Request for Comment on Application of Commission Regulations to Swaps Between Non-U.S. Swap Dealers and Non-U.S. Counterparties Involving Personnel or Agents of the Non-U.S. Swap Dealers Located in the United States, 1347-1349 [2014-00080]
Download as PDF
Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 5 / Wednesday, January 8, 2014 / Proposed Rules
(202) 267–9677, to request a copy of
Advisory Circular No. 11–2A, Notice of
Proposed Rulemaking Distribution
System, which describes the application
procedure.
mstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS
The Proposal
This action proposes to amend Title
14, Code of Federal Regulations (14
CFR), Part 71 by establishing Class E
airspace extending upward from 700
feet above the surface within a 6.3-mile
radius to accommodate new standard
instrument approach procedures at
Warsaw Municipal Airport, Warsaw,
MO. Controlled airspace is needed for
the safety and management of IFR
operations at the airport.
Class E airspace areas are published
in Paragraph 6005 of FAA Order
7400.9X, dated August 7, 2013 and
effective September 15, 2013, which is
incorporated by reference in 14 CFR
71.1. The Class E airspace designation
listed in this document would be
published subsequently in the Order.
The FAA has determined that this
proposed regulation only involves an
established body of technical
regulations for which frequent and
routine amendments are necessary to
keep them operationally current. It,
therefore, (1) is not a ‘‘significant
regulatory action’’ under Executive
Order 12866; (2) is not a ‘‘significant
rule’’ under DOT Regulatory Policies
and Procedures (44 FR 11034; February
26, 1979); and (3) does not warrant
preparation of a Regulatory Evaluation
as the anticipated impact is so minimal.
Since this is a routine matter that will
only affect air traffic procedures and air
navigation, it is certified that this rule,
when promulgated, will not have a
significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities
under the criteria of the Regulatory
Flexibility Act.
The FAA’s authority to issue rules
regarding aviation safety is found in
Title 49 of the U.S. Code. Subtitle 1,
Section 106 describes the authority of
the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII,
Aviation Programs, describes in more
detail the scope of the agency’s
authority. This rulemaking is
promulgated under the authority
described in Subtitle VII, Part A,
Subpart I, Section 40103. Under that
section, the FAA is charged with
prescribing regulations to assign the use
of airspace necessary to ensure the
safety of aircraft and the efficient use of
airspace. This regulation is within the
scope of that authority as it would
establish controlled airspace at Warsaw
Municipal Airport, Warsaw, MO.
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16:18 Jan 07, 2014
Jkt 232001
Environmental Review
This proposal will be subject to an
environmental analysis in accordance
with FAA Order 1050.1E,
‘‘Environmental Impacts: Policies and
Procedures’’ prior to any FAA final
regulatory action.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 71
Airspace, Incorporation by reference,
Navigation (air).
In consideration of the foregoing, the
Federal Aviation Administration
proposes to amend 14 CFR part 71 as
follows:
PART 71—DESIGNATION OF CLASS A,
B, C, D, AND E AIRSPACE AREAS; AIR
TRAFFIC SERVICE ROUTES; AND
REPORTING POINTS
1. The authority citation for part 71
continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g); 40103, 40113,
40120; E.O. 10854, 24 FR 9565, 3 CFR, 1959–
1963 Comp., p. 389.
[Amended]
2. The incorporation by reference in
14 CFR 71.1 of FAA Order 7400.9X,
Airspace Designations and Reporting
Points, dated August 7, 2013, and
effective September 15, 2013, is
amended as follows:
■
Paragraph 6005 Class E Airspace areas
extending upward from 700 feet or more
above the surface of the earth.
*
*
*
ACE MO E5
*
*
Warsaw, MO [New]
Warsaw Municipal Airport, MO
(Lat. 38°20′52″ N., long. 93°20′43″ W.)
That airspace extending upward from 700
feet above the surface within a 6.3-mile
radius of Warsaw Municipal Airport
Issued in Fort Worth, TX, on December 18,
2013.
David P. Medina,
Manager, Operations Support Group, ATO
Central Service Center.
[FR Doc. 2014–00113 Filed 1–7–14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
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COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING
COMMISSION
17 CFR Chapter I
Request for Comment on Application
of Commission Regulations to Swaps
Between Non-U.S. Swap Dealers and
Non-U.S. Counterparties Involving
Personnel or Agents of the Non-U.S.
Swap Dealers Located in the United
States
Commodity Futures Trading
Commission.
ACTION: Request for comment.
AGENCY:
The Proposed Amendment
§ 71.1
1347
The Commodity Futures
Trading Commission (‘‘Commission’’) is
requesting comment on an advisory
issued by Commission staff on
November 14, 2013 (the ‘‘Staff
Advisory’’), regarding the applicability
of certain Commission regulations to the
activity in the United States of swap
dealers (‘‘SDs’’) and major swap
participants (‘‘MSPs’’) registered with
the Commission that are established in
jurisdictions other than the United
States (whether an affiliate or not of a
U.S. person, a ‘‘non-U.S. SD’’ or ‘‘nonU.S. MSP’’).
DATES: Comments must be received on
or before March 10, 2014.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments
by any of the following methods:
• The agency’s Web site, at https://
comments.cftc.gov. Follow the
instructions for submitting comments
through the Web site.
• Mail: Melissa D. Jurgens, Secretary
of the Commission, Commodity Futures
Trading Commission, Three Lafayette
Centre, 1155 21st Street NW.,
Washington, DC 20581.
• Hand Delivery/Courier: Same as
mail above.
• Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://
www.regulations.gov. Follow the
instructions for submitting comments.
Please submit your comments using
only one method.
All comments must be submitted in
English, or if not, accompanied by an
English translation. Comments may be
posted as received to https://
www.cftc.gov. You should submit only
information that you wish to make
available publicly. If you wish the
Commission to consider information
that may be exempt from disclosure
under the Freedom of Information Act,
a petition for confidential treatment of
the exempt information may be
submitted according to the established
procedures in CFTC Regulation 145.9
(17 CFR 145.9).
The Commission reserves the right,
but shall have no obligation, to review,
SUMMARY:
E:\FR\FM\08JAP1.SGM
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1348
Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 5 / Wednesday, January 8, 2014 / Proposed Rules
pre-screen, filter, redact, refuse, or
remove any or all of your submission
from www.cftc.gov that it may deem to
be inappropriate for publication, such as
obscene language. All submissions that
have been redacted or removed that
contain comments on the merits of the
rulemaking will be retained in the
public comment file and will be
considered as required under the
Administrative Procedure Act and other
applicable laws, and may be accessible
under the Freedom of Information Act.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Gary
Barnett, Director, 202–418–5977,
gbarnett@cftc.gov, or Frank Fisanich,
Chief Counsel, 202–418–5949,
ffisanich@cftc.gov, Division of Swap
Dealer and Intermediary Oversight,
Commodity Futures Trading
Commission, Three Lafayette Centre,
1155 21st Street NW., Washington, DC
20581.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
On July 21, 2010, President Obama
signed the Dodd-Frank Wall Street
Reform and Consumer Protection Act 1
(‘‘Dodd-Frank Act’’ or ‘‘Dodd-Frank’’),
which, in Title VII, established a new
regulatory framework for swaps.
In the three years since the enactment
of Dodd-Frank, the Commission has
finalized 68 rules, orders, and guidance
statements in the process of
implementing Title VII of the DoddFrank Act. The finalized rules
promulgated under section 4s of the
CEA, added by the Dodd-Frank Act,
address registration of SDs and MSPs
and other substantive requirements
applicable to SDs and MSPs, while
guidance published by the Commission
provided the Commission’s general
views regarding the scope of the crossborder application of such rules.2
Among other things, the Guidance sets
forth the Commission’s general views on
how it ordinarily expects to apply, in
accordance with section 2(i) of the CEA,
the CEA and certain Commission
regulations applicable on a transactionby-transaction basis (the ‘‘transactional
requirements’’) to swaps between a nonU.S. SD and a non-U.S. person,
including swaps involving guaranteed
or conduit affiliates of U.S. persons.3 In
mstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS
1 Public
Law 111–203, 124 Stat. 1376 (2010).
Interpretive Guidance and Policy Statement
Regarding Compliance with Certain Swap
Regulations 78 FR 45292 (July 26, 2013)
(hereinafter, the ‘‘Guidance’’).
3 For purposes of this notice, the Commission
would generally interpret the terms ‘‘U.S. person,’’
‘‘guaranteed affiliate,’’ and ‘‘affiliate conduit’’ in the
same way as described in the Guidance, 78 FR at
45316–45317, 45350–45359. The Commission uses
the term ‘‘non-U.S. person’’ to refer to any person
outside its interpretation of the term ‘‘U.S. person.’’
2 See
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16:18 Jan 07, 2014
Jkt 232001
addition, the Guidance addressed the
circumstances under which the
transactional requirements could be
satisfied through substituted
compliance.4
With few exceptions, the delayed
compliance dates for the Commission’s
regulations implementing requirements
of section 4s of the CEA have passed
and SDs and MSPs are now required to
be in full compliance with such
regulations upon registration with the
Commission.5
Subsequent to publication of the
Guidance, swap market participants
have raised questions with Commission
staff regarding compliance by non-U.S.
SDs with the transactional requirements
when using personnel or agents located
in the United States to enter into swaps
with non-U.S. persons. In other words,
swap market participants have asked
whether the transactional requirements
would apply to these swaps (and if so,
whether substituted compliance may be
available for these swaps) even though
such swaps are between two non-U.S.
persons, regardless of whether the
activities of the non-U.S. SD that lead to
such swaps take place in the United
States.
In response to these inquires, the Staff
Advisory 6 was issued, stating that for
swaps between a non-U.S. SD and a
non-U.S. person, the transactional
requirements either do not apply or, in
some cases, may be subject to
substituted compliance if the activities
of the non-U.S. SD take place outside
the United States. The Staff Advisory
further stated that, for transactions
arranged, executed, or negotiated by
personnel or agents located in the
United States of non-U.S. SDs (whether
affiliates or not of a U.S. person)
regularly using personnel or agents
4 The Guidance generally describes the policy and
procedural framework under which the
Commission would consider a substituted
compliance program with respect to Commission
regulations applicable to non-U.S. SDs. Specifically,
the Commission described circumstances where it
expected that compliance with a comparable
regulatory requirement of a foreign jurisdiction
would serve as a reasonable substitute for
compliance with the attendant requirements of the
CEA and the Commission’s regulations, 78 FR at
45342–45344.
5 The compliance dates are summarized on the
Compliance Dates page of the Commission’s Web
site. (https://www.cftc.gov/LawRegulation/
DoddFrankAct/ComplianceDates/index.htm.)
6 Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary
Oversight, Applicability of Transaction-Level
Requirements to Activity in the United States, Nov.
14, 2013. Available at: https://www.cftc.gov/ucm/
groups/public/@1rlettergeneral/documents/letter/
13-69.pdf. As stated in the Staff Advisory, the
advisory, and the views expressed therein,
represent the views of the Division of Swap Dealer
and Intermediary Oversight only, and do not
represent the position or view of the Commission
or of any other office or division of the Commission.
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Frm 00015
Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
located in the U.S. to arrange, negotiate,
or execute swaps with non-U.S. persons
(the ‘‘Covered Transactions’’), the nonU.S. SD generally would be required to
comply with the transactional
requirements. The Staff Advisory
further stated that this view would also
apply to a Covered Transaction booked
in a non-U.S. branch of the non-U.S.
SD.7
The Commission notes that
subsequent to the Staff Advisory, the
Commission’s Divisions of Swap Dealer
and Intermediary Oversight, Market
Oversight, and Clearing and Risk
provided non-U.S. SDs time-limited
staff no-action relief from certain
transactional requirements for Covered
Transactions,8 and have recently
extended such relief until September 15,
2014, subject to certain terms and
conditions stated in such Divisions’ noaction letter.9
II. Request for Comment
In view of the complex legal and
policy issues involved with respect to
the Staff Advisory, the Commission is
soliciting comment from all interested
parties to further inform the
Commission’s and its staff’s
deliberations regarding the subjects
addressed in the Staff Advisory.
Accordingly, the Commission
requests comment on all aspects of the
Staff Advisory, including but not
limited to the following points. If a
comment relates to one of the specific
points noted below, please identify the
point by number and provide a detailed
rationale supporting the response.
1. The Commission invites comment
on whether the Commission should
adopt the Staff Advisory as Commission
policy, in whole or in part.
2. The Commission invites
commenters to provide their views on
whether transactional requirements
should apply to Covered Transactions
with non-U.S. persons who are not
guaranteed or conduit affiliates of U.S.
persons. Please provide a detailed
analysis of any such view and its effect
on other aspects of the Commission’s
cross-border policy, if any.
3. The Commission invites comment
on whether there should be any
differentiation in treatment of swaps
with non-U.S. counterparties depending
on the nature of the SD (i.e., whether it
is a guaranteed affiliate or a conduit
affiliate of a U.S. person).
7 See
the Staff Advisory, supra note 6.
CFTC Staff Letter 13–71, available on the
Commission’s Web site: https://www.cftc.gov/ucm/
groups/public/@lrlettergeneral/documents/letter/
13-71.pdf.
9 See CFTC Staff Letter 14–01, available on the
Commission’s Web site.
8 See
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Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 5 / Wednesday, January 8, 2014 / Proposed Rules
4. To the extent a non-U.S. SD must
comply with the transactional
requirements when entering a Covered
Transaction, should the non-U.S. SD be
able to rely on a substituted compliance
program for purposes of complying with
the relevant transactional requirements?
If so, should substituted compliance be
available for all transactional
requirements or only specific
requirements? Which requirements?
Would the response be different
depending on the nature of the
counterparty (i.e., whether the non-U.S.
counterparty is a guaranteed affiliate or
a conduit affiliate of a U.S. person)?
5. The Commission invites comment
on the meaning of ‘‘regularly’’ in the
phrase ‘‘persons regularly arranging,
negotiating, or executing swaps for or on
behalf of an SD’’ and whether such
persons are performing core, front-office
activities of that SD’s swap dealing
business. If not, what specific activities
would constitute the core, front-office
activities of an SD’s swap dealing
business? What characteristics or factors
distinguish a ‘‘core, front-office’’ activity
from other activities? Please be
exhaustive in describing such activities.
6. The Commission invites comment
on the scope and degree of ‘‘arranging,
negotiating, or executing’’ swaps as used
in this context.
Issued in Washington, DC, on January 3,
2014, by the Commission.
Melissa D. Jurgens,
Secretary of the Commission.
Appendices To Request for Comment
on Application of Commission
Regulations to Swaps Between NonU.S. Swap Dealers and Non-U.S.
Counterparties Involving Personnel or
Agents of the Non-U.S. Swap Dealers
Located in the United States
Appendix 1—Commission Voting
Summary
On this matter, Chairman Gensler and
Commissioners Chilton and Wetjen voted in
the affirmative. Commissioner O’Malia voted
in the negative.
mstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS
Appendix 2—Dissenting Statement of
Commissioner Scott D. O’Malia
If you thought that the Commission’s
approach last year regarding cross-border
issues resulted in an unsound rulemaking
process, the start of 2014 is no better.
Today’s announcement of the request for
comment on a staff Advisory abrogates the
Commission’s fundamental legal obligations
under the Administrative Procedure Act
(‘‘APA’’) and provides another example of
the Commission’s unsound rule
implementation process.
Making matters worse, today’s request for
comment is completely outside the scope of
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16:18 Jan 07, 2014
Jkt 232001
the cross-border Guidance and the Exemptive
Order as the Commission did not address the
issue relating to swaps negotiated between
non-U.S. swap dealers (‘‘SDs’’) and non-U.S.
counterparties acting through agents of the
non-U.S. SDs located in the United States.
This is simply a strategic move by the
Commission to try to duck blame for
consistently circumventing the fundamental
tenets of the APA and failing to adhere
faithfully to the express congressional
directive to limit the extraterritorial
application of the Dodd-Frank Act to foreign
transactions that ‘‘have a direct and
significant connection with activities in, or
effect on, commerce of the United States.’’ 1
Moreover, I question why the Commission
has decided to request comment on a narrow
issue of the extraterritorial application of
Dodd-Frank, while essentially ignoring the
dozens of comments already filed as part of
the Commission’s cross-border Exemptive
Order.2 Simply requesting comment on a
staff Advisory does not endorse the validity
of the cross-border Guidance or the staff
Advisory issued based on the Guidance.
Additionally, I have serious concerns with
the evolving jurisdictional application of the
Commission’s authority over cross-border
trades. It appears based on the staff Advisory,
that the Commission is applying a
‘‘territorial’’ jurisdiction test to elements of a
trade between non-U.S. entities. To better
understand the legal underpinnings of this
position, I have included several additional
questions to be considered as part of the
overall comment file. It is my hope that
public comments will provide greater clarity
regarding our cross-border authority and
identify areas where we must harmonize
global rules with our international regulatory
partners in the near future. It makes no sense
to apply guidance or staff advisories that do
not enjoy the full support and authority
provided through rulemakings based on the
Commodity Exchange Act (‘‘CEA’’).
Looking forward into this year, the CFTC
needs to do away with the reflexive rule
implementation process via staff no-action
and advisories that are not voted on by the
Commission. It should be the goal of the
Commission to develop rules that adhere to
the APA and ensure proper regulatory
oversight, transparency and promote
competition in the derivatives space.
In this regard, I would like to seek
additional comment on the following points:
1. Please provide your views on whether
Covered Transactions with non-U.S. persons
who are not guaranteed or conduit affiliates
of U.S. persons meet the direct and
significant test under CEA section 2(i).3
Please provide a detailed analysis of any
such view and its effect on other aspects of
the Commission’s cross-border policy, if any.
Would your view change depending on
whether a non-U.S. SD is a guaranteed
17
U.S.C. 2(i).
Statement of Dissent by Commissioner Scott
D. O’Malia, Interpretive Guidance and Policy
Statement Regarding Compliance With Certain
Swap Regulations and Related Exemptive Order,
July 12, 2013, https://www.cftc.gov/PressRoom/
SpeechesTestimony/omaliastatement071213b.
3 7 U.S.C. 2(i).
2 See
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Fmt 4702
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1349
affiliate or a conduit affiliate of a U.S.
person?
2. CEA section 2(a)(1) 4 provides for the
general jurisidiction of the Commission.
Please provide your views on whether
Covered Transactions with non-U.S. persons
who are not guaranteed or conduit affiliates
of U.S. persons fall within the Commission’s
jurisdiction under CEA section 2(a)(1) or any
other provision of the CEA providing for
Commission jurisdiction. Please provide a
detailed analysis of any such view and its
effect on other aspects of the Commission’s
cross-border policy, if any. Would your view
change depending on the nature of the nonU.S. SD (i.e., whether it is a guaranteed
affiliate or a conduit affiliate of a U.S.
person)?
3. To the extent that Covered Transactions
fall within the Commission’s jurisdiction,
should a non-U.S. SD be required to comply
with all, or only certain, Transaction-Level
Requirements? Please provide a detailed
analysis of any such view and its effect on
other aspects of the Commission’s crossborder policy, if any. Would your view
change depending on the nature of the nonU.S. SD (i.e., whether it is a guaranteed
affiliate or a conduit affiliate of a U.S.
person)?
4. In the open meeting to consider the
cross-border final guidance and cross-border
phase-in exemptive order, I asked about the
Commission’s enforcement and legal
authority under the cross-border guidance.
The Commission’s General Counsel replied,
‘‘[T]he guidance itself is not binding strictly.
We couldn’t go into court and, in a count of
the complaint, list a violation of the guidance
as an actionable claim.’’ 5 If the Commission
adopts the staff Advisory as Commission
policy (and not through the rulemaking
process), please provide your views on the
Commission’s ability to enforce such policy.
[FR Doc. 2014–00080 Filed 1–7–14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6351–01–P
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA–R06–OAR–2010–0335; FRL–9905–04–
Region 6]
Approval and Promulgation of
Implementation Plans; Texas;
Procedures for Stringency
Determinations and Minor Permit
Revisions for Federal Operating
Permits
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Withdrawal of proposed rule.
AGENCY:
On September 10, 2013, the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
SUMMARY:
47
U.S.C. 2(a)(1).
of Open Meeting to Consider CrossBorder Final Guidance and Cross-Border Phase-In
Exemptive Order (July 12, 2013), page 79.
5 Transcript
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 79, Number 5 (Wednesday, January 8, 2014)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 1347-1349]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2014-00080]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION
17 CFR Chapter I
Request for Comment on Application of Commission Regulations to
Swaps Between Non-U.S. Swap Dealers and Non-U.S. Counterparties
Involving Personnel or Agents of the Non-U.S. Swap Dealers Located in
the United States
AGENCY: Commodity Futures Trading Commission.
ACTION: Request for comment.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (``Commission'') is
requesting comment on an advisory issued by Commission staff on
November 14, 2013 (the ``Staff Advisory''), regarding the applicability
of certain Commission regulations to the activity in the United States
of swap dealers (``SDs'') and major swap participants (``MSPs'')
registered with the Commission that are established in jurisdictions
other than the United States (whether an affiliate or not of a U.S.
person, a ``non-U.S. SD'' or ``non-U.S. MSP'').
DATES: Comments must be received on or before March 10, 2014.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments by any of the following methods:
The agency's Web site, at https://comments.cftc.gov. Follow
the instructions for submitting comments through the Web site.
Mail: Melissa D. Jurgens, Secretary of the Commission,
Commodity Futures Trading Commission, Three Lafayette Centre, 1155 21st
Street NW., Washington, DC 20581.
Hand Delivery/Courier: Same as mail above.
Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov.
Follow the instructions for submitting comments.
Please submit your comments using only one method.
All comments must be submitted in English, or if not, accompanied
by an English translation. Comments may be posted as received to https://www.cftc.gov. You should submit only information that you wish to make
available publicly. If you wish the Commission to consider information
that may be exempt from disclosure under the Freedom of Information
Act, a petition for confidential treatment of the exempt information
may be submitted according to the established procedures in CFTC
Regulation 145.9 (17 CFR 145.9).
The Commission reserves the right, but shall have no obligation, to
review,
[[Page 1348]]
pre-screen, filter, redact, refuse, or remove any or all of your
submission from www.cftc.gov that it may deem to be inappropriate for
publication, such as obscene language. All submissions that have been
redacted or removed that contain comments on the merits of the
rulemaking will be retained in the public comment file and will be
considered as required under the Administrative Procedure Act and other
applicable laws, and may be accessible under the Freedom of Information
Act.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Gary Barnett, Director, 202-418-5977,
gbarnett@cftc.gov, or Frank Fisanich, Chief Counsel, 202-418-5949,
ffisanich@cftc.gov, Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight,
Commodity Futures Trading Commission, Three Lafayette Centre, 1155 21st
Street NW., Washington, DC 20581.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
On July 21, 2010, President Obama signed the Dodd-Frank Wall Street
Reform and Consumer Protection Act \1\ (``Dodd-Frank Act'' or ``Dodd-
Frank''), which, in Title VII, established a new regulatory framework
for swaps.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Public Law 111-203, 124 Stat. 1376 (2010).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the three years since the enactment of Dodd-Frank, the
Commission has finalized 68 rules, orders, and guidance statements in
the process of implementing Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Act. The
finalized rules promulgated under section 4s of the CEA, added by the
Dodd-Frank Act, address registration of SDs and MSPs and other
substantive requirements applicable to SDs and MSPs, while guidance
published by the Commission provided the Commission's general views
regarding the scope of the cross-border application of such rules.\2\
Among other things, the Guidance sets forth the Commission's general
views on how it ordinarily expects to apply, in accordance with section
2(i) of the CEA, the CEA and certain Commission regulations applicable
on a transaction-by-transaction basis (the ``transactional
requirements'') to swaps between a non-U.S. SD and a non-U.S. person,
including swaps involving guaranteed or conduit affiliates of U.S.
persons.\3\ In addition, the Guidance addressed the circumstances under
which the transactional requirements could be satisfied through
substituted compliance.\4\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ See Interpretive Guidance and Policy Statement Regarding
Compliance with Certain Swap Regulations 78 FR 45292 (July 26, 2013)
(hereinafter, the ``Guidance'').
\3\ For purposes of this notice, the Commission would generally
interpret the terms ``U.S. person,'' ``guaranteed affiliate,'' and
``affiliate conduit'' in the same way as described in the Guidance,
78 FR at 45316-45317, 45350-45359. The Commission uses the term
``non-U.S. person'' to refer to any person outside its
interpretation of the term ``U.S. person.''
\4\ The Guidance generally describes the policy and procedural
framework under which the Commission would consider a substituted
compliance program with respect to Commission regulations applicable
to non-U.S. SDs. Specifically, the Commission described
circumstances where it expected that compliance with a comparable
regulatory requirement of a foreign jurisdiction would serve as a
reasonable substitute for compliance with the attendant requirements
of the CEA and the Commission's regulations, 78 FR at 45342-45344.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
With few exceptions, the delayed compliance dates for the
Commission's regulations implementing requirements of section 4s of the
CEA have passed and SDs and MSPs are now required to be in full
compliance with such regulations upon registration with the
Commission.\5\
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\5\ The compliance dates are summarized on the Compliance Dates
page of the Commission's Web site. (https://www.cftc.gov/LawRegulation/DoddFrankAct/ComplianceDates/index.htm.)
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Subsequent to publication of the Guidance, swap market participants
have raised questions with Commission staff regarding compliance by
non-U.S. SDs with the transactional requirements when using personnel
or agents located in the United States to enter into swaps with non-
U.S. persons. In other words, swap market participants have asked
whether the transactional requirements would apply to these swaps (and
if so, whether substituted compliance may be available for these swaps)
even though such swaps are between two non-U.S. persons, regardless of
whether the activities of the non-U.S. SD that lead to such swaps take
place in the United States.
In response to these inquires, the Staff Advisory \6\ was issued,
stating that for swaps between a non-U.S. SD and a non-U.S. person, the
transactional requirements either do not apply or, in some cases, may
be subject to substituted compliance if the activities of the non-U.S.
SD take place outside the United States. The Staff Advisory further
stated that, for transactions arranged, executed, or negotiated by
personnel or agents located in the United States of non-U.S. SDs
(whether affiliates or not of a U.S. person) regularly using personnel
or agents located in the U.S. to arrange, negotiate, or execute swaps
with non-U.S. persons (the ``Covered Transactions''), the non-U.S. SD
generally would be required to comply with the transactional
requirements. The Staff Advisory further stated that this view would
also apply to a Covered Transaction booked in a non-U.S. branch of the
non-U.S. SD.\7\
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\6\ Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight,
Applicability of Transaction-Level Requirements to Activity in the
United States, Nov. 14, 2013. Available at: https://www.cftc.gov/ucm/groups/public/@1rlettergeneral/documents/letter/13-69.pdf. As stated
in the Staff Advisory, the advisory, and the views expressed
therein, represent the views of the Division of Swap Dealer and
Intermediary Oversight only, and do not represent the position or
view of the Commission or of any other office or division of the
Commission.
\7\ See the Staff Advisory, supra note 6.
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The Commission notes that subsequent to the Staff Advisory, the
Commission's Divisions of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight,
Market Oversight, and Clearing and Risk provided non-U.S. SDs time-
limited staff no-action relief from certain transactional requirements
for Covered Transactions,\8\ and have recently extended such relief
until September 15, 2014, subject to certain terms and conditions
stated in such Divisions' no-action letter.\9\
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\8\ See CFTC Staff Letter 13-71, available on the Commission's
Web site: https://www.cftc.gov/ucm/groups/public/@lrlettergeneral/documents/letter/13-71.pdf.
\9\ See CFTC Staff Letter 14-01, available on the Commission's
Web site.
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II. Request for Comment
In view of the complex legal and policy issues involved with
respect to the Staff Advisory, the Commission is soliciting comment
from all interested parties to further inform the Commission's and its
staff's deliberations regarding the subjects addressed in the Staff
Advisory.
Accordingly, the Commission requests comment on all aspects of the
Staff Advisory, including but not limited to the following points. If a
comment relates to one of the specific points noted below, please
identify the point by number and provide a detailed rationale
supporting the response.
1. The Commission invites comment on whether the Commission should
adopt the Staff Advisory as Commission policy, in whole or in part.
2. The Commission invites commenters to provide their views on
whether transactional requirements should apply to Covered Transactions
with non-U.S. persons who are not guaranteed or conduit affiliates of
U.S. persons. Please provide a detailed analysis of any such view and
its effect on other aspects of the Commission's cross-border policy, if
any.
3. The Commission invites comment on whether there should be any
differentiation in treatment of swaps with non-U.S. counterparties
depending on the nature of the SD (i.e., whether it is a guaranteed
affiliate or a conduit affiliate of a U.S. person).
[[Page 1349]]
4. To the extent a non-U.S. SD must comply with the transactional
requirements when entering a Covered Transaction, should the non-U.S.
SD be able to rely on a substituted compliance program for purposes of
complying with the relevant transactional requirements? If so, should
substituted compliance be available for all transactional requirements
or only specific requirements? Which requirements? Would the response
be different depending on the nature of the counterparty (i.e., whether
the non-U.S. counterparty is a guaranteed affiliate or a conduit
affiliate of a U.S. person)?
5. The Commission invites comment on the meaning of ``regularly''
in the phrase ``persons regularly arranging, negotiating, or executing
swaps for or on behalf of an SD'' and whether such persons are
performing core, front-office activities of that SD's swap dealing
business. If not, what specific activities would constitute the core,
front-office activities of an SD's swap dealing business? What
characteristics or factors distinguish a ``core, front-office''
activity from other activities? Please be exhaustive in describing such
activities.
6. The Commission invites comment on the scope and degree of
``arranging, negotiating, or executing'' swaps as used in this context.
Issued in Washington, DC, on January 3, 2014, by the Commission.
Melissa D. Jurgens,
Secretary of the Commission.
Appendices To Request for Comment on Application of Commission
Regulations to Swaps Between Non-U.S. Swap Dealers and Non-U.S.
Counterparties Involving Personnel or Agents of the Non-U.S. Swap
Dealers Located in the United States
Appendix 1--Commission Voting Summary
On this matter, Chairman Gensler and Commissioners Chilton and
Wetjen voted in the affirmative. Commissioner O'Malia voted in the
negative.
Appendix 2--Dissenting Statement of Commissioner Scott D. O'Malia
If you thought that the Commission's approach last year
regarding cross-border issues resulted in an unsound rulemaking
process, the start of 2014 is no better.
Today's announcement of the request for comment on a staff
Advisory abrogates the Commission's fundamental legal obligations
under the Administrative Procedure Act (``APA'') and provides
another example of the Commission's unsound rule implementation
process.
Making matters worse, today's request for comment is completely
outside the scope of the cross-border Guidance and the Exemptive
Order as the Commission did not address the issue relating to swaps
negotiated between non-U.S. swap dealers (``SDs'') and non-U.S.
counterparties acting through agents of the non-U.S. SDs located in
the United States. This is simply a strategic move by the Commission
to try to duck blame for consistently circumventing the fundamental
tenets of the APA and failing to adhere faithfully to the express
congressional directive to limit the extraterritorial application of
the Dodd-Frank Act to foreign transactions that ``have a direct and
significant connection with activities in, or effect on, commerce of
the United States.'' \1\
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\1\ 7 U.S.C. 2(i).
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Moreover, I question why the Commission has decided to request
comment on a narrow issue of the extraterritorial application of
Dodd-Frank, while essentially ignoring the dozens of comments
already filed as part of the Commission's cross-border Exemptive
Order.\2\ Simply requesting comment on a staff Advisory does not
endorse the validity of the cross-border Guidance or the staff
Advisory issued based on the Guidance.
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\2\ See Statement of Dissent by Commissioner Scott D. O'Malia,
Interpretive Guidance and Policy Statement Regarding Compliance With
Certain Swap Regulations and Related Exemptive Order, July 12, 2013,
https://www.cftc.gov/PressRoom/SpeechesTestimony/omaliastatement071213b.
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Additionally, I have serious concerns with the evolving
jurisdictional application of the Commission's authority over cross-
border trades. It appears based on the staff Advisory, that the
Commission is applying a ``territorial'' jurisdiction test to
elements of a trade between non-U.S. entities. To better understand
the legal underpinnings of this position, I have included several
additional questions to be considered as part of the overall comment
file. It is my hope that public comments will provide greater
clarity regarding our cross-border authority and identify areas
where we must harmonize global rules with our international
regulatory partners in the near future. It makes no sense to apply
guidance or staff advisories that do not enjoy the full support and
authority provided through rulemakings based on the Commodity
Exchange Act (``CEA'').
Looking forward into this year, the CFTC needs to do away with
the reflexive rule implementation process via staff no-action and
advisories that are not voted on by the Commission. It should be the
goal of the Commission to develop rules that adhere to the APA and
ensure proper regulatory oversight, transparency and promote
competition in the derivatives space.
In this regard, I would like to seek additional comment on the
following points:
1. Please provide your views on whether Covered Transactions
with non-U.S. persons who are not guaranteed or conduit affiliates
of U.S. persons meet the direct and significant test under CEA
section 2(i).\3\ Please provide a detailed analysis of any such view
and its effect on other aspects of the Commission's cross-border
policy, if any. Would your view change depending on whether a non-
U.S. SD is a guaranteed affiliate or a conduit affiliate of a U.S.
person?
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\3\ 7 U.S.C. 2(i).
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2. CEA section 2(a)(1) \4\ provides for the general
jurisidiction of the Commission. Please provide your views on
whether Covered Transactions with non-U.S. persons who are not
guaranteed or conduit affiliates of U.S. persons fall within the
Commission's jurisdiction under CEA section 2(a)(1) or any other
provision of the CEA providing for Commission jurisdiction. Please
provide a detailed analysis of any such view and its effect on other
aspects of the Commission's cross-border policy, if any. Would your
view change depending on the nature of the non-U.S. SD (i.e.,
whether it is a guaranteed affiliate or a conduit affiliate of a
U.S. person)?
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\4\ 7 U.S.C. 2(a)(1).
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3. To the extent that Covered Transactions fall within the
Commission's jurisdiction, should a non-U.S. SD be required to
comply with all, or only certain, Transaction-Level Requirements?
Please provide a detailed analysis of any such view and its effect
on other aspects of the Commission's cross-border policy, if any.
Would your view change depending on the nature of the non-U.S. SD
(i.e., whether it is a guaranteed affiliate or a conduit affiliate
of a U.S. person)?
4. In the open meeting to consider the cross-border final
guidance and cross-border phase-in exemptive order, I asked about
the Commission's enforcement and legal authority under the cross-
border guidance. The Commission's General Counsel replied, ``[T]he
guidance itself is not binding strictly. We couldn't go into court
and, in a count of the complaint, list a violation of the guidance
as an actionable claim.'' \5\ If the Commission adopts the staff
Advisory as Commission policy (and not through the rulemaking
process), please provide your views on the Commission's ability to
enforce such policy.
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\5\ Transcript of Open Meeting to Consider Cross-Border Final
Guidance and Cross-Border Phase-In Exemptive Order (July 12, 2013),
page 79.
[FR Doc. 2014-00080 Filed 1-7-14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6351-01-P