Special Conditions: Cessna Aircraft Company Model 680A Airplane, Pilot-Compartment View Through Hydrophobic Windshield Coatings in Lieu of Windshield Wipers, 18305-18307 [2015-07713]
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18305
Rules and Regulations
Federal Register
Vol. 80, No. 65
Monday, April 6, 2015
This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER
contains regulatory documents having general
applicability and legal effect, most of which
are keyed to and codified in the Code of
Federal Regulations, which is published under
50 titles pursuant to 44 U.S.C. 1510.
The Code of Federal Regulations is sold by
the Superintendent of Documents. Prices of
new books are listed in the first FEDERAL
REGISTER issue of each week.
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 25
[Docket No. FAA–2015–0177; Special
Conditions No. 25–579–SC]
Special Conditions: Cessna Aircraft
Company Model 680A Airplane, PilotCompartment View Through
Hydrophobic Windshield Coatings in
Lieu of Windshield Wipers
Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final special conditions, request
for comment.
AGENCY:
These special conditions are
issued for the Cessna Model 680A
airplane. This airplane will have a novel
or unusual design feature when
compared to the state of technology
envisioned in the airworthiness
standards for transport-category
airplanes. This design feature is
hydrophobic windshield coatings in
lieu of windshield wipers. The
applicable airworthiness regulations do
not contain adequate or appropriate
safety standards for this design feature.
These special conditions contain the
additional safety standards that the
Administrator considers necessary to
establish a level of safety equivalent to
that established by the existing
airworthiness standards.
DATES: Effective date: This action is
effective on Cessna Aircraft Company
on April 6, 2015. We must receive your
comments by May 21, 2015.
ADDRESSES: Send comments identified
by docket number FAA–2015–0177
using any of the following methods:
• Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to
https://www.regulations.gov/ and follow
the online instructions for sending your
comments electronically.
• Mail: Send comments to Docket
Operations, M–30, U.S. Department of
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SUMMARY:
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Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE., Room W12–140, West
Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC
20590–0001.
• Hand Delivery or Courier: Take
comments to Docket Operations in
Room W12–140 of the West Building
Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE., Washington, DC, between 9
a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through
Friday, except Federal holidays.
• Fax: Fax comments to Docket
Operations at 202–493–2251.
Privacy: The FAA will post all
comments it receives, without change,
to https://www.regulations.gov/,
including any personal information the
commenter provides. Using the search
function of the docket Web site, anyone
can find and read the electronic form of
all comments received into any FAA
docket, including the name of the
individual sending the comment (or
signing the comment for an association,
business, labor union, etc.). DOT’s
complete Privacy Act Statement can be
found in the Federal Register published
on April 11, 2000 (65 FR 19477–19478),
as well as at https://DocketsInfo.dot.
gov/.
Docket: Background documents or
comments received may be read at
https://www.regulations.gov/ at any time.
Follow the online instructions for
accessing the docket or go to Docket
Operations in Room W12–140 of the
West Building Ground Floor at 1200
New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington,
DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday
through Friday, except Federal holidays.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Bob
Hettman, ANM–112, Transport Airplane
Directorate, Aircraft Certification
Service, 1601 Lind Avenue SW.,
Renton, Washington 98057–3356;
telephone (425) 227–2683; facsimile
(425) 227–1149.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Background
On January 25, 2012, Cessna Aircraft
Company applied for an amended type
certificate for a new Model 680A
airplane.
The Model 680A, a derivative of the
Cessna Model 680 airplane currently
approved under type-certificate number
T00012WI, is intended to be a ninepassenger executive airplane with a
maximum takeoff weight of 30,300
pounds and a maximum operating
altitude of 45,000 feet. The Model 680A
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airplane uses a hydrophobic windshield
coating, in lieu of windshield wipers,
for an unobstructed outside view from
the pilot compartment.
Type Certification Basis
Under the provisions of Title 14, Code
of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) 21.101,
Cessna Aircraft Company must show
that the Model 680A airplane meets the
applicable provisions of the regulations
listed in type-certificate no. T00012WI,
or the applicable regulations in effect on
the date of application for the change
except for earlier amendments as agreed
upon by the FAA. The regulations listed
in the type certificate are commonly
referred to as the ‘‘original typecertification basis.’’
The certification basis includes
certain special conditions, exemptions,
or later amended sections of the
applicable part that are not relevant to
these special conditions.
If the Administrator finds that the
applicable airworthiness regulations
(i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain
adequate or appropriate safety standards
for the Model 680A airplane because of
a novel or unusual design feature,
special conditions are prescribed under
the provisions of § 21.16.
Special conditions are initially
applicable to the model for which they
are issued. Should the type certificate
for that model be amended later to
include any other model that
incorporates the same novel or unusual
design feature, or should any other
model already included on the same
type certificate be modified to
incorporate the same or similar novel or
unusual design feature, these special
conditions would also apply to the other
model under § 21.101.
In addition to the applicable
airworthiness regulations and special
conditions, the Model 680A airplane
must comply with the fuel-vent and
exhaust-emission requirements of part
34, and the noise-certification
requirements of part 36.
The FAA issues special conditions, as
defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in accordance
with § 11.38, and they become part of
the type-certification basis under
§ 21.101.
Novel or Unusual Design Features
The Cessna Model 680A airplane will
incorporate the following novel or
unusual design features:
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Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 65 / Monday, April 6, 2015 / Rules and Regulations
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The airplane flight-deck design
incorporates a hydrophobic windshield
coating that, during precipitation,
provides an adequate outside view from
the pilot compartment. Sole reliance on
such a coating, without windshield
wipers, constitutes a novel or unusual
design feature for which the applicable
airworthiness regulations do not contain
adequate or appropriate safety
standards. Therefore, special conditions
are required to provide a level of safety
equivalent to that established by the
regulations.
Discussion
Section 25.773(b)(1) requires a means
to maintain a clear portion of the
windshield for both pilots of a
transport-category airplane to have a
sufficiently extensive view along the
flight path during precipitation
conditions. The regulations require this
means to maintain such an area clear
vision during heavy-rain precipitation at
airplane speeds up to 1.5 VSR1.
This requirement has existed in
principle since 1953 in part 4b of the
‘‘Civil Air Regulations’’ (CAR). Section
4b.351(b)(1) of CAR 4b required that
‘‘Means shall be provided for
maintaining a sufficient portion of the
windshield clear so that both pilots are
afforded a sufficiently extensive view
along the flight path in all normal flight
attitudes of the airplane. Such means
shall be designed to function under the
following conditions without
continuous attention on the part of the
crew: (i) In heavy rain at speeds up to
1.6 VS1, flaps retracted.’’
Effective December 26, 2002,
Amendment 25–108 changed the speed
for effectiveness of the means to
maintain an area of clear vision from up
to 1.6 VS1 to 1.5 VSR1 to accommodate
the redefinition of the reference stall
speed from the minimum speed in the
stall, VS1, to greater than or equal to the
1g stall speed, VSR1. As noted in the
preamble to the final rule for that
amendment, the reduced factor of 1.5 on
VSR1 is to maintain approximately the
same speed as the 1.6 factor on VS1.
The requirement that the means to
maintain a clear area of forward vision
must function at high speeds and high
precipitation rates is based on the use of
windshield wipers as the means to
maintain an adequate area of clear
vision in precipitation conditions. The
requirement in 14 CFR 121.313(b) and
125.213(b) to provide ‘‘a windshield
wiper or equivalent for each pilot
station’’ has remained unchanged since
at least 1953.
The effectiveness of windshield
wipers to maintain an area of clear
vision normally degrades as airspeed
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and precipitation rates increase. It is
assumed that because high speeds and
high precipitation rates represent
limiting conditions for windshield
wipers, they will also be effective at
lower speeds and precipitation levels.
Accordingly, § 25.773(b)(1)(i) does not
require maintenance of a clear area of
forward vision at lower speeds or lower
precipitation rates.
A forced airflow blown directly over
the windshield has also been used to
maintain an area of clear vision in
precipitation. The limiting conditions
for this technology are comparable to
those for windshield wipers.
Accordingly, introduction of this
technology did not present a need for
special conditions to maintain the level
of safety embodied in the existing
regulations.
Hydrophobic windshield coatings
may depend to some degree on airflow
to maintain a clear-vision area. The
heavy rain and high speed conditions
specified in the current rule do not
necessarily represent the limiting
condition for this new technology. For
example, airflow over the windshield,
which may be necessary to remove
moisture from the windshield, may not
be adequate to maintain a sufficiently
clear-vision area of the windshield in
low-speed flight or during surface
operations. Alternatively, airflow over
the windshield may be disturbed during
such critical times as the approach to
land, where the airplane is at a higherthan-normal pitch attitude. In these
cases, areas of airflow disturbance or
separation on the windshield could
cause failure to maintain a clear-vision
area on the windshield.
In addition to potentially depending
on airflow to function effectively,
hydrophobic coatings may also be
dependent on water-droplet size for
effective precipitation removal. For
example, precipitation in the form of a
light mist may not be sufficient for the
coating’s properties to result in
maintaining a clear area of vision.
The current regulations identify speed
and precipitation rate requirements that
represent limiting conditions for
windshield wipers and blowers, but not
for hydrophobic coatings. Likewise, it is
necessary to issue special conditions to
maintain the level of safety represented
by the current regulations.
These special conditions provide an
appropriate safety standard for the
hydrophobic coating technology as the
means to maintain a clear area of vision
by requiring the coating to be effective
at low speeds and low precipitation
rates, as well as at the higher speeds and
precipitation rates identified in the
current regulation. These are the only
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new or changed requirements relative to
those in § 25.773(b)(1) at Amendment
25–108.
These special conditions contain the
additional safety standards that the
Administrator considers necessary to
establish a level of safety equivalent to
that established by the existing
airworthiness standards.
Applicability
As discussed above, these special
conditions are applicable to the Cessna
Model 680A airplane. Should Cessna
apply at a later date for a change to the
type certificate to include another
model incorporating the same novel or
unusual design feature, the special
conditions would apply to that model as
well.
Conclusion
This action affects only certain novel
or unusual design features on the
Cessna Model 680A airplane. It is not a
rule of general applicability.
The substance of these special
conditions has been subjected to the
notice and comment period in several
prior instances and has been derived
without substantive change from those
previously issued. It is unlikely that
prior public comment would result in a
significant change from the substance
contained herein. Therefore, because a
delay would significantly affect the
certification of the airplane, which is
imminent, the FAA has determined that
prior public notice and comment are
unnecessary and impracticable, and
good cause exists for adopting these
special conditions upon publication in
the Federal Register. The FAA is
requesting comments to allow interested
persons to submit views that may not
have been submitted in response to the
prior opportunities for comment
described above.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting
and recordkeeping requirements.
The authority citation for these
special conditions is as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701,
44702, 44704.
The Special Conditions
Accordingly, pursuant to the
authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the following special
conditions are issued as part of the typecertification basis for Cessna Model
680A airplanes.
The airplane must have a means to
maintain a clear portion of the
windshield, during precipitation
conditions, enough for both pilots to
have a sufficiently extensive view along
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Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 65 / Monday, April 6, 2015 / Rules and Regulations
Food and Drug Administration
products and issues that will be brought
to the committee. The change became
effective March 4, 2015.
Therefore, the Agency is amending 21
CFR 14.100(c) as set forth in the
regulatory text of this document.
Under 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(3)(B) and (d)
and 21 CFR 10.40(d) and (e), the Agency
finds good cause to dispense with notice
and public comment procedures and to
proceed to an immediate effective date
on this rule. Notice and public comment
and a delayed effective date are
unnecessary and are not in the public
interest as this final rule merely
removes the name of the Anti-Infective
Drugs Advisory Committee from the list
of standing advisory committees in 21
CFR 14.100 and replaces it with the
Antimicrobial Drugs Advisory
Committee.
21 CFR Part 14
List of Subjects in 21 CFR Part 14
[Docket No. FDA–2009–N–0443]
Administrative practice and
procedure, Advisory committees, Color
additives, Drugs, Radiation protection.
the ground or flight path in normal taxi
and flight attitudes of the airplane. This
means must be designed to function,
without continuous attention on the
part of the flightcrew, in conditions
from light misting precipitation to heavy
rain, at speeds from fully stopped in
still air, to 1.5 VSR1 with lift and drag
devices retracted.
Issued in Renton, Washington, on March
27, 2015.
Michael Kazycki,
Acting Manager, Transport Airplane
Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2015–07713 Filed 4–3–15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND
HUMAN SERVICES
Advisory Committee; Anti-Infective
Drugs Advisory Committee
AGENCY:
Food and Drug Administration,
HHS.
ACTION:
Final rule.
The Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) is amending the
standing advisory committees’
regulations to change the name of the
Anti-Infective Drugs Advisory
Committee. This action is being taken to
change the name of this committee on
the Agency’s list of standing advisory
committees.
SUMMARY:
This rule is effective April 6,
2015. The name change became
applicable March 4, 2015.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Michael Ortwerth, Advisory Committee
Oversight and Management Staff, Food
and Drug Administration, 10903 New
Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 32, Rm. 5129,
Silver Spring, MD 20993–0002, FAX:
301–847–8640, or Michael.Ortwerth@
fda.hhs.gov.
DATES:
The AntiInfective Drugs Advisory Committee
(the Committee) was established on
October 7, 1980 (45 FR 79025). The
Committee reviews and evaluates
available data concerning the safety and
effectiveness of marketed and
investigational human drug products for
use in the treatment of infectious
diseases and disorders.
The Committee name has been
changed to the following: Antimicrobial
Drugs Advisory Committee. The Agency
changed the name to better reflect the
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SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
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15:01 Apr 03, 2015
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Therefore, under the Federal Food,
Drug, and Cosmetic Act and under
authority delegated to the Commissioner
of Food and Drugs, 21 CFR part 14 is
amended as follows:
PART 14—PUBLIC HEARING BEFORE
A PUBLIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE
1. The authority citation for 21 CFR
part 14 continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 5 U.S.C. App. 2; 15 U.S.C.
1451–1461; 21 U.S.C. 41–50, 141–149, 321–
394, 467f, 679, 821, 1034; 28 U.S.C. 2112; 42
U.S.C. 201, 262, 263b, 264; Pub. L. 107–109;
Pub. L. 108–155; Pub. L. 113–54.
2. Amend § 14.100 by revising
paragraph (c)(2) introductory text to
read as follows:
■
§ 14.100 List of standing advisory
committees.
*
*
*
*
*
(c) * * *
(2) Antimicrobial Drugs Advisory
Committee.
*
*
*
*
*
Dated: March 27, 2015.
Leslie Kux,
Associate Commissioner for Policy.
[FR Doc. 2015–07789 Filed 4–3–15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4164–01–P
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18307
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND
HUMAN SERVICES
Food and Drug Administration
21 CFR Part 876
[Docket No. FDA–2015–N–0804]
Medical Devices; GastroenterologyUrology Devices; Classification of the
Urethral Insert With Pump for Bladder
Drainage
AGENCY:
Food and Drug Administration,
HHS.
ACTION:
Final order.
The Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) is classifying the
urethral insert with pump for bladder
drainage into class II (special controls).
The special controls that will apply to
the device are identified in this order
and will be part of the codified language
for the urethral insert with pump for
bladder drainage’s classification. The
Agency is classifying the device into
class II (special controls) in order to
provide a reasonable assurance of safety
and effectiveness of the device.
DATES: This order is effective April 6,
2015. The classification was applicable
on October 14, 2014.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: John
Baxley, Center for Devices and
Radiological Health, Food and Drug
Administration, 10903 New Hampshire
Ave., Bldg. 66, Rm. G210, Silver Spring,
MD 20993–0002, 301–796–6549.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
SUMMARY:
I. Background
In accordance with section 513(f)(1) of
the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic
Act (the FD&C Act) (21 U.S.C.
360c(f)(1)), devices that were not in
commercial distribution before May 28,
1976 (the date of enactment of the
Medical Device Amendments of 1976),
generally referred to as postamendments
devices, are classified automatically by
statute into class III without any FDA
rulemaking process. These devices
remain in class III and require
premarket approval, unless and until
the device is classified or reclassified
into class I or II, or FDA issues an order
finding the device to be substantially
equivalent, in accordance with section
513(i) of the FD&C Act, to a predicate
device that does not require premarket
approval. The Agency determines
whether new devices are substantially
equivalent to predicate devices by
means of premarket notification
procedures in section 510(k) of the
FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 360(k)) and part
807 (21 CFR part 807) of the regulations.
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 65 (Monday, April 6, 2015)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 18305-18307]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2015-07713]
========================================================================
Rules and Regulations
Federal Register
________________________________________________________________________
This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER contains regulatory documents
having general applicability and legal effect, most of which are keyed
to and codified in the Code of Federal Regulations, which is published
under 50 titles pursuant to 44 U.S.C. 1510.
The Code of Federal Regulations is sold by the Superintendent of Documents.
Prices of new books are listed in the first FEDERAL REGISTER issue of each
week.
========================================================================
Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 65 / Monday, April 6, 2015 / Rules
and Regulations
[[Page 18305]]
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 25
[Docket No. FAA-2015-0177; Special Conditions No. 25-579-SC]
Special Conditions: Cessna Aircraft Company Model 680A Airplane,
Pilot-Compartment View Through Hydrophobic Windshield Coatings in Lieu
of Windshield Wipers
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final special conditions, request for comment.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: These special conditions are issued for the Cessna Model 680A
airplane. This airplane will have a novel or unusual design feature
when compared to the state of technology envisioned in the
airworthiness standards for transport-category airplanes. This design
feature is hydrophobic windshield coatings in lieu of windshield
wipers. The applicable airworthiness regulations do not contain
adequate or appropriate safety standards for this design feature. These
special conditions contain the additional safety standards that the
Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of safety
equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness standards.
DATES: Effective date: This action is effective on Cessna Aircraft
Company on April 6, 2015. We must receive your comments by May 21,
2015.
ADDRESSES: Send comments identified by docket number FAA-2015-0177
using any of the following methods:
Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to https://www.regulations.gov/ and follow the online instructions for sending
your comments electronically.
Mail: Send comments to Docket Operations, M-30, U.S.
Department of Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Room
W12-140, West Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC 20590-0001.
Hand Delivery or Courier: Take comments to Docket
Operations in Room W12-140 of the West Building Ground Floor at 1200
New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m.,
Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
Fax: Fax comments to Docket Operations at 202-493-2251.
Privacy: The FAA will post all comments it receives, without
change, to https://www.regulations.gov/, including any personal
information the commenter provides. Using the search function of the
docket Web site, anyone can find and read the electronic form of all
comments received into any FAA docket, including the name of the
individual sending the comment (or signing the comment for an
association, business, labor union, etc.). DOT's complete Privacy Act
Statement can be found in the Federal Register published on April 11,
2000 (65 FR 19477-19478), as well as at https://DocketsInfo.dot.gov/ gov/.
Docket: Background documents or comments received may be read at
https://www.regulations.gov/ at any time. Follow the online instructions
for accessing the docket or go to Docket Operations in Room W12-140 of
the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE.,
Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday,
except Federal holidays.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Bob Hettman, ANM-112, Transport
Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service, 1601 Lind Avenue
SW., Renton, Washington 98057-3356; telephone (425) 227-2683; facsimile
(425) 227-1149.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Background
On January 25, 2012, Cessna Aircraft Company applied for an amended
type certificate for a new Model 680A airplane.
The Model 680A, a derivative of the Cessna Model 680 airplane
currently approved under type-certificate number T00012WI, is intended
to be a nine-passenger executive airplane with a maximum takeoff weight
of 30,300 pounds and a maximum operating altitude of 45,000 feet. The
Model 680A airplane uses a hydrophobic windshield coating, in lieu of
windshield wipers, for an unobstructed outside view from the pilot
compartment.
Type Certification Basis
Under the provisions of Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14
CFR) 21.101, Cessna Aircraft Company must show that the Model 680A
airplane meets the applicable provisions of the regulations listed in
type-certificate no. T00012WI, or the applicable regulations in effect
on the date of application for the change except for earlier amendments
as agreed upon by the FAA. The regulations listed in the type
certificate are commonly referred to as the ``original type-
certification basis.''
The certification basis includes certain special conditions,
exemptions, or later amended sections of the applicable part that are
not relevant to these special conditions.
If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness
regulations (i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain adequate or
appropriate safety standards for the Model 680A airplane because of a
novel or unusual design feature, special conditions are prescribed
under the provisions of Sec. 21.16.
Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which
they are issued. Should the type certificate for that model be amended
later to include any other model that incorporates the same novel or
unusual design feature, or should any other model already included on
the same type certificate be modified to incorporate the same or
similar novel or unusual design feature, these special conditions would
also apply to the other model under Sec. 21.101.
In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special
conditions, the Model 680A airplane must comply with the fuel-vent and
exhaust-emission requirements of part 34, and the noise-certification
requirements of part 36.
The FAA issues special conditions, as defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in
accordance with Sec. 11.38, and they become part of the type-
certification basis under Sec. 21.101.
Novel or Unusual Design Features
The Cessna Model 680A airplane will incorporate the following novel
or unusual design features:
[[Page 18306]]
The airplane flight-deck design incorporates a hydrophobic
windshield coating that, during precipitation, provides an adequate
outside view from the pilot compartment. Sole reliance on such a
coating, without windshield wipers, constitutes a novel or unusual
design feature for which the applicable airworthiness regulations do
not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards. Therefore,
special conditions are required to provide a level of safety equivalent
to that established by the regulations.
Discussion
Section 25.773(b)(1) requires a means to maintain a clear portion
of the windshield for both pilots of a transport-category airplane to
have a sufficiently extensive view along the flight path during
precipitation conditions. The regulations require this means to
maintain such an area clear vision during heavy-rain precipitation at
airplane speeds up to 1.5 VSR1.
This requirement has existed in principle since 1953 in part 4b of
the ``Civil Air Regulations'' (CAR). Section 4b.351(b)(1) of CAR 4b
required that ``Means shall be provided for maintaining a sufficient
portion of the windshield clear so that both pilots are afforded a
sufficiently extensive view along the flight path in all normal flight
attitudes of the airplane. Such means shall be designed to function
under the following conditions without continuous attention on the part
of the crew: (i) In heavy rain at speeds up to 1.6 VS1, flaps
retracted.''
Effective December 26, 2002, Amendment 25-108 changed the speed for
effectiveness of the means to maintain an area of clear vision from up
to 1.6 VS1 to 1.5 VSR1 to accommodate the
redefinition of the reference stall speed from the minimum speed in the
stall, VS1, to greater than or equal to the 1g stall speed,
VSR1. As noted in the preamble to the final rule for that
amendment, the reduced factor of 1.5 on VSR1 is to maintain
approximately the same speed as the 1.6 factor on VS1.
The requirement that the means to maintain a clear area of forward
vision must function at high speeds and high precipitation rates is
based on the use of windshield wipers as the means to maintain an
adequate area of clear vision in precipitation conditions. The
requirement in 14 CFR 121.313(b) and 125.213(b) to provide ``a
windshield wiper or equivalent for each pilot station'' has remained
unchanged since at least 1953.
The effectiveness of windshield wipers to maintain an area of clear
vision normally degrades as airspeed and precipitation rates increase.
It is assumed that because high speeds and high precipitation rates
represent limiting conditions for windshield wipers, they will also be
effective at lower speeds and precipitation levels. Accordingly, Sec.
25.773(b)(1)(i) does not require maintenance of a clear area of forward
vision at lower speeds or lower precipitation rates.
A forced airflow blown directly over the windshield has also been
used to maintain an area of clear vision in precipitation. The limiting
conditions for this technology are comparable to those for windshield
wipers. Accordingly, introduction of this technology did not present a
need for special conditions to maintain the level of safety embodied in
the existing regulations.
Hydrophobic windshield coatings may depend to some degree on
airflow to maintain a clear-vision area. The heavy rain and high speed
conditions specified in the current rule do not necessarily represent
the limiting condition for this new technology. For example, airflow
over the windshield, which may be necessary to remove moisture from the
windshield, may not be adequate to maintain a sufficiently clear-vision
area of the windshield in low-speed flight or during surface
operations. Alternatively, airflow over the windshield may be disturbed
during such critical times as the approach to land, where the airplane
is at a higher-than-normal pitch attitude. In these cases, areas of
airflow disturbance or separation on the windshield could cause failure
to maintain a clear-vision area on the windshield.
In addition to potentially depending on airflow to function
effectively, hydrophobic coatings may also be dependent on water-
droplet size for effective precipitation removal. For example,
precipitation in the form of a light mist may not be sufficient for the
coating's properties to result in maintaining a clear area of vision.
The current regulations identify speed and precipitation rate
requirements that represent limiting conditions for windshield wipers
and blowers, but not for hydrophobic coatings. Likewise, it is
necessary to issue special conditions to maintain the level of safety
represented by the current regulations.
These special conditions provide an appropriate safety standard for
the hydrophobic coating technology as the means to maintain a clear
area of vision by requiring the coating to be effective at low speeds
and low precipitation rates, as well as at the higher speeds and
precipitation rates identified in the current regulation. These are the
only new or changed requirements relative to those in Sec.
25.773(b)(1) at Amendment 25-108.
These special conditions contain the additional safety standards
that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of
safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness
standards.
Applicability
As discussed above, these special conditions are applicable to the
Cessna Model 680A airplane. Should Cessna apply at a later date for a
change to the type certificate to include another model incorporating
the same novel or unusual design feature, the special conditions would
apply to that model as well.
Conclusion
This action affects only certain novel or unusual design features
on the Cessna Model 680A airplane. It is not a rule of general
applicability.
The substance of these special conditions has been subjected to the
notice and comment period in several prior instances and has been
derived without substantive change from those previously issued. It is
unlikely that prior public comment would result in a significant change
from the substance contained herein. Therefore, because a delay would
significantly affect the certification of the airplane, which is
imminent, the FAA has determined that prior public notice and comment
are unnecessary and impracticable, and good cause exists for adopting
these special conditions upon publication in the Federal Register. The
FAA is requesting comments to allow interested persons to submit views
that may not have been submitted in response to the prior opportunities
for comment described above.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.
The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701, 44702, 44704.
The Special Conditions
Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the following special conditions are issued as part of
the type-certification basis for Cessna Model 680A airplanes.
The airplane must have a means to maintain a clear portion of the
windshield, during precipitation conditions, enough for both pilots to
have a sufficiently extensive view along
[[Page 18307]]
the ground or flight path in normal taxi and flight attitudes of the
airplane. This means must be designed to function, without continuous
attention on the part of the flightcrew, in conditions from light
misting precipitation to heavy rain, at speeds from fully stopped in
still air, to 1.5 VSR1 with lift and drag devices retracted.
Issued in Renton, Washington, on March 27, 2015.
Michael Kazycki,
Acting Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification
Service.
[FR Doc. 2015-07713 Filed 4-3-15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P