Authorizations of Emergency Use of In Vitro Diagnostic Devices for Detection of Ebola Zaire Virus; Availability, 77500-77515 [2014-30108]

Agencies

• Food and Drug Administration
• DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

[Federal Register Volume 79, Number 247 (Wednesday, December 24, 2014)]
[Notices]
[Pages 77500-77515]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2014-30108]


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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Food and Drug Administration

[Docket No. FDA-2014-N-2104]


Authorizations of Emergency Use of In Vitro Diagnostic Devices 
for Detection of Ebola Zaire Virus; Availability

AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS.

ACTION: Notice.

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SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is announcing the 
issuance of two Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs) (the 
Authorizations) for two in vitro diagnostic devices for detection of 
the Ebola Zaire virus. FDA is issuing these Authorizations under the 
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the FD&C Act), as requested by 
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The 
Authorizations contain, among other things, conditions on the emergency 
use of the authorized in vitro diagnostic devices. The Authorizations 
follow the September 22, 2006, determination by then-Secretary of the 
Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Michael Chertoff, that the Ebola 
virus presents a material threat against the U.S. population sufficient 
to affect national security. On the basis of such determination, the 
Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) declared on August 5, 
2014, that circumstances exist justifying the authorization of 
emergency use of in vitro diagnostics for detection of Ebola virus 
subject to the terms of any authorization issued under the FD&C Act. 
The Authorizations, which include an explanation of the reasons for 
issuance, are reprinted in this document.

DATES: The Authorizations are effective as of October 10, 2014.

ADDRESSES: Submit written requests for single copies of the EUAs to the 
Office of Counterterrorism and Emerging Threats, Food and Drug 
Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 1, Rm. 4338, Silver 
Spring, MD 20993-0002. Send one self-addressed adhesive label to assist 
that office in processing your request or include a fax number to which 
the Authorizations may be sent. See the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION 
section for electronic access to the Authorizations.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Luciana Borio, Assistant Commissioner 
for Counterterrorism Policy, Office of Counterterrorism and Emerging 
Threats, and Acting Deputy Chief Scientist, Food and Drug 
Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 1, Rm. 4340, Silver 
Spring, MD 20993-0002, 301-796-8510 (this is not a toll free number).

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Background

    Section 564 of the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 360bbb-3) as amended by the 
Project BioShield Act of 2004 (Pub. L. 108-276) and the Pandemic and 
All-Hazards Preparedness Reauthorization Act of 2013 (Pub. L. 113-5) 
allows FDA to strengthen the public health protections against 
biological, chemical, nuclear, and radiological agents. Among other 
things, section 564 of the FD&C Act allows FDA to authorize the use of 
an unapproved medical product or an unapproved use of an approved 
medical product in certain situations. With this EUA authority, FDA can 
help assure that medical countermeasures may be used in emergencies to 
diagnose, treat, or prevent serious or life-threatening diseases or 
conditions caused by biological, chemical, nuclear, or radiological 
agents when there are no adequate, approved, and available 
alternatives.
    Section 564(b)(1) of the FD&C Act provides that, before an EUA may 
be issued, the Secretary of HHS must declare that circumstances exist 
justifying the authorization based on one of the following grounds: (1) 
A determination by the Secretary of Homeland Security that there is a 
domestic emergency, or a significant potential for a domestic 
emergency, involving a heightened risk of attack with a biological, 
chemical, radiological, or nuclear agent or agents; (2) a determination 
by the Secretary of Defense that there is a military emergency, or a 
significant potential for a military emergency, involving a heightened 
risk to U.S. military forces of attack with a biological, chemical, 
radiological, or nuclear agent or agents; (3) a determination by the 
Secretary of HHS that there is a public health emergency, or a 
significant potential for a public health emergency, that affects, or 
has a significant potential to affect, national security or the health 
and security of U.S. citizens living abroad, and that involves a 
biological, chemical, radiological, or nuclear agent or agents, or a 
disease or condition that may be attributable to such agent or agents; 
or (4) the identification of a material threat by the Secretary of 
Homeland Security under section 319F-2 of the Public Health Service 
(PHS) Act (42 U.S.C. 247d-6b) sufficient to affect national security or 
the health and security of U.S. citizens living abroad.
    Once the Secretary of HHS has declared that circumstances exist 
justifying an authorization under section 564 of the FD&C Act, FDA may 
authorize the emergency use of a drug, device, or biological product if 
the Agency concludes that the statutory criteria are satisfied. Under 
section 564(h)(1) of the FD&C Act, FDA is required to publish in the 
Federal Register a notice of each authorization, and each termination 
or revocation of an authorization, and an explanation of the reasons 
for the action. Section 564 of the FD&C Act permits FDA to authorize 
the introduction into interstate commerce of a drug, device, or 
biological product intended for use when the Secretary of HHS has 
declared that circumstances exist justifying the authorization of 
emergency use. Products appropriate for emergency use may include 
products and uses that are not approved, cleared, or licensed under 
sections 505, 510(k), or 515 of the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 355, 360(k), 
and 360e) or section 351 of the PHS Act (42 U.S.C. 262). FDA may issue 
an EUA only if, after consultation with the HHS Assistant Secretary for 
Preparedness and Response, the Director of the National Institutes of 
Health, and the Director of the CDC (to the extent feasible and 
appropriate given the applicable circumstances), FDA \1\ concludes: (1) 
That an agent referred to in a declaration of emergency or threat can 
cause a serious or life-threatening disease or condition; (2) that, 
based on the totality of scientific evidence available to FDA, 
including data from adequate and well-controlled clinical trials, if 
available, it is reasonable to believe that: (A) The product may be 
effective in diagnosing, treating, or preventing (i) such disease or 
condition; or (ii) a serious or life-threatening disease or condition 
caused by a product authorized under section 564, approved or cleared 
under the FD&C Act, or licensed under section 351 of the PHS Act, for 
diagnosing, treating, or preventing such a disease or condition caused 
by such an agent; and (B) the known and potential benefits of the 
product, when used to diagnose, prevent, or treat such disease or 
condition, outweigh the known and potential risks of the product, 
taking into consideration the material threat posed by the agent or 
agents identified

[[Page 77501]]

in a declaration under section 564(b)(1)(D) of the FD&C Act, if 
applicable; (3) that there is no adequate, approved, and available 
alternative to the product for diagnosing, preventing, or treating such 
disease or condition; and (4) that such other criteria as may be 
prescribed by regulation are satisfied.
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    \1\ The Secretary of HHS has delegated the authority to issue an 
EUA under section 564 of the FD&C Act to the Commissioner of Food 
and Drugs.
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    No other criteria for issuance have been prescribed by regulation 
under section 564(c)(4) of the FD&C Act. Because the statute is self-
executing, regulations or guidance are not required for FDA to 
implement the EUA authority.

II. EUA Requests for In Vitro Diagnostic Devices for Detection of the 
Ebola Zaire Virus

    On September 22, 2006, then-Secretary of Homeland Security, Michael 
Chertoff, determined that the Ebola virus presents a material threat 
against the U.S. population sufficient to affect national security.\2\ 
On August 5, 2014, under section 564(b)(1) of the FD&C Act, and on the 
basis of such determination, the Secretary of HHS declared that 
circumstances exist justifying the authorization of emergency use of in 
vitro diagnostics for detection of Ebola virus, subject to the terms of 
any authorization issued under section 564 of the FD&C Act. Notice of 
the declaration of the Secretary was published in the Federal Register 
on August 12, 2014 (79 FR 47141). On October 8, 2014, CDC submitted 
complete requests for, and on October 10, 2014, FDA issued, an EUA for 
the CDC Ebola Virus VP40 Real-time RT-PCR Assay and an EUA for the CDC 
Ebola Virus NP Real-time RT-PCR Assay, subject to the terms of these 
authorizations.
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    \2\ Under section 564(b)(1) of the FD&C Act, the HHS Secretary's 
declaration that supports EUA issuance must be based on one of four 
determinations, including the identification by the DHS Secretary of 
a material threat under section 319F-2 of the PHS Act sufficient to 
affect national security or the health and security of U.S. citizens 
living abroad (section 564(b)(1)(D) of the FD&C Act).
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III. Electronic Access

    An electronic version of this document and the full text of the 
Authorizations are available on the Internet at https://www.regulations.gov.

IV. The Authorizations

    Having concluded that the criteria for issuance of the 
Authorizations under section 564(c) of the FD&C Act are met, FDA has 
authorized the emergency use of two CDC in vitro diagnostic devices for 
detection of the Ebola Zaire virus subject to the terms of the 
Authorizations. The Authorizations in their entirety (not including the 
authorized versions of the fact sheets and other written materials) 
follow and provide explanations of the reasons for their issuance, as 
required by section 564(h)(1) of the FD&C Act.
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    Dated: December 18, 2014.
Leslie Kux,
Associate Commissioner for Policy.
[FR Doc. 2014-30108 Filed 12-23-14; 8:45 am]
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