License Amendment Request to Byproduct Material License 06-31445-01 for Light Sources, Inc., Orange, CT, 66647-66649 [2012-27065]
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Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 215 / Tuesday, November 6, 2012 / Notices
66647
Response
1. Section II, Discussion, Page 5
‘‘However, neither the diesel
generator fire [DELETED (area)] zone
* * *’’
The Petitioner again cites the
licensee’s letter of July 11, 2012, as a
further example of the need to perform
a comprehensive identification and
correction of Indian Point fire safety
violations. The Petitioner also notes that
the NRC apparently discovered the
omission of OMAs 20 and 21 and that
the licensee’s letter did not provide any
explanation for the occurrence.
See the staff’s response to Comment 3
from the Petitioner’s letter dated August
1, 2012. As previously stated, in
determining whether the licensee is
making reasonable efforts to complete
corrective actions promptly, the NRC
has considered safety significance, the
effects on operability, the significance of
the degradation, and what is necessary
to implement the corrective action. As
a result, the NRC has determined that
the public health and safety will be
adequately assured in the interim while
full compliance is being achieved.
These same considerations will
continue to guide NRC enforcement
discretion during its oversight as the
licensee proceeds with its scheduled
compliance.
Response
Comments Received From the Licensee
See the staff’s previous response to
comment 3 above. As previously stated,
NRC inspectors made this discovery and
the licensee has committed to resolve
the omitted OMAs and establish
compliance with Section III.G to
Appendix R of 10 CFR part 50.
Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc.
omission. The licensee further indicated
that it performed an extent of condition
review and concluded that the use of
non-standard nomenclature did not
result in the omission of any additional
OMAs. The NRC staff will review the
licensee’s letter as part of the overall
reactor oversight process.
Comment 4 New Indian Point Fire
Safety Violations Identified
Comment 5 Confirmation of Indian
Point Unit 1 Involvement in Fire Safety
Violations
The licensee’s letter dated August 1,
2012, offered clarification for the use of
‘‘fire areas’’ versus ‘‘fire zones’’ in the
proposed Director’s Decision. The
Petitioner cited the licensee’s
explanation as a further example that
fire violations exist at Indian Point Unit
No. 1. This is similar to the Petitioner’s
Comment 1.a in the Petitioner’s letter
dated August 1, 2012.
Response
See the staff’s response to Comment
1.a from the Petitioner’s letter dated
August 1, 2012. As previously stated,
any system, structure, or component
located at Unit No. 1 that supports the
fire protection program at Unit No. 2,
will be documented in Unit No. 2
inspection activities.
erowe on DSK2VPTVN1PROD with
Comment 6 Unjustified Delay in
Eliminating Indian Point Fire Safety
Violations
The licensee’s letter dated August 1,
2012, offered clarification to the
proposed Director’s Decision for their
schedule to restore full compliance with
fire safety regulations at Indian Point.
The Petitioner objected to the licensee’s
schedule and explanation that full
compliance will not be achieved before
the Unit No. 2 refueling outage in the
spring of 2014.
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15:06 Nov 05, 2012
Jkt 229001
A. General Comments
Section III, Conclusion, Pages 9 and 10
The letter indicates the NRC is
granting the Petitioner’s request for
identifying violations and taking
enforcement actions as well as bringing
IPEC [Indian Point Energy Center] into
compliance. It is Entergy’s belief that
the NRC is following the requirements
and protocols established in the
regulatory oversight process (ROP) as
relates to these actions, and is not
granting the Petitioner’s request. The
letter should indicate that the ROP is a
mature process that provides guidance
to the NRC and licensees. The items
identified by NY State were items the
NRC staff was well aware of and the
actions taken by the NRC would have
been taken regardless of the NY State
petition.
Response
B. Specific Comments—Suggested
Changes
[Suggested changes are shown as
strikethroughs for [DELETED
(deletions)] and underlines for
additions.]
Frm 00070
• Fire zones are subsets of larger fire
areas. The suggested change provides a
more definitive description of the
concern. The NRC modified the final
Director’s Decision accordingly.
2. Section II, Discussion, Page 8
‘‘Exceptions to projected completion
involve plant modifications for Indian
Point Units No. 3 and No.2, which will
not be completed until the spring 2013
and 2014 refueling outages respectively
because those modifications involve
[DELETED (access to plant areas
accessible only during a plant
shutdown)] activities that require plant
outages to install said modifications.’’
Response
• The suggested changes provide a
more complete description of the
planned modifications. The NRC
modified the final Director’s Decision
accordingly.
[FR Doc. 2012–27046 Filed 11–5–12; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7590–01–P
NUCLEAR REGULATORY
COMMISSION
[Docket No. 03038458; NRC–2012–0267]
License Amendment Request to
Byproduct Material License 06–31445–
01 for Light Sources, Inc., Orange, CT
Nuclear Regulatory
Commission.
ACTION: Environmental assessment and
finding of no significant impact for
license amendment.
AGENCY:
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
The NRC does not disagree with the
premise of the licensee’s comment. The
petition did not present facts previously
unknown to the NRC staff, and the staff
would likely have reached the same
conclusions through the ROP without
the impetus of the petition. Regardless,
the staff’s practice has been that
whenever the Petitioner’s requests are
consistent with the staff’s final actions,
whether in whole or in part, they are
considered to be granted.
PO 00000
Response
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
Dennis Lawyer, Health Physicist,
Commercial and R&D Branch, Division
of Nuclear Materials Safety, Region I,
2100 Renaissance Blvd., King of Prussia,
Pennsylvania 19406–2713; telephone
610–337–5366; fax number 610–337–
5269; or by email:
Dennis.Lawyer@nrc.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Introduction
The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory
Commission (NRC or the Commission)
is considering the issuance of a license
amendment to Byproduct Materials
License No.06–31445–01 issued to Light
Sources, Inc. (the Licensee), to approve
of proposed alternate disposal
procedures under section 20.2002 of
E:\FR\FM\06NON1.SGM
06NON1
66648
Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 215 / Tuesday, November 6, 2012 / Notices
Title 10 of the Code of Federal
Regulations (10 CFR), for its facility
located at 37 Robinson Boulevard,
Orange, Connecticut (the Facility).
License No. 06–31445–01 was issued by
the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory
Commission on September 6, 2011,
pursuant to 10 CFR Part 30. This license
authorizes Light Sources, Inc. to possess
and store lamps containing up to 4
kilobecquerel (kBq) (0.12 microcuries)
of krypton 85 (Kr-85) prior to initial
distribution.
Pursuant to the provisions in 10 CFR
20.2002, issuance of the license
amendment would authorize the
transfer of up to 200 lamps each year to
a recycling facility that handles
hazardous wastes, including mercury.
The NRC has prepared an
Environmental Assessment (EA) in
support of this proposed action in
accordance with the requirements in 10
CFR Part 51. Based on the EA, the NRC
has concluded that a Finding of No
Significant Impact (FONSI) is
appropriate with respect to the
proposed action. The amendment will
be issued to the Licensee following the
publication of this FONSI and EA in the
Federal Register.
II. Environmental Assessment
Identification of Proposed Action
The proposed action would be
granted under 10 CFR 20.2002 and
approve the Licensee’s September 9,
2011, license amendment request as
modified in their letter dated November
17, 2011, by authorizing the transfer of
up to 200 lamps per year, not to exceed
4 KBq (0.12uCi) of Kr-85 each, and
utilizing a recycling facility that handles
hazardous wastes, including mercury,
for disposal. The mercury would be
recycled and the krypton would be
released by ventilation at the recycler.
Need for the Proposed Action
The Licensee needs this license
amendment to allow disposal of up to
200 lamps per year at a waste recycling
facility, authorized to process hazardous
material, including mercury.
erowe on DSK2VPTVN1PROD with
Environmental Impacts of the Proposed
Action
The NRC staff reviewed the license
amendment request to allow up to 200
lamps each year containing Kr-85, to be
disposed at a hazardous waste recycler.
Individual lamps vary in the amount of
Kr-85 contained depending on the size
and wattage of the lamp, but contain no
more than 4 KBq (0.12uCi) of Kr-85
each. The Licensee estimates that no
more than 7MBq (0.2mCi) of Kr-85 in
VerDate Mar<15>2010
18:09 Nov 05, 2012
Jkt 229001
intact lamps will be sent for disposal
annually.
Characteristics of krypton gas are such
that exposure to workers and the general
public from Kr-85 vented from the
lamps during the recycling process will
have minimal effects. Since it is a gas,
Kr-85 will immediately disperse once
the lamp is broken. It is not considered
an inhalation hazard and does not react
with biological systems when inhaled.
Due to the minimal risks presented, the
NRC does not specify an Annual Limit
on Intake (ALI) for Kr-85.
The Licensee provided the
International Atomic Energy Agency
report, ‘‘Assessment of the Radiological
Impact of the Recycling and Disposal of
Light Bulbs Containing Tritium,
Krypton-85, and Radioisotopes of
Thorium’’ (Jones, et al., 2011). This
report was commissioned by the
European Lamp Companies Federation,
a forum developed to oversee the
European lamp manufacturers, to assess
radiation doses associated with the
recycling and disposal of lamps
containing small quantities of H-3, Kr85, and thorium. This study considered
a range of exposure scenarios in order
to estimate the highest doses received
by various individuals, including
workers at facilities that recycle lamps,
workers at incinerators, foundries, and
landfill sites, as well as members of the
public.
Highly conservative assumptions and
parameter values were used for the dose
assessment in this report in order to
ensure that the doses calculated will not
underestimate actual doses. The report
assumes that Kr-85 associated with 1.5
million metal halide lamps and 1
million glow switches in first generation
non-integrated compact fluorescent
lamps are recycled annually. This
quantity greatly exceeds the anticipated
quantities of up to 200 lamps that the
Licensee plans to recycle annually.
Corresponding exposure times for
various workers dealing with these
greater quantities are also assumed to be
much greater than the exposure times
associated with lamps shipped by the
Licensee for recycling.
Using the conservative parameter
values, doses were calculated for
workers in each of the processes used to
recycle the lamps containing Kr-85 as
well as members of the general public
living near the recycling facility. The
recycling workers’ total effective dose
was determined to be 0.5 mSv/yr (0.05
mrem) with the largest contribution
coming from working within Kr-85
vapor while manually sorting lamps
before the actual recycling process
begins. The estimated dose to members
of the public living near the recycling
PO 00000
Frm 00071
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
facility was calculated to be 4.0E–6 mSv/
yr (4.0E–7 mrem) for processing of 1.5
million lamps and 1 million glow
switches. These doses are well below
the NRC’s annual dose limits for
workers and the general public, and the
dose from the estimated 200 lamps
proposed by the licensee would be
proportionally smaller (Estimated at less
than 0.025% of the dose calculated in
the report).
The environmental impact of sending
200 lamps to a recycler would result in
sending a maximum 20,000 milligrams
of mercury to a recycler. The amount
being recycled is expected to be
significantly less since the most
commonly sold lamp contains 14
milligrams and much fewer than 200
lamps per year is expected to be sent to
the recycler. This is a non-significant
impact on the environment. For
comparison, a local recycler, NLR,
reports that they have recycled
5,270,000 milligrams of mercury in a
typical year. Thus the amount from the
Licensee would result in a maximum
increase of less than 0.38% per year.
Recycling is an authorized disposal
method for lamps containing mercury
under the Universal Waste Regulations,
40 CFR Part 273. According to the
‘‘Mercury Emissions from the Disposal
of Fluorescent Lamps’’, report (https://
www.epa.gov/wastes/hazard/
wastetypes/universal/merc-emi/mercpgs/emmrpt.pdf) dated March 1998, the
central estimated emissions from
recycling mercury in lamps would be
10% elemental and 1.09% divalent
mercury. Lamps from the Licensee are
made with triple distilled mercury
containing approximately 100%
elemental mercury. The lamps being
sent for recycling from the Licensee
consist of bulbs that prematurely failed
which leaves the mercury in an
elemental state. Thus the maximum
discharge to the environment from
recycling 200 lamps would be a
maximum of 2000 milligrams of
elemental mercury.
Environmental Impacts of the
Alternatives to the Proposed Action
The alternative to the proposed action
is to deny the requested license
amendment. The no-action alternative
would leave things as they are, resulting
in the material being disposed as mixed
waste in accordance with Universal
Waste regulations. The lamps would be
sent to a licensed radioactive waste
contractor which could result in the Kr85 being discharged—an increase in the
environmental impact—or recovered,
depending upon the methods employed
by the licensed radioactive waste
contractor. With respect to the mercury,
E:\FR\FM\06NON1.SGM
06NON1
Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 215 / Tuesday, November 6, 2012 / Notices
the environmental impact is that the
licensed radioactive waste contractor
could recycle the mercury, resulting in
the same environmental impact as
granting the license amendment or
properly dispose of the mercury by
using a Subtitle C landfill. According to
the ‘‘Mercury Emissions from the
Disposal of Fluorescent Lamps’’, report
(https://www.epa.gov/wastes/hazard/
wastetypes/universal/merc-emi/mercpgs/emmrpt.pdf) dated March 1998, the
estimated emissions from lamps being
sent to a Subtitle C landfill is 100%
elemental mercury and 0% for divalent
mercury. The resulting mercury
discharge for up to 200 lamps from the
licensee would be a maximum of 20,000
milligrams elemental mercury or ten
times the amount discharged in
recycling the lamps. Thus
environmental impacts of either method
are small, denying the amendment
request would result in similar
environmental impacts. The
environmental impacts of the proposed
action as compared to the alternative
action are similar and therefore, the
alternative action is accordingly not
further considered.
erowe on DSK2VPTVN1PROD with
Conclusion
The NRC staff has concluded that the
proposed action is consistent with NRC
regulations and guidance. The NRC staff
reviewed the dose modeling analysis
performed in the referenced report,
which considers recycling activities for
much larger quantities of lamps
containing Kr-85. The report, which
used extremely conservative parameter
values in its assessment, calculates
doses to workers involved in the
recycling of these lamps as well as
members of the public residing near the
recycling centers that are significantly
less than the NRC’s corresponding
annual dose limits. Since the quantity of
lamps and the corresponding exposure
times for workers recycling lamps from
the Licensee are much smaller than
those considered in the report the NRC
staff is confident that the resulting doses
to workers and the general public would
also be proportionally smaller.
Approving the proposed action would
allow the Licensee to ship the lamps to
a recycler for proper recycling of any of
the recoverable mercury ensuring that
the mercury is recycled. Recycling has
shown to be the best method to recover
elemental mercury which is the mercury
contained in the Licensee’s lamps.
Because the proposed action will not
significantly impact the quality of the
human environment and will allow
mercury that is recoverable to be
recycled and not disposed, the NRC staff
VerDate Mar<15>2010
15:06 Nov 05, 2012
Jkt 229001
concludes that the proposed action is
the preferred alternative.
Agencies and Persons Consulted
The NRC provided a draft of this
Environmental Assessment to the State
of Connecticut for review on April 25,
2012. On June 4, 2012, Connecticut
Department of Energy and
Environmental Protection responded by
electronic mail. The State agreed with
the conclusions of the EA, and
otherwise had no comments.
The NRC staff has determined that the
proposed action is of a procedural
nature, and will not affect listed species
or critical habitat. Therefore, no further
consultation is required under Section 7
of the Endangered Species Act. The
NRC staff has also determined that the
proposed action is not the type of
activity that has the potential to cause
effects on historic properties. Therefore,
no further consultation is required
under Section 106 of the National
Historic Preservation Act.
III. Finding of No Significant Impact
The NRC staff has prepared this EA in
support of the proposed action. On the
basis of this EA, the NRC finds that
there are no significant environmental
impacts from the proposed action, and
that preparation of an environmental
impact statement is not warranted.
Accordingly, the NRC has determined
that a Finding of No Significant Impact
is appropriate.
IV. Further Information
Documents related to this action,
including the application for license
amendment and supporting
documentation, are available
electronically at the NRC’s Electronic
Reading Room at https://www.nrc.gov/
reading-rm/adams.html. From this site,
you can access the NRC’s Agencywide
Document Access and Management
System (ADAMS), which provides text
and image files of NRC’s public
documents. The documents related to
this action are listed below, along with
their ADAMS accession numbers.
1. Licensee’s amendment request letter
dated September 9, 2011
[ML112560291]
2. Licensee’s additional information
letter dated November 17, 2011
[ML113250060]
3. Licensee’s email attachment dated
August 29, 2012 [ML12243A199]
4. Licensee’s additional information
letter received September 14, 2012
[ML12258A264].
If you do not have access to ADAMS,
or if there are problems in accessing the
documents located in ADAMS, contact
PO 00000
Frm 00072
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
66649
the NRC Public Document Room (PDR)
Reference staff at 1–800–397–4209, 301–
415–4737, or by email to pdr.resource@
nrc.gov. These documents may also be
viewed electronically on the public
computers located at the NRC’s Public
Document Room (PDR), O 1 F21, One
White Flint North, 11555 Rockville
Pike, Rockville, MD 20852. The PDR
reproduction contractor will copy
documents for a fee.
Dated at Region I, 2100 Renaissance Blvd.,
King of Prussia, this 25th day of October
2012.
For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Judith Joustra,
Chief, Commercial and R&D Branch, Division
of Nuclear Materials Safety, Region I.
[FR Doc. 2012–27065 Filed 11–5–12; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7590–01–P
NUCLEAR REGULATORY
COMMISSION
[NRC–2012–0232]
Proposed Revision to Probabilistic
Risk Assessment and Severe Accident
Evaluation for New Reactors
Nuclear Regulatory
Commission.
ACTION: Standard review plan-draft
section revision; extension of comment
period.
AGENCY:
On October 9, 2012 (77 FR
61446), the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory
Commission (NRC or the Commission),
issued a NUREG–0800, ‘‘Standard
Review Plan for the Review of Safety
Analysis Reports for Nuclear Power
Plants: LWR Edition,’’ on a proposed
Revision 3 to its Standard Review Plan
(SRP), Section 19.0 ‘‘Probabilistic Risk
Assessment and Severe Accident
Evaluation for New Reactors.’’ The NRC
is extending the public comment period
for its SRP, Section 19.0 from November
8, 2012 to December 8, 2012.
ADDRESSES: You may access information
and comment submissions related to
this document, which the NRC
possesses and are publically available,
by searching on https://
www.regulations.gov under Docket ID
NRC–2012–0232. You may submit
comments by any of the following
methods:
• Federal Rulemaking Web site: Go to
https://www.regulations.gov and search
for Docket ID NRC–2012–0232. Address
questions about NRC dockets to Carol
Gallagher; telephone: 301–492–3668;
email: Carol.Gallagher@nrc.gov.
• Mail comments to: Cindy Bladey,
Chief, Rules, Announcements, and
Directives Branch (RADB), Office of
SUMMARY:
E:\FR\FM\06NON1.SGM
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 77, Number 215 (Tuesday, November 6, 2012)]
[Notices]
[Pages 66647-66649]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2012-27065]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
[Docket No. 03038458; NRC-2012-0267]
License Amendment Request to Byproduct Material License 06-31445-
01 for Light Sources, Inc., Orange, CT
AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
ACTION: Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact
for license amendment.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Dennis Lawyer, Health Physicist,
Commercial and R&D Branch, Division of Nuclear Materials Safety, Region
I, 2100 Renaissance Blvd., King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406-2713;
telephone 610-337-5366; fax number 610-337-5269; or by email:
Dennis.Lawyer@nrc.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Introduction
The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC or the Commission) is
considering the issuance of a license amendment to Byproduct Materials
License No.06-31445-01 issued to Light Sources, Inc. (the Licensee), to
approve of proposed alternate disposal procedures under section 20.2002
of
[[Page 66648]]
Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations (10 CFR), for its facility
located at 37 Robinson Boulevard, Orange, Connecticut (the Facility).
License No. 06-31445-01 was issued by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory
Commission on September 6, 2011, pursuant to 10 CFR Part 30. This
license authorizes Light Sources, Inc. to possess and store lamps
containing up to 4 kilobecquerel (kBq) (0.12 microcuries) of krypton 85
(Kr-85) prior to initial distribution.
Pursuant to the provisions in 10 CFR 20.2002, issuance of the
license amendment would authorize the transfer of up to 200 lamps each
year to a recycling facility that handles hazardous wastes, including
mercury. The NRC has prepared an Environmental Assessment (EA) in
support of this proposed action in accordance with the requirements in
10 CFR Part 51. Based on the EA, the NRC has concluded that a Finding
of No Significant Impact (FONSI) is appropriate with respect to the
proposed action. The amendment will be issued to the Licensee following
the publication of this FONSI and EA in the Federal Register.
II. Environmental Assessment
Identification of Proposed Action
The proposed action would be granted under 10 CFR 20.2002 and
approve the Licensee's September 9, 2011, license amendment request as
modified in their letter dated November 17, 2011, by authorizing the
transfer of up to 200 lamps per year, not to exceed 4 KBq (0.12uCi) of
Kr-85 each, and utilizing a recycling facility that handles hazardous
wastes, including mercury, for disposal. The mercury would be recycled
and the krypton would be released by ventilation at the recycler.
Need for the Proposed Action
The Licensee needs this license amendment to allow disposal of up
to 200 lamps per year at a waste recycling facility, authorized to
process hazardous material, including mercury.
Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Action
The NRC staff reviewed the license amendment request to allow up to
200 lamps each year containing Kr-85, to be disposed at a hazardous
waste recycler. Individual lamps vary in the amount of Kr-85 contained
depending on the size and wattage of the lamp, but contain no more than
4 KBq (0.12uCi) of Kr-85 each. The Licensee estimates that no more than
7MBq (0.2mCi) of Kr-85 in intact lamps will be sent for disposal
annually.
Characteristics of krypton gas are such that exposure to workers
and the general public from Kr-85 vented from the lamps during the
recycling process will have minimal effects. Since it is a gas, Kr-85
will immediately disperse once the lamp is broken. It is not considered
an inhalation hazard and does not react with biological systems when
inhaled. Due to the minimal risks presented, the NRC does not specify
an Annual Limit on Intake (ALI) for Kr-85.
The Licensee provided the International Atomic Energy Agency
report, ``Assessment of the Radiological Impact of the Recycling and
Disposal of Light Bulbs Containing Tritium, Krypton-85, and
Radioisotopes of Thorium'' (Jones, et al., 2011). This report was
commissioned by the European Lamp Companies Federation, a forum
developed to oversee the European lamp manufacturers, to assess
radiation doses associated with the recycling and disposal of lamps
containing small quantities of H-3, Kr-85, and thorium. This study
considered a range of exposure scenarios in order to estimate the
highest doses received by various individuals, including workers at
facilities that recycle lamps, workers at incinerators, foundries, and
landfill sites, as well as members of the public.
Highly conservative assumptions and parameter values were used for
the dose assessment in this report in order to ensure that the doses
calculated will not underestimate actual doses. The report assumes that
Kr-85 associated with 1.5 million metal halide lamps and 1 million glow
switches in first generation non-integrated compact fluorescent lamps
are recycled annually. This quantity greatly exceeds the anticipated
quantities of up to 200 lamps that the Licensee plans to recycle
annually. Corresponding exposure times for various workers dealing with
these greater quantities are also assumed to be much greater than the
exposure times associated with lamps shipped by the Licensee for
recycling.
Using the conservative parameter values, doses were calculated for
workers in each of the processes used to recycle the lamps containing
Kr-85 as well as members of the general public living near the
recycling facility. The recycling workers' total effective dose was
determined to be 0.5 [mu]Sv/yr (0.05 mrem) with the largest
contribution coming from working within Kr-85 vapor while manually
sorting lamps before the actual recycling process begins. The estimated
dose to members of the public living near the recycling facility was
calculated to be 4.0E-6 [mu]Sv/yr (4.0E-7 mrem) for processing of 1.5
million lamps and 1 million glow switches. These doses are well below
the NRC's annual dose limits for workers and the general public, and
the dose from the estimated 200 lamps proposed by the licensee would be
proportionally smaller (Estimated at less than 0.025% of the dose
calculated in the report).
The environmental impact of sending 200 lamps to a recycler would
result in sending a maximum 20,000 milligrams of mercury to a recycler.
The amount being recycled is expected to be significantly less since
the most commonly sold lamp contains 14 milligrams and much fewer than
200 lamps per year is expected to be sent to the recycler. This is a
non-significant impact on the environment. For comparison, a local
recycler, NLR, reports that they have recycled 5,270,000 milligrams of
mercury in a typical year. Thus the amount from the Licensee would
result in a maximum increase of less than 0.38% per year. Recycling is
an authorized disposal method for lamps containing mercury under the
Universal Waste Regulations, 40 CFR Part 273. According to the
``Mercury Emissions from the Disposal of Fluorescent Lamps'', report
(https://www.epa.gov/wastes/hazard/wastetypes/universal/merc-emi/merc-pgs/emmrpt.pdf) dated March 1998, the central estimated emissions from
recycling mercury in lamps would be 10% elemental and 1.09% divalent
mercury. Lamps from the Licensee are made with triple distilled mercury
containing approximately 100% elemental mercury. The lamps being sent
for recycling from the Licensee consist of bulbs that prematurely
failed which leaves the mercury in an elemental state. Thus the maximum
discharge to the environment from recycling 200 lamps would be a
maximum of 2000 milligrams of elemental mercury.
Environmental Impacts of the Alternatives to the Proposed Action
The alternative to the proposed action is to deny the requested
license amendment. The no-action alternative would leave things as they
are, resulting in the material being disposed as mixed waste in
accordance with Universal Waste regulations. The lamps would be sent to
a licensed radioactive waste contractor which could result in the Kr-85
being discharged--an increase in the environmental impact--or
recovered, depending upon the methods employed by the licensed
radioactive waste contractor. With respect to the mercury,
[[Page 66649]]
the environmental impact is that the licensed radioactive waste
contractor could recycle the mercury, resulting in the same
environmental impact as granting the license amendment or properly
dispose of the mercury by using a Subtitle C landfill. According to the
``Mercury Emissions from the Disposal of Fluorescent Lamps'', report
(https://www.epa.gov/wastes/hazard/wastetypes/universal/merc-emi/merc-pgs/emmrpt.pdf) dated March 1998, the estimated emissions from lamps
being sent to a Subtitle C landfill is 100% elemental mercury and 0%
for divalent mercury. The resulting mercury discharge for up to 200
lamps from the licensee would be a maximum of 20,000 milligrams
elemental mercury or ten times the amount discharged in recycling the
lamps. Thus environmental impacts of either method are small, denying
the amendment request would result in similar environmental impacts.
The environmental impacts of the proposed action as compared to the
alternative action are similar and therefore, the alternative action is
accordingly not further considered.
Conclusion
The NRC staff has concluded that the proposed action is consistent
with NRC regulations and guidance. The NRC staff reviewed the dose
modeling analysis performed in the referenced report, which considers
recycling activities for much larger quantities of lamps containing Kr-
85. The report, which used extremely conservative parameter values in
its assessment, calculates doses to workers involved in the recycling
of these lamps as well as members of the public residing near the
recycling centers that are significantly less than the NRC's
corresponding annual dose limits. Since the quantity of lamps and the
corresponding exposure times for workers recycling lamps from the
Licensee are much smaller than those considered in the report the NRC
staff is confident that the resulting doses to workers and the general
public would also be proportionally smaller. Approving the proposed
action would allow the Licensee to ship the lamps to a recycler for
proper recycling of any of the recoverable mercury ensuring that the
mercury is recycled. Recycling has shown to be the best method to
recover elemental mercury which is the mercury contained in the
Licensee's lamps. Because the proposed action will not significantly
impact the quality of the human environment and will allow mercury that
is recoverable to be recycled and not disposed, the NRC staff concludes
that the proposed action is the preferred alternative.
Agencies and Persons Consulted
The NRC provided a draft of this Environmental Assessment to the
State of Connecticut for review on April 25, 2012. On June 4, 2012,
Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection responded
by electronic mail. The State agreed with the conclusions of the EA,
and otherwise had no comments.
The NRC staff has determined that the proposed action is of a
procedural nature, and will not affect listed species or critical
habitat. Therefore, no further consultation is required under Section 7
of the Endangered Species Act. The NRC staff has also determined that
the proposed action is not the type of activity that has the potential
to cause effects on historic properties. Therefore, no further
consultation is required under Section 106 of the National Historic
Preservation Act.
III. Finding of No Significant Impact
The NRC staff has prepared this EA in support of the proposed
action. On the basis of this EA, the NRC finds that there are no
significant environmental impacts from the proposed action, and that
preparation of an environmental impact statement is not warranted.
Accordingly, the NRC has determined that a Finding of No Significant
Impact is appropriate.
IV. Further Information
Documents related to this action, including the application for
license amendment and supporting documentation, are available
electronically at the NRC's Electronic Reading Room at https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html. From this site, you can access the
NRC's Agencywide Document Access and Management System (ADAMS), which
provides text and image files of NRC's public documents. The documents
related to this action are listed below, along with their ADAMS
accession numbers.
1. Licensee's amendment request letter dated September 9, 2011
[ML112560291]
2. Licensee's additional information letter dated November 17, 2011
[ML113250060]
3. Licensee's email attachment dated August 29, 2012 [ML12243A199]
4. Licensee's additional information letter received September 14, 2012
[ML12258A264].
If you do not have access to ADAMS, or if there are problems in
accessing the documents located in ADAMS, contact the NRC Public
Document Room (PDR) Reference staff at 1-800-397-4209, 301-415-4737, or
by email to pdr.resource@nrc.gov. These documents may also be viewed
electronically on the public computers located at the NRC's Public
Document Room (PDR), O 1 F21, One White Flint North, 11555 Rockville
Pike, Rockville, MD 20852. The PDR reproduction contractor will copy
documents for a fee.
Dated at Region I, 2100 Renaissance Blvd., King of Prussia, this
25th day of October 2012.
For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Judith Joustra,
Chief, Commercial and R&D Branch, Division of Nuclear Materials Safety,
Region I.
[FR Doc. 2012-27065 Filed 11-5-12; 8:45 am]
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