Community Health Systems, Inc. and Health Management Associates, Inc.; Analysis of Agreement Containing Consent Orders to Aid Public Comment, 5409-5412 [2014-01942]
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5409
Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 21 / Friday, January 31, 2014 / Notices
Challenge Process Form.’’ Finally, the
Commission has made some minor edits
to the FCC Form 505 and its
instructions.
Federal Communications Commission.
Marlene H. Dortch,
Secretary, Office of the Secretary, Office of
Managing Director.
FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE
CORPORATION
Update to Notice of Financial
Institutions for Which the Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation has
been Appointed Either Receiver,
Liquidator, or Manager
Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation
ACTION: Update Listing of Financial
Institutions in Liquidation
AGENCY:
[FR Doc. 2014–01981 Filed 1–30–14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6712–01–P
Notice is hereby given that
the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation (Corporation) has been
appointed the sole receiver for the
following financial institutions effective
as of the Date Closed as indicated in the
listing. This list (as updated from time
SUMMARY:
to time in the Federal Register) may be
relied upon as ‘‘of record’’ notice that
the Corporation has been appointed
receiver for purposes of the statement of
policy published in the July 2, 1992
issue of the Federal Register (57 FR
29491). For further information
concerning the identification of any
institutions which have been placed in
liquidation, please visit the Corporation
Web site at www.fdic.gov/bank/
individual/failed/banklist.html or
contact the Manager of Receivership
Oversight in the appropriate service
center.
Dated: January 27, 2014.
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
Pamela Johnson,
Regulatory Editing Specialist.
INSTITUTIONS IN LIQUIDATION
[In alphabetical order]
FDIC Ref. No.
Bank name
City
10493 ........................
The Bank of Union ......................................................
El Reno ...........................................
FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM
[FR Doc. 2014–02056 Filed 1–30–14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6714–01–P
Formations of, Acquisitions by, and
Mergers of Bank Holding Companies
FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION
Sunshine Act Meetings
AGENCY:
Federal Election Commission.
Tuesday, February 4,
2014 at 10 a.m.
TIME AND DATE:
PLACE:
999 E Street NW., Washington,
DC.
This meeting will be closed to
the public.
STATUS:
MATTERS TO BE DISCUSSED:
Compliance matters pursuant to 2
U.S.C. 437g.
Matters concerning participation in civil
actions or proceedings or arbitration.
Information the premature disclosure of
which would be likely to have a
considerable adverse effect on the
implementation of a proposed
Commission action.
*
*
*
*
*
tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
CONTACT PERSON FOR MORE INFORMATION:
Judith Ingram, Press Officer, Telephone:
(202) 694–1220.
Shelley Garr,
Deputy Secretary of the Commission.
[FR Doc. 2014–02119 Filed 1–29–14; 11:15 am]
BILLING CODE 6715–01–P
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The companies listed in this notice
have applied to the Board for approval,
pursuant to the Bank Holding Company
Act of 1956 (12 U.S.C. 1841 et seq.)
(BHC Act), Regulation Y (12 CFR part
225), and all other applicable statutes
and regulations to become a bank
holding company and/or to acquire the
assets or the ownership of, control of, or
the power to vote shares of a bank or
bank holding company and all of the
banks and nonbanking companies
owned by the bank holding company,
including the companies listed below.
The applications listed below, as well
as other related filings required by the
Board, are available for immediate
inspection at the Federal Reserve Bank
indicated. The applications will also be
available for inspection at the offices of
the Board of Governors. Interested
persons may express their views in
writing on the standards enumerated in
the BHC Act (12 U.S.C. 1842(c)). If the
proposal also involves the acquisition of
a nonbanking company, the review also
includes whether the acquisition of the
nonbanking company complies with the
standards in section 4 of the BHC Act
(12 U.S.C. 1843). Unless otherwise
noted, nonbanking activities will be
conducted throughout the United States.
Unless otherwise noted, comments
regarding each of these applications
must be received at the Reserve Bank
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State
OK
Date closed
1/24/2014
indicated or the offices of the Board of
Governors not later than February 27,
2014.
A. Federal Reserve Bank of
Minneapolis (Jacqueline K. Brunmeier,
Assistant Vice President) 90 Hennepin
Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota
55480–0291:
1. Stearns Financial Services, Inc.
Employee Stock Ownership Plan, Saint
Cloud, Minnesota; to retain and acquire
additional voting shares, for a total of 26
percent, of Stearns Financial Services,
Inc., and thereby indirectly acquire
additional voting shares of Stearns Bank
National Association, both in Saint
Cloud, Minnesota, Stearns Bank of
Upsala, National Association, Upsala,
Minnesota, and Stearns Bank of
Holdingford, National Association,
Holdingford, Minnesota.
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve
System, January 28, 2014.
Michael J. Lewandowski,
Associate Secretary of the Board.
[FR Doc. 2014–01998 Filed 1–30–14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6210–01–P
FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION
[File No. 131 0202]
Community Health Systems, Inc. and
Health Management Associates, Inc.;
Analysis of Agreement Containing
Consent Orders to Aid Public
Comment
AGENCY:
E:\FR\FM\31JAN1.SGM
Federal Trade Commission.
31JAN1
5410
ACTION:
Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 21 / Friday, January 31, 2014 / Notices
Proposed Consent Agreement.
The consent agreement in this
matter settles alleged violations of
federal law prohibiting unfair methods
of competition. The attached Analysis of
Agreement Containing Consent Orders
to Aid Public Comment describes both
the allegations in the draft complaint
and the terms of the consent orders—
embodied in the consent agreement—
that would settle these allegations.
DATES: Comments must be received on
or before February 21, 2014.
ADDRESSES: Interested parties may file
comments at https://
ftcpublic.commentworks.com/ftc/
chshealthmanagementconsent online or
on paper, by following the instructions
in the Request for Comments part of the
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section
below. Write ‘‘Community Health
Systems, Inc., and Health Management
Associates, Inc.—Consent Agreement;
File No. 131–0202’’ on your comment
and file your comment online at https://
ftcpublic.commentworks.com/ftc/
chshealthmanagementconsenthttps://
ftcpublic.commentworks.com/ftc/
fidelitynationalconsent by following the
instructions on the web-based form. If
you prefer to file your comment on
paper, mail or deliver your comments to
the following address: Federal Trade
Commission, Office of the Secretary,
Room H–113 (Annex D), 600
Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington,
DC 20580.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Katherine A. Ambrogi, Bureau of
Competition, (202–326–2205), 600
Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington,
DC 20580.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Pursuant
to Section 6(f) of the Federal Trade
Commission Act, 15 U.S.C. 46(f), and
FTC Rule 2.34, 16 CFR 2.34, notice is
hereby given that the above-captioned
consent agreement containing consent
orders to cease and desist, having been
filed with and accepted, subject to final
approval, by the Commission, having
been placed on the public record for a
period of thirty (30) days. The following
Analysis to Aid Public Comment
describes the terms of the consent
agreement, and the allegations in the
complaint. An electronic copy of the
full text of the consent agreement
package can be obtained from the FTC
Home Page (for January 22, 2014), on
the World Wide Web, at https://
www.ftc.gov/os/actions.shtm. A paper
copy can be obtained from the FTC
Public Reference Room, Room 130–H,
600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW.,
Washington, DC 20580, either in person
or by calling (202) 326–2222.
tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
SUMMARY:
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You can file a comment online or on
paper. For the Commission to consider
your comment, we must receive it on or
before February 21, 2014. Write
‘‘Community Health Systems, Inc., and
Health Management Associates, Inc.—
Consent Agreement; File No. 131–0202’’
on your comment. Your comment—
including your name and your state—
will be placed on the public record of
this proceeding, including, to the extent
practicable, on the public Commission
Web site, at https://www.ftc.gov/os/
publiccomments.shtm. As a matter of
discretion, the Commission tries to
remove individuals’ home contact
information from comments before
placing them on the Commission Web
site.
Because your comment will be made
public, you are solely responsible for
making sure that your comment does
not include any sensitive personal
information, like anyone’s Social
Security number, date of birth, driver’s
license number or other state
identification number or foreign country
equivalent, passport number, financial
account number, or credit or debit card
number. You are also solely responsible
for making sure that your comment does
not include any sensitive health
information, like medical records or
other individually identifiable health
information. In addition, do not include
any ‘‘[t]rade secret or any commercial or
financial information which . . . is
privileged or confidential,’’ as discussed
in Section 6(f) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C.
46(f), and FTC Rule 4.10(a)(2), 16 CFR
4.10(a)(2). In particular, do not include
competitively sensitive information
such as costs, sales statistics,
inventories, formulas, patterns, devices,
manufacturing processes, or customer
names.
If you want the Commission to give
your comment confidential treatment,
you must file it in paper form, with a
request for confidential treatment, and
you have to follow the procedure
explained in FTC Rule 4.9(c), 16 CFR
4.9(c).1 Your comment will be kept
confidential only if the FTC General
Counsel, in his or her sole discretion,
grants your request in accordance with
the law and the public interest.
Postal mail addressed to the
Commission is subject to delay due to
heightened security screening. As a
result, we encourage you to submit your
comment online. To make sure that the
Commission considers your online
1 In particular, the written request for confidential
treatment that accompanies the comment must
include the factual and legal basis for the request,
and must identify the specific portions of the
comment to be withheld from the public record. See
FTC Rule 4.9(c), 16 CFR 4.9(c).
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comment, you must file it at https://
ftcpublic.commentworks.com/ftc/
chshealthmanagementconsent by
following the instructions on the webbased forms. If this Notice appears at
https://www.regulations.gov/#!home, you
also may file a comment through that
Web site.
If you file your comment on paper,
write ‘‘Community Health Systems, Inc.,
and Health Management Associates,
Inc.—Consent Agreement; File No. 131–
0202’’ on your comment and on the
envelope, and mail or deliver it to the
following address: Federal Trade
Commission, Office of the Secretary,
Room H–113 (Annex D), 600
Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington,
DC 20580. If possible, submit your
paper comment to the Commission by
courier or overnight service.
Visit the Commission Web site at
https://www.ftc.gov to read this Notice
and the news release describing it. The
FTC Act and other laws that the
Commission administers permit the
collection of public comments to
consider and use in this proceeding as
appropriate. The Commission will
consider all timely and responsive
public comments that it receives on or
before February 21, 2014. You can find
more information, including routine
uses permitted by the Privacy Act, in
the Commission’s privacy policy, at
https://www.ftc.gov/ftc/privacy.htm.
Analysis of Agreement Containing
Consent Orders To Aid Public Comment
I. Introduction and Background
The Federal Trade Commission
(‘‘Commission’’) has accepted for public
comment, subject to final approval, an
Agreement Containing Consent Orders
(‘‘Consent Agreement’’) from
Community Health Systems, Inc.
(‘‘CHS’’) and Health Management
Associates, Inc. (‘‘HMA’’). The purpose
of the proposed Consent Agreement is to
remedy the anticompetitive effects that
otherwise would result from CHS’s
acquisition of HMA. The proposed
Consent Agreement requires CHS to
divest the Riverview Regional Medical
Center (‘‘Riverview’’) and all associated
operations and businesses in and
around Gadsden, Alabama, and the
Carolina Pines Regional Medical Center
(‘‘Carolina Pines’’) and all associated
operations and businesses in and
around Hartsville, South Carolina, to a
Commission-approved acquirer, and in
a manner approved by the Commission,
within six months after the Decision
and Order is issued. Under the proposed
Consent Agreement, CHS also is
required to hold separate the to-bedivested assets and maintain the
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Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 21 / Friday, January 31, 2014 / Notices
tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
economic viability, marketability, and
competitiveness of the divestiture
assets, until the potential acquirer is
approved by the Commission and the
divestiture is complete. Finally, CHS is
required to provide the Commission
prior notice of any acquisition of a GAC
services provider in the Gadsden
Metropolitan Statistical Area and the
Florence Metropolitan Statistical Area
for ten years.
The proposed Consent Agreement has
been placed on the public record for
thirty days to solicit comments from
interested persons. Comments received
during this period will become part of
the public record. After thirty days, the
Commission again will review the
proposed Consent Agreement and
comments received, and decide whether
it should withdraw the Consent
Agreement, modify the Consent
Agreement, or make it final.
On July 29, 2013, CHS and HMA
signed a merger agreement pursuant to
which CHS agreed to acquire HMA for
$7.6 billion. The Commission’s
complaint alleges that the proposed
acquisition, if consummated, would
violate Section 7 of the Clayton Act, as
amended, 15 U.S.C. 18, and Section 5 of
the Federal Trade Commission Act, as
amended, 15 U.S.C. 45, by removing an
actual, direct, and substantial
competitor from two local markets in
Alabama and South Carolina for general
acute care inpatient services sold to
commercial health plans. The proposed
Consent Agreement would remedy the
alleged violations by requiring complete
divestitures in the affected markets. The
divestitures will replace the competition
that otherwise would be lost in the
Alabama and South Carolina markets
because of the proposed acquisition.
II. The Parties
Headquartered in Franklin,
Tennessee, CHS is a for-profit health
system that owns 135 hospitals with
approximately 20,000 licensed beds in
29 states. CHS is the second-largest U.S.
hospital chain and one of the largest
publicly-traded operators of hospitals in
the United States. CHS generated
approximately $13 billion in revenue in
2012.
HMA is a for-profit health system
headquartered in Naples, Florida that
owns 71 hospitals in 15 states, primarily
in the southeastern United States. In
2012, HMA generated $5.9 billion in
revenue.
III. General Acute Care Inpatient
Services
CHS’s proposed acquisition of HMA
poses substantial antitrust concerns in
the relevant product market of general
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17:23 Jan 30, 2014
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acute care inpatient services (‘‘GAC
services’’) provided to commercially
insured patients. GAC services consist
of a broad cluster of routine inpatient
services that require an overnight
hospital stay. They are sold to
commercial health plans, which sell
benefit plans to commercially insured
patients. GAC services do not include
services related to psychiatric care,
substance abuse, and rehabilitation
services. Likewise, outpatient services
are not included in GAC services
because such services are characterized
by different competitive conditions (e.g.,
different competitors, lower entry
barriers) and because health plans and
their members generally cannot
substitute those services for inpatient
services in response to a small but
significant and non-transitory increase
in price.
GAC services markets are local in
nature. Evidence gathered from market
participants shows that patients strongly
prefer to receive care as close to home
as possible and to stay within the area
where they live or work. Accordingly,
the proposed acquisition raises serious
antitrust concerns in two local markets
for patients seeking GAC services: (1)
The area that approximates Etowah
County and includes the City of
Gadsden, Alabama (the ‘‘Gadsden
Area’’); and (2) the area that
approximates Darlington County, South
Carolina (the ‘‘Darlington County
Area’’).
The proposed acquisition would
combine the only two competitively
meaningful hospitals providing GAC
services to Gadsden Area patients—
HMA’s Riverview and CHS’s Gadsden
Regional Medical Center (‘‘Gadsden
Regional’’). The Gadsden Area market
already is highly concentrated, and the
proposed merger would substantially
increase concentration in that market
absent relief. Post-merger, commercially
insured patients in the Gadsden Area
would have only CHS’s hospitals as
meaningful options to obtain GAC
services. The presumption of
anticompetitive harm created by such
high levels of market concentration is
supported by evidence of the close
competition between Riverview and
Gadsden Regional that would be
eliminated by the proposed merger.
Consumers in the Gadsden Area have
benefited from this head-to-head
competition in the form of lower health
care costs and higher quality of care.
Absent relief, CHS would gain
additional leverage and be able to
demand higher reimbursement rates
from commercial health plans, and
would have reduced incentives to
maintain and improve its quality of
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5411
care. Ultimately, these effects are felt by
local patients in the form of higher
premiums, co-pays, and out-of-pocket
costs, as well as reduced access to highquality care.
In South Carolina, the proposed
acquisition would combine two of only
three competitively meaningful
hospitals providing GAC services to
Darlington County Area commercially
insured patients—HMA’s Carolina Pines
and CHS’s Carolinas Hospital-Florence
(‘‘Carolinas Hospital’’). Third-party
McLeod Regional Medical Center
(‘‘McLeod Regional’’) also serves the
Darlington County Area. The Darlington
County Area market is highly
concentrated, and the proposed merger
would substantially increase
concentration in that market absent
relief. Post-merger, commercially
insured patients in the Darlington
County Area would have only two
meaningful options for GAC services—
either a CHS-owned hospital or thirdparty McLeod Regional. The
presumption of anticompetitive harm is
supported by evidence of the close
competition between Carolina Pines and
Carolinas Hospital that would be
eliminated by the proposed merger.
Consumers in the Darlington County
Area have benefited from this head-tohead competition in the form of lower
health care costs and higher quality of
care. Absent relief, CHS would gain
additional leverage and be able to
demand higher reimbursement rates
from commercial health plans, and
would have reduced incentives to
maintain and improve its quality of
care. Ultimately, these effects are felt by
local patients in the form of higher
premiums, co-pays, and out-of-pocket
costs, as well as reduced access to highquality care.
New entry or expansion is unlikely to
deter or counteract the anticompetitive
effects of the proposed acquisition in
either market. Alabama’s Certificate of
Need (‘‘CON’’) statute poses a regulatory
hurdle that must be overcome before
constructing new healthcare facilities,
expanding or modifying existing
facilities, or altering inpatient services.
South Carolina has a similar CON
statute. Significant entry barriers also
include the time and costs associated
with constructing or expanding a
general acute care hospital. There is no
evidence of planned entry into either
market or any evidence that there is
unmet demand for GAC services in
either market that might spur entry or
expansion. Thus, it is unlikely that new
entry or expansion sufficient to achieve
a significant market impact will occur in
a timely manner in either market.
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tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
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Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 21 / Friday, January 31, 2014 / Notices
IV. The Proposed Consent Agreement
The proposed Consent Agreement
remedies the anticompetitive concerns
in both local markets. The proposed
Consent Agreement would maintain
competition in the Gadsden Area by
requiring CHS to divest Riverview and
its associated operations and businesses.
Similarly, the proposed Consent
Agreement would fully maintain
competition in the Darlington County
Area by requiring CHS to divest
Carolina Pines and its associated
operations and businesses. Any
potential buyer for either hospital is
subject to the prior approval of the
Commission.
The proposed Consent Agreement
also requires CHS to provide
transitional services to the approved
acquirers for one year, as needed, to
assist the acquirers with operating the
divested assets as viable and ongoing
businesses. Until the divestitures are
completed, CHS is required to hold
Riverview and Carolina Pines separate,
subject to the standard terms of the
Order to Hold Separate and Maintain
Assets. The proposed order also
appoints Curtis Lane, the senior
managing director of MTS Health
Partners, LP, as Hold Separate Monitor
to oversee CHS’s compliance with the
Order to Hold Separate and Maintain
Assets. Finally, the proposed order
contains a ten-year prior notice
requirement for acquisitions of GAC
services providers in the Gadsden,
Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area
or in the Florence, South Carolina
Metropolitan Statistical Area, as well as
compliance reporting requirements.
The hospitals to be divested are each
stand-alone businesses and include all
of the assets and real property necessary
for a Commission-approved buyer to
compete immediately and effectively in
each relevant market. In addition to
divestiture of the actual facilities at
issue, CHS has agreed to divest the
rights to all intellectual property,
including the facility names, and all
provider and health plan contracts
associated with the facilities. Although
the competitive concerns relate to GAC
services to commercially insured
patients only, the proposed order
contemplates divestiture of all services
and operations that are affiliated with
the facility or facilities to be divested
that are necessary to be a viable
business. Specifically, CHS will divest
all outpatient operations and
businesses, including outpatient
physician practices, associated with
each hospital. This requirement is
consistent with similar divestitures in
prior Commission actions.
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17:23 Jan 30, 2014
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The sole purpose of this analysis is to
facilitate public comment on the
Consent Agreement. This analysis does
not constitute an official interpretation
of the Consent Agreement or modify its
terms in any way.
By direction of the Commission.
Donald S. Clark,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2014–01942 Filed 1–30–14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6750–01–P
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND
HUMAN SERVICES
Request for Comments on the Ethical
Considerations of Neuroscience
Research and the Application of
Neuroscience Research Findings
Department of Health and
Human Services, Office of the Secretary,
Presidential Commission for the Study
of Bioethical Issues.
ACTION: Notice.
AGENCY:
The Presidential Commission
for the Study of Bioethical Issues is
requesting public comment on the
ethical considerations of neuroscience
research and the application of
neuroscience research findings.
DATES: To ensure consideration,
comments must be received by April 1,
2014. Comments received after this date
will be considered only as time permits.
ADDRESSES: Individuals, groups, and
organizations interested in commenting
on this topic may submit comments by
email to info@bioethics.gov or by mail to
the following address: Public
Commentary, Presidential Commission
for the Study of Bioethical Issues, 1425
New York Ave. NW., Suite C–100,
Washington, DC 20005.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Hillary Wicai Viers, Communications
Director, Presidential Commission for
the Study of Bioethical Issues.
Telephone: 202–233–3960. E-Mail:
hillary.viers@bioethics.gov. Additional
information may be obtained at https://
www.bioethics.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: On
November 24, 2009, the President
established the Presidential Commission
for the Study of Bioethical Issues (the
Commission) to advise him on
bioethical issues generated by novel and
emerging research in biomedicine and
related areas of science and technology.
The Commission is charged with
identifying and promoting policies and
practices that ensure ethically
responsible conduct of scientific
research and health care delivery.
Undertaking these duties, the
SUMMARY:
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Commission seeks to identify and
examine specific bioethical, legal, and
social issues related to potential
scientific and technological advances;
examine diverse perspectives and
possibilities for international
collaboration on these issues; and
recommend legal, regulatory, or policy
actions as appropriate.
The Commission is considering the
conduct and implications of
neuroscience research. On July 1, 2013,
the President asked the Commission to
‘‘identify proactively a set of core
ethical standards—both to guide
neuroscience research and to address
some of the ethical dilemmas that may
be raised by the application of
neuroscience research findings.’’ The
President requested that the
Commission seek input from ‘‘scientists,
ethicists, legal scholars, and members of
the public’’ to inform its deliberations.
The Commission is interested in
receiving comments from individuals,
groups, and professional communities
regarding the ethical considerations of
neuroscience research and the
application of neuroscience research
findings. The Commission is
particularly interested in receiving
public commentary regarding:
• The diversity and scope of ethical
considerations related to neuroscience
as a field;
• core ethical standards that guide
neuroscience research, including
consistency (or lack thereof) across
disciplines, and potential tension
among the guiding standards;
• advances in neuroscience research
that raise novel ethical issues or
heighten existing ethical tensions;
• whether emphasis on particular
aspects of the Common Rule (or other
research ethics regulations) is needed
given the particular implications of
some neuroscience research or whether
any part of the Common Rule needs
clarification in order to adequately
protect participants in neuroscience
research specifically;
• potential implications of
discoveries that might flow from studies
of the brain and questions that might
arise from neuroscience research
findings and their applications,
including questions about the potential
implications for privacy, personal
agency, and moral responsibility for
one’s actions; stigmatization and
discrimination; and the appropriate use
of neuroscience in the justice system;
• strategies for integrating from a
project’s inception ethical
considerations into neuroscience
research, technological development,
and scientific research generally; and
E:\FR\FM\31JAN1.SGM
31JAN1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 79, Number 21 (Friday, January 31, 2014)]
[Notices]
[Pages 5409-5412]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2014-01942]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION
[File No. 131 0202]
Community Health Systems, Inc. and Health Management Associates,
Inc.; Analysis of Agreement Containing Consent Orders to Aid Public
Comment
AGENCY: Federal Trade Commission.
[[Page 5410]]
ACTION: Proposed Consent Agreement.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The consent agreement in this matter settles alleged
violations of federal law prohibiting unfair methods of competition.
The attached Analysis of Agreement Containing Consent Orders to Aid
Public Comment describes both the allegations in the draft complaint
and the terms of the consent orders--embodied in the consent
agreement--that would settle these allegations.
DATES: Comments must be received on or before February 21, 2014.
ADDRESSES: Interested parties may file comments at https://ftcpublic.commentworks.com/ftc/chshealthmanagementconsent online or on
paper, by following the instructions in the Request for Comments part
of the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section below. Write ``Community
Health Systems, Inc., and Health Management Associates, Inc.--Consent
Agreement; File No. 131-0202'' on your comment and file your comment
online at https://ftcpublic.commentworks.com/ftc/chshealthmanagementconsenthttps://ftcpublic.commentworks.com/ftc/fidelitynationalconsent by following the instructions on the web-based
form. If you prefer to file your comment on paper, mail or deliver your
comments to the following address: Federal Trade Commission, Office of
the Secretary, Room H-113 (Annex D), 600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW.,
Washington, DC 20580.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Katherine A. Ambrogi, Bureau of
Competition, (202-326-2205), 600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington,
DC 20580.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Pursuant to Section 6(f) of the Federal
Trade Commission Act, 15 U.S.C. 46(f), and FTC Rule 2.34, 16 CFR 2.34,
notice is hereby given that the above-captioned consent agreement
containing consent orders to cease and desist, having been filed with
and accepted, subject to final approval, by the Commission, having been
placed on the public record for a period of thirty (30) days. The
following Analysis to Aid Public Comment describes the terms of the
consent agreement, and the allegations in the complaint. An electronic
copy of the full text of the consent agreement package can be obtained
from the FTC Home Page (for January 22, 2014), on the World Wide Web,
at https://www.ftc.gov/os/actions.shtm. A paper copy can be obtained
from the FTC Public Reference Room, Room 130-H, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue
NW., Washington, DC 20580, either in person or by calling (202) 326-
2222.
You can file a comment online or on paper. For the Commission to
consider your comment, we must receive it on or before February 21,
2014. Write ``Community Health Systems, Inc., and Health Management
Associates, Inc.--Consent Agreement; File No. 131-0202'' on your
comment. Your comment--including your name and your state--will be
placed on the public record of this proceeding, including, to the
extent practicable, on the public Commission Web site, at https://www.ftc.gov/os/publiccomments.shtm. As a matter of discretion, the
Commission tries to remove individuals' home contact information from
comments before placing them on the Commission Web site.
Because your comment will be made public, you are solely
responsible for making sure that your comment does not include any
sensitive personal information, like anyone's Social Security number,
date of birth, driver's license number or other state identification
number or foreign country equivalent, passport number, financial
account number, or credit or debit card number. You are also solely
responsible for making sure that your comment does not include any
sensitive health information, like medical records or other
individually identifiable health information. In addition, do not
include any ``[t]rade secret or any commercial or financial information
which . . . is privileged or confidential,'' as discussed in Section
6(f) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. 46(f), and FTC Rule 4.10(a)(2), 16 CFR
4.10(a)(2). In particular, do not include competitively sensitive
information such as costs, sales statistics, inventories, formulas,
patterns, devices, manufacturing processes, or customer names.
If you want the Commission to give your comment confidential
treatment, you must file it in paper form, with a request for
confidential treatment, and you have to follow the procedure explained
in FTC Rule 4.9(c), 16 CFR 4.9(c).\1\ Your comment will be kept
confidential only if the FTC General Counsel, in his or her sole
discretion, grants your request in accordance with the law and the
public interest.
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\1\ In particular, the written request for confidential
treatment that accompanies the comment must include the factual and
legal basis for the request, and must identify the specific portions
of the comment to be withheld from the public record. See FTC Rule
4.9(c), 16 CFR 4.9(c).
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Postal mail addressed to the Commission is subject to delay due to
heightened security screening. As a result, we encourage you to submit
your comment online. To make sure that the Commission considers your
online comment, you must file it at https://ftcpublic.commentworks.com/ftc/chshealthmanagementconsent by following the instructions on the
web-based forms. If this Notice appears at https://www.regulations.gov/#!home, you also may file a comment through that Web site.
If you file your comment on paper, write ``Community Health
Systems, Inc., and Health Management Associates, Inc.--Consent
Agreement; File No. 131-0202'' on your comment and on the envelope, and
mail or deliver it to the following address: Federal Trade Commission,
Office of the Secretary, Room H-113 (Annex D), 600 Pennsylvania Avenue
NW., Washington, DC 20580. If possible, submit your paper comment to
the Commission by courier or overnight service.
Visit the Commission Web site at https://www.ftc.gov to read this
Notice and the news release describing it. The FTC Act and other laws
that the Commission administers permit the collection of public
comments to consider and use in this proceeding as appropriate. The
Commission will consider all timely and responsive public comments that
it receives on or before February 21, 2014. You can find more
information, including routine uses permitted by the Privacy Act, in
the Commission's privacy policy, at https://www.ftc.gov/ftc/privacy.htm.
Analysis of Agreement Containing Consent Orders To Aid Public Comment
I. Introduction and Background
The Federal Trade Commission (``Commission'') has accepted for
public comment, subject to final approval, an Agreement Containing
Consent Orders (``Consent Agreement'') from Community Health Systems,
Inc. (``CHS'') and Health Management Associates, Inc. (``HMA''). The
purpose of the proposed Consent Agreement is to remedy the
anticompetitive effects that otherwise would result from CHS's
acquisition of HMA. The proposed Consent Agreement requires CHS to
divest the Riverview Regional Medical Center (``Riverview'') and all
associated operations and businesses in and around Gadsden, Alabama,
and the Carolina Pines Regional Medical Center (``Carolina Pines'') and
all associated operations and businesses in and around Hartsville,
South Carolina, to a Commission-approved acquirer, and in a manner
approved by the Commission, within six months after the Decision and
Order is issued. Under the proposed Consent Agreement, CHS also is
required to hold separate the to-be-divested assets and maintain the
[[Page 5411]]
economic viability, marketability, and competitiveness of the
divestiture assets, until the potential acquirer is approved by the
Commission and the divestiture is complete. Finally, CHS is required to
provide the Commission prior notice of any acquisition of a GAC
services provider in the Gadsden Metropolitan Statistical Area and the
Florence Metropolitan Statistical Area for ten years.
The proposed Consent Agreement has been placed on the public record
for thirty days to solicit comments from interested persons. Comments
received during this period will become part of the public record.
After thirty days, the Commission again will review the proposed
Consent Agreement and comments received, and decide whether it should
withdraw the Consent Agreement, modify the Consent Agreement, or make
it final.
On July 29, 2013, CHS and HMA signed a merger agreement pursuant to
which CHS agreed to acquire HMA for $7.6 billion. The Commission's
complaint alleges that the proposed acquisition, if consummated, would
violate Section 7 of the Clayton Act, as amended, 15 U.S.C. 18, and
Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act, as amended, 15 U.S.C.
45, by removing an actual, direct, and substantial competitor from two
local markets in Alabama and South Carolina for general acute care
inpatient services sold to commercial health plans. The proposed
Consent Agreement would remedy the alleged violations by requiring
complete divestitures in the affected markets. The divestitures will
replace the competition that otherwise would be lost in the Alabama and
South Carolina markets because of the proposed acquisition.
II. The Parties
Headquartered in Franklin, Tennessee, CHS is a for-profit health
system that owns 135 hospitals with approximately 20,000 licensed beds
in 29 states. CHS is the second-largest U.S. hospital chain and one of
the largest publicly-traded operators of hospitals in the United
States. CHS generated approximately $13 billion in revenue in 2012.
HMA is a for-profit health system headquartered in Naples, Florida
that owns 71 hospitals in 15 states, primarily in the southeastern
United States. In 2012, HMA generated $5.9 billion in revenue.
III. General Acute Care Inpatient Services
CHS's proposed acquisition of HMA poses substantial antitrust
concerns in the relevant product market of general acute care inpatient
services (``GAC services'') provided to commercially insured patients.
GAC services consist of a broad cluster of routine inpatient services
that require an overnight hospital stay. They are sold to commercial
health plans, which sell benefit plans to commercially insured
patients. GAC services do not include services related to psychiatric
care, substance abuse, and rehabilitation services. Likewise,
outpatient services are not included in GAC services because such
services are characterized by different competitive conditions (e.g.,
different competitors, lower entry barriers) and because health plans
and their members generally cannot substitute those services for
inpatient services in response to a small but significant and non-
transitory increase in price.
GAC services markets are local in nature. Evidence gathered from
market participants shows that patients strongly prefer to receive care
as close to home as possible and to stay within the area where they
live or work. Accordingly, the proposed acquisition raises serious
antitrust concerns in two local markets for patients seeking GAC
services: (1) The area that approximates Etowah County and includes the
City of Gadsden, Alabama (the ``Gadsden Area''); and (2) the area that
approximates Darlington County, South Carolina (the ``Darlington County
Area'').
The proposed acquisition would combine the only two competitively
meaningful hospitals providing GAC services to Gadsden Area patients--
HMA's Riverview and CHS's Gadsden Regional Medical Center (``Gadsden
Regional''). The Gadsden Area market already is highly concentrated,
and the proposed merger would substantially increase concentration in
that market absent relief. Post-merger, commercially insured patients
in the Gadsden Area would have only CHS's hospitals as meaningful
options to obtain GAC services. The presumption of anticompetitive harm
created by such high levels of market concentration is supported by
evidence of the close competition between Riverview and Gadsden
Regional that would be eliminated by the proposed merger. Consumers in
the Gadsden Area have benefited from this head-to-head competition in
the form of lower health care costs and higher quality of care. Absent
relief, CHS would gain additional leverage and be able to demand higher
reimbursement rates from commercial health plans, and would have
reduced incentives to maintain and improve its quality of care.
Ultimately, these effects are felt by local patients in the form of
higher premiums, co-pays, and out-of-pocket costs, as well as reduced
access to high-quality care.
In South Carolina, the proposed acquisition would combine two of
only three competitively meaningful hospitals providing GAC services to
Darlington County Area commercially insured patients--HMA's Carolina
Pines and CHS's Carolinas Hospital-Florence (``Carolinas Hospital'').
Third-party McLeod Regional Medical Center (``McLeod Regional'') also
serves the Darlington County Area. The Darlington County Area market is
highly concentrated, and the proposed merger would substantially
increase concentration in that market absent relief. Post-merger,
commercially insured patients in the Darlington County Area would have
only two meaningful options for GAC services--either a CHS-owned
hospital or third-party McLeod Regional. The presumption of
anticompetitive harm is supported by evidence of the close competition
between Carolina Pines and Carolinas Hospital that would be eliminated
by the proposed merger. Consumers in the Darlington County Area have
benefited from this head-to-head competition in the form of lower
health care costs and higher quality of care. Absent relief, CHS would
gain additional leverage and be able to demand higher reimbursement
rates from commercial health plans, and would have reduced incentives
to maintain and improve its quality of care. Ultimately, these effects
are felt by local patients in the form of higher premiums, co-pays, and
out-of-pocket costs, as well as reduced access to high-quality care.
New entry or expansion is unlikely to deter or counteract the
anticompetitive effects of the proposed acquisition in either market.
Alabama's Certificate of Need (``CON'') statute poses a regulatory
hurdle that must be overcome before constructing new healthcare
facilities, expanding or modifying existing facilities, or altering
inpatient services. South Carolina has a similar CON statute.
Significant entry barriers also include the time and costs associated
with constructing or expanding a general acute care hospital. There is
no evidence of planned entry into either market or any evidence that
there is unmet demand for GAC services in either market that might spur
entry or expansion. Thus, it is unlikely that new entry or expansion
sufficient to achieve a significant market impact will occur in a
timely manner in either market.
[[Page 5412]]
IV. The Proposed Consent Agreement
The proposed Consent Agreement remedies the anticompetitive
concerns in both local markets. The proposed Consent Agreement would
maintain competition in the Gadsden Area by requiring CHS to divest
Riverview and its associated operations and businesses. Similarly, the
proposed Consent Agreement would fully maintain competition in the
Darlington County Area by requiring CHS to divest Carolina Pines and
its associated operations and businesses. Any potential buyer for
either hospital is subject to the prior approval of the Commission.
The proposed Consent Agreement also requires CHS to provide
transitional services to the approved acquirers for one year, as
needed, to assist the acquirers with operating the divested assets as
viable and ongoing businesses. Until the divestitures are completed,
CHS is required to hold Riverview and Carolina Pines separate, subject
to the standard terms of the Order to Hold Separate and Maintain
Assets. The proposed order also appoints Curtis Lane, the senior
managing director of MTS Health Partners, LP, as Hold Separate Monitor
to oversee CHS's compliance with the Order to Hold Separate and
Maintain Assets. Finally, the proposed order contains a ten-year prior
notice requirement for acquisitions of GAC services providers in the
Gadsden, Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area or in the Florence,
South Carolina Metropolitan Statistical Area, as well as compliance
reporting requirements.
The hospitals to be divested are each stand-alone businesses and
include all of the assets and real property necessary for a Commission-
approved buyer to compete immediately and effectively in each relevant
market. In addition to divestiture of the actual facilities at issue,
CHS has agreed to divest the rights to all intellectual property,
including the facility names, and all provider and health plan
contracts associated with the facilities. Although the competitive
concerns relate to GAC services to commercially insured patients only,
the proposed order contemplates divestiture of all services and
operations that are affiliated with the facility or facilities to be
divested that are necessary to be a viable business. Specifically, CHS
will divest all outpatient operations and businesses, including
outpatient physician practices, associated with each hospital. This
requirement is consistent with similar divestitures in prior Commission
actions.
The sole purpose of this analysis is to facilitate public comment
on the Consent Agreement. This analysis does not constitute an official
interpretation of the Consent Agreement or modify its terms in any way.
By direction of the Commission.
Donald S. Clark,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2014-01942 Filed 1-30-14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6750-01-P