
Points, and subsequent amendments can
be viewed online at https://www.faa.gov/
air_traffic/publications/. For further
information, you can contact the
Airspace Policy Group, Federal Aviation
Administration, 800 Independence
Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20591;
telephone: (202) 267–8783. The Order is
also available for inspection at the
National Archives and Records
Administration (NARA). For
information on the availability of FAA
Order 7400.9Z at NARA, call (202) 741–
6030, or go to https://www.archives.gov/
federal_register/code_of_federalregulations/ibr_locations.html.
FAA Order 7400.9, Airspace
Designations and Reporting Points, is
published yearly and effective on
September 15.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Jason Stahl, Airspace Policy Group,
Office of Airspace Services, Federal
Aviation Administration, 800
Independence Avenue SW.,
Washington, DC 20591; telephone: (202)
267–8783.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
ADDRESSES:
The FAA’s authority to issue rules
regarding aviation safety is found in
Title 49 of the United States Code.
Subtitle I, Section 106 describes the
■
16:43 Dec 22, 2015
14 CFR Part 71
Authority for This Rulemaking
Authority: 12 U.S.C. 4513, 4513b, 4514,
4526.
VerDate Sep<11>2014
Federal Aviation Administration
AGENCY:
[Amended]
■
§ 1227.5
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
PO 00000
Frm 00026
Fmt 4700
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E:\FR\FM\23DER1.SGM
23DER1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 246 (Wednesday, December 23, 2015)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 79675-79680]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2015-32183]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE AGENCY
12 CFR Part 1227
RIN 2590-AA60
Suspended Counterparty Program
AGENCY: Federal Housing Finance Agency.
ACTION: Final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: This final rule establishes requirements and procedures for
the Federal Housing Finance Agency's (FHFA) Suspended Counterparty
Program. Under the Suspended Counterparty Program, FHFA may issue
suspension orders directing the regulated entities (Fannie Mae, Freddie
Mac, and the eleven Federal Home Loan Banks (Banks)) to cease doing
business with an individual or institution, and any affiliate thereof,
for a specified period of time where such party has committed fraud or
other financial misconduct involving a mortgage transaction.
The final rule revises the interim final rule published on October
23, 2013. The final rule excludes from the types of covered
transactions that would be subject to a final suspension order any
transaction involving a residential mortgage loan if the loan is
secured by the respondent's own personal or
[[Page 79676]]
household residence. The final rule provides more time than the interim
final regulation provided for the regulated entities to submit reports
to FHFA when they become aware that any individual or institution, and
any affiliate thereof, with which they do business, has committed fraud
or other financial misconduct involving a mortgage transaction. The
final rule also simplifies the standard for issuing suspension orders
by eliminating the requirement that FHFA demonstrate that the regulated
entity has done business with the individual or institution within the
past three years. Finally, the final rule clarifies the method of
issuing notices of proposed suspension orders with respect to
affiliates.
DATES: The final rule is effective January 22, 2016.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kevin Sheehan, Associate General
Counsel, at (202) 649-3086 (not a toll-free number), Federal Housing
Finance Agency, Eighth Floor, 400 Seventh Street SW., Washington, DC
20219. The telephone number for the Hearing Impaired is (800) 877-8339
(TDD only).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
The Suspended Counterparty Program requires a regulated entity to
submit a report to FHFA if it becomes aware that an individual or
institution with which it does business has been found within the past
three years to have committed fraud or other financial misconduct
involving a mortgage transaction. FHFA may issue proposed and final
suspension orders based on the reports it has received from the
regulated entities or based on other information. FHFA offers the
affected individual or institution and the regulated entities an
opportunity to respond to any proposed suspension order. FHFA may issue
a final suspension order if FHFA determines that the underlying
misconduct is of a type that would be likely to cause significant
financial or reputational harm to a regulated entity or otherwise
threaten the safe and sound operation of a regulated entity. Final
suspension orders direct the regulated entities to cease or refrain
from doing business with the suspended individuals or institutions for
a specified period of time, which may be permanent in appropriate
cases.
FHFA established the Suspended Counterparty Program in June 2012 by
letter to the regulated entities. The requirements and procedures for
the Suspended Counterparty Program were generally codified by the
interim final rule published on October 23, 2013. 78 FR 63007. FHFA
received two comment letters on the interim final rule: one from Fannie
Mae; and one from eleven of the then twelve Banks \1\ (the Pittsburgh
Bank did not join in the comment letter). The current regulation, the
comments received, and the final rule are discussed below.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The Federal Home Loan Bank of Seattle merged into the
Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines as of the close of business on
May 31, 2015.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. Analysis of Final Rule
A. Requirement to Submit Reports--Sec. 1227.4
1. Scope of Reporting Requirements
Current regulation. The current regulation requires a regulated
entity to submit a report to FHFA when the regulated entity becomes
aware that a person or affiliate thereof with which the regulated
entity is engaging or has engaged in a covered transaction within the
past three years has engaged in covered misconduct. A regulated entity
is aware of covered misconduct when the regulated entity has reliable
information that such misconduct has occurred. 12 CFR 1227.4(a).
``Covered misconduct'' is defined to include convictions or
administrative sanctions based on fraud or similar misconduct in
connection with the mortgage business. 12 CFR 1227.2. The Federal
Register notice accompanying the interim final rule states that the
regulated entities are not required to conduct any independent
investigation of the underlying conduct. See 78 FR at 63009.
Comments received. The Banks supported the requirement in the
current regulation for reporting to FHFA when they ``become aware'' of
covered misconduct based on ``reliable information.'' However, the
Banks asked that FHFA provide additional guidance on the scope of their
reporting obligations with respect to ``reliable information.'' The
Banks recommended that the rule language indicate that the regulated
entities are not required to conduct any independent investigation of
the conduct underlying covered misconduct. The Banks also asked that
the rule language indicate that the regulated entities are not required
to research possible affiliate relationships, stating that it would be
difficult, if not impossible, to know the full extent of the affiliates
of any given entity.
The Banks asked FHFA to state that the regulated entities would not
be required to conduct any docket searches for convictions or to
monitor federal agency notices of debarment. The Banks also recommended
that the reporting requirements not apply where a regulated entity
becomes aware of covered misconduct through national news reporting or
by an announcement or action taken by a federal agency, stating that
such information would be accessible to FHFA as well as the regulated
entities and all regulated entities should not have to report on the
same, widely known conduct. The Banks further recommended that the
reporting requirements not apply to any information about covered
misconduct that a regulated entity discovers in reviewing a member's
examination report. The Banks stated that their review of such reports
is subject to confidentiality agreements with federal financial
regulators that limit their ability to disclose any information in the
reports without the express written consent of the regulator.
Final rule. The final rule does not change the scope of the
reporting requirements under the Suspended Counterparty Program. A
regulated entity is required to submit a report to FHFA regarding only
covered misconduct of which the regulated entity is aware. The extent
of any regulated entity's efforts in evaluating counterparties or
addressing potential mortgage fraud is a prudential matter for the
regulated entity, subject to regular supervision by FHFA. The Suspended
Counterparty Program is not intended to require additional review or
investigation by a regulated entity, nor is it intended to take the
place of any review or investigation that a regulated entity would
otherwise engage in.
With respect to the comment regarding confidential examination
information, the Suspended Counterparty Program is limited to
convictions or administrative sanctions for fraud or other financial
misconduct related to mortgage transactions. Records regarding any such
actions would be publicly available, so it is not necessary to revise
this rule to address confidential examination information.
2. Scope of Screening
Current regulation. The Federal Register notice accompanying the
interim final rule states that the rule does not specify the internal
procedures that each regulated entity must establish to ensure
compliance with the reporting requirements under the rule. See 78 FR at
63009.
Comments received. The Banks indicated that they have existing
procedures for screening against the U.S. Treasury Department's Office
of Foreign Assets Control's list. The Banks requested that FHFA state
that such
[[Page 79677]]
procedures are sufficient for purposes of the Suspended Counterparty
Program.
Fannie Mae commented that screening individual purchasers of Fannie
Mae-owned real estate (REO) against the FHFA suspended counterparty
list would present operational challenges. Fannie Mae requested FHFA to
state that such screening is not required.
Final rule. The Suspended Counterparty Program is not intended to
define the scope of a regulated entity's internal procedures to address
risks presented by fraud or other financial misconduct. Each regulated
entity must establish appropriate procedures to address such risks. The
Suspended Counterparty Program supplements the efforts of the regulated
entities; it does not replace those efforts. For example, the Suspended
Counterparty Program does not by itself require a regulated entity to
screen individual REO purchasers against the FHFA suspended
counterparty list, but a regulated entity may still do so if the
regulated entity determines that such screening would be a prudent
business practice.
3. Timing of Reports
Current regulation. The current regulation provides that the
regulated entities must submit reports to FHFA on covered misconduct no
later than ten business days after the regulated entity becomes aware
of such misconduct. 12 CFR 1227.4(c).
Comments received. Fannie Mae commented that ten business days is
not sufficient to complete its usual due diligence and reasonable
investigation to confirm whether there is in fact covered misconduct
and whether or not Fannie Mae is engaged in a covered transaction with
the reported party. Fannie Mae noted that such investigations typically
rely on public information that may not be available within such
timeframe. Fannie Mae asked FHFA to extend the time for submitting
reports to 30 calendar days.
Final rule. FHFA recognizes that in some instances ten business
days may not be sufficient to complete necessary investigation or other
due diligence. Accordingly, the final rule revises the time for
submitting reports to 30 calendar days.
B. Timing Requirements for Covered Transactions--Sec. Sec. 1227.4,
1227.5 and 1227.6
Current regulation. The Suspended Counterparty Program covers
situations where an individual or institution has engaged in a covered
transaction with a regulated entity within the past three years. The
current regulation requires a regulated entity to report to FHFA when
it becomes aware that a person or affiliate thereof with which the
regulated entity is engaging or has engaged in a covered transaction
within the past three years has engaged in covered misconduct. 12 CFR
1227.4(a). The current regulation also provides that a proposed or
final order of suspension may be issued if the suspending official
determines that there is evidence that the regulated entity has engaged
in a covered transaction with the person or affiliate thereof within
the past three years and has engaged in covered misconduct. 12 CFR
1227.5(b)(1) and 1227.6(a)(1).
Comments received. Both Fannie Mae and the Banks asked that the
rule be limited to current counterparties, not counterparties with
which they have done business within the past three years. The Banks
indicated that their current procedures for identifying covered
misconduct under the Suspended Counterparty Program do not address
persons that have ceased doing business with the Banks and stated that
requiring reports on such persons would be unduly burdensome. Fannie
Mae commented that requiring reports on covered misconduct involving
persons or institutions with whom Fannie Mae no longer does business
would be an inefficient use of resources. Fannie Mae noted that
requiring a regulated entity to research whether a contract or
agreement terminated two or three or four years ago would yield very
little benefit and would not fulfill the purposes of the Suspended
Counterparty Program.
Final rule. The final rule revises the standard for issuing a
proposed or final suspension order to eliminate the requirement that
FHFA demonstrate that the regulated entity has done business with the
individual or institution within the past three years. However, the
final rule maintains the requirement that a regulated entity submit
reports regarding any parties with which it has done business within
the past three years.
FHFA recognizes that it may be difficult for a regulated entity to
determine the exact date it ceased doing business with a particular
individual or institution. In addition, documenting the exact timing of
the most recent covered transaction is not necessary to accomplish the
purposes of the Suspended Counterparty Program. Suspension orders
reflect a determination by FHFA that doing business with an individual
or institution presents a safety and soundness risk to the regulated
entities. This determination is forward-looking and does not depend on
whether a regulated entity has recently engaged in a covered
transaction. For those reasons, the final rule eliminates the
requirements in Sec. Sec. 1227.5(b)(1) and 1227.6(a)(1) that FHFA
demonstrate that a regulated entity has done business with the
individual or institution within the past three years.
Although the final rule revises the standard for whether FHFA may
issue a proposed or final suspension order, the final rule maintains
the requirement in Sec. 1227.4(a) that the regulated entities submit
reports in appropriate cases, even if they have already ceased doing
business with the individual or institution. In many cases, a regulated
entity may take action to terminate its relationship with a party
before there has been any conviction or administrative sanction that
would trigger the reporting requirement under the Suspended
Counterparty Program. In some cases, a regulated entity may have
stopped doing business with a counterparty that is currently doing
business with another regulated entity that is not yet aware of the
covered misconduct. Therefore, excluding those cases from the coverage
of the rule would undermine the effectiveness of the program.
To the extent records are available, the regulated entities are
encouraged to submit reports on any individual or institution that has
engaged in covered misconduct regardless of when the most recent
covered transaction took place. However, recognizing the practical and
operational difficulty of determining when the most recent transaction
may have occurred, the final rule only requires a regulated entity to
submit reports regarding any parties with which it has done business
within the past three years.
C. Definitions--Sec. 1227.2
1. Covered Transaction
Current regulation. The current regulation defines ``covered
transaction'' as ``a contract, agreement, or financial or business
relationship between a regulated entity and a person and any affiliates
thereof.'' 12 CFR 1227.2. The Federal Register notice accompanying the
interim final rule invited comments on whether this definition should
be revised to include more explicit standards. As an example, the
notice asked whether the rule should cover ``lower tier covered
transactions'' to address persons who may indirectly do business with a
regulated entity, such as a subcontractor or other person providing
services to a party that does
[[Page 79678]]
business directly with a regulated entity. See 78 FR at 63009.
Comments received. The Banks commented that the regulation should
not cover lower tier covered transactions. The Banks indicated that it
would not be possible in all cases to require their counterparties to
ensure that the counterparties did not do business with any suspended
party in connection with a covered transaction and that the Banks would
be unable to effectively monitor such a requirement in cases where a
counterparty did agree to the requirement. The Banks commented that it
would be possible for the Banks to encourage their counterparties not
to do business with entities that have been suspended by FHFA.
Fannie Mae commented that the regulated entities should not be
required to directly ensure that a suspended party does not do business
indirectly with a regulated entity. Fannie Mae indicated that it would
be operationally difficult for Fannie Mae to attempt to monitor such
relationships between third parties. Fannie Mae commented that it could
notify its counterparties of any limitations imposed by FHFA on such
transactions, but it would not be able to directly ensure compliance.
Fannie Mae also recommended that the definition of ``covered
transaction'' be limited to ``contract or agreement'' and not include
other ``financial or business relationships.'' Fannie Mae stated that
``financial or business relationships'' is redundant with ``contract or
agreement,'' and that if it was intended to capture something beyond a
contract or agreement, it is too broad and ambiguous. Fannie Mae
expressed concern that ``financial or business relationships'' could be
interpreted to include relationships with service providers such as
delivery services for which Fannie Mae may have an account but not
necessarily a contract or agreement, which it stated would not advance
the purposes of the Suspended Counterparty Program.
Final rule. The final rule does not revise the definition of
``covered transaction.'' In many cases involving mortgage fraud, a
regulated entity that has purchased a mortgage loan may be directly
affected by the fraud despite the fact that none of the parties that
engaged in fraudulent conduct has a direct relationship with the
regulated entity. However, FHFA recognizes that it would be
operationally difficult at this time for the regulated entities to
effectively monitor relationships between their counterparties and such
lower tier service providers. For that reason, FHFA is not at this time
requiring that the regulated entities report on transactions between
their direct counterparties and lower tier parties, or that the
regulated entities ensure that their direct counterparties cease doing
business with any lower tier parties that have been suspended by FHFA.
FHFA expects the regulated entities to take all appropriate
measures to address the risks presented by mortgage fraud. The scope of
those measures may depend in part on the nature of the financial or
business relationship between the party and the regulated entity.
Limiting the definition of ``covered transaction'' to only a ``contract
or agreement,'' as recommended by Fannie Mae, would be too restrictive
and, thus, contrary to the intent of the Suspended Counterparty
Program. FHFA intends the definition to be flexible enough to encompass
any parties who present a particular risk to the regulated entities,
while still excluding generic third party service providers that are
only incidentally involved in mortgage-related transactions, such as
mail and package delivery vendors.
While the final rule does not limit the general definition of
``covered transaction'' in response to the comments received, the final
rule limits the scope of a final suspension order to exclude one
category of what otherwise might be considered lower tier covered
transactions. FHFA does not intend final suspension orders to prevent
respondents or their households from obtaining mortgage financing for
the respondent's own personal or household residence. The final rule
adds a new paragraph (d) to Sec. 1227.3 making clear that final
suspension orders do not have any effect on any transaction involving a
residential mortgage loan if the loan is secured by the respondent's
own personal or household residence.
2. Affiliate
Current regulation. The current regulation defines ``affiliate'' as
a party that controls or is controlled by another person, whether
directly or indirectly, including situations where one or more persons
are controlled by the same third person. 12 CFR 1227.2.
Comments received. The Banks requested clarification of the
definition of ``affiliate,'' particularly on what constitutes
``control'' for purposes of the definition. The Banks indicated that
parent and subsidiary companies would appear to be covered, but
expressed uncertainty over whether the definition would include
executive officers of a company. The Banks also suggested that the
definition of ``covered misconduct'' should be revised to refer to
imputed conduct ``among persons'' rather than ``among affiliates.''
Final rule. The final rule does not change the definition of
``affiliate,'' and it does not replace the reference to ``affiliates''
in the definition of ``covered misconduct.'' FHFA intends the term
``affiliate'' to be interpreted broadly in light of the specific
provisions regarding imputing conduct among affiliates in the
definition of ``covered misconduct.'' 12 CFR 1227.2. The definition of
``covered misconduct'' makes clear that FHFA may impute conduct from an
individual to an organization in appropriate circumstances. In those
circumstances, FHFA would consider the individual and organization to
be affiliates for purposes of the Suspended Counterparty Program.
3. Covered Misconduct
Current regulation. The current regulation defines ``covered
misconduct'' to include convictions or administrative sanctions within
the past three years based on fraud or similar misconduct in connection
with the mortgage business. The definition provides that FHFA may
impute conduct among individuals and organizations in appropriate
circumstances as provided in the rule. 12 CFR 1227.2.
Comments received. The Banks supported defining ``covered
misconduct'' as limited to offenses in connection with the mortgage
business. The Banks suggested restating the definition of ``covered
misconduct'' as certain types of conduct resulting in conviction or
administrative sanction rather than a conviction or administrative
sanction based on certain types of conduct. The Banks suggested that
this would make clear that the conduct being imputed is the conduct
that gave rise to the conviction or administrative sanction and not the
conviction or administrative sanction itself.
Final rule. The final rule does not change the definition of
``covered misconduct.'' FHFA does not engage in independent fact-
finding regarding the conduct underlying a conviction or administrative
sanction covered by the rule. The current regulation reflects this
approach by defining ``covered misconduct'' explicitly in terms of
convictions and administrative sanctions. Where FHFA proceeds with a
proposed or final suspension with respect to an affiliate, FHFA is
imputing not just the underlying conduct, but the ``covered
misconduct'' as defined in the rule.
[[Page 79679]]
4. Administrative Sanctions
Current regulation. The current regulation defines ``administrative
sanction'' as a debarment, suspension, or any similar administrative
sanction imposed by a Federal agency that has the effect of limiting
the ability of a person to do business with a Federal agency. 12 CFR
1227.2. The definition includes any settlements of a proposed
administrative sanction if the settlement has the same effect. The
Federal Register notice accompanying the interim final rule requested
comment on whether the definition should include other types of
administrative sanctions, such as enforcement actions by other
financial institution regulators. See 78 FR at 63009.
Comments received. Fannie Mae commented that the definition in the
current regulation is appropriate and sufficiently broad and,
therefore, should not be expanded to include enforcement actions by
other financial institution regulators.
Final rule. The final rule does not change the definition of
``administrative sanction'' to include other types of administrative
sanctions, such as enforcement actions by other financial regulators.
The Suspended Counterparty Program is a limited measure intended to
reduce the risks to the regulated entities from fraud and other
financial misconduct. Other kinds of administrative actions may or may
not be related to the goals of the Suspended Counterparty Program. FHFA
may consider expanding the definition of ``administrative sanction'' in
the future, but only in appropriate circumstances related to the goals
of the Suspended Counterparty Program.
5. Conviction
Current regulation. The current regulation defines ``conviction''
as any judgment or other determination of guilt of a criminal offense
by a court of competent jurisdiction, or any other functionally
equivalent resolution. 12 CFR 1227.2. The definition includes judgments
entered by verdict or based on a guilty plea. Other dispositions, such
as probation before judgment or deferred prosecution, are also included
if they include an admission of guilt.
Comments received. The Banks asked that FHFA state that ``a court
of competent jurisdiction'' is limited to courts of the United States
of America and does not include courts in foreign jurisdictions.
Final rule. The final rule does not change the definition of
``conviction.'' FHFA intends the definition of conviction to encompass
both state and federal courts. FHFA has not received any reports to
date based on a conviction from a court outside the United States. If
FHFA receives any such report in the future, FHFA will further evaluate
the report to determine whether any additional action is necessary or
appropriate.
D. Written Notice of Proposed Suspension
Current regulation. The current regulation provides that if the
suspending official determines that there are grounds for a proposed
suspension order, the suspending official ``may'' issue a written
notice of proposed suspension. 12 CFR 1227.5(c).
Comments received. The Banks commented that a written notice of
proposed suspension is necessary to enable affected parties to respond.
The Banks, therefore, recommended that issuance of a written suspension
notice should be mandatory where a suspending official finds grounds
for such issuance.
Final rule. The final rule does not change this provision of the
regulation. The use of the permissive ``may'' rather than the mandatory
``shall'' in this sentence is appropriate because the decision to
propose suspension is a discretionary decision by FHFA. For example,
the suspending official may determine that there are grounds for a
proposed suspension order but that for other reasons a proposed
suspension is not appropriate. The existing provision correctly
expresses the discretionary nature of the decision to propose
suspension. If the suspending official decides that a written notice of
proposed suspension should be issued to the affected person, the
suspending official must provide notice of the proposed suspension to
each of the regulated entities as well.
While the final rule does not change the substance of this
provision, the final rule clarifies the method of sending a notice of
proposed suspension. Under the final rule, a notice of proposed
suspension will be sent to an affiliate of a respondent only if the
affiliate would be subject to the proposed suspension. The final rule
also makes technical drafting changes to the language on the method of
sending notices for greater clarity.
E. Scope of Final Suspension Orders
Current regulation. The current regulation provides that a final
suspension order may be issued directing the regulated entities to
cease or refrain from engaging in covered transactions ``with a
particular person and any affiliates thereof.'' 12 CFR 1227.3(a).
Comments received. The Banks commented that this language should be
revised to clarify that each suspended affiliate will be identified in
the suspension order. The Banks noted that it is difficult, if not
impossible, for the regulated entities to know the full extent of the
affiliates of any given entity.
Final rule. The final rule does not change this provision of the
regulation. Section 1227.6(f)(2)(ii) states that each final suspension
order must identify ``each person and any affiliates thereof to which
the suspension applies.'' It is not necessary to restate this
requirement in Sec. 1227.3(a).
F. Status of Previous FHFA Guidance
Comments received. The Banks requested that, in order to eliminate
potential conflicts of interpretation, FHFA state that any FHFA
guidance issued prior to the interim final rule has been superseded by
the interim final rule. The Banks also asked whether existing FHFA
reporting forms should continue to be used for submitting reports.
Final rule. The Suspended Counterparty Program was established in
June 2012 by letter to the regulated entities. Prior to publication of
the interim final rule on October 23, 2013, FHFA adopted procedures for
the regulated entities to submit reports and provided informal guidance
on the scope of the reporting obligations. While the interim final rule
generally codified the existing procedures for the Suspended
Counterparty Program, to avoid unnecessary confusion, FHFA views any
guidance issued prior to the effective date of the interim final rule
as superseded. FHFA may respond to questions from the regulated
entities about implementation and interpretation of the final rule, and
FHFA may provide written guidance on specific issues as appropriate.
III. Consideration of Differences Between the Banks and the Enterprises
Section 1313(f) of the Federal Housing Enterprises Financial Safety
and Soundness Act requires FHFA, when promulgating regulations relating
to the Banks, to consider the differences between Fannie Mae and
Freddie Mac (collectively, the Enterprises) and the Banks with respect
to the Banks': cooperative ownership structure; mission of providing
liquidity to members; affordable housing and community development
mission; capital structure; joint and several liability; and any other
differences FHFA considers appropriate. See 12
[[Page 79680]]
U.S.C. 4513(f). In preparing this final rule, FHFA considered the
differences between the Banks and the Enterprises as they relate to the
above factors and determined that the Banks should not be treated
differently from the Enterprises for purposes of the final rule.
IV. Paperwork Reduction Act
The final rule does not contain any information collection
requirement that requires the approval of the Office of Management and
Budget (OMB) under the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et
seq.). Therefore, FHFA has not submitted any information to OMB for
review.
V. Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) requires that
a regulation that has a significant economic impact on a substantial
number of small entities, small businesses, or small organizations must
include a regulatory flexibility analysis describing the regulation's
impact on small entities. Such an analysis need not be undertaken if
the agency has certified that the regulation will not have a
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.
5 U.S.C. 605(b). FHFA has considered the impact of this final rule
under the Regulatory Flexibility Act. FHFA certifies that the final
rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial
number of small entities because the regulation applies to Fannie Mae,
Freddie Mac, and the Banks, which are not small entities for purposes
of the Regulatory Flexibility Act.
List of Subjects in 12 CFR Part 1227
Administrative practice and procedure, Federal home loan banks,
Government-sponsored enterprises, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.
Authority and Issuance
Accordingly, for the reasons stated in the SUPPLEMENTARY
INFORMATION, under the authority of 12 U.S.C. 4513, 4513b, 4514, and
4526, FHFA is adopting as final the interim final rule published at 78
FR 63007 (October 23, 2013) with the following changes:
PART 1227--SUSPENDED COUNTERPARTY PROGRAM
0
1. The authority citation for part 1227 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 12 U.S.C. 4513, 4513b, 4514, 4526.
0
2. Amend Sec. 1227.3 by adding paragraph (d) to read as follows:
Sec. 1227.3 Scope of suspension orders.
* * * * *
(d) No effect on residential mortgage loans secured by respondent's
own personal or household residence. A final suspension order issued
pursuant to this part shall have no effect on any transaction involving
a residential mortgage loan if the loan is secured by the respondent's
own personal or household residence.
Sec. 1227.4 [Amended]
0
3. Amend Sec. 1227.4(c)(1) by removing the phrase ``ten (10) business
days'' and adding in its place the phrase ``thirty (30) calendar
days''.
Sec. 1227.5 [Amended]
0
4. Amend Sec. 1227.5 by
0
a. Removing the phrase ``regulated entity is engaging or engaged in a
covered transaction with the person or any affiliates thereof within
the past three (3) years and the'' from paragraph (b)(1).
0
b. Revising paragraph (e) to read as follows:
Sec. 1227.5 Proposed suspension order.
* * * * *
(e) Method of sending notice. The suspending official shall send
the notice of proposed suspension to the last known street address,
facsimile number, or email address of:
(1) The person, the person's counsel, or an agent for service of
process; and
(2) Any affiliates of the person, the counsel for those affiliates,
or an agent for service of process, if suspension is also being
proposed for such affiliates.
* * * * *
Sec. 1227.6 [Amended]
0
5. Amend Sec. 1227.6(a)(1) by removing the phrase ``regulated entity
is engaging or has engaged in a covered transaction within the past
three (3) years with the respondent, and the''.
Dated: December 15, 2015.
Melvin L. Watt,
Director, Federal Housing Finance Agency.
[FR Doc. 2015-32183 Filed 12-22-15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8070-01-P