Exemption From Licensing for Disposal of Low-Activity Radioactive Waste at the US Ecology Idaho Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Disposal Facility, 65390-65392 [2013-25965]
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65390
Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 211 / Thursday, October 31, 2013 / Notices
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diffusion process. PGDP was last issued
a renewed CoC on December 31, 2008,
with an expiration date of December 31,
2013.
By letter dated April 2, 2013 (GDP 13–
0010, ADAMS Accession No.
ML13105A010), USEC submitted its
renewal application in accordance with
10 CFR part 76. In its application, USEC
requested that the NRC renew the CoC
for a 5-year period with an expiration
date of December 31, 2018.
On May 22, 2013 (78 FR 30342), the
NRC published in the Federal Register
a notice of the Certificate renewal
request and opportunity to comment.
The notice stated that a public meeting
would be conducted in the vicinity of
the PGDP in July of 2013, in accordance
with 10 CFR 76.39. An NRC
administrative review, documented in
an electronic communication to USEC
dated May 31, 2013 (ADAMS Accession
No. ML13151A356), found the
application sufficient to begin a
technical review, in accordance with 10
CFR 76.36.
II. Discussion
In a letter dated June 3, 2013, in
accordance with 10 CFR 76.66(b), USEC
notified the NRC of its decision to
terminate its uranium enrichment
operations at the PGDP. USEC stated
that it plans to continue managing its
inventory of NRC-regulated material,
and conduct clean-up related activities
under its existing CoC, before returning
the PGDP facilities to DOE in 2014.
Once USEC has completed these
activities, it will request termination of
the CoC.
In accordance with 10 CFR 76.55, if
a sufficient application for a CoC is
timely filed, the existing CoC does not
expire until a final determination on the
application is made by the NRC. As
stated above, USEC’s renewal
application was found to be sufficient to
begin a technical review, and it was
timely because it was filed prior to April
15, 2013, as required by 10 CFR 76.31.
Therefore, the existing CoC may remain
in force after its December 31, 2013,
expiration date, until the NRC makes a
final determination on the renewal
application. Based on USEC’s decision
to terminate its uranium enrichment
operations at PGDP, the NRC’s Office of
Nuclear Materials Safety and Safeguards
has suspended its review of USEC’s
April 2, 2013, renewal application. As a
result, the NRC will not meet the 10
CFR 76.43 requirement that final NRC
decisions on renewal applications be
made within 6 months of receipt, and is
therefore publishing this notice in
accordance with 10 CFR 76.43. The NRC
will establish a date for making its
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19:21 Oct 30, 2013
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renewal decision if USEC changes the
termination plans described in its June
3, 2013, letter.
USEC’s activities at the PGDP will
continue to be governed by the existing
CoC until its termination, and the NRC
will continue monitoring USEC’s
security and control of nuclear material,
decontamination, decommissioning,
and waste disposal.
Once the NRC receives USEC’s
request for CoC termination, the NRC
will start the decertification process and
coordinate with USEC and DOE to
ensure that an appropriate transition of
regulatory authority from the NRC to the
DOE occurs. Upon the CoC’s
termination, DOE will assume
responsibility and regulatory authority
of the PGDP facility.
The NRC intends to conduct a public
meeting as part of the PGDP
decertification process to allow USEC,
DOE, relevant stakeholders, and
members of the public to ask questions
about the NRC process for terminating
the CoC at the PGDP. A notice of this
meeting will be posted on the NRC’s
Web site, https://www.nrc.gov/publicinvolve/public-meetings/index.cfm.
Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 22 day
of October, 2013.
For the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory
Commission.
Catherine Haney,
Director, Office of Nuclear Material Safety
and Safeguards.
[FR Doc. 2013–25966 Filed 10–30–13; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7590–01–P
NUCLEAR REGULATORY
COMMISSION
[Docket No. 040–38368; NRC–2013–0241]
Exemption From Licensing for
Disposal of Low-Activity Radioactive
Waste at the US Ecology Idaho
Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act Disposal Facility
Nuclear Regulatory
Commission.
ACTION: Environmental assessment and
finding of no significant impact;
issuance.
AGENCY:
The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory
Commission (NRC) is issuing an
environmental assessment (EA) and
finding of no significant impact for the
exemption from licensing for disposal of
low-activity radioactive waste from the
Safety Light Corporation (SLC) site in
Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania, at the US
Ecology Idaho (USEI) Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
Subtitle C disposal facility near Grand
View, Idaho.
SUMMARY:
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Please refer to Docket ID
NRC–2013–0241 when contacting the
NRC about the availability of
information regarding this document.
You may access publicly-available
information related to this action by the
following methods:
• Federal Rulemaking Web site: Go to
https://www.regulations.gov and search
for Docket ID NRC–2013–0241. Address
questions about NRC dockets to Carol
Gallagher; telephone: 301–287–3422;
email: Carol.Gallagher@nrc.gov. For
technical questions, contact the
individual(s) listed in the FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT section of this
document.
• NRC’s Agencywide Documents
Access and Management System
(ADAMS): You may access publicly
available documents online in the NRC
Library at https://www.nrc.gov/readingrm/adams.html. To begin the search,
select ‘‘ADAMS Public Documents’’ and
then select ‘‘Begin Web-based ADAMS
Search.’’ For problems with ADAMS,
please contact the NRC’s Public
Document Room (PDR) reference staff at
1–800–397–4209, 301–415–4737, or by
email to pdr.resource@nrc.gov.
• NRC’s PDR: You may examine and
purchase copies of public documents at
the NRC’s PDR, Room O1–F21, One
White Flint North, 11555 Rockville
Pike, Rockville, Maryland 20852.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr.
Stephen Lemont, Office of Federal and
State Materials and Environmental
Management Programs, U.S. Nuclear
Regulatory Commission, Washington,
DC 20555–0001, telephone: 301–415–
5163, email: Stephen.Lemont@nrc.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
ADDRESSES:
I. Introduction
The NRC staff is considering a request
from the US Ecology, Inc. (US Ecology),
dated July 7, 2013 (ADAMS Accession
No. ML13198A017), for exemption from
licensing to receive and dispose of
approximately 7,640 cubic meters
(270,000 cubic feet) of low-activity
radioactive wastes at the USEI RCRA
Subtitle C hazardous and low-activity
radioactive waste facility located near
Grand View, Idaho. The wastes would
consist of bulk debris and materials
from the demolition of structures on the
SLC site in Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania.
This proposed NRC action would
exempt the USEI site from Atomic
Energy Act and NRC licensing
requirements.
The term ‘‘low-activity waste’’ does
not have a statutory or regulatory
definition, but generally means wastes
that contain some residual radioactivity,
including naturally occurring
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radionuclides, which can be safely and
economically disposed of in hazardous
or municipal solid waste landfills rather
than in low-level radioactive waste
(LLRW) disposal facilities. Such waste
is invariably a fraction of the limits for
Class A LLRW contained in part 61 of
Title 10 of the Code of Federal
Regulations (10 CFR), and is often below
concentrations that are considered safe
for unrestricted release under
international standards.
The SLC site (also known as the SLC
Superfund Site) was listed on the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency’s
(USEPA’s) National Priorities List on
April 27, 2005, and is presently the
subject of a remedial action under the
Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability
Act (CERCLA). The USEPA is the lead
agency for the remedial action. Section
121(d)(3) of CERCLA applies in any
CERCLA response action involving offsite transfer of any hazardous substance,
or pollutant or contaminant (CERCLA
wastes). This section of the statute is
interpreted in the USEPA’s Offsite Rule
(OSR) (40 CFR 300.440), which requires
that CERCLA wastes may only be placed
in a facility operating in compliance
with RCRA or other applicable Federal
or State requirements. Therefore, the
subject waste from the SLC site must be
disposed at an appropriate offsite
disposal facility pursuant to the OSR.
The request to the NRC by US Ecology
was made under the alternate disposal
provision contained in 10 CFR 20.2002
and the exemption provision in 10 CFR
30.11. The Regulations in 10 CFR
20.2001 identify the mechanisms by
which a licensee may lawfully dispose
of its licensed radioactive waste. It
contains seven different disposal paths,
including 10 CFR 20.2002, a provision
for ‘‘alternative disposal’’
authorizations. Section 20.2002 is a
general provision that allows for other
disposal methods, different from those
already defined in the NRC’s
regulations, provided that radiation
doses are maintained as low as is
reasonably achievable (ALARA) and
within the dose limits in 10 CFR part
20. In practice, § 20.2002 is most often
used for disposal of low-activity waste
in hazardous or solid waste landfills
that are permitted under RCRA.
In Pennsylvania, where the SLC site is
located, is an NRC Agreement State,
while Idaho, where the USEI RCRA
disposal facility is located, is not an
Agreement State. As a RCRA facility,
USEI is permitted and regulated by the
Idaho Department of Environmental
Quality (IDEQ), not the NRC. Idaho
regulations and USEI’s RCRA permit
provide for the acceptance and disposal
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of the low-activity waste material with
appropriate NRC exemptions and
approval. According to the NRC’s March
13, 2012, letter to all Agreement States
(ADAMS Accession No. ML12065A038),
‘‘Clarification of the Authorization for
Alternate Disposal of Material Issued
under 10 CFR 20.2002 and Exemption
Provisions in 10 CFR (FSME–12–025),’’
there are various approaches that should
be taken when both Agreement States
and non-Agreement States are involved
in the § 20.2002 exemption process. The
present action falls under Situation #3
in that letter, which addresses the
course of action when an Agreement
State licensee requests authorization
under the State’s § 20.2002-equivalent
regulation to dispose of material at an
unlicensed facility in a non-Agreement
State. According to Situation #3,
. . . both the Agreement State and the NRC
would need to become involved. The
Agreement State that regulates the license
seeking to dispose of the material at an
unlicensed facility in another state would
need to approve disposal under the
Agreement State’s 20.2002-equivalent
regulation. The unlicensed facility would
then need to obtain a license or an exemption
from the NRC prior to accepting the material
for disposal.
Accordingly, in a letter dated June 11,
2013 (ADAMS Accession No.
ML13296A534), the Pennsylvania
Department of Environmental Protection
informed the USEPA that it had
authorized offsite disposal of the subject
material from the SLC site in a
controlled environment, such as that
provided by a RCRA Subtitle C
hazardous waste disposal facility.
Approval of the US Ecology request to
the NRC would satisfy the requirements
of FSME–12–025 Situation #3, the State
of Idaho and USEI’s RCRA permit, and
allow the material to be transported to
USEI for disposal.
II. Environmental Assessment
Summary
Under the requirements of 10 CFR
51.21 and 51.30(a), the NRC staff
developed an EA (ADAMS Accession
No. ML13296A807) in support of the
proposed federal action, which is for the
NRC to grant an exemption from
licensing to US Ecology for the USEI
RCRA Subtitle C hazardous and lowactivity radioactive waste facility,
located near Grand View, Idaho, to
receive and dispose of approximately
7,640 cubic meters (270,000 cubic feet)
of low-activity radioactive wastes,
consisting of bulk debris and materials
from the demolition of buildings on the
SLC site in Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania.
If the NRC exemption is granted, the
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65391
waste could be transported from the
SLC site for disposal at the USEI facility.
Radionuclides present in the waste
materials originated from the
production of luminous materials and
other commercial products and are
expected to be primarily surface and
volumetric contaminants on walls,
ceilings, floors, and other equipment.
The waste will also include debris and
materials associated with or contained
within the buildings, such as furniture,
ductwork, lighting, wiring, process
equipment, metal sheet, and some
asbestos-containing material in the form
of roofing, floor tile and siding. Specific
radionuclides expected in the waste
include Actinium-227, Americium-241,
Cesium-137, Cobalt-60, Lead-210,
Neptunium-237, Nickel-63, Radium226, Strontium-90, and Tritium.
Radionuclide concentrations are not
expected to exceed any USEI waste
acceptance criteria (WAC), and any
material identified that could cause a
shipment to exceed the USEI WAC will
be segregated and disposed at an
appropriately licensed LLRW disposal
facility. The remedial action is not
expected to generate RCRA hazardous
wastes. However, if small quantities of
hazardous wastes are generated, they
will be segregated and initially
separated from the main building debris
for classification and radiological
assessment. Hazardous waste materials
found to contain radiological
contaminants will be treated (by microand/or macro-encapsulation) and
disposed at USEI under the RCRA
permit and WAC. If organic compounds
that require treatment are present,
appropriate methods will be used to
treat the organics prior to any
stabilization for disposal.
The USEI site comprises an
approximately 65-hectare (160-acre)
hazardous waste treatment, storage and
disposal facility. The facility is
permitted under Subtitle C of RCRA and
under the Toxic Substances Control Act
(TSCA) to treat and dispose of RCRA
and TSCA wastes, as well as a wide
range of low-activity radioactive wastes
and other wastes. The operating
disposal area includes two active
landfill disposal cells and four surface
impoundment disposal units. The site is
located in the semi-arid Owyhee Desert
where there is limited precipitation. The
site’s arid climate, deep groundwater,
and favorable soil and geologic
conditions serve to promote waste
isolation.
The information on environmental
impacts presented in the EA is focused
on those environmental resource areas
for which the NRC staff understands
that potential impacts of the proposed
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65392
Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 211 / Thursday, October 31, 2013 / Notices
action could occur. Both potential
radiological and non-radiological
impacts were considered. If the NRC
grants the exemption, the low-activity
SLC waste would be disposed of at the
USEI site. The USEI site includes an
operating disposal facility, and
disposition of the low-activity SLC
waste would occur in an existing waste
disposal cell at the site. The NRC staff
concludes that USEI facility’s RCRA
permit requirements, site and facility
design features, and engineering and
administrative controls ensure the
protection of workers, members of the
public, and the environment. Also, prior
major earth disturbances to create the
waste disposal cell and other site
facilities, and ongoing site operations
associated with waste handling and
disposal would preclude the existence
of listed threatened or endangered
species or critical habitat and of historic
properties.
The US Ecology request (ADAMS
Accession No. ML13198A017) includes
a radiological dose assessment for the
transport and disposal of the SLC waste
material. According to 10 CFR 20.2002,
the analysis must show that the
radiological doses arising from the
proposed action will be ALARA and
within the 10 CFR part 20 dose limits.
The dose assessment evaluates worker
doses for transporting the material to
USEI, doses for the onsite workers at the
USEI facility, and landfill post closure
doses for members of the general public.
The analysis used Microshield and
RESRAD Version 6.5, as appropriate, to
calculate the doses. The NRC staff
reviewed and evaluated this dose
assessment and performed independent
dose calculations, and found the dose
assessment to be acceptable under 10
CFR part 20.
The dose assessment uses a
conservative source term and sitespecific parameter values, and assessed
a range of possible exposure scenarios.
Estimated doses to workers associated
with both the transport and disposal
processes were all below 0.01
millisievert/year (mSv/yr) (1 millirem/
year (mrem/yr)). Regardless of the
radionuclide concentrations used, the
post-closure dose to a member of the
public was also below 0.01 mSv/yr
(1 mrem/yr). By comparison, the 10 CFR
part 20 dose limits, as total effective
dose equivalents, are 50 mSv/yr (5000
mrem/yr) to workers (10 CFR
20.1201(a)(1)(i)) and 1 mSv/yr (100
mrem/yr) to individual members of the
public (10 CFR 20.1301(a)(1)). Also,
based on the results of these analyses,
the staff concludes that the proposed
disposal action will not significantly
add to the annual cumulative dose from
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19:21 Oct 30, 2013
Jkt 232001
all exempted and naturally occurring
radioactive material received at the
USEI disposal facility.
As a result of the dose assessment and
other considerations, the staff concludes
that the exemption of the USEI site from
NRC licensing requirements will not
significantly increase the probability or
consequences of accidents, no changes
are being made in the types of any
effluents that may be released off site,
and there is no significant increase in
occupational or public radiation
exposure.
The staff considered the no-action
alternative as an alternative to the
proposed action. Under the no-action
alternative, the NRC would deny the
present US Ecology exemption request
and the SLC waste could not be received
and disposed at the USEI RCRA
disposal facility. However, the staff
assumes that the subject SLC waste
would still be generated under the
USEPA’s CERCLA response action and,
for this response action to be in
compliance with the OSR, the SLC
waste would still need to be transported
to and disposed at another acceptable
offsite facility. This facility could be
another appropriately permitted
disposal site, such as another RCRA
hazardous disposal facility, a municipal
landfill, or a licensed LLRW disposal
site. Under these circumstances, the
potential environmental impacts of the
proposed action and the no-action
alternative at the disposal facilities
would be similar, although denial of the
US Ecology request by the NRC may
result in delayed demolition of the
structures at the SLC site or delayed
offsite shipment of the demolition
wastes, potentially resulting in
increased exposure of site workers and
members of the public to the lowactivity materials. Also, disposal of the
material at a LLRW disposal facility
would be at higher cost than at a RCRA
hazardous waste landfill or municipal
landfill permitted to accept low-activity
radioactive wastes but with little or no
commensurate reduction of risk, and
disposal in a RCRA hazardous waste or
municipal landfill would conserve
LLRW disposal capacity for higher
activity wastes.
III. Finding of No Significant Impact
The NRC staff has prepared an EA in
support of the proposed action. The staff
has concluded that the proposed action,
for the NRC to grant an exemption from
licensing for the USEI RCRA Subtitle C
hazardous and low-activity radioactive
waste facility to receive and dispose of
specified low-activity radioactive wastes
from the SLC Superfund Site, will not
significantly impact the quality of the
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Sfmt 4703
human environment, and that the
proposed action is the preferred
alternative. The USEI site includes an
operating disposal facility where the
low-activity SLC waste would be
disposed of pursuant to a RCRA permit
in an existing waste disposal cell. The
protection of workers, members of the
public, and the environment are
ensured by USEI permit requirements,
site and facility design features, and
engineering and administrative controls.
Further, estimated radiological doses
associated with transport and disposal
of the waste to workers and members of
the public would be below 0.01 mSv/yr
(1 mrem/yr), which is orders of
magnitude below the 10 CFR part 20
dose limits of 50 mSv/yr (5000 mrem/
yr) to workers and 1 mSv/yr (100 mrem/
yr) to individual members of the public.
Also, the staff concludes that the
proposed disposal action will not
significantly add to the annual
cumulative dose from all exempted and
naturally occurring radioactive material
received at the USEI disposal facility.
On the basis of the conclusion of the
EA, the NRC finds that there are no
significant environmental impacts from
the proposed action, and that
preparation of an environmental impact
statement is not warranted.
Accordingly, the NRC has determined
that a Finding of No Significant Impact
is appropriate.
Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 25th day
of October 2013.
For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Kevin Hsueh,
Acting Deputy Director, Environmental
Protection and Performance Directorate,
Division of Waste Management and
Environmental Protection, Office of Federal
and State Materials and Environmental
Management Programs.
[FR Doc. 2013–25965 Filed 10–30–13; 8:45 am]
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DATES: Effective date: October 31, 2013.
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SUMMARY:
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 78, Number 211 (Thursday, October 31, 2013)]
[Notices]
[Pages 65390-65392]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2013-25965]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
[Docket No. 040-38368; NRC-2013-0241]
Exemption From Licensing for Disposal of Low-Activity Radioactive
Waste at the US Ecology Idaho Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Disposal Facility
AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
ACTION: Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact;
issuance.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is issuing an
environmental assessment (EA) and finding of no significant impact for
the exemption from licensing for disposal of low-activity radioactive
waste from the Safety Light Corporation (SLC) site in Bloomsburg,
Pennsylvania, at the US Ecology Idaho (USEI) Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA) Subtitle C disposal facility near Grand View,
Idaho.
ADDRESSES: Please refer to Docket ID NRC-2013-0241 when contacting the
NRC about the availability of information regarding this document. You
may access publicly-available information related to this action by the
following methods:
Federal Rulemaking Web site: Go to https://www.regulations.gov and search for Docket ID NRC-2013-0241. Address
questions about NRC dockets to Carol Gallagher; telephone: 301-287-
3422; email: Carol.Gallagher@nrc.gov. For technical questions, contact
the individual(s) listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section
of this document.
NRC's Agencywide Documents Access and Management System
(ADAMS): You may access publicly available documents online in the NRC
Library at https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html. To begin the
search, select ``ADAMS Public Documents'' and then select ``Begin Web-
based ADAMS Search.'' For problems with ADAMS, please contact the NRC's
Public Document Room (PDR) reference staff at 1-800-397-4209, 301-415-
4737, or by email to pdr.resource@nrc.gov.
NRC's PDR: You may examine and purchase copies of public
documents at the NRC's PDR, Room O1-F21, One White Flint North, 11555
Rockville Pike, Rockville, Maryland 20852.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. Stephen Lemont, Office of Federal
and State Materials and Environmental Management Programs, U.S. Nuclear
Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001, telephone: 301-415-
5163, email: Stephen.Lemont@nrc.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Introduction
The NRC staff is considering a request from the US Ecology, Inc.
(US Ecology), dated July 7, 2013 (ADAMS Accession No. ML13198A017), for
exemption from licensing to receive and dispose of approximately 7,640
cubic meters (270,000 cubic feet) of low-activity radioactive wastes at
the USEI RCRA Subtitle C hazardous and low-activity radioactive waste
facility located near Grand View, Idaho. The wastes would consist of
bulk debris and materials from the demolition of structures on the SLC
site in Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania. This proposed NRC action would exempt
the USEI site from Atomic Energy Act and NRC licensing requirements.
The term ``low-activity waste'' does not have a statutory or
regulatory definition, but generally means wastes that contain some
residual radioactivity, including naturally occurring
[[Page 65391]]
radionuclides, which can be safely and economically disposed of in
hazardous or municipal solid waste landfills rather than in low-level
radioactive waste (LLRW) disposal facilities. Such waste is invariably
a fraction of the limits for Class A LLRW contained in part 61 of Title
10 of the Code of Federal Regulations (10 CFR), and is often below
concentrations that are considered safe for unrestricted release under
international standards.
The SLC site (also known as the SLC Superfund Site) was listed on
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA's) National
Priorities List on April 27, 2005, and is presently the subject of a
remedial action under the Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). The USEPA is the lead agency
for the remedial action. Section 121(d)(3) of CERCLA applies in any
CERCLA response action involving off-site transfer of any hazardous
substance, or pollutant or contaminant (CERCLA wastes). This section of
the statute is interpreted in the USEPA's Offsite Rule (OSR) (40 CFR
300.440), which requires that CERCLA wastes may only be placed in a
facility operating in compliance with RCRA or other applicable Federal
or State requirements. Therefore, the subject waste from the SLC site
must be disposed at an appropriate offsite disposal facility pursuant
to the OSR.
The request to the NRC by US Ecology was made under the alternate
disposal provision contained in 10 CFR 20.2002 and the exemption
provision in 10 CFR 30.11. The Regulations in 10 CFR 20.2001 identify
the mechanisms by which a licensee may lawfully dispose of its licensed
radioactive waste. It contains seven different disposal paths,
including 10 CFR 20.2002, a provision for ``alternative disposal''
authorizations. Section 20.2002 is a general provision that allows for
other disposal methods, different from those already defined in the
NRC's regulations, provided that radiation doses are maintained as low
as is reasonably achievable (ALARA) and within the dose limits in 10
CFR part 20. In practice, Sec. 20.2002 is most often used for disposal
of low-activity waste in hazardous or solid waste landfills that are
permitted under RCRA.
In Pennsylvania, where the SLC site is located, is an NRC Agreement
State, while Idaho, where the USEI RCRA disposal facility is located,
is not an Agreement State. As a RCRA facility, USEI is permitted and
regulated by the Idaho Department of Environmental Quality (IDEQ), not
the NRC. Idaho regulations and USEI's RCRA permit provide for the
acceptance and disposal of the low-activity waste material with
appropriate NRC exemptions and approval. According to the NRC's March
13, 2012, letter to all Agreement States (ADAMS Accession No.
ML12065A038), ``Clarification of the Authorization for Alternate
Disposal of Material Issued under 10 CFR 20.2002 and Exemption
Provisions in 10 CFR (FSME-12-025),'' there are various approaches that
should be taken when both Agreement States and non-Agreement States are
involved in the Sec. 20.2002 exemption process. The present action
falls under Situation 3 in that letter, which addresses the
course of action when an Agreement State licensee requests
authorization under the State's Sec. 20.2002-equivalent regulation to
dispose of material at an unlicensed facility in a non-Agreement State.
According to Situation 3,
. . . both the Agreement State and the NRC would need to become
involved. The Agreement State that regulates the license seeking to
dispose of the material at an unlicensed facility in another state
would need to approve disposal under the Agreement State's 20.2002-
equivalent regulation. The unlicensed facility would then need to
obtain a license or an exemption from the NRC prior to accepting the
material for disposal.
Accordingly, in a letter dated June 11, 2013 (ADAMS Accession No.
ML13296A534), the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection
informed the USEPA that it had authorized offsite disposal of the
subject material from the SLC site in a controlled environment, such as
that provided by a RCRA Subtitle C hazardous waste disposal facility.
Approval of the US Ecology request to the NRC would satisfy the
requirements of FSME-12-025 Situation 3, the State of Idaho
and USEI's RCRA permit, and allow the material to be transported to
USEI for disposal.
II. Environmental Assessment Summary
Under the requirements of 10 CFR 51.21 and 51.30(a), the NRC staff
developed an EA (ADAMS Accession No. ML13296A807) in support of the
proposed federal action, which is for the NRC to grant an exemption
from licensing to US Ecology for the USEI RCRA Subtitle C hazardous and
low-activity radioactive waste facility, located near Grand View,
Idaho, to receive and dispose of approximately 7,640 cubic meters
(270,000 cubic feet) of low-activity radioactive wastes, consisting of
bulk debris and materials from the demolition of buildings on the SLC
site in Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania. If the NRC exemption is granted, the
waste could be transported from the SLC site for disposal at the USEI
facility.
Radionuclides present in the waste materials originated from the
production of luminous materials and other commercial products and are
expected to be primarily surface and volumetric contaminants on walls,
ceilings, floors, and other equipment. The waste will also include
debris and materials associated with or contained within the buildings,
such as furniture, ductwork, lighting, wiring, process equipment, metal
sheet, and some asbestos-containing material in the form of roofing,
floor tile and siding. Specific radionuclides expected in the waste
include Actinium-227, Americium-241, Cesium-137, Cobalt-60, Lead-210,
Neptunium-237, Nickel-63, Radium-226, Strontium-90, and Tritium.
Radionuclide concentrations are not expected to exceed any USEI waste
acceptance criteria (WAC), and any material identified that could cause
a shipment to exceed the USEI WAC will be segregated and disposed at an
appropriately licensed LLRW disposal facility. The remedial action is
not expected to generate RCRA hazardous wastes. However, if small
quantities of hazardous wastes are generated, they will be segregated
and initially separated from the main building debris for
classification and radiological assessment. Hazardous waste materials
found to contain radiological contaminants will be treated (by micro-
and/or macro-encapsulation) and disposed at USEI under the RCRA permit
and WAC. If organic compounds that require treatment are present,
appropriate methods will be used to treat the organics prior to any
stabilization for disposal.
The USEI site comprises an approximately 65-hectare (160-acre)
hazardous waste treatment, storage and disposal facility. The facility
is permitted under Subtitle C of RCRA and under the Toxic Substances
Control Act (TSCA) to treat and dispose of RCRA and TSCA wastes, as
well as a wide range of low-activity radioactive wastes and other
wastes. The operating disposal area includes two active landfill
disposal cells and four surface impoundment disposal units. The site is
located in the semi-arid Owyhee Desert where there is limited
precipitation. The site's arid climate, deep groundwater, and favorable
soil and geologic conditions serve to promote waste isolation.
The information on environmental impacts presented in the EA is
focused on those environmental resource areas for which the NRC staff
understands that potential impacts of the proposed
[[Page 65392]]
action could occur. Both potential radiological and non-radiological
impacts were considered. If the NRC grants the exemption, the low-
activity SLC waste would be disposed of at the USEI site. The USEI site
includes an operating disposal facility, and disposition of the low-
activity SLC waste would occur in an existing waste disposal cell at
the site. The NRC staff concludes that USEI facility's RCRA permit
requirements, site and facility design features, and engineering and
administrative controls ensure the protection of workers, members of
the public, and the environment. Also, prior major earth disturbances
to create the waste disposal cell and other site facilities, and
ongoing site operations associated with waste handling and disposal
would preclude the existence of listed threatened or endangered species
or critical habitat and of historic properties.
The US Ecology request (ADAMS Accession No. ML13198A017) includes a
radiological dose assessment for the transport and disposal of the SLC
waste material. According to 10 CFR 20.2002, the analysis must show
that the radiological doses arising from the proposed action will be
ALARA and within the 10 CFR part 20 dose limits. The dose assessment
evaluates worker doses for transporting the material to USEI, doses for
the onsite workers at the USEI facility, and landfill post closure
doses for members of the general public. The analysis used Microshield
and RESRAD Version 6.5, as appropriate, to calculate the doses. The NRC
staff reviewed and evaluated this dose assessment and performed
independent dose calculations, and found the dose assessment to be
acceptable under 10 CFR part 20.
The dose assessment uses a conservative source term and site-
specific parameter values, and assessed a range of possible exposure
scenarios. Estimated doses to workers associated with both the
transport and disposal processes were all below 0.01 millisievert/year
(mSv/yr) (1 millirem/year (mrem/yr)). Regardless of the radionuclide
concentrations used, the post-closure dose to a member of the public
was also below 0.01 mSv/yr (1 mrem/yr). By comparison, the 10 CFR part
20 dose limits, as total effective dose equivalents, are 50 mSv/yr
(5000 mrem/yr) to workers (10 CFR 20.1201(a)(1)(i)) and 1 mSv/yr (100
mrem/yr) to individual members of the public (10 CFR 20.1301(a)(1)).
Also, based on the results of these analyses, the staff concludes that
the proposed disposal action will not significantly add to the annual
cumulative dose from all exempted and naturally occurring radioactive
material received at the USEI disposal facility.
As a result of the dose assessment and other considerations, the
staff concludes that the exemption of the USEI site from NRC licensing
requirements will not significantly increase the probability or
consequences of accidents, no changes are being made in the types of
any effluents that may be released off site, and there is no
significant increase in occupational or public radiation exposure.
The staff considered the no-action alternative as an alternative to
the proposed action. Under the no-action alternative, the NRC would
deny the present US Ecology exemption request and the SLC waste could
not be received and disposed at the USEI RCRA disposal facility.
However, the staff assumes that the subject SLC waste would still be
generated under the USEPA's CERCLA response action and, for this
response action to be in compliance with the OSR, the SLC waste would
still need to be transported to and disposed at another acceptable
offsite facility. This facility could be another appropriately
permitted disposal site, such as another RCRA hazardous disposal
facility, a municipal landfill, or a licensed LLRW disposal site. Under
these circumstances, the potential environmental impacts of the
proposed action and the no-action alternative at the disposal
facilities would be similar, although denial of the US Ecology request
by the NRC may result in delayed demolition of the structures at the
SLC site or delayed offsite shipment of the demolition wastes,
potentially resulting in increased exposure of site workers and members
of the public to the low-activity materials. Also, disposal of the
material at a LLRW disposal facility would be at higher cost than at a
RCRA hazardous waste landfill or municipal landfill permitted to accept
low-activity radioactive wastes but with little or no commensurate
reduction of risk, and disposal in a RCRA hazardous waste or municipal
landfill would conserve LLRW disposal capacity for higher activity
wastes.
III. Finding of No Significant Impact
The NRC staff has prepared an EA in support of the proposed action.
The staff has concluded that the proposed action, for the NRC to grant
an exemption from licensing for the USEI RCRA Subtitle C hazardous and
low-activity radioactive waste facility to receive and dispose of
specified low-activity radioactive wastes from the SLC Superfund Site,
will not significantly impact the quality of the human environment, and
that the proposed action is the preferred alternative. The USEI site
includes an operating disposal facility where the low-activity SLC
waste would be disposed of pursuant to a RCRA permit in an existing
waste disposal cell. The protection of workers, members of the public,
and the environment are ensured by USEI permit requirements, site and
facility design features, and engineering and administrative controls.
Further, estimated radiological doses associated with transport and
disposal of the waste to workers and members of the public would be
below 0.01 mSv/yr (1 mrem/yr), which is orders of magnitude below the
10 CFR part 20 dose limits of 50 mSv/yr (5000 mrem/yr) to workers and 1
mSv/yr (100 mrem/yr) to individual members of the public. Also, the
staff concludes that the proposed disposal action will not
significantly add to the annual cumulative dose from all exempted and
naturally occurring radioactive material received at the USEI disposal
facility.
On the basis of the conclusion of the EA, the NRC finds that there
are no significant environmental impacts from the proposed action, and
that preparation of an environmental impact statement is not warranted.
Accordingly, the NRC has determined that a Finding of No Significant
Impact is appropriate.
Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 25th day of October 2013.
For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Kevin Hsueh,
Acting Deputy Director, Environmental Protection and Performance
Directorate, Division of Waste Management and Environmental Protection,
Office of Federal and State Materials and Environmental Management
Programs.
[FR Doc. 2013-25965 Filed 10-30-13; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7590-01-P