Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; South Dakota; Prevention of Significant Deterioration; Greenhouse Gas Tailoring Rule Revisions, 8130-8133 [2014-02931]

Download as PDF 8130 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 28 / Tuesday, February 11, 2014 / Proposed Rules the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII, Aviation Programs, describes in more detail the scope of the agency’s authority. This rulemaking is promulgated under the authority described in Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart I, Section 40103. Under that section, the FAA is charged with prescribing regulations to assign the use of the airspace necessary to ensure the safety of aircraft and the efficient use of airspace. This proposed regulation is within the scope of that authority as it would modify controlled airspace at Roberts Field, Redmond, OR. This proposal will be subject to an environmental analysis in accordance with FAA Order 1050.1E, ‘‘Environmental Impacts: Policies and Procedures’’ prior to any FAA final regulatory action. List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 71 Airspace, Incorporation by reference, Navigation (air). The Proposed Amendment ANM OR E4 Redmond, OR [Modified] Redmond, Roberts Field, OR (Lat. 44°15′14″ N., long. 121°09′00″ W.) That airspace extending upward from the surface within 1 mile each side of the 122° bearing of Roberts Field extending from the 5.1 mile radius to 3.5 miles southeast of the airport. The effective date and time will thereafter be continuously published in the Airport/Facility Directory. Paragraph 6005 Class E airspace areas extending upward from 700 feet or more above the surface of the earth * * * * * ANM OR E5 Redmond, OR [Modified] Redmond, Roberts Field, OR (Lat. 44°15′14″ N., long. 121°09′00″ W.) That airspace extending upward from 700 feet above the surface within a 7.6 mile radius of Roberts Field, and within 3 miles either side of the 87° degree bearing of Roberts field extending from the 7.6 mile radius to 11.5 miles northeast of the airport, and within 3.5 miles either side of the 122° bearing of the airport extending from the 7.6 mile radius to 15 miles southeast of the airport. Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me, the Federal Aviation Administration proposes to amend 14 CFR part 71 as follows: Issued in Seattle, Washington, on February 3, 2014. Clark Desing, Manager, Operations Support Group, Western Service Center. PART 71—DESIGNATION OF CLASS A, B, C, D AND E AIRSPACE AREAS; AIR TRAFFIC SERVICE ROUTES; AND REPORTING POINTS [FR Doc. 2014–02852 Filed 2–10–14; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4910–13–P 1. The authority citation for 14 CFR part 71 continues to read as follows: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40103, 40113, 40120; E.O. 10854, 24 FR 9565, 3 CFR, 1959– 1963 Comp., p. 389. 40 CFR Part 52 ■ § 71.1 [Amended] 2. The incorporation by reference in 14 CFR 71.1 of the Federal Aviation Administration Order 7400.9X, Airspace Designations and Reporting Points, dated August 7, 2013, and effective September 15, 2013 is amended as follows: ■ Paragraph 6002 Class E airspace Designated as Surface Areas ehiers on DSK2VPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS-1 * * * * ANM OR E2 Redmond, OR [Modified] Redmond, Roberts Field, OR (Lat. 44°15′14″ N., long. 121°09′00″ W.) That airspace within a 5.1 mile radius of Roberts Field. This Class E airspace is effective during the specific dates and times established in advance by a Notice to Airmen. The effective date and time will thereafter be continuously published in the Airport/Facility Directory. * * * VerDate Mar<15>2010 * * 14:38 Feb 10, 2014 Jkt 232001 Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; South Dakota; Prevention of Significant Deterioration; Greenhouse Gas Tailoring Rule Revisions Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Proposed rule. AGENCY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to partially approve and partially disapprove revisions to the South Dakota State Implementation Plan (SIP) submitted by the South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) to EPA on June 20, 2011. The proposed SIP revisions address the permitting of sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Specifically, we propose to approve revisions to the State’s Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) program to incorporate the provisions of the federal PSD and Title V Greenhouse Gas Tailoring Rule SUMMARY: * Paragraph 6004 Class E Airspace Areas Designated as an Extension to a Class D or Class E Surface Area [EPA–R08–OAR–2014–0049; FRL–9906–42– Region–8] PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 (Tailoring Rule). The proposed SIP revisions incorporate by reference the federal Tailoring Rule’s emission thresholds for determining which new stationary sources and modifications to existing stationary sources become subject to South Dakota’s PSD permitting requirements for their GHG emissions. EPA is proposing to disapprove a related provision that would rescind the State’s Tailoring Rule revision in certain circumstances. EPA will take separate action on an amendment to the chapter Construction Permits for New Sources or Modifications in the June 20, 2011 submittal, regarding permits for minor sources. EPA is proposing this action under section 110 and part C of the Clean Air Act (the Act or CAA). DATES: Comments must be received on or before March 13, 2014. ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA–R08– OAR–2014–0049, by one of the following methods: • Federal Rulemaking Portal: https:// www.regulations.gov. Follow the online instructions for submitting comments. • Email: ostendorf.jody@epa.gov. • Fax: (303) 312–6064 (please alert the individual listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT if you are faxing comments). • Mail: Carl Daly, Director, Air Program, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 8, Mailcode 8P– AR, 1595 Wynkoop St., Denver, Colorado 80202–1129. • Hand Delivery: Carl Daly, Director, Air Program, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 8, Mailcode 8P– AR, 1595 Wynkoop St., Denver, Colorado 80202–1129. Such deliveries are only accepted Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., excluding Federal holidays. Special arrangements should be made for deliveries of boxed information. Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA–R08–OAR–2014– 0049. EPA’s policy is that all comments received will be included in the public docket without change and may be made available online at https:// www.regulations.gov, including any personal information provided, unless the comment includes information claimed to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information the disclosure of which is restricted by statute. Do not submit information through https://www.regulations.gov or email, if you believe that it is CBI or otherwise protected from disclosure. The https://www.regulations.gov Web site is an ‘‘anonymous access’’ system, which means that EPA will not know E:\FR\FM\11FEP1.SGM 11FEP1 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 28 / Tuesday, February 11, 2014 / Proposed Rules your identity or contact information unless you provide it in the body of your comment. If you send an email comment directly to EPA without going through https://www.regulations.gov, your email address will be automatically captured and included as part of the comment that is placed in the public docket and made available on the Internet. If you submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends that you include your name and other contact information in the body of your comment along with any disk or CD– ROM submitted. If EPA cannot read your comment due to technical difficulties and cannot contact you for clarification, EPA may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic files should avoid the use of special characters and any form of encryption and should be free of any defects or viruses. For additional information about EPA’s public docket, visit the EPA Docket Center homepage at https:// www.epa.gov/epahome/dockets.htm. Docket: All documents in the docket are listed in the www.regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some information is not publicly available, e.g., CBI or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, will be publicly available only in hard copy. Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically in www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the Air Program, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 8, 1595 Wynkoop St., Denver, Colorado 80202–1129. EPA requests that if at all possible, you contact the individual listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section to view the hard copy of the docket. You may view the hard copy of the docket Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m., excluding Federal holidays. Jody Ostendorf, Air Program, Mailcode 8P– AR, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 8, 1595 Wynkoop St., Denver, Colorado 80202–1129, (303) 312–7814, ostendorf.jody@epa.gov. ehiers on DSK2VPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS-1 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document whenever ‘‘we,’’ ‘‘us,’’ or ‘‘our’’ is used, we mean EPA. Information is organized as follows: Table of Contents I. Background for Our Proposed Action II. History of EPA’s GHG-Related Actions III. EPA’s Analysis of the State’s Submittal IV. Proposed Action V. Statutory and Executive Orders Review VerDate Mar<15>2010 14:38 Feb 10, 2014 Jkt 232001 I. Background for Our Proposed Action CAA section 110(a)(2)(C) requires states to develop and submit to EPA for approval into the state SIP preconstruction review and permitting programs applicable to certain new and modified stationary sources of air pollutants. There are three separate new source review (NSR) programs: PSD, Nonattainment New Source Review (NNSR), and Minor NSR. The PSD program is established in part C of title I of the CAA and applies in areas that meet the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)—‘‘attainment areas’’—as well as areas where there is insufficient information to determine if the area meets the NAAQS— ‘‘unclassifiable areas.’’ The NNSR program is established in part D of title I of the CAA and applies in areas that are not in attainment of the NAAQS— ‘‘nonattainment areas.’’ The Minor NSR program (1) addresses construction or modification activities that do not emit, or have the potential to emit, beyond certain major source thresholds and thus do not qualify as ‘‘major,’’ and (2) applies regardless of the designation of the area in which a source is located. EPA regulations governing the criteria that states must satisfy for EPA approval of the NSR programs as part of the SIP are contained in 40 CFR sections 51.160–51.166. On June 20, 2011, South Dakota submitted revisions for approval by EPA into the South Dakota SIP, including some regulations specific to the South Dakota PSD permitting program. The submittal proposes to revise the PSD major source definition so that it applies to any air pollutant ‘‘subject to regulation as required by EPA’’ (Section 74:36:01:08(2)). The submittal also proposes to add the six GHGs designated by EPA as regulated air pollutants to the definition of regulated air pollutant (Section 74:36:01:15(6)). These definitions may also be applied to permitting synthetic minor GHG sources, therefore, we are proposing to approve both of those changes in South Dakota’s air program Definitions. Outside of the PSD program, the SIP submittal proposes in Section 74:36:01:01, Definitions, to add ‘‘(73) ‘‘Subject to regulation’’ as defined in 40 CFR Section 70.2 (July 1, 2009), as revised in publication 75 FR 31607 (June 3, 2010), in accordance with EPA requirements.’’ We are not taking action on that part of the submittal because it applies to the title V operating permit program which is not part of the SIP. The State generally implements the PSD program by incorporating by reference (with certain modifications) PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 8131 the federal PSD program in 40 CFR 52.21. (See Chapter 74:36:09:02, Prevention of Significant Deterioration). The submittal revises the State’s PSD program by incorporating by reference revisions to 40 CFR 52.21 promulgated by EPA in the ‘‘Prevention of Significant Deterioration and Title V Greenhouse Gas Tailoring Rule,’’ 75 FR 31514 (June 3, 2010). Specifically, the revision cites the regulatory changes on pages 31606 and 31607 in the Tailoring Rule, which contain (among other things) the revisions to 40 CFR 52.21 promulgated in the Tailoring Rule. We propose to approve that revision. The PSD section of the State rule includes a rescission clause that states, ‘‘If EPA stays or withdraws the regulation of greenhouse gases as identified in publication 75 FR 31606 and 31607 (June 3, 2010), or a court issues an order vacating or otherwise invalidating EPA’s regulation of greenhouse gases for any reason, the regulation of greenhouse gases by Article 74:36 are void as of the date of such administrative or judicial action and shall have no further force and effect.’’ (Section 74:36:09:02(8)). As explained below, EPA proposes to disapprove this language as inconsistent with the CAA. These proposed revisions 1) establish that GHG is a regulated pollutant under South Dakota’s PSD program, and 2) establish emission thresholds for determining which new stationary sources and modification projects become subject to South Dakota’s PSD permitting requirements for their GHG emissions consistent with the Tailoring Rule. Today’s proposed action presents our rationale for approving these regulations as meeting the minimum federal requirements for the adoption and implementation of PSD SIP permitting programs, and for disapproving the submitted rescission clause language. II. History of EPA’s GHG-Related Actions This section briefly summarizes EPA’s recent GHG-related actions that provide the background for this action. Please see the preambles for the identified GHG-related rulemakings for more information. Beginning in 2010, EPA undertook a series of actions pertaining to the regulation of GHGs that established the overall framework for today’s proposed action on the South Dakota SIP. These actions include, as they are commonly called, the ‘‘Endangerment Finding’’ and ‘‘Cause or Contribute Finding,’’ which EPA issued in a single final E:\FR\FM\11FEP1.SGM 11FEP1 8132 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 28 / Tuesday, February 11, 2014 / Proposed Rules action,1 the ‘‘Johnson Memo Reconsideration,’’ 2 the ‘‘Light-Duty Vehicle Rule,’’ 3 and the ‘‘Tailoring Rule.’’ 4 Taken together and in conjunction with the CAA, these actions established regulatory requirements for GHGs emitted from new motor vehicles and new motor vehicle engines; determined that such regulations, when they took effect on January 2, 2011, subjected GHGs emitted from stationary sources to PSD requirements; and limited the applicability of PSD requirements to GHG sources on a phased-in basis. EPA took this last action in the Tailoring Rule, which, more specifically, established appropriate GHG emission thresholds for determining the applicability of PSD requirements to GHG-emitting sources. At the same time, EPA recognized that many states had approved SIP PSD programs that do apply PSD to GHGs, but that do so for sources that emit as little as 100 or 250 tons per year (tpy) of GHG, and that do not limit PSD applicability to GHGs to the higher thresholds in the Tailoring Rule. Therefore, EPA issued the GHG PSD SIP Narrowing Rule,5 under which, EPA converted its previous full approval of the affected SIPs, including South Dakota’s, to a partial approval and partial disapproval, to the extent those SIPs covered GHG-emitting sources below the Tailoring Rule thresholds. EPA based its action primarily on the ‘‘error correction’’ provisions of CAA section 110(k)(6). Many of those states have since submitted SIP revisions that have established the Tailoring Rule thresholds, and EPA has approved those SIP revisions and rescinded the partial disapprovals. ehiers on DSK2VPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS-1 III. EPA’s Analysis of the State’s Submittal South Dakota is currently a SIPapproved state for the PSD program, and has incorporated EPA’s 2002 NSR reform revisions for PSD into its SIP. The June 20, 2011 revisions to South Dakota’s SIP will make the approved 1 ‘‘Endangerment and Cause or Contribute Findings for Greenhouse Gases Under Section 202(a) of the Clean Air Act.’’ 74 FR 66496 (December 15, 2009). 2 ‘‘Interpretation of Regulations that Determine Pollutants Covered by Clean Air Act Permitting Programs.’’ 75 FR 17004 (April 2, 2010). 3 ‘‘Light-Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards; Final Rule.’’ 75 FR 25324 (May 7, 2010). 4 ‘‘Prevention of Significant Deterioration and Title V Greenhouse Gas Tailoring Rule; Final Rule.’’ 75 FR 31514 (June 3, 2010). 5 ‘‘Limitation of Approval of Prevention of Significant Deterioration Provisions Concerning Greenhouse Gas Emitting Sources in State Implementation Plans,’’ 75 FR 82536 (December 30, 2010). VerDate Mar<15>2010 14:38 Feb 10, 2014 Jkt 232001 PSD program rules consistent with the GHG PSD SIP Narrowing Rule. As described above, in the Narrowing Rule EPA withdrew its previous approval of the South Dakota PSD program to the extent that it applied to permitting of new or modified major sources below the thresholds set out in the Tailoring Rule. By approving the changes in the June 20, 2011 submittal, the approved PSD program rules will explicitly conform with the SIP as approved under the Narrowing Rule. Specifically, the June 20, 2011 revisions establish thresholds consistent with the Tailoring Rule and Narrowing Rule for determining which stationary sources and modification projects become subject to permitting requirements for GHG emissions under South Dakota’s NSR PSD program. South Dakota has adopted and submitted regulations that adopt the federal requirements for the permitting of GHG-emitting sources subject to PSD. The proposed revisions incorporate the Tailoring Rule into South Dakota’s PSD Permitting Program, and support synthetic minor permitting at stationary sources seeking federally enforceable limits to avoid major source or major stationary source applicability thresholds specific to GHG. The changes revise the definitions of major source and regulated air pollutant, and make the Tailoring Rule effective January 2, 2011. The submittal makes no other changes to the State’s approved PSD program. We propose to conclude that the revisions are consistent with the requirements of 40 CFR 51.166, in particular, requirements set out in EPA’s final GHG Tailoring Rule, and that the revisions should be approved into South Dakota’s SIP. However, EPA proposes to disapprove the portion of the revision that adds a rescission clause to the SIP. In assessing the approvability of this clause, EPA considered two key factors: (1) Whether the public will be given reasonable notice of any change to the SIP that occurs as a result of the automatic rescission clause, and (2) whether any future change to the SIP that occurs as a result of the automatic rescission clause would be consistent with EPA’s interpretation of the effect of the triggering EPA or federal court action (e.g., the extent of an administrative or judicial stay). These criteria are derived from the SIP revision procedures set forth in the CAA and federal regulations. EPA’s consideration of whether any SIP change resulting from the proposed automatic rescission clause would be consistent with EPA’s interpretation of the effect of the triggering action on PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 federal regulations is based on 40 CFR 51.105. Under 40 CFR 51.105, ‘‘[r]evisions of a plan, or any portion thereof, will not be considered part of an applicable plan until such revisions have been approved by the Administrator in accordance with this part.’’ See 40 CFR 51.105. However, the South Dakota rescission clause takes effect immediately upon certain judicial actions without any EPA intervention. The effect of this is that EPA is not given the opportunity to determine the effect and extent of the judicial action; instead, the SIP is modified without EPA’s approval. This violates 40 CFR 51.105. The provision is also insufficient with regard to providing adequate notice to the public. While the State followed applicable notice-and-comment procedures prior to adopting the automatic rescission clause, the public would not receive adequate notice of the modification of the SIP after a triggering judicial action. Without intervening notice by EPA to the public of the effect and extent of the judicial action, its effect and extent (and indeed whether the judicial action triggered the provision at all) would be unclear to the public. IV. Proposed Action EPA proposes to approve in part, and disapprove in part, the June 20, 2011 submittal that addresses the permitting of sources of greenhouse gases for incorporation into the South Dakota SIP. Specifically, EPA proposes to approve revisions to Chapter 74:36:09 that incorporates the Tailoring Rule into the State’s definitions and requirements for PSD. EPA is proposing to disapprove the provision that would rescind the State’s Tailoring Rule revision in certain circumstances. EPA will take separate action on an amendment in the June 20, 2011 submittal to Chapter 74:36:20, Construction Permits for New Sources or Modifications, regarding permits for minor sources. EPA proposes to approve changes to Definitions, Section 74:36:01:08(2), which revises the major source definition so that it applies to any air pollutant ‘‘subject to regulation as required by EPA,’’ and Section 74:36:01:15(6), which adds the six GHGs designated by EPA as regulated air pollutants to the definition of regulated air pollutant. EPA is not taking action on the addition of ‘‘(73) ‘‘Subject to regulation’’ as defined in 40 CFR Section 70.2 (July 1, 2009), as revised in publication 75 FR 31607 (June 3, 2010), in accordance with EPA requirements,’’ because it applies to the title V E:\FR\FM\11FEP1.SGM 11FEP1 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 28 / Tuesday, February 11, 2014 / Proposed Rules ehiers on DSK2VPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS-1 permitting program which is not part of the SIP. V. Statutory and Executive Orders Review Under the Clean Air Act, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP submission that complies with the provisions of the Act and applicable federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions, EPA’s role is to approve state choices, provided that they meet the criteria of the Clean Air Act. Accordingly, this proposed action merely approves state law that meets federal requirements and disapproves state law that does not meet federal requirements; when finalized, this action would not impose additional requirements beyond those imposed by state law. For that reason, this action: • Is not a ‘‘significant regulatory action’’ subject to review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993); • does not impose an information collection burden under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.); • is certified as not having a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.); • does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4); • does not have Federalism implications as specified in Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999); • is not an economically significant regulatory action based on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997); • is not a significant regulatory action subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001); • is not subject to requirements of Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent with the Clean Air Act; and • does not provide EPA with the discretionary authority to address, as appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental effects, using practicable and legally permissible methods, under Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994). In addition, this rule does not have tribal implications as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, VerDate Mar<15>2010 14:38 Feb 10, 2014 Jkt 232001 2000), because the SIP is not approved to apply in Indian country located in the state, and EPA notes that it will not impose substantial direct costs on tribal governments or preempt tribal law. List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52 Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Carbon monoxide, Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Lead, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Particulate matter, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Sulfur oxides, and Volatile organic compounds. Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq. Dated: January 29, 2014. Shaun L. McGrath, Regional Administrator, Region 8. [FR Doc. 2014–02931 Filed 2–10–14; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6560–50–P ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 40 CFR Parts 52 and 81 [EPA–R02–OAR–2013–0592; FRL–9906–06– Region 2] Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; New York State; Redesignation of Areas for 1997 Annual and 2006 24-Hour Fine Particulate Matter and Approval of the Associated Maintenance Plan Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Proposed rule. AGENCY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to approve a redesignation request and State Implementation Plan (SIP) revision submitted by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC). NYSDEC is requesting that EPA redesignate ten counties in the New York State portion of the New York-N.New Jersey-Long Island, NY–NJ–CT nonattainment area from nonattainment to attainment for the 1997 annual and the 2006 24-hour Fine Particle (PM2.5) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Included with its redesignation request, New York submitted a State Implementation Plan (SIP) revision containing a maintenance plan that provides for continued compliance of the 1997 annual and 2006 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS. The maintenance plan includes the 2007 attainment year emissions inventory that EPA is proposing to approve in this rulemaking in accordance with the requirements of the Clean Air Act (CAA). EPA had SUMMARY: PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 8133 previously determined that the New York portion of the New York-N.New Jersey-Long Island, NY–NJ–CT nonattainment area has attained the 1997 annual and 2006 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS. Additionally, EPA is proposing to approve the 2009, 2017, and 2025 motor vehicle emissions budgets for PM2.5 and Nitrogen Oxides (NOX). DATES: Comments must be received on or before March 13, 2014. ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID Number EPA– R02–OAR–2013–0592 by one of the following methods: 1. www.regulations.gov: Follow the on-line instructions for submitting comments. 2. Email: Ruvo.Richard@epa.gov 3. Fax: 212–637–3901 4. Mail: Richard Ruvo, Chief, Air Programs Branch, Environmental Protection Agency, Region 2 Office, 290 Broadway, 25th Floor, New York, New York 10007–1866. 5. Hand Delivery or Courier: Deliver your comments to: Richard Ruvo, Chief, Air Programs Branch, Environmental Protection Agency, Region 2 Office, 290 Broadway, 25th Floor, New York, New York 10007–1866. Such deliveries are only accepted during the Regional Office’s normal hours of operation. The Regional Office’s official business hours is Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., excluding Federal holidays. Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA–R02–OAR–2013– 0592. EPA’s policy is that all comments received will be included in the public docket without change and may be made available online at www.regulations.gov, including any personal information provided, unless the comment includes information claimed to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Do not submit through www.regulations.gov, or email, information that you consider to be CBI or otherwise protected. The www.regulations.gov Web site is an ‘‘anonymous access’’ system, which means EPA will not know your identity or contact information unless you provide it in the body of your comment. If you send an email comment directly to EPA without going through www.regulations.gov, your email address will be automatically captured and included as part of the comment that is placed in the public docket and made available on the Internet. If you submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends that you include your name and other contact information in the body of your comment and with any E:\FR\FM\11FEP1.SGM 11FEP1

Agencies

[Federal Register Volume 79, Number 28 (Tuesday, February 11, 2014)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 8130-8133]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2014-02931]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 52

[EPA-R08-OAR-2014-0049; FRL-9906-42-Region-8]


Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; 
South Dakota; Prevention of Significant Deterioration; Greenhouse Gas 
Tailoring Rule Revisions

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to 
partially approve and partially disapprove revisions to the South 
Dakota State Implementation Plan (SIP) submitted by the South Dakota 
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) to EPA on June 
20, 2011. The proposed SIP revisions address the permitting of sources 
of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Specifically, we propose to approve 
revisions to the State's Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) 
program to incorporate the provisions of the federal PSD and Title V 
Greenhouse Gas Tailoring Rule (Tailoring Rule). The proposed SIP 
revisions incorporate by reference the federal Tailoring Rule's 
emission thresholds for determining which new stationary sources and 
modifications to existing stationary sources become subject to South 
Dakota's PSD permitting requirements for their GHG emissions. EPA is 
proposing to disapprove a related provision that would rescind the 
State's Tailoring Rule revision in certain circumstances. EPA will take 
separate action on an amendment to the chapter Construction Permits for 
New Sources or Modifications in the June 20, 2011 submittal, regarding 
permits for minor sources. EPA is proposing this action under section 
110 and part C of the Clean Air Act (the Act or CAA).

DATES: Comments must be received on or before March 13, 2014.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R08-
OAR-2014-0049, by one of the following methods:
     Federal Rulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov. 
Follow the online instructions for submitting comments.
     Email: ostendorf.jody@epa.gov.
     Fax: (303) 312-6064 (please alert the individual listed in 
the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT if you are faxing comments).
     Mail: Carl Daly, Director, Air Program, Environmental 
Protection Agency (EPA), Region 8, Mailcode 8P-AR, 1595 Wynkoop St., 
Denver, Colorado 80202-1129.
     Hand Delivery: Carl Daly, Director, Air Program, 
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 8, Mailcode 8P-AR, 1595 
Wynkoop St., Denver, Colorado 80202-1129. Such deliveries are only 
accepted Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., excluding 
Federal holidays. Special arrangements should be made for deliveries of 
boxed information.
    Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA-R08-OAR-
2014-0049. EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included 
in the public docket without change and may be made available online at 
https://www.regulations.gov, including any personal information 
provided, unless the comment includes information claimed to be 
Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information the 
disclosure of which is restricted by statute. Do not submit information 
through https://www.regulations.gov or email, if you believe that it is 
CBI or otherwise protected from disclosure. The https://www.regulations.gov Web site is an ``anonymous access'' system, which 
means that EPA will not know

[[Page 8131]]

your identity or contact information unless you provide it in the body 
of your comment. If you send an email comment directly to EPA without 
going through https://www.regulations.gov, your email address will be 
automatically captured and included as part of the comment that is 
placed in the public docket and made available on the Internet. If you 
submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends that you include your name 
and other contact information in the body of your comment along with 
any disk or CD-ROM submitted. If EPA cannot read your comment due to 
technical difficulties and cannot contact you for clarification, EPA 
may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic files should avoid 
the use of special characters and any form of encryption and should be 
free of any defects or viruses. For additional information about EPA's 
public docket, visit the EPA Docket Center homepage at https://www.epa.gov/epahome/dockets.htm.
    Docket: All documents in the docket are listed in the 
www.regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some 
information is not publicly available, e.g., CBI or other information 
whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such 
as copyrighted material, will be publicly available only in hard copy. 
Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically 
in www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the Air Program, 
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 8, 1595 Wynkoop St., 
Denver, Colorado 80202-1129. EPA requests that if at all possible, you 
contact the individual listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT 
section to view the hard copy of the docket. You may view the hard copy 
of the docket Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m., excluding 
Federal holidays.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jody Ostendorf, Air Program, Mailcode 
8P-AR, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 8, 1595 Wynkoop 
St., Denver, Colorado 80202-1129, (303) 312-7814, 
ostendorf.jody@epa.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document whenever ``we,'' 
``us,'' or ``our'' is used, we mean EPA. Information is organized as 
follows:

Table of Contents

I. Background for Our Proposed Action
II. History of EPA's GHG-Related Actions
III. EPA's Analysis of the State's Submittal
IV. Proposed Action
V. Statutory and Executive Orders Review

I. Background for Our Proposed Action

    CAA section 110(a)(2)(C) requires states to develop and submit to 
EPA for approval into the state SIP preconstruction review and 
permitting programs applicable to certain new and modified stationary 
sources of air pollutants. There are three separate new source review 
(NSR) programs: PSD, Nonattainment New Source Review (NNSR), and Minor 
NSR. The PSD program is established in part C of title I of the CAA and 
applies in areas that meet the National Ambient Air Quality Standards 
(NAAQS)--``attainment areas''--as well as areas where there is 
insufficient information to determine if the area meets the NAAQS--
``unclassifiable areas.'' The NNSR program is established in part D of 
title I of the CAA and applies in areas that are not in attainment of 
the NAAQS--``nonattainment areas.'' The Minor NSR program (1) addresses 
construction or modification activities that do not emit, or have the 
potential to emit, beyond certain major source thresholds and thus do 
not qualify as ``major,'' and (2) applies regardless of the designation 
of the area in which a source is located. EPA regulations governing the 
criteria that states must satisfy for EPA approval of the NSR programs 
as part of the SIP are contained in 40 CFR sections 51.160-51.166.
    On June 20, 2011, South Dakota submitted revisions for approval by 
EPA into the South Dakota SIP, including some regulations specific to 
the South Dakota PSD permitting program. The submittal proposes to 
revise the PSD major source definition so that it applies to any air 
pollutant ``subject to regulation as required by EPA'' (Section 
74:36:01:08(2)). The submittal also proposes to add the six GHGs 
designated by EPA as regulated air pollutants to the definition of 
regulated air pollutant (Section 74:36:01:15(6)). These definitions may 
also be applied to permitting synthetic minor GHG sources, therefore, 
we are proposing to approve both of those changes in South Dakota's air 
program Definitions. Outside of the PSD program, the SIP submittal 
proposes in Section 74:36:01:01, Definitions, to add ``(73) ``Subject 
to regulation'' as defined in 40 CFR Section 70.2 (July 1, 2009), as 
revised in publication 75 FR 31607 (June 3, 2010), in accordance with 
EPA requirements.'' We are not taking action on that part of the 
submittal because it applies to the title V operating permit program 
which is not part of the SIP.
    The State generally implements the PSD program by incorporating by 
reference (with certain modifications) the federal PSD program in 40 
CFR 52.21. (See Chapter 74:36:09:02, Prevention of Significant 
Deterioration). The submittal revises the State's PSD program by 
incorporating by reference revisions to 40 CFR 52.21 promulgated by EPA 
in the ``Prevention of Significant Deterioration and Title V Greenhouse 
Gas Tailoring Rule,'' 75 FR 31514 (June 3, 2010). Specifically, the 
revision cites the regulatory changes on pages 31606 and 31607 in the 
Tailoring Rule, which contain (among other things) the revisions to 40 
CFR 52.21 promulgated in the Tailoring Rule. We propose to approve that 
revision.
    The PSD section of the State rule includes a rescission clause that 
states, ``If EPA stays or withdraws the regulation of greenhouse gases 
as identified in publication 75 FR 31606 and 31607 (June 3, 2010), or a 
court issues an order vacating or otherwise invalidating EPA's 
regulation of greenhouse gases for any reason, the regulation of 
greenhouse gases by Article 74:36 are void as of the date of such 
administrative or judicial action and shall have no further force and 
effect.'' (Section 74:36:09:02(8)). As explained below, EPA proposes to 
disapprove this language as inconsistent with the CAA.
    These proposed revisions 1) establish that GHG is a regulated 
pollutant under South Dakota's PSD program, and 2) establish emission 
thresholds for determining which new stationary sources and 
modification projects become subject to South Dakota's PSD permitting 
requirements for their GHG emissions consistent with the Tailoring 
Rule. Today's proposed action presents our rationale for approving 
these regulations as meeting the minimum federal requirements for the 
adoption and implementation of PSD SIP permitting programs, and for 
disapproving the submitted rescission clause language.

II. History of EPA's GHG-Related Actions

    This section briefly summarizes EPA's recent GHG-related actions 
that provide the background for this action. Please see the preambles 
for the identified GHG-related rulemakings for more information.
    Beginning in 2010, EPA undertook a series of actions pertaining to 
the regulation of GHGs that established the overall framework for 
today's proposed action on the South Dakota SIP. These actions include, 
as they are commonly called, the ``Endangerment Finding'' and ``Cause 
or Contribute Finding,'' which EPA issued in a single final

[[Page 8132]]

action,\1\ the ``Johnson Memo Reconsideration,'' \2\ the ``Light-Duty 
Vehicle Rule,'' \3\ and the ``Tailoring Rule.'' \4\ Taken together and 
in conjunction with the CAA, these actions established regulatory 
requirements for GHGs emitted from new motor vehicles and new motor 
vehicle engines; determined that such regulations, when they took 
effect on January 2, 2011, subjected GHGs emitted from stationary 
sources to PSD requirements; and limited the applicability of PSD 
requirements to GHG sources on a phased-in basis. EPA took this last 
action in the Tailoring Rule, which, more specifically, established 
appropriate GHG emission thresholds for determining the applicability 
of PSD requirements to GHG-emitting sources.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ ``Endangerment and Cause or Contribute Findings for 
Greenhouse Gases Under Section 202(a) of the Clean Air Act.'' 74 FR 
66496 (December 15, 2009).
    \2\ ``Interpretation of Regulations that Determine Pollutants 
Covered by Clean Air Act Permitting Programs.'' 75 FR 17004 (April 
2, 2010).
    \3\ ``Light-Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and 
Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards; Final Rule.'' 75 FR 25324 
(May 7, 2010).
    \4\ ``Prevention of Significant Deterioration and Title V 
Greenhouse Gas Tailoring Rule; Final Rule.'' 75 FR 31514 (June 3, 
2010).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    At the same time, EPA recognized that many states had approved SIP 
PSD programs that do apply PSD to GHGs, but that do so for sources that 
emit as little as 100 or 250 tons per year (tpy) of GHG, and that do 
not limit PSD applicability to GHGs to the higher thresholds in the 
Tailoring Rule. Therefore, EPA issued the GHG PSD SIP Narrowing 
Rule,\5\ under which, EPA converted its previous full approval of the 
affected SIPs, including South Dakota's, to a partial approval and 
partial disapproval, to the extent those SIPs covered GHG-emitting 
sources below the Tailoring Rule thresholds. EPA based its action 
primarily on the ``error correction'' provisions of CAA section 
110(k)(6). Many of those states have since submitted SIP revisions that 
have established the Tailoring Rule thresholds, and EPA has approved 
those SIP revisions and rescinded the partial disapprovals.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \5\ ``Limitation of Approval of Prevention of Significant 
Deterioration Provisions Concerning Greenhouse Gas Emitting Sources 
in State Implementation Plans,'' 75 FR 82536 (December 30, 2010).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

III. EPA's Analysis of the State's Submittal

    South Dakota is currently a SIP-approved state for the PSD program, 
and has incorporated EPA's 2002 NSR reform revisions for PSD into its 
SIP. The June 20, 2011 revisions to South Dakota's SIP will make the 
approved PSD program rules consistent with the GHG PSD SIP Narrowing 
Rule. As described above, in the Narrowing Rule EPA withdrew its 
previous approval of the South Dakota PSD program to the extent that it 
applied to permitting of new or modified major sources below the 
thresholds set out in the Tailoring Rule. By approving the changes in 
the June 20, 2011 submittal, the approved PSD program rules will 
explicitly conform with the SIP as approved under the Narrowing Rule. 
Specifically, the June 20, 2011 revisions establish thresholds 
consistent with the Tailoring Rule and Narrowing Rule for determining 
which stationary sources and modification projects become subject to 
permitting requirements for GHG emissions under South Dakota's NSR PSD 
program.
    South Dakota has adopted and submitted regulations that adopt the 
federal requirements for the permitting of GHG-emitting sources subject 
to PSD. The proposed revisions incorporate the Tailoring Rule into 
South Dakota's PSD Permitting Program, and support synthetic minor 
permitting at stationary sources seeking federally enforceable limits 
to avoid major source or major stationary source applicability 
thresholds specific to GHG. The changes revise the definitions of major 
source and regulated air pollutant, and make the Tailoring Rule 
effective January 2, 2011. The submittal makes no other changes to the 
State's approved PSD program. We propose to conclude that the revisions 
are consistent with the requirements of 40 CFR 51.166, in particular, 
requirements set out in EPA's final GHG Tailoring Rule, and that the 
revisions should be approved into South Dakota's SIP.
    However, EPA proposes to disapprove the portion of the revision 
that adds a rescission clause to the SIP. In assessing the 
approvability of this clause, EPA considered two key factors: (1) 
Whether the public will be given reasonable notice of any change to the 
SIP that occurs as a result of the automatic rescission clause, and (2) 
whether any future change to the SIP that occurs as a result of the 
automatic rescission clause would be consistent with EPA's 
interpretation of the effect of the triggering EPA or federal court 
action (e.g., the extent of an administrative or judicial stay). These 
criteria are derived from the SIP revision procedures set forth in the 
CAA and federal regulations.
    EPA's consideration of whether any SIP change resulting from the 
proposed automatic rescission clause would be consistent with EPA's 
interpretation of the effect of the triggering action on federal 
regulations is based on 40 CFR 51.105. Under 40 CFR 51.105, 
``[r]evisions of a plan, or any portion thereof, will not be considered 
part of an applicable plan until such revisions have been approved by 
the Administrator in accordance with this part.'' See 40 CFR 51.105. 
However, the South Dakota rescission clause takes effect immediately 
upon certain judicial actions without any EPA intervention. The effect 
of this is that EPA is not given the opportunity to determine the 
effect and extent of the judicial action; instead, the SIP is modified 
without EPA's approval. This violates 40 CFR 51.105.
    The provision is also insufficient with regard to providing 
adequate notice to the public. While the State followed applicable 
notice-and-comment procedures prior to adopting the automatic 
rescission clause, the public would not receive adequate notice of the 
modification of the SIP after a triggering judicial action. Without 
intervening notice by EPA to the public of the effect and extent of the 
judicial action, its effect and extent (and indeed whether the judicial 
action triggered the provision at all) would be unclear to the public.

IV. Proposed Action

    EPA proposes to approve in part, and disapprove in part, the June 
20, 2011 submittal that addresses the permitting of sources of 
greenhouse gases for incorporation into the South Dakota SIP. 
Specifically, EPA proposes to approve revisions to Chapter 74:36:09 
that incorporates the Tailoring Rule into the State's definitions and 
requirements for PSD. EPA is proposing to disapprove the provision that 
would rescind the State's Tailoring Rule revision in certain 
circumstances. EPA will take separate action on an amendment in the 
June 20, 2011 submittal to Chapter 74:36:20, Construction Permits for 
New Sources or Modifications, regarding permits for minor sources.
    EPA proposes to approve changes to Definitions, Section 
74:36:01:08(2), which revises the major source definition so that it 
applies to any air pollutant ``subject to regulation as required by 
EPA,'' and Section 74:36:01:15(6), which adds the six GHGs designated 
by EPA as regulated air pollutants to the definition of regulated air 
pollutant. EPA is not taking action on the addition of ``(73) ``Subject 
to regulation'' as defined in 40 CFR Section 70.2 (July 1, 2009), as 
revised in publication 75 FR 31607 (June 3, 2010), in accordance with 
EPA requirements,'' because it applies to the title V

[[Page 8133]]

permitting program which is not part of the SIP.

V. Statutory and Executive Orders Review

    Under the Clean Air Act, the Administrator is required to approve a 
SIP submission that complies with the provisions of the Act and 
applicable federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). 
Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve state 
choices, provided that they meet the criteria of the Clean Air Act. 
Accordingly, this proposed action merely approves state law that meets 
federal requirements and disapproves state law that does not meet 
federal requirements; when finalized, this action would not impose 
additional requirements beyond those imposed by state law. For that 
reason, this action:
     Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' subject to 
review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Order 
12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993);
     does not impose an information collection burden under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
     is certified as not having a significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
     does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
     does not have Federalism implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
     is not an economically significant regulatory action based 
on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 
19885, April 23, 1997);
     is not a significant regulatory action subject to 
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001);
     is not subject to requirements of Section 12(d) of the 
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent 
with the Clean Air Act; and
     does not provide EPA with the discretionary authority to 
address, as appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental 
effects, using practicable and legally permissible methods, under 
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994). In addition, 
this rule does not have tribal implications as specified by Executive 
Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000), because the SIP is not 
approved to apply in Indian country located in the state, and EPA notes 
that it will not impose substantial direct costs on tribal governments 
or preempt tribal law.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Carbon monoxide, 
Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Lead, Nitrogen 
dioxide, Ozone, Particulate matter, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements, Sulfur oxides, and Volatile organic compounds.

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

    Dated: January 29, 2014.
Shaun L. McGrath,
Regional Administrator, Region 8.
[FR Doc. 2014-02931 Filed 2-10-14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P
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