Withdrawal of Approval of Air Quality Implementation Plans and Findings of Failure To Submit Required Plans; California; San Joaquin Valley; 1-Hour and 8-Hour Ozone Extreme Area Plan Elements, 70376-70380 [2012-28217]
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70376
Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 227 / Monday, November 26, 2012 / Rules and Regulations
benefits of available regulatory
alternatives and, when regulation is
necessary, to select regulatory
approaches that maximize net benefits
(including potential economic,
environmental, public health and safety
effects, and other advantages;
distributive impacts; and equity).
Executive Order 13563 (Improving
Regulation and Regulatory Review)
emphasizes the importance of
quantifying both costs and benefits,
reducing costs, harmonizing rules, and
promoting flexibility. Executive Order
12866 (Regulatory Planning and
Review) defines a ‘‘significant
regulatory action,’’ which requires
review by the Office of Management and
Budget (OMB), as ‘‘any regulatory action
that is likely to result in a rule that may:
(1) Have an annual effect on the
economy of $100 million or more or
adversely affect in a material way the
economy, a sector of the economy,
productivity, competition, jobs, the
environment, public health or safety, or
State, local, or tribal governments or
communities; (2) create a serious
inconsistency or otherwise interfere
with an action taken or planned by
another agency; (3) materially alter the
budgetary impact of entitlements,
grants, user fees, or loan programs or the
rights and obligations of recipients
thereof; or (4) raise novel legal or policy
issues arising out of legal mandates, the
President’s priorities, or the principles
set forth in this Executive Order.’’
VA has examined the economic,
interagency, legal, and policy
implications of this final rule and has
determined that it is not a significant
regulatory action under Executive Order
12866.
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Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Secretary hereby certifies that
this final rule will not have a significant
economic impact on a substantial
number of small entities as they are
defined in the Regulatory Flexibility
Act, 5 U.S.C. 601 et seq. This final rule
will directly affect only individuals and
will not directly affect small entities.
Therefore, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 605(b),
this final rule is exempt from the initial
and final regulatory flexibility analysis
requirements of sections 603 and 604.
Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance
The catalog of Federal Domestic
Assistance Program number and the title
for this regulation is 64.103, Life
Insurance for Veterans.
Signing Authority
The Secretary of Veterans Affairs, or
designee, approved this document and
authorized the undersigned to sign and
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submit the document to the Office of the
Federal Register for publication
electronically as an official document of
the Department of Veterans Affairs. John
R. Gingrich, Chief of Staff, approved this
document on November 20, 2012, for
publication.
Authority: 38 U.S.C. 501, 1965–1980A,
unless otherwise noted.
EPA is withdrawing its March
8, 2010 final action approving State
Implementation Plan (SIP) revisions
submitted by California to provide for
attainment of the 1-hour ozone National
Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS) in the San Joaquin Valley
extreme ozone nonattainment area. In
addition, EPA is withdrawing its March
1, 2012 determination that the
California SIP satisfies the requirement
regarding offsetting emissions growth
caused by growth in vehicle miles
traveled (VMT) under the Clean Air Act
(CAA) for the 1997 8-hour ozone
NAAQS in the San Joaquin Valley.
Finally, EPA is finding that California
has failed to submit required SIP
revisions to provide for attainment of
the 1-hour ozone NAAQS and to
address the VMT emissions offset
requirement for the 1997 8-hour ozone
NAAQS in the San Joaquin Valley.
Under the CAA, these findings of failure
to submit trigger the 18-month time
clock for mandatory imposition of
sanctions and the two-year time clock
for EPA to promulgate federal
implementation plans.
§ 9.1
DATES:
List of Subjects in 38 CFR Part 9
Life insurance, Military personnel,
Veterans.
Dated: November 20, 2012.
Robert C. McFetridge,
Director of Regulation Policy and
Management, Office of the General Counsel,
Department of Veterans Affairs.
For the reasons stated in the
preamble, the Department of Veterans
Affairs is amending 38 CFR part 9 as
follows:
PART 9—SERVICEMEMBERS’ GROUP
LIFE INSURANCE AND VETERANS’
GROUP LIFE INSURANCE
1. The authority citation for part 9
continues to read as follows:
■
[Amended]
2. Amend § 9.1(k)(1) by removing
‘‘natural’’ and adding, in its place,
‘‘biological’’.
■ 3. Amend § 9.5 by adding paragraph
(f) and revising the authority citation at
the end of the section to read as follows:
■
SUMMARY:
The rule is effective November
26, 2012.
[FR Doc. 2012–28611 Filed 11–23–12; 8:45 am]
EPA has established docket
number EPA–R09–OAR–2012–0734 for
this action. The index to the docket is
available electronically at
www.regulations.gov and in hard copy
at EPA Region 9, 75 Hawthorne Street,
San Francisco, California. While all
documents in the docket are listed in
the index, some may be publicly
available only at the hard copy location
(e.g., copyrighted material) and some
may not be publicly available at either
location (e.g., CBI). To inspect the hard
copy materials, please schedule an
appointment during normal business
hours with the contact listed in the FOR
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
BILLING CODE 8320–01–P
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
§ 9.5
Payment of proceeds.
*
*
*
*
*
(f) If a stillborn child is otherwise
eligible to be insured by the
Servicemembers’ Group Life Insurance
coverage of more than one member, the
child shall be insured by the coverage
of the child’s insured biological mother.
(Authority: 38 U.S.C. 501(a), 1965(10),
1967(a)(4)(B))
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA–R09–OAR–2012–0734; FRL–9753–4]
Withdrawal of Approval of Air Quality
Implementation Plans and Findings of
Failure To Submit Required Plans;
California; San Joaquin Valley; 1-Hour
and 8-Hour Ozone Extreme Area Plan
Elements
U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Final rule.
AGENCY:
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ADDRESSES:
Frances Wicher, Air Planning Office
(AIR–2), (415) 972–3957,
wicher.frances@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Throughout this document, ‘‘we’’, ‘‘us’’
and ‘‘our’’ refer to EPA.
Table of Contents
I. San Joaquin Valley 2004 1-Hour Ozone
Plan
A. Withdrawal of EPA’s Approval of the
2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan
B. Finding of Failure To Submit a SIP To
Provide for Attainment of the 1-Hour
Ozone Standards in the SJV Extreme 1Hour Ozone Nonattainment Area
II. VMT Emissions Offset Requirement for the
1997 8-Hour Ozone Standards
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A. Withdrawal of EPA’s Determination
That the 2007 8-Hour Ozone Plan
Satisfies the VMT Emissions Offset
Requirement in CAA Section
182(d)(1)(A)
B. Finding of Failure To Submit a SIP
Meeting the CAA Section 182(d)(1)(A)
VMT Emissions Offset Requirement for
the SJV Extreme 8-Hour Ozone
Nonattainment Area
III. Final Actions
IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
I. San Joaquin Valley 2004 1-Hour
Ozone Plan
A. Withdrawal of EPA’s Approval of the
2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan
EPA is withdrawing its March 8, 2010
final action approving SIP revisions
submitted by California under the CAA
to provide for attainment of the 1-hour
ozone national ambient air quality
standards (NAAQS) in the San Joaquin
Valley (SJV) extreme ozone
nonattainment area (2004 1-Hour Ozone
Plan) (75 FR 10420). The effect of this
action is to entirely withdraw the 2004
1-Hour Ozone Plan from the applicable
California SIP. We proposed this action
on September 19, 2012 (77 FR 58078)
and provided a 30-day period for the
public to submit comments. We
received no comments.
EPA is taking this action in response
to a decision of the U.S. Court of
Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in Sierra
Club et. al v. EPA, 671 F.3d 955 (9th Cir.
2012) (Sierra Club). For further
background on this court decision and
EPA’s rationale for today’s action,
please see our proposed rule at 77 FR
58078.
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B. Finding of Failure To Submit a SIP
To Provide for Attainment of the 1-Hour
Ozone Standards in the SJV Extreme 1Hour Ozone Nonattainment Area
Following our proposed rule to
withdraw our March 8, 2010 approval of
the 2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan into the
SIP, California submitted a letter stating
its intention to withdraw its submission
of this plan to EPA, effective
immediately upon EPA’s final
withdrawal of the March 8, 2010
approval. See letter dated October 15,
2012, from James N. Goldstene,
Executive Officer, California Air
Resources Board, to Jared Blumenfeld,
Regional Administrator, EPA Region 9.
As a consequence of EPA’s final
withdrawal of our approval of the 2004
1-Hour Ozone Plan and California’s
simultaneous withdrawal of the 2004 1Hour Ozone Plan from EPA, the State is
now in default of its obligation to
submit a SIP to provide for attainment
of the 1-hour ozone NAAQS in the SJV
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extreme ozone nonattainment area.1
Therefore, simultaneously with this
withdrawal of approval, EPA is finding
that California has failed to submit an
extreme area plan to provide for
attainment of the 1-hour ozone NAAQS
in the SJV nonattainment area.
As explained in our proposed rule (77
FR at 58079–80), the plan elements
under subparts 1 and 2 of part D, title
I of the CAA that California is required
to submit for the 1-hour ozone NAAQS
for the SJV are as follows: (1) A rate of
progress (ROP) demonstration meeting
the requirements of CAA sections
172(c)(2) and 182(c)(2); (2) ROP
contingency measures meeting the
requirements of CAA sections 172(c)(9)
and 182(c)(9); (3) an attainment
demonstration meeting the requirements
of CAA sections 182(c)(2)(A) and
172(a)(2); (4) attainment contingency
measures meeting the requirements of
CAA sections 172(c)(9); (5) a reasonably
available control measures (RACM)
demonstration meeting the requirements
of CAA section 172(c)(1); (6) provisions
satisfying the requirements for clean
fuels/clean technologies for boilers in
CAA 182(e)(3); and (7) provisions
satisfying the vehicle miles traveled
(VMT) provisions of CAA section
182(d)(1)(A). See 40 CFR 51.905(a)(1)
and 51.900(f); see also 75 FR 10420,
10436–37.
This finding of failure to submit is not
subject to the notice-and-comment
requirements of the Administrative
Procedure Act (APA), 5 U.S.C. 553(b).
EPA believes that because of the limited
time provided by the CAA to make
findings of failure to submit, Congress
did not intend such findings to be
subject to notice-and-comment
rulemaking. However, to the extent such
findings are subject to notice-andcomment rulemaking, we invoke the
good cause exception pursuant to APA
section 553(b)(3)(B). Notice and
comment are unnecessary because no
EPA judgment is involved in making a
non-substantive finding of failure to
submit SIPs required by the CAA.
Furthermore, notice and comment
would be contrary to the public interest
1 California was obligated to submit SIP revisions
to address the requirement in CAA section
182(d)(1)(A) regarding offsetting emissions growth
caused by growth in VMT for the 1-hour ozone
standard in SJV no later than May 31, 2002, and
additional SIP revisions meeting the CAA’s extreme
area requirements for the 1-hour ozone standard in
SJV no later than November 15, 2004. See 66 FR
56476, 56481 (November 8, 2001) (final rule finding
that SJV failed to attain 1-hour ozone NAAQS by
applicable attainment date and reclassifying SJV
from ‘‘serious’’ to ‘‘severe’’ nonattainment, effective
December 10, 2001) and 69 FR 20550 (April 16,
2004) (final rule reclassifying SJV from ‘‘severe’’ to
‘‘extreme’’ nonattainment for 1-hour ozone NAAQS,
effective May 17, 2004).
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because it would divert EPA resources
from the critical substantive review of
complete SIPs. See 58 FR 51270, 51272,
note 7 (October 1, 1993); 59 FR 39832,
39853 (August 4, 1994).
II. VMT Emissions Offset Requirement
for 1997 8-Hour Ozone Standards
A. Withdrawal of EPA’s Determination
That the 2007 8-Hour Ozone Plan
Satisfies the VMT Emissions Offset
Requirement in CAA Section
182(d)(1)(A)
EPA is withdrawing its March 1, 2012
determination that California’s SIP to
provide for attainment of the 1997 8hour ozone NAAQS 2 in the SJV extreme
ozone nonattainment area (2007 8-Hour
Ozone Plan) satisfies the requirement
regarding emissions growth caused by
growth in vehicle miles traveled in CAA
section 182(d)(1)(A) for the 1997 8-hour
ozone NAAQS. Section 182(d)(1)(A) of
the Act requires, in relevant part, that
each state containing a ‘‘severe’’ or
‘‘extreme’’ ozone nonattainment area
submit a SIP revision that identifies and
adopts specific enforceable
transportation control strategies and
measures to offset any growth in
emissions from growth in vehicle miles
traveled or numbers of vehicle trips in
the area (VMT emissions offset
requirement).3 We proposed this action
on September 19, 2012 (77 FR 58078)
and provided a 30-day period for the
public to submit comments. We
received no comments.
EPA is taking this action in response
to a decision of the U.S. Court of
Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in
Association of Irritated Residents v.
EPA, 632 F.3d 584 (9th Cir. 2011),
reprinted as amended on January 27,
2012, 686 F.3d 668, further amended
February 13, 2012 (AIR). For further
background on this court decision and
EPA’s rationale for today’s action,
please see our proposed rule at 77 FR
58078.
This withdrawal of approval is
limited to our determination that the
2007 8-Hour Ozone Plan satisfies the
VMT emissions offset requirement in
CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) for the 1997 8hour ozone NAAQS. All other
determinations in our March 1, 2012
final rule approving the 2007 8-Hour
Ozone Plan at 77 FR 12652 remain
unchanged and in effect.
2 All references in this preamble to the 8-hour
NAAQS are to the 0.08 parts per million standards
established in 1997 at 40 CFR 50.10(b).
3 CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) also requires states to
adopt transportation control strategies and
measures as necessary to demonstrate attainment
and reasonable further progress. These
requirements of section 182(d)(1)(A) are not at issue
in this action.
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B. Finding of Failure To Submit a SIP
Meeting the CAA Section 182(d)(1)(A)
VMT Emissions Offset Requirement for
the SJV 8-Hour Ozone Nonattainment
Area
EPA’s determination that the 2007 8Hour Ozone Plan satisfies the VMT
emissions offset requirement for the
1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS was made in
the absence of any specific
demonstration submitted by the State
for this purpose and was based on EPA’s
evaluation of emissions inventory data
submitted as part of the 2007 8-Hour
Ozone Plan. See 76 FR 57846, 57863
(September 16, 2011) and 77 FR 12652,
12666 and 12670 (March 1, 2012). Thus,
as a consequence of our withdrawal of
our determination that the 2007 8-Hour
Ozone Plan satisfies the VMT emissions
offset requirement in CAA section
182(d)(1)(A), California is now in
default of its obligation to submit a SIP
revision meeting this CAA requirement
for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS in
the SJV extreme ozone nonattainment
area.4 Therefore, simultaneously with
this withdrawal of approval, EPA is
finding that California has failed to
submit a required SIP revision to meet
the VMT emissions offset requirement
in CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) for the 1997
8-hour ozone NAAQS in the SJV
extreme ozone nonattainment area.
This finding of failure to submit is not
subject to the notice-and-comment
requirements of the APA. EPA believes
that because of the limited time
provided by the CAA to make findings
of failure to submit, Congress did not
intend such findings to be subject to
notice-and-comment rulemaking.
However, to the extent such findings are
subject to notice-and-comment
rulemaking, we invoke the good cause
exception pursuant to APA section
553(b)(3)(B). Notice and comment are
unnecessary because no EPA judgment
is involved in making a non-substantive
finding of failure to submit SIPs
required by the CAA. Furthermore,
notice and comment would be contrary
to the public interest because it would
divert EPA resources from the critical
substantive review of complete SIPs.
4 Consistent with CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) and
EPA’s implementation regulations for the 1997 8hour ozone NAAQS at 40 CFR part 51, subpart X,
we interpret the 2-year timeframe for submission of
the VMT emissions offset SIP for the 1997 8-hour
ozone NAAQS to run from the effective date of
EPA’s reclassification of SJV from ‘‘serious’’ to
‘‘extreme’’ nonattainment for this standard.
Accordingly, California was obligated to submit a
VMT emissions offset SIP for the 1997 8-hour ozone
NAAQS for the SJV area no later than June 4, 2012.
See 75 FR 24409 (May 5, 2010) (final rule
reclassifying SJV from ‘‘serious’’ to ‘‘extreme’’
nonattainment for 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS,
effective June 4, 2010).
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See 58 FR 51270, 51272, note 7 (October
1, 1993); 59 FR 39832, 39853 (August 4,
1994).
III. Final Actions
A. Withdrawals of Approvals
EPA is withdrawing its March 8, 2010
final action approving the 2004 1-Hour
Ozone Plan, which California submitted
to provide for attainment of the 1-hour
ozone NAAQS in the SJV extreme ozone
nonattainment area (75 FR 10420,
March 8, 2010).
In addition, EPA is withdrawing its
March 1, 2012 determination that the
2007 8-Hour Ozone Plan, which
California submitted to provide for
attainment of the 1997 8-hour ozone
NAAQS in the SJV, satisfies the VMT
emissions offset requirement in CAA
section 182(d)(1)(A) for the 1997 8-hour
ozone NAAQS in the SJV extreme ozone
nonattainment area (77 FR 12652 at
12670, March 1, 2012).
B. Findings of Failure To Submit
Required SIP Revisions
As a consequence of EPA’s final
withdrawal of our previous approval of
the 2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan and
California’s simultaneous withdrawal of
its submission of the 2004 1-Hour
Ozone Plan, EPA is finding that
California has failed to submit a
required SIP revision to provide for
attainment of the 1-hour ozone NAAQS
in the SJV extreme ozone nonattainment
area.
In addition, as a consequence of
EPA’s withdrawal of our determination
that the 2007 8-Hour Ozone Plan
satisfies the VMT emissions offset
requirement in CAA section
182(d)(1)(A) for the 1997 8-hour ozone
NAAQS, EPA is finding that California
has failed to submit a required SIP
revision that identifies and adopts
transportation control strategies and
measures to offset any growth in
emissions from growth in VMT or the
numbers of vehicle trips as required by
CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) for the 1997 8hour ozone NAAQS in the SJV extreme
ozone nonattainment area.
Under CAA section 179(a), a finding
of failure to submit a plan or plan
element required by part D of title I of
the Act triggers sanction clocks under
CAA section 179(b). These clocks run
from the effective date of EPA’s finding.
The first sanction, the offset sanction in
CAA section 179(b)(2), will apply in the
SJV extreme ozone nonattainment area
18 months from November 26, 2012.
The second sanction, highway funding
sanctions in CAA section 179(b)(1), will
apply in the area six months after the
offset sanction is imposed, in
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accordance with 40 CFR 52.31. The
State can end these sanction clocks or
lift any imposed sanctions by making
complete SIP submittals addressing the
CAA’s extreme area requirements for the
1-hour ozone NAAQS and the VMT
emissions offset requirement for the
1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS in the SJV
area.
In addition to these sanctions, CAA
section 110(c)(1) provides that EPA
must promulgate a federal
implementation plan addressing the
CAA’s extreme area requirements for the
1-hour ozone NAAQS and the VMT
emissions offset requirement for the
1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS in the SJV
area, no later than two years after
November 26, 2012, unless the State
submits and EPA approves SIP revisions
addressing these requirements before
that date.
C. Effective Date Under the
Administrative Procedure Act
These actions will be effective on
November 26, 2012. Under APA section
553(d)(3), an agency rulemaking may
take effect before 30 days after the date
of publication in the Federal Register if
an agency has good cause to specify an
earlier effective date. Today’s actions to
withdraw EPA’s previous approval of
the 2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan and to
withdraw EPA’s previous determination
that the 2007 8-Hour Ozone Plan
satisfies the VMT emissions offset
requirement in CAA section
182(d)(1)(A) for the 1997 8-hour ozone
NAAQS are being taken in response to
the Ninth Circuit’s decisions in the
Sierra Club and AIR decisions, as
discussed above and in our proposed
rule. The purpose of a delayed effective
date is to ensure that regulated entities
have advance notice of obligations with
which they must comply. Because
today’s withdrawal actions do not place
a burden on any entity, a delayed
compliance date is unnecessary.
Moreover, because the court has ruled
that these prior determinations were
inconsistent with the CAA, it is in the
public interest for the effective date of
our actions withdrawing these
approvals to become effective
immediately. These reasons support an
effective date prior to 30 days after the
date of publication of these withdrawals
of approval.
In addition, EPA’s finding that
California has failed to submit an
extreme area plan to provide for
attainment of the 1-hour ozone NAAQS
in the SJV is a necessary consequence of
EPA’s withdrawal of approval of the
2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan and
California’s simultaneous withdrawal of
this plan from EPA. Similarly, EPA’s
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finding that California has failed to
submit a VMT emissions offset SIP
under CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) for the
1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS for the SJV
is a necessary consequence of EPA’s
withdrawal of its determination that the
2007 8-Hour Ozone Plan satisfies this
requirement. These findings of failure to
submit concern required CAA
submittals that are overdue. We
previously cautioned California and the
public that we would make such
findings and that these findings would
be effective upon publication in the
Federal Register. See 77 FR 58078 at
58079, 58080. Finally, these findings of
failure to submit simply start clocks that
will not result in sanctions against the
State for 18 months and that the State
may turn off by making complete SIP
submittals. These reasons support an
effective date prior to 30 days after the
date of publication of these findings.
IV. Statutory and Executive Order
Reviews
A. Executive Order 12866, Regulatory
Planning and Review
This action is not a ‘‘significant
regulatory action’’ under the terms of
Executive Order 12866 and is therefore
not subject to review under it.
B. Paperwork Reduction Act
This action does not impose an
information collection burden under the
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction
Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. Burden is
defined at 5 CFR 1320.3(b).
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C. Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)
generally requires an agency to conduct
a regulatory flexibility analysis of any
rule subject to notice and comment
rulemaking requirements unless the
agency certifies that the rule will not
have a significant economic impact on
a substantial number of small entities.
Small entities include small businesses,
small not-for-profit enterprises, and
small governmental jurisdictions.
This action to withdraw previous EPA
approvals and determinations and to
make findings of failure to submit under
the CAA will not have a significant
impact on a substantial number of small
entities because this action does not
create any new requirements. This
action relates to the existing
requirements in the CAA that states
submit SIPs to provide for attainment
and to meet other applicable CAA
requirements in each of their 1-hour
ozone nonattainment areas and to
submit transportation control strategies
and measures to offset emissions growth
from growth in VMT or the numbers of
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vehicle trips in each of their severe and
extreme 8-hour ozone nonattainment
areas. Therefore, because this action
does not create any new requirements,
I certify that this action will not have a
significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities.
D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
Under sections 202 of the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995
(‘‘Unfunded Mandates Act’’), signed
into law on March 22, 1995, EPA must
prepare a budgetary impact statement to
accompany any proposed or final rule
that includes a Federal mandate that
may result in estimated costs to State,
local, or tribal governments in the
aggregate; or to the private sector, of
$100 million or more. Under section
205, EPA must select the most costeffective and least burdensome
alternative that achieves the objectives
of the rule and is consistent with
statutory requirements. Section 203
requires EPA to establish a plan for
informing and advising any small
governments that may be significantly
or uniquely impacted by the rule.
EPA has determined that this action
to withdraw previous EPA approvals
and determinations and to make
findings of failure to submit under the
CAA does not include a Federal
mandate that may result in estimated
costs of $100 million or more to either
State, local, or tribal governments in the
aggregate, or to the private sector. This
action relates to the existing
requirements in the CAA that states
submit SIPs to provide for attainment
and to meet other applicable CAA
requirements in each of their 1-hour
ozone nonattainment areas and to
submit transportation control strategies
and measures to offset emissions growth
from growth in VMT or the numbers of
vehicle trips in each of their severe and
extreme 8-hour ozone nonattainment
areas. Accordingly, no additional costs
to State, local, or tribal governments, or
to the private sector, result from this
action.
E. Executive Order 13132, Federalism
This action does not have federalism
implications. It will not have substantial
direct effects on the States, on the
relationship between the national
government and the State, or on the
distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various
levels of government, as specified in
Executive Order 13132. The CAA
establishes the scheme whereby states
take the lead in developing SIPs
including SIPs to attain the NAAQS and
to meet other applicable CAA
requirements including the VMT
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70379
emissions offset requirement in CAA
section 182(d)(1)(A)). This action will
not modify this relationship. Thus,
Executive Order 13132 does not apply
to this action.
F. Executive Order 13175, Coordination
With Indian Tribal Governments
This final action does not have tribal
implications, as specified in Executive
Order 13175. It will not have substantial
direct effects on tribal governments, on
the relationship between the Federal
government and Indian tribes, or on the
distribution of power and
responsibilities between the Federal
government and Indian tribes. Thus,
Executive Order 13175 does not apply
to this final action.
G. Executive Order 13045, Protection of
Children From Environmental Health
Risks and Safety Risks
EPA interprets Executive Order 13045
(62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997) as
applying only to those regulatory
actions that concern health or safety
risks, such that the analysis required
under section 5–501 of the Executive
Order has the potential to influence the
regulation. This action is not subject to
Executive Order 13045 because it is
withdrawing previous EPA approvals
and determinations and making findings
that California has failed to submit a SIP
that meets the requirements of CAA the
SJV extreme ozone nonattainment area.
The findings of failure to submit
establish a 24-month deadline for EPA
to promulgate a FIP to address the
outstanding SIP requirements unless,
prior to that time, California submits,
and EPA approves, the required SIPs.
H. Executive Order 13211, Actions That
Significantly Affect Energy Supply,
Distribution, or Use
This rule is not subject to Executive
Order 13211, ‘‘Actions Concerning
Regulations That Significantly Affect
Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use’’ (66
FR 28355, May 22, 2001) because it is
not a significant regulatory action under
Executive Order 12866.
I. National Technology Transfer and
Advancement Act
Section 12 of the National Technology
Transfer and Advancement Act
(NTTAA) of 1995 requires Federal
agencies to evaluate existing technical
standards when developing a new
regulation. To comply with NTTAA,
EPA must consider and use ‘‘voluntary
consensus standards’’ (VCS) if available
and applicable when developing
programs and policies unless doing so
would be inconsistent with applicable
law or otherwise impractical.
E:\FR\FM\26NOR1.SGM
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70380
Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 227 / Monday, November 26, 2012 / Rules and Regulations
EPA believes that VCS are
inapplicable to this action. Today’s
action does not require the public to
perform activities conducive to the use
of VCS.
J. Executive Order 12898: Federal
Actions To Address Environmental
Justice in Minority Populations and
Low-Income Populations
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629
(February 16, 1994)) establishes federal
executive policy on environmental
justice. Its main provision directs
federal agencies, to the greatest extent
practicable and permitted by law, to
make environmental justice part of their
mission by identifying and addressing,
as appropriate, disproportionately high
and adverse human health or
environmental effects of their programs,
policies, and activities on minority
populations and low-income
populations in the United States.
EPA has determined that this final
action will not have disproportionately
high and adverse human health or
environmental effects on minority or
low-income populations because it does
not directly affect the level of protection
provided to human health or the
environment. This notice is
withdrawing previous EPA approvals
and determinations and making findings
that California has failed to submit SIPs
that meet certain requirements of CAA
for the SJV extreme ozone
nonattainment area.
K. Congressional Review Act
mstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with RULES
The Congressional Review Act, 5
U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the Small
Business Regulatory Enforcement
VerDate Mar<15>2010
16:35 Nov 23, 2012
Jkt 229001
Fairness Act of 1996, generally provides
that before a rule may take effect, the
agency promulgating the rule must
submit a rule report, which includes a
copy of the rule, to each House of the
Congress and to the Comptroller General
of the United States. EPA will submit a
report containing this rule and other
required information to the U.S. Senate,
the U.S. House of Representatives, and
the Comptroller General of the United
States prior to publication of the rule in
the Federal Register. A major rule
cannot take effect until 60 days after it
is published in the Federal Register.
This action is not a ‘‘major rule’’ as
defined by 5 U.S.C. section 804(2). This
rule is effective on November 26, 2012.
L. Petitions for Judicial Review
Under CAA section 307(b)(1),
petitions for judicial review of this
action must be filed in the United States
Court of Appeals for the appropriate
circuit by January 25, 2013. Filing a
petition for reconsideration by the
Administrator of this final action does
not affect the finality of this rule for the
purposes of judicial review nor does it
extend the time within which a petition
for judicial review may be filed, and
shall not postpone the effectiveness of
such rule or action. This action may not
be challenged later in proceedings to
enforce its requirements (see section
307(b)(2)).
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Intergovernmental relations,
Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Volatile
organic compounds.
PO 00000
Frm 00026
Fmt 4700
Sfmt 9990
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Dated: November 9, 2012.
Jared Blumenfeld,
EPA Regional Administrator, Region 9.
For the reasons discussed in the
preamble, EPA amends 40 CFR part 52
to read as follows:
PART 52—APPROVAL AND
PROMULGATION OF
IMPLEMENTATION PLANS
1. The authority citation for part 52
continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Subpart F—California
2. Section 52.220 is amended by:
a. Removing and reserving paragraphs
(c)(317)(i)(B) and (c)(339)(i)(B);
■ b. Removing paragraph (c)(339)(ii)(C);
and
■ c. Removing and reserving paragraphs
(c)(369) and (c)(370) to read as follows:
■
■
§ 52.220
Identification of plan.
*
*
*
*
(c) * * *
(317) * * *
(i) * * *
(B) [Reserved]
*
*
*
*
(339) * * *
(i) * * *
(B) [Reserved]
*
*
*
*
(369) [Reserved]
(370) [Reserved]
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
[FR Doc. 2012–28217 Filed 11–23–12; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
E:\FR\FM\26NOR1.SGM
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 77, Number 227 (Monday, November 26, 2012)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 70376-70380]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2012-28217]
=======================================================================
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA-R09-OAR-2012-0734; FRL-9753-4]
Withdrawal of Approval of Air Quality Implementation Plans and
Findings of Failure To Submit Required Plans; California; San Joaquin
Valley; 1-Hour and 8-Hour Ozone Extreme Area Plan Elements
AGENCY: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: EPA is withdrawing its March 8, 2010 final action approving
State Implementation Plan (SIP) revisions submitted by California to
provide for attainment of the 1-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS) in the San Joaquin Valley extreme ozone nonattainment
area. In addition, EPA is withdrawing its March 1, 2012 determination
that the California SIP satisfies the requirement regarding offsetting
emissions growth caused by growth in vehicle miles traveled (VMT) under
the Clean Air Act (CAA) for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS in the San
Joaquin Valley. Finally, EPA is finding that California has failed to
submit required SIP revisions to provide for attainment of the 1-hour
ozone NAAQS and to address the VMT emissions offset requirement for the
1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS in the San Joaquin Valley. Under the CAA, these
findings of failure to submit trigger the 18-month time clock for
mandatory imposition of sanctions and the two-year time clock for EPA
to promulgate federal implementation plans.
DATES: The rule is effective November 26, 2012.
ADDRESSES: EPA has established docket number EPA-R09-OAR-2012-0734 for
this action. The index to the docket is available electronically at
www.regulations.gov and in hard copy at EPA Region 9, 75 Hawthorne
Street, San Francisco, California. While all documents in the docket
are listed in the index, some may be publicly available only at the
hard copy location (e.g., copyrighted material) and some may not be
publicly available at either location (e.g., CBI). To inspect the hard
copy materials, please schedule an appointment during normal business
hours with the contact listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT
section.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Frances Wicher, Air Planning Office
(AIR-2), (415) 972-3957, wicher.frances@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document, ``we'', ``us'' and
``our'' refer to EPA.
Table of Contents
I. San Joaquin Valley 2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan
A. Withdrawal of EPA's Approval of the 2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan
B. Finding of Failure To Submit a SIP To Provide for Attainment
of the 1-Hour Ozone Standards in the SJV Extreme 1-Hour Ozone
Nonattainment Area
II. VMT Emissions Offset Requirement for the 1997 8-Hour Ozone
Standards
[[Page 70377]]
A. Withdrawal of EPA's Determination That the 2007 8-Hour Ozone
Plan Satisfies the VMT Emissions Offset Requirement in CAA Section
182(d)(1)(A)
B. Finding of Failure To Submit a SIP Meeting the CAA Section
182(d)(1)(A) VMT Emissions Offset Requirement for the SJV Extreme 8-
Hour Ozone Nonattainment Area
III. Final Actions
IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
I. San Joaquin Valley 2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan
A. Withdrawal of EPA's Approval of the 2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan
EPA is withdrawing its March 8, 2010 final action approving SIP
revisions submitted by California under the CAA to provide for
attainment of the 1-hour ozone national ambient air quality standards
(NAAQS) in the San Joaquin Valley (SJV) extreme ozone nonattainment
area (2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan) (75 FR 10420). The effect of this action
is to entirely withdraw the 2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan from the applicable
California SIP. We proposed this action on September 19, 2012 (77 FR
58078) and provided a 30-day period for the public to submit comments.
We received no comments.
EPA is taking this action in response to a decision of the U.S.
Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in Sierra Club et. al v. EPA,
671 F.3d 955 (9th Cir. 2012) (Sierra Club). For further background on
this court decision and EPA's rationale for today's action, please see
our proposed rule at 77 FR 58078.
B. Finding of Failure To Submit a SIP To Provide for Attainment of the
1-Hour Ozone Standards in the SJV Extreme 1-Hour Ozone Nonattainment
Area
Following our proposed rule to withdraw our March 8, 2010 approval
of the 2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan into the SIP, California submitted a
letter stating its intention to withdraw its submission of this plan to
EPA, effective immediately upon EPA's final withdrawal of the March 8,
2010 approval. See letter dated October 15, 2012, from James N.
Goldstene, Executive Officer, California Air Resources Board, to Jared
Blumenfeld, Regional Administrator, EPA Region 9. As a consequence of
EPA's final withdrawal of our approval of the 2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan
and California's simultaneous withdrawal of the 2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan
from EPA, the State is now in default of its obligation to submit a SIP
to provide for attainment of the 1-hour ozone NAAQS in the SJV extreme
ozone nonattainment area.\1\ Therefore, simultaneously with this
withdrawal of approval, EPA is finding that California has failed to
submit an extreme area plan to provide for attainment of the 1-hour
ozone NAAQS in the SJV nonattainment area.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ California was obligated to submit SIP revisions to address
the requirement in CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) regarding offsetting
emissions growth caused by growth in VMT for the 1-hour ozone
standard in SJV no later than May 31, 2002, and additional SIP
revisions meeting the CAA's extreme area requirements for the 1-hour
ozone standard in SJV no later than November 15, 2004. See 66 FR
56476, 56481 (November 8, 2001) (final rule finding that SJV failed
to attain 1-hour ozone NAAQS by applicable attainment date and
reclassifying SJV from ``serious'' to ``severe'' nonattainment,
effective December 10, 2001) and 69 FR 20550 (April 16, 2004) (final
rule reclassifying SJV from ``severe'' to ``extreme'' nonattainment
for 1-hour ozone NAAQS, effective May 17, 2004).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
As explained in our proposed rule (77 FR at 58079-80), the plan
elements under subparts 1 and 2 of part D, title I of the CAA that
California is required to submit for the 1-hour ozone NAAQS for the SJV
are as follows: (1) A rate of progress (ROP) demonstration meeting the
requirements of CAA sections 172(c)(2) and 182(c)(2); (2) ROP
contingency measures meeting the requirements of CAA sections 172(c)(9)
and 182(c)(9); (3) an attainment demonstration meeting the requirements
of CAA sections 182(c)(2)(A) and 172(a)(2); (4) attainment contingency
measures meeting the requirements of CAA sections 172(c)(9); (5) a
reasonably available control measures (RACM) demonstration meeting the
requirements of CAA section 172(c)(1); (6) provisions satisfying the
requirements for clean fuels/clean technologies for boilers in CAA
182(e)(3); and (7) provisions satisfying the vehicle miles traveled
(VMT) provisions of CAA section 182(d)(1)(A). See 40 CFR 51.905(a)(1)
and 51.900(f); see also 75 FR 10420, 10436-37.
This finding of failure to submit is not subject to the notice-and-
comment requirements of the Administrative Procedure Act (APA), 5
U.S.C. 553(b). EPA believes that because of the limited time provided
by the CAA to make findings of failure to submit, Congress did not
intend such findings to be subject to notice-and-comment rulemaking.
However, to the extent such findings are subject to notice-and-comment
rulemaking, we invoke the good cause exception pursuant to APA section
553(b)(3)(B). Notice and comment are unnecessary because no EPA
judgment is involved in making a non-substantive finding of failure to
submit SIPs required by the CAA. Furthermore, notice and comment would
be contrary to the public interest because it would divert EPA
resources from the critical substantive review of complete SIPs. See 58
FR 51270, 51272, note 7 (October 1, 1993); 59 FR 39832, 39853 (August
4, 1994).
II. VMT Emissions Offset Requirement for 1997 8-Hour Ozone Standards
A. Withdrawal of EPA's Determination That the 2007 8-Hour Ozone Plan
Satisfies the VMT Emissions Offset Requirement in CAA Section
182(d)(1)(A)
EPA is withdrawing its March 1, 2012 determination that
California's SIP to provide for attainment of the 1997 8-hour ozone
NAAQS \2\ in the SJV extreme ozone nonattainment area (2007 8-Hour
Ozone Plan) satisfies the requirement regarding emissions growth caused
by growth in vehicle miles traveled in CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) for the
1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS. Section 182(d)(1)(A) of the Act requires, in
relevant part, that each state containing a ``severe'' or ``extreme''
ozone nonattainment area submit a SIP revision that identifies and
adopts specific enforceable transportation control strategies and
measures to offset any growth in emissions from growth in vehicle miles
traveled or numbers of vehicle trips in the area (VMT emissions offset
requirement).\3\ We proposed this action on September 19, 2012 (77 FR
58078) and provided a 30-day period for the public to submit comments.
We received no comments.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ All references in this preamble to the 8-hour NAAQS are to
the 0.08 parts per million standards established in 1997 at 40 CFR
50.10(b).
\3\ CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) also requires states to adopt
transportation control strategies and measures as necessary to
demonstrate attainment and reasonable further progress. These
requirements of section 182(d)(1)(A) are not at issue in this
action.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
EPA is taking this action in response to a decision of the U.S.
Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in Association of Irritated
Residents v. EPA, 632 F.3d 584 (9th Cir. 2011), reprinted as amended on
January 27, 2012, 686 F.3d 668, further amended February 13, 2012
(AIR). For further background on this court decision and EPA's
rationale for today's action, please see our proposed rule at 77 FR
58078.
This withdrawal of approval is limited to our determination that
the 2007 8-Hour Ozone Plan satisfies the VMT emissions offset
requirement in CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) for the 1997 8-hour ozone
NAAQS. All other determinations in our March 1, 2012 final rule
approving the 2007 8-Hour Ozone Plan at 77 FR 12652 remain unchanged
and in effect.
[[Page 70378]]
B. Finding of Failure To Submit a SIP Meeting the CAA Section
182(d)(1)(A) VMT Emissions Offset Requirement for the SJV 8-Hour Ozone
Nonattainment Area
EPA's determination that the 2007 8-Hour Ozone Plan satisfies the
VMT emissions offset requirement for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS was
made in the absence of any specific demonstration submitted by the
State for this purpose and was based on EPA's evaluation of emissions
inventory data submitted as part of the 2007 8-Hour Ozone Plan. See 76
FR 57846, 57863 (September 16, 2011) and 77 FR 12652, 12666 and 12670
(March 1, 2012). Thus, as a consequence of our withdrawal of our
determination that the 2007 8-Hour Ozone Plan satisfies the VMT
emissions offset requirement in CAA section 182(d)(1)(A), California is
now in default of its obligation to submit a SIP revision meeting this
CAA requirement for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS in the SJV extreme
ozone nonattainment area.\4\ Therefore, simultaneously with this
withdrawal of approval, EPA is finding that California has failed to
submit a required SIP revision to meet the VMT emissions offset
requirement in CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS
in the SJV extreme ozone nonattainment area.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\4\ Consistent with CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) and EPA's
implementation regulations for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS at 40 CFR
part 51, subpart X, we interpret the 2-year timeframe for submission
of the VMT emissions offset SIP for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS to
run from the effective date of EPA's reclassification of SJV from
``serious'' to ``extreme'' nonattainment for this standard.
Accordingly, California was obligated to submit a VMT emissions
offset SIP for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS for the SJV area no later
than June 4, 2012. See 75 FR 24409 (May 5, 2010) (final rule
reclassifying SJV from ``serious'' to ``extreme'' nonattainment for
1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS, effective June 4, 2010).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
This finding of failure to submit is not subject to the notice-and-
comment requirements of the APA. EPA believes that because of the
limited time provided by the CAA to make findings of failure to submit,
Congress did not intend such findings to be subject to notice-and-
comment rulemaking. However, to the extent such findings are subject to
notice-and-comment rulemaking, we invoke the good cause exception
pursuant to APA section 553(b)(3)(B). Notice and comment are
unnecessary because no EPA judgment is involved in making a non-
substantive finding of failure to submit SIPs required by the CAA.
Furthermore, notice and comment would be contrary to the public
interest because it would divert EPA resources from the critical
substantive review of complete SIPs. See 58 FR 51270, 51272, note 7
(October 1, 1993); 59 FR 39832, 39853 (August 4, 1994).
III. Final Actions
A. Withdrawals of Approvals
EPA is withdrawing its March 8, 2010 final action approving the
2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan, which California submitted to provide for
attainment of the 1-hour ozone NAAQS in the SJV extreme ozone
nonattainment area (75 FR 10420, March 8, 2010).
In addition, EPA is withdrawing its March 1, 2012 determination
that the 2007 8-Hour Ozone Plan, which California submitted to provide
for attainment of the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS in the SJV, satisfies the
VMT emissions offset requirement in CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) for the
1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS in the SJV extreme ozone nonattainment area (77
FR 12652 at 12670, March 1, 2012).
B. Findings of Failure To Submit Required SIP Revisions
As a consequence of EPA's final withdrawal of our previous approval
of the 2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan and California's simultaneous withdrawal
of its submission of the 2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan, EPA is finding that
California has failed to submit a required SIP revision to provide for
attainment of the 1-hour ozone NAAQS in the SJV extreme ozone
nonattainment area.
In addition, as a consequence of EPA's withdrawal of our
determination that the 2007 8-Hour Ozone Plan satisfies the VMT
emissions offset requirement in CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) for the 1997
8-hour ozone NAAQS, EPA is finding that California has failed to submit
a required SIP revision that identifies and adopts transportation
control strategies and measures to offset any growth in emissions from
growth in VMT or the numbers of vehicle trips as required by CAA
section 182(d)(1)(A) for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS in the SJV extreme
ozone nonattainment area.
Under CAA section 179(a), a finding of failure to submit a plan or
plan element required by part D of title I of the Act triggers sanction
clocks under CAA section 179(b). These clocks run from the effective
date of EPA's finding. The first sanction, the offset sanction in CAA
section 179(b)(2), will apply in the SJV extreme ozone nonattainment
area 18 months from November 26, 2012. The second sanction, highway
funding sanctions in CAA section 179(b)(1), will apply in the area six
months after the offset sanction is imposed, in accordance with 40 CFR
52.31. The State can end these sanction clocks or lift any imposed
sanctions by making complete SIP submittals addressing the CAA's
extreme area requirements for the 1-hour ozone NAAQS and the VMT
emissions offset requirement for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS in the SJV
area.
In addition to these sanctions, CAA section 110(c)(1) provides that
EPA must promulgate a federal implementation plan addressing the CAA's
extreme area requirements for the 1-hour ozone NAAQS and the VMT
emissions offset requirement for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS in the SJV
area, no later than two years after November 26, 2012, unless the State
submits and EPA approves SIP revisions addressing these requirements
before that date.
C. Effective Date Under the Administrative Procedure Act
These actions will be effective on November 26, 2012. Under APA
section 553(d)(3), an agency rulemaking may take effect before 30 days
after the date of publication in the Federal Register if an agency has
good cause to specify an earlier effective date. Today's actions to
withdraw EPA's previous approval of the 2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan and to
withdraw EPA's previous determination that the 2007 8-Hour Ozone Plan
satisfies the VMT emissions offset requirement in CAA section
182(d)(1)(A) for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS are being taken in
response to the Ninth Circuit's decisions in the Sierra Club and AIR
decisions, as discussed above and in our proposed rule. The purpose of
a delayed effective date is to ensure that regulated entities have
advance notice of obligations with which they must comply. Because
today's withdrawal actions do not place a burden on any entity, a
delayed compliance date is unnecessary. Moreover, because the court has
ruled that these prior determinations were inconsistent with the CAA,
it is in the public interest for the effective date of our actions
withdrawing these approvals to become effective immediately. These
reasons support an effective date prior to 30 days after the date of
publication of these withdrawals of approval.
In addition, EPA's finding that California has failed to submit an
extreme area plan to provide for attainment of the 1-hour ozone NAAQS
in the SJV is a necessary consequence of EPA's withdrawal of approval
of the 2004 1-Hour Ozone Plan and California's simultaneous withdrawal
of this plan from EPA. Similarly, EPA's
[[Page 70379]]
finding that California has failed to submit a VMT emissions offset SIP
under CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS for the
SJV is a necessary consequence of EPA's withdrawal of its determination
that the 2007 8-Hour Ozone Plan satisfies this requirement. These
findings of failure to submit concern required CAA submittals that are
overdue. We previously cautioned California and the public that we
would make such findings and that these findings would be effective
upon publication in the Federal Register. See 77 FR 58078 at 58079,
58080. Finally, these findings of failure to submit simply start clocks
that will not result in sanctions against the State for 18 months and
that the State may turn off by making complete SIP submittals. These
reasons support an effective date prior to 30 days after the date of
publication of these findings.
IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
A. Executive Order 12866, Regulatory Planning and Review
This action is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under the
terms of Executive Order 12866 and is therefore not subject to review
under it.
B. Paperwork Reduction Act
This action does not impose an information collection burden under
the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.
Burden is defined at 5 CFR 1320.3(b).
C. Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) generally requires an agency
to conduct a regulatory flexibility analysis of any rule subject to
notice and comment rulemaking requirements unless the agency certifies
that the rule will not have a significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities. Small entities include small
businesses, small not-for-profit enterprises, and small governmental
jurisdictions.
This action to withdraw previous EPA approvals and determinations
and to make findings of failure to submit under the CAA will not have a
significant impact on a substantial number of small entities because
this action does not create any new requirements. This action relates
to the existing requirements in the CAA that states submit SIPs to
provide for attainment and to meet other applicable CAA requirements in
each of their 1-hour ozone nonattainment areas and to submit
transportation control strategies and measures to offset emissions
growth from growth in VMT or the numbers of vehicle trips in each of
their severe and extreme 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas. Therefore,
because this action does not create any new requirements, I certify
that this action will not have a significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities.
D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
Under sections 202 of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
(``Unfunded Mandates Act''), signed into law on March 22, 1995, EPA
must prepare a budgetary impact statement to accompany any proposed or
final rule that includes a Federal mandate that may result in estimated
costs to State, local, or tribal governments in the aggregate; or to
the private sector, of $100 million or more. Under section 205, EPA
must select the most cost-effective and least burdensome alternative
that achieves the objectives of the rule and is consistent with
statutory requirements. Section 203 requires EPA to establish a plan
for informing and advising any small governments that may be
significantly or uniquely impacted by the rule.
EPA has determined that this action to withdraw previous EPA
approvals and determinations and to make findings of failure to submit
under the CAA does not include a Federal mandate that may result in
estimated costs of $100 million or more to either State, local, or
tribal governments in the aggregate, or to the private sector. This
action relates to the existing requirements in the CAA that states
submit SIPs to provide for attainment and to meet other applicable CAA
requirements in each of their 1-hour ozone nonattainment areas and to
submit transportation control strategies and measures to offset
emissions growth from growth in VMT or the numbers of vehicle trips in
each of their severe and extreme 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas.
Accordingly, no additional costs to State, local, or tribal
governments, or to the private sector, result from this action.
E. Executive Order 13132, Federalism
This action does not have federalism implications. It will not have
substantial direct effects on the States, on the relationship between
the national government and the State, or on the distribution of power
and responsibilities among the various levels of government, as
specified in Executive Order 13132. The CAA establishes the scheme
whereby states take the lead in developing SIPs including SIPs to
attain the NAAQS and to meet other applicable CAA requirements
including the VMT emissions offset requirement in CAA section
182(d)(1)(A)). This action will not modify this relationship. Thus,
Executive Order 13132 does not apply to this action.
F. Executive Order 13175, Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments
This final action does not have tribal implications, as specified
in Executive Order 13175. It will not have substantial direct effects
on tribal governments, on the relationship between the Federal
government and Indian tribes, or on the distribution of power and
responsibilities between the Federal government and Indian tribes.
Thus, Executive Order 13175 does not apply to this final action.
G. Executive Order 13045, Protection of Children From Environmental
Health Risks and Safety Risks
EPA interprets Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997)
as applying only to those regulatory actions that concern health or
safety risks, such that the analysis required under section 5-501 of
the Executive Order has the potential to influence the regulation. This
action is not subject to Executive Order 13045 because it is
withdrawing previous EPA approvals and determinations and making
findings that California has failed to submit a SIP that meets the
requirements of CAA the SJV extreme ozone nonattainment area. The
findings of failure to submit establish a 24-month deadline for EPA to
promulgate a FIP to address the outstanding SIP requirements unless,
prior to that time, California submits, and EPA approves, the required
SIPs.
H. Executive Order 13211, Actions That Significantly Affect Energy
Supply, Distribution, or Use
This rule is not subject to Executive Order 13211, ``Actions
Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply,
Distribution, or Use'' (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001) because it is not a
significant regulatory action under Executive Order 12866.
I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
Section 12 of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
(NTTAA) of 1995 requires Federal agencies to evaluate existing
technical standards when developing a new regulation. To comply with
NTTAA, EPA must consider and use ``voluntary consensus standards''
(VCS) if available and applicable when developing programs and policies
unless doing so would be inconsistent with applicable law or otherwise
impractical.
[[Page 70380]]
EPA believes that VCS are inapplicable to this action. Today's
action does not require the public to perform activities conducive to
the use of VCS.
J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental
Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629 (February 16, 1994)) establishes
federal executive policy on environmental justice. Its main provision
directs federal agencies, to the greatest extent practicable and
permitted by law, to make environmental justice part of their mission
by identifying and addressing, as appropriate, disproportionately high
and adverse human health or environmental effects of their programs,
policies, and activities on minority populations and low-income
populations in the United States.
EPA has determined that this final action will not have
disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental
effects on minority or low-income populations because it does not
directly affect the level of protection provided to human health or the
environment. This notice is withdrawing previous EPA approvals and
determinations and making findings that California has failed to submit
SIPs that meet certain requirements of CAA for the SJV extreme ozone
nonattainment area.
K. Congressional Review Act
The Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, generally
provides that before a rule may take effect, the agency promulgating
the rule must submit a rule report, which includes a copy of the rule,
to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of the
United States. EPA will submit a report containing this rule and other
required information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of
Representatives, and the Comptroller General of the United States prior
to publication of the rule in the Federal Register. A major rule cannot
take effect until 60 days after it is published in the Federal
Register. This action is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C.
section 804(2). This rule is effective on November 26, 2012.
L. Petitions for Judicial Review
Under CAA section 307(b)(1), petitions for judicial review of this
action must be filed in the United States Court of Appeals for the
appropriate circuit by January 25, 2013. Filing a petition for
reconsideration by the Administrator of this final action does not
affect the finality of this rule for the purposes of judicial review
nor does it extend the time within which a petition for judicial review
may be filed, and shall not postpone the effectiveness of such rule or
action. This action may not be challenged later in proceedings to
enforce its requirements (see section 307(b)(2)).
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Intergovernmental relations, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone,
Volatile organic compounds.
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Dated: November 9, 2012.
Jared Blumenfeld,
EPA Regional Administrator, Region 9.
For the reasons discussed in the preamble, EPA amends 40 CFR part
52 to read as follows:
PART 52--APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS
0
1. The authority citation for part 52 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Subpart F--California
0
2. Section 52.220 is amended by:
0
a. Removing and reserving paragraphs (c)(317)(i)(B) and (c)(339)(i)(B);
0
b. Removing paragraph (c)(339)(ii)(C); and
0
c. Removing and reserving paragraphs (c)(369) and (c)(370) to read as
follows:
Sec. 52.220 Identification of plan.
* * * * *
(c) * * *
(317) * * *
(i) * * *
(B) [Reserved]
* * * * *
(339) * * *
(i) * * *
(B) [Reserved]
* * * * *
(369) [Reserved]
(370) [Reserved]
* * * * *
[FR Doc. 2012-28217 Filed 11-23-12; 8:45 am]
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