Listing of Color Additives Exempt From Certification; Mica-Based Pearlescent Pigments, 32303-32307 [2015-13834]
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[FR Doc. 2015–13824 Filed 6–5–15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND
HUMAN SERVICES
Food and Drug Administration
21 CFR Part 73
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[Docket Nos. FDA–2014–C–1616 and FDA–
2015–C–0245]
Listing of Color Additives Exempt
From Certification; Mica-Based
Pearlescent Pigments
AGENCY:
Food and Drug Administration,
HHS.
ACTION:
Final rule.
The Food and Drug
Administration (‘‘FDA’’ or ‘‘we’’) is
SUMMARY:
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amending the color additive regulations
to provide for the safe use of mica-based
pearlescent pigments prepared from
titanium dioxide and mica as color
additives in cordials, liqueurs, flavored
alcoholic malt beverages, wine coolers,
cocktails, non-alcoholic cocktail mixers
and mixes, and in egg decorating kits for
coloring shell eggs. This action is in
response to two color additive petitions
(CAPs) submitted separately by EMD
Millipore Corp. and by Signature
Brands, LLC.
DATES: This rule is effective July 9,
2015. See section VIII for further
information on the filing of objections.
Submit either electronic or written
objections and requests for a hearing by
July 8, 2015.
ADDRESSES: You may submit either
electronic or written objections and
requests for a hearing identified by
PO 00000
32303
Docket No. FDA–2014–C–1616 (Micabased pearlescent pigments in cordials,
liqueurs, flavored alcoholic malt
beverages, wine coolers, cocktails, nonalcoholic cocktail mixers and mixes) or
Docket No. FDA–2015–C–0245 (Micabased pearlescent pigments in egg
decorating kits), by any of the following
methods:
Electronic Submissions
Submit electronic objections in the
following way:
• Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://
www.regulations.gov. Follow the
instructions for submitting comments.
Written Submissions
Submit written objections in the
following ways:
• Mail/Hand delivery/Courier (for
paper submissions): Division of Dockets
Management (HFA–305), Food and Drug
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Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 109 / Monday, June 8, 2015 / Rules and Regulations
Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm.
1061, Rockville, MD 20852.
Instructions: All submissions received
must include the Agency name and
Docket No. FDA–2014–C–1616 (Micabased pearlescent pigments in cordials,
liqueurs, flavored alcoholic malt
beverages, wine coolers, cocktails, nonalcoholic cocktail mixers and mixes) or
Docket No. FDA–2015–C–0245 (Micabased pearlescent pigments in egg
decorating kits) for this rulemaking. All
objections received will be posted
without change to https://
www.regulations.gov, including any
personal information provided. For
detailed instructions on submitting
objections, see the ‘‘Objections’’ heading
of the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
section.
Docket: For access to the docket to
read background documents or
objections received, go to https://
www.regulations.gov and insert the
docket numbers, found in brackets in
the heading of this document, into the
‘‘Search’’ box and follow the prompts
and/or go to the Division of Dockets
Management, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm.
1061, Rockville, MD 20852.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Ellen Anderson, Center for Food Safety
and Applied Nutrition (HFS–265), Food
and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint
Branch Pkwy., College Park, MD 20740–
3835, 240–402–1309.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
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I. Background
In notices published in the Federal
Register on October 21, 2014, and
February 5, 2015 (79 FR 62932 and 80
FR 6468, respectively), we announced
that we filed CAPs (4C0299 and 5C0301,
respectively) to amend the color
additive regulations in § 73.350 Micabased pearlescent pigments (21 CFR
73.350).
CAP 4C0299 was submitted by EMD
Millipore Corp. (EMD), c/o Hyman,
Phelps & McNamara, P.C., 700 13th St.
NW., Suite 1200, Washington, DC
20005. CAP 4C0299 proposed to amend
the color additive regulations in
§ 73.350 to expand the safe use of micabased pearlescent pigments prepared
from titanium dioxide and mica as a
color additive in cordials, liqueurs,
cocktails, and certain other alcoholic
beverages, and non-alcoholic cocktail
mixers and mixes. The maximum use
level of the pigments proposed by the
petitioner is 0.07 percent by weight in
the beverages, mixers, and mixes,
consistent with approval in
§ 73.350(c)(1)(ii) for the use of micabased pearlescent pigments in distilled
spirits containing not less than 18
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percent and not more than 23 percent
alcohol by volume, but not including
distilled spirits mixtures containing
more than 5 percent wine on a proof
gallon basis. In correspondence with
FDA, EMD subsequently refined the
petitioned use of mica-based pearlescent
pigments to cordials, liqueurs, flavored
alcoholic malt beverages, wine coolers,
cocktails, and non-alcoholic cocktail
mixers and mixes.
CAP 5C0301 was submitted by
Signature Brands, LLC, c/o Keller and
Heckman, LLP, 1001 G St. NW., Suite
500 West, Washington, DC 20001. CAP
5C0301 proposed to amend § 73.350 to
provide for the safe use of mica-based
pearlescent pigments prepared from
titanium dioxide and mica in egg
decorating kits for coloring boiled shell
eggs, in amounts consistent with good
manufacturing practice (GMP).
Mica-based pearlescent pigments
prepared from titanium dioxide and
mica are currently approved under
§ 73.350(c)(1)(i) for use as a color
additive in amounts up to 1.25 percent
by weight in cereals, confections and
frostings, gelatin deserts, hard and soft
candies (including lozenges), nutritional
supplement tablets and gelatin capsules,
and chewing gum. Mica-based
pearlescent pigments prepared from
titanium dioxide and mica are also
currently approved under
§ 73.350(c)(1)(ii) in amounts up to 0.07
percent, by weight, in distilled spirits
containing not less than 18 percent and
not more than 23 percent alcohol by
volume, but not including distilled
spirits mixtures containing more than 5
percent wine on a proof gallon basis.
Mica-based pearlescent pigments
prepared from titanium dioxide on
mica, iron oxide on mica, and titanium
dioxide and iron oxide on mica are
approved for specified uses as a color
additive in ingested drugs under
§ 73.1350 (21 CFR 73.1350). Mica-based
pearlescent pigments formed by
depositing titanium or iron salts from a
basic solution onto mica, followed by
calcination to produce titanium dioxide
or iron oxides on mica, are approved for
specified uses in contact lenses under
§ 73.3128 (21 CFR 73.3128). The color
additive that is the subject of the two
color additive petitions at issue, micabased pearlescent pigments prepared
from titanium dioxide and mica, will be
referred hereinafter in this final rule as
mica-based pearlescent pigments.
II. Safety Evaluation
A. Determination of Safety
Under section 721(b)(4) of the Federal
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the
FD&C Act) (21 U.S.C. 379e(b)(4)), a color
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additive cannot be listed for a particular
use unless the data and information
available to FDA establish that the color
additive is safe for that use. FDA’s color
additive regulations in 21 CFR 70.3(i)
define ‘‘safe’’ to mean that there is
convincing evidence that establishes
with reasonable certainty that no harm
will result from the intended use of the
color additive. To establish with
reasonable certainty that a color
additive intended for use in food is not
harmful under its intended conditions
of use, we consider the projected human
dietary exposure to the additive, the
additive’s toxicological data, and other
relevant information (such as published
literature) available to us. We compare
an individual’s estimated daily intake
(EDI) of the additive from all food
sources to an acceptable daily intake
(ADI) established by toxicological data.
The EDI is determined by projections
based on the amount of the additive
proposed for use in particular foods and
on data regarding the amount consumed
from all food sources of the additive. We
typically use the EDI for the 90th
percentile consumer of a color additive
as a measure of high chronic dietary
exposure.
B. Petitioned Uses of the Color Additive
In CAP 4C0299, EMD proposed to
amend the color additive regulations in
§ 73.350 to provide for the safe use of
mica-based pearlescent pigments as a
color additive in amounts up to 0.07
percent, by weight, in cordials, liqueurs,
flavored alcoholic malt beverages, wine
coolers, cocktails, and non-alcoholic
cocktail mixes and mixers. According to
the standards of identity for distilled
spirits regulations issued by the Alcohol
and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau
(TTB), which regulates the labeling of
certain alcoholic beverages, cordials and
liqueurs are a class of distilled spirits
obtained by mixing or redistilling
distilled spirits with or over fruits,
flowers, plants, or pure juices therefrom,
or other natural flavoring materials, or
with extracts derived from infusions,
percolation, or maceration of such
materials, and containing sugar,
dextrose, or levulose, or a combination
thereof, in an amount not less than 21⁄2
percent by weight of the finished
product (27 CFR 5.22(h)). Neither FDA
nor TTB has a regulatory definition for
‘‘cocktail.’’ The petition defines
cocktails as ‘‘products that are sold as
mixtures of distilled spirits and nonalcoholic ingredients.’’ Subsequent
communication with the petitioner
clarified that the following are
descriptions of the types of cocktail
products included within the scope of
the petition: (1) Cocktails containing
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one or more alcoholic beverages and one
or more non-alcoholic mixers (e.g.,
margarita, gin and tonic, cosmopolitan,
fuzzy navel, Bloody Mary, caipirinha,
Irish coffee, Long Island iced tea,
daiquiri, hurricane); (2) cocktails
containing one or more alcoholic
beverages without non-alcoholic mixers
(e.g., vodka martini, stinger, black
Russian, Manhattan); (3) cocktails
containing beer (e.g., caipbeerinha,
boilermaker, beer Bloody Mary); (4)
cocktails containing wine (e.g., mimosa,
Kir Royale, wine cooler, wine spritzer);
and (5) non-alcoholic mixes and mixers
for use in cocktails (e.g., margarita mix,
daiquiri mix, Bloody Mary mix). We
note that mica-based pearlescent
pigments are intended to be used in
both liquid and powdered forms of nonalcoholic cocktail mixes and mixers, at
a maximum use level of 0.07 percent by
weight of the mix or mixer (Ref. 1).
Furthermore, only non-alcoholic mixes
and mixers that are marketed
specifically for use in cocktails, such as
margarita mix and Bloody Mary mix, are
included within the scope of this
petition (Ref. 1). Beverages that are
typically consumed without added
alcohol (e.g., fruit juices, carbonated
water, soft drinks) are outside the scope
of this petition. The petition also
proposed to amend § 73.350 to provide
for the safe use of mica-based
pearlescent pigments in flavored
alcoholic malt beverages and wine
coolers. Like ‘‘cocktail,’’ the term ‘‘wine
cooler’’ does not have a regulatory
definition. According to TTB, products
traditionally known as wine coolers
have generally been replaced in recent
years by flavored alcoholic malt
beverages, which are manufactured with
a malt base rather than with wine (Ref.
1). Flavored alcoholic malt beverages
are sold under many proprietary names
and include alcoholic lemonades,
alcoholic colas, and other flavored
alcoholic beverages (see 70 FR 194 at
195 (January 3, 2005) (TTB final rule
pertaining to ‘‘Flavored Malt Beverage
and Related Regulatory Amendments’’)).
Products marketed as wine coolers and
flavored alcoholic malt beverages are
included in the scope of the petition to
amend the color additive regulations in
§ 73.350. Traditional malt beverages,
such as beer, ale, and malt liquor, differ
substantially from flavored alcoholic
malt beverages (see 70 FR 194) and are
not included within the scope of the
petition. Wine, which has a standard of
identity defined under TTB’s
regulations at 27 CFR part 4, subpart C,
is also outside the scope of the petition.
Furthermore, the petitioner clarified
that the scope of the petition does not
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include sangria, which is typically a
mixture of wine, fruit, and other
ingredients.
In CAP 5C0301, Signature Brands,
LLC proposed to amend the color
additive regulations in § 73.350 to
provide for the safe use of mica-based
pearlescent pigments as a color additive
in egg decorating kits to color the shells
of boiled eggs in amounts consistent
with GMP. The petitioner proposed to
use mica-based pearlescent pigments in
a packet of glaze that is part of egg
decorating kits sold for in-home use.
According to the kit instructions, the
glaze containing the mica-based
pearlescent pigments is intended to be
rubbed on the shells of colored boiled
eggs to impart a metallic sheen.
C. Safety of the Petitioned Uses of the
Color Additive
During our safety review of the uses
of mica-based pearlescent pigments
proposed in CAPs 4C0299 and 5C0301,
we considered the exposure to the color
additive from its petitioned uses and
from the currently permitted uses in
food and ingested drugs under §§ 73.350
and 73.1350, respectively. In estimating
the cumulative estimated dietary intake
(CEDI) of these pigments, we
determined that the exposure to micabased pearlescent pigments from the use
in contact lenses (§ 73.3128) is
negligible and, therefore, need not be
included in our exposure estimate.
Furthermore, we concluded that the
exposure to the additive from the
petitioned use in coloring the shells of
boiled eggs is also negligible. In CAP
5C0301, the petitioner noted that,
because eggshells are not consumed,
exposure to mica-based pearlescent
pigments would be limited to the
amount of additive that migrates
through the shell and the inner
membrane that separates the shell from
the edible egg. The petitioner asserted
that, given the pigments’ relatively large
particle size and insolubility in food,
the amount of mica-based pearlescent
pigments that could actually be found in
the edible portion of the egg is
insignificant. The petitioner provided a
conservative estimate for potential
exposure to the additive from the
petitioned use based on a worst-case
scenario that presumed the theoretical
maximum solubility of mica-based
pearlescent pigments is equivalent to
that of mica (80 milligrams/kilograms in
10 percent acetic acid). Exposure to
mica-based pearlescent pigments from
decorated eggshells is likely further
reduced by the typically limited
seasonal availability of the egg
decorating kits. We agree with the
rationale proposed in CAP 5C0301 that
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the exposure to the additive from the
petitioned use is negligible, and that the
petitioned use would not result in a
significant contribution to the CEDI for
mica-based pearlescent pigments (Ref.
2).
We estimate the eaters-only exposure
to mica-based pearlescent pigments
from the proposed uses in cordials,
liqueurs, flavored alcoholic malt
beverages, wine coolers, cocktails, and
non-alcoholic cocktail mixers and mixes
for the U.S. population to be 0.15 grams/
person/day (g/p/d) at the mean and 0.34
g/p/d at the 90th percentile (Ref. 1). (An
eaters-only exposure is the total of the
amount of food consumed per day
averaged over the number of days in the
survey period by individuals consuming
the food at least once during the survey
period.) In a previous amendment to
§ 73.350 (78 FR 35115 at 35115 and
35116 (June 12, 2013)), we estimated a
CEDI for the use of mica-based
pearlescent pigments in food (§ 73.350)
and ingested drugs (§ 73.1350) using
food consumption data from the 2003 to
2008 National Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey (NHANES). In our
current safety assessment, we updated
the previous exposure to mica-based
pearlescent pigments from all approved
uses in foods using NHANES food
consumption data from 2007 to 2010. In
estimating the exposure to mica-based
pearlescent pigments from the use in
ingested drugs, we relied on the
estimates used in a previous safety
evaluation (Ref. 1). The updated eatersonly CEDI of mica-based pearlescent
pigments, including the petitioned use
in cordials, liqueurs, flavored alcoholic
malt beverages, wine coolers, cocktails,
and non-alcoholic cocktail mixers and
mixes, and the currently approved uses
in food and ingested drugs, is 0.25 g/p/
d at the mean and 0.50 g/p/d at the 90th
percentile for the U.S. population (Ref.
1). The updated CEDIs for mica-based
pearlescent pigments are not
significantly different from the previous
CEDIs (78 FR 35115 at 35116). This is
not unexpected, as both the previous
and updated exposure estimates were
based on a similar set of NHANES food
codes that included cordials, liqueurs,
and cocktails (Ref. 1). In addition, the
percent of the population consuming
alcoholic beverages from the petitioned
use is significantly lower compared to
the proportion of the population that
consumes foods and ingested drugs
containing mica-based pearlescent
pigments, thereby resulting in a smaller
contribution to the CEDI (Ref. 1).
To support the safety of the proposed
uses of mica-based pearlescent pigments
in food, the petitioners of CAPs 4C0299
and 5C0301 referenced the safety
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determination made by FDA for
previously filed petitions (70 FR 42271
(July 22, 2005); 71 FR 31927 (June 2,
2006); and 78 FR 35115). In a prior
safety evaluation, we concluded that the
bioavailability of ingested mica-based
pearlescent pigments and/or their
individual components is expected to be
low based on the chemical nature of
these inorganic pigments and their
individual components and the low
solubility of mica-based pearlescent
pigments in media relevant to human
health (e.g., digestive fluids in the
gastrointestinal tract) (70 FR 42271 at
42272). We are not aware of any new
studies on the bioavailability of micabased pearlescent pigments published
since our previous evaluation (70 FR
42271). As part of our current safety
evaluation, we also reviewed several
recent studies on titanium dioxide,
which is a component of mica-based
pearlescent pigments, to further clarify
the extent of the color additive’s
bioavailability. We determined that the
new information on titanium dioxide
supports our previous conclusion that
mica-based pearlescent pigments are not
bioavailable to any significant extent
upon ingestion (Ref. 3).
In our previous safety evaluation,
which the petitioners referenced, we
established an ADI for mica-based
pearlescent pigments to be 1.8 g/p/d
based on a 2-year rat carcinogenicity
bioassay (71 FR 31927 at 31928). Since
the updated CEDI (0.50 g/p/d at the 90th
percentile) for mica-based pearlescent
pigments for the U.S. population is less
than the ADI, we conclude that the
proposed expanded use of mica-based
pearlescent pigments as a color additive
at levels of up to 0.07 percent by weight
in cordials, liqueurs, flavored alcoholic
malt beverages, wine coolers, cocktails,
and non-alcoholic cocktail mixers and
mixes is safe (Ref. 3). We also conclude
that the proposed expanded use of micabased pearlescent pigments in egg
decorating kits to color the shells of eggs
at levels consistent with GMP is safe,
since the exposure to mica-based
pearlescent pigments contributed by
this use is negligible (Ref. 3).
III. Conclusion
Based on the data and information in
the petitions and other relevant
material, FDA concludes that the
petitioned use of mica-based pearlescent
pigments prepared from titanium
dioxide and mica as a color additive at
levels of up to 0.07 percent by weight
in cordials, liqueurs, flavored alcoholic
malt beverages, wine coolers, cocktails,
and non-alcoholic cocktail mixers and
mixes is safe. We also conclude that the
petitioned use of mica-based pearlescent
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pigments prepared from titanium
dioxide and mica as a color additive in
egg decorating kits used to color the
shells of eggs in amounts consistent
with GMP is safe. We further conclude
that the additive will achieve its
intended technical effect and is suitable
for the petitioned uses. Therefore, we
are amending the color additive
regulations in part 73 (21 CFR part 73)
as set forth in this document. In
addition, based upon the factors listed
in 21 CFR 71.20(b), we conclude that
certification of titanium dioxide-coated
mica-based pearlescent pigments is not
necessary for the protection of the
public health.
IV. Public Disclosure
In accordance with § 71.15 (21 CFR
71.15), the petitions and the documents
that we considered and relied upon in
reaching our decision to approve the
petitions will be made available for
public disclosure (see FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT). As provided in
§ 71.15, we will delete from the
documents any materials that are not
available for public disclosure.
V. Environmental Impact
We previously considered the
environmental effects of this rule, as
stated in the October 21, 2014, and
February 5, 2015, notices of filing for
CAPs 4C0299 and 5C0301 (79 FR 62932
and 80 FR 6468, respectively). For CAP
4C0299, we stated that we had
determined, under 21 CFR 25.32(k), that
this action is of a type that does not
individually or cumulatively have a
significant effect on the human
environment such that neither an
environmental assessment nor an
environmental impact statement is
required. For CAP 5C0301, we stated
that we had determined, under
§ 25.32(r), that this action is of a type
that does not individually or
cumulatively have a significant effect on
the human environment such that
neither an environmental assessment
nor an environmental impact statement
is required. We have not received any
new information or comments that
would affect our previous
determinations.
VI. Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
This final rule contains no collection
of information. Therefore, clearance by
the Office of Management and Budget
under the Paperwork Reduction Act of
1995 is not required.
VII. Section 301(ll) of the Federal Food,
Drug, and Cosmetic Act
Our review of these petitions was
limited to section 721 of the FD&C Act.
PO 00000
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This final rule is not a statement
regarding compliance with other
sections of the FD&C Act. For example,
section 301(ll) of the FD&C Act (21
U.S.C. 331(ll) prohibits the introduction
or delivery for introduction into
interstate commerce of any food that
contains a drug approved under section
505 of the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 355), a
biological product licensed under
section 351 of the Public Health Service
Act (42 U.S.C. 262), or a drug or
biological product for which substantial
clinical investigations have been
instituted and their existence has been
made public, unless one of the
exemptions in section 301(ll)(1) to (4) of
the FD&C Act applies. In our review of
these petitions, we did not consider
whether section 301(ll) of the FD&C Act
or any of its exemptions apply to food
containing this additive. Accordingly,
this final rule should not be construed
to be a statement that a food containing
this additive, if introduced or delivered
for introduction into interstate
commerce, would not violate section
301(ll) of the FD&C Act. Furthermore,
this language is included in all color
additive final rules that pertain to food
and therefore should not be construed to
be a statement of the likelihood that
section 301(ll) of the FD&C Act applies.
VIII. Objections
This rule is effective as shown in the
DATES section, except as to any
provisions that may be stayed by the
filing of proper objections. If you will be
adversely affected by one or more
provisions of this regulation, you may
file with the Division of Dockets
Management (see ADDRESSES) either
electronic or written objections. You
must separately number each objection,
and within each numbered objection
you must specify with particularity the
provision(s) to which you object, and
the grounds for your objection. Within
each numbered objection, you must
specifically state whether you are
requesting a hearing on the particular
provision that you specify in that
numbered objection. If you do not
request a hearing for any particular
objection, you waive the right to a
hearing on that objection. If you request
a hearing, your objection must include
a detailed description and analysis of
the specific factual information you
intend to present in support of the
objection in the event that a hearing is
held. If you do not include such a
description and analysis for any
particular objection, you waive the right
to a hearing on the objection.
It is only necessary to send one set of
documents. Identify documents with the
docket number found in brackets in the
E:\FR\FM\08JNR1.SGM
08JNR1
Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 109 / Monday, June 8, 2015 / Rules and Regulations
heading of this document. Any
objections received in response to the
regulation may be seen in the Division
of Dockets Management between 9 a.m.
and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, and
will be posted to the docket at https://
www.regulations.gov. We will publish
notice of the objections that we have
received or lack thereof in the Federal
Register.
IX. References
The following references have been
placed on display in the Division of
Dockets Management (see ADDRESSES)
and may be seen by interested persons
between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday
through Friday, and are available
electronically at https://
www.regulations.gov.
1. FDA Memorandum from H. Lee, Chemistry
Review Group, Division of Petition
Review, to E. Anderson, Regulatory
Group II, Division of Petition Review,
January 5, 2015.
2. FDA Memorandum from H. Lee, Chemistry
Review Group, Division of Petition
Review, to E. Anderson, Regulatory
Group II, Division of Petition Review,
March 13, 2015.
3. FDA Memorandum from S. Park,
Toxicology Team, Division of Petition
Review, to E. Anderson, Regulatory
Group II, Division of Petition Review,
March 18, 2015.
23 percent alcohol by volume but not
including distilled spirits mixtures
containing more than 5 percent wine on
a proof gallon basis.
(B) Cordials, liqueurs, flavored
alcoholic malt beverages, wine coolers,
and cocktails.
(C) Non-alcoholic cocktail mixes and
mixers, such as margarita mix, Bloody
Mary mix, and daiquiri mix, but
excluding eggnog, tonic water, and
beverages that are typically consumed
without added alcohol (e.g., fruit juices,
fruit juice drinks, and soft drinks).
(iii) In egg decorating kits used for
coloring the shells of eggs in amounts
consistent with good manufacturing
practice.
*
*
*
*
*
Dated: June 2, 2015.
Susan Bernard,
Director, Office of Regulations, Policy and
Social Sciences, Center for Food Safety and
Applied Nutrition.
[FR Doc. 2015–13834 Filed 6–5–15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4164–01–P
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND
HUMAN SERVICES
Food and Drug Administration
21 CFR Part 870
List of Subjects in 21 CFR Part 73
Color additives, Cosmetics, Drugs,
Medical devices.
Therefore, under the Federal Food,
Drug, and Cosmetic Act and under
authority delegated to the Commissioner
of Food and Drugs, and redelegated to
the Director, Center for Food Safety and
Applied Nutrition, 21 CFR part 73 is
amended as follows:
[Docket No. FDA–2013–N–1518]
PART 73—LISTING OF COLOR
ADDITIVES EXEMPT FROM
CERTIFICATION
AGENCY:
1. The authority citation for 21 CFR
part 73 continues to read as follows:
SUMMARY:
ACTION:
Authority: 21 U.S.C. 321, 341, 342, 343,
348, 351, 352, 355, 361, 362, 371, 379e.
2. Section 73.350 is amended by
revising paragraph (c)(1)(ii) and by
adding paragraph (c)(1)(iii) to read as
follows:
wreier-aviles on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with RULES
■
§ 73.350 Mica-based pearlescent
pigments.
*
*
*
*
(c) * * *
(1) * * *
(ii) In amounts up to 0.07 percent, by
weight, in the following:
(A) Distilled spirits containing not
less than 18 percent and not more than
VerDate Sep<11>2014
15:05 Jun 05, 2015
Jkt 235001
Food and Drug Administration,
HHS.
■
*
Cardiovascular Devices;
Reclassification of Nonroller-Type
Cardiopulmonary Bypass Blood
Pumps for Cardiopulmonary and
Circulatory Bypass; Effective Date of
Requirement for Premarket Approval
for Nonroller-Type Cardiopulmonary
Bypass Blood Pumps for Temporary
Ventricular Support
Final order.
The Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) is issuing a final
order to reclassify nonroller-type
cardiopulmonary bypass blood pump
(NRP) devices for cardiopulmonary and
circulatory bypass, a preamendments
class III device, into class II (special
controls), and to require the filing of a
premarket approval application (PMA)
for NRP devices for temporary
ventricular support. FDA is also revising
the title and identification of the
regulation for NRP devices in this order.
DATES: This order is effective June 8,
2015.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Fernando Aguel, Center for Devices and
Radiological Health, Food and Drug
PO 00000
Frm 00041
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32307
Administration, 10903 New Hampshire
Ave., Bldg. 66, Rm. 1234, Silver Spring,
MD 20993, 301–796–6326,
fernando.aguel@fda.hhs.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background—Regulatory Authorities
The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic
Act (the FD&C Act), as amended by the
Medical Device Amendments of 1976
(the 1976 amendments) (Pub. L. 94–
295), the Safe Medical Devices Act of
1990 (Pub. L. 101–629), the Food and
Drug Administration Modernization Act
of 1997 (FDAMA) (Pub. L. 105–115), the
Medical Device User Fee and
Modernization Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107–
250), the Medical Devices Technical
Corrections Act (Pub. L. 108–214), the
Food and Drug Administration
Amendments Act of 2007 (Pub. L. 110–
85), and the Food and Drug
Administration Safety and Innovation
Act (FDASIA) (Pub. L. 112–144), among
other amendments, established a
comprehensive system for the regulation
of medical devices intended for human
use. Section 513 of the FD&C Act (21
U.S.C. 360c) established three categories
(classes) of devices, reflecting the
regulatory controls needed to provide
reasonable assurance of their safety and
effectiveness. The three categories of
devices are class I (general controls),
class II (special controls), and class III
(premarket approval).
Under section 513(d) of the FD&C Act,
devices that were in commercial
distribution before the enactment of the
1976 amendments, May 28, 1976
(generally referred to as
‘‘preamendments devices’’), are
classified after FDA has: (1) Received a
recommendation from a device
classification panel (an FDA advisory
committee) (the Panel); (2) published
the Panel’s recommendation for
comment, along with a proposed
regulation classifying the device; and (3)
published a final regulation classifying
the device. FDA has classified most
preamendments devices under these
procedures.
Devices that were not in commercial
distribution prior to May 28, 1976
(generally referred to as
‘‘postamendments devices’’), are
automatically classified by section
513(f) of the FD&C Act into class III
without any FDA rulemaking process.
Those devices remain in class III and
require premarket approval unless, and
until, the device is reclassified into class
I or II or FDA issues an order finding the
device to be substantially equivalent, in
accordance with section 513(i) of the
FD&C Act, to a predicate device that
does not require premarket approval.
The Agency determines whether new
E:\FR\FM\08JNR1.SGM
08JNR1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 109 (Monday, June 8, 2015)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 32303-32307]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2015-13834]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Food and Drug Administration
21 CFR Part 73
[Docket Nos. FDA-2014-C-1616 and FDA-2015-C-0245]
Listing of Color Additives Exempt From Certification; Mica-Based
Pearlescent Pigments
AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS.
ACTION: Final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (``FDA'' or ``we'') is
amending the color additive regulations to provide for the safe use of
mica-based pearlescent pigments prepared from titanium dioxide and mica
as color additives in cordials, liqueurs, flavored alcoholic malt
beverages, wine coolers, cocktails, non-alcoholic cocktail mixers and
mixes, and in egg decorating kits for coloring shell eggs. This action
is in response to two color additive petitions (CAPs) submitted
separately by EMD Millipore Corp. and by Signature Brands, LLC.
DATES: This rule is effective July 9, 2015. See section VIII for
further information on the filing of objections. Submit either
electronic or written objections and requests for a hearing by July 8,
2015.
ADDRESSES: You may submit either electronic or written objections and
requests for a hearing identified by Docket No. FDA-2014-C-1616 (Mica-
based pearlescent pigments in cordials, liqueurs, flavored alcoholic
malt beverages, wine coolers, cocktails, non-alcoholic cocktail mixers
and mixes) or Docket No. FDA-2015-C-0245 (Mica-based pearlescent
pigments in egg decorating kits), by any of the following methods:
Electronic Submissions
Submit electronic objections in the following way:
Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov.
Follow the instructions for submitting comments.
Written Submissions
Submit written objections in the following ways:
Mail/Hand delivery/Courier (for paper submissions):
Division of Dockets Management (HFA-305), Food and Drug
[[Page 32304]]
Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852.
Instructions: All submissions received must include the Agency name
and Docket No. FDA-2014-C-1616 (Mica-based pearlescent pigments in
cordials, liqueurs, flavored alcoholic malt beverages, wine coolers,
cocktails, non-alcoholic cocktail mixers and mixes) or Docket No. FDA-
2015-C-0245 (Mica-based pearlescent pigments in egg decorating kits)
for this rulemaking. All objections received will be posted without
change to https://www.regulations.gov, including any personal
information provided. For detailed instructions on submitting
objections, see the ``Objections'' heading of the SUPPLEMENTARY
INFORMATION section.
Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or
objections received, go to https://www.regulations.gov and insert the
docket numbers, found in brackets in the heading of this document, into
the ``Search'' box and follow the prompts and/or go to the Division of
Dockets Management, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ellen Anderson, Center for Food Safety
and Applied Nutrition (HFS-265), Food and Drug Administration, 5100
Paint Branch Pkwy., College Park, MD 20740-3835, 240-402-1309.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
In notices published in the Federal Register on October 21, 2014,
and February 5, 2015 (79 FR 62932 and 80 FR 6468, respectively), we
announced that we filed CAPs (4C0299 and 5C0301, respectively) to amend
the color additive regulations in Sec. 73.350 Mica-based pearlescent
pigments (21 CFR 73.350).
CAP 4C0299 was submitted by EMD Millipore Corp. (EMD), c/o Hyman,
Phelps & McNamara, P.C., 700 13th St. NW., Suite 1200, Washington, DC
20005. CAP 4C0299 proposed to amend the color additive regulations in
Sec. 73.350 to expand the safe use of mica-based pearlescent pigments
prepared from titanium dioxide and mica as a color additive in
cordials, liqueurs, cocktails, and certain other alcoholic beverages,
and non-alcoholic cocktail mixers and mixes. The maximum use level of
the pigments proposed by the petitioner is 0.07 percent by weight in
the beverages, mixers, and mixes, consistent with approval in Sec.
73.350(c)(1)(ii) for the use of mica-based pearlescent pigments in
distilled spirits containing not less than 18 percent and not more than
23 percent alcohol by volume, but not including distilled spirits
mixtures containing more than 5 percent wine on a proof gallon basis.
In correspondence with FDA, EMD subsequently refined the petitioned use
of mica-based pearlescent pigments to cordials, liqueurs, flavored
alcoholic malt beverages, wine coolers, cocktails, and non-alcoholic
cocktail mixers and mixes.
CAP 5C0301 was submitted by Signature Brands, LLC, c/o Keller and
Heckman, LLP, 1001 G St. NW., Suite 500 West, Washington, DC 20001. CAP
5C0301 proposed to amend Sec. 73.350 to provide for the safe use of
mica-based pearlescent pigments prepared from titanium dioxide and mica
in egg decorating kits for coloring boiled shell eggs, in amounts
consistent with good manufacturing practice (GMP).
Mica-based pearlescent pigments prepared from titanium dioxide and
mica are currently approved under Sec. 73.350(c)(1)(i) for use as a
color additive in amounts up to 1.25 percent by weight in cereals,
confections and frostings, gelatin deserts, hard and soft candies
(including lozenges), nutritional supplement tablets and gelatin
capsules, and chewing gum. Mica-based pearlescent pigments prepared
from titanium dioxide and mica are also currently approved under Sec.
73.350(c)(1)(ii) in amounts up to 0.07 percent, by weight, in distilled
spirits containing not less than 18 percent and not more than 23
percent alcohol by volume, but not including distilled spirits mixtures
containing more than 5 percent wine on a proof gallon basis. Mica-based
pearlescent pigments prepared from titanium dioxide on mica, iron oxide
on mica, and titanium dioxide and iron oxide on mica are approved for
specified uses as a color additive in ingested drugs under Sec.
73.1350 (21 CFR 73.1350). Mica-based pearlescent pigments formed by
depositing titanium or iron salts from a basic solution onto mica,
followed by calcination to produce titanium dioxide or iron oxides on
mica, are approved for specified uses in contact lenses under Sec.
73.3128 (21 CFR 73.3128). The color additive that is the subject of the
two color additive petitions at issue, mica-based pearlescent pigments
prepared from titanium dioxide and mica, will be referred hereinafter
in this final rule as mica-based pearlescent pigments.
II. Safety Evaluation
A. Determination of Safety
Under section 721(b)(4) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
(the FD&C Act) (21 U.S.C. 379e(b)(4)), a color additive cannot be
listed for a particular use unless the data and information available
to FDA establish that the color additive is safe for that use. FDA's
color additive regulations in 21 CFR 70.3(i) define ``safe'' to mean
that there is convincing evidence that establishes with reasonable
certainty that no harm will result from the intended use of the color
additive. To establish with reasonable certainty that a color additive
intended for use in food is not harmful under its intended conditions
of use, we consider the projected human dietary exposure to the
additive, the additive's toxicological data, and other relevant
information (such as published literature) available to us. We compare
an individual's estimated daily intake (EDI) of the additive from all
food sources to an acceptable daily intake (ADI) established by
toxicological data. The EDI is determined by projections based on the
amount of the additive proposed for use in particular foods and on data
regarding the amount consumed from all food sources of the additive. We
typically use the EDI for the 90th percentile consumer of a color
additive as a measure of high chronic dietary exposure.
B. Petitioned Uses of the Color Additive
In CAP 4C0299, EMD proposed to amend the color additive regulations
in Sec. 73.350 to provide for the safe use of mica-based pearlescent
pigments as a color additive in amounts up to 0.07 percent, by weight,
in cordials, liqueurs, flavored alcoholic malt beverages, wine coolers,
cocktails, and non-alcoholic cocktail mixes and mixers. According to
the standards of identity for distilled spirits regulations issued by
the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), which regulates the
labeling of certain alcoholic beverages, cordials and liqueurs are a
class of distilled spirits obtained by mixing or redistilling distilled
spirits with or over fruits, flowers, plants, or pure juices therefrom,
or other natural flavoring materials, or with extracts derived from
infusions, percolation, or maceration of such materials, and containing
sugar, dextrose, or levulose, or a combination thereof, in an amount
not less than 2\1/2\ percent by weight of the finished product (27 CFR
5.22(h)). Neither FDA nor TTB has a regulatory definition for
``cocktail.'' The petition defines cocktails as ``products that are
sold as mixtures of distilled spirits and non-alcoholic ingredients.''
Subsequent communication with the petitioner clarified that the
following are descriptions of the types of cocktail products included
within the scope of the petition: (1) Cocktails containing
[[Page 32305]]
one or more alcoholic beverages and one or more non-alcoholic mixers
(e.g., margarita, gin and tonic, cosmopolitan, fuzzy navel, Bloody
Mary, caipirinha, Irish coffee, Long Island iced tea, daiquiri,
hurricane); (2) cocktails containing one or more alcoholic beverages
without non-alcoholic mixers (e.g., vodka martini, stinger, black
Russian, Manhattan); (3) cocktails containing beer (e.g., caipbeerinha,
boilermaker, beer Bloody Mary); (4) cocktails containing wine (e.g.,
mimosa, Kir Royale, wine cooler, wine spritzer); and (5) non-alcoholic
mixes and mixers for use in cocktails (e.g., margarita mix, daiquiri
mix, Bloody Mary mix). We note that mica-based pearlescent pigments are
intended to be used in both liquid and powdered forms of non-alcoholic
cocktail mixes and mixers, at a maximum use level of 0.07 percent by
weight of the mix or mixer (Ref. 1). Furthermore, only non-alcoholic
mixes and mixers that are marketed specifically for use in cocktails,
such as margarita mix and Bloody Mary mix, are included within the
scope of this petition (Ref. 1). Beverages that are typically consumed
without added alcohol (e.g., fruit juices, carbonated water, soft
drinks) are outside the scope of this petition. The petition also
proposed to amend Sec. 73.350 to provide for the safe use of mica-
based pearlescent pigments in flavored alcoholic malt beverages and
wine coolers. Like ``cocktail,'' the term ``wine cooler'' does not have
a regulatory definition. According to TTB, products traditionally known
as wine coolers have generally been replaced in recent years by
flavored alcoholic malt beverages, which are manufactured with a malt
base rather than with wine (Ref. 1). Flavored alcoholic malt beverages
are sold under many proprietary names and include alcoholic lemonades,
alcoholic colas, and other flavored alcoholic beverages (see 70 FR 194
at 195 (January 3, 2005) (TTB final rule pertaining to ``Flavored Malt
Beverage and Related Regulatory Amendments'')). Products marketed as
wine coolers and flavored alcoholic malt beverages are included in the
scope of the petition to amend the color additive regulations in Sec.
73.350. Traditional malt beverages, such as beer, ale, and malt liquor,
differ substantially from flavored alcoholic malt beverages (see 70 FR
194) and are not included within the scope of the petition. Wine, which
has a standard of identity defined under TTB's regulations at 27 CFR
part 4, subpart C, is also outside the scope of the petition.
Furthermore, the petitioner clarified that the scope of the petition
does not include sangria, which is typically a mixture of wine, fruit,
and other ingredients.
In CAP 5C0301, Signature Brands, LLC proposed to amend the color
additive regulations in Sec. 73.350 to provide for the safe use of
mica-based pearlescent pigments as a color additive in egg decorating
kits to color the shells of boiled eggs in amounts consistent with GMP.
The petitioner proposed to use mica-based pearlescent pigments in a
packet of glaze that is part of egg decorating kits sold for in-home
use. According to the kit instructions, the glaze containing the mica-
based pearlescent pigments is intended to be rubbed on the shells of
colored boiled eggs to impart a metallic sheen.
C. Safety of the Petitioned Uses of the Color Additive
During our safety review of the uses of mica-based pearlescent
pigments proposed in CAPs 4C0299 and 5C0301, we considered the exposure
to the color additive from its petitioned uses and from the currently
permitted uses in food and ingested drugs under Sec. Sec. 73.350 and
73.1350, respectively. In estimating the cumulative estimated dietary
intake (CEDI) of these pigments, we determined that the exposure to
mica-based pearlescent pigments from the use in contact lenses (Sec.
73.3128) is negligible and, therefore, need not be included in our
exposure estimate. Furthermore, we concluded that the exposure to the
additive from the petitioned use in coloring the shells of boiled eggs
is also negligible. In CAP 5C0301, the petitioner noted that, because
eggshells are not consumed, exposure to mica-based pearlescent pigments
would be limited to the amount of additive that migrates through the
shell and the inner membrane that separates the shell from the edible
egg. The petitioner asserted that, given the pigments' relatively large
particle size and insolubility in food, the amount of mica-based
pearlescent pigments that could actually be found in the edible portion
of the egg is insignificant. The petitioner provided a conservative
estimate for potential exposure to the additive from the petitioned use
based on a worst-case scenario that presumed the theoretical maximum
solubility of mica-based pearlescent pigments is equivalent to that of
mica (80 milligrams/kilograms in 10 percent acetic acid). Exposure to
mica-based pearlescent pigments from decorated eggshells is likely
further reduced by the typically limited seasonal availability of the
egg decorating kits. We agree with the rationale proposed in CAP 5C0301
that the exposure to the additive from the petitioned use is
negligible, and that the petitioned use would not result in a
significant contribution to the CEDI for mica-based pearlescent
pigments (Ref. 2).
We estimate the eaters-only exposure to mica-based pearlescent
pigments from the proposed uses in cordials, liqueurs, flavored
alcoholic malt beverages, wine coolers, cocktails, and non-alcoholic
cocktail mixers and mixes for the U.S. population to be 0.15 grams/
person/day (g/p/d) at the mean and 0.34 g/p/d at the 90th percentile
(Ref. 1). (An eaters-only exposure is the total of the amount of food
consumed per day averaged over the number of days in the survey period
by individuals consuming the food at least once during the survey
period.) In a previous amendment to Sec. 73.350 (78 FR 35115 at 35115
and 35116 (June 12, 2013)), we estimated a CEDI for the use of mica-
based pearlescent pigments in food (Sec. 73.350) and ingested drugs
(Sec. 73.1350) using food consumption data from the 2003 to 2008
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). In our
current safety assessment, we updated the previous exposure to mica-
based pearlescent pigments from all approved uses in foods using NHANES
food consumption data from 2007 to 2010. In estimating the exposure to
mica-based pearlescent pigments from the use in ingested drugs, we
relied on the estimates used in a previous safety evaluation (Ref. 1).
The updated eaters-only CEDI of mica-based pearlescent pigments,
including the petitioned use in cordials, liqueurs, flavored alcoholic
malt beverages, wine coolers, cocktails, and non-alcoholic cocktail
mixers and mixes, and the currently approved uses in food and ingested
drugs, is 0.25 g/p/d at the mean and 0.50 g/p/d at the 90th percentile
for the U.S. population (Ref. 1). The updated CEDIs for mica-based
pearlescent pigments are not significantly different from the previous
CEDIs (78 FR 35115 at 35116). This is not unexpected, as both the
previous and updated exposure estimates were based on a similar set of
NHANES food codes that included cordials, liqueurs, and cocktails (Ref.
1). In addition, the percent of the population consuming alcoholic
beverages from the petitioned use is significantly lower compared to
the proportion of the population that consumes foods and ingested drugs
containing mica-based pearlescent pigments, thereby resulting in a
smaller contribution to the CEDI (Ref. 1).
To support the safety of the proposed uses of mica-based
pearlescent pigments in food, the petitioners of CAPs 4C0299 and 5C0301
referenced the safety
[[Page 32306]]
determination made by FDA for previously filed petitions (70 FR 42271
(July 22, 2005); 71 FR 31927 (June 2, 2006); and 78 FR 35115). In a
prior safety evaluation, we concluded that the bioavailability of
ingested mica-based pearlescent pigments and/or their individual
components is expected to be low based on the chemical nature of these
inorganic pigments and their individual components and the low
solubility of mica-based pearlescent pigments in media relevant to
human health (e.g., digestive fluids in the gastrointestinal tract) (70
FR 42271 at 42272). We are not aware of any new studies on the
bioavailability of mica-based pearlescent pigments published since our
previous evaluation (70 FR 42271). As part of our current safety
evaluation, we also reviewed several recent studies on titanium
dioxide, which is a component of mica-based pearlescent pigments, to
further clarify the extent of the color additive's bioavailability. We
determined that the new information on titanium dioxide supports our
previous conclusion that mica-based pearlescent pigments are not
bioavailable to any significant extent upon ingestion (Ref. 3).
In our previous safety evaluation, which the petitioners
referenced, we established an ADI for mica-based pearlescent pigments
to be 1.8 g/p/d based on a 2-year rat carcinogenicity bioassay (71 FR
31927 at 31928). Since the updated CEDI (0.50 g/p/d at the 90th
percentile) for mica-based pearlescent pigments for the U.S. population
is less than the ADI, we conclude that the proposed expanded use of
mica-based pearlescent pigments as a color additive at levels of up to
0.07 percent by weight in cordials, liqueurs, flavored alcoholic malt
beverages, wine coolers, cocktails, and non-alcoholic cocktail mixers
and mixes is safe (Ref. 3). We also conclude that the proposed expanded
use of mica-based pearlescent pigments in egg decorating kits to color
the shells of eggs at levels consistent with GMP is safe, since the
exposure to mica-based pearlescent pigments contributed by this use is
negligible (Ref. 3).
III. Conclusion
Based on the data and information in the petitions and other
relevant material, FDA concludes that the petitioned use of mica-based
pearlescent pigments prepared from titanium dioxide and mica as a color
additive at levels of up to 0.07 percent by weight in cordials,
liqueurs, flavored alcoholic malt beverages, wine coolers, cocktails,
and non-alcoholic cocktail mixers and mixes is safe. We also conclude
that the petitioned use of mica-based pearlescent pigments prepared
from titanium dioxide and mica as a color additive in egg decorating
kits used to color the shells of eggs in amounts consistent with GMP is
safe. We further conclude that the additive will achieve its intended
technical effect and is suitable for the petitioned uses. Therefore, we
are amending the color additive regulations in part 73 (21 CFR part 73)
as set forth in this document. In addition, based upon the factors
listed in 21 CFR 71.20(b), we conclude that certification of titanium
dioxide-coated mica-based pearlescent pigments is not necessary for the
protection of the public health.
IV. Public Disclosure
In accordance with Sec. 71.15 (21 CFR 71.15), the petitions and
the documents that we considered and relied upon in reaching our
decision to approve the petitions will be made available for public
disclosure (see FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT). As provided in Sec.
71.15, we will delete from the documents any materials that are not
available for public disclosure.
V. Environmental Impact
We previously considered the environmental effects of this rule, as
stated in the October 21, 2014, and February 5, 2015, notices of filing
for CAPs 4C0299 and 5C0301 (79 FR 62932 and 80 FR 6468, respectively).
For CAP 4C0299, we stated that we had determined, under 21 CFR
25.32(k), that this action is of a type that does not individually or
cumulatively have a significant effect on the human environment such
that neither an environmental assessment nor an environmental impact
statement is required. For CAP 5C0301, we stated that we had
determined, under Sec. 25.32(r), that this action is of a type that
does not individually or cumulatively have a significant effect on the
human environment such that neither an environmental assessment nor an
environmental impact statement is required. We have not received any
new information or comments that would affect our previous
determinations.
VI. Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
This final rule contains no collection of information. Therefore,
clearance by the Office of Management and Budget under the Paperwork
Reduction Act of 1995 is not required.
VII. Section 301(ll) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
Our review of these petitions was limited to section 721 of the
FD&C Act. This final rule is not a statement regarding compliance with
other sections of the FD&C Act. For example, section 301(ll) of the
FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 331(ll) prohibits the introduction or delivery for
introduction into interstate commerce of any food that contains a drug
approved under section 505 of the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 355), a
biological product licensed under section 351 of the Public Health
Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262), or a drug or biological product for which
substantial clinical investigations have been instituted and their
existence has been made public, unless one of the exemptions in section
301(ll)(1) to (4) of the FD&C Act applies. In our review of these
petitions, we did not consider whether section 301(ll) of the FD&C Act
or any of its exemptions apply to food containing this additive.
Accordingly, this final rule should not be construed to be a statement
that a food containing this additive, if introduced or delivered for
introduction into interstate commerce, would not violate section
301(ll) of the FD&C Act. Furthermore, this language is included in all
color additive final rules that pertain to food and therefore should
not be construed to be a statement of the likelihood that section
301(ll) of the FD&C Act applies.
VIII. Objections
This rule is effective as shown in the DATES section, except as to
any provisions that may be stayed by the filing of proper objections.
If you will be adversely affected by one or more provisions of this
regulation, you may file with the Division of Dockets Management (see
ADDRESSES) either electronic or written objections. You must separately
number each objection, and within each numbered objection you must
specify with particularity the provision(s) to which you object, and
the grounds for your objection. Within each numbered objection, you
must specifically state whether you are requesting a hearing on the
particular provision that you specify in that numbered objection. If
you do not request a hearing for any particular objection, you waive
the right to a hearing on that objection. If you request a hearing,
your objection must include a detailed description and analysis of the
specific factual information you intend to present in support of the
objection in the event that a hearing is held. If you do not include
such a description and analysis for any particular objection, you waive
the right to a hearing on the objection.
It is only necessary to send one set of documents. Identify
documents with the docket number found in brackets in the
[[Page 32307]]
heading of this document. Any objections received in response to the
regulation may be seen in the Division of Dockets Management between 9
a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, and will be posted to the
docket at https://www.regulations.gov. We will publish notice of the
objections that we have received or lack thereof in the Federal
Register.
IX. References
The following references have been placed on display in the
Division of Dockets Management (see ADDRESSES) and may be seen by
interested persons between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday,
and are available electronically at https://www.regulations.gov.
1. FDA Memorandum from H. Lee, Chemistry Review Group, Division of
Petition Review, to E. Anderson, Regulatory Group II, Division of
Petition Review, January 5, 2015.
2. FDA Memorandum from H. Lee, Chemistry Review Group, Division of
Petition Review, to E. Anderson, Regulatory Group II, Division of
Petition Review, March 13, 2015.
3. FDA Memorandum from S. Park, Toxicology Team, Division of
Petition Review, to E. Anderson, Regulatory Group II, Division of
Petition Review, March 18, 2015.
List of Subjects in 21 CFR Part 73
Color additives, Cosmetics, Drugs, Medical devices.
Therefore, under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and under
authority delegated to the Commissioner of Food and Drugs, and
redelegated to the Director, Center for Food Safety and Applied
Nutrition, 21 CFR part 73 is amended as follows:
PART 73--LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES EXEMPT FROM CERTIFICATION
0
1. The authority citation for 21 CFR part 73 continues to read as
follows:
Authority: 21 U.S.C. 321, 341, 342, 343, 348, 351, 352, 355,
361, 362, 371, 379e.
0
2. Section 73.350 is amended by revising paragraph (c)(1)(ii) and by
adding paragraph (c)(1)(iii) to read as follows:
Sec. 73.350 Mica-based pearlescent pigments.
* * * * *
(c) * * *
(1) * * *
(ii) In amounts up to 0.07 percent, by weight, in the following:
(A) Distilled spirits containing not less than 18 percent and not
more than 23 percent alcohol by volume but not including distilled
spirits mixtures containing more than 5 percent wine on a proof gallon
basis.
(B) Cordials, liqueurs, flavored alcoholic malt beverages, wine
coolers, and cocktails.
(C) Non-alcoholic cocktail mixes and mixers, such as margarita mix,
Bloody Mary mix, and daiquiri mix, but excluding eggnog, tonic water,
and beverages that are typically consumed without added alcohol (e.g.,
fruit juices, fruit juice drinks, and soft drinks).
(iii) In egg decorating kits used for coloring the shells of eggs
in amounts consistent with good manufacturing practice.
* * * * *
Dated: June 2, 2015.
Susan Bernard,
Director, Office of Regulations, Policy and Social Sciences, Center for
Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.
[FR Doc. 2015-13834 Filed 6-5-15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4164-01-P