Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; West Virginia; Regional Haze Five-Year Progress Report State Implementation Plan, 12607-12611 [2015-05468]
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Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 46 / Tuesday, March 10, 2015 / Proposed Rules
Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10,
1999);
• Is not an economically significant
regulatory action based on health or
safety risks subject to Executive Order
13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997);
• Is not a significant regulatory action
subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR
28355, May 22, 2001);
• Is not subject to requirements of
Section 12(d) of the National
Technology Transfer and Advancement
Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because
application of those requirements would
be inconsistent with the CAA; and
• Does not provide EPA with the
discretionary authority to address, as
appropriate, disproportionate human
health or environmental effects, using
practicable and legally permissible
methods, under Executive Order 12898
(59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
In addition, this proposed rule,
pertaining to the update of the MVEBs,
point and area source inventories, as
well as the general conformity budgets
for the Scranton/Wilkes-Barre
Maintenance Area, does not have tribal
implications as specified by Executive
Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9,
2000), because the SIP is not approved
to apply in Indian country located in the
state, and EPA notes that it will not
impose substantial direct costs on tribal
governments or preempt tribal law.
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone,
Volatile organic compounds.
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Dated: February 20, 2015.
William C. Early,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region III.
[FR Doc. 2015–05434 Filed 3–9–15; 08:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
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[EPA–R01–OAR–2014–0275; A–1–FRL–
9924–18–Region 1]
Approval and Promulgation of Air
Quality Implementation Plans; Rhode
Island; Transportation Conformity
Environmental Protection
Agency.
ACTION: Proposed rule.
AGENCY:
The Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) is proposing to approve a
State Implementation Plan (SIP)
revision submitted by the State of Rhode
SUMMARY:
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Island on February 21, 2014. This
revision includes a regulation adopted
by Rhode Island that establishes
procedures to follow for transportation
conformity determinations. Conformity
to the purpose of the SIP means that
transportation activities will not cause
new air quality violations, worsen
existing violations, or delay timely
attainment of the national ambient air
quality standards. The intended effect of
this action is to propose to approve
Rhode Island’s transportation
conformity regulation into the Rhode
Island SIP. This action is being taken in
accordance with the Clean Air Act.
DATES: Written comments must be
received on or before April 9, 2015.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments,
identified by Docket ID No. EPA–R01–
OAR–2014–0275 by one of the following
methods:
1. www.regulations.gov: Follow the
on-line instructions for submitting
comments.
2. Email: arnold.anne@epa.gov. Fax:
(617) 918–0047.
3. Mail: EPA–R01–OAR–2014–0275,
Anne Arnold, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, EPA New England
Regional Office, 5 Post Office Square—
Suite 100, (Mail code OEP05–2), Boston,
MA 02109–3912. Hand Delivery or
Courier. Deliver your comments to:
Anne Arnold, Manager, Air Quality
Planning Unit, Office of Ecosystem
Protection, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, EPA New England
Regional Office, 5 Post Office Square—
Suite 100, (Mail code OEP05–2), Boston,
MA 02109–3912. Such deliveries are
only accepted during the Regional
Office’s normal hours of operation. The
Regional Office’s official hours of
business are Monday through Friday,
8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., excluding legal
holidays.
Please see the direct final rule which
is located in the Rules Section of this
Federal Register for detailed
instructions on how to submit
comments.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Anne Arnold, Air Quality Planning
Unit, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, EPA New England Regional
Office, 5 Post Office Square—Suite 100,
(Mail code OEP05–2), Boston, MA
02109–3912, telephone number (617)
918–1047, fax number (617) 918–1047,
email arnold.anne@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: In the
Final Rules Section of this Federal
Register, EPA is approving the State’s
SIP submittal as a direct final rule
without prior proposal because the
Agency views this as a noncontroversial
submittal and anticipates no adverse
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comments. A detailed rationale for the
approval is set forth in the direct final
rule. If no adverse comments are
received in response to this rule, no
further activity is contemplated. If EPA
receives adverse comments, the direct
final rule will be withdrawn and all
public comments received will be
addressed in a subsequent final rule
based on this proposed rule. EPA will
not institute a second comment period.
Any parties interested in commenting
on this action should do so at this time.
Please note that if EPA receives adverse
comment on an amendment, paragraph,
or section of this rule and if that
provision may be severed from the
remainder of the rule, EPA may adopt
as final those provisions of the rule that
are not the subject of an adverse
comment.
For additional information, see the
direct final rule which is located in the
Rules Section of this Federal Register.
Dated: February 4, 2015.
H. Curtis Spalding,
Regional Administrator, EPA New England.
[FR Doc. 2015–05259 Filed 3–9–15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA–R03–OAR–2013–0423; FRL 9924–23–
Region 3]
Approval and Promulgation of
Implementation Plans; West Virginia;
Regional Haze Five-Year Progress
Report State Implementation Plan
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule; supplemental.
AGENCY:
The Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) is issuing a supplement to
its proposed approval of a State
Implementation Plan (SIP) revision
submitted by the State of West Virginia
(West Virginia) through the West
Virginia Department of Environmental
Protection (WVDEP). West Virginia’s
SIP revision addresses requirements of
the Clean Air Act (CAA) and EPA’s
rules that require states to submit
periodic reports describing progress
towards reasonable progress goals
established for regional haze and a
determination of the adequacy of the
state’s existing implementation plan
addressing regional haze (regional haze
SIP). EPA’s proposed approval of West
Virginia’s periodic report on progress
towards reasonable progress goals and
determination of adequacy of the state’s
regional haze SIP was published in the
SUMMARY:
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Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 46 / Tuesday, March 10, 2015 / Proposed Rules
Federal Register on March 14, 2014.
This supplemental proposal addresses
the potential effects on our proposed
approval from the April 29, 2014
decision of the United States Supreme
Court (Supreme Court) remanding to the
United States Court of Appeals for the
District of Columbia Circuit (D.C.
Circuit) EPA’s Cross-State Air Pollution
Rule (CSAPR) for further proceedings
and the D.C. Circuit’s decision to lift the
stay of CSAPR.
DATES: Comments must be received on
or before April 9, 2015.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments,
identified by Docket ID Number EPA–
R03–OAR–2013–0423, by one of the
following methods:
A. www.regulations.gov. Follow the
on-line instructions for submitting
comments.
B. Email: powers.marilyn@epa.gov.
C. Mail: EPA–R03–OAR–2014–0652,
Marilyn Powers, Acting Associate
Director, Office of Air Program
Planning, Mailcode 3AP30, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency,
Region III, 1650 Arch Street,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103.
D. Hand Delivery: At the previouslylisted EPA Region III address. Such
deliveries are only accepted during the
Docket’s normal hours of operation, and
special arrangements should be made
for deliveries of boxed information.
Instructions: Direct your comments to
Docket ID No. EPA–R03–OAR–2013–
0423. EPA’s policy is that all comments
received will be included in the public
docket without change, and may be
made available online at
www.regulations.gov, including any
personal information provided, unless
the comment includes information
claimed to be Confidential Business
Information (CBI) or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute.
Do not submit information that you
consider to be CBI or otherwise
protected through www.regulations.gov
or email. The www.regulation.gov Web
site is an ‘‘anonymous access’’ system,
which means EPA will not know your
identity or contact information unless
you provide it in the body of your
comment. If you send an email
comment directly to EPA without going
through www.regulations.gov, your
email address will be automatically
captured and included as part of the
comment that is placed in the public
docket and made available on the
Internet. If you submit an electronic
comment, EPA recommends that you
include your name and other contact
information in the body of your
comment and with any disk or CD–ROM
you submit. If EPA cannot read your
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comment due to technical difficulties
and cannot contact you for clarification,
EPA may not be able to consider your
comment. Electronic files should avoid
the use of special characters, any form
of encryption, and be free of any defects
or viruses.
Docket: All documents in the
electronic docket are listed in the
www.regulations.gov index. Although
listed in the index, some information is
not publicly available, i.e., CBI or other
information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute. Certain other
material, such as copyrighted material,
is not placed on the Internet and will be
publicly available only in hard copy
form. Publicly available docket
materials are available either
electronically in www.regulations.gov or
in hard copy during normal business
hours at the Air Protection Division,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Region III, 1650 Arch Street,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103.
Copies of West Virginia’s submittal are
available at the West Virginia
Department of Environmental
Protection, Division of Air Quality, 601
57th Street SE., Charleston, West
Virginia 25304.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Asrah Khadr, (215) 814–2071, or by
email at khadr.asrah@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
EPA previously proposed to approve
a SIP revision by West Virginia
reporting on progress made in the first
implementation period towards meeting
the reasonable progress goals for Class I
areas in and outside West Virginia that
are affected by emissions from West
Virginia’s sources.1 79 FR 14460 (March
14, 2014). This progress report SIP and
accompanying cover letter also included
a determination that West Virginia’s
existing regional haze SIP requires no
substantive revision to achieve the
established regional haze visibility
improvement and emissions reduction
goals for 2018.
States are required to submit a
progress report in the form of a SIP
revision every five years that evaluates
1 West Virginia has two Class I areas within its
borders: Dolly Sods Wilderness Area (Dolly Sods)
and Otter Creek Wilderness Area (Otter Creek).
West Virginia states in the progress report SIP that
West Virginia sources were also identified, through
an area of influence modeling analysis based on
back trajectories, as potentially impacting six Class
I areas in five neighboring states: Brigantine
Wilderness in New Jersey; Great Smoky Mountains
National Park in North Carolina and Tennessee;
James River Face in Virginia; Linville Gorge in
North Carolina; Mammath Cave National Park in
Kentucky; and Shenandoah National Park in
Virginia.
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progress towards the reasonable
progress goals for each mandatory Class
I area within the state and in each
mandatory Class I area outside the state
which may be affected by emissions
from within the state. See 40 CFR
51.308(g). In addition, the provisions
under 40 CFR 51.308(h) require states to
submit, at the same time as the 40 CFR
51.308(g) progress report, a
determination of the adequacy of the
state’s existing regional haze SIP. The
first progress report SIP revision is due
five years after submittal of the initial
regional haze SIP. WVDEP submitted its
regional haze SIP on June 18, 2008 and
submitted its progress report SIP
revision on April 30, 2013. EPA
proposed to find that the progress report
SIP revision satisfied the requirements
of 40 CFR 51.308(g) and (h) in a notice
of proposed rulemaking (NPR)
published in 2014. 79 FR 14460. This
notice supplements EPA’s prior NPR by
more fully explaining and soliciting
comment on the basis for our proposed
approval.
II. Summary of West Virginia’s Progress
Report SIP Revision and the NPR
On April 30, 2013, West Virginia
submitted a SIP revision describing the
progress made towards the reasonable
progress goals of Class I areas in and
outside West Virginia that are affected
by emissions from West Virginia’s
sources, in accordance with
requirements in the Regional Haze
Rule.2 This progress report SIP also
included an assessment of whether West
Virginia’s existing regional haze SIP is
sufficient to allow it and other nearby
states with Class I areas to achieve the
reasonable progress goals by the end of
the first planning period.
The provisions in 40 CFR 51.308(g)
require a progress report SIP to address
seven elements. In the NPR, EPA
proposed to approve the SIP as
adequately addressing each element
under 40 CFR 51.308(g). The seven
elements and EPA’s proposed
conclusions in the NPR are briefly
summarized below.
The provisions in 40 CFR 51.308(g)
require progress report SIPs to include
a description of the status of measures
in the regional haze implementation
plan; a summary of the emissions
reductions achieved; an assessment of
the visibility conditions for each Class
2 EPA promulgated a rule to address regional haze
on July 1, 1999 (64 FR 35713) known as the
Regional Haze Rule. The Regional Haze Rule
revised the existing visibility regulations to
integrate into the regulation provisions addressing
regional haze impairment and established a
comprehensive visibility protection program for
Class I areas. See 40 CFR 51.308 and 51.309.
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I area in the state; an analysis of the
changes in emissions from sources and
activities within the state; an assessment
of any significant changes in
anthropogenic emissions within or
outside the state that have limited or
impeded visibility improvement
progress in Class I areas impacted by the
state’s sources; an assessment of the
sufficiency of the regional haze
implementation plan to enable States to
meet reasonable progress goals; and a
review of the state’s visibility
monitoring strategy. As explained in
detail in the NPR, EPA proposed that
West Virginia’s progress report SIP
addressed each element and therefore
satisfied the requirements under 40 CFR
51.308(g).
In addition, pursuant to 40 CFR
51.308(h), states are required to submit,
at the same time as the progress report
SIP revision, a determination of the
adequacy of their existing regional haze
SIP and to take one of four possible
actions based on information in the
progress report. In its progress report
SIP, West Virginia determined that its
regional haze SIP is sufficient to enable
it and nearby states to achieve the
reasonable progress goals for Class I
areas affected by West Virginia’s
sources. The State accordingly provided
EPA with a negative declaration that
further revision of the existing regional
haze implementation plan was not
needed at this time. See 40 CFR
51.308(h)(1). As explained in detail in
the NPR, EPA proposed to determine
that West Virginia had adequately
addressed 40 CFR 51.308(h) because the
visibility data trends at the Class I areas
impacted by West Virginia’s sources and
the emissions trends of the largest
emitters of visibility-impairing
pollutants both indicate that the
reasonable progress goals for 2018 for
these areas will be met or exceeded.
Therefore, in our NPR, EPA proposed to
approve West Virginia’s progress report
SIP as meeting the requirements of 40
CFR 51.308(g) and (h).
III. Impact of CAIR and CSAPR on
West Virginia’s Progress Report
Decisions by the Courts regarding
EPA rules addressing the interstate
transport of pollutants have had a
substantial impact on EPA’s review of
the regional haze SIPs of many states. In
2005, EPA issued regulations allowing
states to rely on the Clean Air Interstate
Rule (CAIR) to meet certain
requirements of the Regional Haze Rule.
See 70 FR 39104 (July 6, 2005).3 A
3 CAIR required certain states like West Virginia
to reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and
nitrogen oxides (NOX) that significantly contribute
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number of states, including West
Virginia, submitted regional haze SIPs
consistent with these regulatory
provisions. CAIR, however, was
remanded to EPA in 2008, North
Carolina v. EPA, 550 F.3d 1176, 1178
(D.C. Cir. 2008), and replaced by
CSAPR.4 76 FR 48208 (August 8, 2011).
Implementation of CSAPR was
scheduled to begin on January 1, 2012,
when CSAPR would have superseded
the CAIR program. However, numerous
parties filed petitions for review of
CSAPR, and at the end of 2011, the D.C.
Circuit issued an order staying CSAPR
pending resolution of the petitions and
directing EPA to continue to administer
CAIR. Order of Dec. 30, 2011, in EME
Homer City Generation, L.P. v. EPA,
D.C. Cir. No. 11–1302.
EPA finalized a limited approval and
limited disapproval of West Virginia’s
regional haze SIP on March 23, 2012, 77
FR 16937, and issued a Federal
Implementation Plan (FIP) shortly
thereafter to address the deficiencies
identified in our limited disapproval of
West Virginia and other states’ regional
haze plans. 77 FR 33642 (June 7, 2012).
In our FIP, we relied on CSAPR to meet
certain regional haze requirements
notwithstanding that it was stayed at the
time. As we explained, the
determination that CSAPR will provide
for greater reasonable progress than
BART is based on a forward looking
projection of emissions and any year up
until 2018 would have been an
acceptable point of comparison. Id. at
33647. When we issued this FIP, we
anticipated that the requirements of
CSAPR would be implemented prior to
2018. Id. Following these EPA actions,
however, the D.C. Circuit issued a
decision in EME Homer City Generation,
L.P. v. EPA, 696 F.3d 7 (D.C. Cir. 2012),
vacating CSAPR and ordering EPA to
continue administering CAIR pending
the promulgation of a valid
replacement. On April 29, 2014, the
Supreme Court reversed the D.C.
Circuit’s decision on CSAPR and
remanded the case to the D.C. Circuit for
further proceedings. EPA v. EME Homer
City Generation, L.P., 134 S. Ct. 1584
(2014). After the Supreme Court
decision, EPA filed a motion to lift the
stay on CSAPR and asked the D.C.
to downwind nonattainment of the 1997 National
Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for fine
particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone. See 70 FR
25162 (May 12, 2005).
4 CSAPR was issued by EPA to replace CAIR and
to help states reduce air pollution and attain CAA
standards. See 76 FR 48208 (August 8, 2011) (final
rule). CSAPR requires substantial reductions of SO2
and NOX emissions from EGUs in 28 states in the
Eastern United States that significantly contribute
to downwind nonattainment of the 1997 PM2.5 and
ozone NAAQS and 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS.
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Circuit to toll CSAPR’s compliance
deadlines by three years, so that the
Phase 1 emissions budgets apply in
2015 and 2016 (instead of 2012 and
2013), and the Phase 2 emissions
budgets apply in 2017 and beyond
(instead of 2014 and beyond). On
October 23, 2014, the D.C. Circuit
granted EPA’s motion. Order of October
23, 2014, in EME Homer City
Generation, L.P. v. EPA, D.C. Cir. No.
11–1302. EPA issued an interim final
rule to clarify how EPA will implement
CSAPR consistent with the D.C.
Circuit’s order granting EPA’s motion
requesting lifting the stay and tolling the
rule’s deadlines. 79 FR 71663
(December 3, 2014) (interim final
rulemaking).5
Throughout the litigation described
above, EPA has continued to implement
CAIR. Thus, at the time that West
Virginia submitted its progress report
SIP revision, CAIR was in effect, and the
State included an assessment of the
emission reductions from the
implementation of CAIR in its report.
The progress report discussed the status
of the litigation concerning CAIR and
CSAPR, but because CSAPR was not at
that time in effect, West Virginia did not
take emissions reductions from CSAPR
into account in assessing its regional
haze implementation plan. For the same
reason, in our NPR, EPA did not assess
at that time the impact of CSAPR or our
FIP on the ability of West Virginia and
its neighbors to meet their reasonable
progress goals.
The purpose of this supplemental
proposal is to seek comment on the
effect of the D.C. Circuit’s October 23,
2014 order and the effect of the status
of CAIR and CSAPR on our assessment
of West Virginia’s progress report SIP
and its determination that its existing
implementation plan need not be
revised at this time.
Given the complex background
summarized above, EPA is proposing to
determine that West Virginia
appropriately took CAIR into account in
its progress report SIP in describing the
status of the implementation of
measures included in its regional haze
SIP and in summarizing the emissions
reductions achieved. CAIR was in effect
during the 2008–2013 period addressed
by West Virginia’s progress report. EPA
approved West Virginia’s regulations
implementing CAIR as part of the West
Virginia SIP in 2009, 74 FR 38536
(August 4, 2009), and neither West
Virginia nor EPA has taken any action
to remove CAIR from the West Virginia
5 Subsequent to the interim final rulemaking, EPA
began implementation of CSAPR on January 1,
2015.
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SIP. See 40 CFR 52.2520(c). Therefore,
West Virginia appropriately evaluated
and relied on CAIR reductions to
demonstrate the State’s progress
towards meeting its reasonable progress
goals.6
The State’s progress report also
demonstrated Class I areas in other
states impacted by West Virginia
sources were on track to meet their
reasonable progress goals as discussed
in the NPR. EPA’s intention in requiring
the progress reports pursuant to 40 CFR
51.308(g) was to ensure that emission
management measures in the regional
haze SIPs are being implemented on
schedule and that visibility
improvement appears to be consistent
with the reasonable progress goals. 64
FR 35713, 35747 (July 1, 1999). As the
D.C. Circuit only recently lifted the stay
on CSAPR, CAIR was in effect in West
Virginia through 2014, providing the
emission reductions relied upon in West
Virginia’s regional haze SIP. Thus, West
Virginia appropriately took into account
CAIR reductions in assessing the
implementation of measures in the
regional haze SIP for the 2008–2013
timeframe, and EPA believes that it is
appropriate to rely on CAIR emission
reductions for purposes of assessing the
adequacy of West Virginia’s progress
report demonstrating progress up to the
end of 2014 as CAIR remained effective
until that date, pursuant to 40 CFR
51.308(g) and (h).
In addition, EPA also believes
reliance upon CAIR reductions to show
West Virginia’s progress towards
meeting its RPGs from 2008–2013 is
consistent with our prior actions.
During the continued implementation of
CAIR per the direction of the D.C.
Circuit through October 2014, EPA has
approved redesignations of areas to
attainment of the 1997 PM2.5 NAAQS in
which states relied on CAIR as an
‘‘enforceable measure.’’ See 77 FR 76415
(December 28, 2012) (redesignation of
Huntingdon-Ashland, West Virginia); 78
FR 59841 (September 30, 2013)
(redesignation of Wheeling, West
Virginia); and 78 FR 56168 (September
12, 2013) (redesignation of Parkersburg,
West Virginia). While EPA did
previously state in a rulemaking action
on the Florida regional haze SIP that a
five year progress report may be the
appropriate time to address changes, if
necessary, for reasonable progress goal
demonstrations and long term strategies,
6 EPA discussed in the NPR the significance of
reductions in SO2 as West Virginia and the
Visibility Improvement State and Tribal Association
of the Southeast (VISTAS) identified SO2 as the
largest contributor pollutant to visibility
impairment in West Virginia specifically and in the
VISTAS region generally.
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EPA does not believe the remanded
status of CAIR or the imminent
implementation of its replacement
CSAPR at this time impacts the
adequacy of the West Virginia regional
haze SIP to address reasonable progress
from 2008 through 2013 or even through
2014 or to meet requirements in 40 CFR
51.308(g) and (h) because CAIR was
implemented during the time period
evaluated by West Virginia for its
progress report. See generally 77 FR
73369, 73371 (December 10, 2012)
(proposed action on Florida haze SIP).
EPA’s December 3, 2014 interim final
rule sunsets CAIR compliance
requirements on a schedule coordinated
with the implementation of CSAPR
compliance requirements. 79 FR at
71665. As noted above, EPA’s June 7,
2012 FIP replaced West Virginia’s
reliance upon CAIR for regional haze
requirements with reliance on CSAPR to
meet those requirements for the longterm. Because CSAPR should result in
greater emissions reductions of SO2 and
NOX than CAIR throughout the affected
region including in West Virginia and
neighboring states, EPA expects West
Virginia to maintain and continue its
progress towards its reasonable progress
goals for 2018 through continued, and
additional, SO2 and NOX reductions.
See generally 76 FR 48208
(promulgating CSAPR). Although the
implementation of CSAPR was tolled for
three years, the Rule is now being
implemented, and by 2018, the end of
the first regional haze implementation
period, CSAPR will reduce emissions of
SO2 and NOX from EGUS in West
Virginia by the same amount assumed
by EPA when it issued the CSAPR FIP
for West Virginia in June 2012. See 76
FR 48208 (CSAPR promulgation) and 77
FR 33642 (limited disapproval of West
Virginia regional haze SIP and FIP for
West Virginia for certain regional haze
requirements). See February 11, 2015
Memorandum to File in Support of the
Proposed Approval of West Virginia’s
Regional Haze Progress Report, which is
available in the docket for this
rulemaking action and available online
at www.regulations.gov.
At the present time, the requirements
of CSAPR apply to sources in West
Virginia under the terms of a FIP,
because West Virginia to date has not
incorporated the CSAPR requirements
into its SIP. The Regional Haze Rule
requires an assessment of whether the
current ‘‘implementation plan’’ is
sufficient to enable the states to meet all
established reasonable progress goals.
40 CFR 51.308(g)(6). The term
‘‘implementation plan’’ is defined for
purposes of the Regional Haze Rule to
mean ‘‘any [SIP], [FIP], or Tribal
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Implementation Plan.’’ 40 CFR 51.301.
EPA is, therefore, proposing to
determine that we may consider
measures in any issued FIP as well as
those in a state’s regional haze SIP in
assessing the adequacy of the ‘‘existing
implementation plan’’ under 40 CFR
51.308(g)(6) and (h). Because CSAPR
will ensure the control of SO2 and NOX
emissions reductions relied upon by
West Virginia and other states in setting
their reasonable progress goals
beginning in January 2015 at least
through the remainder of the first
implementation period in 2018, EPA is
proposing to approve West Virginia’s
finding that there is no need for revision
of the existing implementation plan for
West Virginia to achieve the reasonable
progress goals for the Class I areas in
West Virginia and in nearby states
impacted by West Virginia sources.
We note that the Regional Haze Rule
provides for periodic evaluation and
assessment of a state’s reasonable
progress towards achieving the national
goal of natural visibility conditions by
2064 for CAA section 169A(b). The
regional haze regulations at 40 CFR
51.308 required states to submit initial
SIPs in 2007 providing for reasonable
progress towards the national goal for
the first implementation period from
2008 through 2018. 40 CFR 51.308(b).
Pursuant to 40 CFR 51.308(f), SIP
revisions reassessing each state’s
reasonable progress towards the
national goal are due every ten years
after that time. For such subsequent
regional haze SIPs, 40 CFR 51.308(f)
requires each state to reassess its
reasonable progress and all the elements
of its regional haze SIP required by 40
CFR 51.308(d), taking into account
improvements in monitors and control
technology, assessing the state’s actual
progress and effectiveness of its long
term strategy, and revising reasonable
progress goals as necessary. 40 CFR
51.308(f)(1)–(3). Therefore, West
Virginia has the opportunity to reassess
its reasonable progress goals and the
adequacy of its regional haze SIP,
including its reliance upon CAIR and
CSAPR for emission reductions from
EGUs, when it prepares and submits its
second regional haze SIP to cover the
implementation period from 2018
through 2028. As discussed in the NPR
and in West Virginia’s progress report,
emissions of SO2 from EGUs are far
below original projections for 2018. In
addition, the visibility data provided by
West Virginia show the Class I areas
impacted by West Virginia sources are
all currently on track to achieve their
E:\FR\FM\10MRP1.SGM
10MRP1
Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 46 / Tuesday, March 10, 2015 / Proposed Rules
reasonable progress goals.7 EPA is
seeking comment only on the issues
raised in this supplemental proposal
and is not reopening for comment other
issues addressed in its prior proposal.
IV. Summary of Reproposal
mstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS
In summary, EPA proposes to approve
West Virginia’s progress report SIP
revision submitted on April 30, 2013.
EPA solicits comments on this
supplemental proposal, but only with
respect to the specific issues raised in
this notice concerning our interpretation
of the term ‘‘implementation plan’’ in
the Regional Haze Rule, and our
agreement with West Virginia’s
assessment that the current regional
haze SIP for West Virginia in
combination with our CSAPR FIP need
not be revised at this time to achieve the
established reasonable progress goals for
West Virginia and other nearby states in
light of the status of CAIR through 2014
and CSAPR starting in 2015. EPA is not
reopening the comment period on any
other aspect of the March 14, 2014 NPR
as an adequate opportunity to comment
on those issues has already been
provided. The purpose of this
supplemental proposal is limited to
review of the West Virginia progress
report in light of the Supreme Court’s
decision in EME Homer City and the
D.C. Circuit’s recent Order lifting the
stay on CSAPR. This supplemental
proposal reflects EPA’s desire for public
input into how it should proceed in
light of those decisions when acting on
the pending progress report, in
particular the requirements that the
State assess whether the current
implementation plan is sufficient to
ensure that reasonable progress goals are
met. 40 CFR 51.308(g)(6) and (h).8
7 Many coal-fired EGUs have announced plans to
deactivate by April 2015 including several plants in
West Virginia, including Albright, Kammer,
Kanawha River, Phillip Sporn and Rivesville, as
well as plants or individual units at plants in states
neighboring West Virginia including Glen Lynn,
Walter C. Beckjord, Muskingum River, Elrama,
Clinch River, Eastlake, Ashtabula, and Big Sandy.
Additional SO2 reductions will likely result from
the deactivations of these coal-fired EGUs. For a
listing of EGUs planning to deactivate in the states
which are part of PJM Interconnection, L.L.C., a
regional transmission organization which
coordinates the movement of wholesale electricity
within states including West Virginia, see https://
www.pjm.com/planning/generation-deactivation/
gd-summaries.aspx.
8 EPA previously determined that CSAPR (like
CAIR before it) was ‘‘better than BART’’ because it
would achieve greater reasonable progress toward
the national goal than would source-specific BART.
77 FR 33642 (June 7, 2012). EPA is not taking
comment in this supplemental proposal on whether
the West Virginia implementation plan meets the
BART requirements or whether CSAPR is an
alternative measure to source-specific BART in
accordance with 40 CFR 52.301(e)(2).
VerDate Sep<11>2014
17:08 Mar 09, 2015
Jkt 235001
12611
V. Statutory and Executive Order
Reviews
substantial direct costs on tribal
governments or preempt tribal law.
Under the CAA, the Administrator is
required to approve a SIP submission
that complies with the provisions of the
CAA and applicable Federal regulations.
42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a).
Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions,
EPA’s role is to approve state choices,
provided that they meet the criteria of
the CAA. Accordingly, this action
merely proposes to approve state law as
meeting Federal requirements and does
not impose additional requirements
beyond those imposed by state law. For
that reason, this proposed action:
• Is not a ‘‘significant regulatory
action’’ subject to review by the Office
of Management and Budget under
Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735,
October 4, 1993);
• Does not impose an information
collection burden under the provisions
of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44
U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
• Is certified as not having a
significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities
under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5
U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
• Does not contain any unfunded
mandate or significantly or uniquely
affect small governments, as described
in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4);
• Does not have Federalism
implications as specified in Executive
Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10,
1999);
• Is not an economically significant
regulatory action based on health or
safety risks subject to Executive Order
13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997);
• Is not a significant regulatory action
subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR
28355, May 22, 2001);
• Is not subject to requirements of
Section 12(d) of the National
Technology Transfer and Advancement
Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because
this action does not involve technical
standards; and
• Does not provide EPA with the
discretionary authority to address, as
appropriate, disproportionate human
health or environmental effects, using
practicable and legally permissible
methods, under Executive Order 12898
(59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
In addition, this supplemental
proposed rule pertaining to West
Virginia’s regional haze progress report
does not have tribal implications as
specified by Executive Order 13175 (65
FR 67249, November 9, 2000), because
the SIP is not approved to apply in
Indian country located in the state, and
EPA notes that it will not impose
List of Subjects in 40 CFR part 52
PO 00000
Frm 00008
Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Intergovernmental relations,
Nitrogen oxides, Particulate matter,
Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Sulfur dioxide, Volatile
organic compounds.
Dated: March 2, 2015.
William C. Early,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region III.
[FR Doc. 2015–05468 Filed 3–9–15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration
50 CFR Part 660
[Docket No. 141219999–5174–01]
RIN 0648–BE74
Magnuson-Stevens Act Provisions;
Fisheries off West Coast States;
Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery; 2015
Tribal Fishery for Pacific Whiting
National Marine Fisheries
Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA),
Commerce.
ACTION: Proposed rule; request for
comments.
AGENCY:
NMFS issues this proposed
rule for the 2015 Pacific whiting fishery
under the authority of the Pacific Coast
Groundfish Fishery Management Plan
(FMP), the Magnuson Stevens Fishery
Conservation and Management Act
(Magnuson-Stevens Act), and the Pacific
Whiting Act of 2006. This proposed rule
would allocate 17.5% of the U.S. Total
Allowable Catch of Pacific whiting for
2015 to Pacific Coast Indian tribes that
have a Treaty right to harvest
groundfish, and would revise the
regulation authorizing NMFS to
reapportion unused allocation from the
tribal allocation to the non-tribal sectors
earlier in the fishing season.
DATES: Comments on this proposed rule
must be received no later than April 9,
2015.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments
on this document, identified by NOAA–
NMFS–2015–0017, by any of the
following methods:
• Electronic Submission: Submit all
electronic public comments via the
Federal eRulemaking Portal. Go to
www.regulations.gov/#!docketDetail;D=
SUMMARY:
E:\FR\FM\10MRP1.SGM
10MRP1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 46 (Tuesday, March 10, 2015)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 12607-12611]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2015-05468]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA-R03-OAR-2013-0423; FRL 9924-23-Region 3]
Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; West Virginia;
Regional Haze Five-Year Progress Report State Implementation Plan
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule; supplemental.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is issuing a
supplement to its proposed approval of a State Implementation Plan
(SIP) revision submitted by the State of West Virginia (West Virginia)
through the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection
(WVDEP). West Virginia's SIP revision addresses requirements of the
Clean Air Act (CAA) and EPA's rules that require states to submit
periodic reports describing progress towards reasonable progress goals
established for regional haze and a determination of the adequacy of
the state's existing implementation plan addressing regional haze
(regional haze SIP). EPA's proposed approval of West Virginia's
periodic report on progress towards reasonable progress goals and
determination of adequacy of the state's regional haze SIP was
published in the
[[Page 12608]]
Federal Register on March 14, 2014. This supplemental proposal
addresses the potential effects on our proposed approval from the April
29, 2014 decision of the United States Supreme Court (Supreme Court)
remanding to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of
Columbia Circuit (D.C. Circuit) EPA's Cross-State Air Pollution Rule
(CSAPR) for further proceedings and the D.C. Circuit's decision to lift
the stay of CSAPR.
DATES: Comments must be received on or before April 9, 2015.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID Number EPA-
R03-OAR-2013-0423, by one of the following methods:
A. www.regulations.gov. Follow the on-line instructions for
submitting comments.
B. Email: powers.marilyn@epa.gov.
C. Mail: EPA-R03-OAR-2014-0652, Marilyn Powers, Acting Associate
Director, Office of Air Program Planning, Mailcode 3AP30, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Region III, 1650 Arch Street,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103.
D. Hand Delivery: At the previously-listed EPA Region III address.
Such deliveries are only accepted during the Docket's normal hours of
operation, and special arrangements should be made for deliveries of
boxed information.
Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA-R03-OAR-
2013-0423. EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included
in the public docket without change, and may be made available online
at www.regulations.gov, including any personal information provided,
unless the comment includes information claimed to be Confidential
Business Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute. Do not submit information that you consider to
be CBI or otherwise protected through www.regulations.gov or email. The
www.regulation.gov Web site is an ``anonymous access'' system, which
means EPA will not know your identity or contact information unless you
provide it in the body of your comment. If you send an email comment
directly to EPA without going through www.regulations.gov, your email
address will be automatically captured and included as part of the
comment that is placed in the public docket and made available on the
Internet. If you submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends that you
include your name and other contact information in the body of your
comment and with any disk or CD-ROM you submit. If EPA cannot read your
comment due to technical difficulties and cannot contact you for
clarification, EPA may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic
files should avoid the use of special characters, any form of
encryption, and be free of any defects or viruses.
Docket: All documents in the electronic docket are listed in the
www.regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some
information is not publicly available, i.e., CBI or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such
as copyrighted material, is not placed on the Internet and will be
publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly available docket
materials are available either electronically in www.regulations.gov or
in hard copy during normal business hours at the Air Protection
Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region III, 1650 Arch
Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103. Copies of West Virginia's
submittal are available at the West Virginia Department of
Environmental Protection, Division of Air Quality, 601 57th Street SE.,
Charleston, West Virginia 25304.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Asrah Khadr, (215) 814-2071, or by
email at khadr.asrah@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
EPA previously proposed to approve a SIP revision by West Virginia
reporting on progress made in the first implementation period towards
meeting the reasonable progress goals for Class I areas in and outside
West Virginia that are affected by emissions from West Virginia's
sources.\1\ 79 FR 14460 (March 14, 2014). This progress report SIP and
accompanying cover letter also included a determination that West
Virginia's existing regional haze SIP requires no substantive revision
to achieve the established regional haze visibility improvement and
emissions reduction goals for 2018.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ West Virginia has two Class I areas within its borders:
Dolly Sods Wilderness Area (Dolly Sods) and Otter Creek Wilderness
Area (Otter Creek). West Virginia states in the progress report SIP
that West Virginia sources were also identified, through an area of
influence modeling analysis based on back trajectories, as
potentially impacting six Class I areas in five neighboring states:
Brigantine Wilderness in New Jersey; Great Smoky Mountains National
Park in North Carolina and Tennessee; James River Face in Virginia;
Linville Gorge in North Carolina; Mammath Cave National Park in
Kentucky; and Shenandoah National Park in Virginia.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
States are required to submit a progress report in the form of a
SIP revision every five years that evaluates progress towards the
reasonable progress goals for each mandatory Class I area within the
state and in each mandatory Class I area outside the state which may be
affected by emissions from within the state. See 40 CFR 51.308(g). In
addition, the provisions under 40 CFR 51.308(h) require states to
submit, at the same time as the 40 CFR 51.308(g) progress report, a
determination of the adequacy of the state's existing regional haze
SIP. The first progress report SIP revision is due five years after
submittal of the initial regional haze SIP. WVDEP submitted its
regional haze SIP on June 18, 2008 and submitted its progress report
SIP revision on April 30, 2013. EPA proposed to find that the progress
report SIP revision satisfied the requirements of 40 CFR 51.308(g) and
(h) in a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPR) published in 2014. 79 FR
14460. This notice supplements EPA's prior NPR by more fully explaining
and soliciting comment on the basis for our proposed approval.
II. Summary of West Virginia's Progress Report SIP Revision and the NPR
On April 30, 2013, West Virginia submitted a SIP revision
describing the progress made towards the reasonable progress goals of
Class I areas in and outside West Virginia that are affected by
emissions from West Virginia's sources, in accordance with requirements
in the Regional Haze Rule.\2\ This progress report SIP also included an
assessment of whether West Virginia's existing regional haze SIP is
sufficient to allow it and other nearby states with Class I areas to
achieve the reasonable progress goals by the end of the first planning
period.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ EPA promulgated a rule to address regional haze on July 1,
1999 (64 FR 35713) known as the Regional Haze Rule. The Regional
Haze Rule revised the existing visibility regulations to integrate
into the regulation provisions addressing regional haze impairment
and established a comprehensive visibility protection program for
Class I areas. See 40 CFR 51.308 and 51.309.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The provisions in 40 CFR 51.308(g) require a progress report SIP to
address seven elements. In the NPR, EPA proposed to approve the SIP as
adequately addressing each element under 40 CFR 51.308(g). The seven
elements and EPA's proposed conclusions in the NPR are briefly
summarized below.
The provisions in 40 CFR 51.308(g) require progress report SIPs to
include a description of the status of measures in the regional haze
implementation plan; a summary of the emissions reductions achieved; an
assessment of the visibility conditions for each Class
[[Page 12609]]
I area in the state; an analysis of the changes in emissions from
sources and activities within the state; an assessment of any
significant changes in anthropogenic emissions within or outside the
state that have limited or impeded visibility improvement progress in
Class I areas impacted by the state's sources; an assessment of the
sufficiency of the regional haze implementation plan to enable States
to meet reasonable progress goals; and a review of the state's
visibility monitoring strategy. As explained in detail in the NPR, EPA
proposed that West Virginia's progress report SIP addressed each
element and therefore satisfied the requirements under 40 CFR
51.308(g).
In addition, pursuant to 40 CFR 51.308(h), states are required to
submit, at the same time as the progress report SIP revision, a
determination of the adequacy of their existing regional haze SIP and
to take one of four possible actions based on information in the
progress report. In its progress report SIP, West Virginia determined
that its regional haze SIP is sufficient to enable it and nearby states
to achieve the reasonable progress goals for Class I areas affected by
West Virginia's sources. The State accordingly provided EPA with a
negative declaration that further revision of the existing regional
haze implementation plan was not needed at this time. See 40 CFR
51.308(h)(1). As explained in detail in the NPR, EPA proposed to
determine that West Virginia had adequately addressed 40 CFR 51.308(h)
because the visibility data trends at the Class I areas impacted by
West Virginia's sources and the emissions trends of the largest
emitters of visibility-impairing pollutants both indicate that the
reasonable progress goals for 2018 for these areas will be met or
exceeded. Therefore, in our NPR, EPA proposed to approve West
Virginia's progress report SIP as meeting the requirements of 40 CFR
51.308(g) and (h).
III. Impact of CAIR and CSAPR on West Virginia's Progress Report
Decisions by the Courts regarding EPA rules addressing the
interstate transport of pollutants have had a substantial impact on
EPA's review of the regional haze SIPs of many states. In 2005, EPA
issued regulations allowing states to rely on the Clean Air Interstate
Rule (CAIR) to meet certain requirements of the Regional Haze Rule. See
70 FR 39104 (July 6, 2005).\3\ A number of states, including West
Virginia, submitted regional haze SIPs consistent with these regulatory
provisions. CAIR, however, was remanded to EPA in 2008, North Carolina
v. EPA, 550 F.3d 1176, 1178 (D.C. Cir. 2008), and replaced by CSAPR.\4\
76 FR 48208 (August 8, 2011). Implementation of CSAPR was scheduled to
begin on January 1, 2012, when CSAPR would have superseded the CAIR
program. However, numerous parties filed petitions for review of CSAPR,
and at the end of 2011, the D.C. Circuit issued an order staying CSAPR
pending resolution of the petitions and directing EPA to continue to
administer CAIR. Order of Dec. 30, 2011, in EME Homer City Generation,
L.P. v. EPA, D.C. Cir. No. 11-1302.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ CAIR required certain states like West Virginia to reduce
emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides
(NOX) that significantly contribute to downwind
nonattainment of the 1997 National Ambient Air Quality Standard
(NAAQS) for fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone.
See 70 FR 25162 (May 12, 2005).
\4\ CSAPR was issued by EPA to replace CAIR and to help states
reduce air pollution and attain CAA standards. See 76 FR 48208
(August 8, 2011) (final rule). CSAPR requires substantial reductions
of SO2 and NOX emissions from EGUs in 28
states in the Eastern United States that significantly contribute to
downwind nonattainment of the 1997 PM2.5 and ozone NAAQS
and 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
EPA finalized a limited approval and limited disapproval of West
Virginia's regional haze SIP on March 23, 2012, 77 FR 16937, and issued
a Federal Implementation Plan (FIP) shortly thereafter to address the
deficiencies identified in our limited disapproval of West Virginia and
other states' regional haze plans. 77 FR 33642 (June 7, 2012). In our
FIP, we relied on CSAPR to meet certain regional haze requirements
notwithstanding that it was stayed at the time. As we explained, the
determination that CSAPR will provide for greater reasonable progress
than BART is based on a forward looking projection of emissions and any
year up until 2018 would have been an acceptable point of comparison.
Id. at 33647. When we issued this FIP, we anticipated that the
requirements of CSAPR would be implemented prior to 2018. Id. Following
these EPA actions, however, the D.C. Circuit issued a decision in EME
Homer City Generation, L.P. v. EPA, 696 F.3d 7 (D.C. Cir. 2012),
vacating CSAPR and ordering EPA to continue administering CAIR pending
the promulgation of a valid replacement. On April 29, 2014, the Supreme
Court reversed the D.C. Circuit's decision on CSAPR and remanded the
case to the D.C. Circuit for further proceedings. EPA v. EME Homer City
Generation, L.P., 134 S. Ct. 1584 (2014). After the Supreme Court
decision, EPA filed a motion to lift the stay on CSAPR and asked the
D.C. Circuit to toll CSAPR's compliance deadlines by three years, so
that the Phase 1 emissions budgets apply in 2015 and 2016 (instead of
2012 and 2013), and the Phase 2 emissions budgets apply in 2017 and
beyond (instead of 2014 and beyond). On October 23, 2014, the D.C.
Circuit granted EPA's motion. Order of October 23, 2014, in EME Homer
City Generation, L.P. v. EPA, D.C. Cir. No. 11-1302. EPA issued an
interim final rule to clarify how EPA will implement CSAPR consistent
with the D.C. Circuit's order granting EPA's motion requesting lifting
the stay and tolling the rule's deadlines. 79 FR 71663 (December 3,
2014) (interim final rulemaking).\5\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\5\ Subsequent to the interim final rulemaking, EPA began
implementation of CSAPR on January 1, 2015.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Throughout the litigation described above, EPA has continued to
implement CAIR. Thus, at the time that West Virginia submitted its
progress report SIP revision, CAIR was in effect, and the State
included an assessment of the emission reductions from the
implementation of CAIR in its report. The progress report discussed the
status of the litigation concerning CAIR and CSAPR, but because CSAPR
was not at that time in effect, West Virginia did not take emissions
reductions from CSAPR into account in assessing its regional haze
implementation plan. For the same reason, in our NPR, EPA did not
assess at that time the impact of CSAPR or our FIP on the ability of
West Virginia and its neighbors to meet their reasonable progress
goals.
The purpose of this supplemental proposal is to seek comment on the
effect of the D.C. Circuit's October 23, 2014 order and the effect of
the status of CAIR and CSAPR on our assessment of West Virginia's
progress report SIP and its determination that its existing
implementation plan need not be revised at this time.
Given the complex background summarized above, EPA is proposing to
determine that West Virginia appropriately took CAIR into account in
its progress report SIP in describing the status of the implementation
of measures included in its regional haze SIP and in summarizing the
emissions reductions achieved. CAIR was in effect during the 2008-2013
period addressed by West Virginia's progress report. EPA approved West
Virginia's regulations implementing CAIR as part of the West Virginia
SIP in 2009, 74 FR 38536 (August 4, 2009), and neither West Virginia
nor EPA has taken any action to remove CAIR from the West Virginia
[[Page 12610]]
SIP. See 40 CFR 52.2520(c). Therefore, West Virginia appropriately
evaluated and relied on CAIR reductions to demonstrate the State's
progress towards meeting its reasonable progress goals.\6\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\6\ EPA discussed in the NPR the significance of reductions in
SO2 as West Virginia and the Visibility Improvement State
and Tribal Association of the Southeast (VISTAS) identified
SO2 as the largest contributor pollutant to visibility
impairment in West Virginia specifically and in the VISTAS region
generally.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The State's progress report also demonstrated Class I areas in
other states impacted by West Virginia sources were on track to meet
their reasonable progress goals as discussed in the NPR. EPA's
intention in requiring the progress reports pursuant to 40 CFR
51.308(g) was to ensure that emission management measures in the
regional haze SIPs are being implemented on schedule and that
visibility improvement appears to be consistent with the reasonable
progress goals. 64 FR 35713, 35747 (July 1, 1999). As the D.C. Circuit
only recently lifted the stay on CSAPR, CAIR was in effect in West
Virginia through 2014, providing the emission reductions relied upon in
West Virginia's regional haze SIP. Thus, West Virginia appropriately
took into account CAIR reductions in assessing the implementation of
measures in the regional haze SIP for the 2008-2013 timeframe, and EPA
believes that it is appropriate to rely on CAIR emission reductions for
purposes of assessing the adequacy of West Virginia's progress report
demonstrating progress up to the end of 2014 as CAIR remained effective
until that date, pursuant to 40 CFR 51.308(g) and (h).
In addition, EPA also believes reliance upon CAIR reductions to
show West Virginia's progress towards meeting its RPGs from 2008-2013
is consistent with our prior actions. During the continued
implementation of CAIR per the direction of the D.C. Circuit through
October 2014, EPA has approved redesignations of areas to attainment of
the 1997 PM2.5 NAAQS in which states relied on CAIR as an
``enforceable measure.'' See 77 FR 76415 (December 28, 2012)
(redesignation of Huntingdon-Ashland, West Virginia); 78 FR 59841
(September 30, 2013) (redesignation of Wheeling, West Virginia); and 78
FR 56168 (September 12, 2013) (redesignation of Parkersburg, West
Virginia). While EPA did previously state in a rulemaking action on the
Florida regional haze SIP that a five year progress report may be the
appropriate time to address changes, if necessary, for reasonable
progress goal demonstrations and long term strategies, EPA does not
believe the remanded status of CAIR or the imminent implementation of
its replacement CSAPR at this time impacts the adequacy of the West
Virginia regional haze SIP to address reasonable progress from 2008
through 2013 or even through 2014 or to meet requirements in 40 CFR
51.308(g) and (h) because CAIR was implemented during the time period
evaluated by West Virginia for its progress report. See generally 77 FR
73369, 73371 (December 10, 2012) (proposed action on Florida haze SIP).
EPA's December 3, 2014 interim final rule sunsets CAIR compliance
requirements on a schedule coordinated with the implementation of CSAPR
compliance requirements. 79 FR at 71665. As noted above, EPA's June 7,
2012 FIP replaced West Virginia's reliance upon CAIR for regional haze
requirements with reliance on CSAPR to meet those requirements for the
long-term. Because CSAPR should result in greater emissions reductions
of SO2 and NOX than CAIR throughout the affected
region including in West Virginia and neighboring states, EPA expects
West Virginia to maintain and continue its progress towards its
reasonable progress goals for 2018 through continued, and additional,
SO2 and NOX reductions. See generally 76 FR 48208
(promulgating CSAPR). Although the implementation of CSAPR was tolled
for three years, the Rule is now being implemented, and by 2018, the
end of the first regional haze implementation period, CSAPR will reduce
emissions of SO2 and NOX from EGUS in West
Virginia by the same amount assumed by EPA when it issued the CSAPR FIP
for West Virginia in June 2012. See 76 FR 48208 (CSAPR promulgation)
and 77 FR 33642 (limited disapproval of West Virginia regional haze SIP
and FIP for West Virginia for certain regional haze requirements). See
February 11, 2015 Memorandum to File in Support of the Proposed
Approval of West Virginia's Regional Haze Progress Report, which is
available in the docket for this rulemaking action and available online
at www.regulations.gov.
At the present time, the requirements of CSAPR apply to sources in
West Virginia under the terms of a FIP, because West Virginia to date
has not incorporated the CSAPR requirements into its SIP. The Regional
Haze Rule requires an assessment of whether the current
``implementation plan'' is sufficient to enable the states to meet all
established reasonable progress goals. 40 CFR 51.308(g)(6). The term
``implementation plan'' is defined for purposes of the Regional Haze
Rule to mean ``any [SIP], [FIP], or Tribal Implementation Plan.'' 40
CFR 51.301. EPA is, therefore, proposing to determine that we may
consider measures in any issued FIP as well as those in a state's
regional haze SIP in assessing the adequacy of the ``existing
implementation plan'' under 40 CFR 51.308(g)(6) and (h). Because CSAPR
will ensure the control of SO2 and NOX emissions
reductions relied upon by West Virginia and other states in setting
their reasonable progress goals beginning in January 2015 at least
through the remainder of the first implementation period in 2018, EPA
is proposing to approve West Virginia's finding that there is no need
for revision of the existing implementation plan for West Virginia to
achieve the reasonable progress goals for the Class I areas in West
Virginia and in nearby states impacted by West Virginia sources.
We note that the Regional Haze Rule provides for periodic
evaluation and assessment of a state's reasonable progress towards
achieving the national goal of natural visibility conditions by 2064
for CAA section 169A(b). The regional haze regulations at 40 CFR 51.308
required states to submit initial SIPs in 2007 providing for reasonable
progress towards the national goal for the first implementation period
from 2008 through 2018. 40 CFR 51.308(b). Pursuant to 40 CFR 51.308(f),
SIP revisions reassessing each state's reasonable progress towards the
national goal are due every ten years after that time. For such
subsequent regional haze SIPs, 40 CFR 51.308(f) requires each state to
reassess its reasonable progress and all the elements of its regional
haze SIP required by 40 CFR 51.308(d), taking into account improvements
in monitors and control technology, assessing the state's actual
progress and effectiveness of its long term strategy, and revising
reasonable progress goals as necessary. 40 CFR 51.308(f)(1)-(3).
Therefore, West Virginia has the opportunity to reassess its reasonable
progress goals and the adequacy of its regional haze SIP, including its
reliance upon CAIR and CSAPR for emission reductions from EGUs, when it
prepares and submits its second regional haze SIP to cover the
implementation period from 2018 through 2028. As discussed in the NPR
and in West Virginia's progress report, emissions of SO2
from EGUs are far below original projections for 2018. In addition, the
visibility data provided by West Virginia show the Class I areas
impacted by West Virginia sources are all currently on track to achieve
their
[[Page 12611]]
reasonable progress goals.\7\ EPA is seeking comment only on the issues
raised in this supplemental proposal and is not reopening for comment
other issues addressed in its prior proposal.
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\7\ Many coal-fired EGUs have announced plans to deactivate by
April 2015 including several plants in West Virginia, including
Albright, Kammer, Kanawha River, Phillip Sporn and Rivesville, as
well as plants or individual units at plants in states neighboring
West Virginia including Glen Lynn, Walter C. Beckjord, Muskingum
River, Elrama, Clinch River, Eastlake, Ashtabula, and Big Sandy.
Additional SO2 reductions will likely result from the
deactivations of these coal-fired EGUs. For a listing of EGUs
planning to deactivate in the states which are part of PJM
Interconnection, L.L.C., a regional transmission organization which
coordinates the movement of wholesale electricity within states
including West Virginia, see https://www.pjm.com/planning/generation-deactivation/gd-summaries.aspx.
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IV. Summary of Reproposal
In summary, EPA proposes to approve West Virginia's progress report
SIP revision submitted on April 30, 2013. EPA solicits comments on this
supplemental proposal, but only with respect to the specific issues
raised in this notice concerning our interpretation of the term
``implementation plan'' in the Regional Haze Rule, and our agreement
with West Virginia's assessment that the current regional haze SIP for
West Virginia in combination with our CSAPR FIP need not be revised at
this time to achieve the established reasonable progress goals for West
Virginia and other nearby states in light of the status of CAIR through
2014 and CSAPR starting in 2015. EPA is not reopening the comment
period on any other aspect of the March 14, 2014 NPR as an adequate
opportunity to comment on those issues has already been provided. The
purpose of this supplemental proposal is limited to review of the West
Virginia progress report in light of the Supreme Court's decision in
EME Homer City and the D.C. Circuit's recent Order lifting the stay on
CSAPR. This supplemental proposal reflects EPA's desire for public
input into how it should proceed in light of those decisions when
acting on the pending progress report, in particular the requirements
that the State assess whether the current implementation plan is
sufficient to ensure that reasonable progress goals are met. 40 CFR
51.308(g)(6) and (h).\8\
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\8\ EPA previously determined that CSAPR (like CAIR before it)
was ``better than BART'' because it would achieve greater reasonable
progress toward the national goal than would source-specific BART.
77 FR 33642 (June 7, 2012). EPA is not taking comment in this
supplemental proposal on whether the West Virginia implementation
plan meets the BART requirements or whether CSAPR is an alternative
measure to source-specific BART in accordance with 40 CFR
52.301(e)(2).
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V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP
submission that complies with the provisions of the CAA and applicable
Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in
reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve state choices,
provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. Accordingly, this
action merely proposes to approve state law as meeting Federal
requirements and does not impose additional requirements beyond those
imposed by state law. For that reason, this proposed action:
Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' subject to
review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Order
12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993);
Does not impose an information collection burden under the
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
Is certified as not having a significant economic impact
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
Does not have Federalism implications as specified in
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
Is not an economically significant regulatory action based
on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR
19885, April 23, 1997);
Is not a significant regulatory action subject to
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001);
Is not subject to requirements of Section 12(d) of the
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272
note) because this action does not involve technical standards; and
Does not provide EPA with the discretionary authority to
address, as appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental
effects, using practicable and legally permissible methods, under
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
In addition, this supplemental proposed rule pertaining to West
Virginia's regional haze progress report does not have tribal
implications as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249,
November 9, 2000), because the SIP is not approved to apply in Indian
country located in the state, and EPA notes that it will not impose
substantial direct costs on tribal governments or preempt tribal law.
List of Subjects in 40 CFR part 52
Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Intergovernmental relations, Nitrogen oxides, Particulate
matter, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Sulfur dioxide,
Volatile organic compounds.
Dated: March 2, 2015.
William C. Early,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region III.
[FR Doc. 2015-05468 Filed 3-9-15; 8:45 am]
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