Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Epilepsy and Seizure Disorders, 23054-23056 [2014-09447]
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23054
Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 80 / Friday, April 25, 2014 / Notices
Transportation (WisDOT): Name,
Wisconsin Department of
Transportation, Northeast Region, 944
Vanderperren Way, Green Bay,
Wisconsin 54304; telephone: (920) 920–
492–5698; email: Jill.Michaelson@
dot.wi.gov. The WisDOT Northeast
Region’s normal office hours are 7:45
a.m. to 4:30 p.m. central time.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Notice is
hereby given that FHWA has taken final
agency actions subject to 23 U.S.C.
139(l)(1) by issuing approvals for the
following highway project: WIS 23
Corridor Expansion Project in Fond du
Lac and Sheboygan Counties,
Wisconsin. The purpose of the project is
to provide additional highway capacity
to serve existing and projected traffic
volumes and improve operational
efficiency and safety for local and
through traffic while avoiding or
minimizing environmental effects. The
project will widen the existing WIS 23
two-lane roadway and construct a fourlane divided highway with a median
approximately 19.1 miles from US 151
to County UU. Project specific actions
include acquiring right-of-way,
constructing two diamond interchanges
and one jug-handle interchange,
constructing a roundabout, constructing
new travel lanes and frontage roads,
modifying local roads, improving two
local trails and extending another,
installing new bridges and culverts,
removing and placing fill, removing
vegetation, providing stormwater
management measures, and
implementing mitigation measures.
The actions by FHWA on this project,
and the laws under which such actions
were taken, are described in the
combined Record of Decision (ROD) and
Limited Scope Supplemental Final
Environmental Impacts Statement (LS
SFEIS) approved on March 17, 2014,
and in other documents in the FHWA
administrative record. The decisions
approved in the combined ROD and LS
SFEIS are consistent with the September
27, 2010 ROD. The combined ROD and
LS SFEIS supersedes the 2010 ROD
where it addresses issues identified as
part of the Limited Scope Supplemental
EIS pursuant to 23 CFR 771.130. The
combined ROD and LS SFEIS was
prepared pursuant to Moving Ahead for
Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP–
21), Public Law 112–141, § 1319, 126
Stat. 405 (2012).
The combined ROD and LS SFEIS,
and other documents in the
Administrative Record are available by
contacting FHWA or WisDOT at the
addresses provided above. The
combined ROD and LS SFEIS can be
viewed and downloaded from the
VerDate Mar<15>2010
16:57 Apr 24, 2014
Jkt 232001
project Web site at https://
www.dot.wisconsin.gov/projects/
neregion/23/index.htm or viewed at the
Fond du Lac or Plymouth public
libraries.
This notice applies to all Federal
agency decisions as of the issuance date
of this notice and all laws under which
such actions were taken, including but
not limited to:
1. General: National Environmental
Policy Act (NEPA) [42 U.S.C. 4321–
4351]; Federal-Aid Highway Act [23
U.S.C. 109, 23 U.S.C. 128, and U.S.C.
139].
2. Air: Clean Air Act [42 U.S.C. 7401–
7671(q)].
3. Land: Section 4(f) of the
Department of Transportation Act of
1966 [23 U.S.C. 138 and 49 U.S.C. 303].
5. Historic and Cultural Resources:
Section 106 of the National Historic
Preservation Act of 1966, as amended
[16 U.S.C. 470(f) et seq.].
6. Social and Economic: Uniform
Relocation Assistance and Real Property
Acquisition Act of 1970 [42 U.S.C. 4601
et seq. as amended by the Uniform
Relocation Act Amendments of 1987
[Pub. L. 100–17].
7. Wetlands and Water Resources:
Clean Water Act (Section 404, Section
401, Section 319) [33 U.S.C. 1251–
1376].
(Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance
Program Number 20.205, Highway Planning
and Construction. The regulations
implementing Executive Order 12372
regarding intergovernmental consultation on
Federal programs and activities apply to this
program.)
Authority: 23 U.S.C. 139(l)(1), as amended
by Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st
Century Act (MAP–21), Pub. L. 112–141,
§ 1308, 126 Stat. 405(2012).
Issued on: April 14, 2014.
R. Kirk Fredrichs,
Assistant Division Administrator, FHWA
Wisconsin Division, Madison, Wisconsin.
[FR Doc. 2014–09254 Filed 4–24–14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–RY–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Motor Carrier Safety
Administration
[Docket No. FMCSA–2013–0109]
Qualification of Drivers; Exemption
Applications; Epilepsy and Seizure
Disorders
Federal Motor Carrier Safety
Administration (FMCSA), DOT.
ACTION: Notice of final disposition.
AGENCY:
FMCSA announces its
decision to grant requests from four
SUMMARY:
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Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
individuals for exemptions from the
regulatory requirement that interstate
commercial motor vehicle (CMV)
drivers have ‘‘no established medical
history or clinical diagnosis of epilepsy
or any other condition which is likely
to cause loss of consciousness or any
loss of ability to control a CMV.’’ The
regulation and the associated advisory
criteria published in the Code of Federal
Regulations as the ‘‘Instructions for
Performing and Recording Physical
Examinations’’ have resulted in
numerous drivers being prohibited from
operating CMVs in interstate commerce
based on the fact that they have had one
or more seizures and are taking antiseizure medication, rather than an
individual analysis of their
circumstances by a qualified medical
examiner. The Agency concluded that
granting exemptions for these CMV
drivers will provide a level of safety that
is equivalent to or greater than the level
of safety maintained without the
exemptions. FMCSA grants exemptions
that will allow these four individuals to
operate CMVs in interstate commerce
for a 2-year period. The exemptions
preempt State laws and regulations and
may be renewed.
DATES: The exemptions are effective
April 25, 2014. The exemptions expire
on April 25, 2016.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Elaine M. Papp, Division Chief, Physical
Qualifications, Office of Medical
Programs, (202) 366–4001,
fmcsamedical@dot.gov, FMCSA,
Department of Transportation, 1200
New Jersey Avenue SE., Room W64–
224, Washington, DC 20590–0001.
Office hours are 8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m., e.t.,
Monday through Friday, except Federal
holidays.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
A. Electronic Access
You may see all the comments online
through the Federal Document
Management System (FDMS) at: https://
www.regulations.gov.
Docket: For access to the docket to
read background documents or
comments, go to https://
www.regulations.gov and/or Room
W12–140 on the ground level of the
West Building, 1200 New Jersey Avenue
SE., Washington, DC, between 9 a.m.
and 5 p.m., e.t., Monday through Friday,
except Federal holidays.
Privacy Act: Anyone may search the
electronic form of all comments
received into any of DOT’s dockets by
the name of the individual submitting
the comment (or of the person signing
the comment, if submitted on behalf of
an association, business, labor union, or
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Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 80 / Friday, April 25, 2014 / Notices
other entity). You may review DOT’s
complete Privacy Act Statement in the
Federal Register (73 FR 3316, January
17, 2008). This statement is also
available at https://Docketinfo.dot.gov.
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B. Background
Under 49 U.S.C. 31136(e) and
31315(b), FMCSA may grant an
exemption from the safety regulations
for a 2-year period if it finds ‘‘such
exemption would likely achieve a level
of safety that is equivalent to or greater
than the level that would be achieved
absent such exemption.’’ The statute
also allows the Agency to renew
exemptions at the end of the 2-year
period.
FMCSA grants four individuals an
exemption from the regulatory
requirement in § 391.41(b)(8), to allow
these individuals who take anti-seizure
medication to operate CMVs in
interstate commerce for a 2-year period.
The Agency’s decision on these
exemption applications is based on an
individualized assessment of each
applicant’s medical information,
including the root cause of the
respective seizure(s), the length of time
elapsed since the individual’s last
seizure, and each individual’s treatment
regimen. In addition, the Agency
reviewed each applicant’s driving
record found in the Commercial Driver’s
License Information System (CDLIS) 1
for commercial driver’s license (CDL)
holders, and interstate and intrastate
inspections recorded in Motor Carrier
Management Information System
(MCMIS).2 For non-CDL holders, the
Agency reviewed the driving records
from the State licensing agency. The
Agency acknowledges the potential
consequences of a driver experiencing a
seizure while operating a CMV.
However, the Agency believes the
drivers covered by the exemptions
granted here have demonstrated that
they are unlikely to have a seizure and
their medical condition does not pose a
risk to public safety.
In reaching the decision to grant these
exemption requests, the Agency
considered both current medical
literature and information and the 2007
recommendations of the Agency’s
1 Commercial Driver License Information System
(CDLIS) is an information system that allows the
exchange of commercial driver licensing
information among all the States. CDLIS includes
the databases of fifty-one licensing jurisdictions and
the CDLIS Central Site, all connected by a
telecommunications network.
2 Motor Carrier Management Information System
(MCMIS) is an information system that captures
data from field offices through SAFETYNET,
CAPRI, and other sources. It is a source for FMCSA
inspection, crash, compliance review, safety audit,
and registration data.
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Medical Expert Panel (MEP). The
Agency previously gathered evidence
for potential changes to the regulation at
49 CFR 391.41(b)(8) by conducting a
comprehensive review of scientific
literature that was compiled into the
‘‘Evidence Report on Seizure Disorders
and Commercial Vehicle Driving’’
(Evidence Report) [CD–ROM HD
TL230.3 .E95 2007]. The Agency then
convened a panel of medical experts in
the field of neurology (the MEP) on May
14–15, 2007, to review 49 CFR
391.41(b)(8) and the advisory criteria
regarding individuals who have
experienced a seizure, and the 2007
Evidence Report. The Evidence Report
and the MEP recommendations are
published on-line at https://
www.fmcsa.dot.gov/rules-regulations/
topics/mep/mep-reports.htm, under
Seizure Disorders, and are in the docket
for this notice.
MEP Criteria for Evaluation
On October 15, 2007, the MEP issued
the following recommended criteria for
evaluating whether an individual with
epilepsy or a seizure disorder should be
allowed to operate a CMV.3 The MEP
recommendations are included in
previously published dockets.
Epilepsy diagnosis. If there is an
epilepsy diagnosis, the applicant should
be seizure-free for 8 years, on or off
medication. If the individual is taking
anti-seizure medication(s), the plan for
medication should be stable for 2 years.
Stable means no changes in medication,
dosage, or frequency of medication
administration. Recertification for
drivers with an epilepsy diagnosis
should be performed every year.
Single unprovoked seizure. If there is
a single unprovoked seizure (i.e., there
is no known trigger for the seizure), the
individual should be seizure-free for 4
years, on or off medication. If the
individual is taking anti-seizure
medication(s), the plan for medication
should be stable for 2 years. Stable
means no changes in medication,
dosage, or frequency of medication
administration. Recertification for
drivers with a single unprovoked
seizure should be performed every 2
years.
Single provoked seizure. If there is a
single provoked seizure (i.e., there is a
known reason for the seizure), the
Agency should consider specific criteria
that fall into the following two
categories: low-risk factors for
3 Engel, J., Fisher, R.S., Krauss, G.L., Krumholz,
A., and Quigg, M.S., ‘‘Expert Panel
Recommendations: Seizure Disorders and
Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Safety,’’ FMCSA,
October 15, 2007.
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Sfmt 4703
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recurrence and moderate-to-high risk
factors for recurrence.
• Examples of low-risk factors for
recurrence include seizures that were
caused by a medication; by nonpenetrating head injury with loss of
consciousness less than or equal to 30
minutes; by a brief loss of consciousness
not likely to recur while driving; by
metabolic derangement not likely to
recur; and by alcohol or illicit drug
withdrawal.
• Examples of moderate-to-high-risk
factors for recurrence include seizures
caused by non-penetrating head injury
with loss of consciousness or amnesia
greater than 30 minutes, or penetrating
head injury; intracerebral hemorrhage
associated with a stroke or trauma;
infections; intracranial hemorrhage;
post-operative complications from brain
surgery with significant brain
hemorrhage; brain tumor; or stroke.
The MEP report indicates individuals
with moderate to high-risk conditions
should not be certified. Drivers with a
history of a single provoked seizure
with low risk factors for recurrence
should be recertified every year.
Medical Review Board
Recommendations and Agency Decision
FMCSA presented the MEP’s findings
and the Evidence Report to the Medical
Review Board (MRB) for consideration.
The MRB reviewed and considered the
2007 ‘‘Seizure Disorders and
Commercial Driver Safety’’ evidence
report and the 2007 MEP
recommendations. The MRB
recommended maintaining the current
advisory criteria, which provide that
‘‘drivers with a history of epilepsy/
seizures off anti-seizure medication and
seizure-free for 10 years may be
qualified to drive a CMV in interstate
commerce. Interstate drivers with a
history of a single unprovoked seizure
may be qualified to drive a CMV in
interstate commerce if seizure-free and
off anti-seizure medication for a 5 year
period or more’’ [Advisory criteria to 49
CFR 391.43(f)].
The Agency acknowledges the MRB’s
position on the issue but believes
relevant current medical evidence
supports a less conservative approach.
The medical advisory criteria for
epilepsy and other seizure or loss of
consciousness episodes was based on
the 1988 ‘‘Conference on Neurological
Disorders and Commercial Drivers’’
(NITS Accession No. PB89–158950/AS).
A copy of the report can be found in the
docket referenced in this notice.
The MRB’s recommendation treats all
drivers who have experienced a seizure
the same, regardless of individual
medical conditions and circumstances.
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In addition, the recommendation to
continue prohibiting drivers who are
taking anti-seizure medication from
operating a CMV in interstate commerce
does not consider a driver’s actual
seizure history and time since the last
seizure. The Agency has decided to use
the 2007 MEP recommendations as the
basis for evaluating applications for an
exemption from the seizure regulation
on an individual, case-by-case basis.
C. Exemptions
Following individualized assessments
of the exemption applications,
including a review of detailed follow-up
information requested from each
applicant, FMCSA is granting
exemptions from 49 CFR 391.41(b)(8) to
four individuals. Under current FMCSA
regulations, all of the four drivers
receiving exemptions from 49 CFR
391.41(b)(8) would have been
considered physically qualified to drive
a CMV in interstate commerce except
that they presently take or have recently
stopped taking anti-seizure medication.
For these four drivers, the primary
obstacle to medical qualification was
the FMCSA Advisory Criteria for
Medical Examiners, based on the 1988
‘‘Conference on Neurological Disorders
and Commercial Drivers,’’ stating that a
driver should be off anti-seizure
medication in order to drive in
interstate commerce. In fact, the
Advisory Criteria have little if anything
to do with the actual risk of a seizure
and more to do with assumptions about
individuals who are taking anti-seizure
medication.
In addition to evaluating the medical
status of each applicant, FMCSA
evaluated the crash and violation data
for the four drivers, some of whom
currently drive a CMV in intrastate
commerce. The CDLIS and MCMIS were
searched for crash and violation data on
the four applicants. For non-CDL
holders, the Agency reviewed the
driving records from the State licensing
agency.
These exemptions are contingent on
the driver maintaining a stable
treatment regimen and remaining
seizure-free during the 2-year exemption
period. The exempted drivers must
submit annual reports from their
treating physicians attesting to the
stability of treatment and that the driver
has remained seizure-free. The driver
must undergo an annual medical
examination by a medical examiner, as
defined by 49 CFR 390.5, following the
FCMSA’s regulations for the physical
qualifications for CMV drivers.
FMCSA published a notice of receipt
of application and requested public
comment during a 30-day public
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comment period in a Federal Register
notice for each of the applicants. A short
summary of the applicants’
qualifications and a discussion of the
comments received follows this section.
For applicants who were denied an
exemption, a notice will be published at
a later date.
D. Comments
Docket # FMCSA–2013–0109
On November 13, 2013, FMCSA
published a notice of receipt of
exemption applications and requested
public comment on 11individuals (78
FR 68144). The comment period ended
on December 13, 2013. No commenters
responded to this Federal Register
notice. FMCSA has determined that four
of these applicants should be granted an
exemption.
Dean Bretey
Mr. Bretey is a 63 year-old driver in
Wisconsin. He has a history of seizures
and has remained seizure free for at
least 10 years. He takes anti-seizure
medication with the dosage and
frequency remaining the same for 10
years. If granted the exemption, he
would like to drive a CMV. His
physician states he is supportive of Mr.
Bretey receiving an exemption.
Dwight Crownover
Mr. Crownover is 49 year-old driver
in New York. He has a history of
seizures and has remained seizure free
for 29 years. He takes anti-seizure
medication with the dosage and
frequency remaining the same since that
time. If granted the exemption, he
would like to drive a delivery truck. His
physician states he is supportive of Mr.
Crownover receiving an exemption.
John Johnson
Mr. Johnson is a 35 year-old driver in
Wisconsin. He has a history of epilepsy
and has remained seizure free since
2005. He takes anti-seizure medication
with the dosage and frequency
remaining the same for over 8 years. If
granted the exemption, he would like to
drive a CMV. His physician states that
he is supportive of Mr. Johnson
receiving an exemption.
Michael Schneider
Mr. Schneider is a 27 year-old driver
in Wisconsin. He has a history seizure
and has remained seizure free since
2004. He does not take seizure
medication and states that he has never
taken seizure medication. If granted the
exemption, he would like to drive a
heavy equipment truck. His physician
states that he is supportive of Mr.
Schneider receiving an exemption.
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Fmt 4703
Sfmt 9990
E. Basis for Exemption
Under 49 U.S.C. 31136(e) and
31315(b), FMCSA may grant an
exemption from the epilepsy/seizure
standard in 49 CFR 391.41(b)(8) if the
exemption is likely to achieve an
equivalent or greater level of safety than
would be achieved without the
exemption. Without the exemption,
applicants will continue to be restricted
to intrastate driving. With the
exemption, applicants can drive in
interstate commerce. Thus, the Agency’s
analysis focuses on whether an equal or
greater level of safety is likely to be
achieved by permitting each of these
drivers to drive in interstate commerce
as opposed to restricting the driver to
driving in intrastate commerce.
Conclusion
The Agency is granting exemptions
from the epilepsy standard, 49 CFR
391.41(b)(8), to four individuals based
on a thorough evaluation of each
driver’s qualifications, safety
experience, and medical condition.
Safety analysis of information relating to
these four applicants meets the burden
of showing that granting the exemptions
would achieve a level of safety that is
equivalent to or greater than the level
that would be achieved without the
exemption. In accordance with 49
U.S.C. 31315(b)(1), each exemption will
be valid for 2 years, with annual
recertification required unless revoked
earlier by FMCSA. The exemption will
be revoked if the following occurs: (1)
The person fails to comply with the
terms and conditions of the exemption;
(2) the exemption has resulted in a
lower level of safety than was
maintained prior to being granted; or (3)
continuation of the exemption would
not be consistent with the goals and
objectives of 49 U.S.C. 31136 and 31315.
FMCSA exempts the following four
drivers for a period of 2 years with
annual medical certification required:
Dean Bretey (WI); Dwight Crownover
(NY); John Johnson (WI); and Michael
Schneider (WI) from the prohibition of
CMV operations by persons with a
clinical diagnosis of epilepsy or
seizures. If the exemption is still in
effect at the end of the 2-year period,
each of the drivers may apply to FMCSA
for a renewal under procedures in effect
at that time.
Issued on: March 25, 2014.
Anne S. Ferro,
Administrator.
[FR Doc. 2014–09447 Filed 4–24–14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–EX–P
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 79, Number 80 (Friday, April 25, 2014)]
[Notices]
[Pages 23054-23056]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2014-09447]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
[Docket No. FMCSA-2013-0109]
Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Epilepsy and
Seizure Disorders
AGENCY: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), DOT.
ACTION: Notice of final disposition.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: FMCSA announces its decision to grant requests from four
individuals for exemptions from the regulatory requirement that
interstate commercial motor vehicle (CMV) drivers have ``no established
medical history or clinical diagnosis of epilepsy or any other
condition which is likely to cause loss of consciousness or any loss of
ability to control a CMV.'' The regulation and the associated advisory
criteria published in the Code of Federal Regulations as the
``Instructions for Performing and Recording Physical Examinations''
have resulted in numerous drivers being prohibited from operating CMVs
in interstate commerce based on the fact that they have had one or more
seizures and are taking anti-seizure medication, rather than an
individual analysis of their circumstances by a qualified medical
examiner. The Agency concluded that granting exemptions for these CMV
drivers will provide a level of safety that is equivalent to or greater
than the level of safety maintained without the exemptions. FMCSA
grants exemptions that will allow these four individuals to operate
CMVs in interstate commerce for a 2-year period. The exemptions preempt
State laws and regulations and may be renewed.
DATES: The exemptions are effective April 25, 2014. The exemptions
expire on April 25, 2016.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Elaine M. Papp, Division Chief,
Physical Qualifications, Office of Medical Programs, (202) 366-4001,
fmcsamedical@dot.gov, FMCSA, Department of Transportation, 1200 New
Jersey Avenue SE., Room W64-224, Washington, DC 20590-0001. Office
hours are 8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m., e.t., Monday through Friday, except
Federal holidays.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
A. Electronic Access
You may see all the comments online through the Federal Document
Management System (FDMS) at: https://www.regulations.gov.
Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or
comments, go to https://www.regulations.gov and/or Room W12-140 on the
ground level of the West Building, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE.,
Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., e.t., Monday through Friday,
except Federal holidays.
Privacy Act: Anyone may search the electronic form of all comments
received into any of DOT's dockets by the name of the individual
submitting the comment (or of the person signing the comment, if
submitted on behalf of an association, business, labor union, or
[[Page 23055]]
other entity). You may review DOT's complete Privacy Act Statement in
the Federal Register (73 FR 3316, January 17, 2008). This statement is
also available at https://Docketinfo.dot.gov.
B. Background
Under 49 U.S.C. 31136(e) and 31315(b), FMCSA may grant an exemption
from the safety regulations for a 2-year period if it finds ``such
exemption would likely achieve a level of safety that is equivalent to
or greater than the level that would be achieved absent such
exemption.'' The statute also allows the Agency to renew exemptions at
the end of the 2-year period.
FMCSA grants four individuals an exemption from the regulatory
requirement in Sec. 391.41(b)(8), to allow these individuals who take
anti-seizure medication to operate CMVs in interstate commerce for a 2-
year period. The Agency's decision on these exemption applications is
based on an individualized assessment of each applicant's medical
information, including the root cause of the respective seizure(s), the
length of time elapsed since the individual's last seizure, and each
individual's treatment regimen. In addition, the Agency reviewed each
applicant's driving record found in the Commercial Driver's License
Information System (CDLIS) \1\ for commercial driver's license (CDL)
holders, and interstate and intrastate inspections recorded in Motor
Carrier Management Information System (MCMIS).\2\ For non-CDL holders,
the Agency reviewed the driving records from the State licensing
agency. The Agency acknowledges the potential consequences of a driver
experiencing a seizure while operating a CMV. However, the Agency
believes the drivers covered by the exemptions granted here have
demonstrated that they are unlikely to have a seizure and their medical
condition does not pose a risk to public safety.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Commercial Driver License Information System (CDLIS) is an
information system that allows the exchange of commercial driver
licensing information among all the States. CDLIS includes the
databases of fifty-one licensing jurisdictions and the CDLIS Central
Site, all connected by a telecommunications network.
\2\ Motor Carrier Management Information System (MCMIS) is an
information system that captures data from field offices through
SAFETYNET, CAPRI, and other sources. It is a source for FMCSA
inspection, crash, compliance review, safety audit, and registration
data.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In reaching the decision to grant these exemption requests, the
Agency considered both current medical literature and information and
the 2007 recommendations of the Agency's Medical Expert Panel (MEP).
The Agency previously gathered evidence for potential changes to the
regulation at 49 CFR 391.41(b)(8) by conducting a comprehensive review
of scientific literature that was compiled into the ``Evidence Report
on Seizure Disorders and Commercial Vehicle Driving'' (Evidence Report)
[CD-ROM HD TL230.3 .E95 2007]. The Agency then convened a panel of
medical experts in the field of neurology (the MEP) on May 14-15, 2007,
to review 49 CFR 391.41(b)(8) and the advisory criteria regarding
individuals who have experienced a seizure, and the 2007 Evidence
Report. The Evidence Report and the MEP recommendations are published
on-line at https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/rules-regulations/topics/mep/mep-reports.htm, under Seizure Disorders, and are in the docket for this
notice.
MEP Criteria for Evaluation
On October 15, 2007, the MEP issued the following recommended
criteria for evaluating whether an individual with epilepsy or a
seizure disorder should be allowed to operate a CMV.\3\ The MEP
recommendations are included in previously published dockets.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ Engel, J., Fisher, R.S., Krauss, G.L., Krumholz, A., and
Quigg, M.S., ``Expert Panel Recommendations: Seizure Disorders and
Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Safety,'' FMCSA, October 15, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Epilepsy diagnosis. If there is an epilepsy diagnosis, the
applicant should be seizure-free for 8 years, on or off medication. If
the individual is taking anti-seizure medication(s), the plan for
medication should be stable for 2 years. Stable means no changes in
medication, dosage, or frequency of medication administration.
Recertification for drivers with an epilepsy diagnosis should be
performed every year.
Single unprovoked seizure. If there is a single unprovoked seizure
(i.e., there is no known trigger for the seizure), the individual
should be seizure-free for 4 years, on or off medication. If the
individual is taking anti-seizure medication(s), the plan for
medication should be stable for 2 years. Stable means no changes in
medication, dosage, or frequency of medication administration.
Recertification for drivers with a single unprovoked seizure should be
performed every 2 years.
Single provoked seizure. If there is a single provoked seizure
(i.e., there is a known reason for the seizure), the Agency should
consider specific criteria that fall into the following two categories:
low-risk factors for recurrence and moderate-to-high risk factors for
recurrence.
Examples of low-risk factors for recurrence include
seizures that were caused by a medication; by non-penetrating head
injury with loss of consciousness less than or equal to 30 minutes; by
a brief loss of consciousness not likely to recur while driving; by
metabolic derangement not likely to recur; and by alcohol or illicit
drug withdrawal.
Examples of moderate-to-high-risk factors for recurrence
include seizures caused by non-penetrating head injury with loss of
consciousness or amnesia greater than 30 minutes, or penetrating head
injury; intracerebral hemorrhage associated with a stroke or trauma;
infections; intracranial hemorrhage; post-operative complications from
brain surgery with significant brain hemorrhage; brain tumor; or
stroke.
The MEP report indicates individuals with moderate to high-risk
conditions should not be certified. Drivers with a history of a single
provoked seizure with low risk factors for recurrence should be
recertified every year.
Medical Review Board Recommendations and Agency Decision
FMCSA presented the MEP's findings and the Evidence Report to the
Medical Review Board (MRB) for consideration. The MRB reviewed and
considered the 2007 ``Seizure Disorders and Commercial Driver Safety''
evidence report and the 2007 MEP recommendations. The MRB recommended
maintaining the current advisory criteria, which provide that ``drivers
with a history of epilepsy/seizures off anti-seizure medication and
seizure-free for 10 years may be qualified to drive a CMV in interstate
commerce. Interstate drivers with a history of a single unprovoked
seizure may be qualified to drive a CMV in interstate commerce if
seizure-free and off anti-seizure medication for a 5 year period or
more'' [Advisory criteria to 49 CFR 391.43(f)].
The Agency acknowledges the MRB's position on the issue but
believes relevant current medical evidence supports a less conservative
approach. The medical advisory criteria for epilepsy and other seizure
or loss of consciousness episodes was based on the 1988 ``Conference on
Neurological Disorders and Commercial Drivers'' (NITS Accession No.
PB89-158950/AS). A copy of the report can be found in the docket
referenced in this notice.
The MRB's recommendation treats all drivers who have experienced a
seizure the same, regardless of individual medical conditions and
circumstances.
[[Page 23056]]
In addition, the recommendation to continue prohibiting drivers who are
taking anti-seizure medication from operating a CMV in interstate
commerce does not consider a driver's actual seizure history and time
since the last seizure. The Agency has decided to use the 2007 MEP
recommendations as the basis for evaluating applications for an
exemption from the seizure regulation on an individual, case-by-case
basis.
C. Exemptions
Following individualized assessments of the exemption applications,
including a review of detailed follow-up information requested from
each applicant, FMCSA is granting exemptions from 49 CFR 391.41(b)(8)
to four individuals. Under current FMCSA regulations, all of the four
drivers receiving exemptions from 49 CFR 391.41(b)(8) would have been
considered physically qualified to drive a CMV in interstate commerce
except that they presently take or have recently stopped taking anti-
seizure medication. For these four drivers, the primary obstacle to
medical qualification was the FMCSA Advisory Criteria for Medical
Examiners, based on the 1988 ``Conference on Neurological Disorders and
Commercial Drivers,'' stating that a driver should be off anti-seizure
medication in order to drive in interstate commerce. In fact, the
Advisory Criteria have little if anything to do with the actual risk of
a seizure and more to do with assumptions about individuals who are
taking anti-seizure medication.
In addition to evaluating the medical status of each applicant,
FMCSA evaluated the crash and violation data for the four drivers, some
of whom currently drive a CMV in intrastate commerce. The CDLIS and
MCMIS were searched for crash and violation data on the four
applicants. For non-CDL holders, the Agency reviewed the driving
records from the State licensing agency.
These exemptions are contingent on the driver maintaining a stable
treatment regimen and remaining seizure-free during the 2-year
exemption period. The exempted drivers must submit annual reports from
their treating physicians attesting to the stability of treatment and
that the driver has remained seizure-free. The driver must undergo an
annual medical examination by a medical examiner, as defined by 49 CFR
390.5, following the FCMSA's regulations for the physical
qualifications for CMV drivers.
FMCSA published a notice of receipt of application and requested
public comment during a 30-day public comment period in a Federal
Register notice for each of the applicants. A short summary of the
applicants' qualifications and a discussion of the comments received
follows this section. For applicants who were denied an exemption, a
notice will be published at a later date.
D. Comments
Docket FMCSA-2013-0109
On November 13, 2013, FMCSA published a notice of receipt of
exemption applications and requested public comment on 11individuals
(78 FR 68144). The comment period ended on December 13, 2013. No
commenters responded to this Federal Register notice. FMCSA has
determined that four of these applicants should be granted an
exemption.
Dean Bretey
Mr. Bretey is a 63 year-old driver in Wisconsin. He has a history
of seizures and has remained seizure free for at least 10 years. He
takes anti-seizure medication with the dosage and frequency remaining
the same for 10 years. If granted the exemption, he would like to drive
a CMV. His physician states he is supportive of Mr. Bretey receiving an
exemption.
Dwight Crownover
Mr. Crownover is 49 year-old driver in New York. He has a history
of seizures and has remained seizure free for 29 years. He takes anti-
seizure medication with the dosage and frequency remaining the same
since that time. If granted the exemption, he would like to drive a
delivery truck. His physician states he is supportive of Mr. Crownover
receiving an exemption.
John Johnson
Mr. Johnson is a 35 year-old driver in Wisconsin. He has a history
of epilepsy and has remained seizure free since 2005. He takes anti-
seizure medication with the dosage and frequency remaining the same for
over 8 years. If granted the exemption, he would like to drive a CMV.
His physician states that he is supportive of Mr. Johnson receiving an
exemption.
Michael Schneider
Mr. Schneider is a 27 year-old driver in Wisconsin. He has a
history seizure and has remained seizure free since 2004. He does not
take seizure medication and states that he has never taken seizure
medication. If granted the exemption, he would like to drive a heavy
equipment truck. His physician states that he is supportive of Mr.
Schneider receiving an exemption.
E. Basis for Exemption
Under 49 U.S.C. 31136(e) and 31315(b), FMCSA may grant an exemption
from the epilepsy/seizure standard in 49 CFR 391.41(b)(8) if the
exemption is likely to achieve an equivalent or greater level of safety
than would be achieved without the exemption. Without the exemption,
applicants will continue to be restricted to intrastate driving. With
the exemption, applicants can drive in interstate commerce. Thus, the
Agency's analysis focuses on whether an equal or greater level of
safety is likely to be achieved by permitting each of these drivers to
drive in interstate commerce as opposed to restricting the driver to
driving in intrastate commerce.
Conclusion
The Agency is granting exemptions from the epilepsy standard, 49
CFR 391.41(b)(8), to four individuals based on a thorough evaluation of
each driver's qualifications, safety experience, and medical condition.
Safety analysis of information relating to these four applicants meets
the burden of showing that granting the exemptions would achieve a
level of safety that is equivalent to or greater than the level that
would be achieved without the exemption. In accordance with 49 U.S.C.
31315(b)(1), each exemption will be valid for 2 years, with annual
recertification required unless revoked earlier by FMCSA. The exemption
will be revoked if the following occurs: (1) The person fails to comply
with the terms and conditions of the exemption; (2) the exemption has
resulted in a lower level of safety than was maintained prior to being
granted; or (3) continuation of the exemption would not be consistent
with the goals and objectives of 49 U.S.C. 31136 and 31315.
FMCSA exempts the following four drivers for a period of 2 years
with annual medical certification required: Dean Bretey (WI); Dwight
Crownover (NY); John Johnson (WI); and Michael Schneider (WI) from the
prohibition of CMV operations by persons with a clinical diagnosis of
epilepsy or seizures. If the exemption is still in effect at the end of
the 2-year period, each of the drivers may apply to FMCSA for a renewal
under procedures in effect at that time.
Issued on: March 25, 2014.
Anne S. Ferro,
Administrator.
[FR Doc. 2014-09447 Filed 4-24-14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-EX-P