Airworthiness Directives; Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Turboprop Engines, 52172-52174 [2014-20453]
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52172
Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 170 / Wednesday, September 3, 2014 / Rules and Regulations
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 39
[Docket No. FAA–2013–0766; Directorate
Identifier 2013–NE–26–AD; Amendment 39–
17961; AD 2014–17–08]
RIN 2120–AA64
Airworthiness Directives; Pratt &
Whitney Canada Corp. Turboprop
Engines
Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final rule.
AGENCY:
We are adopting a new
airworthiness directive (AD) for all Pratt
& Whitney Canada Corp. (P&WC) PT6A–
114 and PT6A–114A turboprop engines.
This AD requires initial and repetitive
borescope inspection (BSI) of
compressor turbine (CT) blades, and the
removal from service of blades that fail
inspection. This AD was prompted by
several incidents of CT blade failure,
causing power loss, and engine failure.
We are issuing this AD to prevent
failure of CT blades, which could result
in damage to the engine and damage to
the airplane.
DATES: This AD becomes effective
October 8, 2014.
The Director of the Federal Register
approved the incorporation by reference
of a certain publication listed in this AD
as of October 8, 2014.
ADDRESSES: For service information
identified in this AD, contact Pratt &
Whitney Canada Corp., 1000 MarieVictorin, Longueuil, Quebec, Canada,
J4G 1A1; phone: 800–268–8000; fax:
450–647–2888; Internet: www.pwc.ca.
You may view this service information
at the FAA, Engine & Propeller
Directorate, 12 New England Executive
Park, Burlington, MA. For information
on the availability of this material at the
FAA, call 781–238–7125.
SUMMARY:
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Examining the AD Docket
You may examine the AD docket on
the Internet at https://
www.regulations.gov by searching for
and locating Docket No. FAA–2013–
0766; or in person at the Docket
Management Facility between 9 a.m.
and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday,
except Federal holidays. The AD docket
contains this AD, the mandatory
continuing airworthiness information
(MCAI), the regulatory evaluation, any
comments received, and other
information. The address for the Docket
Office (phone: 800–647–5527) is
Document Management Facility, U.S.
VerDate Mar<15>2010
14:42 Sep 02, 2014
Jkt 232001
Department of Transportation, Docket
Operations, M–30, West Building
Ground Floor, Room W12–140, 1200
New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington,
DC 20590.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Robert Morlath, Aerospace Engineer,
Engine Certification Office, FAA, Engine
& Propeller Directorate, 12 New England
Executive Park, Burlington, MA 01803;
phone: 781–238–7154; fax: 781–238–
7199; email: robert.c.morlath@faa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Discussion
We issued a supplemental notice of
proposed rulemaking (SNPRM) to
amend 14 CFR part 39 by adding an AD
that would apply to the specified
products. The SNPRM was published in
the Federal Register on May 12, 2014
(79 FR 26901). The SNPRM proposed to
correct an unsafe condition for the
specified products. The MCAI states:
There have been a number of reported
incidents where Compressor Turbine (CT)
blade failures have caused power loss on
PT6A–114 & PT6A–114A engines, resulting
in in-flight shutdown (IFSD). Investigation by
engine manufacturer Pratt & Whitney Canada
(P&WC) has determined that when operated
at high power and high temperature settings,
the subject CT blades are prone to crack/
fracture as a result of creep and/or
sulfidation.
P&WC issued Service Bulletin (SB) 1669
that introduces a newly designed CT blade
which has proven to be far less affected by
the blade ‘‘Creep’’ phenomenon.
Additionally, to help prevent IFSD by
identifying pending creep induced blade
failure of the pre-SB 1669 configuration
blades, P&WC has revised SB 1669 to include
specific inspection/maintenance
requirements for engines with pre-SB 1669
configuration CT blade installation.
An engine power loss or IFSD on a single
engine powered aeroplane such as Cessna
208 could result in an unsafe condition. AD
CF–2013–21 was issued on 1 August 2013 to
mandate compliance with SB 1669R9
requirements to inspect and replace the
existing CT blades on PT6A–114 & PT6A–
114A engines with a new type of post SB
1669 configuration CT blades. P&WC,
through SB 1727, has now introduced a new
version of the post SB 1669 configuration CT
blade that features a tighter tolerance on the
platform width. This enhances the ability of
the maintainer to achieve the required interplatform gap.
Comments
We gave the public the opportunity to
participate in developing this AD. We
considered the comments received.
Request To Remove Mandatory
Upgrade
One commenter requested that we
remove the mandatory terminating
action requirement to install P&WC
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single crystal CT blades, part numbers
(P/Ns) 3072791–01 and 3072791–02.
The commenter states that mandating
the installation of an unproven
replacement CT blade is not prudent
and could be costly. The post-SB blade
has a questionable operating history
including failure. This blade has been
identified for removal in the PT6A–34
and –36 engines, so it should not be
made mandatory for installation in the
PT6A–114 engine.
We do not agree. P&WC single crystal
CT blades, P/Ns 3072791–01 and
3072791–02, are proven replacement CT
blades for the PT6A–114 and PT6A–
114A engines. These single crystal CT
blades have successfully performed over
2 million flight hours in service and
have displayed a lower rate of failure
than older CT blade designs. An
ongoing investigation into blade failures
on other PT6A series engines has shown
that the root cause of those failures does
not impact the PT6A–114 and PT6A–
114A fleets. Therefore, P&WC single
crystal CT blades, P/Ns 3072791–01 and
3072791–02, have not been identified
for removal from the PT6A–114 and
PT6A–114A series engines. We did not
change this AD.
Request To Change Mandatory
Terminating Action
One commenter suggested that the 36month compliance time for the
mandatory terminating action is not
appropriate. The commenter states that
mandating replacement of the complete
set of single crystal CT blades with
P/N 3072791–02 blades within 36
months is an undue cost burden for
certain operators and that the
availability of CT blade, P/N 3072791–
02, is unreliable. The operator will not
reach the next scheduled hot section
interval prior to 36 months, thereby
causing the performance of the next hot
section inspection (HSI) sooner than
necessary.
We do not agree. The 36-month
compliance time for installing single
crystal CT blades, P/Ns 3072791–01 and
3072791–02, adequately addresses the
unsafe condition without imposing
undue burden on operators. P&WC
single crystal CT blades, P/Ns 3072791–
01 and 3072791–02 are currently
available from P&WC both as
replacement parts and installed in new
production engines. We did not change
this AD.
Request To Change Mandatory
Terminating Action
Hawkins Aero Engineering, Inc.
(Hawkins Aero) requested that the
mandatory terminating action be
changed to allow for installation of CT
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Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 170 / Wednesday, September 3, 2014 / Rules and Regulations
blade P/Ns approved by the FAA in the
future. The reason for this request is that
P&WC and various parts manufacturer
approval companies may develop new
blade designs. Adding language that
would allow for installation of newly
approved blades in the future would
avoid having to revise this AD.
We do not agree. We cannot approve
P/Ns that do not exist. We did not
change this AD.
Request To Change Referenced SB and
P/N
One commenter requested that we
remove P&WC SB No. PT6A–72–1669
and CT blade, P/N 3072791–01, from
this AD. The commenter states that this
SB introduces CT blade, P/N 3072791–
01, which is no longer available. The
commenter suggests that in this AD, to
avoid confusion when an operator
reviews engine repair records to
determine SB compliance, we should
mention only P&WC SB No. PT6A–72–
1727, which introduces single crystal
CT blade, P/N 3072791–02.
We partially agree. We agree that
referencing P&WC SB No. PT6A–72–
1669 in this AD may introduce some
confusion as to what P/Ns are mandated
for installation.
We disagree with removing all
references to P&WC SB No. PT6A–72–
1669 from this AD because this SB
contains instructions on performing the
optional metallurgical examination
cited in paragraph (e)(1)(iii)(B) of this
AD.
We disagree with removing all
references to single crystal CT blade, P/
N 3072791–01, because it is still
acceptable for installation even though
it is no longer in production.
We made the following change to the
Credit for Previous Actions paragraph of
this AD: ‘‘If you performed a
metallurgical examination of single
crystal CT blades in accordance with
P&WC SB No. PT6A–72–1669, Revision
9, dated June 28, 2013, or earlier
versions, you met the initial inspection
requirements of paragraph (e)(1)(i) of
this AD. However, you must still
comply with the repetitive BSI
requirement of paragraph (e)(1)(ii) of
this AD.’’
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Request To Change the Number of
Stated Fatalities
Hawkins Aero requested that we reevaluate the stated number of fatalities
that have been associated with CT blade
failures. Hawkins Aero then provided a
brief synopsis of recent fatal incidents
involving CT blade failures and
associated forced landings that provide
a different number than what was
VerDate Mar<15>2010
14:42 Sep 02, 2014
Jkt 232001
published in the SNPRM (79 FR 26901,
May 12, 2014).
We partially agree. We agree that we
should be accurate in what we report.
We disagree that we must identify
fatalities to demonstrate the need for the
AD. We changed the justification
statement in the Summary and Unsafe
Condition paragraphs to state that ‘‘This
AD was prompted by several incidents
of CT blade failure, causing power loss,
and engine failure.’’
Request To Change the Costs of
Compliance
One commenter requested that we reevaluate the costs of compliance. The
commenter states that the cost of
performing the HSI, other than the cost
of the blades, was not considered. The
commenter also indicated that the
hidden cost of installing the post-SB
blades has not been revealed. The
replacement single crystal CT blades
have a hard time life limit of 10,000
hours, whereas the CT blades that are
being replaced do not. The post-SB
blades have a lower stretch inspection
interval of 4,000 hours compared to
5,000 for pre-SB blades.
We do not agree. The cost of
compliance calculation includes the
initial work and parts costs associated
with removing the unsafe condition. It
does not include costs associated with
normal scheduled maintenance. We did
not change this AD.
Request To Approve Alternate Methods
of Compliance (AMOCs)
Hawkins Aero requested that we
approve AMOCs to this AD.
We do not agree. This AD sets forth
our required method of compliance to
correct the specified unsafe condition.
Operators may request AMOCs to this
AD using the procedures below. We did
not change this AD.
Request To Change Nomenclature
Hawkins Aero requested that each
time we reference the single crystal CT
blades in this AD we use the
nomenclature ‘‘P&WC single crystal CT
blade P/N’s 3072791–01 and 3072791–
02.’’ The commenter states that ‘‘In
several locations within the SNPRM the
FAA has referred to: ‘single crystal CT
blades P/Ns 3072791–01 or 3072791–
02,’ ‘CT blades, part numbers P/Ns
3072791–01 or 3072791–02,’ and ‘P&WC
single crystal CT blades P/Ns 3072791–
01 or 3072791–02’.’’
We agree. We changed this AD by
replacing all references to the single
crystal CT blades with the nomenclature
‘‘P&WC single crystal CT blades, P/Ns
3072791–01 and 3072791–02.’’
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52173
Request To Clarify Compliance
Language
One commenter requested that we
clarify the language in paragraph
(e)(1)(iii)(A) of this AD with a specific
P/N.
We do not agree. Operators may
install any P/N single crystal CT blade
eligible for installation. We did not
change this AD.
Request To Clarify Assumptions
One commenter requested that we reevaluate the 1,800 hour assumption for
a typical hot section interval. The
commenter states, ‘‘Assuming that 1,800
hours is the normal interval for all
operators is incorrect; some operators
have extended intervals up to and
including On Condition; therefore,
stating to perform the AD at next HSI
could be much longer than the expected
1,800 hours.’’
We do not agree. We did not assume
1,800 hours as a typical HSI interval.
This AD requires blade examination or
replacement at next HSI, and not at
specific flight-hour or cycles-inoperation intervals, precisely due to the
wide variety of approved inspection
intervals that exist for these engines. We
did not change this AD.
Conclusion
We reviewed the available data,
including the comments received, and
determined that air safety and the
public interest require adopting this AD
with the changes described previously.
We determined that these changes will
not increase the economic burden on
any operator or increase the scope of
this AD.
Costs of Compliance
We estimate that this AD affects 300
engines installed on airplanes of U.S.
registry. We also estimate that it will
take about 4 hours per engine to perform
the required inspection and 8 hours to
replace the blades. The average labor
rate is $85 per hour. Required parts cost
about $59,334 per engine. Based on
these figures, we estimate the cost of
this AD on U.S. operators to be
$18,106,200, if all blades are replaced.
Authority for This Rulemaking
Title 49 of the United States Code
specifies the FAA’s authority to issue
rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I,
section 106, describes the authority of
the FAA Administrator. ‘‘Subtitle VII:
Aviation Programs,’’ describes in more
detail the scope of the Agency’s
authority.
We are issuing this rulemaking under
the authority described in ‘‘Subtitle VII,
Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701:
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Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 170 / Wednesday, September 3, 2014 / Rules and Regulations
General requirements.’’ Under that
section, Congress charges the FAA with
promoting safe flight of civil aircraft in
air commerce by prescribing regulations
for practices, methods, and procedures
the Administrator finds necessary for
safety in air commerce. This regulation
is within the scope of that authority
because it addresses an unsafe condition
that is likely to exist or develop on
products identified in this rulemaking
action.
Regulatory Findings
We determined that this AD will not
have federalism implications under
Executive Order 13132. This AD will
not have a substantial direct effect on
the States, on the relationship between
the national government and the States,
or on the distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various
levels of government.
For the reasons discussed above, I
certify this AD:
(1) Is not a ‘‘significant regulatory
action’’ under Executive Order 12866,
(2) Is not a ‘‘significant rule’’ under
the DOT Regulatory Policies and
Procedures (44 FR 11034, February 26,
1979),
(3) Will not affect intrastate aviation
in Alaska to the extent that it justifies
making a regulatory distinction, and
(4) Will not have a significant
economic impact, positive or negative,
on a substantial number of small entities
under the criteria of the Regulatory
Flexibility Act.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39
Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation
safety, Incorporation by reference,
Safety.
Adoption of the Amendment
1. The authority citation for part 39
continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.
[Amended]
2. The FAA amends § 39.13 by adding
the following new airworthiness
directive (AD):
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■
2014–17–08 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp.:
Amendment 39–17961; Docket No.
FAA–2013–0766; Directorate Identifier
2013–NE–26–AD.
(a) Effective Date
This AD becomes effective October 8, 2014.
Jkt 232001
This AD applies to all Pratt & Whitney
Canada Corp. (P&WC) PT6A–114 and PT6A–
114A turboprop engines.
(d) Unsafe Condition
This AD was prompted by several
incidents of compressor turbine (CT) blade
failure, causing power loss, and engine
failure. We are issuing this AD to prevent
failure of CT blades, which could lead to
damage to the engine and damage to the
airplane.
(e) Compliance
Comply with this AD within the
compliance times specified, unless already
done.
(1) For engines that have CT blades
installed other than P&WC single crystal CT
blades, part numbers (P/Ns) 3072791–01 or
3072791–02, perform the following actions:
(i) Within 150 operating hours after the
effective date of this AD, perform a borescope
inspection (BSI) of CT blades for engines
with 500 or more hours time-since-new that
have not been previously inspected or timesince-last-inspection (TSLI).
(ii) Thereafter, repeat the inspection in
paragraph (e)(1)(i) of this AD within 500
flight hours TSLI.
(iii) During the next hot section inspection
(HSI) after the effective date of this AD, and
each HSI thereafter, replace the complete set
of CT blades with any of the following:
(A) New CT blades;
(B) CT blades that have passed a two-blade
metallurgical examination in accordance
with paragraph 3.B., Accomplishment
Instructions, of P&WC Service Bulletin (SB)
No. PT6A–72–1669, Revision 9, dated June
28, 2013; or
(C) P&WC single crystal CT blades, P/Ns
3072791–01 or 3072791–02.
(2) Reserved.
(i) Related Information
(1) For more information about this AD,
contact Robert Morlath, Aerospace Engineer,
Engine Certification Office, FAA, Engine &
Propeller Directorate, 12 New England
Executive Park, Burlington, MA 01803;
phone: 781–238–7154; fax: 781–238–7199;
email: robert.c.morlath@faa.gov.
(2) Refer to Transport Canada Civil
Aviation AD CF–2013–21R1, dated
November 13, 2013, for more information.
You may examine the MCAI in the AD
docket on the Internet at https://
www.regulations.gov/
#!documentDetail;D=FAA-2013-0766-0008.
(j) Material Incorporated by Reference
(1) The Director of the Federal Register
approved the incorporation by reference
(IBR) of the service information listed in this
paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR
part 51.
(2) You must use this service information
as applicable to do the actions required by
this AD, unless the AD specifies otherwise.
(i) Pratt & Whitney Canada Service Bulletin
No. PT6A–72–1669, Revision 9, dated June
28, 2013.
(ii) Reserved.
(3) For P&WC service information
identified in this AD, contact Pratt & Whitney
Canada Corp., 1000 Marie-Victorin,
Longueuil, Quebec, Canada, J4G 1A1; phone:
800–268–8000; fax: 450–647–2888; Internet:
www.pwc.ca.
(4) You may view this service information
at FAA, Engine & Propeller Directorate, 12
New England Executive Park, Burlington,
MA. For information on the availability of
this material at the FAA, call 781–238–7125.
(5) You may view this service information
at the National Archives and Records
Administration (NARA). For information on
the availability of this material at NARA, call
202–741–6030, or go to: https://
www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibrlocations.html.
Issued in Burlington, Massachusetts, on
August18, 2014.
Richard P. Warren,
Acting Assistant Directorate Manager, Engine
& Propeller Directorate, Aircraft Certification
Service.
[FR Doc. 2014–20453 Filed 9–2–14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
(g) Credit for Previous Action
■
14:42 Sep 02, 2014
(c) Applicability
Within 36 months after the effective date
of this AD, replace the complete set of CT
blades with P&WC single crystal CT blades,
P/Ns 3072791–01 or 3072791–02.
PART 39—AIRWORTHINESS
DIRECTIVES
VerDate Mar<15>2010
None.
(f) Mandatory Terminating Action
Accordingly, under the authority
delegated to me by the Administrator,
the FAA amends 14 CFR part 39 as
follows:
§ 39.13
(b) Affected ADs
If you performed a metallurgical
examination of single crystal CT blades
before the effective date of this AD in
accordance with P&WC SB No. PT6A–72–
1669, Revision 8, dated January 17, 2013, or
earlier versions, all of which are not
incorporated by reference, you have met the
initial inspection requirements of paragraph
(e)(1)(i) of this AD. However, you must still
comply with the repetitive BSI requirement
of paragraph (e)(1)(ii) of this AD.
(h) Alternative Methods of Compliance
(AMOCs)
The Manager, Engine Certification Office,
FAA, may approve AMOCs to this AD. Use
the procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19 to
make your request.
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 39
[Docket No. FAA–2014–0137; Directorate
Identifier 2013–NM–135–AD; Amendment
39–17960; AD 2014–17–07]
RIN 2120–AA64
Airworthiness Directives; Airbus
Airplanes
Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), Department of
Transportation (DOT).
AGENCY:
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03SER1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 79, Number 170 (Wednesday, September 3, 2014)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 52172-52174]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2014-20453]
[[Page 52172]]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 39
[Docket No. FAA-2013-0766; Directorate Identifier 2013-NE-26-AD;
Amendment 39-17961; AD 2014-17-08]
RIN 2120-AA64
Airworthiness Directives; Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Turboprop
Engines
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: We are adopting a new airworthiness directive (AD) for all
Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. (P&WC) PT6A-114 and PT6A-114A turboprop
engines. This AD requires initial and repetitive borescope inspection
(BSI) of compressor turbine (CT) blades, and the removal from service
of blades that fail inspection. This AD was prompted by several
incidents of CT blade failure, causing power loss, and engine failure.
We are issuing this AD to prevent failure of CT blades, which could
result in damage to the engine and damage to the airplane.
DATES: This AD becomes effective October 8, 2014.
The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by
reference of a certain publication listed in this AD as of October 8,
2014.
ADDRESSES: For service information identified in this AD, contact Pratt
& Whitney Canada Corp., 1000 Marie-Victorin, Longueuil, Quebec, Canada,
J4G 1A1; phone: 800-268-8000; fax: 450-647-2888; Internet: www.pwc.ca.
You may view this service information at the FAA, Engine & Propeller
Directorate, 12 New England Executive Park, Burlington, MA. For
information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call 781-
238-7125.
Examining the AD Docket
You may examine the AD docket on the Internet at https://www.regulations.gov by searching for and locating Docket No. FAA-2013-
0766; or in person at the Docket Management Facility between 9 a.m. and
5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD docket
contains this AD, the mandatory continuing airworthiness information
(MCAI), the regulatory evaluation, any comments received, and other
information. The address for the Docket Office (phone: 800-647-5527) is
Document Management Facility, U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket
Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New
Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Robert Morlath, Aerospace Engineer,
Engine Certification Office, FAA, Engine & Propeller Directorate, 12
New England Executive Park, Burlington, MA 01803; phone: 781-238-7154;
fax: 781-238-7199; email: robert.c.morlath@faa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Discussion
We issued a supplemental notice of proposed rulemaking (SNPRM) to
amend 14 CFR part 39 by adding an AD that would apply to the specified
products. The SNPRM was published in the Federal Register on May 12,
2014 (79 FR 26901). The SNPRM proposed to correct an unsafe condition
for the specified products. The MCAI states:
There have been a number of reported incidents where Compressor
Turbine (CT) blade failures have caused power loss on PT6A-114 &
PT6A-114A engines, resulting in in-flight shutdown (IFSD).
Investigation by engine manufacturer Pratt & Whitney Canada (P&WC)
has determined that when operated at high power and high temperature
settings, the subject CT blades are prone to crack/fracture as a
result of creep and/or sulfidation.
P&WC issued Service Bulletin (SB) 1669 that introduces a newly
designed CT blade which has proven to be far less affected by the
blade ``Creep'' phenomenon. Additionally, to help prevent IFSD by
identifying pending creep induced blade failure of the pre-SB 1669
configuration blades, P&WC has revised SB 1669 to include specific
inspection/maintenance requirements for engines with pre-SB 1669
configuration CT blade installation.
An engine power loss or IFSD on a single engine powered
aeroplane such as Cessna 208 could result in an unsafe condition. AD
CF-2013-21 was issued on 1 August 2013 to mandate compliance with SB
1669R9 requirements to inspect and replace the existing CT blades on
PT6A-114 & PT6A-114A engines with a new type of post SB 1669
configuration CT blades. P&WC, through SB 1727, has now introduced a
new version of the post SB 1669 configuration CT blade that features
a tighter tolerance on the platform width. This enhances the ability
of the maintainer to achieve the required inter-platform gap.
Comments
We gave the public the opportunity to participate in developing
this AD. We considered the comments received.
Request To Remove Mandatory Upgrade
One commenter requested that we remove the mandatory terminating
action requirement to install P&WC single crystal CT blades, part
numbers (P/Ns) 3072791-01 and 3072791-02. The commenter states that
mandating the installation of an unproven replacement CT blade is not
prudent and could be costly. The post-SB blade has a questionable
operating history including failure. This blade has been identified for
removal in the PT6A-34 and -36 engines, so it should not be made
mandatory for installation in the PT6A-114 engine.
We do not agree. P&WC single crystal CT blades, P/Ns 3072791-01 and
3072791-02, are proven replacement CT blades for the PT6A-114 and PT6A-
114A engines. These single crystal CT blades have successfully
performed over 2 million flight hours in service and have displayed a
lower rate of failure than older CT blade designs. An ongoing
investigation into blade failures on other PT6A series engines has
shown that the root cause of those failures does not impact the PT6A-
114 and PT6A-114A fleets. Therefore, P&WC single crystal CT blades, P/
Ns 3072791-01 and 3072791-02, have not been identified for removal from
the PT6A-114 and PT6A-114A series engines. We did not change this AD.
Request To Change Mandatory Terminating Action
One commenter suggested that the 36-month compliance time for the
mandatory terminating action is not appropriate. The commenter states
that mandating replacement of the complete set of single crystal CT
blades with P/N 3072791-02 blades within 36 months is an undue cost
burden for certain operators and that the availability of CT blade, P/N
3072791-02, is unreliable. The operator will not reach the next
scheduled hot section interval prior to 36 months, thereby causing the
performance of the next hot section inspection (HSI) sooner than
necessary.
We do not agree. The 36-month compliance time for installing single
crystal CT blades, P/Ns 3072791-01 and 3072791-02, adequately addresses
the unsafe condition without imposing undue burden on operators. P&WC
single crystal CT blades, P/Ns 3072791-01 and 3072791-02 are currently
available from P&WC both as replacement parts and installed in new
production engines. We did not change this AD.
Request To Change Mandatory Terminating Action
Hawkins Aero Engineering, Inc. (Hawkins Aero) requested that the
mandatory terminating action be changed to allow for installation of CT
[[Page 52173]]
blade P/Ns approved by the FAA in the future. The reason for this
request is that P&WC and various parts manufacturer approval companies
may develop new blade designs. Adding language that would allow for
installation of newly approved blades in the future would avoid having
to revise this AD.
We do not agree. We cannot approve P/Ns that do not exist. We did
not change this AD.
Request To Change Referenced SB and P/N
One commenter requested that we remove P&WC SB No. PT6A-72-1669 and
CT blade, P/N 3072791-01, from this AD. The commenter states that this
SB introduces CT blade, P/N 3072791-01, which is no longer available.
The commenter suggests that in this AD, to avoid confusion when an
operator reviews engine repair records to determine SB compliance, we
should mention only P&WC SB No. PT6A-72-1727, which introduces single
crystal CT blade, P/N 3072791-02.
We partially agree. We agree that referencing P&WC SB No. PT6A-72-
1669 in this AD may introduce some confusion as to what P/Ns are
mandated for installation.
We disagree with removing all references to P&WC SB No. PT6A-72-
1669 from this AD because this SB contains instructions on performing
the optional metallurgical examination cited in paragraph
(e)(1)(iii)(B) of this AD.
We disagree with removing all references to single crystal CT
blade, P/N 3072791-01, because it is still acceptable for installation
even though it is no longer in production.
We made the following change to the Credit for Previous Actions
paragraph of this AD: ``If you performed a metallurgical examination of
single crystal CT blades in accordance with P&WC SB No. PT6A-72-1669,
Revision 9, dated June 28, 2013, or earlier versions, you met the
initial inspection requirements of paragraph (e)(1)(i) of this AD.
However, you must still comply with the repetitive BSI requirement of
paragraph (e)(1)(ii) of this AD.''
Request To Change the Number of Stated Fatalities
Hawkins Aero requested that we re-evaluate the stated number of
fatalities that have been associated with CT blade failures. Hawkins
Aero then provided a brief synopsis of recent fatal incidents involving
CT blade failures and associated forced landings that provide a
different number than what was published in the SNPRM (79 FR 26901, May
12, 2014).
We partially agree. We agree that we should be accurate in what we
report. We disagree that we must identify fatalities to demonstrate the
need for the AD. We changed the justification statement in the Summary
and Unsafe Condition paragraphs to state that ``This AD was prompted by
several incidents of CT blade failure, causing power loss, and engine
failure.''
Request To Change the Costs of Compliance
One commenter requested that we re-evaluate the costs of
compliance. The commenter states that the cost of performing the HSI,
other than the cost of the blades, was not considered. The commenter
also indicated that the hidden cost of installing the post-SB blades
has not been revealed. The replacement single crystal CT blades have a
hard time life limit of 10,000 hours, whereas the CT blades that are
being replaced do not. The post-SB blades have a lower stretch
inspection interval of 4,000 hours compared to 5,000 for pre-SB blades.
We do not agree. The cost of compliance calculation includes the
initial work and parts costs associated with removing the unsafe
condition. It does not include costs associated with normal scheduled
maintenance. We did not change this AD.
Request To Approve Alternate Methods of Compliance (AMOCs)
Hawkins Aero requested that we approve AMOCs to this AD.
We do not agree. This AD sets forth our required method of
compliance to correct the specified unsafe condition. Operators may
request AMOCs to this AD using the procedures below. We did not change
this AD.
Request To Change Nomenclature
Hawkins Aero requested that each time we reference the single
crystal CT blades in this AD we use the nomenclature ``P&WC single
crystal CT blade P/N's 3072791-01 and 3072791-02.'' The commenter
states that ``In several locations within the SNPRM the FAA has
referred to: `single crystal CT blades P/Ns 3072791-01 or 3072791-02,'
`CT blades, part numbers P/Ns 3072791-01 or 3072791-02,' and `P&WC
single crystal CT blades P/Ns 3072791-01 or 3072791-02'.''
We agree. We changed this AD by replacing all references to the
single crystal CT blades with the nomenclature ``P&WC single crystal CT
blades, P/Ns 3072791-01 and 3072791-02.''
Request To Clarify Compliance Language
One commenter requested that we clarify the language in paragraph
(e)(1)(iii)(A) of this AD with a specific P/N.
We do not agree. Operators may install any P/N single crystal CT
blade eligible for installation. We did not change this AD.
Request To Clarify Assumptions
One commenter requested that we re-evaluate the 1,800 hour
assumption for a typical hot section interval. The commenter states,
``Assuming that 1,800 hours is the normal interval for all operators is
incorrect; some operators have extended intervals up to and including
On Condition; therefore, stating to perform the AD at next HSI could be
much longer than the expected 1,800 hours.''
We do not agree. We did not assume 1,800 hours as a typical HSI
interval. This AD requires blade examination or replacement at next
HSI, and not at specific flight-hour or cycles-in-operation intervals,
precisely due to the wide variety of approved inspection intervals that
exist for these engines. We did not change this AD.
Conclusion
We reviewed the available data, including the comments received,
and determined that air safety and the public interest require adopting
this AD with the changes described previously. We determined that these
changes will not increase the economic burden on any operator or
increase the scope of this AD.
Costs of Compliance
We estimate that this AD affects 300 engines installed on airplanes
of U.S. registry. We also estimate that it will take about 4 hours per
engine to perform the required inspection and 8 hours to replace the
blades. The average labor rate is $85 per hour. Required parts cost
about $59,334 per engine. Based on these figures, we estimate the cost
of this AD on U.S. operators to be $18,106,200, if all blades are
replaced.
Authority for This Rulemaking
Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to
issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, section 106, describes the
authority of the FAA Administrator. ``Subtitle VII: Aviation
Programs,'' describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's
authority.
We are issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in
``Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701:
[[Page 52174]]
General requirements.'' Under that section, Congress charges the FAA
with promoting safe flight of civil aircraft in air commerce by
prescribing regulations for practices, methods, and procedures the
Administrator finds necessary for safety in air commerce. This
regulation is within the scope of that authority because it addresses
an unsafe condition that is likely to exist or develop on products
identified in this rulemaking action.
Regulatory Findings
We determined that this AD will not have federalism implications
under Executive Order 13132. This AD will not have a substantial direct
effect on the States, on the relationship between the national
government and the States, or on the distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various levels of government.
For the reasons discussed above, I certify this AD:
(1) Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive
Order 12866,
(2) Is not a ``significant rule'' under the DOT Regulatory Policies
and Procedures (44 FR 11034, February 26, 1979),
(3) Will not affect intrastate aviation in Alaska to the extent
that it justifies making a regulatory distinction, and
(4) Will not have a significant economic impact, positive or
negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria
of the Regulatory Flexibility Act.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39
Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by
reference, Safety.
Adoption of the Amendment
Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the FAA amends 14 CFR part 39 as follows:
PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES
0
1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.
Sec. 39.13 [Amended]
0
2. The FAA amends Sec. 39.13 by adding the following new airworthiness
directive (AD):
2014-17-08 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp.: Amendment 39-17961; Docket
No. FAA-2013-0766; Directorate Identifier 2013-NE-26-AD.
(a) Effective Date
This AD becomes effective October 8, 2014.
(b) Affected ADs
None.
(c) Applicability
This AD applies to all Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. (P&WC) PT6A-
114 and PT6A-114A turboprop engines.
(d) Unsafe Condition
This AD was prompted by several incidents of compressor turbine
(CT) blade failure, causing power loss, and engine failure. We are
issuing this AD to prevent failure of CT blades, which could lead to
damage to the engine and damage to the airplane.
(e) Compliance
Comply with this AD within the compliance times specified,
unless already done.
(1) For engines that have CT blades installed other than P&WC
single crystal CT blades, part numbers (P/Ns) 3072791-01 or 3072791-
02, perform the following actions:
(i) Within 150 operating hours after the effective date of this
AD, perform a borescope inspection (BSI) of CT blades for engines
with 500 or more hours time-since-new that have not been previously
inspected or time-since-last-inspection (TSLI).
(ii) Thereafter, repeat the inspection in paragraph (e)(1)(i) of
this AD within 500 flight hours TSLI.
(iii) During the next hot section inspection (HSI) after the
effective date of this AD, and each HSI thereafter, replace the
complete set of CT blades with any of the following:
(A) New CT blades;
(B) CT blades that have passed a two-blade metallurgical
examination in accordance with paragraph 3.B., Accomplishment
Instructions, of P&WC Service Bulletin (SB) No. PT6A-72-1669,
Revision 9, dated June 28, 2013; or
(C) P&WC single crystal CT blades, P/Ns 3072791-01 or 3072791-
02.
(2) Reserved.
(f) Mandatory Terminating Action
Within 36 months after the effective date of this AD, replace
the complete set of CT blades with P&WC single crystal CT blades, P/
Ns 3072791-01 or 3072791-02.
(g) Credit for Previous Action
If you performed a metallurgical examination of single crystal
CT blades before the effective date of this AD in accordance with
P&WC SB No. PT6A-72-1669, Revision 8, dated January 17, 2013, or
earlier versions, all of which are not incorporated by reference,
you have met the initial inspection requirements of paragraph
(e)(1)(i) of this AD. However, you must still comply with the
repetitive BSI requirement of paragraph (e)(1)(ii) of this AD.
(h) Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs)
The Manager, Engine Certification Office, FAA, may approve AMOCs
to this AD. Use the procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19 to make your
request.
(i) Related Information
(1) For more information about this AD, contact Robert Morlath,
Aerospace Engineer, Engine Certification Office, FAA, Engine &
Propeller Directorate, 12 New England Executive Park, Burlington, MA
01803; phone: 781-238-7154; fax: 781-238-7199; email:
robert.c.morlath@faa.gov.
(2) Refer to Transport Canada Civil Aviation AD CF-2013-21R1,
dated November 13, 2013, for more information. You may examine the
MCAI in the AD docket on the Internet at https://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=FAA-2013-0766-0008.
(j) Material Incorporated by Reference
(1) The Director of the Federal Register approved the
incorporation by reference (IBR) of the service information listed
in this paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51.
(2) You must use this service information as applicable to do
the actions required by this AD, unless the AD specifies otherwise.
(i) Pratt & Whitney Canada Service Bulletin No. PT6A-72-1669,
Revision 9, dated June 28, 2013.
(ii) Reserved.
(3) For P&WC service information identified in this AD, contact
Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp., 1000 Marie-Victorin, Longueuil,
Quebec, Canada, J4G 1A1; phone: 800-268-8000; fax: 450-647-2888;
Internet: www.pwc.ca.
(4) You may view this service information at FAA, Engine &
Propeller Directorate, 12 New England Executive Park, Burlington,
MA. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA,
call 781-238-7125.
(5) You may view this service information at the National
Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the
availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to:
https://www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html.
Issued in Burlington, Massachusetts, on August18, 2014.
Richard P. Warren,
Acting Assistant Directorate Manager, Engine & Propeller Directorate,
Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2014-20453 Filed 9-2-14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P