Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Permit Requirements for Transportation of Hazardous Material, 21840-21842 [2014-08690]
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Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 74 / Thursday, April 17, 2014 / Notices
the Federal Register. See 49 CFR
107.209(c). A short period of time is
allowed for filing of petitions for
reconsideration. 49 CFR 107.211. A
petition for judicial review of a final
preemption determination must be filed
in the United States Court of Appeals
for the District of Columbia or in the
Court of Appeals for the United States
for the circuit in which the petitioner
resides or has its principal place of
business, within 60 days after the
determination becomes final. 49 U.S.C.
5127(a).
Preemption determinations do not
address issues of preemption arising
under the Commerce Clause, the Fifth
Amendment or other provisions of the
Constitution, or statutes other than the
Federal hazardous material
transportation law unless it is necessary
to do so in order to determine whether
a requirement is authorized by another
Federal law, or whether a fee is ‘‘fair’’
within the meaning of 49 U.S.C.
5125(f)(1). A State, local or Indian tribe
requirement is not authorized by
another Federal law merely because it is
not preempted by another Federal
statute. Colorado Pub. Util. Comm’n v.
Harmon, above, 951 F.2d at 1581 n.10.
In addition, PHMSA does not generally
consider issues regarding the proper
application or interpretation of a nonFederal regulation, but rather how such
requirements are actually ‘‘applied or
enforced.’’ Rather, ‘‘isolated instances of
improper enforcement (e.g.,
misinterpretation of regulations) do not
render such provisions inconsistent’’
with Federal hazardous material
transportation law, but are more
appropriately addressed in the
appropriate State or local forum. PD–
14(R), Houston, Texas, Fire Code
Requirements on the Storage,
Transportation, and Handling of
Hazardous Materials, 63 FR 67506,
67510 n.4 (Dec. 7, 1998), decision on
petition for reconsideration, 64 FR
33949 (June 24, 1999), quoting from IR–
31, Louisiana Statutes and Regulations
on Hazardous Materials Transportation,
55 FR 25572, 25584 (June 21, 1990),
appeal dismissed as moot, 57 FR 41165
(Sept. 9, 1992), and PD–4 (R), California
Requirements Applicable to Cargo
Tanks Transporting Flammable and
Combustible Liquids, 58 FR 48940
(Sept. 20, 1993), decision on
reconsideration, 60 FR 8800 (Feb. 15,
1995).
In making preemption determinations
under 49 U.S.C. 5125(d), PHMSA is
guided by the principles and policies set
forth in Executive Order No. 13132,
entitled ‘‘Federalism’’ (64 FR 43255
(Aug. 10, 1999)), and the President’s
May 20, 2009 memorandum on
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17:28 Apr 16, 2014
Jkt 232001
‘‘Preemption’’ (74 FR 24693 (May 22,
2009)). Section 4(a) of that Executive
Order authorizes preemption of State
laws only when a statute contains an
express preemption provision, there is
other clear evidence Congress intended
to preempt State law, or the exercise of
State authority directly conflicts with
the exercise of Federal authority. The
President’s May 20, 2009 memorandum
sets forth the policy ‘‘that preemption of
State law by executive departments and
agencies should be undertaken only
with full consideration of the legitimate
prerogatives of the States and with a
sufficient legal basis for preemption.’’
Section 5125 contains express
preemption provisions, which PHMSA
has implemented through its
regulations.
IV. Public Comments
All comments should be directed to
whether 49 U.S.C. 5125 preempts the
City of New York’s requirements for a
permit for transporting these hazardous
materials by motor vehicle through the
City, or for transshipment from the City,
and the fee for obtaining the permit.
Comments should specifically address
the preemption criteria discussed in
Part II above and set forth in detail the
manner in which these requirements are
applied and enforced, including:
• Any requirements or conditions for
issuance of a permit, other than
completion of the application form,
payment of the permit fee, and
inspection of the tractor or trailer;
• the amount of time taken by the
City to conduct the inspection and issue
a permit; and
• for each of the past three calendar
(or fiscal) years, the total amount of
permit fees collected by the City and all
purposes for which these fees have been
used (including an identification of the
specific accounts into which the permit
fees were deposited).
Issued in Washington, DC, on April 11,
2014.
Vanessa L. Allen Sutherland,
Chief Counsel.
[FR Doc. 2014–08691 Filed 4–16–14; 8:45 am]
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials
Safety Administration
[Docket No. PHMSA–2014–0002 (PDA–
36(R)]
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Permit
Requirements for Transportation of
Hazardous Material
Pipeline and Hazardous
Materials Safety Administration
(PHMSA), DOT.
ACTION: Public notice and invitation to
comment.
AGENCY:
Interested parties are invited
to comment on an application by the
American Trucking Associations, Inc.
(ATA) for an administrative
determination whether Federal
hazardous material transportation law
preempts requirements of the City of
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania for a permit to
transport hazardous materials by motor
vehicle and the fee to obtain the permit.
DATES: Comments received on or before
June 2, 2014 and rebuttal comments
received on or before July 16, 2014 will
be considered before an administrative
determination is issued by PHMSA’s
Chief Counsel. Rebuttal comments may
discuss only those issues raised by
comments received during the initial
comment period and may not discuss
new issues.
ADDRESSES: ATA’s application and all
comments received may be reviewed in
the Docket Operations Facility (M–30),
U.S. Department of Transportation,
West Building Ground Floor, Room
W12–140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE.,
Washington, DC 20590. The application
and all comments are available on the
U.S. Government Regulations Web site:
https://www.regulations.gov.
Comments must refer to Docket No.
PHMSA–2014–0002 and may be
submitted by any of the following
methods:
• Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to
https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the
online instructions for submitting
comments.
• Fax: 1–202–493–2251.
• Mail: Docket Operations Facility
(M–30), U.S. Department of
Transportation, West Building Ground
Floor, Room W12–140, 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590.
• Hand Delivery: Docket Operations
Facility (M–30), U.S. Department of
Transportation, West Building Ground
Floor, Room W12–140, 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590,
between 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m.,
Monday through Friday, except Federal
holidays.
SUMMARY:
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A copy of each comment must also be
sent to (1) Boyd Stephenson, Director,
Hazardous Materials & Licensing Policy,
American Trucking Associations, 950
Glebe Road, Suite 210, Arlington, VA
22203; (2) Darryl E. Jones, Fire Chief,
Pittsburgh Bureau of Fire, Civic
Building, 200 Ross Street, Fifth Floor,
Pittsburgh, PA 15219; and (3) Pittsburgh
City Solicitor, Law Department, 313
City-County Building, 414 Grant Street,
Pittsburgh, PA 15219. A certification
that a copy has been sent to these
persons must also be included with the
comment. (The following format is
suggested: ‘‘I certify that copies of this
comment have been sent to the
American Trucking Associations, the
Pittsburgh Bureau of Fire, and the
Pittsburgh City Solicitor at the addresses
specified in the Federal Register.’’)
Anyone is able to search the
electronic form of all comments
received into any of our dockets by the
name of the individual submitting the
comment (or signing a comment
submitted on behalf of an association,
business, labor union, etc.). You may
review DOT’s complete Privacy Act
Statement in the Federal Register
published on April 11, 2000 (65 FR
19477–78), or you may visit https://
www.regulations.gov.
A subject matter index of hazardous
materials preemption cases, including a
listing of all inconsistency rulings (IRs)
and preemption determinations (PDs), is
available through PHMSA’s home page
at https://phmsa.dot.gov. From the home
page, click on ‘‘Regulations,’’ then on
‘‘Preemption of State and Local Laws’’
(in the ‘‘Hazmat Safety’’ column). A
paper copy of the index will be
provided at no cost upon request to Mr.
Hilder or Mr. Lopez, at the address and
telephone number set forth in FOR
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT below.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Frazer C. Hilder or Vincent Lopez,
Office of Chief Counsel (PHC–10),
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety
Administration, U.S. Department of
Transportation, 1200 New Jersey
Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590;
telephone No. 202–366–4400; facsimile
No. 202–366–7041.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
TKELLEY on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
I. Application for a Preemption
Determination
17:28 Apr 16, 2014
Jkt 232001
Only motor carriers are required to obtain
Pittsburgh’s permit, which imposes an unfair
burden on a single mode of transportation.
The permit requirements also present
possible substantive dissimilarity issues
violating 49 CFR 107.201(d). Finally,
Pittsburgh cannot show that it is using funds
generated from its permit fees for hazardous
materials enforcement and emergency
response training.
1 ATA
ATA has applied to PHMSA for a
determination whether Federal
hazardous material transportation law,
49 U.S.C. 5101 et seq., preempts
provisions in Chapter 801 of Title 8 of
the Pittsburgh Code, Fire Prevention,
which, according to ATA, require a
person ‘‘desiring to transport hazardous
VerDate Mar<15>2010
materials by motor vehicle in, around,
or through Pittsburgh [to] pay $132
dollars and fill out an application.’’ 1 In
Section 801.01 of the Fire Prevention
Code, the City of Pittsburgh (City) has
adopted ‘‘the International Fire Code/
2003, listed in Section 403.21 of Annex
A, Title 34 Pennsylvania Labor and
Industry Part XIV Uniform Construction
Code, except for such portions thereof
as are changed by Section 801.02 of this
chapter.’’
Section 105.6.21 of the 2003 edition
of the International Fire Code, titled
‘‘Hazardous Materials,’’ provides that:
‘‘An operational permit is required to
store, transport on site, dispense, use or
handle hazardous materials in excess of
the amounts listed in Table 105.6.21.’’
(Emphasis supplied.) This provision has
been modified in Section 801.02 of the
City’s Fire Prevention Code to list
permit fees (and whether an inspection
fee applies) for numerous specified
materials and activities. Item No.
105.6.21J indicates that a permit is
required for ‘‘Transportation of haz
material’’ and that the permit fee is
$132.2 The copy of the ‘‘Application for
Permit for Transportation of Hazardous
Materials’’ form provided by ATA
contains space for the applicant to insert
the ‘‘amounts for each kind or category’’
of materials for ‘‘keeping, storage,
occupancy, use, sale, handling, or
manufacturing’’ at the applicant’s
‘‘location’’ and also indicates that the
‘‘permit fee’’ is $132.
According to ATA, ‘‘Pittsburgh
charges a flat fee for all permits under
subsection 105.6.21 of its [fire
prevention] code, including 105.6.21J.
Carriers file a single application, and, if
approved, must be ready to present
copies of the permit to enforcement
officials at their request.’’ In summary,
ATA contends that the City’s permit and
permit fee requirements are preempted
because:
has also applied for a determination
whether Federal hazardous material transportation
law preempts permit and inspection fee
requirements of New York City. See Docket No.
PHMSA–2014–0003 (PDA–37(R)).
2 See Section 801.02 of the Pittsburgh Fire
Prevention Code. ATA’s application does not
indicate that the City requires an inspection of
motor vehicles used to transport hazardous
materials, and Section 105.6.21J, as modified by the
City, provides that there is no inspection fee for
issuance of the permit.
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21841
II. Federal Preemption
Section 5125 of Title 49, United States
Code (U.S.C.), contains express
preemption provisions relevant to this
proceeding. Subsection (a) provides that
a requirement of a State, political
subdivision of a State, or Indian tribe is
preempted—unless the non-Federal
requirement is authorized by another
Federal law or DOT grants a waiver of
preemption under § 5125(e)—if:
(1) complying with a requirement of the
State, political subdivision, or tribe and a
requirement of this chapter, a regulation
prescribed under this chapter, or a hazardous
materials transportation security regulation
or directive issued by the Secretary of
Homeland Security is not possible; or
(2) the requirement of the State, political
subdivision, or tribe, as applied or enforced,
is an obstacle to accomplishing and carrying
out this chapter, a regulation prescribed
under this chapter, or a hazardous materials
transportation security regulation or directive
issued by the Secretary of Homeland
Security.3
Subsection (b)(1) of 49 U.S.C. 5125
provides that a non-Federal requirement
concerning any of the following subjects
is preempted—unless authorized by
another Federal law or DOT grants a
waiver of preemption—when the nonFederal requirement is not
‘‘substantively the same as’’ a provision
of Federal hazardous material
transportation law, a regulation
prescribed under that law, or a
hazardous materials security regulation
or directive issued by the Department of
Homeland Security:
(A) the designation, description, and
classification of hazardous material.
(B) the packing, repacking, handling,
labeling, marking, and placarding of
hazardous material.
(C) the preparation, execution, and use of
shipping documents related to hazardous
material and requirements related to the
number, contents, and placement of those
documents.
(D) the written notification, recording, and
reporting of the unintentional release in
transportation of hazardous material.
(E) the designing, manufacturing,
fabricating, inspecting, marking, maintaining,
reconditioning, repairing, or testing a
package, container, or packaging component
that is represented, marked, certified, or sold
3 These two paragraphs set forth the ‘‘dual
compliance’’ and ‘‘obstacle’’ criteria that are based
on U.S. Supreme Court decisions on preemption.
Hines v. Davidowitz, 312 U.S. 52 (1941); Florida
Lime & Avocado Growers, Inc. v. Paul, 373 U.S. 132
(1963); Ray v. Atlantic Richfield, Inc., 435 U.S. 151
(1978). PHMSA’s predecessor agency, the Research
and Special Programs Administration, applied these
criteria in issuing inconsistency rulings under the
original preemption provisions in Section 112(a) of
the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act
(HMTA), Public Law 93–633, 88 Stat. 2161 (Jan. 3,
1975).
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Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 74 / Thursday, April 17, 2014 / Notices
as qualified for use in transporting hazardous
material.4
In addition, 49 U.S.C. 5125(f)(1)
provides that a State, political
subdivision, or Indian tribe ‘‘may
impose a fee related to transporting
hazardous material only if the fee is fair
and used for a purpose related to
transporting hazardous material,
including enforcement and planning,
developing, and maintaining a
capability for emergency response.’’ 5
The preemption provisions in 49
U.S.C. 5125 reflect Congress’s longstanding view that a single body of
uniform Federal regulations promotes
safety (including security) in the
transportation of hazardous materials.
Some forty years ago, when considering
the HMTA, the Senate Commerce
Committee ‘‘endorse[d] the principle of
preemption in order to preclude a
multiplicity of State and local
regulations and the potential for varying
as well as conflicting regulations in the
area of hazardous materials
transportation.’’ S. Rep. No. 1102, 93rd
Cong. 2nd Sess. 37 (1974). A United
States Court of Appeals has found
uniformity was the ‘‘linchpin’’ in the
design of the Federal laws governing the
transportation of hazardous materials.
Colorado Pub. Util. Comm’n v. Harmon,
951 F.2d 1571, 1575 (10th Cir. 1991).
TKELLEY on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
III. Preemption Determinations
Under 49 U.S.C. 5125(d)(1), any
person (including a State, political
subdivision of a State, or Indian tribe)
directly affected by a requirement of a
State, political subdivision or tribe may
apply to the Secretary of Transportation
for a determination whether the
requirement is preempted. The
Secretary of Transportation has
delegated authority to PHMSA to make
determinations of preemption, except
for those concerning highway routing
(which have been delegated to the
Federal Motor Carrier Safety
Administration). 49 CFR 1.97(b).
Section 5125(d)(1) requires notice of
an application for a preemption
determination to be published in the
Federal Register. Following the receipt
and consideration of written comments,
PHMSA publishes its determination in
the Federal Register. See 49 CFR
107.209(c). A short period of time is
allowed for filing of petitions for
4 To be ‘‘substantively the same,’’ the non-Federal
requirement must conform ‘‘in every significant
respect to the Federal requirement. Editorial and
other similar de minimis changes are permitted.’’ 49
CFR 107.202(d).
5 See also 49 U.S.C. 5125(c) containing standards
which apply to preemption of non-Federal
requirements on highway routes over which
hazardous materials may or may not be transported.
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17:28 Apr 16, 2014
Jkt 232001
reconsideration. 49 CFR 107.211. A
petition for judicial review of a final
preemption determination must be filed
in the United States Court of Appeals
for the District of Columbia or in the
Court of Appeals for the United States
for the circuit in which the petitioner
resides or has its principal place of
business, within 60 days after the
determination becomes final. 49 U.S.C.
5127(a).
Preemption determinations do not
address issues of preemption arising
under the Commerce Clause, the Fifth
Amendment or other provisions of the
Constitution, or statutes other than the
Federal hazardous material
transportation law unless it is necessary
to do so in order to determine whether
a requirement is authorized by another
Federal law, or whether a fee is ‘‘fair’’
within the meaning of 49 U.S.C.
5125(f)(1). A State, local or Indian tribe
requirement is not authorized by
another Federal law merely because it is
not preempted by another Federal
statute. Colorado Pub. Util. Comm’n v.
Harmon, above, 951 F.2d at 1581 n.10.
In addition, PHMSA does not generally
consider issues regarding the proper
application or interpretation of a nonFederal regulation, but rather how such
requirements are actually ‘‘applied or
enforced.’’ Rather, ‘‘isolated instances of
improper enforcement (e.g.,
misinterpretation of regulations) do not
render such provisions inconsistent’’
with Federal hazardous material
transportation law, but are more
appropriately addressed in the
appropriate State or local forum. PD–
14(R), Houston, Texas, Fire Code
Requirements on the Storage,
Transportation, and Handling of
Hazardous Materials, 63 FR 67506,
67510 n.4 (Dec. 7, 1998), decision on
petition for reconsideration, 64 FR
33949 (June 24, 1999), quoting from IR–
31, Louisiana Statutes and Regulations
on Hazardous Materials Transportation,
55 FR 25572, 25584 (June 21, 1990),
appeal dismissed as moot, 57 FR 41165
(Sept. 9, 1992), and PD–4 (R), California
Requirements Applicable to Cargo
Tanks Transporting Flammable and
Combustible Liquids, 58 FR 48940
(Sept. 20, 1993), decision on petition for
reconsideration, 60 FR 8800 (Feb. 15,
1995).
In making preemption determinations
under 49 U.S.C. 5125(d), PHMSA is
guided by the principles and policies set
forth in Executive Order No. 13132,
entitled ‘‘Federalism’’ (64 FR 43255
(Aug. 10, 1999)), and the President’s
May 20, 2009 memorandum on
‘‘Preemption’’ (74 FR 24693 (May 22,
2009)). Section 4(a) of that Executive
Order authorizes preemption of State
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Sfmt 9990
laws only when a statute contains an
express preemption provision, there is
other clear evidence Congress intended
to preempt State law, or the exercise of
State authority directly conflicts with
the exercise of Federal authority. The
President’s May 20, 2009 memorandum
sets forth the policy ‘‘that preemption of
State law by executive departments and
agencies should be undertaken only
with full consideration of the legitimate
prerogatives of the States and with a
sufficient legal basis for preemption.’’
Section 5125 contains express
preemption provisions, which PHMSA
has implemented through its
regulations.
IV. Public Comments
All comments should be directed to
whether 49 U.S.C. 5125 preempts the
City’s requirements for a permit for
transporting hazardous materials by
motor vehicle and the fee for obtaining
the permit. Comments should
specifically address the preemption
criteria discussed in Part II above and
set forth in detail the manner in which
these requirements are applied and
enforced with respect to the
transportation of hazardous materials by
motor vehicle in, around, or through the
City, including:
• Any requirements or conditions for
issuance of a permit, other than
completion of the application form and
payment of the permit fee;
• the amount of time taken by the
City to issue a permit and the period for
which a permit is issued (e.g., one year,
indefinitely);
• whether there is any difference in
the amount of the fee based on the
number of shipments of hazardous
materials transported in, around, or
through the City; and
• for each of the past three calendar
(or fiscal) years, the total amount of
permit fees collected by the City and all
purposes for which these fees have been
used (including an identification of the
specific accounts into which the permit
fees were deposited).
Issued in Washington, DC, on April 11,
2014.
Vanessa L. Allen Sutherland,
Chief Counsel.
[FR Doc. 2014–08690 Filed 4–16–14; 8:45 am]
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 79, Number 74 (Thursday, April 17, 2014)]
[Notices]
[Pages 21840-21842]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2014-08690]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
[Docket No. PHMSA-2014-0002 (PDA-36(R)]
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Permit Requirements for Transportation
of Hazardous Material
AGENCY: Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA),
DOT.
ACTION: Public notice and invitation to comment.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: Interested parties are invited to comment on an application by
the American Trucking Associations, Inc. (ATA) for an administrative
determination whether Federal hazardous material transportation law
preempts requirements of the City of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania for a
permit to transport hazardous materials by motor vehicle and the fee to
obtain the permit.
DATES: Comments received on or before June 2, 2014 and rebuttal
comments received on or before July 16, 2014 will be considered before
an administrative determination is issued by PHMSA's Chief Counsel.
Rebuttal comments may discuss only those issues raised by comments
received during the initial comment period and may not discuss new
issues.
ADDRESSES: ATA's application and all comments received may be reviewed
in the Docket Operations Facility (M-30), U.S. Department of
Transportation, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New
Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590. The application and all
comments are available on the U.S. Government Regulations Web site:
https://www.regulations.gov.
Comments must refer to Docket No. PHMSA-2014-0002 and may be
submitted by any of the following methods:
Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the online instructions for submitting
comments.
Fax: 1-202-493-2251.
Mail: Docket Operations Facility (M-30), U.S. Department
of Transportation, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New
Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590.
Hand Delivery: Docket Operations Facility (M-30), U.S.
Department of Transportation, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140,
1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590, between 9:00 a.m. and
5:00 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
[[Page 21841]]
A copy of each comment must also be sent to (1) Boyd Stephenson,
Director, Hazardous Materials & Licensing Policy, American Trucking
Associations, 950 Glebe Road, Suite 210, Arlington, VA 22203; (2)
Darryl E. Jones, Fire Chief, Pittsburgh Bureau of Fire, Civic Building,
200 Ross Street, Fifth Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15219; and (3) Pittsburgh
City Solicitor, Law Department, 313 City-County Building, 414 Grant
Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15219. A certification that a copy has been sent
to these persons must also be included with the comment. (The following
format is suggested: ``I certify that copies of this comment have been
sent to the American Trucking Associations, the Pittsburgh Bureau of
Fire, and the Pittsburgh City Solicitor at the addresses specified in
the Federal Register.'')
Anyone is able to search the electronic form of all comments
received into any of our dockets by the name of the individual
submitting the comment (or signing a comment submitted on behalf of an
association, business, labor union, etc.). You may review DOT's
complete Privacy Act Statement in the Federal Register published on
April 11, 2000 (65 FR 19477-78), or you may visit https://www.regulations.gov.
A subject matter index of hazardous materials preemption cases,
including a listing of all inconsistency rulings (IRs) and preemption
determinations (PDs), is available through PHMSA's home page at https://phmsa.dot.gov. From the home page, click on ``Regulations,'' then on
``Preemption of State and Local Laws'' (in the ``Hazmat Safety''
column). A paper copy of the index will be provided at no cost upon
request to Mr. Hilder or Mr. Lopez, at the address and telephone number
set forth in FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT below.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Frazer C. Hilder or Vincent Lopez,
Office of Chief Counsel (PHC-10), Pipeline and Hazardous Materials
Safety Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, 1200 New
Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590; telephone No. 202-366-4400;
facsimile No. 202-366-7041.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Application for a Preemption Determination
ATA has applied to PHMSA for a determination whether Federal
hazardous material transportation law, 49 U.S.C. 5101 et seq., preempts
provisions in Chapter 801 of Title 8 of the Pittsburgh Code, Fire
Prevention, which, according to ATA, require a person ``desiring to
transport hazardous materials by motor vehicle in, around, or through
Pittsburgh [to] pay $132 dollars and fill out an application.'' \1\ In
Section 801.01 of the Fire Prevention Code, the City of Pittsburgh
(City) has adopted ``the International Fire Code/2003, listed in
Section 403.21 of Annex A, Title 34 Pennsylvania Labor and Industry
Part XIV Uniform Construction Code, except for such portions thereof as
are changed by Section 801.02 of this chapter.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ ATA has also applied for a determination whether Federal
hazardous material transportation law preempts permit and inspection
fee requirements of New York City. See Docket No. PHMSA-2014-0003
(PDA-37(R)).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Section 105.6.21 of the 2003 edition of the International Fire
Code, titled ``Hazardous Materials,'' provides that: ``An operational
permit is required to store, transport on site, dispense, use or handle
hazardous materials in excess of the amounts listed in Table
105.6.21.'' (Emphasis supplied.) This provision has been modified in
Section 801.02 of the City's Fire Prevention Code to list permit fees
(and whether an inspection fee applies) for numerous specified
materials and activities. Item No. 105.6.21J indicates that a permit is
required for ``Transportation of haz material'' and that the permit fee
is $132.\2\ The copy of the ``Application for Permit for Transportation
of Hazardous Materials'' form provided by ATA contains space for the
applicant to insert the ``amounts for each kind or category'' of
materials for ``keeping, storage, occupancy, use, sale, handling, or
manufacturing'' at the applicant's ``location'' and also indicates that
the ``permit fee'' is $132.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ See Section 801.02 of the Pittsburgh Fire Prevention Code.
ATA's application does not indicate that the City requires an
inspection of motor vehicles used to transport hazardous materials,
and Section 105.6.21J, as modified by the City, provides that there
is no inspection fee for issuance of the permit.
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According to ATA, ``Pittsburgh charges a flat fee for all permits
under subsection 105.6.21 of its [fire prevention] code, including
105.6.21J. Carriers file a single application, and, if approved, must
be ready to present copies of the permit to enforcement officials at
their request.'' In summary, ATA contends that the City's permit and
permit fee requirements are preempted because:
Only motor carriers are required to obtain Pittsburgh's permit,
which imposes an unfair burden on a single mode of transportation.
The permit requirements also present possible substantive
dissimilarity issues violating 49 CFR 107.201(d). Finally,
Pittsburgh cannot show that it is using funds generated from its
permit fees for hazardous materials enforcement and emergency
response training.
II. Federal Preemption
Section 5125 of Title 49, United States Code (U.S.C.), contains
express preemption provisions relevant to this proceeding. Subsection
(a) provides that a requirement of a State, political subdivision of a
State, or Indian tribe is preempted--unless the non-Federal requirement
is authorized by another Federal law or DOT grants a waiver of
preemption under Sec. 5125(e)--if:
(1) complying with a requirement of the State, political
subdivision, or tribe and a requirement of this chapter, a
regulation prescribed under this chapter, or a hazardous materials
transportation security regulation or directive issued by the
Secretary of Homeland Security is not possible; or
(2) the requirement of the State, political subdivision, or
tribe, as applied or enforced, is an obstacle to accomplishing and
carrying out this chapter, a regulation prescribed under this
chapter, or a hazardous materials transportation security regulation
or directive issued by the Secretary of Homeland Security.\3\
\3\ These two paragraphs set forth the ``dual compliance'' and
``obstacle'' criteria that are based on U.S. Supreme Court decisions
on preemption. Hines v. Davidowitz, 312 U.S. 52 (1941); Florida Lime
& Avocado Growers, Inc. v. Paul, 373 U.S. 132 (1963); Ray v.
Atlantic Richfield, Inc., 435 U.S. 151 (1978). PHMSA's predecessor
agency, the Research and Special Programs Administration, applied
these criteria in issuing inconsistency rulings under the original
preemption provisions in Section 112(a) of the Hazardous Materials
Transportation Act (HMTA), Public Law 93-633, 88 Stat. 2161 (Jan. 3,
1975).
Subsection (b)(1) of 49 U.S.C. 5125 provides that a non-Federal
requirement concerning any of the following subjects is preempted--
unless authorized by another Federal law or DOT grants a waiver of
preemption--when the non-Federal requirement is not ``substantively the
same as'' a provision of Federal hazardous material transportation law,
a regulation prescribed under that law, or a hazardous materials
security regulation or directive issued by the Department of Homeland
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Security:
(A) the designation, description, and classification of
hazardous material.
(B) the packing, repacking, handling, labeling, marking, and
placarding of hazardous material.
(C) the preparation, execution, and use of shipping documents
related to hazardous material and requirements related to the
number, contents, and placement of those documents.
(D) the written notification, recording, and reporting of the
unintentional release in transportation of hazardous material.
(E) the designing, manufacturing, fabricating, inspecting,
marking, maintaining, reconditioning, repairing, or testing a
package, container, or packaging component that is represented,
marked, certified, or sold
[[Page 21842]]
as qualified for use in transporting hazardous material.\4\
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\4\ To be ``substantively the same,'' the non-Federal
requirement must conform ``in every significant respect to the
Federal requirement. Editorial and other similar de minimis changes
are permitted.'' 49 CFR 107.202(d).
In addition, 49 U.S.C. 5125(f)(1) provides that a State, political
subdivision, or Indian tribe ``may impose a fee related to transporting
hazardous material only if the fee is fair and used for a purpose
related to transporting hazardous material, including enforcement and
planning, developing, and maintaining a capability for emergency
response.'' \5\
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\5\ See also 49 U.S.C. 5125(c) containing standards which apply
to preemption of non-Federal requirements on highway routes over
which hazardous materials may or may not be transported.
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The preemption provisions in 49 U.S.C. 5125 reflect Congress's
long-standing view that a single body of uniform Federal regulations
promotes safety (including security) in the transportation of hazardous
materials. Some forty years ago, when considering the HMTA, the Senate
Commerce Committee ``endorse[d] the principle of preemption in order to
preclude a multiplicity of State and local regulations and the
potential for varying as well as conflicting regulations in the area of
hazardous materials transportation.'' S. Rep. No. 1102, 93rd Cong. 2nd
Sess. 37 (1974). A United States Court of Appeals has found uniformity
was the ``linchpin'' in the design of the Federal laws governing the
transportation of hazardous materials. Colorado Pub. Util. Comm'n v.
Harmon, 951 F.2d 1571, 1575 (10th Cir. 1991).
III. Preemption Determinations
Under 49 U.S.C. 5125(d)(1), any person (including a State,
political subdivision of a State, or Indian tribe) directly affected by
a requirement of a State, political subdivision or tribe may apply to
the Secretary of Transportation for a determination whether the
requirement is preempted. The Secretary of Transportation has delegated
authority to PHMSA to make determinations of preemption, except for
those concerning highway routing (which have been delegated to the
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration). 49 CFR 1.97(b).
Section 5125(d)(1) requires notice of an application for a
preemption determination to be published in the Federal Register.
Following the receipt and consideration of written comments, PHMSA
publishes its determination in the Federal Register. See 49 CFR
107.209(c). A short period of time is allowed for filing of petitions
for reconsideration. 49 CFR 107.211. A petition for judicial review of
a final preemption determination must be filed in the United States
Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia or in the Court of
Appeals for the United States for the circuit in which the petitioner
resides or has its principal place of business, within 60 days after
the determination becomes final. 49 U.S.C. 5127(a).
Preemption determinations do not address issues of preemption
arising under the Commerce Clause, the Fifth Amendment or other
provisions of the Constitution, or statutes other than the Federal
hazardous material transportation law unless it is necessary to do so
in order to determine whether a requirement is authorized by another
Federal law, or whether a fee is ``fair'' within the meaning of 49
U.S.C. 5125(f)(1). A State, local or Indian tribe requirement is not
authorized by another Federal law merely because it is not preempted by
another Federal statute. Colorado Pub. Util. Comm'n v. Harmon, above,
951 F.2d at 1581 n.10. In addition, PHMSA does not generally consider
issues regarding the proper application or interpretation of a non-
Federal regulation, but rather how such requirements are actually
``applied or enforced.'' Rather, ``isolated instances of improper
enforcement (e.g., misinterpretation of regulations) do not render such
provisions inconsistent'' with Federal hazardous material
transportation law, but are more appropriately addressed in the
appropriate State or local forum. PD-14(R), Houston, Texas, Fire Code
Requirements on the Storage, Transportation, and Handling of Hazardous
Materials, 63 FR 67506, 67510 n.4 (Dec. 7, 1998), decision on petition
for reconsideration, 64 FR 33949 (June 24, 1999), quoting from IR-31,
Louisiana Statutes and Regulations on Hazardous Materials
Transportation, 55 FR 25572, 25584 (June 21, 1990), appeal dismissed as
moot, 57 FR 41165 (Sept. 9, 1992), and PD-4 (R), California
Requirements Applicable to Cargo Tanks Transporting Flammable and
Combustible Liquids, 58 FR 48940 (Sept. 20, 1993), decision on petition
for reconsideration, 60 FR 8800 (Feb. 15, 1995).
In making preemption determinations under 49 U.S.C. 5125(d), PHMSA
is guided by the principles and policies set forth in Executive Order
No. 13132, entitled ``Federalism'' (64 FR 43255 (Aug. 10, 1999)), and
the President's May 20, 2009 memorandum on ``Preemption'' (74 FR 24693
(May 22, 2009)). Section 4(a) of that Executive Order authorizes
preemption of State laws only when a statute contains an express
preemption provision, there is other clear evidence Congress intended
to preempt State law, or the exercise of State authority directly
conflicts with the exercise of Federal authority. The President's May
20, 2009 memorandum sets forth the policy ``that preemption of State
law by executive departments and agencies should be undertaken only
with full consideration of the legitimate prerogatives of the States
and with a sufficient legal basis for preemption.'' Section 5125
contains express preemption provisions, which PHMSA has implemented
through its regulations.
IV. Public Comments
All comments should be directed to whether 49 U.S.C. 5125 preempts
the City's requirements for a permit for transporting hazardous
materials by motor vehicle and the fee for obtaining the permit.
Comments should specifically address the preemption criteria discussed
in Part II above and set forth in detail the manner in which these
requirements are applied and enforced with respect to the
transportation of hazardous materials by motor vehicle in, around, or
through the City, including:
Any requirements or conditions for issuance of a permit,
other than completion of the application form and payment of the permit
fee;
the amount of time taken by the City to issue a permit and
the period for which a permit is issued (e.g., one year, indefinitely);
whether there is any difference in the amount of the fee
based on the number of shipments of hazardous materials transported in,
around, or through the City; and
for each of the past three calendar (or fiscal) years, the
total amount of permit fees collected by the City and all purposes for
which these fees have been used (including an identification of the
specific accounts into which the permit fees were deposited).
Issued in Washington, DC, on April 11, 2014.
Vanessa L. Allen Sutherland,
Chief Counsel.
[FR Doc. 2014-08690 Filed 4-16-14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-60-P