Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedures for Residential Dishwashers, Dehumidifiers, and Conventional Cooking Products, 65941-65997 [2012-25645]
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Vol. 77
Wednesday,
No. 211
October 31, 2012
Part II
Department of Energy
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10 CFR Parts 429 and 430
Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedures for Residential
Dishwashers, Dehumidifiers, and Conventional Cooking Products; Final
Rule
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Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 211 / Wednesday, October 31, 2012 / Rules and Regulations
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
10 CFR Parts 429 and 430
[Docket No. EERE–2010–BT–TP–0039]
RIN 1904–AC01
Energy Conservation Program: Test
Procedures for Residential
Dishwashers, Dehumidifiers, and
Conventional Cooking Products
Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy, Department of
Energy.
ACTION: Final rule.
AGENCY:
The U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE) establishes new test
procedures for residential dishwashers
and dehumidifiers, and amends the
currently applicable test procedure for
conventional cooking products under
the Energy Policy and Conservation Act.
The new test procedures include
provisions for measuring standby mode
and off mode energy consumption, and
update the provisions for measuring
active mode energy consumption and,
for dishwashers, water consumption.
This final rule also amends the
certification, compliance, and
enforcement requirements for
dishwashers, dehumidifiers and
conventional cooking products, amends
certain provisions in the currently
applicable dishwasher test procedure,
and eliminates an obsolete energy
efficiency metric in the dishwasher test
procedure and provisions in the cooking
products test procedure that have
become obsolete due to the elimination
of standing pilot lights.
DATES: Effective date: The effective date
of this rule is December 17, 2012.
Compliance Dates: The new test
procedures for dishwashers and
dehumidifiers and the final rule changes
to the currently applicable test
procedure for conventional cooking
products will be mandatory to
demonstrate compliance with the
applicable energy conservation
standards starting on the compliance
date of any amended standards for
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and
conventional cooking products. For
dishwashers, this date will be May 30,
2013, the compliance date of the direct
final rule published on May 30, 2012,
unless the direct final rule is withdrawn
as a result of adverse comment. Use of
the replacement items for obsolete
dishware, flatware, and food items in
the currently applicable dishwasher test
procedure will be required on December
17, 2012. Voluntary early use of the new
dishwasher and dehumidifier test
procedures and the final rule changes to
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SUMMARY:
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the currently applicable test procedure
for conventional cooking products to
demonstrate compliance with
applicable energy conservation
standards or for representations of
energy use (including the new standby
mode and off mode provisions) is
permissible on or after December 17,
2012.
The incorporation by reference of
certain publications listed in this
rulemaking is approved by the Director
of the Office of the Federal Register as
of December 17, 2012.
ADDRESSES: The docket is available for
review at regulations.gov, including
Federal Register notices, framework
documents, public meeting attendee
lists and transcripts, comments, and
other supporting documents/materials.
All documents in the docket are listed
in the regulations.gov index. However,
not all documents listed in the index
may be publicly available, such as
information that is exempt from public
disclosure. The docket Web page can be
found at: www.regulations.gov/
#!docketDetail;rpp=10;po=0;D=EERE2010-BT-TP-0039. This Web page will
contain a link to the docket for this
notice on the regulations.gov site. The
regulations.gov Web page will contain
simple instructions on how to access all
documents, including public comments,
in the docket.
For further information on how to
review the docket, contact Ms. Brenda
Edwards at (202) 586–2945 or by email:
Brenda.Edwards@ee.doe.gov.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr.
Wes Anderson, U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy, Building
Technologies Program, EE–2J, 1000
Independence Avenue SW.,
Washington, DC, 20585–0121.
Telephone: (202) 586–7335. Email:
Wes.Anderson@ee.doe.gov.
Ms. Elizabeth Kohl, U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of the General Counsel,
GC–71, 1000 Independence Avenue
SW., Washington, DC, 20585–0121.
Telephone: (202) 586–7796. Email:
Elizabeth.Kohl@hq.doe.gov.
This final
rule incorporates by reference into parts
429 and 430 the following industry
standards:
(1) ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010,
American National Standard,
‘‘Household Electric Dishwashers.’’
(2) ANSI/AHAM DH–1–2008.
American National Standard,
‘‘Dehumidifiers.’’
Copies of AHAM standards can be
obtained from the Association of Home
Appliance Manufacturers, 1111 19th
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
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Street NW., Suite 402, Washington DC
20036, 202 872–5955, or www.aham.org.
Table of Contents
I. Authority and Background
A. General Test Procedure Rulemaking
Process
B. Summary of Current Test Procedures
1. Dishwashers
2. Dehumidifiers
3. Conventional Cooking Products
C. Summary of the Current Rulemaking
1. The December 2010 NOPR
2. The September 2011 SNOPR
3. The May 2012 SNOPR
4. The August 2012 SNOPR
II. Summary of the Final Rule
III. Discussion
A. Products Covered by the Proposed Test
Procedure Amendments
B. Compliance Date
C. Incorporation of IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition) for Measuring Standby
Mode and Off Mode Power Consumption
D. Determination and Classification of
Operational Modes
1. Active Mode, Standby Mode, and Off
Mode
2. Additional Product-Specific Modes
3. Network Mode
4. Disconnected Mode
E. Specifications for the Test Methods and
Measurements for Standby Mode and Off
Mode Testing
1. Ambient Conditions, Including for
Active Mode
2. Installation and Power Supply
Requirements
3. Standby Mode and Off Mode Testing
Methodology
F. Calculation of Energy Use Associated
With Operational Modes
1. Standby Mode and Off Mode
2. Fan-Only Mode
3. Dishwasher Water Softener Regeneration
G. Measures of Energy Consumption
1. Dishwashers
2. Dehumidifiers
3. Conventional Cooking Products
H. Dishwasher Test Procedure
Clarifications
1. Energy Test Cycle Selection and Normal
Cycle Definition
2. Preconditioning
3. Detergent
4. Power Supply Requirements
5. Updated Industry Standard
6. Water Pressure
7. Water Hardness
8. Drain Height
9. Test Load Specifications and Soiling
Requirements, Including Obsolete
Dishware and Food Items
10. Rack Position and Loading
11. Rinse Aid Container
12. Technical Corrections
I. Incorporation by Reference of an
Updated AHAM Dehumidifier Test
Procedure
J. Removal of Obsolete Measures of Gas
Pilot Light Energy Consumption in the
Conventional Cooking Products Test
Procedure and of Energy Factor
Calculations for Dishwashers
K. Compliance With Other EPCA
Requirements
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1. Test Burden
2. Certification Requirements
IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review
A. Review Under Executive Order 12866
B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility
Act
C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction
Act of 1995
D. Review Under the National
Environmental Policy Act of 1969
E. Review Under Executive Order 13132
F. Review Under Executive Order 12988
G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates
Reform Act of 1995
H. Review Under the Treasury and General
Government Appropriations Act, 1999
I. Review Under Executive Order 12630
J. Review Under Treasury and General
Government Appropriations Act, 2001
K. Review Under Executive Order 13211
L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal
Energy Administration Act of 1974
M. Congressional Notification
V. Approval of the Office of the Secretary
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I. Authority and Background
Title III of the Energy Policy and
Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6291, et
seq.; ‘‘EPCA’’ or, ‘‘the Act’’) sets forth a
variety of provisions designed to
improve energy efficiency. (All
references to EPCA refer to the statute
as amended through the Energy
Independence and Security Act of 2007
(EISA 2007), Public Law 110–140 (Dec.
19, 2007)). Part B of title III, which for
editorial reasons was redesignated as
Part A upon incorporation into the U.S.
Code (42 U.S.C. 6291–6309), establishes
the ‘‘Energy Conservation Program for
Consumer Products Other Than
Automobiles.’’ These include residential
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and
conventional cooking products,1 the
subject of today’s final rule. (42 U.S.C.
6292(a)(6) and (10); 6295(cc))
Under EPCA, this program consists
essentially of four parts: (1) Testing, (2)
labeling, (3) Federal energy conservation
standards, and (4) certification and
enforcement procedures. The testing
requirements consist of test procedures
that manufacturers of covered products
must use as the basis for certifying to
DOE that their products comply with
the applicable energy conservation
standards adopted under EPCA, and for
making representations about the
efficiency of those products. Similarly,
DOE must use these test requirements to
determine whether the products comply
with any relevant standards
promulgated under EPCA.
1 The
term ‘‘conventional cooking products,’’ as
used in this notice, refers to residential electric and
gas kitchen ovens, ranges, and cooktops (other than
microwave ovens).
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A. General Test Procedure Rulemaking
Process
consumption of audio, video, and
related equipment.’’ 2 Id.
Under 42 U.S.C. 6293, EPCA sets forth
the criteria and procedures DOE must
follow when prescribing or amending
test procedures for covered products.
EPCA provides that any test procedures
prescribed or amended under this
section shall be reasonably designed to
produce test results which measure
energy efficiency, energy use or
estimated annual operating cost of a
covered product during a representative
average use cycle or period of use and
shall not be unduly burdensome to
conduct. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3))
In addition, if DOE determines that a
test procedure amendment is warranted,
it must publish proposed test
procedures and offer the public an
opportunity to present oral and written
comments on them. (42 U.S.C.
6293(b)(2)) Finally, in any rulemaking to
amend a test procedure, DOE must
determine to what extent, if any, the
proposed test procedure would alter the
measured energy efficiency of any
covered product as determined under
the existing test procedure. (42 U.S.C.
6293(e))
EPCA, in relevant part, requires DOE
to amend the test procedures for all
residential covered products to include
measures of standby mode and off mode
energy consumption. Specifically, EPCA
provides definitions of ‘‘standby mode’’
and ‘‘off mode’’ (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(1)(A)) and permits DOE to
amend these definitions in the context
of a given product (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(1)(B)). The statute requires
integration of such energy consumption
into the overall energy efficiency,
energy consumption, or other energy
descriptor for each covered product,
unless the Secretary determines that—
(i) The current test procedures for a
covered product already fully account
for and incorporate the standby mode
and off mode energy consumption of the
covered product; or
(ii) such an integrated test procedure
is technically infeasible for a particular
covered product, in which case the
Secretary shall prescribe a separate
standby mode and off mode energy use
test procedure for the covered product,
if technically feasible. (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(2)(A))
Any such amendment must consider
the most current versions of IEC
Standard 62301, ‘‘Household electrical
appliances—Measurement of standby
power,’’ and IEC Standard 62087,
‘‘Methods of measurement for the power
B. Summary of Current Test Procedures
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1. Dishwashers
DOE’s test procedure for dishwashers
is found in the Code of Federal
Regulations (CFR) at 10 CFR part 430,
subpart B, appendix C. DOE originally
established its test procedure for
dishwashers in 1977. 42 FR 39964 (Aug.
8, 1977). Since that time, the
dishwasher test procedure has
undergone a number of amendments, as
discussed below. In 1983, DOE
amended the test procedure to revise the
representative average-use cycles to
more accurately reflect consumer use
and to address dishwashers that use 120
degrees Fahrenheit (°F) inlet water. 48
FR 9202 (Mar. 3, 1983). DOE amended
the test procedure again in 1984 to
redefine the term ‘‘water heating
dishwasher.’’ 49 FR 46533 (Nov. 27,
1984). In 1987, DOE amended the test
procedure to address models that use
50 °F inlet water. 52 FR 47549 (Dec. 15,
1987). In 2001, DOE revised the test
procedure’s testing specifications to
improve testing repeatability, changed
the definitions of ‘‘compact
dishwasher’’ and ‘‘standard
dishwasher,’’ and reduced the average
number of use cycles per year from 322
to 264. 66 FR 65091, 65095–97 (Dec. 18,
2001). In 2003, DOE again revised the
test procedure to more accurately
measure dishwasher efficiency, energy
use, and water use. The 2003
dishwasher test procedure amendments
included the following revisions: (1)
The addition of a method to rate the
efficiency of soil-sensing products; (2)
the addition of a method to measure
standby power; and (3) a reduction in
the average-use cycles per year from 264
to 215. 68 FR 51887, 51899–903 (Aug.
29, 2003). The current version of the test
procedure includes provisions for
determining estimated annual energy
use (EAEU), estimated annual operating
cost (EAOC), energy factor (EF)
expressed in cycles per kilowatt-hour
(kWh), and water consumption
expressed in gallons per cycle. 10 CFR
430.23(c).
2. Dehumidifiers
The DOE test procedure for
dehumidifiers is found at 10 CFR part
430, subpart B, appendix X. EPCA
specifies that the dehumidifier test
procedure must be based on the U.S.
2 DOE also considered IEC Standard 62087, which
addresses the methods of measuring the power
consumption of audio, video, and related
equipment and is therefore not applicable to the
products at issue in this rulemaking.
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Environmental Protection Agency’s
(EPA) test criteria used under the
ENERGY STAR 3 program unless revised
by DOE. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(13)) The
ENERGY STAR test criteria effective in
January 2001 require that American
National Standards Institute (ANSI)/
Association of Home Appliance
Manufacturers (AHAM) Standard DH–1,
‘‘Dehumidifiers,’’ be used to measure
capacity and that the Canadian
Standards Association (CAN/CSA)
standard CAN/CSA–C749–1994
(R2005), ‘‘Performance of
Dehumidifiers,’’ be used to calculate EF.
DOE adopted those test criteria, along
with related definitions and tolerances,
as its test procedure for dehumidifiers.
71 FR 71340, 71347, 71366–68 (Dec. 8,
2006). The DOE test procedure provides
methods for determining the EF for
dehumidifiers, which is expressed in
liters (l) of water condensed per kWh.
3. Conventional Cooking Products
DOE’s test procedures for
conventional ranges, cooktops, and
ovens (including microwave ovens) are
found at 10 CFR 430, subpart B,
appendix I. DOE first established the
test procedures included in appendix I
in a final rule published in the Federal
Register on May 10, 1978. 43 FR 20108,
20120–28. DOE revised its test
procedure for cooking products to more
accurately measure their efficiency and
energy use, and published the revisions
as a final rule in 1997. 62 FR 51976
(Oct. 3, 1997). These test procedure
amendments included: (1) A reduction
in the annual useful cooking energy; (2)
a reduction in the number of selfcleaning oven cycles per year; and (3)
incorporation of portions of IEC
Standard 705–1988, ‘‘Methods for
measuring the performance of
microwave ovens for household and
similar purposes,’’ and Amendment 2–
1993 for the testing of microwave ovens.
Id. The test procedure for conventional
cooking products establishes provisions
for determining EAOC, cooking
efficiency (defined as the ratio of
cooking energy output to cooking energy
input), and EF (defined as the ratio of
annual useful cooking energy output to
total annual energy input). 10 CFR
430.23(i); 10 CFR 430 subpart B,
appendix I. There is currently no
EnergyGuide 4 labeling program for
cooking products.
With respect to today’s rulemaking,
DOE issues a final rule amending its
cooking products test procedure for
3 For more information on the ENERGY STAR
program, see: www.energystar.gov.
4 For more information on the EnergyGuide
labeling program, see: www.access.gpo.gov/nara/
cfr/waisidx_00/16cfr305_00.html.
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conventional cooking products without
addressing power consumption for
microwave ovens. DOE is considering
establishing a test procedure for active
mode microwave oven energy use. (77
FR 33106 (June 5, 2012)) 5 DOE has also
initiated a separate test procedure
rulemaking to address standby mode
and off mode power consumption for
microwave ovens. See 73 FR 62134 (Oct.
17, 2008); 75 FR 42612 (July 22, 2010);
76 FR 12825 (March 9, 2011) (hereafter
referred to as the March 2011 Interim
Final Rule). 76 FR 72332 (Nov. 23,
2011); 77 FR 28805 (May 16, 2012).
C. Summary of the Current Rulemaking
1. The December 2010 NOPR
On December 2, 2010, DOE published
a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
(NOPR) (hereafter referred to as the
December 2010 NOPR) in which it
proposed to incorporate by reference
into the test procedures for dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products specific provisions
from IEC Standard 62301 ‘‘Household
electrical appliances—Measurement of
standby power,’’ First Edition 2005–06
(IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition) or
‘‘First Edition’’) regarding test
conditions and test procedures for
measuring standby mode and off mode
power consumption. 75 FR 75290,
75295–97. DOE also proposed to
incorporate into each test procedure
definitions of ‘‘active mode,’’ ‘‘standby
mode,’’ and ‘‘off mode’’ based on the
definitions for those terms provided in
the most current draft of an updated
version of IEC Standard 62301. Id. at
75297–300. Further, DOE proposed to
include in each test procedure
additional language that would clarify
the application of clauses from IEC
Standard 62301 (First Edition) for
measuring standby mode and off mode
power consumption.6 Id. at 75300–04.
DOE held a public meeting on December
17, 2010 (hereafter referred to as the
NOPR Public Meeting) to receive
comments on the December 2010 NOPR,
and accepted written comments, data,
and information until February 15,
2011. Commenters to the December
5 DOE repealed its previous test procedure to
measure the active mode energy use for microwave
ovens after determining that the procedure did not
procedure accurate and repeatable results. 75 FR
42579 (July 22, 2010).
6 EISA 2007 directs DOE to also consider IEC
Standard 62087 when amending its test procedure
to include standby mode and off mode energy
consumption. See 42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A). DOE
considered IEC Standard 62087 and determined
that the standard addresses the methods of
measuring the power consumption of audio, video,
and related equipment and is therefore not
applicable to the products addressed in today’s
proposal.
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2010 NOPR suggested that the draft
updated version of IEC Standard 62301
would provide practical improvement to
the mode definitions and testing
methodology for the test procedures that
are the subject of this rulemaking.
2. The September 2011 Supplemental
Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
(SNOPR)
The IEC adopted and published IEC
Standard 62301, ‘‘Household electrical
appliances—Measurement of standby
power,’’ Edition 2.0 2011–01 (IEC
Standard 62301 (Second Edition) or
‘‘Second Edition’’) on January 27, 2011.
DOE reviewed this latest version of the
IEC standard and determined that it
improves some measurements of
standby mode and off mode energy use.
Accordingly, DOE proposed in an
SNOPR published in the Federal
Register on September 20, 2011 (76 FR
58346) (hereafter referred to as the
September 2011 SNOPR), to incorporate
certain provisions of the IEC Standard
62301 (Second Edition), along with
clarifying language, into the DOE test
procedures for residential dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products. Other than the
specific amendments proposed in the
September 2011 SNOPR, the test
procedure amendments in the December
2010 NOPR were not affected.
3. The May 2012 SNOPR
In response to comments received on
the September 2011 SNOPR, DOE
published an SNOPR on May 25, 2012
(77 FR 31444) (hereafter referred to as
the May 2012 SNOPR). DOE proposed to
amend the dishwasher test procedure to
remove an obsolete efficiency metric
and to include measures of energy
consumption in fan-only mode,
measures of energy and water
consumption due to periodic water
softener regeneration, and clarified
specifications for the normal cycle,
power supply, energy test cycle,
detergent dosing, and test load
requirements. DOE also proposed
amendments to the cooking products
test procedure to measure energy
consumption in conventional oven fanonly mode and remove obsolete
provisions for gas pilot lights in the
cooking products test procedure. For
dehumidifiers, DOE proposed to update
the industry test method specified in the
test procedure. These proposals
addressed comments received from
interested parties in response to the
December 2010 NOPR and September
2011 NOPR, and incorporated methods
provided in test procedure waivers
granted by DOE for certain watersoftening dishwashers. (See 75 FR
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(June 6, 2012))
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4. The August 2012 SNOPR
In response to comments received on
the May 2012 SNOPR and during a
public meeting held June 1, 2012
(hereafter referred to as the 2012 Public
Meeting), DOE published an SNOPR on
August 15, 2012 (77 FR 49064)
(hereafter referred to as the August 2012
SNOPR) proposing to update certain
obsolete dishware, flatware and food
items used in the dishwasher test
procedure; 7 amend the definition of the
normal cycle, update the ambient
temperature and preconditioning
requirements; and update the referenced
industry test method in the dishwasher
test procedure. DOE also proposed to
add water pressure, drain height, rack
position, loading, rinse aid container,
and soil preparation specifications to
the dishwasher test procedure. DOE
additionally proposed, for both
dishwashers and cooking products, a
revised test procedure to measure
energy use in fan-only mode based on
DOE analysis and comments received
on the May 2012 SNOPR.
II. Summary of the Final Rule
In this final rule, DOE establishes new
test procedures for residential
dishwashers and dehumidifiers, and
amends the test procedures for
conventional cooking products, to
incorporate by reference provisions
from IEC Standard 62301 (Second
Edition) for the measurement of energy
use in standby mode and off mode, and,
for dishwashers and conventional
cooking products, methodology for the
measurement of fan-only mode energy
use, in the energy efficiency metrics.
In the new dishwasher test procedure
established in today’s final rule, DOE
also: (1) Adds a measure of the annual
energy and water use associated with
periodic water softener system
regeneration for those dishwashers
equipped with such systems; and (2)
incorporates by reference the updated
industry test standard AHAM DW–1–
2009, which upon acceptance by ANSI
was designated as ANSI/AHAM DW–1–
2010, American National Standard,
‘‘Household Electric Dishwashers.’’
The final rule also clarifies in the new
dishwasher test procedure: (1) The
definitions of normal cycle, soil-sensing
dishwasher, and non-soil-sensing
dishwasher; (2) power supply
requirements during testing; (3) energy
7 The terms ‘‘obsolete’’ or ‘‘nearly obsolete’’ used
in this context mean that the test load item, food
item, or detergent is unavailable on the market or
is available in such limited supply that it is not
sufficiently available for testing purposes.
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test cycle requirements for soil-sensing
dishwashers; (4) test load specifications
and soiling requirements; (5) detergent
dosing specifications; (6) rinse aid
dosing specifications; and (7) length of
time soils may sit before they are
applied to dishware.
The final rule also amends the testing
conditions in the new dishwasher test
procedure by: (1) Specifying the use of
two pre-conditioning cycles to ensure
the turbidity sensor is calibrated, (2)
establishing maximum allowable time
for the water pressure to reach the
specified test conditions for improved
repeatability and reproducibility, and
(3) specifying drain height and rack
position in the absence of
manufacturer’s instructions to improve
reproducibility.
In today’s final rule, DOE also amends
the current dishwasher test procedure to
replace the obsolete flatware, dishware,
and food items specified in the current
test procedure with those proposed in
Table 1 of the August 2012 SNOPR,
except that the current cup and saucer
and alternate fruit bowl specifications
are retained and the product numbers
are updated. The same replacement
items are specified in the new
dishwasher test procedure.
The final rule also updates the
industry test method specified in the
new dehumidifier test procedure. As
noted above, EPCA specifies that the
dehumidifier test procedure must be
based on EPA’s test criteria used under
the ENERGY STAR program unless
revised by DOE. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(13))
The ENERGY STAR test criteria
effective in January 2001 require that
ANSI/AHAM Standard DH–1,
‘‘Dehumidifiers,’’ be used to measure
energy use. DOE incorporates the most
current version of the DH–1 standard
(DH–1–2008) into the new test
procedure for dehumidifiers.
Finally, today’s final rule eliminates
an obsolete metric from the dishwasher
test procedure and provisions in the
cooking products test procedure that
have become obsolete due to the
elimination of standing pilot lights. For
cooking products, DOE eliminates
measures of pilot light energy
consumption from the test procedure. In
a final rule published April 8, 2009,
DOE established standards that prohibit
constant-burning pilot lights in gas
cooking products manufactured on or
after April 9, 2012. 74 FR 16040. For
dishwashers, DOE removes the
calculation of EF from the dishwasher
test procedure because the current
dishwasher energy conservation
standards no longer require it for
compliance or representations.
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III. Discussion
A. Products Covered by the Proposed
Test Procedure Amendments
The amendments adopted in today’s
final rule to the DOE test procedures
cover dishwashers, which DOE
currently defines as follows:
Dishwasher means a cabinet-like appliance
which with the aid of water and detergent,
washes, rinses, and dries (when a drying
process is included) dishware, glassware,
eating utensils, and most cooking utensils by
chemical, mechanical and/or electrical
means and discharges to the plumbing
drainage system. (10 CFR 430.2)
Today’s amendments to the DOE test
procedures also cover dehumidifiers,
which DOE currently defines as follows:
Dehumidifier means a self-contained,
electrically operated, and mechanically
refrigerated encased assembly consisting of—
(1) A refrigerated surface (evaporator) that
condenses moisture from the atmosphere;
(2) A refrigerating system, including an
electric motor;
(3) An air-circulating fan; and
(4) Means for collecting or disposing of the
condensate. Id.
Finally, today’s amendments to the
DOE test procedures also cover cooking
products, specifically conventional
cooking products, which are currently
defined as:
Cooking products means consumer
products that are used as the major
household cooking appliances. They are
designed to cook or heat different types of
food by one or more of the following sources
of heat: Gas, electricity, or microwave energy.
Each product may consist of a horizontal
cooking top containing one or more surface
units and/or one or more heating
compartments. They must be one of the
following classes: conventional ranges,
conventional cooking tops, conventional
ovens, microwave ovens, microwave/
conventional ranges and other cooking
products.8
Conventional cooking top means a class of
kitchen ranges and ovens which is a
household cooking appliance consisting of a
horizontal surface containing one or more
surface units which include either a gas
flame or electric resistance heating.
Conventional oven means a class of kitchen
ranges and ovens which is a household
cooking appliance consisting of one or more
compartments intended for the cooking or
heating of food by means of either a gas flame
or electric resistance heating. It does not
include portable or countertop ovens which
use electric resistance heating for the cooking
or heating of food and are designed for an
electrical supply of approximately 120 volts.
Conventional range means a class of
kitchen ranges and ovens which is a
household cooking appliance consisting of a
8 As stated in Section I, DOE is addressing test
procedures for microwaves in separate rulemaking
proceedings.
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conventional cooking top and one or more
conventional ovens. Id.
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DOE did not propose any
amendments to these definitions in the
December 2010 NOPR, the September
2011 SNOPR, the May 2012 SNOPR, or
the August 2012 SNOPR.
Whirlpool Corporation (Whirlpool)
commented that the definitions of
conventional cooking top, conventional
oven, and conventional range should
include electromagnetic induction as a
means of cooking or heating, so that
induction cooking products would be
covered. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2) 9
DOE may consider amendments to its
cooking products test procedure to
address active, standby, and off mode
energy use of induction cooking
products in a separate rulemaking.
BSH Home Appliances (BSH) asked
how double ovens, microwave ovens,
combination microwave ovens, and
other combination products would be
treated under this test procedure. (BSH,
NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10
at pp. 21–22) 10 DOE proposed in the
December 2010 SNOPR that the
integrated energy factor of combinations
of ovens and cooktops other than a
kitchen range (i.e., a cooktop and oven
combined), which would include
products with two conventional ovens,
would be the sum of the annual useful
cooking energy output of each
component divided by the sum of the
total integrated annual energy
consumption of each component,
according to calculations newly
provided in the test procedure. 75 FR
75290, 75333 (Dec. 2, 2010). DOE did
not receive further comments or
information regarding combination
conventional cooking products, and this
proposal was not affected by the
subsequent SNOPRs. As discussed in
9 A notation in the form ‘‘Whirlpool, No. 12 at p.
2’’ identifies a written comment: (1) Made by
Whirlpool Corporation; (2) recorded in document
number 12 that is filed in the docket of the
residential dishwasher, dehumidifier, and
conventional cooking products test procedures
rulemaking (Docket No. EERE–2010–BT–TP–0039)
and available for review at www.regulations.gov;
and (3) which appears on page 2 of document
number 12.
10 A notation in the form ‘‘BSH, NOPR Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 21–22’’ identifies
an oral comment that DOE received during the
December 17, 2010, NOPR public meeting, was
recorded in the public meeting transcript in the
docket for the residential dishwasher, dehumidifier,
and conventional cooking products test procedures
rulemaking (Docket No. EERE–2010–BT–TP–0039),
and is available for review at www.regulations.gov.
This particular notation refers to a comment (1)
made by BSH Home Appliances during the public
meeting; (2) recorded in document number 10,
which is the public meeting transcript that is filed
in the docket of the residential dishwasher,
dehumidifier, and conventional cooking products
test procedures rulemaking; and (3) which appears
on pages 21–22 of document number 10.
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Section I, DOE is addressing microwave
ovens, including combination
microwave ovens, in a separate
rulemaking.
In the absence of additional
comments or input, DOE does not
amend its current definitions of
dishwasher, dehumidifier, conventional
cooking product, conventional cooking
top, conventional oven, or conventional
range in today’s final rule.
B. Compliance Date
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE
proposed that the amended test
procedures for residential dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products would become
effective 30 days after the test procedure
final rule is published in the Federal
Register. Any added procedures and
calculations for standby mode and off
mode energy consumption resulting
from implementation of EISA 2007,
however, would not need to be
performed to determine compliance
with the current energy conservation
standards. Manufacturers would be
required to use the standby mode and
off mode provisions to demonstrate
compliance with DOE’s energy
conservation standards on the
mandatory compliance date of a final
rule establishing amended energy
conservation standards for dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products that address standby
mode and off mode energy
consumption. As of 180 days after
publication of a test procedure final
rule, any representations related to the
standby mode and off mode energy
consumption of these products would
be required to be based upon results
generated under the applicable
provision of these test procedures, in
accordance with 42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2). 75
FR 75290, 75294–95 (Dec. 2, 2010).
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE
proposed amendments clarifying the
dishwasher test procedure that would
apply on the effective date of the
amended dishwasher test procedure
(i.e., 30 days after the date of
publication of the test procedure final
rule in the Federal Register). 77 FR
31444, 31450–52 (May 25, 2012). DOE
also proposed methods by which the
energy and water use of dishwasher
water softener regeneration would be
measured, as well as provisions to
measure dishwasher and conventional
cooking products fan-only mode energy
consumption that would be required to
be included in the energy efficiency
metrics upon the compliance date of
any updated dishwasher and
conventional cooking product energy
conservation standards addressing
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standby mode and off mode energy use.
77 FR 31444, 31451 (May 25, 2012). In
the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed
additional amendments to specify test
load and soil items in place of obsolete
or potentially obsolete items in the
dishwasher test procedure that would
be required 30 days after publication of
the test procedure final rule in the
Federal Register, and sought comment
on whether the specified items could be
procured in 30 days. (77 FR 49064,
49065 (Aug, 15, 2012)).
AHAM, BSH, Samsung Electronics
America, Inc. (Samsung), and Whirlpool
commented that DOE should clarify
when the dishwasher test procedure
amendments that could impact
measured energy use, particularly the
fan-only mode and water softener
regeneration energy measurements,
would be required for compliance with
dishwasher energy conservation
standards. These commenters stated that
energy consumption in these modes
should be included in the final metric
to determine compliance with a future
standard that has not yet been proposed,
and not for compliance with the
standard in the recent direct final rule.
However, if these modes are included in
the metric used to determine
compliance with the standards in the
direct final rule, the commenters stated
that DOE must ensure that the
stringency of the standards does not
change. (AHAM, No. 20 at p. 3; AHAM,
No. 27 at pp. 2–3; AHAM, No. 35 at p.
2; BSH, No. 28 at p. 1; Samsung, No. 33
at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1–2)
According to BSH, adequate time will
be needed to test all the different base
models using the amended dishwasher
test procedure and to determine
whether sensor decisions need to be
changed, which may include adjusting
software and conducting additional
tests. BSH also stated that time should
be allowed to use any parts in the
supply chain before manufacturers are
required to use the new test procedure.
In addition, BSH stated that past
accepted test data that were based on
the previous test procedure should
continue to be accepted until
production ceases. (BSH, No. 36 at pp.
1–2)
The energy use of dishwasher water
softener regeneration must be measured
to demonstrate compliance with current
energy conservation standards for
dishwashers. In the test procedure
waivers granted for water softening
dishwashers, DOE has required that
such models meet the current energy
conservation standards with the
additional energy and water use
associated with water softener
regeneration included in the annual
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energy use and per-cycle water
consumption metrics. (75 FR 62127
(Oct. 7, 2010) and 77 FR 33450 (June 5,
2012)). In accordance with the approach
specified in these waivers, DOE
determines that the energy and water
use must be included in the metrics
used to demonstrate compliance with
any amended dishwasher energy
conservation standards, including those
in the direct final rule. Compliance with
the direct final rule will be required on
May 30, 2013 unless the direct final rule
is withdrawn as a result of adverse
comment. 77 FR 31918 (May 30, 2012).
DOE has determined that use of the
test procedures to measure the energy
use in fan-only mode on the compliance
date of any amended standards is
appropriate. Compliance with the
dishwasher standards published on May
30, 2012 will be required on May 30,
2013 unless DOE withdraws the direct
final rule. The energy use in these
modes is estimated to be less than 5
percent of the total energy use of
standard dishwashers. Given that 65
percent of all standard dishwashers
currently on the market meet or exceed
the minimum energy conservation
standards established in the direct final
rule, inclusion of this small amount of
energy use would not impact
compliance with the revised standard.
77 FR 31918, 31948–31949. Therefore,
DOE has determined that the energy use
in fan-only mode is de minimus and
insufficient to alter in a material manner
the measured energy use of
dishwashers. Therefore, DOE is not
considering amending the standards set
forth in the direct final rule.
DOE is requiring that the
clarifications to the dishwasher test
procedure described in the May 2012
SNOPR, which include the definition of
the normal cycle, energy test cycle
selection, power supply requirements,
test load specifications and soiling
requirements (except for the
specification of replacement items for
some obsolete dishware and flatware)
and detergent dosing specifications, be
used on the compliance date of any
amended standards for dishwashers
(May 30, 2013 unless the direct final
rule is withdrawn). While DOE had
earlier proposed that these requirements
be mandatory 30 days after publication
of the test procedure final rule in the
Federal Register, DOE is adopting, as
discussed below, amendments to the
existing test procedure that specify
replacement items for obsolete test load
and soil items and technical corrections
that will be required for use on or after
45 days after publication of the test
procedure final rule in the Federal
Register. The remaining clarifications to
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the dishwasher test procedure, as well
as the same specifications for
replacement items, are provided in a
new test procedure that will be required
to be used on the compliance date of
any amended standards for dishwashers
(May 30, 2013 unless the direct final
rule is withdrawn).
For the replacement of obsolete items,
DOE did not receive any comments
regarding the proposed requirement for
the use of certain test load and soil
items in place of obsolete or potentially
obsolete items in the dishwasher test
procedure 30 days after publication of
the test procedure final rule in the
Federal Register, nor did it receive
comment on whether the specified
items could be procured in 30 days.
Because certain test load items may
require purchase outside of the United
States, however, 30 days may not allow
sufficient time for acquisition. DOE
concludes, therefore, that requiring the
use of replacement test load and soil
items 45 days after the publication of
the final rule best weighs the need for
manufacturers and test laboratories to
utilize comparable testing items against
the timeframe potentially required for
obtaining the items.
In sum, with the exception of
requirements for the use of replacement
items for obsolete dishware, flatware,
and food items specified as amendments
to the current dishwasher test
procedure, the final rule changes will be
mandatory to demonstrate compliance
with the applicable energy conservation
standard starting on the compliance
date of any amended standards for
dehumidifiers, dishwashers, and
cooking products, as required under 42
U.S.C. 6295(s). For the amendments to
the current dishwasher test procedure
related to obsolete dishware, flatware,
and food items, DOE has determined
that use of these amended test
procedure provisions would not alter a
dishwasher’s measured energy
efficiency or measured energy use
pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 6293(e)(1). DOE
has concluded that today’s final rule
accords manufacturers with sufficient
time to implement the test procedure
changes contained herein.
In summary, DOE establishes a new
dishwasher test procedure at 10 CFR
part 430, subpart B, appendix C1 that
incorporates these final rule changes,
including the use of replacement items.
By amending the current test procedure
to also include the use of replacement
items, appendix C may continue to be
used until the compliance date of
amended dishwasher energy
conservation standards. Similarly, DOE
establishes a new dehumidifier test
procedure at 10 CFR part 430, subpart
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65947
B, appendix X1, but allows for the use
of the current dehumidifier test
procedure until the compliance date of
amended dehumidifier energy
conservation standards. Because the
current energy conservation standards
for conventional cooking products
consist of a prescriptive design
requirement prohibiting the use of
constant-burning pilot lights, which do
not require the use of the DOE test
procedure to demonstrate compliance,
DOE incorporates the final rule changes
as amendments to the existing
conventional cooking products test
procedure codified at 10 CFR part 430,
subpart B, appendix I.
For dishwashers, the date upon which
the use of new appendix C1 will be
required will be May 30, 2013, the
compliance date of the direct final rule
published on May 30, 2012, unless the
direct final rule is withdrawn. Until that
date, manufacturers may continue to use
appendix C to certify compliance with
the current dishwasher energy
conservation standards. Any products
manufactured on or after that date must
be certified to demonstrate compliance
with the amended energy conservation
standards using appendix C1. However,
use of the replacement items for
obsolete dishware, flatware, and food
items in the amendments to the
currently applicable dishwasher test
procedure will be required on December
17, 2012.
Today’s final rule also clarifies that as
of April 29, 2013, any representations
related to the standby mode and off
mode energy consumption of these
products must be based upon results
generated under the applicable
provisions of appendix C1, appendix I,
and appendix X1. Manufacturers may
use the new dishwasher and
dehumidifier test procedures and
amended conventional cooking
products test procedure prior to this
date consistent with DOE guidance
available at: https://
www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/
appliance_standards/pdfs/tp_faq_2012–
06–29.pdf.
C. Incorporation of IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition) for Measuring Standby
Mode and Off Mode Power
Consumption
The December 2010 NOPR proposed
to incorporate in the test procedures for
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and
conventional cooking products relevant
provisions from IEC Standard 62301
(First Edition) for measuring standby
mode and off mode power. The
amended test procedures would use
these measured wattages in calculations
to incorporate standby mode and off
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mode energy consumption into the test
procedures. DOE reviewed the IEC
Standard 62301 (First Edition) and
tentatively concluded that it would be
generally applicable to dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products, although some
clarification would be needed.
Specifically, DOE proposed in the
December 2010 NOPR for standby mode
and off mode power measurements to
provide a stabilization period of at least
30 minutes followed by an energy use
measurement period of not less than 10
minutes for each of the covered
products. 75 FR 75290, 75295–300 (Dec.
2, 2010). Additionally, for conventional
cooking products, DOE proposed a
specific standby mode power
measurement methodology for units in
which power varies as a function of
displayed time. 75 FR 75290, 75302–04
(Dec. 2, 2010). With these clarifications,
the December 2010 NOPR proposed to
reference IEC Standard 62301 (First
Edition) for the standby mode and off
mode wattage measurements. DOE also
proposed in the December 2010 NOPR
to amend the dishwasher, dehumidifier,
and conventional cooking products test
procedures to include new definitions
of ‘‘standby mode,’’ ‘‘off mode,’’ and
‘‘active mode’’ based on the most
current draft version of the Second
Edition at that time (IEC Standard 62301
(FDIS)). 75 FR 75290, 75296–97 (Dec. 2,
2010).
In response to comments on the
December 2010 NOPR, and because IEC
Standard 62301 (Second Edition) was
issued on January 27, 2011, DOE
evaluated in the September 2011
SNOPR the applicability of the Second
Edition for measuring standby mode
and off mode energy use in the
dishwasher, dehumidifier, and
conventional cooking products test
procedures. Commenters noted that IEC
Standard 62301 (Second Edition) is an
internationally-accepted test procedure
for measuring standby power in
residential appliances, and stated that
they supported harmonizing the mode
definitions with those in IEC Standard
62301 (FDIS), which are substantively
the same as those in IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition). 76 FR 58346, 58350
(Sep. 20, 2011). DOE thus maintained in
the September 2011 SNOPR the
definitions for active mode, standby
mode, and off mode that it had
proposed in the December 2010 NOPR
for dishwashers and dehumidifiers.
The definitions for standby mode and
off mode energy use for cooking
products, as well as a slightly modified
definition of active mode, were
established in the cooking products test
procedure by the March 2011 Interim
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Final Rule for microwave ovens. The
definition of active mode established by
the March 2011 Interim Final Rule
includes the statement that delay start
mode is a one-off, user-initiated, shortduration function that is associated with
an active mode.11 The May 2012 SNOPR
added reference to fan-only mode
functions in active mode for
dishwashers and cooking products.
Detailed discussion of each of these
mode definitions, including comments
from interested parties, is presented in
section III.D.
DOE determined that the updated
version of IEC Standard 62301 provides
clarification to certain sections as
compared to the First Edition. In
particular, DOE proposed to incorporate
by reference in the dishwasher,
dehumidifier, and conventional cooking
products test procedures the following
provisions from IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition): (1) The room ambient
air temperature requirements in section
4, paragraph 4.2; (2) the electrical
supply voltage requirements in section
4, paragraph 4.3.2; (3) the power
equipment specifications in section 4,
paragraph 4.4; (4) the instructions for
allowing the product to enter a lower
power state prior to the test
measurement in section 5, paragraph
5.1, note 1; and (5) portions of the
installation and setup procedures in
section 5, paragraph 5.2. DOE also
proposed that the measurement of
standby mode and off mode power be
made according to section 5, paragraph
5.3.2 in each of the test procedures,
except in the case of conventional
cooking products in which power varies
as a function of the clock time displayed
in standby mode. For such products,
DOE tentatively concluded that the
application of the test methodology
from the Second Edition would cause
manufacturers to incur significant
burden that would not be warranted by
any potential improved accuracy of the
test measurement. Thus, DOE
maintained its original proposal from
the December 2010 NOPR for 10-minute
and 12-hour test methods for these
products in the conventional cooking
products test procedure, in which case
testers would be allowed to choose
measuring standby power by means of
either of the following methods:
(a) 10-Minute Test
(1) Allow the product to stabilize
according to section 5, paragraph 5.3 of
IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition),
11 Because DOE accepted comments on the March
2011 Interim Final Rule until shortly before
publication of the September 2011 SNOPR, DOE
continued to include the cooking products mode
definitions in this proposal.
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which requires a minimum of 5
minutes;
(2) Set the clock time to 3:23;
(3) Allow another stabilization period
until the clock time reaches 3:33;
(4) Use the average power approach in
section 5, paragraph 5.3.2(a) to measure
standby mode power for a period of 10
minutes +0/¥2 seconds; or
(b) 12-Hour Test
(1) At any clock time, allow the
product to stabilize according to section
5, paragraph 5.3 of IEC Standard 62301
(First Edition), which requires a
minimum of 5 minutes;
(2) Use the average power approach in
section 5, paragraph 5.3.2(a) to measure
standby mode power for a period of 12
hours +0/¥30 seconds.
According to the proposal,
manufacturers could elect to conduct
either a 10-minute test, a 12-hour test,
or both. Based on DOE testing, use of
the 10-minute test period produced
results that were within ±2 percent of
the results for the full 12-hour test.
Therefore, DOE proposed that, for
verification and enforcement purposes,
results of the 10-minute test that are
within ±2 percent of the results for the
12-hour test would be deemed to be
representative of average energy use. 75
FR 75290, 75302–304 (Dec. 2, 2010); 76
FR 58346, 58349–53 (Sep. 20, 2011).
The Appliance Standards Awareness
Project (ASAP), American Council for
an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE),
and National Consumer Law Center
(NCLC), jointly (hereafter referred to as
the ‘‘SNOPR Joint Comment’’), AHAM,
and Whirlpool support the
incorporation by reference of IEC
Standard 62301 (Second Edition).
AHAM stated that the Second Edition
contains important clarifications and
would reduce test burden, while
Whirlpool commented that the Second
Edition provides more complete mode
definitions and more robust
measurements. AHAM and the SNOPR
Joint Comment stated that the Second
Edition would allow for international
harmonization. (AHAM, No. 20 at pp.
1–2; SNOPR Joint Comment, No. 22 at
p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 21 at p. 2)
DOE acknowledges the clarity and
improvement in the measurement of
standby mode and off mode power
consumption through the use of IEC
Standard 62301 (Second Edition), as
well as the benefits of harmonization
with international testing methods and
the associated reduction in test burden
for those manufacturers that sell
products internationally by not
requiring multiple standby power tests
to be conducted according to different
testing methods in different countries.
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For these reasons, in today’s final rule,
DOE incorporates by reference into the
new dishwasher and dehumidifier and
amended conventional cooking
products test procedures the previously
noted provisions from IEC Standard
62301 (Second Edition), including mode
definitions, qualified as discussed in
section 0 for the specific products,
testing conditions, equipment, and
methodology.
DOE did not receive comments
objecting to the proposed incorporation
by reference of provisions from IEC
Standard 62301 (First Edition) for
standby mode power measurement for
conventional cooking products with
power consumption that varies as a
function of the time displayed. DOE
determines that the lower test burden
for manufacturers is not warranted by
any potential improved accuracy of the
test measurement if the Second Edition
were to be used. Therefore, DOE adopts
in today’s final rule the average power
method from IEC Standard 62301 (First
Edition) for these products.
srobinson on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with
D. Determination and Classification of
Operational Modes
1. Active Mode, Standby Mode, and Off
Mode
As noted previously, EPCA provides
definitions of ‘‘active mode,’’ ‘‘standby
mode,’’ and ‘‘off mode’’ (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(1)(A)) and permits DOE to
amend these definitions in the context
of a given product (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(1)(B)).
EPCA defines ‘‘active mode’’ as the
condition in which an energy-using
product:
• Is connected to a main power
source;
• Has been activated; and
• Provides one or more main
functions.
(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(i)).
EPCA defines ‘‘standby mode’’ as the
condition in which an energy-using
product:
• Is connected to a main power
source; and
• Offers one or more of the following
user-oriented or protective functions:
Æ To facilitate the activation or
deactivation of other functions
(including active mode) by remote
switch (including remote control),
internal sensor, or timer;
Æ Continuous functions, including
information or status displays
(including clocks) or sensor-based
functions.
(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(iii)).
This definition of ‘‘standby mode’’
differs from the one provided in IEC
Standard 62301 (First Edition) by
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permitting the inclusion of multiple
standby modes.
EPCA defines ‘‘off mode’’ as the
condition in which an energy-using
product:
• Is connected to a main power
source; and
• Is not providing any standby mode
or active mode function.
(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(ii)).
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE
discussed that the statutory definitions
for ‘‘active mode,’’ ‘‘standby mode,’’ and
‘‘off mode’’ were developed to be
broadly applicable for many energyusing products. For specific products
with multiple functions, these broad
definitions could lead to multiple
interpretations. Therefore, DOE
proposed to amend the test procedures
to include definitions for these modes
based on the definitions provided in IEC
Standard 62301 (FDIS), with added
provisions specific to dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products.
a. Active Mode
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE
proposed the following clarifications for
the range of main functions that would
be classified as active mode for each
product:
Dishwashers—‘‘Active mode’’ means
a mode in which the dishwasher is
connected to a mains power source, has
been activated, and is performing the
one of the main functions of washing,
rinsing, or drying (when a drying
process is included) dishware,
glassware, eating utensils, and most
cooking utensils by chemical,
mechanical and/or electrical means, or
is involved in functions necessary for
these main functions, such as admitting
water into the dishwasher or pumping
water out of the dishwasher.
Conventional Cooking Products—
‘‘Active mode’’ means a mode in which
a conventional cooking top,
conventional oven, or conventional
range is connected to a mains power
source, has been activated, and is
performing the main function of
producing heat 12 by means of either a
gas flame or electric resistance heating.
Dehumidifiers—‘‘Active mode’’
means a mode in which a dehumidifier
is performing the main functions of
removing moisture from ambient air by
drawing moist air over a refrigerated
coil using a fan, circulating air through
activation of the fan without activation
12 In the preamble to the December 2010 NOPR,
DOE discussed that the main function of producing
heat may be used for cooking, heating, proofing, or
holding the cooking load. Such specificity was not
included in the proposed regulatory text in
appendix I.
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of the refrigeration system, or defrosting
the refrigerant coil. 75 FR 75290, 75297–
98 (Dec. 2, 2010).
For the September 2011 SNOPR,
DOE’s proposal included a revised
version of the active mode definition in
the cooking products test procedure,
based upon updates adopted by the
March 2011 Interim Final Rule.
Although that rulemaking addressed
microwave ovens, the mode definitions
in the test procedure at appendix I cover
all cooking products, including
microwave ovens and conventional
cooking products. Therefore, in the
September 2011 SNOPR, DOE proposed
for cooking products that ‘‘active mode
means a mode in which the product is
connected to a mains power source, has
been activated, and is performing the
main function of producing heat by
means of a gas flame, electric resistance
heating, or microwave energy. Delay
start mode is a one-off, user-initiated,
short-duration function that is
associated with an active mode.’’ 76 FR
58346, 58363 (Sep. 20, 2011).
Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance
(NEEA) agreed with DOE’s proposed
definitions of active mode for each
product. (NEEA, No. 11 at p. 2)
Whirlpool also agreed with DOE’s
proposed definition of active mode for
dehumidifiers and conventional cooking
products, provided that delay start is
part of active mode. Whirlpool also
agreed with DOE’s proposed definition
of active mode for dishwashers as long
as cycle finished mode is a part of active
mode. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2) DOE
evaluates delay start mode and cycle
finished mode in the product-specific
discussions in section III.D.2, and notes
that the amendments adopted in today’s
final rule provide for measurement of all
active mode, standby mode, and off
mode energy use, including delay start
mode and cycle finished mode, in the
dishwasher, dehumidifier, and
conventional cooking products test
procedures.
As discussed in sections III.F.2 and
III.F.3, DOE further proposed in the May
2012 SNOPR that active mode for
dishwashers would additionally include
the functions of circulating air (fan-only
mode) and regenerating a built-in water
softening system. Therefore, DOE
proposed a revised definition of active
mode in the dishwasher test procedure
that would include these functions. For
cooking products, DOE proposed that
circulating air in fan-only mode would
be an active mode function, and
accordingly proposed to add air
circulation to the active mode functions.
77 FR 31444, 31447–49, 31462 (May 25,
2012).
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DOE did not receive comments
objecting to the definitions of active
mode for each of the covered products
that were proposed in the May 2012
SNOPR, Thus, in today’s final rule, DOE
incoporates in the new dishwasher and
dehumidifier test procedures and the
amendments to the conventional
cooking product test procedure the
definition of active mode as proposed in
the May 2012 SNOPR.
b. Standby Mode
DOE also proposed in the December
2010 NOPR to define ‘‘standby mode’’
for dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and
conventional cooking products as any
mode in which the product is connected
to a mains power source and offers one
or more of the following user-oriented
or protective functions which may
persist for an indefinite time:
• To facilitate the activation of other
modes (including activation or
deactivation of active mode) by remote
switch (including remote control),
internal sensor, or timer;
• Continuous functions, including
information or status displays
(including clocks) or sensor-based
functions. 75 FR 75290, 75290 (Dec. 2,
2010).
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE
also proposed the additional
clarification that a timer is a continuous
clock function (which may or may not
be associated with a display) that
provides regular scheduled tasks (e.g.,
switching) and that operates on a
continuous basis. Id.
AHAM stated that it supported the
standby mode definition based on IEC
Standard 62301 (FDIS), although IEC
Standard 62301 (Second Edition) should
be the basis for the definition once the
Second Edition was issued. AHAM and
Whirlpool also requested that DOE
require that all products default to the
standby mode, as delivered from the
factory. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 3; AHAM,
NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10
at p. 36; Whirlpool, No. 12 at pp. 2, 4)
DOE notes that its test procedures are
used to measure the energy
consumption of covered products in
active, standby, and off modes, and do
not prescribe specific operational
characteristics for those products.
DOE proposed in the December 2010
NOPR to amend the ‘‘standby mode’’
definition in the dishwasher test
procedure based on the definition
provided in IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS),
but also proposed to retain and
redesignate the current DOE definition
of standby mode for dishwashers as a
‘‘simplified standby mode’’ to allow
manufacturers to continue to use the
existing standby mode provisions to
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determine compliance with the current
dishwasher energy conservation
standards until the compliance date of
amended standards that address standby
mode and off mode energy use. Id.
Whirlpool commented that the
retention of a simplified standby mode
as a bridging step from the current DOE
dishwasher test procedure is
unnecessary. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2)
In this final rule, DOE is retaining the
existing methodology for measuring
energy use in this ‘‘simplified standby
mode’’ in appendix C. Use of the new
standby mode provisions in appendix
C1 will be required on May 30, 2013,
unless the direct final rule published on
May 30, 2012 is withdrawn.
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE
proposed to define ‘‘inactive mode’’ for
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and
conventional cooking products as a
standby mode that facilitates the
activation of active mode by remote
switch (including remote control),
internal sensor, or timer, or that
provides continuous status display. Id.
AHAM and NEEA supported DOE’s
proposed definition of inactive mode.
(AHAM, No. 14 at p. 4; NEEA, No. 11
at p. 3) For the December 2010 NOPR,
DOE derived the proposed mode
definitions from IEC Standard 62301
(FDIS), which were retained for IEC
Standard 62301 (Second Edition). DOE
retains this definition of inactive mode
in this final rule.
c. Off Mode
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE
also proposed to amend the test
procedures for residential dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products to define ‘‘off mode’’
as a mode in which the product is
connected to a mains power source and
is not providing any active mode or
standby mode function, and where the
mode may persist for an indefinite time.
An indicator that shows the user only
that the product is in the off positions
would be included within the
classification of off mode. This
definition of ‘‘off mode’’ was based on
the definitions provided in IEC
Standard 62301 (FDIS), and DOE stated
that it would be useful in terms of
expanding the scope of the EPCA mode
definitions to clarify which functions
are associated with off mode. 75 FR
75290, 75299 (Dec. 2, 2010).
Under these proposed definitions, a
dishwasher, dehumidifier, or
conventional cooking product equipped
with a mechanical on/off switch that
can disconnect power to the display
and/or control components would be
considered as operating in the off mode
when the switch is in the ‘‘off’’ position,
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provided that no other standby mode or
active mode functions are energized. An
energized light-emitting diode (LED) or
other indication that shows the user
only that the product is in the off
position would be considered part of off
mode under the proposed definition,
again provided that no other standby
mode or active mode functions are
energized. However, if any energy is
consumed by the appliance in the
presence of a one-way remote control,
the unit would be considered to be
operating in standby mode because the
remote control would be used to
activate or deactivate other mode(s).
Electrical leakage and any energy
consumed for electrical noise reduction,
which are not specifically categorized as
standby power functions, would be
considered part of off mode. Id.
NEEA supports the proposed
definition of off mode for dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products, to the extent that it is
consistent with IEC Standard 62301.
(NEEA, No. 11 at pp. 4–5) Whirlpool
stated that the EPCA definition of off
mode is adequate for each of these
products. (AHAM, No. 12 at pp. 2–3)
DOE determined that the definition of
off mode that is consistent with the
definition in IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition) is an important
expansion to the EPCA definition that
provides clarity for testing, and adopts
in today’s final rule the proposed
definition of off mode for the new
dishwasher and dehumidifier test
procedures and the amended
conventional cooking products test
procedure.
AHAM and Whirlpool do not support
classifying the energy use of a one-way
remote control as part of standby mode,
even though the EPCA definition of
standby mode includes activation by
means of remote control. According to
these commenters, a standard remote
that powers a product ‘‘off’’ actually
powers the unit down, such that it can
be turned on again through the use of
the remote. A one-way remote does not
put the product in standby mode; it only
allows the product to be turned off.
AHAM commented that there are few, if
any, one-way remotes in the United
States. AHAM believes that including
one-way remotes in off mode instead of
standby mode will encourage
manufacturers to design products with
one-way remotes, which could decrease
energy use. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 4;
Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 3) DOE agrees
that once the one-way remote turns the
product off, such that there is no
standby function present and the unit
cannot be returned to either active or
standby mode by means of the remote,
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the unit would be considered to be
operating in off mode. However, if the
product is consuming energy without
being in active mode while waiting for
a signal from the one-way remote, the
product would be classified as operating
in standby mode because the remote
would be available for deactivation of
the main unit, regardless of whether
other standby functions were present.
Therefore, DOE clarifies that if energy is
consumed by the appliance in the
presence of a one-way remote control
prior to turning the unit off from a nonactive mode, the unit would be
considered to be operating in standby
mode because the remote control would
be used to deactivate other mode(s).
Once the product is turned off by the
one-way remote, it would be deemed to
be operating in either standby mode or
off mode, depending on the functions
present in the appliance other than the
remote control function, because the
one-way remote would not be able to
activate or deactivate other mode(s) at
that point.
srobinson on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with
2. Additional Product-Specific Modes
In addition to the general mode
definitions, DOE discussed in the
December 2010 NOPR its analysis of
various product-specific modes for
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and
conventional cooking products to
determine whether they would be
properly characterized as active mode,
standby mode, or off mode functions, as
follows:
a. Dishwashers
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE
stated that it is aware of two additional
relevant modes for dishwashers: (1)
Delay start mode; and (2) cycle finished
mode. ‘‘Delay start mode’’ would be
defined as a mode in which activation
of an active mode is facilitated by a
timer. ‘‘Cycle finished mode’’ would be
defined as a mode that provides
continuous status display following
operation in active mode.
As discussed earlier, because delay
start mode is not a mode that may
persist for an indefinite time, delay start
mode would not be considered part of
standby mode, but instead would be a
form of active mode. DOE did not
propose amendments to the dishwasher
test procedure to define ‘‘delay start
mode’’ or to measure power
consumption in this mode. DOE stated
that it may consider amendments
addressing delay start mode issues in a
future dishwasher test procedure
rulemaking. 75 FR 75290, 75298 (Dec. 2,
2010).
Based on the ‘‘standby mode’’
definition proposed in the December
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2010 NOPR, cycle finished mode, which
provides a continuous status display
and may persist for an indefinite time,
would be considered as part of a
standby mode. Therefore, DOE proposed
in the December 2010 NOPR to define
cycle finished mode for dishwashers as
‘‘a mode which provides continuous
status display following operation in
active mode.’’ Id. For the May 2012
SNOPR, DOE also identified fan-only
mode for dishwashers (77 FR 31444,
31447–49 (May 25, 2012)), which is
discussed separately in section III.F.2 of
this notice, as well as dishwasher water
softener regeneration (77 FR 31444,
31449–50 (May 25, 2012)), which is
discussed in section III.F.3 of this
notice.
ASAP, ACEEE, NCLC, and Natural
Resources Defense Council (NRDC),
jointly (hereafter referred to as the
‘‘NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment’’),
Southern California Edison, Southern
California Gas Company, and San Diego
Gas and Electric Company, jointly
(hereafter the ‘‘California Utilities’’),
AHAM, NEEA, Pacific Gas and Electric
Company (PG&E), and Whirlpool agree
with DOE’s proposal that delay start
mode should be classified as a form of
active mode. AHAM supported DOE’s
decision not to propose amendments to
the dishwasher test procedure to
measure energy use in delay start mode,
while the California Utilities, the NOPR/
SNOPR2 Joint Comment, and PG&E
stated that DOE should include
measures of delay start mode energy use
in the dishwasher test procedure. The
NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment believes
that if energy consumption in delay start
mode is not measured, manufacturers
will have no incentive to reduce it.
(AHAM, No. 14 at p. 5; AHAM, NOPR
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p.
41; California Utilities, No. 16 at p. 2;
NEEA, No. 11 at p. 2; NOPR/SNOPR2
Joint Comment, No. 13 at pp. 2–3;
PG&E, No. 17 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 12
at p. 2) DOE retains the classification of
delay start mode as part of active mode
for dishwashers in today’s final rule.
Although DOE is not adopting specific
provisions to measure energy use in
delay start mode alone, DOE is
including provisions in the dishwasher
test procedure at appendix C1 to
measure the energy use in all low-power
modes combined, which includes
modes other than the active washing
and drying cycle, fan-only mode, and
water softener regeneration. (See section
III.F.1).
AHAM and Whirlpool disagree with
DOE’s proposal to classify cycle
finished mode for dishwashers as a
standby mode. According to Whirlpool,
any function begun by the user when
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initiating the active mode includes all
power consumed until the full
conclusion of that operation. Whirlpool
stated that cycle-finished mode actions
include vent opening/closing, a signal to
the consumer that the dishes are clean,
or other modest users of energy.
Whirlpool believes that establishing a
separate cycle finished mode adds
complications and cost to the
dishwasher test procedure without any
corresponding improvement in energy
consumption or value to the consumer.
(AHAM, No. 14 at p. 5; AHAM, NOPR
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp.
41–42; Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2) NEEA
stated that DOE should define cycle
finished mode as the portion of the
active mode between the end of the
active washing mode and the beginning
of the inactive mode. However, NEEA
interpreted cycle finished mode to mean
the period in which a fan operates after
the end of the active washing and
drying cycle. NEEA noted that after the
fan run time, the dishwasher reverts to
a status display (inactive) mode that
will persist indefinitely until the user
opens the door. NEEA believes that the
status display (inactive) mode is a
standby mode. NEEA further
commented that if DOE defines such a
status display mode as ‘‘cycle finished
mode,’’ that the cycle finished period of
some specified average duration should
be added to the active mode test
procedure. (NEEA, No. 11 at pp. 2–3)
DOE notes that in its proposals, it
narrowly defined cycle finished mode
for dishwashers as providing
continuous status display following
operation in active mode. Because the
function specified in this definition is a
status display that may persist for an
indefinite time until the user opens the
door, cycle finished mode for
dishwashers would be classified as a
standby mode under the general
definition of ‘‘standby mode’’ adopted
in today’s final rule for the new
dishwasher test procedure. DOE has
also determined that any period of fan
operation after the end of the active
washing and drying cycle would be
classified as a ‘‘fan-only mode’’ that is
part of active mode. As discussed in
section III.F.2 of today’s final rule, DOE
includes in the new dishwasher test
procedure provisions to measure the
energy use in fan-only mode if the
dishwasher is capable of such operation.
In today’s final rule, DOE also adds
definitions of cycle finished mode and
fan-only mode to the dishwasher test
procedure to aid the tester in
differentiating these modes and to
clarify that the energy use in cycle
finished mode is included in the
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combined low-power energy use
measurement, as discussed in section
III.F.1 of this notice.
b. Dehumidifiers
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE
stated that it is aware of three additional
relevant modes for dehumidifiers: (1)
Delay start mode; (2) off-cycle mode;
and (3) bucket full/removed mode. DOE
proposed that the definition for ‘‘delay
start mode’’ for dehumidifiers would be
the same as that for dishwashers. ‘‘Offcycle mode’’ would be defined as a
mode in which a dehumidifier has
cycled off its main function by
humidistat or humidity sensor, does not
have its fan or blower operating, and
will reactivate the main function
according to the humidistat or humidity
sensor signal. ‘‘Bucket full/removed
mode’’ would be defined as a mode in
which the dehumidifier has
automatically powered off its main
function by detecting when the water
collection bucket is full or has been
removed.
For the same reasons discussed earlier
for dishwashers, delay start mode would
not be considered a standby mode, but
instead would be a form of active mode.
DOE did not propose in the December
2010 NOPR amendments to define or to
measure power consumption in delay
start mode. DOE stated that it may
consider amendments addressing delay
start mode issues in a future
dehumidifier test procedure rulemaking.
75 FR 75290, 75298 (Dec. 2, 2010).
DOE discussed in the December 2010
NOPR that off-cycle mode and bucket
full/removed mode are modes that may
persist for an indefinite time and, under
the proposed definition, would be
considered as part of standby mode.
DOE proposed amending its
dehumidifier test procedure to include
definitions of ‘‘off-cycle mode’’ and
‘‘bucket full/removed mode.’’ 75290,
75298–99 (Dec. 2, 2010).
The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment,
the California Utilities, AHAM, NEEA,
PG&E, and Whirlpool agree with DOE’s
proposal that delay start mode should
be classified as a form of active mode for
dehumidifiers. AHAM supported DOE’s
decision not to propose amendments to
the dehumidifier test procedure to
measure energy use in delay start mode.
The California Utilities, the NOPR/
SNOPR2 Joint Comment, and PG&E
stated that DOE should include
measures of delay start mode energy use
in the dehumidifier test procedure. The
NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment stated
that if energy consumption in delay start
mode is not measured, manufacturers
will have no incentive to reduce it.
(AHAM, No. 14 at p. 5; AHAM, NOPR
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Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p.
45; California Utilities, No. 16 at p. 2;
NEEA, No. 11 at p. 2; NOPR/SNOPR2
Joint Comment, No. 13 at pp. 2–3;
PG&E, No. 17 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 12
at p. 2) DOE maintains this
determination that delay start mode is
part of active mode for dehumidifiers in
today’s final rule. DOE includes
provisions in the new dehumidifier test
procedure to measure the energy use in
all low-power modes combined, which
includes all modes other than active
dehumidification mode (i.e., delay start
mode, bucket full/removed mode,
inactive mode, off-cycle mode, and off
mode.) (See section III.F.1).
Several commenters objected to DOE’s
proposed classification of bucket full/
removed mode as a standby mode. GE
Consumer & Industrial (GE) and NEEA
consider bucket full/removed mode as a
cycle finished mode, and while it may
persist for an indefinite period of time,
it is associated with the active mode
cycle, much like the dishwasher cycle
finished mode. NEEA further stated that
DOE should consider bucket full/
removed mode as the portion of the
active mode between the end of the
active cycle and the beginning of the
inactive mode when the user empties
and/or replaces the bucket. (GE, NOPR
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p.
45; NEEA, No. 11 at pp. 3–4) Whirlpool
and AHAM also consider bucket full/
removed mode to be part of active
mode. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2;
AHAM, No. 14 at p. 5) However, in the
event that DOE retains bucket full/
removed mode as a standby mode,
AHAM suggested that the definition of
bucket full/removed mode should
clarify that the dehumidifier has
automatically powered off its main
function by detecting when the water
bucket is full or has been removed, and
does not have its fan or blower
operating. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 5)
DOE agrees that the bucket full/
removed mode can be associated with
the active mode function in which
moisture is removed from the air and
collected in the bucket. However,
bucket full/removed mode can also
occur when the bucket is removed,
regardless of whether the dehumidifier
was actively removing moisture or
circulating air at the time the bucket
was removed. For example, the bucket
may be removed during off-cycle mode,
which is a standby mode. In addition,
bucket full/removed mode may persist
indefinitely with a continuous status
display and no main function, which
would meet the definition of a standby
mode. DOE maintains its determination
that bucket full/removed mode is a
standby mode for today’s final rule.
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DOE agrees that the fan or blower shall
not be operating during bucket full/
removed mode, because such operation
would result in the dehumidifier
circulating air as part of active mode,
but does not adopt a definition of bucket
full/removed mode in the new
dehumidifier test procedure because
bucket full/removed mode energy use is
included in the combined measurement
of all low-power mode energy use.
Whirlpool agreed with DOE’s
proposal to classify off-cycle mode as a
standby mode. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p.
2) In today’s final rule, DOE includes
the proposed definition of off-cycle
mode in appendix X1, and includes offcycle mode in the measurement of
energy use in the combined low-power
modes.
c. Conventional Cooking Products
DOE stated in the December 2010
NOPR that it is aware of three additional
relevant modes for conventional
cooking products: (1) Delay start mode;
(2) cycle finished mode; and (3) Sabbath
mode. ‘‘Delay start mode’’ and ‘‘cycle
finished mode’’ would be the same as
defined for dishwashers. ‘‘Sabbath
mode’’ would be defined as a mode in
which the automatic shutoff is
overridden to allow for warming of precooked foods during such periods as the
Jewish Sabbath.
For the same reasons as discussed for
dishwashers and dehumidifiers, delay
start mode would not be considered a
standby mode, but instead would be a
form of active mode. In addition, the
Sabbath mode function of warming food
would also be considered part of the
active mode. DOE did not propose in
the December 2010 NOPR amendments
to define or to measure power
consumption in ‘‘delay start mode’’ or
‘‘Sabbath mode.’’ DOE stated that it may
consider amendments addressing delay
start mode and Sabbath mode issues in
a future cooking products test procedure
rulemaking 75 FR 75290, 75299 (Dec. 2,
2010).
DOE discussed in the December 2010
NOPR that cycle finished mode is a
mode that may persist for an indefinite
time and, under the proposed
definition, would be considered as part
of standby mode. DOE proposed to
amend its conventional cooking
products test procedure to include a
definition of ‘‘cycle finished mode.’’ 75
FR 75290, 75299 (Dec. 2, 2010). For the
May 2012 SNOPR, DOE also identified
fan-only mode for conventional cooking
products, which is discussed in section
III.F.2 of this notice.
The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment,
the California Utilities, AHAM, NEEA,
PG&E, and Whirlpool commented that
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delay start mode should be considered
part of active mode for conventional
cooking products. The California
Utilities, the NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint
Comment, and PG&E stated that DOE
should include measures of delay start
mode energy use in the test procedure.
The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment
believes that if energy consumption in
delay start mode is not measured,
manufacturers will have no incentive to
reduce it. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 5;
AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 10 at p. 46; California
Utilities, No. 16 at p. 2; NEEA, No. 11
at p. 2, NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment,
No. 13 at pp. 2–3; PG&E, No. 17 at p.
2; Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2) NEEA and
Whirlpool also agree with DOE that
Sabbath mode is part of active mode.
(NEEA, No. 11 at p. 4; Whirlpool, No.
12 at p. 3)
For the reasons discussed in section
III.F.1 of this notice, DOE amends the
cooking products test procedure to add
provisions for measuring the combined
low-power energy use, which will
account for all energy use outside of the
active cooking cycle 13 and fan-only
mode.
AHAM and Whirlpool disagree with
DOE’s proposal to classify cycle
finished mode for conventional cooking
products as a standby mode. According
to Whirlpool, any function begun by the
user when initiating the active mode
includes all power consumed until the
full conclusion of that operation.
Whirlpool believes that establishing a
separate cycle finished mode adds
complications and cost to the
conventional cooking products test
procedure without any corresponding
improvement in energy consumption or
value to the consumer. (AHAM, No. 14
at p. 5; AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 46–47;
Whirlpool, No. 12 at pp. 2–3) NEEA
stated that operation of the cooling fan
that protects the electronic controls
comprises cycle finished mode, with its
duration being directly related to the
temperature at which the active cooking
function was conducted. According to
NEEA, DOE should define cycle
finished mode as the portion of the
active mode between the end of the
active cooking mode and the beginning
of the inactive mode, when the cooling
fan stops. (NEEA, No. 11 at pp. 2–4)
As with dishwashers, DOE’s
proposals narrowly defined cycle
finished mode for conventional cooking
products as providing continuous status
13 In the December 2010, DOE proposed to
allocate the 8.9 estimated annual Sabbath mode
hours to the active cooking mode. 75 FR 75290,
75309–10 (Dec. 2, 2010).
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display following operation in active
mode. Because the function specified in
this definition is a status display that
may persist for an indefinite time until
the user takes action, cycle finished
mode for conventional cooking products
would be classified as a standby mode
under the general definition of ‘‘standby
mode’’ adopted in today’s final rule for
the conventional cooking products test
procedure. DOE has also determined
that any period of fan operation after the
end of the active cooking cycle would
be classified as a ‘‘fan-only mode’’ that
is part of active mode. As discussed in
section III.F.2 of today’s final rule, DOE
includes in its amendments to the
cooking products test procedure
provisions to measure the energy use in
fan-only mode if the conventional
cooking product is capable of such
operation. In today’s final rule, DOE
also adds definitions of cycle finished
mode and fan-only mode to the cooking
products test procedure.
3. Network Mode
Section 3.7 of IEC Standard 62301
(FDIS) defines ‘‘network mode’’ as a
mode category that includes ‘‘any
product modes where the energy using
product is connected to a mains power
source and at least one network function
is activated (such as reactivation via
network command or network integrity
communication) but where the primary
function is not active.’’ Section 3.7 of
IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS) also
provides a note, stating that ‘‘[w]here a
network function is provided but is not
active and/or not connected to a
network, then this mode is not
applicable. A network function could
become active intermittently according
to a fixed schedule or in response to a
network requirement. A ‘network’ in
this context includes communication
between two or more separately
independently powered devices or
products. A network does not include
one or more controls which are
dedicated to a single product. Network
mode may include one or more standby
functions.’’
DOE acknowledged in the December
2010 NOPR that in the future, products
that are the subject of this rulemaking
could incorporate a network mode for
either communication with technicians
for repair and performance monitoring,
or for interaction with the electric grid.
At the time of the December 2010
NOPR, however, DOE was unaware of
any data that would enable it to
determine appropriate testing
procedures and mode definitions for
incorporation into test procedures for
network mode in dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional
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cooking products. As a result, DOE
could not evaluate networked units,
even in terms of categorizing network
mode as a standby mode or off mode
function. In particular, DOE was
unaware of methods for appropriately
configuring networks or methods for
collecting data about the energy use of
appropriately configured networks. DOE
also had no information as to whether
network connection speed or the
number and type of network
connections affect power consumption
for these products. DOE also had no
information as to whether wireless
network devices in such products
would have different levels of power
consumption when a device is
establishing a connection versus when
the network connection is established.
DOE stated in the December 2010 NOPR
that it was also unaware of how the
energy consumption for dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products in a network
environment may be affected by their
product design and user interaction, as
well as network interaction. These
effects would need to be measured if the
network function could become active
intermittently according to a fixed
schedule or in response to a network
requirement. For these reasons, the
amendments proposed in the December
2010 NOPR did not include provisions
for testing network mode energy
consumption in dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products. DOE noted that
provisions for testing power
consumption in network mode could be
incorporated into the test procedure
through future amendments once the
appropriate data and testing
methodologies become available. 75 FR
75290, 75299 (Dec. 2, 2010).
AHAM and Whirlpool agreed with
DOE that there are no dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, or conventional cooking
products on the market currently that
are capable of operation in network
mode, and that there is no way for DOE
to gather data on this mode. Thus, these
commenters agreed with DOE’s proposal
not to address network mode until such
time that sufficient data are available.
AHAM and Whirlpool also stated that
network mode would be distinct from
standby or off mode. (AHAM, No. 14 at
p. 6; AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 48, 50;
Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 4)
The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment,
the California Utilities, ASAP, NEEA,
and PG&E urged DOE to develop test
methodology for network mode.
According to these commenters, a
number of major manufacturers are
developing network-enabled
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dishwashers and cooking products, and
these products are expected to be
available on the market when the
amended test procedures become
effective. Further, these commenters
stated that products with network
capability may consume significant
energy in network mode. ASAP and the
NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment stated
that the energy use in network mode
should be captured regardless of
whether the product is actually
connected to a network. NEEA noted
that IEC Standard 62301 defines
network mode as part of inactive mode,
and that DOE should adopt a definition
of network mode consistent with the
one in IEC Standard 62301, along with
methodology to measure network mode
energy use during inactive mode testing.
The SNOPR Joint Comment stated that
the definition of standby mode is
sufficiently broad to encompass energy
use in network mode. (ASAP, NOPR
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp.
49–50; California Utilities, No. 16 at p.
3; NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, No.
13 at pp. 3–4; SNOPR Joint Comment,
No. 22 at p. 1; NEEA, No. 11 at pp. 4–
5; PG&E, No. 17 at p. 3)
In response to these comments, DOE
observes that it is still not aware of any
network-equipped dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products that could allow
sufficient analysis on which to
categorize the functionality of network
mode in these products, nor did
commenters provide information or data
on which to develop test methodology
for measuring energy use in a network
mode. Therefore, for the same reasons
that DOE did not address network mode
in the December 2010 NOPR, DOE is not
adopting a definition or testing
methodology for network mode in the
dishwasher, dehumidifier, or
conventional cooking products test
procedures in today’s final rule. DOE
reiterates, however, that it may consider
amending these test procedures in a
separate rulemaking in the future
should network-equipped products and
data on their functionality become
available.
4. Disconnected Mode
DOE also noted in the December 2010
NOPR that section 3.9 of IEC Standard
62301 (FDIS) provides a definition for
‘‘disconnected mode,’’ which is ‘‘the
state where all connections to mains
power sources of the energy using
product are removed or interrupted.’’
IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS) also adds a
note that common terms such as
‘‘unplugged’’ or ‘‘cut off from mains’’
also describe this mode and that this
mode is not part of off mode, standby
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mode, or network mode. DOE stated in
the December 2010 NOPR that there
would be no energy use in a
disconnected mode and agreed that it
would not be part of off mode, standby
mode, or network mode. Therefore, DOE
did not propose a definition or testing
method for disconnected mode in the
test procedures for residential
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, or
conventional cooking products. 75 FR
75290, 75299–300 (Dec. 2, 2010).
AHAM agreed that there would be no
energy use in disconnected mode, and
supported DOE’s decision not to amend
the test procedures accordingly.
(AHAM, No. 14 at p. 4) In consideration
of this support and for the reasons
discussed above, DOE does not amend
the dishwasher, dehumidifier, and
conventional cooking products test
procedures to define or add testing
provisions for disconnected mode in
today’s final rule.
E. Specifications for the Test Methods
and Measurements for Standby Mode
and Off Mode Testing
As discussed in section III.C of this
notice, DOE proposed in the December
2010 NOPR to specify testing equipment
and conditions for measuring standby
mode and off mode energy use in the
dishwasher, dehumidifier, and
conventional cooking products test
procedures, based on provisions in IEC
Standard 62301 (First Edition). 75 FR
75290, 75300–04 (Dec. 2, 2010). In
September 2011 SNOPR, it proposed to
incorporate by reference in the
dishwasher, dehumidifier, and
conventional cooking products test
procedures the following provisions
from IEC Standard 62301 (Second
Edition) for testing equipment and
conditions: (1) The room ambient air
temperature requirements in section 4,
paragraph 4.2; (2) the electrical supply
voltage requirements in section 4,
paragraph 4.3.2; (3) the power
equipment specifications in section 4,
paragraph 4.4; (4) the instructions for
allowing the product to enter a lower
power state prior to the test
measurement in section 5, paragraph
5.1, note 1; and (5) portions of the
installation and setup procedures in
section 5, paragraph 5.2. 76 FR 58436,
58349–54 (Sep. 20, 2011).
1. Ambient Conditions, Including for
Active Mode
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE
proposed that test room ambient
temperatures for standby mode and off
mode testing be specified for all
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and
conventional cooking products
according to section 4, paragraph 4.2 of
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IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition). 75
FR 75290, 75301–02 (Dec. 2, 2010). The
First Edition specified a temperature
range of 73.4 ± 9 °F. Section 4,
paragraph 4.2 of IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition) contains an identical
requirement for the test room ambient
temperature, which DOE proposed to
reference for standby mode and off
mode testing in the September 2011
SNOPR. In the December 2010 NOPR,
DOE also compared the IEC Standard
62301 (First Edition) ambient
temperature ranges to those specified in
the current DOE dishwasher,
dehumidifier, and conventional cooking
products test procedures for active
mode testing as follows. Because the
same IEC ambient temperatures were
specified in the Second Edition, DOE
drew the same tentative conclusions in
the September 2011 SNOPR.
DOE noted in the December 2010
NOPR that the current DOE test
procedure for dishwashers includes a
test room ambient air temperature
requirement of 75 ± 5 °F, which helps
ensure consistent and repeatable test
results for active mode measurements in
which heat losses could affect energy
consumption. Because energy use in
standby mode or off mode is less
affected by ambient temperature than
active mode energy use, DOE proposed
to allow manufacturers of dishwashers
to use the less stringent ambient
temperature range in IEC Standard
62301 (First Edition) for standby mode
and off mode power consumption
measurement. DOE further stated that
manufacturers could choose to use the
ambient temperature range in the
current DOE test procedure if tests of
active mode efficiency performance and
standby mode and off mode power
consumption are conducted
simultaneously in the same room on
multiple dishwashers. 75 FR 75290,
75301 (Dec. 2, 2010).
For dehumidifiers, the current DOE
test procedure specifies a test room
ambient temperature of 80 ± 2 °F. As
with dishwashers, DOE’s proposal in
the December 2010 NOPR would allow
manufacturers of dehumidifiers to
conduct active mode efficiency
performance testing and standby mode
and off mode power consumption
testing simultaneously in the same room
on multiple dehumidifiers, as long as
the temperature requirements for both
tests are met. Alternatively, the
proposed temperature specifications
taken from IEC Standard 62301 (First
Edition) would allow a manufacturer
that opts to conduct standby mode and
off mode testing separately from
performance testing to use the ambient
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temperature requirement of 73.4 ± 9 °F.
75 FR 75290, 75301 (Dec. 2, 2010).
The current DOE test procedure for
conventional cooking products includes
a test room ambient air temperature
specification of 77 ± 9 °F, which varies
slightly from the range specified by IEC
Standard 62301 of 73.4 ± 9 °F. DOE
stated in the December 2010 NOPR that
the higher temperatures allowed for
active mode energy testing could be
representative of ambient temperatures
during a cooking process, but that
maintaining lower allowable
temperatures for standby mode and off
mode power consumption
measurements would be more
representative of ambient conditions
during those operating modes. The
proposed test procedure would allow
manufacturers of conventional cooking
products to measure active mode
performance and standby and off mode
power simultaneously in the same room
on multiple units, provided that the
room ambient temperature falls within
the range allowed by both ambient
temperature requirements (i.e., any
temperature between 68 and 82.4 °F).
Alternatively, the proposal would allow
a manufacturer to conduct standby
mode and off mode testing separately
from performance testing within an
ambient temperature range of 73.4 ± 9
°F. 75 FR 75290, 75301–02 (Dec. 2,
2010).
AHAM stated that DOE should use
the ambient temperature requirements
in its current dishwasher, dehumidifier,
and conventional cooking products test
procedures for standby mode and off
mode energy use measurements, which
AHAM stated would produce accurate,
repeatable, and reproducible results.
AHAM and Whirlpool noted that the
DOE temperature requirements are more
stringent for dishwashers and
dehumidifiers, and that DOE’s ambient
temperature requirements in the
cooking products test procedure
substantially overlaps with the IEC
temperature range. For the same reasons
as AHAM outlined, BSH commented
that the more stringent DOE ambient
temperature requirements in the
dishwasher test procedure should apply
for standby mode and off mode testing.
(AHAM, No. 14 at pp. 7–8; AHAM, No.
27 at p. 12; AHAM, NOPR Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p. 63;
BSH, No. 28 at pp. 9–10; Whirlpool, No.
26 at p. 1) AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
suggested a single temperature range
would reduce inadvertent testing error.
Whirlpool recommended more stringent
ambient room temperatures for the
dishwasher and conventional cooking
products test procedures for all testing—
75 ± 2 °F for dishwashers and 75 ± 5 °F
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for conventional cooking products—and
supported conducting all dehumidifier
testing under the current DOE active
mode test conditions of 80 ± 2 °F.
According to Whirlpool, a 1 °F
difference in ambient temperature can
cause a 1.5 kWh change in the
measurement of dishwasher annual
energy use. AHAM stated that not every
laboratory could achieve a tolerance
tighter than ± 5 °F for dishwasher
testing. (AHAM, No. 14 at pp. 7–8;
AHAM, No. 27 at p. 12; AHAM, 2012
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp.
152–153; BSH, No. 28 at pp. 9–10;
Whirlpool, No. 12 at pp. 4–5; Whirlpool,
No. 21 at p. 3; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp.
1, 5) AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool also
stated that the dishwasher test
procedure should clarify that the
tolerances specified indicate the
allowable limits of variation in
temperature, but do not permit the
deliberate variation with those limits.
(AHAM, No. 27 at p. 12; AHAM, 2012
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p.
151; BSH, No. 28 at p. 10; Whirlpool,
No. 26 at p. 1; Whirlpool, 2012 Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 153–
154) Intertek noted that it understood
that the intent of the dishwasher test
procedure is to target 75 °F, and they
aim to maintain this ambient
temperature. According to Intertek, it is
also important to maintain this
temperature prior to conducting the test
when the soils are drying on the test
load. (Intertek, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 154–155)
In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE
maintained its proposals that the
standby mode and off mode testing for
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and
conventional cooking products be
allowed to be conducted under either
the ambient temperature range specified
in IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition)
or the ambient temperature range
specified in the DOE test procedure
where the DOE active mode temperature
range overlaps the IEC temperature
range. DOE re-examined this issue in
light of the comments received. DOE
confirmed its proposed approach to not
require that standby mode and off mode
testing be conducted under the same
ambient temperature as active mode
testing because no data were available to
suggest that the standby mode and off
mode power of residential dishwashers
varies significantly within the allowable
ambient temperature range of IEC
Standard 62301 (Second Edition), and
because this approach would increase
the burden for those manufacturers or
laboratories that choose to conduct
standby mode and off mode testing
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65955
separately from active mode testing. 77
FR 49064, 49066 (Aug. 15, 2012)
In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE also
responded to comments on the intent of
the ambient temperature range in the
dishwasher test procedure by noting
that the tolerances specified in the DOE
test procedures provide a range of
temperatures under which the test
results are considered valid, regardless
of the reasons for why a particular
temperature within the range was
selected or achieved. Therefore, DOE
did not alter its proposal to state that the
dishwasher test should be conducted at
the nominal center of the ambient
temperature range. DOE stated that it
recognized the impact of ambient
temperature on the active mode
measurement, however, and as an
alternative to the ±5 °F tolerance in the
current test procedure for active mode
testing, DOE proposed to tighten the
tolerance on the test room ambient
temperature in the dishwasher test
procedure to ±2 °F for active mode
testing. Id.
DOE did not receive comments in
response to the August 2012 SNOPR on
the proposal that the standby mode and
off mode testing for dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products may be conducted
within the range of ambient
temperatures where the specified
temperature ranges of IEC Standard
62301 (Second Edition) and the DOE
test procedure overlap if the testing
laboratory chooses to conduct standby
mode and off mode testing in the same
facility as for active mode testing. DOE
acknowledges the previous comments
which identify the potential for
inadvertent testing error if the standby
mode and off mode testing is conducted
under different ambient temperatures
than active mode testing, but
determined that the potential for such
error is outweighed by the flexibility
provided to manufacturers and testing
laboratories to conduct standby mode
and off mode testing separately from
active mode testing. In addition,
commenters did not provide
information that would suggest that the
more stringent ambient temperature
requirements currently specified in the
DOE dishwasher, dehumidifier, and
conventional cooking product test
procedures would reduce variability in
the standby mode and off mode energy
use measurement. For these reasons,
today’s final rule incorporates by
reference in the new dishwasher and
dehumidifier test procedures and
amended conventional cooking
products test procedure the ambient
temperature requirements specified in
section 4 of IEC Standard 62301 (Second
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Edition) for measuring standby mode
and off mode power consumption.
In response to the August 2012
SNOPR, AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and
Whirlpool continued to suggest that the
dishwasher active mode test should be
conducted at the nominal center of the
ambient temperature range, but
acknowledged that a tighter tolerance
would also help minimize test-to-test
variation. Whirlpool supported the
proposal to tighten the tolerance to ±2
°F, and stated that any additional
burden associated with this requirement
is small. Whirlpool commented that it
will be able to meet the proposed tighter
ambient temperature tolerance. None of
the commenters provided information
on whether all laboratories are capable
of achieving a ±2 °F temperature range,
but AHAM, BSH, and Samsung believe
that some laboratories would need to
make significant investments to meet
this requirement. BSH added that at
certain times of the year its laboratories
would not be able to meet the 75 ±2 °F
temperature range, requiring costly
modifications to achieve consistent
performance. BSH noted that it also
conducts dishwasher testing according
to the IEC dishwasher test procedure
that requires an ambient temperature
range of 64.4 to 71.6 °F. The current
DOE active mode temperature
specification provides an overlap
between the lower end of the DOE
temperature range and the upper end of
the IEC range, allowing BSH to conduct
both tests in the same laboratory at the
same time. DOE’s proposal for 75 ±2 °F
would not allow this overlap, and could
potentially require BSH to have separate
laboratories for DOE and IEC testing.
(AHAM, No. 35 at p. 7; BSH, No. 36 at
p. 3; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool,
No. 32 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 34 at p.
2)
DOE carefully considered these
comments and whether the potential
improvement in the test procedure
results by requiring a tighter ambient
temperature tolerance for dishwasher
active mode testing would warrant the
significant costs that could potentially
be incurred by at least some test
laboratories and manufacturers.
Although it does not have information
on the number of affected laboratories,
DOE observes that at least one
manufacturer would need to upgrade its
facilities, and would incur additional
cost by not being able to conduct all its
active mode testing, i.e., testing both for
demonstrating compliance with DOE
energy conservation standards and for
evaluating consumer utility associated
with cleaning performance, in a single
laboratory. Although test repeatability
and reproducibility would be improved
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by specifying a more stringent ambient
temperature tolerance, DOE determined
that the significant potential costs do
not warrant the benefits of such a
specification. As a result, DOE is not
changing the required range in ambient
temperatures for active mode testing in
the dishwasher test procedure. In
addition, for the reasons stated in the
August 2012 SNOPR, DOE is not
amending the dishwasher test procedure
to require that the active mode test be
conducted at the nominal center of the
ambient temperature range.
AHAM and GE stated that the test
room humidity should be specified for
dehumidifier standby mode and off
mode testing to prevent the unit from
inadvertently cycling on. (AHAM, No.
14 at p. 7; GE, NOPR Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 10 at p. 64) Neither
commenter provided information on an
appropriate ambient humidity level for
this testing, and no such requirement is
contained within IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition). Therefore, DOE is not
adopting an ambient humidity
requirement in today’s final rule for
standby mode and off mode testing in
the new dehumidifier test procedure.
DOE does, however, clarify in section
4.2 of appendix X1 that standby mode
and off mode testing should be
conducted while ensuring that the
dehumidifier does not enter active mode
during the test.
2. Installation and Power Supply
Requirements
AHAM and Whirlpool supported the
requirement to conduct standby mode
and off mode testing at the factory or
default setting, or where there are no
indications of those settings, in the asshipped condition, in accordance with
section 5.2 of IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition). According to these
commenters, this requirement would
provide clarity, ensure repeatability,
and reduce testing burden. (AHAM, No.
14 at pp. 3–4, 6; Whirlpool, No. 12 at
pp. 2, 4; Whirlpool, NOPR Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p. 58)
AHAM also stated that it supports the
power supply requirements proposed to
be referenced from IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition). (AHAM, No. 14 at pp.
7–8) DOE adopts in today’s new
dishwasher and dehumidifier test
procedures and amended conventional
cooking products test procedure
references to the electrical supply
voltage requirements in section 4,
paragraph 4.3.2 and portions of the
installation and setup procedures in
section 5, paragraph 5.2 of IEC Standard
62301 (Second Edition).
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3. Standby Mode and Off Mode Testing
Methodology
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE
also proposed for all covered products
to require measurement of standby
mode and off mode power using section
5, paragraph 5.3 of IEC Standard 62301
(First Edition), clarified by requiring the
product to stabilize for at least 30
minutes and using an energy use
measurement period of not less than 10
minutes. Further, for any dishwasher or
dehumidifier in which the power varies
over a cycle, as described in section 5,
paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC Standard 62301
(First Edition), the December 2010
NOPR proposed to require the use of the
average power approach in section 5,
paragraph 5.3.2(a), with the same 30minute minimum stabilization and 10minute minimum measurement periods,
as long as the measurement period
comprises one or more complete cycles.
75 FR 75290, 75300–01 (Dec. 2, 2010)
DOE additionally proposed specific
methodology for conventional cooking
products in which power varies as a
function of the time displayed. In that
case, testers would be allowed to choose
measuring standby power by means of
either the 10-minute test or the 12-hour
test, as described in section III.C of
today’s notice. According to the
proposal, manufacturers could elect to
conduct either a 10-minute test or a 12hour test, or both, and results of the 10minute test that are within ±2 percent of
the results for the 12-hour test would be
deemed to be representative of average
energy use. Id. at 75302–04, 75328.
In the September 2011 SNOPR, DOE
updated its proposal to reference testing
methodology from IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition). DOE tentatively
concluded that the application of the
provisions of the Second Edition to all
power measurements in standby mode
and off mode for dishwashers and
dehumidifiers would be appropriate,
and proposed incorporation by
reference of the relevant paragraphs of
section 5.3 of IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition) in the test procedures
for these products. Further, DOE noted
in the September 2011 SNOPR that
although the Second Edition allows the
choice of multiple test methods for both
stable and unstable non-cyclic power
consumption, the IEC preferred
sampling method provides for a test
duration that is approximately the same
or shorter than the allowable IEC
alternative methods and does not
require classification of the nature of the
power consumption (e.g., stable or
unstable, non-cyclic) in advance of the
test. By monitoring the variation in
power consumption during the test, the
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Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 211 / Wednesday, October 31, 2012 / Rules and Regulations
test operator could determine whether it
is stable or unstable, and, thus, the
required duration of the sampling
periods. For cyclic power consumption,
the Second Edition requires the use of
the sampling method. Thus, DOE
proposed in the September 2011 SNOPR
to specify the use of the sampling
method in section 5.3.2 of IEC Standard
62301 (Second Edition) for all measures
of standby mode and off mode power
consumption for residential
dishwashers and dehumidifiers. 76 FR
58346, 58351–53 (Sep. 20, 2011).
DOE did not receive comments in
response to the proposed standby mode
and off mode power consumption
measurement methods for dishwashers
and dehumidifiers, and for the reasons
discussed, adopts such amendments in
the new dishwasher and dehumidifier
test procedures in today’s final rule.
For conventional cooking products,
DOE tentatively concluded in the
September 2011 SNOPR that section 5.3
of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition)
includes provisions that are appropriate
for measuring off mode and standby
modes, except in the case of a unit’s
clock whose power consumption varies
by the time displayed, and that the
sampling method in section 5.3.2 of IEC
Standard 62301 (Second Edition) would
also provide for measurements with
minimal test burden. Thus, DOE
proposed in the September 2011 SNOPR
for conventional cooking products to
require the use of the sampling method
in section 5.3.2 of IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition), except as follows. In
the narrow case of cooking products
with power consumption that varies as
a function of the time displayed, DOE
determined that the application of the
test methodology from IEC Standard
62301 (Second Edition) would cause
manufacturers to incur significant
burden that would not be warranted by
any potential improved accuracy of the
test measurement. For this reason, DOE
continued to propose in the September
2011 SNOPR the 10-minute and 12-hour
test methods for these products in the
conventional cooking products test
procedure, based upon the average
power method from IEC Standard 62301
(First Edition). The September 2011
SNOPR also proposed to amend the
reference in 10 CFR 430.3 to add a
reference to IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition). DOE’s proposal for
conventional cooking products, based
on relevant sections of IEC Standard
62301 (Second Edition) would neither
be affected by, nor impact, the testing
procedures for microwave ovens other
than section renumbering as
appropriate. 76 FR 58346, 58351–53.
(Sep. 20, 2011).
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AHAM and Whirlpool supported the
10-minute testing methodology for
conventional cooking products with
power consumption that varies as a
function of the time displayed, but
stated that the time that a product takes
to return to the lowest power
consumption state after setting the clock
may vary and that this stabilization
period may be shorter or longer than 10
minutes. They commented that DOE
should require the clock to be set to a
time of 3:33 minus the number of
minutes of the stabilization period.
According to AHAM, each manufacturer
will know the length of the stabilization
period for its products. AHAM also
suggested that DOE could require
manufacturers to submit in their
certification report to DOE the length of
the stabilization period, which should
not be made public since it is
confidential business information.
(AHAM, No. 14 at p. 8; AHAM, No. 20
at pp. 2–3; AHAM, NOPR Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 73, 77;
Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 5; Whirlpool,
No. 21 at p. 2) Whirlpool stated that the
12-hour test would place significant
burden on manufacturers, and that the
10-minute test has been demonstrated to
yield representative results. (Whirlpool,
No. 21 at p. 2)
ASAP commented that the proposed
approach for allowing either a 10minute or 12-hour test was a reasonable
balance between manufacturer test
burden and enforcement. (ASAP, NOPR
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp.
76–77) AHAM and Whirlpool
questioned whether a model that met an
energy conservation standard when
tested by the manufacturer using the 10minute method but that did not meet
the standard when tested by DOE using
the 12-hour method would be deemed
compliant if the results between the two
tests were within the 2-percent
variation. Whirlpool believes that the
option of two test methods is
unnecessary. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 9;
AHAM, No. 20 at p. 3; AHAM, NOPR
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp.
73–75; Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 5;
Whirlpool, No. 21 at p. 2)
Upon review of comments from
interested parties, DOE concludes that a
12-hour test requirement would
represent a significant burden to
manufacturers, and that the alternative
10-minute method would minimize
additional test burden. DOE agrees that
the time required by certain products
may be different than the 10-minute
stabilization period provided in the 10minute test method. DOE does not
believe, however, that allowing the
manufacturers to individually
determine the stabilization period
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would optimize the accuracy and
repeatability of the test procedure,
particularly when the method is used at
testing laboratories other than that of the
manufacturer. Based on its testing, DOE
determined that a requirement to set the
display time to 3:23 and allowing a 10minute stabilization period prior to a
10-minute measurement period would
best balance the need for reproducibility
of the test procedure with the burden
placed on manufacturers. Therefore,
DOE adopts in today’s final rule the
proposed standby mode and off mode
testing methodology for conventional
cooking products, but eliminating the
12-hour testing option for conventional
cooking products with power
consumption that varies as a function of
the time displayed.
DOE notes that the conventional
cooking products test procedure is
designed to provide an energy efficiency
measurement consistent with
representative average consumer use of
these products, even if the test
conditions and/or procedures may not
themselves all be representative of
average consumer use (e.g., testing with
a display of only 3:33 to 3:42). DOE’s
amendments reflect the statutory
requirement, and the Department’s
longstanding view, that the overall
objective of the test procedure is to
measure the product’s energy
consumption during a representative
average use cycle or period of use. (42
U.S.C. 6293(b)(3)) Further, the test
procedure requires specific conditions
during testing that are designed to
ensure repeatability while avoiding
excessive testing burdens. Although
certain test conditions specified in the
test procedure may deviate from
representative use, such deviations are
carefully designed and circumscribed in
order to attain an overall calculated
measurement of the energy
consumption during representative use.
Thus, it is—and has always been—
DOE’s view that products should not be
designed such that the energy
consumption drops during test
condition settings in ways that would
bias the overall measurement, thereby
making it unrepresentative of average
consumer use. If a manufacturer
incorporates a power-saving mode as
part of the appliance’s routine
operation, DOE’s test procedure would
produce a representative measure of
average consumer use if the unit
powered down during the 10-minute
test period for the same percentage of
time that such powering down would be
expected to occur during a typical 12hour period, and thus, such operation
would be permissible. It has been the
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Department’s long-held interpretation
that the purpose of the test procedure is
to measure representative use.
Ultimately, if DOE identifies a broad
pattern of behavior which has the effect
of circumventing its test procedure
provisions, the Department may
consider reopening the conventional
cooking products test procedure for
further rulemaking.
srobinson on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with
F. Calculation of Energy Use Associated
With Operational Modes
1. Standby Mode and Off Mode
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE
proposed a methodology for measuring
energy consumption in modes other
than active washing mode for
dishwashers and active cooking mode
for conventional cooking products; i.e.,
inactive (standby) mode and off mode,
as well as delay start mode and cycle
finished mode. These modes are
collectively referred to as low-power
modes. DOE also raised the possibility
of using a similar methodology for
measuring low-power modes for
dehumidifiers, including inactive
(standby) mode, off mode, off-cycle
mode, and bucket full/removed mode.
DOE proposed in the December 2010
NOPR to allocate specific annual hours
to each of the active, standby, and off
modes. Using this approach, the annual
energy use associated with the lowpower modes would be calculated by:
(1) Calculating the product of wattage
and allocated hours for all possible lowpower modes; (2) summing the results;
and (3) dividing the sum by 1,000 to
convert from Wh to kWh. For each
product, DOE estimated the hours
allocated to each mode, and for those
products with both electronic controls
and a mechanical on/off switch, DOE
proposed to evenly split the hours
between inactive mode and off mode.
For the per-cycle energy use metrics for
dishwashers and conventional cooking
products, this value would be divided
by the proposed annual active use
cycles per year. For dehumidifiers,
which measure energy use over a 24hour period, the annual energy use in
the low-power mode would be divided
by the active mode hours per year and
multiplied by 24 hours. 75 FR 75290,
75306, 75310–15 (Dec. 2, 2010).
As an alternate approach for
dishwashers and conventional cooking
products, DOE also proposed measuring
power consumption for only off and
inactive modes for the purpose of
calculating the total energy consumed in
all low-power modes. Using this
approach, energy use in delay start and
cycle finished mode would be
accounted for by allocating all the hours
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not associated with active washing or
cooking mode to the inactive (standby)
and off modes and then measuring
standby or off mode power. For
dehumidifiers, DOE considered the
possibility of a similar alternative
approach in which energy use in which
all hours other than active
dehumidification mode would be
allocated to inactive mode, off-cycle
mode, and off mode. DOE observed that
dehumidifiers are generally capable of
either off mode or inactive mode,
depending on the type of controls, when
the unit is plugged in but not turned on.
Each type of dehumidifier would
operate in off-cycle mode when the unit
is powered on and the relative humidity
level in the room is below the
dehumidifier humidity set point. 75 FR
75290, 75306, 76308, 75310–13 (Dec. 2,
2010). DOE retained these proposals in
the September 2011 SNOPR and
received comments in support of the
alternate approach. As a result, DOE
proposed the alternate approach for
dishwashers and conventional cooking
products in the May 2012 SNOPR. 77
FR 31444, 31451 (May 25, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, the California Utilities,
PG&E, and Whirlpool opposed the
allocation of annual hours to different
modes proposed for the dishwasher,
dehumidifier, and conventional cooking
products test procedures, commenting
that DOE did not base the proposals on
sufficient U.S. consumer use data.
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool further
commented that if DOE moves forward
with its proposal, the alternative
approach is preferable. (AHAM, No. 14
at pp. 9–14; AHAM, No. 27 at p. 13;
AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 85, 97–98, 109;
BSH, No. 28 at p. 11; California Utilities,
No. 16 at p. 3; PG&E, No. 17 at p. 3;
Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 6; Whirlpool,
No. 26 at pp. 1, 3) The California
Utilities and PG&E commented that
delay start mode should be measured as
part of active mode, but supported
including delay start energy use in
standby mode energy use as a temporary
measure. ASAP, the California Utilities,
and PG&E questioned DOE’s estimates
of the annual hours spent in cycle
finished mode, while GE stated that
DOE’s estimates for dehumidifier bucket
full/removed mode are too high. (ASAP,
NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10
at pp. 109–110; California Utilities, No.
16 at pp. 2, 4; PG&E, No. 17 at pp. 2,4;
Whirlpool, NOPR Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 94–95)
ASAP, the California Utilities, the
NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, and
PG&E stated that DOE should specify
the placement of the mechanical on/off
switch so that consumers would turn
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the product off, thereby justifying the
proposed split between inactive mode
and off mode hours. AHAM (ASAP,
NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10
at pp. 87, 109; California Utilities, No.
16 at p. 4; NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint
Comment, No. 13 at p. 6; PG&E, No. 17
at p. 4) AHAM commented that DOE
should require that mechanical on/off
switch be accessible to the consumer,
but should not specify product design.
(AHAM, No. 14 at p. 12)
In today’s final rule, DOE maintains
its determination from the May 2012
SNOPR for both dishwashers and
conventional cooking products, and, as
contemplated in the December 2010
NOPR, makes a similar determination
for dehumidifiers, that the power
consumption in each of the low-power
modes is similar, and that in such a
case, measuring power consumption of
each mode separately would introduce
significant test burden without a
corresponding improvement in a
representative measure of annual energy
use. In consideration of support from
interested parties for the alternate
calculation method and the lack of
additional consumer use data that
would improve the original proposal,
DOE establishes in the new dishwasher
and amended conventional cooking
products test procedures provisions to
account for standby mode and off mode
energy use by measuring inactive mode
and off mode power consumption only,
and allocating that power consumption
to all hours spent in the low-power
modes combined.
The same alternative calculation of
combined low-power mode energy use
is adopted in today’s final rule in the
new dehumidifier test procedure. The
provisions require that dehumidifiers
with off mode capability (i.e., those
units with electronic controls that may
be shut off with a mechanical switch or
with mechanical controls) shall be
measured in off mode and off-cycle
mode. For dehumidifiers not capable of
operation in off mode (i.e., units with
electronic controls that may not be shut
off with a mechanical switch), inactive
mode and off-cycle mode shall be
measured. The annual hours for all lowpower modes combined shall be split
evenly between off-cycle mode and
either inactive mode and off mode,
depending on the unit’s capability.
Although DOE did not previously
propose this specific alternative
methodology for dehumidifiers, it
suggested that such an approach could
be adopted in the final rule. DOE is
adopting this approach today after
noting the preponderance of supporting
comments for the alternative approach,
and weighing carefully the benefits of
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reduced testing burden of this approach
against the minor improvements in
accuracy of the standby mode and off
mode energy use obtained by measuring
each low-power mode separately.
2. Fan-Only Mode
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE
proposed to define fan-only mode in the
test procedures for dishwashers and
conventional cooking products as an
active mode in which a fan circulates air
for a finite period of time after the end
of the dishwasher cycle or conventional
cooking product heating function, as
indicated to the consumer. DOE also
proposed provisions to measure energy
use in fan-only mode, in which the
power consumption and duration of fanonly mode would be measured at the
end of each active mode cycle required
by the test procedure, and the resulting
energy consumption would be included
in the energy efficiency metrics for that
product. 77 FR 31444, 31451 (May 25,
2012).
In response to the May 2012 SNOPR,
the NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment
stated that it supports incorporating
measurement of fan-only mode energy
use in the dishwasher and conventional
cooking products test procedures, as
this would provide an incentive to
manufacturers to reduce fan-only mode
energy consumption. (NOPR/SNOPR2
Joint Comment, No. 29 at p. 1) AHAM,
BSH, and Whirlpool stated they would
not oppose the measurement of fan-only
mode energy use for dishwashers or
conventional cooking products, as long
as fan-only mode is not a user-selectable
option. Whirlpool commented that
classifying fan-only mode as part of
active mode would be consistent with a
determination that active mode persists
until the end of the operating cycle.
However, AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
stated that measuring energy
consumption in this mode according to
the proposed method would represent a
significant burden due to the increased
length of each test. AHAM, BSH, and
Whirlpool recommended that DOE
allow as an option a one-time
measurement or sampling approach to
measure fan-only mode energy use over
a brief time period combined with a
calculation to properly account for its
contribution to annual energy use in the
test procedures for dishwashers and
conventional cooking products. (AHAM,
No. 27 at pp. 2–3; BSH, No. 28 at p. 2;
Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1–2)
Whirlpool further commented that
DOE’s estimate that a dishwasher fan
could run for 4 hours after each cycle,
consuming 17 kWh per year or 4.7
percent of the current maximum energy
consumption, was incorrect. Whirlpool
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stated that fan operation is a function of
the residual heat remaining in the unit
after completion of the wash cycle and
the degree of drying selected, and thus,
the fan will not operate for this length
of time on every cycle. Whirlpool
similarly commented that DOE’s
estimate that a conventional cooking
product fan could run for 3.5 hours after
each cycle, consuming as much as 38
kWh per year, was incorrect because fan
operation is a function of the residual
heat remaining in the unit after
completion of the cooking cycle and of
the ambient temperature. (Whirlpool,
No. 26 at p. 2)
As part of the calculation in the May
2012 SNOPR, DOE provided a range of
the annual impacts of fan-only energy
consumption in residential dishwashers
and conventional cooking products.
While DOE agrees that most
dishwashers and conventional cooking
products will not operate in fan-only
mode for 4 hours or 3.5 hours,
respectively, DOE is aware of products
capable of these durations, and therefore
concludes that the values in the May
2012 SNOPR are appropriate estimates
of the maximum amount of energy
consumed in this mode. However, the
proposal for dishwasher and
conventional cooking product test
methods for measuring energy use in
fan-only mode in the May 2012 SNOPR
would be based on the actual length of
fan-only mode for the product under
test.
For the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE
continued to propose the methodology
first proposed in the May 2012 SNOPR,
and also provided an alternative
methodology to reduce test burden in
which, if fan-only mode is not a userselectable option, the power
consumption would be measured for a
brief time period, such as 10 minutes,
and then extrapolated over the length of
the entire fan-only mode cycle. DOE
sought representative data on the length
of the fan-only mode cycle for
dishwashers and conventional cooking
products. 77 FR 49064, 49067 (Aug. 15,
2012).
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and
Whirlpool support the alternative
approach under which the energy use of
fan-only mode would be measured only
if is not a user-selectable option,
although they noted this approach could
produce non-representative results if the
energy use during fan-only mode is not
constant. These commenters cited an
example in which the fan could stop
and start over the course of the fan-only
mode, or it could operate at a different
wattage at times other than during the
sampling period. Therefore, AHAM,
BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool suggest
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that DOE include language to require
that the measured time period of 10
minutes be representative of average
energy usage. If the measurement period
is not representative, the full fan-only
mode should be measured. (AHAM, No.
35 at pp. 9–10; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3;
Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No.
32 at p. 1) ASAP, NCLC, and NRDC,
jointly (hereafter the ‘‘SNOPR3 Joint
Comment’’) support measuring fan-only
mode energy use for the duration of fanonly mode, as originally proposed in the
May 2012 SNOPR. These commenters
stated they are not aware of available
data on the representative cycle times of
fan-only mode for dishwashers or
conventional cooking products, and that
given the wide variations in fan-only
cycle times observed in the products,
any assumed cycle time would result in
significantly over-estimating or underestimating the actual energy
consumption in fan-only mode for a
majority of products. (SNOPR3 Joint
Comment, No. 37 at pp. 1–2)
Measuring fan-only mode energy use
over the full duration of fan-only mode
may provide slightly more accuracy in
the results, but such an approach can
represent significant testing burden in
the event that the duration of fan-only
mode extends to several hours.
Additionally, DOE agrees with the
SNOPR3 Joint Comment that any single
value for a representative duration of
fan-only mode for a dishwasher or
conventional cooking product that DOE
may prescribe in its test procedures
would likely not result in representative
energy use for a number of such
products. To use the alternate method
and extrapolate the results over the
duration of fan-only mode,
manufacturers must know and use the
length of the fan-only mode operation.
Use of the alternative approach would
substantially reduce testing burden
while resulting in representative energy
use for this mode. Therefore, in today’s
final rule, DOE adopts provisions in the
new dishwasher test procedure and
amends the current conventional
cooking products test procedure to
include the methodology proposed in
the May 2012 SNOPR for measuring
energy use over the full duration of fanonly mode, but also allow the choice of
the alternative method, using a testing
duration of 10 minutes, where the
duration of fan-only mode is known and
the resulting energy use extrapolated
over the entire fan-only mode will be
representative. For conventional
cooking products, DOE’s proposed
amendments for measuring fan-only
mode energy use are corrected in
today’s final rule so that the energy use
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is determined in kilowatt-hours rather
than hours.
AHAM and Whirlpool also
commented that DOE should clarify
what ‘‘as indicated to the consumer’’
means in the fan-only mode definition.
According to AHAM, this could refer to
the end of the heating function for a
cooking product or dishwasher cycle, or
when the consumer is notified of the
end of the heating function or
dishwasher cycle and the fan is running,
or something else. (AHAM, No. 27 at p.
2; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) In today’s
final rule, DOE provides further
clarification in the definition of fan-only
mode that indication to the consumer of
the end of the cycle is by means of a
display, indicator light, or audible
signal.
3. Dishwasher Water Softener
Regeneration
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE
proposed a method for measuring the
energy consumed during regeneration
cycles for water softeners built into
certain residential dishwashers. The
proposed test procedure would measure
the machine electrical energy
consumption and the water
consumption of a water softener
regeneration cycle. DOE considered
information submitted by manufacturers
in petitions for waiver from the DOE test
procedure to determine an appropriate
method for incorporating water softener
regeneration energy and water
consumption into the overall metrics. 77
FR 31444, 31449–52 (May 25, 2012).
The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment
supported the proposed water softener
regeneration test procedure, and noted
that the test procedure would eliminate
the need for additional test procedure
waivers. (NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint
Comment, No. 29 at p. 1) AHAM, BSH,
and Whirlpool opposed the proposed
test method because it would be
burdensome and result in only a small
amount of additional measured energy
and water consumption. Whirlpool
commented that it submitted detailed
data on the frequency, energy use, and
water use of water softeners in its
petition for wavier, and in granting the
waiver, DOE agreed to add constant
values of 4 kWh and 23 gallons per year
to the results calculated under the test
procedure. According to Whirlpool,
these represent a very modest amount of
annual energy and water consumption.
(AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 3–4; BSH, No. 28
at p. 2; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2; Whirlpool,
No. 26 at pp. 1–3; Whirlpool, No. 34 at
p. 2)
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool noted
that the proposed test method is not
consistent with the approach taken by
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the European standards EN 50242/EN
60436 and the IEC Standard 60436,
which disregard energy and water
consumption during water softener
regeneration, and that the lack of
harmonization increases test burden.
These commenters also stated that if the
water softener does not operate as part
of the ‘‘normal’’ energy cycle and is user
selectable, it should be treated like other
options in the test procedure and should
not be measured. (AHAM, No. 27 at p.
4; BSH, No. 28 at pp. 2–3; BSH, No. 36
at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1–3;
Whirlpool, No. 34 at p. 2)
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool further
stated that DOE overestimated the
energy use associated with water
softener regeneration cycles because it
did not account for households with
hard water that use home water
softening systems. According to BSH,
dishwashers with built-in water
softening systems are the most costly
units, and homes that can afford these
high-end dishwashers and have water
hardness above 180 parts per million
(ppm) (the maximum water hardness for
which modern phosphate-free
detergents are effective) are more likely
to have home water softening systems,
although BSH did not provide
supporting data. BSH stated that it
produces about 50,000 units per year
with built-in water softening systems,
totaling a small amount of energy
consumption for water softener
regeneration according to the current
waiver calculation methods. (AHAM,
No. 27 at p. 4; BSH, No. 28 at p. 2; BSH,
No. 36 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p.
1) The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment
stated that in the absence of data
regarding the percentage of households
with hard water that have their entire
water supply softened, DOE’s
assumption that all dishwashers with
built-in water softeners perform the
periodic regeneration is reasonable.
(NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, No. 29
at pp. 1–2)
Whirlpool also commented that
specifying an exact test water hardness
of 217 mg/L (12.7 grains) would not be
practical, and a tolerance would be
required, such as 9 to 14 grains,
allowing laboratories to use existing
water supplies and reduce the
additional test burden of special mixing
of water for this test. (Whirlpool, No. 26
at p. 3)
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
commented that if DOE includes water
softener regeneration in the test
procedure, DOE should adopt a method
of adding constant values for the water
and energy use, similar to the method
DOE agreed to in the test procedure
waivers, which would be provided by
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the manufacturer and would account for
regeneration frequency, water use, and
energy use. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 4; BSH,
No. 28 at p. 3; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2;
Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1, 3; Whirlpool,
No. 34 at p. 2)
In the waivers granted to
manufacturers for water softening
dishwashers, DOE has already
determined that the energy and water
use for water softener regeneration,
although small in comparison to the
overall energy and water use of the
dishwasher, must be included to
accurately represent true energy and
water consumption characteristics. DOE
recognizes that the proposed
methodology to measure water softener
regeneration would result in a
significant increase in testing burden, by
requiring up to 10 additional testing
cycles to determine the energy and
water use associated with that process.
The waivers granted to manufacturers of
different water softening dishwashers
demonstrate that the values for the
additional water and energy
consumption necessary for water
softener regeneration, as well as the
frequency of the regeneration process,
will vary depending on the specific
model of dishwasher. For that reason,
DOE cannot adopt fixed values for these
parameters in the dishwasher test
procedure. As an alternative approach
that will minimize significantly the
testing burden for including water
softener regeneration in the dishwasher
test procedure, DOE adopts in appendix
C1 measures of energy and water
consumption for water softener
regeneration using manufacturerreported values for the energy and water
use for each regeneration cycle and the
number of annual regeneration cycles.
In today’s final rule, DOE also amends
10 CFR 429.19 to require manufacturers
to certify and submit to DOE the fixed
values, along with data and calculations
by which they are derived, for each
basic dishwasher model equipped with
a built-in water softener system.
DOE does not have data available at
this time to determine the percentage of
households with hard water that have
their entire water supply softened, and
for that reason does not provide an
adjustment factor to the energy and
water use calculations adopted in
today’s final rule. Because DOE is not
adopting methodology for conducting
water softener regeneration testing, but
instead is incorporating energy and
water use measures by means of fixed
values, DOE is not adding any
specification in the new dishwasher test
procedure for the supply water
hardness.
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G. Measures of Energy Consumption
For the December 2010 NOPR, DOE
analyzed whether it is technically
feasible, as required by EPCA, to
combine the existing measures of energy
consumption for dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products with standby mode
and off mode energy use to form a single
metric. DOE’s tentative conclusions at
that time are discussed as follows.
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1. Dishwashers
Because the dishwasher test
procedure already combines measures
of active mode energy consumption and
a simplified measure of standby mode
energy use to derive EAEU, the current
energy use metric for standards, it is
technically feasible to incorporate
standby mode and off mode energy
consumption into the overall energy
efficiency descriptor. Furthermore, DOE
noted in the December 2010 NOPR that
its analysis of overall energy use for
dishwashers shows that the standby
mode and off mode energy use is of a
magnitude that it would materially
affect that standard-setting process
without overwhelming the effects of
differing levels of active mode energy
use . Therefore, a combined measure of
energy efficiency for dishwashers is a
meaningful measure. DOE proposed to
amend the calculation of EAEU to
incorporate the revised measures of
standby mode and off mode energy
consumption, and the revised EAEU
metric would satisfy the EPCA
requirement to integrate standby mode
and off mode energy consumption into
the overall energy consumption metric.
75 FR 75290, 75314 (Dec. 2, 2010).
EPCA requires that DOE must
determine to what extent, if any, a
proposed test procedure would alter the
measured energy efficiency of any
covered product as determined under
the existing test procedure. (42 U.S.C.
6293(e)(1)) The current DOE dishwasher
test procedure defines ‘‘standby mode’’
as the lowest power consumption mode
which cannot be switched off or
influenced by the user. DOE proposed
in the December 2010 NOPR to measure
an additional standby mode (i.e., cycle
finished mode). However, the proposed
amendments clarified that the
provisions related to the new measures
of energy consumption in standby mode
and off mode would not be required to
be used by manufacturers until the
compliance date of any amended
dishwasher standards addressing
standby mode and off mode energy use.
Therefore, the proposed amendments to
the dishwasher test procedure regarding
standby mode and off mode would not
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alter the measured efficiency of any
covered product under the existing test
procedure. 75 FR 75290, 75314 (Dec. 2,
2010).
Because the current dishwasher test
procedure already incorporates standby
energy use in the EAOC, it is technically
feasible to incorporate both standby
mode and off mode energy use into the
EAOC. Therefore, DOE proposed in the
December 2010 NOPR to amend the
EAOC calculation to incorporate the
revised measures of standby mode and
off mode energy consumption. Id.
The dishwasher test procedure
currently provides instructions for
rounding EAOC to the nearest dollar per
year. 10 CFR 430.23(c)(1). However, no
instructions are provided for rounding
the final values of EAEU or water
consumption per cycle (the metrics for
the current dishwasher energy
conservation standards), nor the
contributory measurements and interim
calculations. This lack of specificity for
rounding may lead to uncertainty in the
reported metrics or to discrepancies
among test laboratories for the same
product, resulting in difficulty for
regulated entities to ascertain, certify,
and report compliance with the existing
standards. Therefore, DOE proposed in
the December 2010 NOPR to add
instructions to 10 CFR 430.23(c)
requiring that water consumption be
rounded to one decimal place, and
EAEU be rounded to the nearest whole
kWh/year. DOE also proposed at that
time to provide rounding instructions
for EF, but as discussed in section III.J,
is removing provisions for determining
EF because it is obsolete. 75 FR 75290,
75314 (Dec. 2, 2010).
AHAM commented that is did not
oppose modifying the existing EAEU
metric for dishwashers as proposed, and
supported the rounding instructions
proposed. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 12)
Whirlpool stated that, although it is
technically feasible to create an
integrated metric for dishwashers, delay
start mode and cycle finished mode
represent de-minimus contributors to
EAEU and EAOC. According to
Whirlpool, the annual cost of energy
consumed in inactive/off mode would
range from $0 to $0.65. Whirlpool stated
that measurement of these modes adds
cost and complication to the test
procedure with no corresponding value,
and should not be included in the test
procedure. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 6)
Because integrated dishwasher energy
use metrics are technically feasible,
DOE revises in today’s final rule the
EAEU and EAOC metrics in the new
dishwasher test procedure to
incorporate measures of standby mode
and off mode energy use, as required by
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42 U.S.C. 6295(gg). DOE also adopts in
10 CFR 430.23(c) the rounding
instructions for EAEU and water
consumption that were proposed in the
December 2010 NOPR.
2. Dehumidifiers
The DOE test procedure for
dehumidifiers currently only
incorporates energy consumption in the
form of EF (see 10 CFR part 430, subpart
B, appendix X for details). EF, defined
as liters of water removed from the air
per kWh, is the metric for the current
energy conservation standards for
dehumidifiers. (10 CFR 430.32(v)) The
current DOE test procedure for
dehumidifiers does not account for
standby mode and off mode energy use.
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE
noted that its analysis of overall energy
use for dehumidifiers indicates the
standby mode and off mode energy use
is of a magnitude that it would
materially affect that standard-setting
process without overwhelming the
effects of differing levels of active mode
energy use. Therefore, DOE stated that
a combined measure of energy
efficiency for dehumidifiers is a
meaningful measure. 75 FR 75290,
75314–15 (Dec. 2, 2010).
DOE proposed in the December 2010
NOPR to establish an integrated energy
factor (IEF) measure to account for the
product’s energy use in standby mode
and off mode, as well as the energy use
of the product’s main functions. DOE
noted that the calculation of EF
represents the liters of water removed
from the air per kWh of energy
consumed over a given period of time,
such as the number of active mode
hours per year. If the ratio of the annual
standby mode and off mode hours to the
annual active mode hours is used to
apportion standby mode and off mode
power consumption over the active
mode test period of one day, it is
possible to calculate an IEF that
incorporates both the efficiency of water
removal from the air and the standby
mode and off mode energy
consumption. DOE proposed to
calculate IEF using the following
calculation: (The liters of water removed
over the active mode test cycle)/((the
active mode energy consumption over
the active mode test cycle) + ((the
standby mode and off mode annual
energy consumption 14 × 24 hours)/(the
active mode hours per year))). 75 FR
75290, 75315 (Dec. 2, 2010).
14 The standby mode and off mode annual energy
consumption is equivalent to the average standby
mode and off mode power multiplied by the
number of standby mode and off mode hours per
year.
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Section 3 of the current dehumidifier
test procedure provides instructions for
rounding EF to two decimal places. DOE
proposed in the December 2010 NOPR
to round the IEF value to two decimal
places as well. Id.
AHAM stated that is did not oppose
the proposed integrated metric for
dehumidifiers, and supports the
rounding instructions proposed.
(AHAM, No. 14 at p. 12) Whirlpool
stated that, although it is technically
feasible to create an integrated metric
for dehumidifiers, delay start mode and
bucket full/removed mode represent deminimus contributors to annual energy
consumption and operating cost.
According to Whirlpool, the annual cost
of energy consumed in off-cycle and
inactive modes would range from $0 to
$0.36. Whirlpool stated that
measurement of these modes adds cost
and complication to the test procedure
with no corresponding value, and
should not be included in the test
procedure. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 6)
Because an integrated dehumidifier
energy use metric is technically feasible,
DOE adopts in today’s final rule the new
IEF metric in the new dehumidifier test
procedure to incorporate measures of
standby mode and off mode energy use,
as required by 42 U.S.C. 6295(gg). DOE
also adopts the rounding instructions
for IEF that were proposed in the
December 2010 NOPR.
3. Conventional Cooking Products
The DOE test procedures for
conventional cooking tops, ovens, and
ranges currently incorporate various
measures of energy consumption. These
include test energy consumption,
annual cooking energy consumption,
annual energy consumption of any
continuously-burning pilot lights,
annual self-cleaning energy
consumption, annual clock energy
consumption, total annual energy
consumption, and cooking efficiency.
(See 10 CFR part 430, subpart B,
appendix I.) The test procedure also
provides a calculation for EF 15 and
EAOC. Although there are no current
energy conservation standards based on
performance for conventional cooking
products (see 10 CFR 430.32(j)),
historically, DOE’s rulemaking analyses
when considering standards have used
EF as the energy conservation metric for
conventional cooking products.
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE
noted that the conventional cooking
products test procedure currently
combines measures of energy
15 ‘‘Energy
factor’’ is defined as the ratio of the
annual useful energy output to the total annual
energy input.
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consumption and narrow forms of
standby energy use, including
continuously-operating clock and gas
standing pilot light energy
consumption, to derive an overall
‘‘energy efficiency measure.’’ Therefore,
a combined measure of energy
efficiency for conventional cooking
products has already been demonstrated
to be a workable and meaningful
measure. For this reason, DOE
tentatively concluded that it would be
technically feasible to incorporate
standby mode and off mode energy
consumption into the overall energy
efficiency descriptor (i.e., EF). In the
December 2010 NOPR, DOE proposed to
establish, for conventional electric
ovens, the ‘‘integrated annual energy
consumption,’’ defined as the sum of
the annual standby mode and off mode
energy consumption, annual primary
cooking energy consumption, and
annual primary self-cleaning energy
consumption, expressed in kWh. For
conventional gas ovens that use
electrical energy, the ‘‘integrated annual
electrical energy consumption’’ would
be defined as the sum of the annual
standby mode and off mode energy
consumption, annual secondary cooking
energy consumption,16 and annual
secondary self-cleaning energy
consumption, expressed in kWh. For
conventional electric ovens, IEF would
be defined as the (annual useful cooking
energy output)/(integrated annual
energy consumption). For conventional
gas ovens, IEF would be defined as the
(annual useful cooking energy output)/
(annual gas energy consumption +
integrated annual electrical energy
consumption). DOE also proposed
similar integrated annual energy
consumption and IEF metrics for
multiple conventional ovens (i.e.,
cooking appliances that include more
than one conventional oven). 75 FR
75290, 75315 (Dec. 2, 2010).
Also in the December 2010 NOPR,
DOE proposed to establish measures
integrating the product’s energy use in
standby mode and off mode with energy
use during the main functions of the
products. For conventional electric
cooktops, the ‘‘integrated annual energy
consumption’’ would be defined as the
(annual standby mode and off mode
energy consumption) + (annual useful
cooking energy output/conventional
cooktop cooking efficiency), expressed
in kWh. For conventional gas cooktops,
the ‘‘integrated annual electrical energy
consumption’’ would be defined as the
16 ‘‘Secondary cooking energy consumption’’
includes any electrical energy consumption of a
conventional gas cooking product during active
mode operation.
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sum of the annual standby mode and off
mode energy consumption, annual
energy consumption for cooking, and
annual energy consumption of the gas
standing pilot light, expressed in kWh.
For conventional electric cooktops, IEF
would be defined as the annual useful
cooking energy output divided by the
electric cooktop integrated annual
energy consumption. For conventional
gas cooktops, IEF would be defined as
the annual useful cooking energy output
divided by the gas cooktop integrated
annual energy consumption. Id.
DOE proposed in the December 2010
NOPR to establish the following
measures of energy consumption for
conventional kitchen ranges (i.e., a
cooktop and oven combined).
‘‘Integrated annual energy
consumption’’ would be the sum of the
annual cooking energy consumption of
each of its components plus the
conventional range annual standby
mode and off mode energy
consumption.17 The IEF of a kitchen
range would be the sum of the annual
useful cooking energy output of each
component divided by the sum of the
integrated annual energy consumption
of each component. 75 FR 75290,
75315–16 (Dec. 2, 2010).
DOE is also proposed in the December
2010 NOPR to amend the estimated
annual energy cost calculations in 10
CFR 430.23(i) to include the cost of
energy consumed in standby mode and
off mode for conventional cooking
products. 75 FR 75290, 75316 (Dec. 2,
2010). The cooking products test
procedure currently provides
instructions for rounding EAOC to the
nearest dollar per year, and the cooking
efficiency and energy factor to three
significant digits. 10 CFR 430.23(i)(1),
(2), (4). DOE proposed in the December
2010 NOPR to amend the test procedure
to provide similar instructions requiring
that EAOC based on total integrated
annual electrical energy consumption be
rounded to the nearest dollar per year
and IEF to three significant digits. 75 FR
75290, 75316 (Dec. 2, 2010).
AHAM commented that is did not
oppose the proposed integrated metrics
for conventional cooking products, and
supports the rounding instructions
17 DOE proposes to measure the standby mode
and off mode energy consumption for a
conventional range as a single product and to add
the standby mode and off mode energy
consumption separately in the calculation of the
integrated annual energy consumption. It proposes
this so that the standby mode and off mode power
consumption is not measured separately for each
component (i.e., cooktop and oven) and then
summed with the cooking annual energy
consumption, which would effectively double
count the contribution of standby mode and off
mode energy consumption.
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proposed. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 12)
Whirlpool stated that, although it is
technically feasible to create an
integrated metric for conventional
cooking products, delay start mode,
cycle finished mode, and Sabbath mode
represent de-minimus contributors to
annual energy consumption and
operating cost. Whirlpool stated that
measurement of these modes adds cost
and complication to the test procedure
with no corresponding value, and
should not be included in the test
procedure. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 6)
ASAP stated that an integrated metric
for conventional cooking products could
preclude the possibility of a future
standard for standby energy use for
conventional cooking products, as is
being considered for microwave ovens.
(ASAP, NOPR Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 10 at p. 120.
Because integrated energy use metrics
for conventional cooking products are
technically feasible, DOE adopts in
today’s final rule new IEF and
integrated annual energy consumption
metrics in the cooking products test
procedure as described to incorporate
measures of standby mode and off mode
energy use, as required by 42 U.S.C.
6295(gg). The cooking products test
procedure amendments also include
separate measures of standby mode and
off mode energy use that feed into the
calculation of IEF. Should DOE in the
future consider new energy efficiency
standards for conventional cooking
products, DOE will take appropriate
action consistent with 42 U.S.C.
6295(gg). DOE also amends in 10 CFR
430.23(i) the estimated annual energy
cost calculations to include the cost of
energy consumed in standby mode and
off mode for conventional cooking
products, as well as to provide rounding
instructions for EAOC and IEF as
proposed in the December 2010 NOPR.
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H. Dishwasher Test Procedure
Clarifications
1. Energy Test Cycle Selection and
Normal Cycle Definition
DOE proposed in the May 2012
SNOPR that soil-sensing dishwashers be
tested on the normal cycle under section
2.6.3 of appendix C if soil-sensing is
available as an option in the normal
cycle. If soil-sensing is not available for
the normal cycle, DOE proposed that the
dishwasher be tested by selecting the
cycle type that uses the soil-sensing
system, and contains all the elements of
a normal cycle including the power-dry
feature (if such a feature is provided). 77
FR 31444, 31452–53 (May 25, 2010).
DOE continued to propose this
clarification in the August 2012 SNOPR
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and further proposed that, for units with
multiple temperature options, the unit
shall be tested at the manufacturerrecommended setting, or absent a
manufacturer recommendation, at the
highest temperature setting. 77 FR
49064, 49065–66 (Aug. 15, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool opposed
the proposals in the May 2012 SNOPR
and the August 2012 SNOPR, stating
that it contradicts the definition of
normal cycle, may not represent typical
consumer usage, and creates confusion
for the tester and consumer. These
commenters stated that the ‘‘normal
cycle’’ is the appropriate energy test
cycle, and manufacturers must assume
the consumer will use the manufacturerrecommended cycle even if that cycle is
non-soil-sensing on a dishwasher
capable of soil-sensing. The commenters
further stated that manufacturers may
do this in order to provide soil-sensing
only on a specialty cycle(s), such as the
cycle intended for washing pots and
pans, and then recommend the non-soilsensing normal cycle to completely
wash a full load of normally soiled
dishes. Additionally, AHAM, BSH, and
Whirlpool noted that it is difficult to
determine which cycles use the soil
sensor. (AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 4–6; BSH,
No 28. at pp. 3–4; Whirlpool, No. 26 at
p. 1; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 88–89) AHAM
commented that DOE issued guidance
in 2010 stating that a soil-sensing cycle
is to be used, even if the normal cycle
is fixed. AHAM stated that to some, this
guidance changed the interpretation of
the test procedure. (AHAM, 2012 Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 85–86)
Additionally, AHAM, BSH, Samsung,
and Whirlpool pointed out that a
manufacturer may make multiple
recommendations for cycles that would
completely wash a full load of normally
soiled dishes, which could invite
manufacturer recommendation of
alternative cycles or option
combinations that could be interpreted
by consumers to be alternatives to the
‘‘normal cycle’’. These commenters
stated it is therefore logical that the
energy test cycle and ‘‘normal cycle’’
should be the cycle most commonly
used by consumers on an everyday
basis. Accordingly, AHAM, BSH, and
Whirlpool suggested that the definition
of ‘‘normal cycle’’ be revised to clarify
that intent, and to encourage
manufacturers to recommend cycles to
the consumer that are consistent with
the energy and water use measured by
the test procedure. In response to the
May 2012 SNOPR, they proposed the
following definition for normal cycle:
‘‘normal cycle means the cycle type
recommended by the manufacturer for
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daily, regular, or typical use to
completely wash a full load of normally
soiled dishes, including the power-dry
feature. If multiple cycles are
recommended by the manufacturer for
daily, regular, or typical use to
completely wash a full load of normally
soiled dishes, the most energy intensive
of those recommended cycles shall be
considered the normal cycle for the
purposes of this test procedure.’’ AHAM
and Whirlpool opposed the
specification of temperature options in
the normal cycle definition, but
commented that if DOE adds
temperature options to that definition,
DOE should require selection of the
highest temperature settings in the
absence of manufacturer
recommendations. BSH also supported a
requirement to select the highest
temperature settings in the absence of
manufacturer recommendations. AHAM
and Whirlpool stated that, in the
absence of data indicating which
temperature settings are most
representative of actual consumer use,
consumers could select the highest
temperature settings. (AHAM, No. 27 at
pp. 5–6; AHAM, No. 35 at p. 6; BSH,
No. 28 at pp. 3–4; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2;
Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No.
26 at pp. 1, 4; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p.
1)
In response to DOE’s updated
proposal for the definition of ‘‘normal
cycle’’ in the August 2012 SNOPR,
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool
submitted a revised definition which
would state that the ‘‘[n]ormal cycle
means the cycle type recommended in
the manufacturer’s instructions for
daily, regular, or typical use to
completely wash a full load of normally
soiled dishes, including the power-dry
feature. If no cycle or more than one
cycle is recommended in the
manufacturer’s instructions for daily,
regular, or typical use to completely
wash a full load of normally soiled
dishes, the most energy intensive of
these cycles shall be considered the
normal cycle for purposes of this test
procedure.’’ (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 6;
BSH, No. 36 at pp. 2–3; Samsung, No.
33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1)
Whirlpool commented that DOE
should include a ‘‘statement of intent’’
in the dishwasher test procedure to
clarify the test procedure for new
technology developments, and to
prevent manufacturers from creating a
specifically designed test cycle that fails
to perform the functions desired by the
consumer, similar to a recent
refrigerator rulemaking. (Whirlpool, No.
26 at pp. 3–4; Whirlpool, No. 32 at pp.
1–2) Samsung also requested that DOE
add a statement of intent to help
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manufacturers, certification bodies, and
consumers understand that the intent of
the energy test cycle selection is to
reflect the representativeness of the test
procedure to consumer use conditions.
(Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1) According to
BSH, however, any additional
statements of intent and/or additional
wording seeking to further clarify the
definition may, in some cases, result in
confusion as to what cycle should be
selected for testing. (BSH, No. 36 at p.
2)
Under EPCA, any test procedure for
consumer products that DOE prescribes
or amends shall be reasonably designed
to produce test results which measure
energy consumption or energy
efficiency of these products during a
representative average use cycle or
period of use. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3))
DOE is aware of products available on
the market that have multiple cycles
recommended by the manufacturer for
washing a full load of normally soiled
dishes, and that for soil-sensing
dishwasher these cycles may be soilsensing or non-soil sensing. Upon
consideration of the arguments put forth
by commenters that consumers are most
likely to select cycles that are
recommended by the manufacturer
when washing a full load of normally
soiled dishes, DOE determines that it
would be contrary to the EPCA
requirements if DOE were to require the
preferential selection of a soil-sensing
cycle for a soil-sensing dishwasher,
regardless of the manufacturer’s
instructions to the consumer. Therefore,
DOE agrees with the stakeholder
recommendation for the definition of
normal cycle, including the requirement
to test on the most energy-intensive of
multiple recommended cycles or, in the
absence of a manufacturer
recommendation, the most energyintensive of all cycles. Because the most
energy-intensive cycle would include
the highest energy consumption
temperature options for washing and
drying, DOE includes such a
clarification in the definition of the
normal cycle in appendix C1, which
would be required to be used on the
compliance date of any final amended
standards for dishwashers (i.e., May 30,
2013 unless the direct final rule issued
on May 30, 2012 is withdrawn). On that
compliance date, the definition of
normal cycle that DOE adopts in today’s
final rule supersedes the 2010 guidance.
For the reasons discussed above, DOE
withdraws the guidance effective May
30, 2013 (unless the direct final rule
issued on May 30, 2012 is withdrawn,
in which case the guidance will remain
in effect). DOE also clarifies in appendix
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C1 that ‘‘non-soil-sensing dishwasher’’
refers to a dishwasher that does not
have the ability to adjust automatically
any energy consuming aspect of the
normal cycle based on the soil load of
the dishes, and that a ‘‘soil-sensingdishwasher’’ does have the ability to
adjust automatically any energy
consuming aspect of the normal cycle
based on the soil load of the dishes. In
addition, DOE clarifies that soil-sensing
dishwashers shall be tested on the
normal cycle. Furthermore, DOE has not
included a statement of intent in the
amendments to the dishwasher test
procedure adopted in today’s final rule.
EPCA’s requirement that test procedures
measure energy efficiency, energy use or
water use during a representative
average use cycle obviates the need for
specific clarification of that purpose in
the residential dishwasher test
procedure in the absence of any
indication that manufacturers are
designing products that test under
conditions different than those used by
the consumer.
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
recommend that manufacturers be
required to submit with their
certification reports: (1) Whether the
unit is soil-sensing; (2) the cycle
selected for the energy test; and (3) the
options selected for the energy test.
AHAM also recommended
manufacturers certify in the report
whether the test cycle is soil-sensing.
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool suggested
that manufacturers include a clear
recommendation for the cycle setting
and options in their use and care guides,
or on the product controls. (AHAM, No.
27 at p. 6; AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at p. 87; BSH, No. 28
at pp. 4–5; BSH, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 91–92;
Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) Intertek
commented that currently, the only way
for laboratories to know if a unit has a
soil sensor is to reference the use and
care manual. (Intertek, 2012 Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 91) BSH
and Whirlpool indicated that their user
manuals likely indicate whether a unit
has a soil sensor, while GE noted their
manuals do not necessarily indicate
which cycles are soil-sensing, and
which are fixed. (BSH, 2012 Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 92;
Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at p. 92; GE, 2012
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p.
98)
DOE notes that the certification
requirements for dishwashers included
in 10 CFR part 429.19 require
manufacturers to report the following
information for each certified basic
model: the capacity in number of place
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settings as specified in ANSI/AHAM
DW–1, presence of a soil sensor (if yes,
the number of cycles required to reach
calibration), and the water inlet
temperature used for testing in °F. In
today’s final rule, DOE determined, for
reproducibility of the test procedure, to
additionally require that manufacturers
submit the cycle used for energy testing,
whether that cycle is soil-sensing, and
the options selected for that cycle
during energy testing.
2. Preconditioning
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE
proposed that, for soil-sensing
dishwashers, the cycle setting for the
active mode cycle (in which the soil
sensor is active) be selected for the
preconditioning cycle. 77 FR 31444,
31452 (May 25, 2012). In the August
2012 SNOPR, DOE additionally
proposed requiring two preconditioning
cycles to ensure the soil sensor is
properly calibrated, and to clean any
debris out of the dishwasher prior to
testing. 77 FR 49064, 49066 (Aug. 15,
2012).
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and
Whirlpool agreed with using the test
cycle for preconditioning, but also
commented that the definition of
preconditioning is vague and not
adequate for the way some products
operate today. They commented that the
proposed language may be confusing,
and recommended that the cycle used
for preconditioning be the same as the
cycles used for the test. (AHAM, No. 27
at p. 9; AHAM, No. 35 at p. 7; AHAM,
2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38
at pp. 107–108; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3;
BSH, No. 28 at p. 7; Samsung, No. 33
at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1;
Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) AHAM, BSH,
Samsung, and Whirlpool also support
the requirement for two preconditioning
cycles. (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 7; BSH, No.
36 at p. 3; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1;
Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) Whirlpool
and BSH commented that some
laboratories perform more than one
preconditioning cycle to ensure that the
machine is cleaned out and water usage
is quantified, although Whirlpool’s
products are designed so that the sensor
calibrates in one cycle. Whirlpool
acknowledged, however, that if its
dishwasher does not calibrate in the
first cycle, then it uses the next cycle as
well, and will keep trying on
subsequent cycles if there is still an
error. BSH commented that the action
taken if the sensor fails to calibrate on
the first cycle varies from manufacturer
to manufacturer. Whirlpool and BSH
stated that they have equipment in their
own laboratories that can determine
whether the sensor has calibrated, but
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they further noted that there is not a
clear way for a third-party laboratory to
determine whether the sensor had
calibrated, because the energy and water
use that would indicate a calibration
process are model-specific and the
sensor responses are complex.
According to BSH, sensor responses
may include changes in motor speed
and water temperatures, as well as water
consumption. Whirlpool and BSH
added that their sensors are designed to
calibrate with clean water, rather than
with a soiled load. (BSH, 2012 Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 111–
113, 115–116, 118; Whirlpool, 2012
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp.
109–115, 117, 119–120) Viking Range
Corporation (Viking) commented that
user manuals typically contain energy
use information for cycles that would
provide an indication to a laboratory as
to whether a calibration occurred.
(Viking, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 120–121) BSH
stated that it provides a minimum and
maximum water consumption, but
water use above the maximum is not
necessarily indicative of a problem with
calibration. (BSH, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at p. 122) UL stated
that it performs one preconditioning
cycle because that is the
recommendation in ANSI/AHAM DW–
1. (UL, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript,
No. 38 at p. 123)
DOE has determined that specifying
the energy test cycle would provide
clarity and the most accurate possible
water usage measurement for
calculation of detergent dosing. Thus, in
appendix C1 established by today’s final
rule, DOE includes the requirement that
the preconditioning cycle be conducted
using the same cycle setting as the
energy test cycle, as proposed in the
May 2012 SNOPR and August 2012
SNOPR. DOE has added further
clarification by revising the definition
for ‘‘preconditioning cycle’’ to state that
it is a normal cycle run with no test load
to ensure that the water lines and sump
area of the pump are primed. DOE also
determines that there would be a slight
additional test burden of conducting
two preconditioning cycles, but that this
increase is warranted by the
improvement in test measurements by
ensuring sensor calibration and cleaning
out the machine and is not unduly
burdensome to conduct, as discussed in
section III.K. In addition, specifying two
preconditioning cycles would eliminate
the need for laboratories to interpret
testing data to determine whether sensor
calibration occurred successfully after
the first preconditioning, thus
improving reproducibility of the test
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procedure. For these reasons, DOE is
requiring the use of two preconditioning
cycles in the dishwasher test procedure
established at appendix C1.
3. Detergent
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE
proposed determining detergent dosing
using the pre-wash and main wash fill
volumes during the preconditioning
cycle, and outlined the calculations for
the proper dosing. Additionally, the
proposal updated the type of detergent
to the currently-available ‘‘Cascade with
the Grease Fighting Power of Dawn’’
powder detergent. 77 FR 31444, 31453
(May 25, 2012). In the August 2012
SNOPR, DOE continued to propose
detergent dosing as outlined in the May
2012 SNOPR, with the clarification that
the pre-wash and main wash fill
volumes be recorded during the second
proposed preconditioning cycle. 77 FR
49064, 49066 (Aug. 15, 2012).
AHAM commented that the proposed
detergent dosage calculation leaves
room for interpretation. (AHAM, 2012
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p.
93) AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
commented that the concentration
approach for detergent dosing may no
longer be representative of actual
consumer use because consumers are
more likely to use a monodose
detergent. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
recommended that DOE should base the
decision about whether to specify a
certain amount of powder detergent or
a unitized dose such as a tablet on
consumer usage data, and cited an AC
Nielson Homescan Panel study which
found a trend towards monodose
detergents from 2000 to 2011. According
to these commenters, the study showed
that dishwasher detergent usage was
14.5 percent monodose, 39 percent gel,
and 46.5 percent powder in 2000, which
shifted to 53.5 percent monodose, 28.5
percent gel, and 18 percent powder in
2011. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
stated that a fixed detergent dose in the
dishwasher test procedure would be
more representative of consumer usage,
less burdensome, and more accurate
than the powder detergent dosage
currently required, which can vary from
test to test due to its complexity. AHAM
and Whirlpool further commented that
DOE may also consider consumer use of
monodose tablets including rinse aid.
(AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 10–11; BSH, No.
28 at pp. 7–8; Whirlpool, 2012 Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 94,
96–97; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1)
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
commented that DOE should consider
whether the detergent should be a
laboratory formulation or a formulation
available on the market. (AHAM, No. 27
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65965
at p. 10; BSH, No. 28 at pp. 7–8;
Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) BSH proposed
that DOE consider an IEC test detergent
to eliminate variation due to
manufacturing tolerances and
formulation changes. (BSH, No. 28 at p.
8) In the interim, however, without a
consumer use study, AHAM, BSH, and
Whirlpool support DOE’s proposal to
update the detergent requirement to the
‘‘Cascade with the Grease Fighting
Power of Dawn’’ formulation powder
detergent. AHAM and BSH commented,
though, that DOE would need to
consider how a phosphate-free detergent
would affect energy and water use
results. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 10; AHAM,
2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38
at pp. 93–94; BSH, No. 28 at p. 8;
Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1)
BSH noted that detergent dosing
based on the preconditioning cycle with
a clean load may not reflect the amount
of water that would be used during a
test cycle with a soiled load, and that
the food load and soil sensors will affect
each other. BSH also commented that
the detergent can influence the sensor
decision. (BSH, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 94–96, 99)
DOE has determined to adopt the
concentration specification for ‘‘Cascade
with the Grease Fighting Power of
Dawn’’ rather than the other detergent
dosing methods. A monodose detergent
would result in the same amount of
detergent being dispensed for every
dishwasher, regardless of water
consumption. This may skew test
results for dishwashers with either high
or low water consumption due to the
changes in detergent concentration that
could impact how easily soils are
removed from the test load. A
concentration-based detergent dosing
ensures that the detergent concentration
is similar from unit-to-unit.
Additionally, DOE does not have any
information indicating that this
phosphate-free detergent would have
any impact on energy and water use
results. DOE notes that the detergent
specified in ANSI/AHAM DW–1–1992
has been unavailable for a number of
years. DOE understands that
manufacturers and third-party test
laboratories have used ‘‘Cascade with
the Grease Fighting Power of Dawn’’ in
its absence, with no apparent impact in
the resulting energy and water
consumption results.
DOE acknowledges that the water
consumption in the second
preconditioning cycle with no soil load
may be different from the water
consumed during the test cycle.
However, running a soiled load with no
detergent to determine water
consumption may also yield water
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consumptions different from the test
cycle due to the lack of detergent and
less-effective removal of soils from the
test load. The method of basing
detergent dosing on the preconditioning
water consumptions helps to limit test
burden for manufacturers and thirdparty test laboratories. Additionally, the
requirement to run the preconditioning
cycle on the same setting as the test
cycles would likely lead to similar water
consumptions for both preconditioning
and testing.
Therefore, DOE continues to include
the concentration-based detergent
calculation using the pre-wash and
main wash water consumptions as
measured during the second
preconditioning cycle, and to update the
detergent specification to ‘‘Cascade with
the Grease Fighting Power of Dawn’’ for
appendix C1 in today’s final rule. DOE
also amends appendix C to specify the
detergent as ‘‘Cascade with the Grease
Fighting Power of Dawn’’ because the
currently specified detergent is no
longer available, thereby making such
specification obsolete.
4. Power Supply Requirements
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE
proposed that power be continuously
supplied to the unit during testing,
including after the preconditioning
cycle and between all test cycles. 77 FR
31444, 31452 (May 25, 2012). The
August 2012 SNOPR updated the
proposed continuous power supply
requirement to also cover the second
preconditioning test cycle proposed to
ensure sensor calibration. 77 FR 49064,
49066 (Aug. 15, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
commented that the requirement to
maintain the power supply throughout
testing would add test burden for
manufacturers who know that their soil
sensors do not lose calibration with an
interruption in the power supply. The
commenters suggested DOE add a note
to the test procedure that some soil
sensors may lose calibration, so that
third-party test laboratories would be
aware of this behavior, without
including the requirement to maintain
the power supply. This would allow
manufacturers to avoid unnecessary test
burden. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 7; BSH,
No. 28 at p. 5; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p.
1)
DOE understands that maintaining the
power supply represents an increase in
test burden for manufacturers of units
whose soil sensors do not lose
calibration. However, given the
difficulty in determining whether a soil
sensor is calibrated, DOE includes the
continuous power supply requirement
in appendix C1 to ensure consistent
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testing by either a manufacturer or a
third-party laboratory.
5. Updated Industry Standard
In response to the May 2012 SNOPR,
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
commented that DOE should
incorporate by reference the most recent
versions of external test procedures,
including ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2009 (or
the latest version of DW–1 at the time
DOE updates its incorporation by
reference). These commenters stated
that DOE would need to determine
whether this change would result in
changes to measured energy (resulting
from a change in dishware, for
example). AHAM and Whirlpool also
noted that there are differences in the
food soils specified, although Whirlpool
characterized them as ‘‘fairly subtle.’’
(AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 12–13; AHAM,
2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38
at pp. 155–156; BSH, No. 28 at p. 10;
BSH, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript,
No. 38 at p. 156; Whirlpool, No. 26 at
pp. 1, 5; Whirlpool, 2012 Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 156)
In response to these comments, for the
August 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed to
update the industry standard test
reference in appendix C from ANSI/
AHAM DW–1–1992 to DW–1–2010. 77
FR 49064, 49066 (Aug. 15, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and
Whirlpool support the proposal to
update the industry standard reference
to ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010, but noted
they do not currently have data on the
effect on energy use of changing to the
updated version of the standard. These
commenters stated that DOE must
determine whether there would be
changes to the measured energy use.
(AHAM, No. 35 at pp. 7–8; BSH, No. 36
at p. 3, Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1;
Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1)
The DOE dishwasher test procedure
references certain sections of ANSI/
AHAM DW–1 related to soil preparation
and application. Differences in other
provisions such as the dishware
specifications would not impact the
measurement of energy and water use
under the DOE test. When DOE
compared the relevant sections of 1992
and 2010 versions of the standard, it
identified the following differences:
• The brand and product description
for the coffee and preserves;
• The preparation method for the eggs
and cream corn;
• The amount of reconstituted milk
used in the potato mixture;
• The grinding specifications for the
ground beef; and
• The order of soil application.
DOE has not been presented with any
data or information that would show
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that these differences would impact the
results from the DOE dishwasher test
procedure for specific dishwasher
models. DOE also notes the uniform
support from commenters to reference
the most recent version of industry
standards in its test procedures and
observes that some test laboratories are
already conducting dishwasher testing
according to ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010.
Further, these amendments will not be
required until the compliance date of
new standards, which will be May 30,
2013, unless the direct final rule is
withdrawn. If manufacturers determine
that the new DOE test procedure does
not measure energy and water use that
is representative for their products, they
may submit to DOE a petition for waiver
from the DOE test procedure to
determine an appropriate method. For
the reasons discussed above, DOE has
decided to update the reference in its
dishwasher test procedure at appendix
C1 to ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010 in
today’s final rule.
6. Water Pressure
As noted in the August 2012 SNOPR,
DOE received comments in response to
the May 2012 SNOPR regarding
transient water pressure drop when the
water supply valve first opens. AHAM,
BSH, and Whirlpool commented that
laboratories interpret differently how
and where the water pressure is
measured and controlled. These
commenters recommended that, for
repeatability and reproducibility, DOE
should specify that the water pressure
drops to the required 35 pounds per
square inch gauge (psig) ± 2.5 psig in no
more than 2 seconds after the valve
opens. According to AHAM, its
members and independent laboratories
indicated that this is the minimum
length of time that they are capable of
achieving. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 12;
AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript,
No. 38 at p. 137; BSH, No. 28 at p. 9;
BSH, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript,
No. 38 at p. 158; Whirlpool, No. 26 at
p. 1) Samsung noted that the time for
the transient pressure drop should be
minimized so that it does not affect a
water fill, since the fill time can be
approximately 1 minute. (Samsung,
2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38
at pp. 139–140) According to Whirlpool,
the height at which the pressure
measurement is made affects the
measurement, although not
significantly. (Whirlpool, 2012 Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 137)
In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE
acknowledged that transient pressure
variations should be minimized for
reasons of test stability and
reproducibility, and, based on
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commenters’ indication of laboratory
capabilities, proposed that the specified
pressure be achieved within 2 seconds.
77 FR 49064, 49066 (Aug. 15, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool
supported this proposal, reiterating that
the duration of the pressure drop should
be limited to ensure that water is
flowing into the dishwasher at the
proper pressure and that AHAM’s
members indicated that 2 seconds is the
minimum length of time their
laboratories can achieve. (AHAM, No.
35 at p. 8; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3, Samsung,
No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p.
1)
In consideration of these comments
and for the reasons already noted, DOE
adopts in today’s final rule the
requirement in the new dishwasher test
procedure that the water pressure shall
be achieved within 2 seconds of
opening the water supply valve. DOE is
not requiring the pressure to be
measured at a particular location
because DOE did not receive sufficient
information regarding a representative
position or the impact of pressure
measurement position on the energy
and water use results.
7. Water Hardness
DOE received comments in response
to the May 2012 SNOPR and the August
2012 SNOPR that DOE should add a
water hardness specification to the
dishwasher test procedure. AHAM,
BSH, Samsung and Whirlpool
commented that DOE should reference
the water hardness specification in
ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010 of 0 to 5
grains, or 0 to 85 ppm, to reduce test
variation. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 11;
AHAM, No. 35 at p. 10; BSH, No. 28 at
p. 9; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool,
No. 26 at pp. 1, 5) AHAM and
Whirlpool further clarified that the
American Water Works Association
found this to be the normal range
occurring in municipal water supplies,
and Whirlpool stated that the water
hardness specification was intended to
reduce lab-to-lab test variation. (AHAM,
No. 27 at p. 11; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p.
1; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 148–150)
Whirlpool later changed its
recommendation for a water hardness
requirement to a range of 0 to 2 grains,
or 0 to 34 ppm, based on total hardness
and not just calcium carbonate, to
account for magnesium as well.
According to Whirlpool, laboratories
can control water hardness to this range
with water softening systems.
(Whirlpool, No. 34 at p. 2) UL
commented that varying between soft
and hard water could potentially impact
test results. (UL, 2012 Public Meeting
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Transcript, No. 38 at p. 151) AHAM
noted that in the process of developing
an ENERGY STAR test method for
dishwasher cleaning performance, DOE
proposed to adopt the water hardness
requirement in ANSI/AHAM DW–1–
1992. (AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 146–147)
DOE proposed a water hardness
requirement as part of the ENERGY
STAR test method for evaluating
dishwasher cleaning performance
because it may have an impact on
cleaning performance. However, DOE is
not aware of data indicating how
variations in water hardness may impact
energy and water consumption under
the DOE test procedure, and, therefore,
is not adopting a water hardness
requirement in the test procedure at this
time. DOE may consider this topic in a
future rulemaking if such data become
available.
8. Drain Height
AHAM noted at the 2012 Public
Meeting that the height of the
dishwasher drain is not currently
specified in the DOE test procedure, and
that such a specification should be
added to reduce testing variability.
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
subsequently proposed in their
comments on the May 2012 SNOPR that
the drain height should be specified per
the manufacturer installation
instructions. In the absence of such
instructions, these commenters
recommended a drain height of 20
inches. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 11; AHAM,
2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38
at p. 141; BSH, No. 28 at pp. 8–9;
Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1)
In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE
agreed that the use of manufacturer’s
instructions for drain height, or a
standard height in the absence of such
information, would improve
reproducibility of the test and proposed
corresponding amendments to the
dishwasher test procedure, including a
standard drain height of 20 inches. 77
FR 49064, 49066 (Aug. 15, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and
Whirlpool supported the proposed
approach to require installation of the
dishwasher with a drain height as
specified in the manufacturer’s
instructions, and that in the absence of
such instructions, the drain height
should be a standard level of 20 inches.
(AHAM, No. 35 at p. 8; BSH, No. 36 at
p. 3; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool,
No. 32 at p. 1) For reasons of test
reproducibility and in the absence of
comments objecting to this approach,
DOE includes the drain height
requirements in the new dishwasher test
procedure in today’s final rule
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65967
according to the proposal in the August
2012 SNOPR.
9. Test Load Specifications and Soiling
Requirements, Including Obsolete
Dishware and Food Items
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE
observed that the requirement for soilsensing dishwashers in the current DOE
test procedure to soil a certain number
of place settings, while leaving the
remaining place settings, serving pieces,
and all flatware in the test load unsoiled
could be ambiguous because the test
procedure does not define which items
a ‘‘place setting’’ comprises. Therefore,
DOE proposed to amend section 2.7 of
appendix C to specify the individual
items in a place setting and to identify
the serving pieces, as well as to clarify
in section 2.6.3 of appendix C that the
flatware that is part of a soiled place
setting is to remain unsoiled. 77 FR
31444, 31453 (May 25, 2012). DOE
maintained this proposal for the August
2012 SNOPR. AHAM, BSH, and
Whirlpool commented that the test
procedure was already clear in requiring
that the flatware is not to be soiled, but
did not object to the proposed
clarification. (AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 7–
8; BSH, No. 28 at p. 6; Whirlpool, No.
26 at p. 1) DOE has therefore included
these amendments to section 2.7 and
2.63 of the new dishwasher test
procedure at appendix C1 in today’s
final rule.
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE also
identified a number of test items,
including the cup and saucer, salad
fork, serving fork, and serving spoon,
which are no longer available, thereby
making such specifications obsolete.
DOE noted that AHAM had submitted
information providing alternative
specifications for all flatware and
serving pieces, which DOE proposed as
amendments to the test load
specifications in section 2.7 of appendix
C. DOE also sought comment on
alternative specifications for other
obsolete test items, such as the cup and
saucer.
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool noted
the importance to manufacturers and
third-party laboratories of identifying
replacement test load items swiftly to
run the test and certify compliance
properly. AHAM and BSH supported
DOE’s proposal for replacements to
obsolete flatware and serving pieces.
AHAM and BSH noted, however, that
although the cup and saucer are
obsolete, alternatives may be available
from the same source but with a new
item number. These commenters also
suggested that the bread and butter plate
and fruit bowl may become obsolete.
(AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 7–8; BSH, No. 28
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at pp. 5–6; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1,
5)
In addition to comments on the
obsolete test load items, DOE received
comments on obsolete food items for the
soil requirements. AHAM, BSH, and
Whirlpool stated that the margarine
specified in the current dishwasher test
procedure was no longer available, and
proposed a replacement brand and
product formulation even though it is
not possible to determine if the
replacement margarine would impact
measured energy use. (AHAM, No. 27 at
p. 8; AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 101–102; BSH,
No. 28 at p. 6; BSH, 2012 Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 102–
103; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1;
Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 103, 129)
For the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE
considered these comments, and based
on these and additional research,
proposed the items shown below in
Table 1 as replacements for obsolete or
nearly obsolete items. 77 FR 49064,
49065 (Aug. 15, 2012).
TABLE 1—PROPOSED SPECIFICATIONS FOR REPLACING OBSOLETE OR NEARLY OBSOLETE ITEMS
Item
Obsolete or Potentially Obsolete Item
Proposed Item
Cup .......................................
oz. Ceramic Cup; Corning Comcor®/Corelle®
6014162; alternatively, Arzberg 3824732100.
6 inch Saucer; Corning Comcor®/Corelle® 6010972; alternatively, Arzberg 3824731100.
6.75 inch Bread and Butter; Corning Comcor®/Corelle®
6003887; alternatively, Arzberg 8500217100.
0.20 liter Coffee Cup; Arzberg 2000–00001–4732–1; alternatively, Arzberg 3824732100.
14 cm Saucer; Arzberg 2000–00001–4731–1; alternatively, Arzberg 3824731100.
6.75 inch Bread and Butter; Corning Comcor®/Corelle®
6003887; alternatively, 17 cm Bread and Butter;
Arzberg 2000–00001–0217–1.
10 oz. Dessert Bowl; Corning Comcor®/Corelle®
6003899; alternatively, Arzberg 38205131001 or
Arzberg 2000–00001–0615–1;
Table Knife, WMF ‘‘Gastro 0800’’ 12.0803.6047.
Dessert Fork, WMF ‘‘Signum 1900’’ 12.1905.6040.
Cake Fork, WMF ‘‘Signum 1900’’ 12.1964.6040.
Coffee/Tea
Spoon’’,
WMF
‘‘Signum
1900’’
12.1910.6040.
Fleischmann’s Original stick margarine.
Saucer ..................................
Bread and butter plate .........
8
Fruit bowl .............................
10 oz. Dessert Bowl; Corning Comcor®/Corelle®
6003899; alternatively, Arzberg 3820513100.
Knife .....................................
Dinner Fork ..........................
Salad Fork ............................
Teaspoon .............................
Oneida®
Oneida®
Oneida®
Oneida®
Margarine .............................
Fleischmann’s corn oil (6 g of fat per 14 g serving) not
whipped.
Folgers, Decaffeinated Drip Grind ..................................
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Coffee ...................................
Accent
Accent
Accent
Accent
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and
Whirlpool support the proposed
replacement items for the flatware,
serving pieces, and food items,
including the margarine and coffee.
(AHAM, No. 35 at pp. 2–3; BSH, No. 36
at p. 2; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1;
Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) Therefore,
DOE adopts these replacement flatware,
serving pieces, and food items in the
amendments to appendix C procedure
in today’s final rule. DOE also includes
these replacement items in the new
dishwasher test procedure at appendix
C1.
For the dishware replacements,
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool
noted that, although the primary cups
and saucers specified in the test
procedure are obsolete, the alternate
Arzberg items specified are still
available, albeit with new product
numbers. The alternate cup, Arzberg
product number 3824732100, currently
specified in the dishwasher test
procedure is now designated as product
number 1382 00001 4732. The alternate
saucer, Arzberg product number
3824731100, currently specified in the
dishwasher test procedure is now
designated as product number 1382
00001 4731. Because the shapes of
DOE’s proposed replacement cup and
saucer are different than for the existing
alternate Arzberg cup saucer and it is
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2619STSF
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............................................
............................................
............................................
Folgers Classic Decaf.
not known how these differences could
affect the test results, these commenters
recommend not adopting DOE’s
proposal for the cup and saucer. Instead,
they suggest that DOE designate the
current alternate Arzberg cup saucer,
identified by their new product
numbers, as the primary items and not
specify alternates. AHAM, BSH,
Samsung, and Whirlpool further
commented that DOE’s proposed
replacement cup and saucer could
potentially be acceptable alternates, but
manufacturers would first need to assess
the impacts of such variables as the
weight of the items and the ability of
various rack designs to accommodate
them. These commenters stated that it
would be ideal for at least one option for
the cup and saucer to be sourced from
within the United States in order to
minimize burden. (AHAM, No. 35 at pp.
3–4; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2; Samsung, No.
33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1)
DOE has ascertained that the alternate
cup and saucer currently specified in
the DOE test procedure are available for
purchase at this time under the different
item numbers identified by commenters.
Therefore, for consistency in the
dishwasher test results, DOE amends
the dishwasher test procedure in today’s
final rule to specify the current alternate
Arzberg cup and saucer by their new
product numbers as the alternate test
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load items. DOE reconsidered its
proposal to eliminate the specifications
for the obsolete Corning Comcor/Corelle
cup and saucer, and instead retains
these as the primary test load items so
that manufacturers and testing
laboratories may continue to use items
they may already possess. DOE also
includes these replacement item
specifications in the new dishwasher
test procedure at appendix C1. If DOE
receives additional information
regarding dishwasher energy and water
consumption using the Arzberg
replacement cup and saucer proposed in
the August 2012 SNOPR, or other
alternatives suggested by interested
parties, DOE may consider updating the
test procedure at that time so that
additional options for the cup and
saucer are available to manufacturers
and testing laboratories.
For the bread and butter plate,
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool
agreed that the existing Corning
Comcor/Corelle test item be retained. In
addition, these commenters agreed with
the proposed Arzberg replacement item,
product number 2000 00001 0217 1, as
an alternate item, but noted that it may
actually be the redesignated product
number for the existing Arzberg
alternate bread and butter plate, product
number 8500217100. These commenters
recommend that DOE list both product
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numbers as alternates in the dishwasher
test procedure so that testing can
continue until it is verified whether the
products are the same. (AHAM, No. 35
at p. 5; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2; Samsung,
No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p.
1)
DOE agrees with that the approach
will minimize impact on manufacturers
and testing laboratories, and adopts in
today’s final rule specifications for the
two Arzberg bread and butter plate
product numbers as allowable alternate
test load items in appendix C and
appendix C1.
For the fruit bowl, AHAM, BSH,
Samsung, and Whirlpool agreed with
DOE’s proposal to retain the existing
primary Corning Comcor/Corelle
specification but objected to DOE’s
proposed Arzberg additional alternate
specification. The commenters stated
that the additional replacement fruit
bowl is significantly larger than the
existing fruit bowl, so there could be an
impact on measured energy use due to
the weight difference and ability for the
bowl to fit into racks. However, the
commenters did not provide a
suggestion for a recommended
replacement for the alternate fruit bowl.
(AHAM, No. 35 at p. 5; BSH, No. 36 at
p. 2; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool,
No. 32 at p. 1)
DOE acknowledges that the impact of
a fruit bowl that is larger than the item
currently specified in the dishwasher
test procedure is not known. Therefore,
for consistency in the dishwasher test
results, DOE does not adopt the
proposed Arzberg replacement fruit
bowl as an additional alternate test load
item in today’s final rule. DOE also
reconsidered its proposal to eliminate
the specifications for the obsolete
Arzberg fruit bowl currently specified as
the alternate item, and instead retains
this product as an alternate test load
item in both appendix C and appendix
C1 so that manufacturers and testing
laboratories may continue to use items
they may already possess. If DOE
receives additional information
regarding dishwasher energy and water
consumption while using the Arzberg
replacement fruit bowl proposed in the
August 2012 SNOPR, or another
alternative suggested by interested
parties, DOE may consider updating the
test procedure at that time so that
additional options for the fruit bowl are
available to manufacturers and testing
laboratories.
In response to the May 2012 SNOPR,
DOE also received comments that DOE
should clarify in the dishwasher test
procedure the length of time that soils
may sit or be stored before they are
applied to the dishware. AHAM, BSH,
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and Whirlpool stated that potatoes will
get stiffer the longer they sit, and
proposed that prepared potatoes should
be used within 30 minutes of
preparation. AHAM and Whirlpool also
noted that oatmeal settles and thus
proposed that it should be prepared and
applied as specified in both ANSI/
AHAM DW–1–1992 and ANSI/AHAM
DW–1–2010; i.e., the oatmeal should
stand for 1 minute after preparation and
then be used immediately. Whirlpool
noted that the length of time that the
prepared oatmeal sits could cause
variability in the test procedure. AHAM,
BSH, and Whirlpool additionally
recommended that the reconstituted
milk should be allowed to be stored for
use over the course of a day, and that
the prepared one-pound packages of
beef be allowed to be stored in a freezer
for up to 6 months to minimize
variability in the test procedure.
(AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 8–9; BSH, No. 28
at p. 6; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1;
Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at p. 128)
In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE
proposed to amend the dishwasher test
procedure to require the potatoes to be
used within 30 minutes of preparation
and the reconstituted milk be allowed to
be stored for use over the course of 1
day, as recommended by commenters.
DOE’s proposal also included
provisions for reconstituting the milk.
DOE additionally proposed to adopt the
commenters’ recommendation that the
1-pound packages of ground beef shall
be stored frozen for no more than 6
months. DOE determined that the
instructions contained within the
referenced sections of both versions of
ANSI/AHAM DW–1 pertaining to soil
preparation and application, which are
or were proposed to be referenced in
appendix C, are sufficiently clear in
requiring the prepared oatmeal to sit no
longer than 1 minute before using.
Therefore, DOE did not propose any
clarifications in the August 2012
SNOPR for the oatmeal preparation. 77
FR 49064, 49067 (Aug. 15, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and
Whirlpool support DOE’s proposed
clarifications to the soil preparation and
storage requirements for potatoes,
reconstituted milk, and ground beef,
even though these commenters added
that manufacturer’s instructions for
reconstituting the milk could change.
The commenters also reiterated their
recommendation that the dishwasher
test procedure specifically require that
the oatmeal be prepared and used
consistent with ANSI/AHAM DW–1–
1992 and 2009. (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 9;
BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; Samsung, No. 33
at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) Viking
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65969
commented that it was aware of outside
laboratories that do not put water into
the milk formulation directly and
measure dry milk into the oatmeal
mixture. (Viking, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at p. 133)
For the reasons stated above, and
consideration of comments expressing
support, DOE is revising the soil
preparation and storage provisions for
potatoes, reconstituted milk, and ground
beef for the new dishwasher test
procedure in today’s final rule as
proposed in the August 2012 SNOPR.
DOE also clarifies in appendix C1 that
the nonfat dry milk shall be
reconstituted with water before mixing
with the oatmeal and potatoes. DOE
notes that the referenced section 5.5 of
ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010 pertaining to
soil preparation explicitly requires that
the oatmeal mixture be allowed to stand
for 1 minute after mixing, then used
immediately. Thus the instructions the
commenters seek regarding the use of
the oatmeal mixture are incorporated by
reference in today’s new dishwasher test
procedure without requiring additional
clarification.
AHAM commented that there have
been some questions about the use of a
brush versus a spatula for soiling the
dishes because ANSI/AHAM DW–1–
1992 references utensils, but does not
provide specific details beyond the
order of the soil application. (AHAM,
2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38
at p. 127) In today’s final rule, DOE
updates the industry test method in
appendix C1 from the previous ANSI/
AHAM DW–1–1992 to ANSI/AHAM
DW–1–2010. DOE notes that the newer
version of this standard includes
clarification as to which soils should be
spread with a spatula or brush.
BSH and Whirlpool commented that
DOE should harmonize these changes
with the Canadian test method because
Canada may have different
interpretations than DOE. (BSH, 2012
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p.
107; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at p. 107)
DOE is aware of the Canadian test
procedure, which is similar to the DOE
test procedure in appendix C. To DOE’s
knowledge, the proposed substitutions
and soiling times represent an industry
consensus on these issues, and therefore
are appropriate additions to the DOE
test procedure regardless of the
Canadian interpretation. Additionally,
the substitute materials available in the
United States may differ from those
available in Canada. As a result, DOE
has included the proposed substitutions
and soiling times in today’s
amendments.
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10. Rack Position and Loading
DOE received comments in response
to the May 2012 SNOPR which
indicated that the rack position and
loading pattern for the test load should
be specified in the dishwasher test
procedure. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
stated that the position of the upper rack
can affect water pressure during a test,
which BSH and Whirlpool felt could
influence the rate at which food soils
fall off the test load and the turbidity
sensor decisions. AHAM, BSH, and
Whirlpool recommended that for the
energy test, the upper rack should be in
the position recommended by the
manufacturer, or, in the absence of such
a recommendation, in the as-shipped
position to reduce potential test
variation. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 11;
AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript;
No. 38 at pp. 141–142; BSH, No. 28 at
p. 9; BSH, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript; No. 38 at pp. 143–144;
Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1; Whirlpool,
2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38
at p. 145) Intertek stated that it tests
dishwashers with the rack in the asshipped position, while UL commented
that it tests according to the
manufacturer instructions. (Intertek,
2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38
at p. 146; UL, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at p. 151) According
to BSH, rack position varies from
product-to-product. Different platforms
may have the same as-shipped position
for the racks, yet have different
manufacturer recommendations in the
user manuals. (BSH, 2012 Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 144)
Furthermore, AHAM stated that the asshipped position of the rack for a
particular model may not always be the
same. (AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at p. 143)
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
commented that it is difficult to
standardize loading patterns due to
varying rack designs. These commenters
stated DOE should require a loading
pattern according to the manufacturer’s
recommendation. The commenters
further stated that the unsoiled dishes
should be loaded first to settle the
loading arrangement, and then the
appropriate number of unsoiled dishes
should be replaced with soiled ones in
an alternating pattern, avoiding placing
all soiled dishes in one grouped area or
in the corners of the racks. AHAM, BSH,
and Whirlpool pointed out that this
method is similar to what DOE
proposed in its first draft performance
test procedure for ENERGY STAR.
(AHAM, No. 27 at p. 9; BSH, No. 28 at
p. 7; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1)
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In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE
proposed amendments to the
dishwasher test procedure that would
require adjusting the rack position
according to the manufacturer
recommendations and loading the
soiled dishes according to section 5.8 of
ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010, which
specifies loading the dishware in
accordance with manufacturer’s
recommendation, following the loading
pattern provided in the manufacturer’s
use and care guide, without nesting the
dishware or flatware. DOE concluded
that these proposed amendments would
improve test repeatability and
reproducibility. 77 FR 49064, 49066–67
(Aug. 15, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and
Whirlpool supported the requirement
that the rack be positioned according to
manufacturer recommendations for
washing a full load of normally soiled
dishes. But they further recommended
that DOE specify that, in the absence of
a manufacturer recommendation
regarding rack position for the normal
cycle, the rack shall be positioned in the
as-shipped position. (AHAM, No. 35 at
p. 8; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; Samsung, No.
33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1)
DOE notes that, although AHAM had
also indicated in response to the May
2012 SNOPR that the as-shipped
position may vary for a particular
model, it is likely that in such instances,
manufacturers would provide
instructions as to the appropriate rack
placement during operation.
Furthermore, it is likely that a
dishwasher that does not provide
instructions regarding rack position
would be shipped with the rack in a
position suitable for washing a full load
of normally soiled dishes. Therefore, to
provide clarity to testing laboratories
regarding rack position for both
situations, DOE adopts in today’s final
rule for appendix C1 the instructions to
install the dishwasher with the rack
positioned according to manufacturer
instructions for washing a full load of
normally soiled dishes, and that in the
absence of such instructions, the rack
shall be maintained in the as-shipped
position.
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and
Whirlpool reiterated that dish loading is
a potential source for variation, and that
it is difficult to achieve standardization
of loading patterns because rack designs
vary. The commenters also noted that
DOE did not propose specifications for
how the soiled items are to be
distributed when loaded (i.e., all
positioned together or alternating with
the unsoiled items.) Thus, AHAM, BSH,
Samsung, and Whirlpool recommend a
loading pattern according to the
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manufacturer’s recommended loading
pattern, with addition specification that
the unsoiled dishes be loaded first to
settle the loading arrangement, and then
the appropriate number of unsoiled
dishes be replaced with soiled ones
with soiled and unsoiled dishes
alternating. The commenters would
further recommend that testers should
avoid placing all soiled dishes in one
grouped area or in the corners of the
racks. AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and
Whirlpool again noted these
instructions would be similar to those
proposed in the first draft ENERGY
STAR test method for dishwasher
performance, and they encouraged DOE
to harmonize the loading requirements
in appendix C and the future ENERGY
STAR test method. (AHAM, No. 35 at p.
10; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; Samsung, No.
33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 31 at p. 1)
DOE is not aware of, nor did
commenters provide, data indicating
whether the loading arrangement of
dishes may impact the measured energy
and water consumption of a particular
dishwasher, but notes that the loading
requirements proposed in the August
2012 SNOPR, which reference section
5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010 and
accordingly its requirement to follow
the manufacturer’s instructions, do not
generally preclude testing using an
alternating loading pattern of soiled and
clean dishware. However, some
manufacturer’s instructions could
conflict with specific requirements for
the location of the soiled items. For
example, the manufacturer may
recommend that the most heavily soiled
items be placed in a certain location on
the rack, which would conflict with the
instructions to alternate soiled and
clean items. For these reasons, DOE is
not adding in today’s final rule any
additional loading instructions in the
dishwasher test procedure beyond those
specified in section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM
DW–1–2010.
11. Rinse Aid Container
The dishwasher test procedure
precludes the use of rinse aid during
testing, including preconditioning.
However, AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
commented in response to the May 2012
SNOPR that some third-party
laboratories fill the rinse aid container
before the starting the energy test cycle,
presumably to prevent an indicator light
from turning on during the test. These
commenters believe that DOE should
clarify that the rinse aid container
should not be filled with water.
According to BSH, the added water
creates a thermal mass that must be
heated when the dishwasher is
operated, which would result in higher
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energy use. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
stated that if the indicator light does
turn on, its energy use should be
measured. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 11;
AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript,
No. 38 at pp. 135–136; BSH, No. 28 at
p. 8; BSH, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at p. 136; Whirlpool,
No. 26 at p. 1)
DOE agreed with commenters, and for
reasons of consistency in testing,
proposed in the August 2012 SNOPR
amendments to the dishwasher test
procedure that would clarify that the
rinse aid container should not be filled
with water for energy testing. 77 FR
49064, 49067 (Aug. 15, 2012). AHAM,
BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool agreed
with this proposal. (AHAM, No. 35 at p.
8; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; Samsung, No. 33
at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) DOE
adopts in today’s final rule this
provision for the new dishwasher test
procedure to ensure reproducibility of
results.
12. Technical Corrections
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE noted
that in sections 5.4.1 and 5.4.2 of the
current dishwasher test procedure,
water energy consumption is calculated
as specified for both non-soil-sensing
and soil-sensing dishwashers using
electrically heated water ‘‘[f]or the
normal and truncated normal test
cycle.’’ Because the normal and
truncated normal test cycles do not
apply to soil-sensing dishwashers, DOE
proposed to remove this qualification in
newly designated sections 5.5.1.1 and
5.5.2.1. Similarly, in sections 5.5.1 and
5.5.2 of the current dishwasher test
procedure, water energy consumption is
calculated as specified for both non-soilsensing and soil-sensing dishwashers
using gas-heated or oil-heated water
‘‘[f]or each test cycle.’’ Because for soilsensing dishwashers the calculation is
applied to a single weighted-average
water consumption measured over the
sensor heavy response, sensor medium
response, and sensor light response
cycles, this qualification may cause
confusion. Therefore, DOE proposed to
remove this qualification in newly
designated sections 5.6.1.1 and 5.6.2.1.
DOE also proposed to correct references
to the water consumption values used in
the calculation of water energy
consumption in these sections of the
dishwasher test procedure, so that
separate references are provided for
non-soil-sensing and soil-sensing
dishwashers. 77 FR 31444, 31454 (May
25, 2012).
In addition, DOE stated in the May
2012 SNOPR that, due to a transcription
error in publication, the September 2011
SNOPR erroneously specified in the
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regulatory text for the proposed
dishwasher test procedure amendments
the calculation of estimated annual
operating cost for dishwashers having a
truncated normal cycle which operate at
50 °F inlet water temperature.
Specifically, the calculation proposed in
10 CFR 430.23(c)(1)(i)(B) contained
extraneous variables ‘‘B’’ and ‘‘V.’’ DOE
proposed, therefore, in the May 2012
SNOPR to remove these extraneous
variables to correct the calculation. 77
FR 31444, 31455 (May 25, 2012). DOE
maintained these proposals in the
August 2012 SNOPR.
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
commented that they did not oppose
these two technical corrections to the
dishwasher test procedure. (AHAM, No.
27 at p. 13; BSH, No. 28 at p. 10;
Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) For the
reasons explained above, DOE adopts in
today’s final rule the corrections to
water energy consumption provisions in
both the new and currently applicable
dishwasher test procedures. DOE also
adopts the corrected calculation
described above in its amendments to
10 CFR 430.23(c).
Whirlpool commented that DOE
should revise its proposal in the May
2012 SNOPR for section 4.1.2 in the
dishwasher test procedure to specify
that VWSavg is defined as the average of
VWS,1 and VWS,2. (Whirlpool, No. 26 at
p. 1) These variables represent the water
consumption measured during test
cycles performed to determine the water
use associated with water softener
regeneration. In the initial portion of the
test, two test cycles are run, and the
water consumption measured for each
(VWS,1 and VWS,2) are compared. If the
difference in water consumption
between the two cycles is greater than
10 percent, the cycle in which the larger
water use occurred is deemed to contain
a water softener regeneration event. The
water consumption associated with a
cycle containing a water softener
regeneration event (VWSmax) is, under
these conditions, the larger of VWS,1 and
VWS,2. The smaller of VWS,1 and VWS,2
would be deemed to represent a typical
non-water softener regeneration cycle,
denoted by VWSavg. DOE proposed this
terminology because, if a water softener
regeneration event doesn’t occur in the
first two test cycles, additional cycles
are run, with the water consumption for
each new cycle being compared to the
average of water consumptions for the
previous cycles. Averaging the water
consumptions for the non-water softener
regeneration cycles would decrease
variation in the test procedure results.
Because VWSavg represents a typical nonwater softener regeneration cycle, not a
numerical average of VWS,1 and VWS,2,
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DOE did not alter its proposal for the
August 2012 SNOPR as Whirlpool
suggested, nor is it adopting such a
revision to the provisions in the new
dishwasher test procedure established
in today’s final rule because the water
consumption for water softener
regeneration shall be a value reported by
the manufacturer.
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE
inadvertently proposed in section 4.4.2
of the dishwasher test procedure
language that refers to section 1.11 of
the test procedure. DOE corrected that
proposal in the August 2012 SNOPR to
properly refer to section 1.13. DOE
includes section 4.2.2 of appendix C1 in
today’s final rule according to the
August 2012 SNOPR.
I. Incorporation by Reference of an
Updated AHAM Dehumidifier Test
Procedure
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE
proposed updating the dehumidifier test
procedure to clarify which version of
the AHAM test method ‘‘Dehumidifiers’’
(DH–1) should be used for testing. DOE
evaluated both DH–1–1992 and DH–1–
2008, and concluded that both versions
would produce comparable results for
the DOE dehumidifier test procedure.
However, DOE proposed referencing the
newer version, DH–1–2008, for both the
capacity and EF measurements because
it provides additional clarity and
specificity that may improve test
accuracy, repeatability, and
reproducibility. DOE also proposed
removing the reference to the ENERGY
STAR qualification criteria for
determining EF, given that the EF
methodology is included in DH–1–2008.
77 FR 31444, 31453–54 (May 25, 2012).
DOE maintained this proposal for the
August 2012 SNOPR.
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool support
DOE’s proposal to incorporate by
reference ANSI/AHAM DH–1–2008 for
the measurement of capacity and EF,
and the calculation of IEF, in its
dehumidifier test procedure. The
commenters stated that clarity and
consistency for regulated parties is
critical so that all regulated and other
parties (e.g., third-party laboratories,
DOE, EPA) are testing per the same test
procedure; therefore, they believe it is
important that DOE clarify which
version of DH–1 it intends to reference
in its test procedure. AHAM, BSH, and
Whirlpool commented that, to their
knowledge, there is no difference in the
measured energy between versions of
DH–1, but each version contains
important technical improvements and
clarifications, making the most current
version of the standard the best one to
reference. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 13; BSH,
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1)
In consideration of this support and
for the reasons previously stated, DOE
incorporates by reference ANSI/AHAM
DH–1–2008 in appendix X1 as the test
method for determining capacity and
EF. DOE also does not include in
appendix X1 the previous reference to
the ENERGY STAR qualification criteria
for determining EF.
J. Removal of Obsolete Measures of Gas
Pilot Light Energy Consumption in the
Conventional Cooking Products Test
Procedure and of Energy Factor
Calculations for Dishwashers
The energy conservation standards for
cooking products require that gas
cooking products manufactured on or
after April 9, 2012, shall not be
equipped with a constant-burning pilot
light. 10 CFR 430.32(j). In the May 2012
SNOPR, DOE proposed removing the
provisions for measuring the energy
consumption of constant-burning pilot
lights from the conventional cooking
products test procedures. 77 FR 31444,
31455 (May 25, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool support
removing the constant-burning pilot
light provisions from the conventional
cooking products test procedures.
(AHAM, No. 27 at p. 13; BSH, No. 28
at p. 11; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1, 5)
Given this support and the obsolescence
of constant-burning pilot lights, today’s
amendments remove the standing pilot
light provisions from the test procedures
for conventional cooking products.
Specifically, today’s final rule removes
the following existing sections in 10
CFR part 430, subpart B, appendix I:
• Section 2.9.2.2 (‘‘Flow meter’’);
• Section 3.1.1.2 (‘‘Continuously
burning pilot lights of a conventional
gas oven’’);
• Section 3.1.2.1 (‘‘Continuously
burning pilot lights of a conventional
gas cooking top’’);
• Section 3.2.1.3 (‘‘Gas consumption
of continuously burning pilot lights’’
[for conventional gas ovens]);
• Section 3.2.2.1 (‘‘Gas consumption
of continuously burning pilot lights’’
[for conventional gas cooking tops]);
• Section 3.3.7 (recording the gas
flow rate or gas consumption and
elapsed time for a continuously burning
pilot light of a conventional gas oven);
• Section 3.3.10 (recording the gas
flow rate or gas consumption and
elapsed time for a continuously burning
pilot light of a conventional gas cooking
top);
• Section 4.1.2.2 (‘‘Annual energy
consumption of any continuously
burning pilot lights’’ [for conventional
gas ovens]); and
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• Section 4.2.2.2.2 (‘‘Annual energy
consumption of any continuously
burning gas pilots’’ [for conventional gas
cooking tops]).
Today’s final rule also modifies (and
renumbers where appropriate) the
following existing sections in appendix
I to eliminate the measures of energy
use relating to gas pilot lights:
• Section 1.7 (‘‘Normal nonoperating
temperature’’);
• Section 1.14 (‘‘Symbol usage’’);
• Section 2.9.2.1 (‘‘Positive
displacement meters’’);
• Section 3.1.1 (‘‘Conventional
oven’’);
• Section 3.1.1.1 (‘‘Self-cleaning
operation of a conventional oven’’);
• Section 3.1.2 (‘‘Conventional
cooking top’’);
• Section 4.1.2.5.2 (‘‘Conventional
gas oven energy consumption’’);
• Section 4.1.2.6.2 (‘‘Conventional
gas oven energy consumption’’ [for
multiple conventional gas ovens’’]);
• Section 4.2.1.2 (‘‘Gas surface unit
cooking efficiency’’); and
• Section 4.2.2.2.3 (‘‘Total annual
energy consumption of a conventional
gas cooking top’’).
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE also
proposed to eliminate the calculation of
energy factor for dishwashers in 10 CFR
430.23 because this metric is no longer
used in DOE’s energy conservation
standards for dishwashers or to make
representations of energy efficiency. 77
FR 31444, 31455 (May 25, 2012). DOE
did not receive any comments on this
proposal, and amends 10 CFR 430.23 in
today’s final rule to eliminate the energy
factor calculation.
K. Compliance With Other EPCA
Requirements
1. Test Burden
EPCA requires that any test
procedures prescribed or amended
under this section be reasonably
designed to produce test results which
measure energy efficiency, energy use or
estimated annual operating cost of a
covered product during a representative
average use cycle or period of use and
shall not be unduly burdensome to
conduct. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3))
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE
noted that the proposed amendments to
the residential dishwasher,
dehumidifier, and conventional cooking
products test procedures would
incorporate a test standard that is
accepted internationally for measuring
power consumption in standby mode
and off mode (IEC Standard 62301).
DOE analyzed the available versions of
IEC Standard 62301 at that time—IEC
Standard 62301 (First Edition), IEC
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Standard 62301 (CDV), and IEC
Standard 62301 (FDIS)—and
determined that the proposed
amendments to the residential
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and
conventional cooking products test
procedures would produce standby
mode and off mode average power
consumption measurements
representative of an average use cycle.
DOE also determined that the test
methods and equipment that the
amendments would require for
measuring standby mode and off mode
power in these products would not be
substantially different from the test
methods and equipment required in the
current DOE tests. Thus, DOE
tentatively concluded that the proposed
test procedure amendments would not
require manufacturers to make
significant investments in test facilities
and new equipment. In sum, DOE
tentatively concluded in the December
2010 NOPR that the amended test
procedures would produce test results
that measure the standby mode and off
mode power consumption during
representative use, and that the test
procedures would not be unduly
burdensome to conduct. 75 FR 75290,
75316 (Dec. 2, 2010).
The September 2011 SNOPR
proposed amendments to the DOE test
procedures based on an updated version
of IEC Standard 62301, IEC Standard
62301 (Second Edition), which has been
the subject of significant review and
input from interested parties and, thus,
continues to be an internationally
accepted test standard for measuring
standby mode and off mode power
consumption. As discussed in the
September 2011 SNOPR, the provisions
of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition)
that DOE proposed to incorporate by
reference provide a means to measure
power consumption with greater
accuracy and repeatability than the
provisions from IEC Standard 62301
(First Edition) that were originally
proposed in the December 2010 NOPR.
For this reason, DOE tentatively
concluded that the amendments
proposed in the September 2011 SNOPR
would also provide measurements
representative of average consumer use
of the product under test. DOE further
determined that these new provisions in
the applicable sections of IEC Standard
62301 (Second Edition) would improve
test results without undue testing
burden. DOE acknowledged in the
September 2011 SNOPR that certain
methods from IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition) may increase test
duration, but where such an increase
was deemed excessive (i.e., for products
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with clocks that can vary in power
consumption as a function of time
displayed), DOE retained the method
previously proposed to mitigate test
burden. The potential for increased test
burden in other power consumption
measurements is offset by more
reasonable requirements for testing
equipment, while maintaining
measurement accuracy deemed
acceptable and practical by voting
members for IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition). Thus, DOE tentatively
concluded that the amended test
procedures proposed in the September
2011 SNOPR would produce test results
that measure the standby mode and off
mode power consumption during
representative use, and that the test
procedures would not be unduly
burdensome to conduct. 76 FR 58346,
58354 (Sep. 20, 2011).
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE
proposed to measure energy use in fanonly mode for dishwashers and
conventional cooking products as a
continuation of the active mode cycle,
which would require more stringent
specifications for the watt-hour meters
than currently specified in the
dishwasher and conventional cooking
products test procedures. By not
requiring a separate cycle to be run, the
proposed approach would minimize test
burden associated with the
measurement of fan-only mode. The
May 2012 SNOPR also proposed
amendments to incorporate the energy
and water use associated with
dishwasher water softener regeneration.
Manufacturers would need to run up to
an additional ten cycles to ensure that
a regeneration process is captured. DOE
based this proposal on the information
supplied by manufacturers that, on
average, water-softening dishwashers
regenerate approximately once every six
cycles. To minimize test burden,
particularly for soil-sensing
dishwashers, DOE proposed in the May
2012 SNOPR that these cycles would be
run with no test load, since DOE
believes that a substantial part of the
burden for the existing test procedure is
incurred by the preparation and
application of soils to the dishware. 77
FR 31444, 31447–51 (May 25, 2012).
The May 2012 SNOPR’s proposal to
reference AHAM DH–1–2008 in the
dehumidifier test procedure would,
according to DOE’s estimates, require
more accurate measurement equipment
that would cost approximately $500.
DOE also noted in the May 2012 SNOPR
that the proposed test room
requirements could require the use of a
larger test chamber than is specified
under the current test procedure, and
could also require different air handling
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equipment. DOE noted that many test
laboratories may already be using
AHAM DH–1–2008 and, thus, may
already meet these requirements. In
addition, for those laboratories that are
recording data manually, the more
frequent data recording events in DOE’s
proposal could result in three times the
data recording events than are currently
required. Because only four parameters
are recorded for each event, however,
DOE estimated in the May 2012 SNOPR
that the total increase in operator time
would be less than 1 hour. 77 FR 31444,
31453–54 (May 25, 2012).
In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE
noted that the replacement items
proposed were intended to be
inexpensive, representative of
commonly-found items, and in some
cases already used by manufacturers in
testing dishwashers. In addition, DOE
proposed a definition of normal cycle
for dishwashers supported by
manufacturers because it will lead to
consistent, representative results. The
updated industry test method for
dishwashers was also supported by
manufactures because it will lead to,
among other things, reduced test
variation, as would the proposals for
consistent preparation time for the soils
used in the test procedure, the
positioning of the dishwasher rack
during testing, the method of loading,
the tighter tolerances on ambient
temperature, the added specifications
for water pressure measurement and
drain height, and the clarifications for
the rinse aid container. Finally, DOE
proposed an alternative method of
measuring the energy use in fan-only
mode for dishwashers and cooking
products that could significantly
decrease overall testing time. 77 FR
49064, 49065–67 (Aug. 15, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
estimated the test burden associated
with the proposed water softener
regeneration test method for the
dishwasher test procedure to be 20 to 30
additional test hours. (AHAM, No. 27 at
p. 4; BSH, No. 28 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No.
26 at p. 1) DOE considered
manufacturer test burden when it
evaluated comments on its proposed
methodology for measuring energy and
water use due to water softener
regeneration, and acknowledges that the
proposal would add burden by requiring
up to an additional 10 dishwasher
washing and drying cycles, compared to
either one or three washing and drying
cycles and one preconditioning cycle
currently required in the test procedure.
As discussed in section III.F.3, DOE is
not adopting the proposed testing
methodology in today’s final rule due to
this burden, Instead, DOE includes in
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the new dishwasher test procedure
measures of energy and water
consumption for water softener
regeneration using manufacturerreported values for the energy and water
use for each regeneration cycle and the
number of annual regeneration cycles.
DOE additionally discusses in section
IV.B of this notice comments received
regarding the investments that
manufacturers may incur due to today’s
final rule and DOE’s determination that
they do not represent significant
burden. Therefore, for the reasons
discussed above, DOE concludes that
the new and amended test procedures
for dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and
conventional cooking products will
produce test results that measure the
active mode, standby mode, and off
mode power consumption during
representative use, and that the test
procedures will not be unduly
burdensome to conduct.
2. Certification Requirements
As codified at 42 U.S.C. 6299, et seq.,
EPCA authorizes DOE to enforce
compliance with the energy and water
conservation standards established for
covered consumer products. On March
7, 2011, the Department published a
final rule in the Federal Register, which
revised, consolidated, and streamlined
its existing certification, compliance,
and enforcement regulations for covered
consumer products, including
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and
conventional cooking products. 76 FR
12422.18 The certification regulations
are codified at 10 CFR 429.19
(dishwashers), 10 CFR 429.23
(conventional cooking tops,
conventional ovens, microwave ovens),
and 10 CFR 429.36 (dehumidifiers).
The certification requirements for
each of the products covered in today’s
final rule consist of a sampling plan for
selection of units for testing and
requirements for certification reports.
AHAM commented that no revisions
would be required for current standards
for dehumidifiers and conventional
cooking products, so that no changes are
necessary for the reporting requirements
for these products. AHAM also
supported DOE’s proposed changes to
the sampling plan for dehumidifiers and
conventional cooking products. (AHAM,
No. 20 at p. 3) Because the amendments
and new provisions adopted for
dehumidifiers and conventional cooking
products test procedures will not revise
the current energy conservation
standards, DOE is not proposing any
amendments to the certification
18 Certification requirements for industrial
equipment are also included in these regulations.
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reporting requirements for these
products. However, because DOE in
today’s final rule introduces a new
metric (IEF) for both conventional
cooking products and dehumidifiers,
DOE additionally amends provisions in
the sampling plan at 10 CFR 429.23 and
10 CFR 429.36 that include IEF along
with the existing measure of EF.
AHAM stated that the measured
energy use for dishwashers will be
affected by the amendments to the
dishwasher test procedure. For example,
cycle finished mode energy use is not
currently measured, but will required to
be included under the amended test
procedure. AHAM commented that DOE
should amend the reporting
requirements to account for the change.
(AHAM, No. 20 at p. 3) No such
amendments are adopted for residential
dishwashers in today’s final rule
because DOE is not adding any new
energy efficiency metric for these
products. DOE is, though, amending in
today’s final rule the reporting
requirements in 10 CFR 429.19 for
dishwashers to specify that
manufacturers submit with their
certification reports: (1) The cycle
selected for the energy test; (2) whether
the cycle selected for the energy test is
soil-sensing; (3) the options selected for
the energy test; and (4) whether the
dishwasher has a built-in water
softening system, and if yes, the energy
and water use required for each
regeneration of the water softening
system, the number of regeneration
cycles per year, and data and
calculations used to derive these values.
IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory
Review
A. Review Under Executive Order 12866
The Office of Management and Budget
has determined that test procedure
rulemakings do not constitute
‘‘significant regulatory actions’’ under
section 3(f) of Executive Order 12866,
Regulatory Planning and Review, 58 FR
51735 (Oct. 4, 1993). Accordingly, this
action was not subject to review under
the Executive Order by the Office of
Information and Regulatory Affairs
(OIRA) in the Office of Management and
Budget (OMB).
srobinson on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with
B. Review Under the Regulatory
Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5
U.S.C. 601 et seq.) requires preparation
of a regulatory flexibility analysis for
any rule that by law must be proposed
for public comment, unless the agency
certifies that the rule, if promulgated,
will not have a significant economic
impact on a substantial number of small
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entities. As required by Executive Order
13272, ‘‘Proper Consideration of Small
Entities in Agency Rulemaking,’’ 67 FR
53461 (Aug. 16, 2002), DOE published
procedures and policies on February 19,
2003, to ensure that the potential
impacts of its rules on small entities are
properly considered during the DOE
rulemaking process. 68 FR 7990. DOE
has made its procedures and policies
available on the Office of the General
Counsel’s Web site: www.gc.doe.gov/gc/
office-general-counsel
DOE reviewed today’s final rule under
the provisions of the Regulatory
Flexibility Act and the procedures and
policies published on February 19,
2003. DOE has concluded that the rule
would not have a significant impact on
a substantial number of small entities.
The factual basis for this certification is
as follows:
The Small Business Administration
(SBA) considers a business entity to be
small business, if, together with its
affiliates, it employs less than a
threshold number of workers specified
in 13 CFR part 121. These size standards
and codes are established by the North
American Industry Classification
System (NAICS). The threshold number
for NAICS classification code 335228,
‘‘Other Major Household Appliance
Manufacturing,’’ which applies to
residential dishwasher manufacturers, is
500 employees. The threshold number
for NAICS classification code 335221,
‘‘Household Cooking Appliance
Manufacturing,’’ which applies to
manufacturers of residential
conventional cooking products, is 750
employees. The threshold number for
NAICS classification code 335211,
‘‘Electric Housewares and Household
Fan Manufacturing,’’ which applies to
dehumidifier manufacturers, is 750
employees.
Most of the manufacturers supplying
residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers,
and/or conventional cooking products
are large multinational corporations.
DOE surveyed the AHAM member
directory to identify manufacturers of
residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers
and conventional cooking products.
DOE then consulted publicly-available
data, purchased company reports from
vendors such as Dun and Bradstreet,
and contacted manufacturers, where
needed, to determine if they meet the
SBA’s definition of a ‘‘small business
manufacturing facility’’ and have their
manufacturing facilities located within
the United States. Based on this
analysis, DOE identified no small
businesses that manufacture
dishwashers, five small businesses that
manufacture dehumidifiers, and two
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small businesses that manufacture
conventional cooking products.
Today’s final rule amends DOE’s test
procedures for dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and cooking products.
Because DOE is unaware of any small
businesses that manufacture
dishwashers, there are no impacts on
such manufacturers due to the
amendments to DOE’s dishwasher test
procedure.
Today’s rule amends DOE’s test
procedures for dehumidifiers and
conventional cooking products by
incorporating testing provisions to
address standby mode and off mode
energy use in these products, as well as
cooking products fan-only mode energy
consumption. The test procedure
amendments involve measuring power
input when the product is in standby
mode or off mode, as well as fan-only
mode for a conventional cooking
product. These tests can be conducted
in the same facilities used for the
current energy testing of these products,
so there are no additional facilities costs
required by this final rule. In addition,
while the watt-hour meter required for
these tests might require greater
accuracy than the watt-hour meter used
for current energy testing, the
investment required for a possible
instrumentation upgrade would likely
be relatively modest. It is possible that
the manufacturers, or their testing
facilities, already have equipment that
meets the more stringent meter
requirements, but an Internet search of
equipment that specifically meets the
requirements reveals a cost of
approximately $2,000.
Whirlpool stated that the equipment
necessary to meet the requirements of
IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) for
measuring airflow and harmonics either
does not exist or does not exist in
sufficient accuracy or quantity.
Whirlpool estimated that the cost to its
company of such equipment would be
up to $48,000, and that the cost for test
equipment upgrades for the harmonics
measurement alone would be $10,000.
(Whirlpool, No.21 at p. 3; Whirlpool,
No. 26 at p. 6) Although Whirlpool’s
estimates are higher than DOE’s, DOE
recognizes that a large manufacturer
may require multiple meters to equip its
testing facilities, and that a small
business would likely require
investments in the range of DOE’s
estimates.
Today’s final rule also updates the
industry test method for dehumidifiers
in new appendix X1. As discussed in
III.K.1, this update could impose on
manufacturers a cost for new
measurement equipment of
approximately $500, as well as
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potentially increasing operator time by
less than 1 hour over the course of a 24hour test.
The costs described above are small
compared to the overall financial
investment needed to undertake the
business enterprise of testing consumer
products which involves facilities,
qualified staff, and specialized
equipment. Based on its review of
industry data,19 DOE estimates that the
small dehumidifier and cooking product
businesses have annual revenues of $10
million to $60 million.
DOE recognizes that the updated
reference to the industry dehumidifier
test method could potentially require
manufacturers to install a larger test
chamber and different air handling
equipment. However, some
manufacturers may already be using
ANSI/AHAM DH–1–2008 in certifying
their products. DOE notes that one of
the small businesses has products listed
in AHAM’s current dehumidifier
certification database, indicating that
those tests were conducted according to
DH–1–2008. In addition, AHAM
selected an independent test laboratory
to conduct dehumidifier testing and
verification using DH–1–2008. It is
likely that testing that this laboratory
performs for manufacturers to determine
compliance with energy conservation
standards would be conducted in the
same facility. Therefore, DOE concludes
that small businesses would not be
likely to require investments in facility
upgrades due to the new dehumidifier
test procedure that references DH–1–
2008.
Furthermore, DOE adopts in today’s
final rule amendments that limit the
duration of the fan-only mode testing for
conventional ovens and conventional
ranges to minimize test burden. Under
today’s final rule, the energy use in fanonly mode is measured for 10 minutes,
and then extrapolated over the duration
of the fan-mode. DOE estimates that the
total time currently required for
conventional oven testing (or for testing
the conventional oven portion of a
range) to be approximately 4 hours for
products not equipped with the
capability for forced convection or selfcleaning, with an additional 3 hours
required for testing forced convection
and an additional 4 hours required for
testing self-clean operation. DOE’s
research did not identify any
conventional ovens or conventional
ranges manufactured by either of the
two small cooking products
manufacturers that are equipped with
19 Annual revenue estimates based on financial
reports obtained from Hoover’s Inc., available
online at www.hoovers.com.
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either forced convection or self-clean
capability. DOE estimates that fan-only
mode testing in the absence of such
features could increase testing time by
approximately 3 percent. However,
DOE’s research also suggests that none
of the conventional ovens and
conventional ranges manufactured by
the two small cooking products
businesses are capable of operation in
fan-only mode, and therefore it is
unlikely that these manufacturers would
be impacted by the fan-only mode
testing provisions.
For these reasons, DOE concludes and
certifies that today’s final rule will not
have a significant economic impact on
a substantial number of small entities.
Accordingly, DOE has not prepared a
regulatory flexibility analysis for this
rulemaking. DOE has transmitted the
certification and supporting statement
of factual basis to the Chief Counsel for
Advocacy of the SBA for review under
5 U.S.C. 605(b).
C. Review Under the Paperwork
Reduction Act of 1995
Manufacturers of residential
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and
conventional cooking products must
certify to DOE that their products
comply with any applicable energy
conservation standards. In certifying
compliance, manufacturers must test
their products according to the DOE test
procedures for residential dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products including any
amendments adopted for those test
procedures. DOE has established
regulations for the certification and
recordkeeping requirements for all
covered consumer products and
commercial equipment, including
residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers,
and conventional cooking products. (76
FR 12422 (Mar. 7, 2011). The collectionof-information requirement for the
certification and recordkeeping is
subject to review and approval by OMB
under the Paperwork Reduction Act
(PRA). This requirement has been
approved by OMB under OMB control
number 1910–1400. Public reporting
burden for the certification is estimated
to average 20 hours per response,
including the time for reviewing
instructions, searching existing data
sources, gathering and maintaining the
data needed, and completing and
reviewing the collection of information.
Notwithstanding any other provision
of the law, no person is required to
respond to, nor shall any person be
subject to a penalty for failure to comply
with, a collection of information subject
to the requirements of the PRA, unless
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that collection of information displays a
currently valid OMB Control Number.
D. Review Under the National
Environmental Policy Act of 1969
In this final rule, DOE amends its test
procedure for residential dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products. DOE has determined
that this rule falls into a class of actions
that are categorically excluded from
review under the National
Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42
U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) and DOE’s
implementing regulations at 10 CFR part
1021. Specifically, this rule amends an
existing rule without affecting the
amount, quality or distribution of
energy usage, and, therefore, will not
result in any environmental impacts.
Thus, this rulemaking is covered by
Categorical Exclusion A5 under 10 CFR
part 1021, subpart D, which applies to
any rulemaking that interprets or
amends an existing rule without
changing the environmental effect of
that rule. Accordingly, neither an
environmental assessment nor an
environmental impact statement is
required.
E. Review Under Executive Order 13132
Executive Order 13132, ‘‘Federalism,’’
64 FR 43255 (Aug. 4, 1999) imposes
certain requirements on agencies
formulating and implementing policies
or regulations that preempt State law or
that have Federalism implications. The
Executive Order requires agencies to
examine the constitutional and statutory
authority supporting any action that
would limit the policymaking discretion
of the States and to carefully assess the
necessity for such actions. The
Executive Order also requires agencies
to have an accountable process to
ensure meaningful and timely input by
State and local officials in the
development of regulatory policies that
have Federalism implications. On
March 14, 2000, DOE published a
statement of policy describing the
intergovernmental consultation process
it will follow in the development of
such regulations. 65 FR 13735. DOE
examined this final rule and determined
that it will not have a substantial direct
effect on the States, on the relationship
between the national government and
the States, or on the distribution of
power and responsibilities among the
various levels of government. EPCA
governs and prescribes Federal
preemption of State regulations as to
energy conservation for the products
that are the subject of today’s final rule.
States can petition DOE for exemption
from such preemption to the extent, and
based on criteria, set forth in EPCA. (42
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U.S.C. 6297(d)) No further action is
required by Executive Order 13132.
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F. Review Under Executive Order 12988
Regarding the review of existing
regulations and the promulgation of
new regulations, section 3(a) of
Executive Order 12988, ‘‘Civil Justice
Reform,’’ 61 FR 4729 (Feb. 7, 1996),
imposes on Federal agencies the general
duty to adhere to the following
requirements: (1) Eliminate drafting
errors and ambiguity; (2) write
regulations to minimize litigation; (3)
provide a clear legal standard for
affected conduct rather than a general
standard; and (4) promote simplification
and burden reduction. Section 3(b) of
Executive Order 12988 specifically
requires that Executive agencies make
every reasonable effort to ensure that the
regulation: (1) Clearly specifies the
preemptive effect, if any; (2) clearly
specifies any effect on existing Federal
law or regulation; (3) provides a clear
legal standard for affected conduct
while promoting simplification and
burden reduction; (4) specifies the
retroactive effect, if any; (5) adequately
defines key terms; and (6) addresses
other important issues affecting clarity
and general draftsmanship under any
guidelines issued by the Attorney
General. Section 3(c) of Executive Order
12988 requires Executive agencies to
review regulations in light of applicable
standards in sections 3(a) and 3(b) to
determine whether they are met or it is
unreasonable to meet one or more of
them. DOE has completed the required
review and determined that, to the
extent permitted by law, this final rule
meets the relevant standards of
Executive Order 12988.
G. Review Under the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995
Title II of the Unfunded Mandates
Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA) requires
each Federal agency to assess the effects
of Federal regulatory actions on State,
local, and Tribal governments and the
private sector. Public Law 104–4, sec.
201 (codified at 2 U.S.C. 1531). For a
regulatory action resulting in a rule that
may cause the expenditure by State,
local, and Tribal governments, in the
aggregate, or by the private sector of
$100 million or more in any one year
(adjusted annually for inflation), section
202 of UMRA requires a Federal agency
to publish a written statement that
estimates the resulting costs, benefits,
and other effects on the national
economy. (2 U.S.C. 1532(a), (b)) The
UMRA also requires a Federal agency to
develop an effective process to permit
timely input by elected officers of State,
local, and Tribal governments on a
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proposed ‘‘significant intergovernmental
mandate,’’ and requires an agency plan
for giving notice and opportunity for
timely input to potentially affected
small governments before establishing
any requirements that might
significantly or uniquely affect small
governments. On March 18, 1997, DOE
published a statement of policy on its
process for intergovernmental
consultation under UMRA. 62 FR
12820; also available at www.gc.doe.gov.
DOE examined today’s final rule
according to UMRA and its statement of
policy and determined that the rule
contains neither an intergovernmental
mandate, nor a mandate that may result
in the expenditure of $100 million or
more in any year, so these requirements
do not apply.
H. Review Under the Treasury and
General Government Appropriations
Act, 1999
Section 654 of the Treasury and
General Government Appropriations
Act, 1999 (Pub. L. 105–277) requires
Federal agencies to issue a Family
Policymaking Assessment for any rule
that may affect family well-being.
Today’s final rule will not have any
impact on the autonomy or integrity of
the family as an institution.
Accordingly, DOE has concluded that it
is not necessary to prepare a Family
Policymaking Assessment.
I. Review Under Executive Order 12630
DOE has determined, under Executive
Order 12630, ‘‘Governmental Actions
and Interference with Constitutionally
Protected Property Rights’’ 53 FR 8859
(Mar.18, 1988), that this regulation will
not result in any takings that might
require compensation under the Fifth
Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
J. Review Under Treasury and General
Government Appropriations Act, 2001
Section 515 of the Treasury and
General Government Appropriations
Act, 2001 (44 U.S.C. 3516 note) provides
for agencies to review most
disseminations of information to the
public under guidelines established by
each agency pursuant to general
guidelines issued by OMB. OMB’s
guidelines were published at 67 FR
8452 (Feb. 22, 2002), and DOE’s
guidelines were published at 67 FR
62446 (Oct. 7, 2002). DOE has reviewed
today’s final rule under the OMB and
DOE guidelines and has concluded that
it is consistent with applicable policies
in those guidelines.
K. Review Under Executive Order 13211
Executive Order 13211, ‘‘Actions
Concerning Regulations That
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Significantly Affect Energy Supply,
Distribution, or Use,’’ 66 FR 28355 (May
22, 2001), requires Federal agencies to
prepare and submit to OMB, a
Statement of Energy Effects for any
significant energy action. A ‘‘significant
energy action’’ is defined as any action
by an agency that promulgated or is
expected to lead to promulgation of a
final rule, and that: (1) Is a significant
regulatory action under Executive Order
12866, or any successor order; and (2)
is likely to have a significant adverse
effect on the supply, distribution, or use
of energy; or (3) is designated by the
Administrator of OIRA as a significant
energy action. For any significant energy
action, the agency must give a detailed
statement of any adverse effects on
energy supply, distribution, or use if the
regulation is implemented, and of
reasonable alternatives to the action and
their expected benefits on energy
supply, distribution, and use.
Today’s regulatory action is not a
significant regulatory action under
Executive Order 12866. Moreover, it
would not have a significant adverse
effect on the supply, distribution, or use
of energy, nor has it been designated as
a significant energy action by the
Administrator of OIRA. Therefore, it is
not a significant energy action, and,
accordingly, DOE has not prepared a
Statement of Energy Effects.
L. Review Under Section 32 of the
Federal Energy Administration Act of
1974
Under section 301 of the Department
of Energy Organization Act (Pub. L. 95–
91; 42 U.S.C. 7101), DOE must comply
with section 32 of the Federal Energy
Administration Act of 1974, as amended
by the Federal Energy Administration
Authorization Act of 1977. (15 U.S.C.
788; FEAA) Section 32 essentially
provides in relevant part that, where a
proposed rule authorizes or requires use
of commercial standards, the notice of
proposed rulemaking must inform the
public of the use and background of
such standards. In addition, section
32(c) requires DOE to consult with the
Attorney General and the Chairman of
the Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
concerning the impact of the
commercial or industry standards on
competition.
The amendments to the test
procedures in today’s final rule
incorporate testing methods contained
in certain sections of the following
commercial standards:
1. ANSI/AHAM Standard DH–1–2008,
Dehumidifiers, 2008, ANSI approved
May 9, 2008.
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2. ANSI/AHAM Standard DW–1–
2010, Household Electric Dishwashers,
ANSI approved September 10, 2010.
3. IEC Standard 62301, Household
electrical appliances—Measurement of
standby power, Edition 2.0, 2011–01.
DOE has evaluated these standards
and is unable to conclude whether they
fully comply with the requirements of
section 32(b) of the FEAA (i.e., whether
they were developed in a manner that
fully provides for public participation,
comment, and review.) DOE has
consulted with both the Attorney
General and the Chairman of the FTC
about the impact on competition of
using the methods contained in these
standards and has received no
comments objecting to their use.
M. Congressional Notification
As required by 5 U.S.C. 801, DOE will
report to Congress on the promulgation
of today’s rule before its effective date.
The report will state that it has been
determined that the rule is not a ‘‘major
rule’’ as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).
V. Approval of the Office of the
Secretary
The Secretary of Energy has approved
publication of this final rule.
List of Subjects
10 CFR Part 429
Administrative practice and
procedure, Buildings and facilities,
Business and industry, Energy
conservation, Grant programs—energy,
Housing, Incorporation by reference,
Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Technical assistance.
10 CFR Part 430
Administrative practice and
procedure, Confidential business
information, Energy conservation,
Household appliances, Imports,
Incorporation by reference,
Intergovernmental relations, Small
businesses.
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Issued in Washington, DC, on September
14, 2012.
Kathleen B. Hogan,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Energy
Efficiency, Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy.
For the reasons stated in the
preamble, DOE amends parts 429 and
430 of title 10 of the Code of Federal
Regulations, as set forth below:
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PART 429—CERTIFICATION,
COMPLIANCE, AND ENFORCEMENT
FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS AND
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL
EQUIPMENT
1. The authority citation for part 429
continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291–6317.
2. Section 429.4 is amended by adding
paragraph (b)(2) to read as follows:
■
§ 429.4 Materials incorporated by
reference.
*
*
*
*
*
(b) * * *
(2) ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010,
Household Electric Dishwashers, (ANSI
approved September 18, 2010), IBR
approved for § 429.19.
*
*
*
*
*
■ 3. Section 429.19 is amended by
revising paragraph (b)(3) to read as
follows:
§ 429.19
Dishwashers.
*
*
*
*
*
(b) * * *
(3) Pursuant to § 429.12(b)(13), a
certification report shall include the
following additional product-specific
information when using appendix C or
appendix C1: the capacity in number of
place settings as specified in ANSI/
AHAM DW–1–1992 when using
appendix C (incorporated by reference,
see § 429.4) and ANSI/AHAM DW–1–
2010 when using appendix C1
(incorporated by reference, see § 429.4),
presence of a soil sensor (if yes, the
number of cycles required to reach
calibration), and the water inlet
temperature used for testing in degrees
Fahrenheit (°F). When using appendix
C1, additionally: the cycle selected for
energy testing and whether that cycle is
soil-sensing, the options selected for the
energy test, and presence of a built-in
water softening system (if yes, the
energy use in kilowatt-hours and the
water use in gallons required for each
regeneration of the water softening
system, the number of regeneration
cycles per year, and data and
calculations used to derive these
values).
■ 4. Section 429.23 is amended by
revising paragraph (a)(2)(ii) introductory
text to read as follows:
§ 429.23 Conventional cooking tops,
conventional ovens, microwave ovens.
(a) * * *
(2) * * *
(ii) Any represented value of the
energy factor, integrated energy factor,
or other measure of energy consumption
of a basic model for which consumers
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65977
would favor higher values shall be less
than or equal to the lower of:
*
*
*
*
*
■ 5. Section 429.36 is amended by
revising paragraph (a)(2)(ii) introductory
text to read as follows:
§ 429.36
Dehumidifiers.
(a) * * *
(2) * * *
(ii) Any represented value of the
energy factor, integrated energy factor,
or other measure of energy consumption
of a basic model for which consumers
would favor higher values shall be less
than or equal to the lower of:
*
*
*
*
*
PART 430—ENERGY CONSERVATION
PROGRAM FOR CONSUMER
PRODUCTS
6. The authority citation for part 430
continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291–6309; 28 U.S.C.
2461 note.
7. Section 430.3 is amended by:
a. Redesignating paragraphs (h)(1) and
(h)(2) through (h)(5) as paragraphs (h)(2)
and (h)(4) through (h)(7) respectively;
■ b. Adding new paragraphs (h)(1) and
(h)(3); and
■ c. Revising paragraph (m)(2).
The additions and revisions read as
follows:
■
■
§ 430.3 Materials incorporated by
reference.
*
*
*
*
*
(h) * * *
(1) ANSI/AHAM DH–1–2008 (‘‘ANSI/
AHAM DH–1’’), Dehumidifiers, ANSI
approved May 9, 2008, IBR approved for
appendix X1 to subpart B.
*
*
*
*
*
(3) ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010,
Household Electric Dishwashers, (ANSI
approved September 18, 2010), IBR
approved for appendix C1 to subpart B.
*
*
*
*
*
(m) * * *
(2) IEC Standard 62301 (‘‘IEC 62301’’),
Household electrical appliances–
Measurement of standby power (Edition
2.0, 2011–01), IBR approved for
appendix C1, appendix I, appendix J2,
and appendix X1 to subpart B.
*
*
*
*
*
■ 8. Section 430.23 is amended by
revising paragraphs (c), (i), and (z) to
read as follows:
§ 430.23 Test procedures for the
measurement of energy and water
consumption.
*
*
*
*
*
(c) Dishwashers. (1) The Estimated
Annual Operating Cost (EAOC) for
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dishwashers must be rounded to the
nearest dollar per year and is defined as
follows:
(i) When cold water (50 °F) is used,
(A) When using appendix C (see the
note at the beginning of appendix C), for
dishwashers having a truncated normal
cycle as defined in section 1.15 of
appendix C to this subpart, EAOC = (De
× S) + (De × N × (M¥(ED/2))).
(B) When using appendix C1 (see the
note at the beginning of appendix C1),
for dishwashers having a truncated
normal cycle as defined in section 1.22
of appendix C1 to this subpart, EAOC =
(De × ETLP) + (De × N × (M + MWS +
EF¥(ED/2))).
(C) When using appendix C (see the
note at the beginning of appendix C), for
dishwashers not having a truncated
normal cycle, EAOC = (De × S) + (De ×
N × M).
(D) When using appendix C1 (see the
note at the beginning of appendix C1),
for dishwashers not having a truncated
normal cycle, EAOC = (De × ETLP) + (De
× N × (M + MWS + EF)).
Where,
De = the representative average unit cost of
electrical energy, in dollars per kilowatthour, as provided by the Secretary,
S = the estimated annual standby energy
consumption in kilowatt-hours per year
and determined according to section 5.6
of appendix C to this subpart,
ETLP = the annual combined low-power mode
energy consumption in kilowatt-hours
per year and determined according to
section 5.7 of appendix C1 to this
subpart,
N = the representative average dishwasher
use of 215 cycles per year,
M = the machine energy consumption per
cycle for the normal cycle, as defined in
section 1.6 of appendix C to this subpart,
in kilowatt-hours and determined
according to section 5.1 of appendix C to
this subpart when using appendix C (see
the note at the beginning of appendix C);
the normal cycle is defined in section
1.12 of appendix C1 to this subpart, and
the machine energy consumption per
cycle in kilowatt-hours must be
determined according to section 5.1.1 of
appendix C1 to this subpart for non-soilsensing dishwashers and section 5.1.2 of
appendix C1 to this subpart for soilsensing dishwashers when using
appendix C1 (see the note at the
beginning of appendix C1),
MWS = the machine energy consumption per
cycle for water softener regeneration, in
kilowatt-hours and determined
according to section 5.1.3 of appendix C1
to this subpart,
EF = the fan-only mode energy consumption
per cycle, in kilowatt-hours and
determined according to section 5.2 of
appendix C1 to this subpart, and
ED = the drying energy consumption, in
kilowatt-hours and defined as energy
consumed using the power-dry feature
after the termination of the last rinse
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option of the normal cycle; ED is
determined according to section 5.2 of
appendix C to this subpart when using
appendix C (see the note at the beginning
of appendix C), and determined
according to section 5.3 of appendix C1
to this subpart when using appendix C1
(see the note at the beginning of
appendix C1),
(E) Manufacturers calculating EAOC
pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(i)(A) of this
section should calculate EAEU pursuant
to paragraph (c)(2)(i)(A) of this section.
Manufacturers calculating EAOC
pursuant to paragraphs (c)(1)(i)(B) of
this section should calculate EAEU
pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i)(B) of this
section. Manufacturers calculating
EAOC pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(i)(C)
of this section should calculate EAEU
pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(A) of
this section. Manufacturers calculating
EAOC pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(i)(D)
of this section should calculate EAEU
pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(B) of this
section.
(ii) When electrically-heated water
(120 °F or 140 °F) is used,
(A) When using appendix C (see the
note at the beginning of appendix C), for
dishwashers having a truncated normal
cycle as defined in section 1.15 of
appendix C to this subpart, EAOC = (De
× S) + (De × N × (M¥(ED/2))) + (De × N
× W).
(B) When using appendix C1 (see the
note at the beginning of appendix C1),
for dishwashers having a truncated
normal cycle as defined in section 1.22
of appendix C1 to this subpart, EAOC =
(De × ETLP) + (De × N × (M + MWS +
EF¥(ED/2))) + (De × N × (W + WWS)).
(C) When using appendix C (see the
note at the beginning of appendix C), for
dishwashers not having a truncated
normal cycle, EAOC = (De × S) + (De ×
N × M) + (De × N × W).
(D) When using appendix C1 (see the
note at the beginning of appendix C1),
for dishwashers not having a truncated
normal cycle, EAOC = (De × ETLP) + (De
× N × (M + MWS + EF)) + (De × N × (W
+ WWS)).
Where,
De, S, ETLP, N, M, MWS, EF, and ED, are
defined in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this
section,
W = the water energy consumption per cycle
for the normal cycle as defined in section
1.6 of appendix C to this subpart, in
kilowatt-hours and determined
according to section 5.4 of appendix C to
this subpart when using appendix C (see
the note at the beginning of appendix C);
when using appendix C1 (see the note at
the beginning of appendix C1), the
normal cycle is as defined in section 1.12
of appendix C1 to this subpart, and the
water energy consumption per cycle in
kilowatt-hours is determined according
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to section 5.5.1.1 of appendix C1 to this
subpart for dishwashers that operate
with a nominal 140 °F inlet water
temperature and section 5.5.2.1 of
appendix C1 to this subpart for
dishwashers that operate with a nominal
inlet water temperature of 120 °F, and
WWS = the water softener regeneration water
energy consumption per cycle in
kilowatt-hours and determined
according to section 5.5.1.2 of appendix
C1 to this subpart for dishwashers that
operate with a nominal 140 °F inlet
water temperature and section 5.5.2.2 of
appendix C1 to this subpart for
dishwashers that operate with a nominal
inlet water temperature of 120 °F.
(E) Manufacturers calculating EAOC
pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(ii)(A) of
this section should calculate EAEU
pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i)(A) of this
section. Manufacturers calculating
EAOC pursuant to paragraphs
(c)(1)(ii)(B) of this section should
calculate EAEU pursuant to paragraph
(c)(2)(i)(B) of this section. Manufacturers
calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraph
(c)(1)(ii)(C) of this section should
calculate EAEU pursuant to paragraph
(c)(2)(ii)(A) of this section.
Manufacturers calculating EAOC
pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(ii)(D) of
this section should calculate EAEU
pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(B) of this
section.
(iii) When gas-heated or oil-heated
water is used,
(A) When using appendix C (see the
note at the beginning of appendix C), for
dishwashers having a truncated normal
cycle as defined in section 1.15 of
appendix C to this subpart, EAOCg = (De
× S) + (De × N × (M¥(ED/2))) + (Dg × N
× Wg).
(B) When using appendix C1 (see the
note at the beginning of appendix C1),
for dishwashers having a truncated
normal cycle as defined in section 1.22
of appendix C1 to this subpart, EAOCg
= (De × ETLP) + (De × N × (M + MWS +
EF¥(ED/2))) + (Dg × N × (Wg + WWSg)).
(C) When using appendix C (see the
note at the beginning of appendix C), for
dishwashers not having a truncated
normal cycle, EAOCg = (De × S) + (De ×
N × M) + (Dg × N × Wg).
(D) When using appendix C1 (see the
note at the beginning of appendix C1),
for dishwashers not having a truncated
normal cycle, EAOCg = (De × ETLP) + (De
× N × (M + MWS + EF)) + (Dg × N × (Wg
+ WWSg)).
Where,
De, S, ETLP, N, M, MWS, EF, and ED are
defined in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this
section,
Dg = the representative average unit cost of
gas or oil, as appropriate, in dollars per
Btu, as provided by the Secretary,
Wg = the water energy consumption per cycle
for the normal cycle as defined in section
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srobinson on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with
1.6 of appendix C to this subpart, in Btus
and determined according to section 5.5
of appendix C to this subpart when using
appendix C (see the note at the beginning
of appendix C); when using appendix C1
(see the note at the beginning of
appendix C1), the normal cycle is as
defined in section 1.12 of appendix C1
to this subpart, and the water energy
consumption per cycle in Btus is
determined according to section 5.6.1.1
of appendix C1 to this subpart for
dishwashers that operate with a nominal
140 °F inlet water temperature and
section 5.6.2.1 of appendix C1 to this
subpart for dishwashers that operate
with a nominal inlet water temperature
of 120 °F and
WWSg = the water softener regeneration
energy consumption per cycle in Btu per
cycle and determined according to
section 5.6.1.2 of appendix C1 to this
subpart for dishwashers that operate
with a nominal 140 °F inlet water
temperature and section 5.6.2.2 of
appendix C1 to this subpart for
dishwashers that operate with a nominal
inlet water temperature of 120 °F.
(E) Manufacturers calculating EAOC
pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(iii)(A) of
this section should calculate EAEU
pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i)(A) of this
section. Manufacturers calculating
EAOC pursuant to paragraphs
(c)(1)(iii)(B) of this section should
calculate EAEU pursuant to paragraph
(c)(2)(i)(B) of this section. Manufacturers
calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraph
(c)(1)(iii)(C) of this section should
calculate EAEU pursuant to paragraph
(c)(2)(ii)(A) of this section.
Manufacturers calculating EAOC
pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(iii)(D) of
this section should calculate EAEU
pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(B) of this
section.
(2) The estimated annual energy use,
EAEU, expressed in kilowatt-hours per
year must be rounded to the nearest
kilowatt-hour per year and is defined as
follows:
(i) When using appendix C (see the
note at the beginning of appendix C), for
dishwashers having a truncated normal
cycle as defined in section 1.15 of
appendix C to this subpart and when
using appendix C1 (see the note at the
beginning of appendix C), as defined in
section 1.22 of appendix C1 to this
subpart,
(A) EAEU = (M¥(ED/2) + W) × N +
S may be used for units manufactured:
(1) Before April 29, 2013 to make
representations of energy efficiency; and
(2) Before the compliance date of any
amended standards to demonstrate
compliance.
(B) EAEU = (M + MWS + EF¥(ED/2) +
W + WWS) × N + (ETLP) must be used for
units manufactured:
(1) On or after April 29, 2013 to make
representations of energy efficiency; and
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(2) On or after the compliance date of
any amended standards to demonstrate
compliance.
Where,
M, MWS, S, ED, N, EF, and ETLP are defined
in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, and
W and WWS, are defined in paragraph
(c)(1)(ii) of this section.
(C) Manufacturers calculating EAEU
pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i)(A) of this
section should calculate EAOC pursuant
to paragraph (c)(1)(i)(A), (c)(1)(ii)(A), or
(c)(1)(iii)(A) of this section, as
appropriate. Manufacturers calculating
EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i)(B)
of this section should calculate EAOC
pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(i)(B),
(c)(1)(ii)(B), or (c)(1)(iii)(B) of this
section, as appropriate.
(ii) For dishwashers not having a
truncated normal cycle:
(A) EAEU = (M + W) × N + S may be
used for units manufactured:
(1) Before April 29, 2013 to make
representations of energy efficiency; and
(2) Before the compliance date of any
amended standards to demonstrate
compliance.
(B) EAEU = (M + MWS + EF + W +
WWS) × N + ETLP must be used for units
manufactured:
(1) On or after April 29, 2013 to make
representations of energy efficiency; and
(2) On or after the compliance date of
any amended standards to demonstrate
compliance.
Where,
M, MWS, S, N, EF, and ETLP are defined in
paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, and W
and WWS are defined in paragraph
(c)(1)(ii) of this section.
(C) Manufacturers calculating EAEU
pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(A) of
this section should calculate EAOC
pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(i)(C),
(c)(1)(ii)(C), or (c)(1)(iii)(C) of this
section, as appropriate. Manufacturers
calculating EAEU pursuant to paragraph
(c)(2)(ii)(B) of this section should
calculate EAOC pursuant to paragraph
(c)(1)(i)(D), (c)(1)(ii)(D), or (c)(1)(iii)(D)
of this section, as appropriate.
(3) When using appendix C (see the
note at the beginning of appendix C),
the water consumption, V, expressed in
gallons per cycle and defined in section
5.3 of appendix C to this subpart, and
when using appendix C1 (see the note
at the beginning of appendix C1), water
consumption, V, and the sum of the
water consumption, V, and the water
consumption during water softener
regeneration, VWS, expressed in gallons
per cycle and defined in section 5.4 of
appendix C1 to this subpart, must be
rounded to one decimal place.
(i) Water consumption, V, may be
measured for units manufactured:
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65979
(A) Before April 29, 2013 to make
representations of energy efficiency; and
(B) Before the compliance date of any
amended standards to demonstrate
compliance.
(ii) Manufacturers calculating water
consumption pursuant to paragraph
(c)(3)(i) of this section should calculate
EAOC as described in paragraph
(c)(1)(i)(A), (c)(1)(i)(C), (c)(1)(ii)(A),
(c)(1)(ii)(C), (c)(1)(iii)(A), or (c)(1)(iii)(C)
of this section, as appropriate.
Manufacturers calculating water
consumption pursuant to paragraph
(c)(3)(i) of this section should calculate
EAEU as described in paragraph
(c)(2)(i)(A) or (c)(2)(ii)(A) of this section,
as appropriate.
(iii) The sum of the water
consumption, V, and the water
consumption during water softener
regeneration, VWS, must be measured for
units manufactured:
(A) On or after April 29, 2013 to make
representations of energy efficiency; and
(B) On or after the compliance date of
any amended standards to demonstrate
compliance.
(C) Manufacturers calculating water
consumption pursuant to paragraph
(c)(3)(iii) of this section should calculate
EAOC as described in paragraph
(c)(1)(i)(B), (c)(1)(i)(D), (c)(1)(ii)(B),
(c)(1)(ii)(D), (c)(1)(iii)(B), or (c)(1)(iii)(D)
of this section, as appropriate.
Manufacturers calculating water
consumption pursuant to paragraph
(c)(3)(iii) of this section should calculate
EAEU as described in paragraph
(c)(2)(i)(B) or (c)(2)(ii)(B) of this section,
as appropriate.
(4) Other useful measures of energy
consumption for dishwashers are those
which the Secretary determines are
likely to assist consumers in making
purchasing decisions and which are
derived from the application of
appendix C and appendix C1 to this
subpart.
*
*
*
*
*
(i) Kitchen ranges and ovens. (1) The
estimated annual operating cost for
conventional ranges, conventional
cooking tops, and conventional ovens
shall be the sum of the following
products:
(i) The total integrated annual
electrical energy consumption for any
electrical energy usage, in kilowatthours (kWhs) per year, times the
representative average unit cost for
electricity, in dollars per kWh, as
provided pursuant to section 323(b)(2)
of the Act; plus
(ii) The total annual gas energy
consumption for any natural gas usage,
in British thermal units (Btus) per year,
times the representative average unit
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cost for natural gas, in dollars per Btu,
as provided pursuant to section
323(b)(2) of the Act; plus
(iii) The total annual gas energy
consumption for any propane usage, in
Btus per year, times the representative
average unit cost for propane, in dollars
per Btu, as provided pursuant to section
323(b)(2) of the Act. The total annual
energy consumption for conventional
ranges, conventional cooking tops, and
conventional ovens shall be as
determined according to sections 4.3,
4.2.2, and 4.1.2, respectively, of
appendix I to this subpart. For
conventional gas cooking tops, total
integrated annual electrical energy
consumption shall be equal to ECTSO,
defined in section 4.2.2.2.4 of appendix
I to this subpart. The estimated annual
operating cost shall be rounded off to
the nearest dollar per year.
(2) The cooking efficiency for
conventional cooking tops and
conventional ovens shall be the ratio of
the cooking energy output for the test to
the cooking energy input for the test, as
determined according to sections 4.2.1
and 4.1.3, respectively, of appendix I to
this subpart. The final cooking
efficiency values shall be rounded off to
three significant digits.
(3) [Reserved]
(4) The energy factor for conventional
ranges, conventional cooking tops, and
conventional ovens shall be the ratio of
the annual useful cooking energy output
to the total annual energy input, as
determined according to sections 4.3,
4.2.3.1, and 4.1.4.1, respectively, of
appendix I to this subpart. The final
energy factor values shall be rounded off
to three significant digits.
(5) The integrated energy factor for
conventional ranges, conventional
cooking tops, and conventional ovens
shall be the ratio of the annual useful
cooking energy output to the total
integrated annual energy input, as
determined according to sections 4.3,
4.2.3.2, and 4.1.4.2, respectively, of
appendix I to this subpart. The final
integrated energy factor values shall be
rounded off to three significant digits.
(6) There shall be two estimated
annual operating costs, two cooking
efficiencies, and two energy factors for
convertible cooking appliances—
(i) An estimated annual operating
cost, a cooking efficiency, and an energy
factor which represent values for those
three measures of energy consumption
for the operation of the appliance with
natural gas; and
(ii) An estimated annual operating
cost, a cooking efficiency, and an energy
factor which represent values for those
three measures of energy consumption
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for the operation of the appliance with
LP-gas.
(7) There shall be two integrated
energy factors for convertible cooking
appliances—
(i) An integrated energy factor which
represents the value for this measure of
energy consumption for the operation of
the appliance with natural gas; and
(ii) An integrated energy factor which
represents the value for this measure of
energy consumption for the operation of
the appliance with LP-gas.
(8) The estimated annual operating
cost for convertible cooking appliances
which represents natural gas usage, as
described in paragraph (i)(6)(i) of this
section, shall be determined according
to paragraph (i)(1) of this section using
the total annual gas energy consumption
for natural gas times the representative
average unit cost for natural gas.
(9) The estimated annual operating
cost for convertible cooking appliances
which represents LP-gas usage, as
described in paragraph (i)(6)(ii) of this
section, shall be determined according
to paragraph (i)(1) of this section using
the representative average unit cost for
propane times the total annual energy
consumption of the test gas, either
propane or natural gas.
(10) The cooking efficiency for
convertible cooking appliances which
represents natural gas usage, as
described in paragraph (i)(6)(i) of this
section, shall be determined according
to paragraph (i)(2) of this section when
the appliance is tested with natural gas.
(11) The cooking efficiency for
convertible cooking appliances which
represents LP-gas usage, as described in
paragraph (i)(6)(ii) of this section, shall
be determined according to paragraph
(i)(2) of this section, when the appliance
is tested with either natural gas or
propane.
(12) The energy factor for convertible
cooking appliances which represents
natural gas usage, as described in
paragraph (i)(6)(i) of this section, shall
be determined according to paragraph
(i)(4) of this section when the appliance
is tested with natural gas.
(13) The integrated energy factor for
convertible cooking appliances which
represents natural gas usage, as
described in paragraph (i)(7)(i) of this
section, shall be determined according
to paragraph (i)(5) of this section when
the appliance is tested with natural gas.
(14) The energy factor for convertible
cooking appliances which represents
LP-gas usage, as described in paragraph
(i)(6)(ii) of this section, shall be
determined according to paragraph (i)(4)
of this section when the appliance is
tested with either natural gas or
propane.
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(15) The integrated energy factor for
convertible cooking appliances which
represents LP-gas usage, as described in
paragraph (i)(7)(ii) of this section, shall
be determined according to paragraph
(i)(5) of this section when the appliance
is tested with natural gas or propane.
(16) Other useful measures of energy
consumption for conventional ranges,
conventional cooking tops, and
conventional ovens shall be those
measures of energy consumption which
the Secretary determines are likely to
assist consumers in making purchasing
decisions and which are derived from
the application of appendix I to this
subpart.
*
*
*
*
*
(z) Dehumidifiers. (1) When using
appendix X (see the note at the
beginning of appendix X), the energy
factor for dehumidifiers, expressed in
liters per kilowatt hour (L/kWh), shall
be measured in accordance with section
4.1 of appendix X of this subpart.
(2) When using appendix X1 (see the
note at the beginning of appendix X1),
the integrated energy factor for
dehumidifiers, expressed in L/kWh,
shall be determined according to
paragraph 5.2 of appendix X1 to this
subpart.
*
*
*
*
*
■ 9. Appendix C to subpart B of part 430
is amended by:
■ a. Revising the introductory text;
■ b. Revising sections 1.2, 1.9, 1.10,
1.11, and 1.13;
■ c. Revising section 2.6.2, 2.6.3.1,
2.6.3.2, 2.6.3.3, 2.7, and 2.8; and
■ d. Revising sections 5.4.1, 5.4.2; 5.5.1,
and 5.5.2.
The additions and revisions read as
follows:
Appendix C to Subpart B of Part 430—
Uniform Test Method for Measuring the
Energy Consumption of Dishwashers
Note: Prior to the compliance date for any
amended energy conservation standards that
incorporate standby mode and off mode
energy consumption (May 30, 2013 unless
the direct final rule published on May 30,
2012 is withdrawn), manufacturers may use
either Appendix C or Appendix C1 to certify
compliance with existing DOE energy
conservation standards and to make any
representations related to energy and/or
water consumption of dishwashers, with the
following exception. If the compliance date
is after April 29, 2013, manufacturers that
make representations related to standby
mode and off mode energy consumption
must use Appendix C1 for any
representations made after April 29, 2013 of
the energy and/or water consumption of
these products, consistent with the
requirements of 42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2).
After the compliance date for any amended
energy conservation standards that
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incorporate standby mode and off mode
energy consumption (May 30, 2013 unless
the direct final rule published on May 30,
2012 is withdrawn), all dishwashers shall be
tested using the provisions of Appendix C1
to certify compliance with amended energy
conservation standards and to make any
representations related to energy and/or
water consumption, with the following
exception. If the compliance date is before
April 29, 2013, manufacturers may use
Appendix C for any representations until
April 29, 2013 of energy and/or water
consumption of these products, consistent
with the requirements of 42 U.S.C.
6293(c)(2).
*
*
*
*
*
1.2 Compact dishwasher means a
dishwasher that has a capacity of less than
eight place settings plus six serving pieces as
specified in ANSI/AHAM DW–1–1992
(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3), using
the test load specified in section 2.7.1 of this
appendix.
*
*
*
*
*
1.9 Sensor heavy response means, for
standard dishwashers, the set of operations
in a soil-sensing dishwasher for completely
washing a load of dishes, four place settings
of which are soiled according to ANSI/
AHAM DW–1–1992 (incorporated by
reference; see § 430.3) and as additionally
specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix.
For compact dishwashers, this definition is
the same, except that two soiled place
settings are used instead of four.
1.10 Sensor light response means, for
both standard and compact dishwashers, the
set of operations in a soil-sensing dishwasher
for completely washing a load of dishes, one
place setting of which is soiled with half of
the gram weight of soils for each item
specified in a single place setting according
to ANSI/AHAM DW–1–1992 (incorporated
by reference; see § 430.3) and as additionally
specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix.
1.11 Sensor medium response means, for
standard dishwashers, the set of operations
in a soil-sensing dishwasher for completely
washing a load of dishes, two place settings
of which are soiled according to ANSI/
AHAM DW–1–1992 (incorporated by
reference; see § 430.3) and as additionally
specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix.
For compact dishwashers, this definition is
the same, except that one soiled place setting
is used.
*
*
*
*
*
1.13 Standard dishwasher means a
dishwasher that has a capacity equal to or
greater than eight place settings plus six
serving pieces as specified in ANSI/AHAM
DW–1–1992 (incorporated by reference; see
§ 430.3), using the test load specified in
section 2.7.1 of this appendix.
*
*
*
*
*
2. Testing Conditions
*
*
*
*
*
2.6.2 Non-soil-sensing dishwashers to be
tested at a nominal inlet temperature of 50
°F or 120 °F. These units must be tested on
the normal cycle with a clean load of eight
place settings plus six serving pieces, as
specified in section 2.7.1 of this appendix. If
the capacity of the dishwasher, as stated by
the manufacturer, is less than eight place
settings, then the test load must be the stated
capacity.
*
*
*
*
*
2.6.3.1 For tests of the sensor heavy
response, as defined in section 1.9 of this
appendix:
(A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit
is to be loaded with a total of eight place
settings plus six serving pieces as specified
in section 2.7.1 of this appendix. Four of the
eight place settings must be soiled according
to ANSI/AHAM DW–1–1992 (incorporated
by reference, see § 430.3) and as additionally
specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix,
while the remaining place settings, serving
pieces, and all flatware are not soiled.
(B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit
is to be loaded with four place settings plus
six serving pieces as specified in section
2.7.1 of this appendix. Two of the four place
settings must be soiled according to ANSI/
AHAM DW–1–1992 and as additionally
specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix,
while the remaining place settings, serving
pieces, and all flatware are not soiled.
65981
2.6.3.2 For tests of the sensor medium
response, as defined in section 1.11 of this
appendix:
(A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit
is to be loaded with a total of eight place
settings plus six serving pieces as specified
in section 2.7.1 of this appendix. Two of the
eight place settings must be soiled according
to ANSI/AHAM DW–1–1992 (incorporated
by reference, see § 430.3) and as additionally
specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix,
while the remaining place settings, serving
pieces, and all flatware are not soiled.
(B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit
is to be loaded with four place settings plus
six serving pieces as specified in section
2.7.1 of this appendix. One of the four place
settings must be soiled according to ANSI/
AHAM DW–1–1992 and as additionally
specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix,
while the remaining place settings, serving
pieces, and all flatware are not soiled.
2.6.3.3 For tests of the sensor light
response, as defined in section 1.10 of this
appendix:
(A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit
is to be loaded with a total of eight place
settings plus six serving pieces as specified
in section 2.7.1 of this appendix. One of the
eight place settings must be soiled with half
of the soil load specified for a single place
setting according to ANSI/AHAM DW–1–
1992 (incorporated by reference, see § 430.3)
and as additionally specified in section 2.7.2
of this appendix, while the remaining place
settings, serving pieces, and all flatware are
not soiled.
(B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit
is to be loaded with four place settings plus
six serving pieces as specified in section
2.7.1 of this appendix. One of the four place
settings must be soiled with half of the soil
load specified for a single place setting
according to ANSI/AHAM DW–1–1992 and
as additionally specified in section 2.7.2 of
this appendix, while the remaining place
settings, serving pieces, and all flatware are
not soiled.
2.7 Test load.
2.7.1 Test load items.
Dishware/glassware/
flatware item
Primary source
Description
Primary No.
Alternate source
Dinner Plate .................
Corning Comcor®/
Corelle®.
Corning Comcor®/
Corelle®.
Corning Comcor®/
Corelle®.
Corning Comcor®/
Corelle®.
Corning Comcor®/
Corelle®.
Corning Comcor®/
Corelle®.
Corning Comcor®/
Corelle®.
Libbey .........................
Oneida®—Accent .......
Oneida®—Accent .......
Oneida®—Accent .......
Oneida®—Accent .......
Oneida®—Flight ..........
10 inch Dinner Plate ...
6003893 ...........
.....................................
6.75 inch Bread & Butter.
10 oz. Dessert Bowl ...
6003887 ...........
Arzberg .......................
6003899 ...........
Arzberg .......................
8500217100 or 2000–
00001–0217–1
3820513100
8 oz. Ceramic Cup .....
6014162 ...........
Arzberg .......................
1382–00001–4732
6 inch Saucer .............
6010972 ...........
Arzberg .......................
1382–00001–4731
1 qt. Serving Bowl ......
6003911 ...........
.....................................
9.5 inch Oval Platter ...
6011655 ...........
.....................................
.....................................
.....................................
.....................................
.....................................
.....................................
.....................................
551 HT ..............
2619KPVF ........
2619FRSF ........
2619FSLF .........
2619STSF ........
2865FCM ..........
.....................................
WMF—Gastro 0800 ....
WMF—Signum 1900 ..
WMF—Signum 1900 ..
WMF—Signum 1900 ..
WMF—Signum 1900 ..
Bread and Butter Plate
Fruit Bowl .....................
Cup ..............................
Saucer .........................
Serving Bowl ................
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Platter ..........................
Glass—Iced Tea ..........
Flatware—Knife ...........
Flatware—Dinner Fork
Flatware—Salad Fork ..
Flatware—Teaspoon ...
Flatware—Serving Fork
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Dishware/glassware/
flatware item
Description
Primary No.
Alternate source
Oneida®—Accent .......
Flatware—Serving
Spoon.
Primary source
.....................................
2619STBF ........
WMF—Signum 1900 ..
2.7.2 Soils. The soils shall be as specified
in ANSI/AHAM DW–1–1992 (incorporated
by reference, see § 430.3), except for the
following substitutions.
2.7.2.1 Margarine. The margarine shall be
Fleischmann’s Original stick margarine.
2.7.2.2 Coffee. The coffee shall be Folgers
Classic Decaf.
2.8 Detergent. Use half the quantity of
detergent specified according to ANSI/
AHAM DW–1–1992 (incorporated by
reference, see § 430.3), using Cascade with
the Grease Fighting Power of Dawn powder
as the detergent formulation.
*
*
*
*
*
5. Calculation of Derived Results From Test
Measurements
srobinson on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with
*
*
*
*
*
5.4 * * *
5.4.1 Dishwashers that operate with a
nominal 140 °F inlet water temperature, only.
Calculate the water energy consumption, W,
expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and
defined as:
W=V×T×K
where,
V = water consumption in gallons per cycle,
as determined in section 5.3.1 of this
appendix for non-soil-sensing
dishwashers and section 5.3.2 of this
appendix for soil-sensing dishwashers,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise =
90 °F, and
K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours
per gallon per degree Fahrenheit =
0.0024.
5.4.2 Dishwashers that operate with a
nominal inlet water temperature of 120 °F.
Calculate the water energy consumption, W,
expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and
defined as:
W=V×T×K
where,
V = water consumption in gallons per cycle,
as determined in section 5.3.1 of this
appendix for non-soil-sensing
dishwashers and section 5.3.2 of this
appendix for soil-sensing dishwashers,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise =
70 °F, and
K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours
per gallon per degree Fahrenheit =
0.0024,
5.5 * * *
5.5.1 Dishwashers that operate with a
nominal 140 °F inlet water temperature, only.
Calculate the water energy consumption
using gas-heated or oil-heated water, Wg,
expressed in Btu’s per cycle and defined as:
Wg = V × T × C/e
where,
V = water consumption in gallons per cycle,
as determined in section 5.3.1 of this
appendix for non-soil-sensing
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dishwashers and section 5.3.2 of this
appendix for soil-sensing dishwashers,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise =
90 °F,
C = specific heat of water in Btu’s per gallon
per degree Fahrenheit = 8.2, and
e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery
efficiency = 0.75,
5.5.2 Dishwashers that operate with a
nominal inlet water temperature of 120 °F.
Calculate the water energy consumption
using gas-heated or oil-heated water, Wg,
expressed in Btu’s per cycle and defined as:
Wg = V × T × C/e
where,
V = water consumption in gallons per cycle,
as determined in section 5.3.1 of this
appendix for non-soil-sensing
dishwashers and section 5.3.2 of this
appendix for soil-sensing dishwashers,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise =
70 °F,
C = specific heat of water in Btu’s per gallon
per degree Fahrenheit = 8.2, and
e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery
efficiency = 0.75.
*
*
*
*
*
10. Add Appendix C1 to subpart B of
part 430 to read as follows:
■
Appendix C1 to Subpart B of Part 430—
Uniform Test Method for Measuring the
Energy Consumption of Dishwashers
Note: Prior to the compliance date for any
amended energy conservation standards that
incorporate standby mode and off mode
energy consumption (May 30, 2013 unless
the direct final rule published on May 30,
2012 is withdrawn), manufacturers may use
either Appendix C or Appendix C1 to certify
compliance with existing DOE energy
conservation standards and to make any
representations related to energy and/or
water consumption of dishwashers, with the
following exception. If the compliance date
is after April 29, 2013, manufacturers that
make representations related to standby
mode and off mode energy consumption
must use Appendix C1 for any
representations made after April 29, 2013 of
the energy and/or water consumption of
these products, consistent with the
requirements of 42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2).
After the compliance date for any amended
energy conservation standards that
incorporate standby mode and off mode
energy consumption (May 30, 2013 unless
the direct final rule published on May 30,
2012 is withdrawn), all dishwashers shall be
tested using the provisions of Appendix C1
to certify compliance with amended energy
conservation standards and to make any
representations related to energy and/or
water consumption, with the following
exception. If the compliance date is before
April 29, 2013, manufacturers may use
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Appendix C for any representations until
April 29, 2013 of energy and/or water
consumption of these products, consistent
with the requirements of 42 U.S.C.
6293(c)(2).
1. Definitions
1.1 Active mode means a mode in which
the dishwasher is connected to a mains
power source, has been activated, and is
performing one of the main functions of
washing, rinsing, or drying (when a drying
process is included) dishware, glassware,
eating utensils, and most cooking utensils by
chemical, mechanical, and/or electrical
means, or is involved in functions necessary
for these main functions, such as admitting
water into the dishwasher, pumping water
out of the dishwasher, circulating air, or
regenerating an internal water softener.
1.2 AHAM means the Association of
Home Appliance Manufacturers.
1.3 Combined low-power mode means the
aggregate of available modes other than
active mode.
1.4 Compact dishwasher means a
dishwasher that has a capacity of less than
eight place settings plus six serving pieces as
specified in ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010
(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3), using
the test load specified in section 2.7 of this
appendix.
1.5 Cycle means a sequence of operations
of a dishwasher which performs a complete
dishwashing function, and may include
variations or combinations of washing,
rinsing, and drying.
1.6 Cycle finished mode means a standby
mode which provides continuous status
display following operation in active mode.
1.7 Cycle type means any complete
sequence of operations capable of being
preset on the dishwasher prior to the
initiation of machine operation.
1.8 Fan-only mode means an active mode
that is not user-selectable, and in which a fan
circulates air for a finite period of time after
the end of the cycle, where the end of the
cycle is indicated to the consumer by means
of a display, indicator light, or audible signal.
1.9 IEC 62301 means the standard
published by the International
Electrotechnical Commission, titled
‘‘Household electrical appliancesMeasurement of standby power,’’ Publication
62301 (Edition 2.0, 2011–01) (incorporated
by reference; see § 430.3).
1.10 Inactive mode means a standby
mode that facilitates the activation of active
mode by remote switch (including remote
control), internal sensor, or timer, or that
provides continuous status display.
1.11 Non-soil-sensing dishwasher means
a dishwasher that does not have the ability
to adjust automatically any energy
consuming aspect of the normal cycle based
on the soil load of the dishes.
1.12 Normal cycle means the cycle type,
including washing and drying temperature
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options, recommended in the manufacturer’s
instructions for daily, regular, or typical use
to completely wash a full load of normally
soiled dishes including the power-dry
feature. If no cycle or more than one cycle
is recommended in the manufacturer’s
instructions for daily, regular, or typical use
to completely wash a full load of normally
soiled dishes, the most energy intensive of
these cycles shall be considered the normal
cycle. In the absence of a manufacturer
recommendation on washing and drying
temperature options, the highest energy
consumption options must be selected.
1.13 Off mode means a mode in which
the dishwasher is connected to a mains
power source and is not providing any active
mode or standby mode function, and where
the mode may persist for an indefinite time.
An indicator that only shows the user that
the product is in the off position is included
within the classification of an off mode.
1.14 Power-dry feature means the
introduction of electrically-generated heat
into the washing chamber for the purpose of
improving the drying performance of the
dishwasher.
1.15 Preconditioning cycle means a
normal cycle run with no test load to ensure
that the water lines and sump area of the
pump are primed.
1.16 Sensor heavy response means, for
standard dishwashers, the set of operations
in a soil-sensing dishwasher for completely
washing a load of dishes, four place settings
of which are soiled according to ANSI/
AHAM DW–1–2010 (incorporated by
reference; see § 430.3) and as additionally
specified in section 2.7 of this appendix. For
compact dishwashers, this definition is the
same, except that two soiled place settings
are used instead of four.
1.17 Sensor light response means, for
both standard and compact dishwashers, the
set of operations in a soil-sensing dishwasher
for completely washing a load of dishes, one
place setting of which is soiled with half of
the gram weight of soils for each item
specified in a single place setting according
to ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010 (incorporated
by reference; see § 430.3) and as additionally
specified in section 2.7 of this appendix.
1.18 Sensor medium response means, for
standard dishwashers, the set of operations
in a soil-sensing dishwasher for completely
washing a load of dishes, two place settings
of which are soiled according to ANSI/
AHAM DW–1–2010 (incorporated by
reference; see § 430.3) and as additionally
specified in section 2.7 of this appendix. For
compact dishwashers, this definition is the
same, except that one soiled place setting is
used instead of two.
1.19 Soil-sensing dishwasher means a
dishwasher that has the ability to adjust any
energy-consuming aspect of the normal cycle
based on the soil load of the dishes.
1.20 Standard dishwasher means a
dishwasher that has a capacity equal to or
greater than eight place settings plus six
serving pieces as specified in ANSI/AHAM
DW–1–2010 (incorporated by reference; see
§ 430.3), using the test load specified in
section 2.7 of this appendix.
1.21 Standby mode means a mode in
which the dishwasher is connected to a
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mains power source and offers one or more
of the following user-oriented or protective
functions which may persist for an indefinite
time: (a) To facilitate the activation of other
modes (including activation or deactivation
of active mode) by remote switch (including
remote control), internal sensor, or timer; (b)
continuous functions, including information
or status displays (including clocks) or
sensor-based functions. A timer is a
continuous clock function (which may or
may not be associated with a display) that
provides regular scheduled tasks (e.g.,
switching) and that operates on a continuous
basis.
1.22 Truncated normal cycle means the
normal cycle interrupted to eliminate the
power-dry feature after the termination of the
last rinse operation.
1.23 Truncated sensor heavy response
means the sensor heavy response interrupted
to eliminate the power-dry feature after the
termination of the last rinse operation.
1.24 Truncated sensor light response
means the sensor light response interrupted
to eliminate the power-dry feature after the
termination of the last rinse operation.
1.25 Truncated sensor medium response
means the sensor medium response
interrupted to eliminate the power-dry
feature after the termination of the last rinse
operation.
1.26 Water-heating dishwasher means a
dishwasher which, as recommended by the
manufacturer, is designed for heating cold
inlet water (nominal 50 °F) or designed for
heating water with a nominal inlet
temperature of 120 °F. Any dishwasher
designated as water-heating (50 °F or 120 °F
inlet water) must provide internal water
heating to above 120 °F in a least one wash
phase of the normal cycle.
1.27 Water-softening dishwasher means a
dishwasher which incorporates a water
softening system that periodically consumes
additional water and energy during the cycle
to regenerate.
2. Testing Conditions
2.1 Installation requirements. Install the
dishwasher according to the manufacturer’s
instructions, including drain height. If the
manufacture does not provide instructions
for a specific drain height, the drain height
shall be 20 inches. The racks shall be
positioned according to the manufacturer
recommendation for washing a full load of
normally soiled dishes, or in the absence of
a recommendation, the racks shall be
maintained in the as-shipped position. The
rinse aid container shall remain empty. A
standard or compact under-counter or undersink dishwasher must be tested in a
rectangular enclosure constructed of nominal
0.374 inch (9.5 mm) plywood painted black.
The enclosure must consist of a top, a
bottom, a back, and two sides. If the
dishwasher includes a counter top as part of
the appliance, omit the top of the enclosure.
Bring the enclosure into the closest contact
with the appliance that the configuration of
the dishwasher will allow. For standby mode
and off mode testing, these products shall
also be installed in accordance with Section
5, Paragraph 5.2 of IEC 62301 (incorporated
by reference; see § 430.3), disregarding the
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provisions regarding batteries and the
determination, classification, and testing of
relevant modes.
2.2 Electrical energy supply.
2.2.1 Dishwashers that operate with an
electrical supply of 115 volts. Maintain the
electrical supply to the dishwasher at 115
volts ±2 percent and within 1 percent of the
nameplate frequency as specified by the
manufacturer. Maintain a continuous
electrical supply to the unit throughout
testing, including the preconditioning cycles,
specified in section 2.9 of this appendix, and
in between all test cycles.
2.2.2 Dishwashers that operate with an
electrical supply of 240 volts. Maintain the
electrical supply to the dishwasher at 240
volts ±2 percent and within 1 percent of the
nameplate frequency as specified by the
manufacturer. Maintain a continuous
electrical supply to the unit throughout
testing, including the preconditioning cycles,
specified in section 2.9 of this appendix, and
in between all test cycles.
2.2.3 Supply voltage waveform. For the
standby mode and off mode testing, maintain
the electrical supply voltage waveform
indicated in Section 4, Paragraph 4.3.2 of IEC
62301 (incorporated by reference; see
§ 430.3).
2.3 Water temperature. Measure the
temperature of the water supplied to the
dishwasher using a temperature measuring
device as specified in section 3.1 of this
appendix.
2.3.1 Dishwashers to be tested at a
nominal 140 °F inlet water temperature.
Maintain the water supply temperature at
140° ± 2 °F.
2.3.2 Dishwashers to be tested at a
nominal 120 °F inlet water temperature.
Maintain the water supply temperature at
120° ± 2 °F.
2.3.3 Dishwashers to be tested at a
nominal 50 °F inlet water temperature.
Maintain the water supply temperature at 50°
± 2 °F.
2.4 Water pressure. Using a water
pressure gauge as specified in section 3.4 of
this appendix, maintain the pressure of the
water supply at 35 ± 2.5 pounds per square
inch gauge (psig) when the water is flowing.
The pressure shall be achieved within 2
seconds of opening the water supply valve.
2.5 Ambient temperature.
2.5.1 Active mode ambient and machine
temperature. Using a temperature measuring
device as specified in section 3.1 of this
appendix, maintain the room ambient air
temperature at 75° ± 5 °F and ensure that the
dishwasher and the test load are at room
ambient temperature at the start of each test
cycle.
2.5.2 Standby mode and off mode
ambient temperature. For standby mode and
off mode testing, maintain room ambient air
temperature conditions as specified in
Section 4, Paragraph 4.2 of IEC 62301
(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3).
2.6 Test cycle and load.
2.6.1 Non-soil-sensing dishwashers to be
tested at a nominal inlet temperature of 140
°F. All non-soil-sensing dishwashers to be
tested according to section 4.1 of this
appendix at a nominal inlet temperature of
140 °F must be tested on the normal cycle
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and truncated normal cycle without a test
load if the dishwasher does not heat water in
the normal cycle.
2.6.2 Non-soil-sensing dishwashers to be
tested at a nominal inlet temperature of 50
°F or 120 °F. All non-soil-sensing
dishwashers to be tested according to section
4.1 of this appendix at a nominal inlet
temperature of 50 °F or 120 °F must be tested
on the normal cycle with a clean load of eight
place settings plus six serving pieces, as
specified in section 2.7 of this appendix. If
the capacity of the dishwasher, as stated by
the manufacturer, is less than eight place
settings, then the test load must be the stated
capacity.
2.6.3 Soil-sensing dishwashers to be
tested at a nominal inlet temperature of 50
°F, 120 °F, or 140 °F. All soil-sensing
dishwashers shall be tested according to
section 4.1 of this appendix on the normal
cycle. The dishwasher shall be tested first for
the sensor heavy response, then tested for the
sensor medium response, and finally for the
sensor light response with the following
combinations of soiled and clean test loads.
2.6.3.1 For tests of the sensor heavy
response, as defined in section 1.16 of this
appendix:
(A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit
is to be loaded with a total of eight place
settings plus six serving pieces as specified
in section 2.7 of this appendix. Four of the
eight place settings, except for the flatware,
must be soiled according to sections 5.3
through 5.7 of ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.3) and
as additionally specified in sections 2.7.4 and
2.7.5 of this appendix, while the remaining
place settings, serving pieces, and all flatware
are not soiled. The test load is to be loaded
in the dishwasher according to section 5.8 of
ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010.
(B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit
is to be loaded with four place settings plus
six serving pieces as specified in section 2.7
of this appendix. Two of the four place
settings, except for the flatware, must be
soiled according to sections 5.3 through 5.7
of ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010 and as
additionally specified in sections 2.7.4 and
2.7.5 of this appendix, while the remaining
place settings, serving pieces, and all flatware
are not soiled. The test load is to be loaded
in the dishwasher according to section 5.8 of
ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010.
2.6.3.2 For tests of the sensor medium
response, as defined in section 1.18 of this
appendix:
(A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit
is to be loaded with a total of eight place
settings plus six serving pieces as specified
in section 2.7 of this appendix. Two of the
eight place settings, except for the flatware,
must be soiled according to sections 5.3
through 5.7 of ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.3) and
as additionally specified in sections 2.7.4 and
2.7.5 of this appendix, while the remaining
place settings, serving pieces, and all flatware
are not soiled. The test load is to be loaded
in the dishwasher according to section 5.8 of
ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010.
(B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit
is to be loaded with four place settings plus
six serving pieces as specified in section 2.7
of this appendix. One of the four place
settings, except for the flatware, must be
soiled according to sections 5.3 through 5.7
of ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010 and as
additionally specified in sections 2.7.4 and
2.7.5 of this appendix, while the remaining
place settings, serving pieces, and all flatware
are not soiled. The test load is to be loaded
in the dishwasher according to section 5.8 of
ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010.
2.6.3.3 For tests of the sensor light
response, as defined in section 1.17 of this
appendix:
(A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit
is to be loaded with a total of eight place
settings plus six serving pieces as specified
in section 2.7 of this appendix. One of the
eight place settings, except for the flatware,
must be soiled with half of the soil load
specified for a single place setting according
to sections 5.3 through 5.7 of ANSI/AHAM
DW–1–2010 (incorporated by reference, see
§ 430.3) and as additionally specified in
sections 2.7.4 and 2.7.5 of this appendix,
while the remaining place settings, serving
pieces, and all flatware are not soiled. The
test load is to be loaded in the dishwasher
according to section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM
DW–1–2010.
(B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit
is to be loaded with four place settings plus
six serving pieces as specified in section 2.7
of this appendix. One of the four place
settings, except for the flatware, must be
soiled with half of the soil load specified for
a single place setting according to sections
5.3 through 5.7 of ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010
and as additionally specified in sections 2.7.4
and 2.7.5 of this appendix, while the
remaining place settings, serving pieces, and
all flatware are not soiled. The test load is to
be loaded in the dishwasher according to
section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010.
2.7 Test load.
2.7.1 Test load items.
Dishware/glassware/
flatware item
Primary source
Description
Primary No.
Alternate source
Dinner Plate .................
Corning Comcor®/
Corelle®.
Corning Comcor®/
Corelle®.
Corning Comcor®/
Corelle®.
Corning Comcor®/
Corelle®.
Corning Comcor®/
Corelle®.
Corning Comcor®/
Corelle®.
Corning Comcor®/
Corelle®.
Libbey .........................
Oneida®—Accent .......
Oneida®—Accent .......
Oneida®—Accent .......
Oneida®—Accent .......
Oneida®—Flight ..........
Oneida®—Accent .......
10 inch Dinner Plate ...
6003893 ...........
.....................................
6.75 inch Bread & Butter.
10 oz. Dessert Bowl ...
6003887 ...........
Arzberg .......................
6003899 ...........
Arzberg .......................
8500217100 or 2000–
00001–0217–1
3820513100
8 oz. Ceramic Cup .....
6014162 ...........
Arzberg .......................
1382–00001–4732
6 inch Saucer .............
6010972 ...........
Arzberg .......................
1382–00001–4731
1 qt. Serving Bowl ......
6003911 ...........
.....................................
9.5 inch Oval Platter ...
6011655 ...........
.....................................
.....................................
.....................................
.....................................
.....................................
.....................................
.....................................
.....................................
551 HT ..............
2619KPVF ........
2619FRSF ........
2619FSLF .........
2619STSF ........
2865FCM ..........
2619STBF ........
.....................................
WMF—Gastro 0800 ....
WMF—Signum 1900 ..
WMF—Signum 1900 ..
WMF—Signum 1900 ..
WMF—Signum 1900 ..
WMF—Signum 1900 ..
Bread and Butter Plate
Fruit Bowl .....................
Cup ..............................
Saucer .........................
Serving Bowl ................
Platter ..........................
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Glass—Iced Tea ..........
Flatware—Knife ...........
Flatware—Dinner Fork
Flatware—Salad Fork ..
Flatware—Teaspoon ...
Flatware—Serving Fork
Flatware—Serving
Spoon.
2.7.2 Place setting. A place setting shall
consist of one cup, one saucer, one dinner
plate, one bread and butter plate, one fruit
bowl, one iced tea glass, one dinner fork, one
salad fork, one knife, and two teaspoons.
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2.7.3 Serving pieces. Serving pieces shall
consist of two serving bowls, one platter, one
serving fork, and two serving spoons.
2.7.4 Soils. The soils shall be as specified
in section 5.4 of ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.3),
except for the following substitutions.
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2.7.4.1 Margarine. The margarine shall be
Fleischmann’s Original stick margarine.
2.7.4.2 Coffee. The coffee shall be Folgers
Classic Decaf.
2.7.5 Soil Preparation. Soils shall be
prepared according to section 5.5 of ANSI/
AHAM DW–1–2010 (incorporated by
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reference, see § 430.3), with the following
additional specifications.
2.7.5.1 Milk. The nonfat dry milk shall be
reconstituted before mixing with the oatmeal
and potatoes. It shall be reconstituted with
water by mixing 2⁄3 cup of nonfat dry milk
with 2 cups of water until well mixed. The
reconstituted milk may be stored for use over
the course of 1 day.
2.7.5.2 Instant mashed potatoes. The
potato mixture shall be applied within 30
minutes of preparation.
2.7.5.3 Ground beef. The 1-pound
packages of ground beef shall be stored
frozen for no more than 6 months.
2.8 Testing requirements. Provisions in
this appendix pertaining to dishwashers that
operate with a nominal inlet temperature of
50 °F or 120 °F apply only to water-heating
dishwashers as defined in section 1.26 of this
appendix.
2.9 Preconditioning requirements.
Precondition the dishwasher twice by
establishing the testing conditions set forth in
sections 2.1 through 2.5 of this appendix. For
each preconditioning, set the dishwasher to
the preconditioning cycle as defined in
section 1.15 of this appendix, without using
a test load, and initiate the cycle. During the
second preconditioning, measure the
prewash fill water volume, Vpw, if any, and
the main wash fill water volume, Vmw.
2.10 Detergent. Use half the quantity of
detergent specified according to section 4.1
of ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010 (incorporated
by reference, see § 430.3), using Cascade with
the Grease Fighting Power of Dawn powder
as the detergent formulation. Determine the
amount of detergent (in grams) to be added
to the prewash compartment (if provided) or
elsewhere in the dishwasher (if
recommended by the manufacturer) and the
main wash compartment according to
sections 2.10.1 and 2.10.2 of this appendix.
2.10.1 Prewash Detergent Dosing. If the
cycle setting for the test cycle includes
prewash, determine the quantity of dry
prewash detergent, Dpw, in grams (g) that
results in 0.25 percent concentration by mass
in the prewash fill water as:
Dpw = Vpw × r × k × 0.25/100
where,
Vpw = the prewash fill volume of water in
gallons,
r = water density = 8.343 pounds (lb)/gallon
for dishwashers to be tested at a nominal
inlet water temperature of 50 °F (10 °C),
8.250 lb/gallon for dishwashers to be
tested at a nominal inlet water
temperature of 120 °F (49 °C), and 8.205
lb/gallon for dishwashers to be tested at
a nominal inlet water temperature of 140
°F (60 °C), and
k = conversion factor from lb to g = 453.6 g/
lb.
2.10.2 Main Wash Detergent Dosing.
Determine the quantity of dry main wash
detergent, Dmw, in grams (g) that results in
0.25 percent concentration by mass in the
main wash fill water as:
Dmw = Vmw × r × k × 0.25/100
where,
Vmw = the main wash fill volume of water in
gallons, and
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r, and k are defined in section 2.10.1 of this
appendix.
3. Instrumentation
Test instruments must be calibrated
annually.
3.1 Temperature measuring device. The
device must have an error no greater than
± 1 °F over the range being measured.
3.2 Timer. Time measurements for each
monitoring period shall be accurate to within
2 seconds.
3.3 Water meter. The water meter must
have a resolution of no larger than 0.1 gallons
and a maximum error no greater than ± 1.5
percent of the measured flow rate for all
water temperatures encountered in the test
cycle.
3.4 Water pressure gauge. The water
pressure gauge must have a resolution of one
pound per square inch (psi) and must have
an error no greater than 5 percent of any
measured value over the range of 35 ± 2.5
psig.
3.5 Watt-hour meter. The watt-hour meter
must have a resolution of .1 watt-hour or less
and a maximum error of no more than 1
percent of the measured value for any
demand greater than 5 watts.
3.6 Standby mode and off mode watt
meter. The watt meter used to measure
standby mode and off mode power
consumption shall meet the requirements
specified in Section 4, Paragraph 4.4 of IEC
62301 (incorporated by reference, see
§ 430.3).
4. Test Cycle and Measurements
4.1 Active mode cycle. Perform a test
cycle by establishing the testing conditions
set forth in section 2 of this appendix, setting
the dishwasher to the cycle type to be tested
according to section 2.6.1, 2.6.2, or 2.6.3 of
this appendix, initiating the cycle, and
allowing the cycle to proceed to completion.
4.1.1 Machine electrical energy
consumption. Measure the machine electrical
energy consumption, M, expressed as the
number of kilowatt-hours of electricity
consumed by the machine during the entire
test cycle, using a water supply temperature
as set forth in section 2.3 of this appendix
and using a watt-hour meter as specified in
section 3.5 of this appendix.
4.1.2 Fan electrical energy consumption.
If the dishwasher is capable of operation in
fan-only mode, measure the fan electrical
energy consumption, MF, expressed as the
number of kilowatt-hours of electricity
consumed by the machine for the duration of
fan-only mode, using a watt-hour meter as
specified in section 3.5 of this appendix.
Alternatively, if the duration of fan-only
mode is known, the watt-hours consumed
may be measured for a period of 10 minutes
in fan-only mode, using a watt-hour meter as
specified in section 3.5 of this appendix.
Multiply this value by the time in minutes
that the dishwasher remains in fan-only
mode, LF, and divide by 10,000 to obtain MF.
The alternative approach may be used only
if the resulting MF is representative of energy
use during the entire fan-only mode.
4.1.3 Water consumption. Measure the
water consumption, V, expressed as the
number of gallons of water delivered to the
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machine during the entire test cycle, using a
water meter specified in section 3.3 of this
appendix.
4.2 Standby mode and off mode power.
Connect the dishwasher to a standby mode
and off mode watt meter as specified in
section 3.6 of this appendix. Establish the
testing conditions set forth in sections 2.1,
2.2, and 2.5.2 of this appendix. For
dishwashers that take some time to enter a
stable state from a higher power state as
discussed in Section 5, Paragraph 5.1, note 1
of IEC 62301 (incorporated by reference; see
§ 430.3), allow sufficient time for the
dishwasher to reach the lower power state
before proceeding with the test measurement.
Follow the test procedure specified in
Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC 62301 for
testing in each possible mode as described in
sections 4.2.1 and 4.2.2 of this appendix.
4.2.1 If the dishwasher has an inactive
mode, as defined in section 1.10 of this
appendix, measure and record the average
inactive mode power of the dishwasher, PIA,
in watts.
4.2.2 If the dishwasher has an off mode,
as defined in section 1.13 of this appendix,
measure and record the average off mode
power, POM, in watts.
5. Calculation of Derived Results From Test
Measurements
5.1 Machine energy consumption.
5.1.1 Machine energy consumption for
non-soil-sensing electric dishwashers. Take
the value recorded in section 4.1.1 of this
appendix as the per-cycle machine electrical
energy consumption. Express the value, M, in
kilowatt-hours per cycle.
5.1.2 Machine energy consumption for
soil-sensing electric dishwashers. The
machine energy consumption for the sensor
normal cycle, M, is defined as:
M = (Mhr × Fhr) + (Mmr × Fmr) + (Mlr × Flr)
where,
Mhr = the value recorded in section 4.1.1 of
this appendix for the test of the sensor
heavy response, expressed in kilowatthours per cycle,
Mmr = the value recorded in section 4.1.1 of
this appendix for the test of the sensor
medium response, expressed in kilowatthours per cycle,
Mlr = the value recorded in section 4.1.1 of
this appendix for the test of the sensor
light response, expressed in kilowatthours per cycle,
Fhr = the weighting factor based on consumer
use of heavy response = 0.05,
Fmr = the weighting factor based on consumer
use of medium response = 0.33, and
Flr = the weighting factor based on consumer
use of light response = 0.62.
5.1.3 Machine energy consumption
during water softener regeneration for watersoftening dishwashers. The machine energy
consumption for water softener regeneration,
MWS, is defined as:
MWS = MWScycle × NWS/N
where,
MWScycle = the reported value of the
additional machine electrical energy
consumption required for water softener
regeneration during a cycle including
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water softener regeneration, expressed in
kilowatt-hours,
NWS = the reported representative average
number of water softener regeneration
cycles per year, and
N = the representative average dishwasher
use of 215 cycles per year.
5.2 Fan-only mode energy consumption.
5.2.1 Electrical energy consumption for
fan-only mode for non-soil-sensing electric
dishwashers. Take the value recorded in
section 4.1.2 of this appendix as the per-cycle
electrical energy consumption for fan-only
mode. Express the value, EF, in kilowatthours per cycle. If the dishwasher is not
capable of operation in fan-only mode, EF =
0.
5.2.2 Electrical energy consumption for
fan-only mode for soil-sensing electric
dishwashers. The fan-only mode electrical
energy consumption, EF, for the sensor
normal cycle is defined as:
EF = (EFhr + EFmr + EFlr)/3
where,
EFhr = the value recorded in section 4.1.2 of
this appendix for the test of the sensor
heavy response, expressed in kilowatthours per cycle,
EFmr = the value recorded in section 4.1.2 of
this appendix for the test of the sensor
medium response, expressed in kilowatthours per cycle,
EFlr = the value recorded in section 4.1.2 of
this appendix for the test of the sensor
light response, expressed in kilowatthours per cycle,
If the dishwasher is not capable of
operation in fan-only mode, EF = 0.
5.3 Drying energy.
5.3.1 Drying energy consumption for nonsoil-sensing electric dishwashers. Calculate
the amount of energy consumed using the
power-dry feature after the termination of the
last rinse option of the normal cycle. Express
the value, ED, in kilowatt-hours per cycle.
5.3.2 Drying energy consumption for soilsensing electric dishwashers. The drying
energy consumption, ED, for the sensor
normal cycle is defined as:
ED = (EDhr + EDmr + EDlr)/3
where,
EDhr = energy consumed using the power-dry
feature after the termination of the last
rinse option of the sensor heavy
response, expressed in kilowatt-hours
per cycle,
EDmr = energy consumed using the power-dry
feature after the termination of the last
rinse option of the sensor medium
response, expressed in kilowatt-hours
per cycle,
EDlr = energy consumed using the power-dry
feature after the termination of the last
rinse option of the sensor light response,
expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle,
5.4 Water consumption.
5.4.1 Water consumption for non-soilsensing electric dishwashers using
electrically heated, gas-heated, or oil-heated
water. Take the value recorded in section
4.1.3 of this appendix as the per-cycle water
consumption. Express the value, V, in gallons
per cycle.
5.4.2 Water consumption for soil-sensing
electric dishwashers using electrically
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heated, gas-heated, or oil-heated water. The
water consumption for the sensor normal
cycle, V, is defined as:
V = (Vhr × Fhr) + (Vmr × Fmr) + (Vlr × Flr)
where,
Vhr = the value recorded in section 4.1.3 of
this appendix for the test of the sensor
heavy response, expressed in gallons per
cycle,
Vmr = the value recorded in section 4.1.3 of
this appendix for the test of the sensor
medium response, expressed in gallons
per cycle,
Vlr = the value recorded in section 4.1.3 of
this appendix for the test of the sensor
light response, expressed in gallons per
cycle,
Fhr = the weighting factor based on consumer
use of heavy response = 0.05,
Fmr = the weighting factor based on consumer
use of medium response = 0.33, and
Flr = the weighting factor based on consumer
use of light response = 0.62.
5.4.3 Water consumption during water
softener regeneration for water-softening
dishwashers using electrically heated, gasheated, or oil-heated water. The water
consumption for water softener regeneration,
VWS, is defined as:
VWS = VWScycle × NWS/N
where,
VWScycle = the reported value of the additional
water consumption required for water
softener regeneration during a cycle
including water softener regeneration,
expressed in gallons per cycle,
NWS = the reported representative average
number of water softener regeneration
cycles per year, and
N = the representative average dishwasher
use of 215 cycles per year.
5.5 Water energy consumption for nonsoil-sensing or soil-sensing dishwashers using
electrically heated water.
5.5.1 Dishwashers that operate with a
nominal 140 °F inlet water temperature, only.
5.5.1.1 Calculate the water energy
consumption, W, expressed in kilowatt-hours
per cycle and defined as:
W=V×T×K
where,
V = water consumption in gallons per cycle,
as determined in section 5.4.1 of this
appendix for non-soil-sensing
dishwashers and section 5.4.2 of this
appendix for soil-sensing dishwashers,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise =
90 °F, and
K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours
per gallon per degree Fahrenheit =
0.0024.
5.5.1.2 For water-softening dishwashers,
calculate the water softener regeneration
water energy consumption, WWS, expressed
in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as:
WWS = VWS × T × K
where,
VWS = water consumption during water
softener regeneration in gallons per cycle
which includes regeneration, as
determined in section 5.4.3 of this
appendix,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise =
90 °F, and
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K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours
per gallon per degree Fahrenheit =
0.0024.
5.5.2 Dishwashers that operate with a
nominal inlet water temperature of 120 °F.
5.5.2.1 Calculate the water energy
consumption, W, expressed in kilowatt-hours
per cycle and defined as:
W=V×T×K
where,
V = water consumption in gallons per cycle,
as determined in section 5.4.1 of this
appendix for non-soil-sensing
dishwashers and section 5.4.2 of this
appendix for soil-sensing dishwashers,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise =
70 °F, and
K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours
per gallon per degree Fahrenheit =
0.0024,
5.5.2.2 For water-softening dishwashers,
calculate the water softener regeneration
water energy consumption, WWS, expressed
in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as:
WWS = VWS × T × K
where,
VWS = water consumption during water
softener regeneration in gallons per cycle
which includes regeneration, as
determined in section 5.4.3 of this
appendix,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise =
70 °F, and
K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours
per gallon per degree Fahrenheit =
0.0024.
5.6 Water energy consumption per cycle
using gas-heated or oil-heated water.
5.6.1 Dishwashers that operate with a
nominal 140 °F inlet water temperature, only.
5.6.1.1 Calculate the water energy
consumption using gas-heated or oil-heated
water, Wg, expressed in Btu’s per cycle and
defined as:
Wg= V × T × C/e
where,
V = water consumption in gallons per cycle,
as determined in section 5.4.1 of this
appendix for non-soil-sensing
dishwashers and section 5.4.2 of this
appendix for soil-sensing dishwashers,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise =
90 °F,
C = specific heat of water in Btu’s per gallon
per degree Fahrenheit = 8.2, and
e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery
efficiency = 0.75,
5.6.1.2 For water-softening dishwashers,
calculate the water softener regeneration
water energy consumption, WWSg, expressed
in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as:
WWSg = VWS × T × C/e
where,
VWS = water consumption during water
softener regeneration in gallons per cycle
which includes regeneration, as
determined in section 5.4.3 of this
appendix,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise =
90 °F,
C = specific heat of water in Btu’s per gallon
per degree Fahrenheit = 8.2, and
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e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery
efficiency = 0.75.
5.6.2 Dishwashers that operate with a
nominal 120 °F inlet water temperature, only.
5.6.2.1 Calculate the water energy
consumption using gas-heated or oil-heated
water, Wg, expressed in Btu’s per cycle and
defined as:
Wg = V × T × C/e
where,
V = water consumption in gallons per cycle,
as determined in section 5.4.1 of this
appendix for non-soil-sensing
dishwashers and section 5.4.2 of this
appendix for soil-sensing dishwashers,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise =
70 °F,
C = specific heat of water in Btu’s per gallon
per degree Fahrenheit = 8.2, and
e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery
efficiency = 0.75.
5.6.2.2 For water-softening dishwashers,
calculate the water softener regeneration
water energy consumption, WWSg, expressed
in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as:
WWSg = VWS × T × C/e
where,
VWS = water consumption during water
softener regeneration in gallons per cycle
which includes regeneration, as
determined in section 5.4.3 of this
appendix,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise =
70 °F,
C = specific heat of water in Btu’s per gallon
per degree Fahrenheit = 8.2, and
e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery
efficiency = 0.75.
5.7 Annual combined low-power mode
energy consumption. Calculate the annual
combined low-power mode energy
consumption for dishwashers, ETLP,
expressed in kilowatt-hours per year,
according to the following:
ETLP = [(PIA × SIA) + (POM × SOM)] × K
where:
PIA = dishwasher inactive mode power, in
watts, as measured in section 4.2.1 of
this appendix for dishwashers capable of
operating in inactive mode; otherwise,
PIA = 0,
POM = dishwasher off mode power, in watts,
as measured in section 4.2.2 of this
appendix for dishwashers capable of
operating in off mode; otherwise, POM =
0,
SIA = annual hours in inactive mode as
defined as SLP if no off mode is possible,
[SLP/2] if both inactive mode and off
mode are possible, and 0 if no inactive
mode is possible,
SOM = annual hours in off mode as defined
as SLP if no inactive mode is possible,
[SLP/2] if both inactive mode and off
mode are possible, and 0 if no off mode
is possible,
SLP = combined low-power annual hours for
all available modes other than active
mode as defined as [H ¥ (N × (L + LF))]
for dishwashers capable of operating in
fan-only mode; otherwise, SLP = 8,465,
H = the total number of hours per year = 8766
hours per year,
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N = the representative average dishwasher
use of 215 cycles per year,
L = the average of the duration of the normal
cycle and truncated normal cycle, for
non-soil-sensing dishwashers with a
truncated normal cycle; the duration of
the normal cycle, for non-soil-sensing
dishwashers without a truncated normal
cycle; the average duration of the sensor
light response, truncated sensor light
response, sensor medium response,
truncated sensor medium response,
sensor heavy response, and truncated
sensor heavy response, for soil-sensing
dishwashers with a truncated cycle
option; the average duration of the
sensor light response, sensor medium
response, and sensor heavy response, for
soil-sensing dishwashers without a
truncated cycle option,
LF = the duration of the fan-only mode for the
normal cycle for non-soil-sensing
dishwashers; the average duration of the
fan-only mode for sensor light response,
sensor medium response, and sensor
heavy response for soil-sensing
dishwashers, and
K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for
watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.
11. Appendix I to subpart B of part
430 is amended by:
■ a. Revising the Note after the
appendix heading;
■ b. Revising section 1. Definitions;
■ c. In section 2. Test Conditions, by:
■ 1. Revising sections 2.1, 2.1.1, 2.1.2,
2.1.3, 2.2.1.2, 2.5.2, 2.6, 2.9.1.1, 2.9.1.3,
and 2.9.2.1;
■ 2. Removing section 2.9.2.2;
■ d. In section 3. Test Methods and
Measurements, by:
■ 1. Revising sections 3.1.1, 3.1.1.1,
3.1.1.2, 3.1.2, and 3.1.2.1;
■ 2. Adding sections 3.1.1.2.1, 3.1.1.2.2,
3.1.2.1.1, and 3.1.2.1.2;
■ 3. Redesignating sections 3.1.3 and
3.1.3.1 as 3.1.4 and 3.1.4.1 and revising
newly redesignated section 3.1.4.1;
■ 4. Adding sections 3.1.3, 3.1.3.1,
3.1.3.2, and 3.1.3.3;
■ 5. Revising sections 3.2.1, 3.2.1.1,
3.2.1.2, 3.2.1.3, and 3.2.1.4;
■ 6. Revising section 3.2.2 and 3.2.2.1
and adding section 3.2.2.2;
■ 7. Redesignating section 3.2.3 as 3.2.4
and revising newly redesignated section
3.2.4;
■ 8. Adding new section 3.2.3;
■ 9. Revising sections 3.3.7 through
3.3.11; and
■ 10. Removing sections 3.3.12 and
3.3.13;
■ e. In section 4. Calculation of Derived
Results From Test Measurements, by:
■ 1. Revising sections 4.1.1 and 4.1.1.1;
■ 2. Removing section 4.1.2.2;
■ 3. Redesignating sections 4.1.2.3,
4.1.2.3.1, 4.1.2.3.2, 4.1.2.4, 4.2.1.5,
4.1.2.5.1, 4.1.2.5.2, 4.1.2.6, 4.1.2.6.1, and
4.1.2.6.2 as 4.1.2.2, 4.1.2.2.1, 4.1.2.2.2,
4.1.2.3, 4.1.2.4, 4.1.2.4.1, 4.1.2.4.3,
4.1.2.5, 4.1.2.5.1, and 4.1.2.5.3;
■
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4. Revising newly redesignated
sections 4.1.2.2.1, 4.1.2.2.2, 4.1.2.3,
4.1.2.4.1, 4.1.2.4.3, 4.1.2.5.1, and
4.1.2.5.3;
■ 5. Adding sections 4.1.2.4.2 and
4.1.2.5.2;
■ 6. Revising section 4.1.4;
■ 7. Adding sections 4.1.4.1 and 4.1.4.2;
■ 8. Revising sections 4.2.1.1 and
4.2.1.2;
■ 9. Revising section 4.2.2.1;
■ 10. Adding sections 4.2.2.1.1 and
4.2.2.1.2;
■ 11. Revising section 4.2.2.2.2;
■ 12. Removing section 4.2.2.2.3;
■ 13. Revising section 4.2.3;
■ 14. Adding sections 4.2.3.1 and
4.2.3.2; and
■ 15. Revising section 4.3.
The additions and revisions read as
follows:
■
Appendix I to Subpart B of Part 430—
Uniform Test Method for Measuring the
Energy Consumption of Conventional
Ranges, Conventional Cooking Tops,
Conventional Ovens, and Microwave
Ovens
Note: The procedures and calculations in
this Appendix I need not be performed to
determine compliance with energy
conservation standards for conventional
ranges, conventional cooking tops,
conventional ovens, and microwave ovens at
this time. However, any representation made
after April 29, 2013 related to standby mode
and off mode energy consumption of
conventional ranges, conventional cooking
tops, and conventional ovens, and any
representation made after September 6, 2011
related to standby mode and off mode energy
consumption of microwave ovens, must be
based upon results generated under this test
procedure, consistent with the requirements
of 42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2). Upon the compliance
date of any energy conservation standard that
incorporates standby mode and off mode
energy consumption, compliance with the
applicable provisions of this test procedure
will also be required. Future revisions may
add relevant provisions for measuring active
mode in microwave ovens.
1. Definitions
1.1 Active mode means a mode in which
the product is connected to a mains power
source, has been activated, and is performing
the main functions of producing heat by
means of a gas flame, electric resistance
heating, or microwave energy, or circulating
air internally or externally to the cooking
product. Delay start mode is a one-off, userinitiated, short-duration function that is
associated with an active mode.
1.2 Built-in means the product is
supported by surrounding cabinetry, walls,
or other similar structures.
1.3 Combined low-power mode means the
aggregate of available modes other than
active mode, but including the delay start
mode portion of active mode.
1.4 Cycle finished mode means a standby
mode in which a conventional cooking top,
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conventional oven, or conventional range
provides continuous status display following
operation in active mode.
1.5 Drop-in means the product is
supported by horizontal surface cabinetry.
1.6 Fan-only mode means an active mode
that is not user-selectable and in which a fan
circulates air internally or externally to the
cooking product for a finite period of time
after the end of the heating function, where
the end of the heating function is indicated
to the consumer by means of a display,
indicator light, or audible signal.
1.7 Forced convection means a mode of
conventional oven operation in which a fan
is used to circulate the heated air within the
oven compartment during cooking.
1.8 Freestanding means the product is not
supported by surrounding cabinetry, walls,
or other similar structures.
1.9 IEC 62301 (First Edition) means the
test standard published by the International
Electrotechnical Commission, titled
‘‘Household electrical appliances—
Measurement of standby power,’’ Publication
62301 (First Edition 2005–06) (incorporated
by reference; see § 430.3).
1.10 IEC 62301 (Second Edition) means
the test standard published by the
International Electrotechnical Commission,
titled ‘‘Household electrical appliances—
Measurement of standby power,’’ Publication
62301 (Edition 2.0 2011–01) (incorporated by
reference; see § 430.3).
1.11 Inactive mode means a standby
mode that facilitates the activation of active
mode by remote switch (including remote
control), internal sensor, or timer, or that
provides continuous status display.
1.12 Normal non-operating temperature
means the temperature of all areas of an
appliance to be tested are within 5 °F (2.8 °C)
of the temperature that the identical areas of
the same basic model of the appliance would
attain if it remained in the test room for 24
hours while not operating with all oven
doors closed.
1.13 Off mode means a mode in which
the product is connected to a mains power
source and is not providing any active mode
or standby mode function, and where the
mode may persist for an indefinite time. An
indicator that only shows the user that the
product is in the off position is included
within the classification of an off mode.
1.14 Primary energy consumption means
either the electrical energy consumption of a
conventional electric oven or the gas energy
consumption of a conventional gas oven.
1.15 Secondary energy consumption
means any electrical energy consumption of
a conventional gas oven.
1.16 Standard cubic foot (L) of gas means
that quantity of gas that occupies 1 cubic foot
(L) when saturated with water vapor at a
temperature of 60 °F (15.6 °C) and a pressure
of 30 inches of mercury (101.6 kPa) (density
of mercury equals 13.595 grams per cubic
centimeter).
1.17 Standby mode means any modes
where the product is connected to a mains
power source and offers one or more of the
following user-oriented or protective
functions which may persist for an indefinite
time: (a) To facilitate the activation of other
modes (including activation or deactivation
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of active mode) by remote switch (including
remote control), internal sensor, or timer; (b)
continuous functions, including information
or status displays (including clocks) or
sensor-based functions. A timer is a
continuous clock function (which may or
may not be associated with a display) that
provides regular scheduled tasks (e.g.,
switching) and that operates on a continuous
basis.
1.18 Thermocouple means a device
consisting of two dissimilar metals which are
joined together and, with their associated
wires, are used to measure temperature by
means of electromotive force.
1.19 Symbol usage. The following
identity relationships are provided to help
clarify the symbology used throughout this
procedure.
A—Number of Hours in a Year
C—Specific Heat
E—Energy Consumed
Eff—Cooking Efficiency
H—Heating Value of Gas
K—Conversion for Watt-hours to Kilowatthours
Ke—3.412 Btu/Wh, Conversion for Watthours to Btu’s
M—Mass
n—Number of Units
O—Annual Useful Cooking Energy Output
P—Power
Q—Gas Flow Rate
R—Energy Factor, Ratio of Useful Cooking
Energy Output to Total Energy Input
S—Number of Self-Cleaning Operations per
Year
T—Temperature
t—Time
V—Volume of Gas Consumed
W—Weight of Test Block
2. Test Conditions
2.1 Installation. A free standing kitchen
range shall be installed with the back directly
against, or as near as possible to, a vertical
wall which extends at least 1 foot above and
on either side of the appliance. There shall
be no side walls. A drop-in, built-in, or wallmounted appliance shall be installed in an
enclosure in accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions. These
appliances are to be completely assembled
with all handles, knobs, guards, and the like
mounted in place. Any electric resistance
heaters, gas burners, baking racks, and baffles
shall be in place in accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions; however, broiler
pans are to be removed from the oven’s
baking compartment.
2.1.1 Conventional electric ranges, ovens,
and cooking tops. These products shall be
connected to an electrical supply circuit with
voltage as specified in section 2.2.1 of this
appendix with a watt-hour meter installed in
the circuit. The watt-hour meter shall be as
described in section 2.9.1.1 of this appendix.
For standby mode and off mode testing, these
products shall also be installed in accordance
with Section 5, Paragraph 5.2 of IEC 62301
(Second Edition) (incorporated by reference;
see § 430.3), disregarding the provisions
regarding batteries and the determination,
classification, and testing of relevant modes.
2.1.2 Conventional gas ranges, ovens, and
cooking tops. These products shall be
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connected to a gas supply line with a gas
meter installed between the supply line and
the appliance being tested, according to
manufacturer’s specifications. The gas meter
shall be as described in section 2.9.2 of this
appendix. Conventional gas ranges, ovens,
and cooking tops with electrical ignition
devices or other electrical components shall
be connected to an electrical supply circuit
of nameplate voltage with a watt-hour meter
installed in the circuit. The watt-hour meter
shall be as described in section 2.9.1.1 of this
appendix. For standby mode and off mode
testing, these products shall also be installed
in accordance with Section 5, Paragraph 5.2
of IEC 62301 (Second Edition) (incorporated
by reference; see § 430.3), disregarding the
provisions regarding batteries and the
determination, classification, and testing of
relevant modes.
2.1.3 Microwave ovens. Install the
microwave oven in accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions and connect to
an electrical supply circuit with voltage as
specified in section 2.2.1 of this appendix.
The microwave oven shall also be installed
in accordance with Section 5, Paragraph 5.2
of IEC 62301 (First Edition) (incorporated by
reference; see § 430.3). A watt meter shall be
installed in the circuit and shall be as
described in section 2.9.1.3 of this appendix.
*
*
*
*
*
2.2.1.2 Supply voltage waveform. For
conventional range, conventional cooking
top, and conventional oven standby mode
and off mode testing, maintain the electrical
supply voltage waveform indicated in
Section 4, Paragraph 4.3.2 of IEC 62301
(Second Edition) (incorporated by reference;
see § 430.3). For microwave oven standby
mode and off mode testing, maintain the
electrical supply voltage waveform indicated
in Section 4, Paragraph 4.4 of IEC 62301
(First Edition) (incorporated by reference; see
§ 430.3).
*
*
*
*
*
2.5.2 Standby mode and off mode
ambient temperature. For conventional
range, conventional cooking top, and
conventional oven standby mode and off
mode testing, maintain room ambient air
temperature conditions as specified in
Section 4, Paragraph 4.2 of IEC 62301
(Second Edition) (incorporated by reference;
see § 430.3). For microwave oven standby
mode and off mode testing, maintain room
ambient air temperature conditions as
specified in Section 4, Paragraph 4.2 of IEC
62301 (First Edition) (incorporated by
reference; see § 430.3).
2.6 Normal non-operating temperature.
All areas of the appliance to be tested shall
attain the normal non-operating temperature,
as defined in section 1.12 of this appendix,
before any testing begins. The equipment for
measuring the applicable normal nonoperating temperature shall be as described
in sections 2.9.3.1, 2.9.3.2, 2.9.3.3, and
2.9.3.4 of this appendix, as applicable.
*
*
*
*
*
2.9.1.1 Watt-hour meter. The watt-hour
meter for measuring the electrical energy
consumption of conventional ovens and
cooking tops shall have a resolution of 1
watt-hour (3.6 kJ) or less and a maximum
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error no greater than 1.5 percent of the
measured value for any demand greater than
5 watts. The watt-hour meter for measuring
the energy consumption of microwave ovens
shall have a resolution of 0.1 watt-hour (0.36
kJ) or less and a maximum error no greater
than 1.5 percent of the measured value.
*
*
*
*
*
2.9.1.3 Standby mode and off mode watt
meter. The watt meter used to measure
conventional range, conventional cooking
top, and conventional oven standby mode
and off mode power consumption shall have
a resolution as specified in Section 4,
Paragraph 4.4 of IEC 62301 (Second Edition)
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.3). The
watt meter used to measure microwave oven
standby mode and off mode power
consumption shall have a resolution as
specified in Section 4, Paragraph 4.5 of IEC
62301 (First Edition) (incorporated by
reference, see § 430.3), and shall also be able
to record a ‘‘true’’ average power as specified
in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2(a) of IEC 62301
(First Edition).
2.9.2 Gas Measurements.
2.9.2.1 Positive displacement meters. The
gas meter to be used for measuring the gas
consumed by the gas burners of the oven or
cooking top shall have a resolution of 0.01
cubic foot (0.28 L) or less and a maximum
error no greater than 1 percent of the
measured valued for any demand greater
than 2.2 cubic feet per hour (62.3 L/h).
3. Test Methods and Measurements
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3.1.1 Conventional oven. Perform a test
by establishing the testing conditions set
forth in section 2, Test Conditions, of this
appendix and turn off the gas flow to the
conventional cooking top, if so equipped.
Before beginning the test, the conventional
oven shall be at its normal non-operating
temperature as defined in section 1.12 and
described in section 2.6 of this appendix. Set
the conventional oven test block W1
approximately in the center of the usable
baking space. If there is a selector switch for
selecting the mode of operation of the oven,
set it for normal baking. If an oven permits
baking by either forced convection by using
a fan, or without forced convection, the oven
is to be tested in each of those two modes.
The oven shall remain on for one complete
thermostat ‘‘cut-off/cut-on’’ of the electrical
resistance heaters or gas burners after the test
block temperature has increased 234 °F (130
°C) above its initial temperature.
3.1.1.1 Self-cleaning operation of a
conventional oven. Establish the test
conditions set forth in section 2, Test
Conditions, of this appendix. Turn off the gas
flow to the conventional cooking top. The
temperature of the conventional oven shall
be its normal non-operating temperature as
defined in section 1.12 and described in
section 2.6 of this appendix. Then set the
conventional oven’s self-cleaning process in
accordance with the manufacturer’s
instructions. If the self-cleaning process is
adjustable, use the average time
recommended by the manufacturer for a
moderately soiled oven.
3.1.1.2 Conventional oven standby mode
and off mode power. Establish the standby
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mode and off mode testing conditions set
forth in section 2, Test Conditions, of this
appendix. For conventional ovens that take
some time to enter a stable state from a
higher power state as discussed in Section 5,
Paragraph 5.1, Note 1 of IEC 62301 (Second
Edition) (incorporated by reference; see
§ 430.3), allow sufficient time for the
conventional oven to reach the lower power
state before proceeding with the test
measurement. Follow the test procedure as
specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC
62301 (Second Edition) for testing in each
possible mode as described in 3.1.1.2.1 and
3.1.1.2.2 of this appendix. For units in which
power varies as a function of displayed time
in standby mode, set the clock time to 3:23
at the end of the stabilization period
specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3 of IEC
62301 (First Edition), and use the average
power approach described in Section 5,
Paragraph 5.3.2(a) of IEC 62301 (First
Edition), but with a single test period of 10
minutes +0/¥2 sec after an additional
stabilization period until the clock time
reaches 3:33.
3.1.1.2.1 If the conventional oven has an
inactive mode, as defined in section 1.11 of
this appendix, measure and record the
average inactive mode power of the
conventional oven, PIA, in watts.
3.1.1.2.2 If the conventional oven has an
off mode, as defined in section 1.13 of this
appendix, measure and record the average off
mode power of the conventional oven, POM,
in watts.
3.1.2 Conventional cooking top. Establish
the test conditions set forth in section 2, Test
Conditions, of this appendix. Turn off the gas
flow to the conventional oven(s), if so
equipped. The temperature of the
conventional cooking top shall be its normal
nonoperating temperature as defined in
section 1.12 and described in section 2.6 of
this appendix. Set the test block in the center
of the surface unit under test. The small test
block, W2, shall be used on electric surface
units of 7 inches (178 mm) or less in
diameter. The large test block, W3, shall be
used on electric surface units over 7 inches
(178 mm) in diameter and on all gas surface
units. Turn on the surface unit under test and
set its energy input rate to the maximum
setting. When the test block reaches 144 °F
(80 °C) above its initial test block
temperature, immediately reduce the energy
input rate to 25±5 percent of the maximum
energy input rate. After 15±0.1 minutes at the
reduced energy setting, turn off the surface
unit under test.
3.1.2.1 Conventional cooking top standby
mode and off mode power. Establish the
standby mode and off mode testing
conditions set forth in section 2, Test
Conditions, of this appendix. For
conventional cooktops that take some time to
enter a stable state from a higher power state
as discussed in Section 5, Paragraph 5.1,
Note 1 of IEC 62301 (Second Edition)
(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3),
allow sufficient time for the conventional
cooking top to reach the lower power state
before proceeding with the test measurement.
Follow the test procedure as specified in
Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC 62301
(Second Edition) for testing in each possible
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mode as described in sections 3.1.2.1.1 and
3.1.2.1.2 of this appendix. For units in which
power varies as a function of displayed time
in standby mode, set the clock time to 3:23
at the end of the stabilization period
specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3 of IEC
62301 (First Edition), and use the average
power approach described in Section 5,
Paragraph 5.3.2(a) of IEC 62301 (First
Edition), but with a single test period of 10
minutes +0/-2 sec after an additional
stabilization period until the clock time
reaches 3:33.
3.1.2.1.1 If the conventional cooking top
has an inactive mode, as defined in section
1.11 of this appendix, measure and record
the average inactive mode power of the
conventional cooking top, PIA, in watts.
3.1.2.1.2 If the conventional cooking top
has an off mode, as defined in section 1.13
of this appendix, measure and record the
average off mode power of the conventional
cooking top, POM, in watts.
3.1.3 Conventional range standby mode
and off mode power. Establish the standby
mode and off mode testing conditions set
forth in section 2, Test Conditions, of this
appendix. For conventional ranges that take
some time to enter a stable state from a
higher power state as discussed in Section 5,
Paragraph 5.1, Note 1 of IEC 62301 (Second
Edition) (incorporated by reference; see
§ 430.3), allow sufficient time for the
conventional range to reach the lower power
state before proceeding with the test
measurement. Follow the test procedure as
specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC
62301 (Second Edition) for testing in each
possible mode as described in sections
3.1.3.1 and 3.1.3.2 of this appendix. For units
in which power varies as a function of
displayed time in standby mode, set the
clock time to 3:23 at the end of the
stabilization period specified in Section 5,
Paragraph 5.3 of IEC 62301 (First Edition),
and use the average power approach
described in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2(a) of
IEC 62301 (First Edition), but with a single
test period of 10 minutes +0/¥2 sec after an
additional stabilization period until the clock
time reaches 3:33.
3.1.3.1 If the conventional range has an
inactive mode, as defined in section 1.11 of
this appendix, measure and record the
average inactive mode power of the
conventional range, PIA, in watts.
3.1.3.2 If the conventional range has an
off mode, as defined in section 1.13 of this
appendix, measure and record the average off
mode power of the conventional range, POM,
in watts.
3.1.4 Microwave oven.
3.1.4.1 Microwave oven test standby
mode and off mode power. Establish the
testing conditions set forth in section 2, Test
Conditions, of this appendix. For microwave
ovens that drop from a higher power state to
a lower power state as discussed in Section
5, Paragraph 5.1, Note 1 of IEC 62301 (First
Edition) (incorporated by reference; see
§ 430.3), allow sufficient time for the
microwave oven to reach the lower power
state before proceeding with the test
measurement. Follow the test procedure as
specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3 of IEC
62301 (First Edition). For units in which
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power varies as a function of displayed time
in standby mode, set the clock time to 3:23
and use the average power approach
described in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2(a),
but with a single test period of 10 minutes
+0/¥2 sec after an additional stabilization
period until the clock time reaches 3:33. If a
microwave oven is capable of operation in
either standby mode or off mode, as defined
in sections 1.17 or 1.13 of this appendix,
respectively, or both, test the microwave
oven in each mode in which it can operate.
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3.2.1 Conventional oven test energy
consumption. If the oven thermostat controls
the oven temperature without cycling on and
off, measure the energy consumed, EO, when
the temperature of the block reaches TO (TO
is 234 °F (130 °C) above the initial block
temperature, TI). If the oven thermostat
operates by cycling on and off, make the
following series of measurements: Measure
the block temperature, TA, and the energy
consumed, EA, or volume of gas consumed,
VA, at the end of the last ‘‘ON’’ period of the
conventional oven before the block reaches
TO. Measure the block temperature, TB, and
the energy consumed, EB, or volume of gas
consumed, VB, at the beginning of the next
‘‘ON’’ period. Measure the block temperature,
TC, and the energy consumed, EC, or volume
of gas consumed, VC, at the end of that ‘‘ON’’
period. Measure the block temperature, TD,
and the energy consumed, ED, or volume of
gas consumed, VD, at the beginning of the
following ‘‘ON’’ period. Energy
measurements for EO, EA, EB, EC, and ED
should be expressed in watt-hours (kJ) for
conventional electric ovens, and volume
measurements for VA, VB, VC, and VD should
be expressed in standard cubic feet (L) of gas
for conventional gas ovens. For a gas oven,
measure in watt-hours (kJ) any electrical
energy, EIO, consumed by an ignition device
or other electrical components required for
the operation of a conventional gas oven
while heating the test block to TO.
3.2.1.1 Conventional oven average test
energy consumption. If the conventional
oven permits baking by either forced
convection or without forced convection and
the oven thermostat does not cycle on and
off, measure the energy consumed with the
forced convection mode, (EO)1, and without
the forced convection mode, (EO)2, when the
temperature of the block reaches TO (TO is
234 °F (130 °C) above the initial block
temperature, TI). If the conventional oven
permits baking by either forced convection or
without forced convection and the oven
thermostat operates by cycling on and off,
make the following series of measurements
with and without the forced convection
mode: Measure the block temperature, TA,
and the energy consumed, EA, or volume of
gas consumed, VA, at the end of the last
‘‘ON’’ period of the conventional oven before
the block reaches TO. Measure the block
temperature, TB, and the energy consumed,
EB, or volume of gas consumed, VB, at the
beginning of the next ‘‘ON’’ period. Measure
the block temperature, TC, and the energy
consumed, EC, or volume of gas consumed,
VC, at the end of that ‘‘ON’’ period. Measure
the block temperature, TD, and the energy
consumed, ED, or volume of gas consumed,
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VD, at the beginning of the following ‘‘ON’’
period. Energy measurements for EO, EA, EB,
EC, and ED should be expressed in watt-hours
(kJ) for conventional electric ovens, and
volume measurements for VA, VB, VC, and VD
should be expressed in standard cubic feet
(L) of gas for conventional gas ovens. For a
gas oven that can be operated with or without
forced convection, measure in watt-hours (kJ)
any electrical energy consumed by an
ignition device or other electrical
components required for the operation of a
conventional gas oven while heating the test
block to TO using the forced convection
mode, (EIO)1, and without using the forced
convection mode, (EIO)2.
3.2.1.2 Conventional oven fan-only mode
energy consumption. If the conventional
oven is capable of operation in fan-only
mode, measure the fan-only mode energy
consumption, EOF, expressed in kilowatthours (kJ) of electricity consumed by the
conventional oven for the duration of fanonly mode, using a watt-hour meter as
specified in section 2.9.1.1 of this appendix.
Alternatively, if the duration of fan-only
mode is known, the watt-hours consumed
may be measured for a period of 10 minutes
in fan-only mode, using a watt-hour meter as
specified in section 2.9.1.1 of this appendix.
Multiply this value by the time in minutes
that the conventional oven remains in fanonly mode, tOF, and divide by 10,000 to
obtain EOF. The alternative approach may be
used only if the resulting EOF is
representative of energy use during the entire
fan-only mode.
3.2.1.3 Energy consumption of selfcleaning operation. Measure the energy
consumption, ES, in watt-hours (kJ) of
electricity or the volume of gas consumption,
VS, in standard cubic feet (L) during the selfcleaning test set forth in section 3.1.1.1 of
this appendix. For a gas oven, also measure
in watt-hours (kJ) any electrical energy, EIS,
consumed by ignition devices or other
electrical components required during the
self-cleaning test.
3.2.1.4 Standby mode and off mode
energy consumption. Make measurements as
specified in section 3.1.1.2 of this appendix.
If the conventional oven is capable of
operating in inactive mode, as defined in
section 1.11 of this appendix, measure the
average inactive mode power of the
conventional oven, PIA, in watts as specified
in section 3.1.1.2.1 of this appendix. If the
conventional oven is capable of operating in
off mode, as defined in section 1.13 of this
appendix, measure the average off mode
power of the conventional oven, POM, in
watts as specified in section 3.1.1.2.2 of this
appendix.
3.2.2 Conventional surface unit test
energy consumption.
3.2.2.1 Conventional surface unit average
test energy consumption. For the surface unit
under test, measure the energy consumption,
ECT, in watt-hours (kJ) of electricity or the
volume of gas consumption, VCT, in standard
cubic feet (L) of gas and the test block
temperature, TCT, at the end of the 15 minute
(reduced input setting) test interval for the
test specified in section 3.1.2 of this
appendix and the total time, tCT, in hours,
that the unit is under test. Measure any
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electrical energy, EIC, consumed by an
ignition device of a gas heating element or
other electrical components required for the
operation of the conventional gas cooking top
in watt-hours (kJ).
3.2.2.2 Conventional surface unit standby
mode and off mode energy consumption.
Make measurements as specified in section
3.1.2.1 of this appendix. If the conventional
surface unit is capable of operating in
inactive mode, as defined in section 1.11 of
this appendix, measure the average inactive
mode power of the conventional surface unit,
PIA, in watts as specified in section 3.1.2.1.1
of this appendix. If the conventional surface
unit is capable of operating in off mode, as
defined in section 1.13 of this appendix,
measure the average off mode power of the
conventional surface unit, POM, in watts as
specified in section 3.1.2.1.2 of this
appendix.
3.2.3 Conventional range standby mode
and off mode energy consumption. Make
measurements as specified in section 3.1.3 of
this appendix. If the conventional range is
capable of operating in inactive mode, as
defined in section 1.11 of this appendix,
measure the average inactive mode power of
the conventional range, PIA, in watts as
specified in section 3.1.3.1 of this appendix.
If the conventional range is capable of
operating in off mode, as defined in section
1.13 of this appendix, measure the average
off mode power of the conventional range,
POM, in watts as specified in section 3.1.3.2
of this appendix.
3.2.4 Microwave oven test standby mode
and off mode power. Make measurements as
specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3 of IEC
62301 (First Edition) (incorporated by
reference; see § 430.3). If the microwave oven
is capable of operating in standby mode, as
defined in section 1.17 of this appendix,
measure the average standby mode power of
the microwave oven, PSB, in watts as
specified in section 3.1.4.1 of this appendix.
If the microwave oven is capable of operating
in off mode, as defined in section 1.13 of this
appendix, measure the average off mode
power of the microwave oven, POM, as
specified in section 3.1.4.1 of this appendix.
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3.3.7 For conventional ovens, record the
conventional oven standby mode and off
mode test measurements PIA and POM, if
applicable. For conventional cooktops,
record the conventional cooking top standby
mode and off mode test measurements PIA
and POM, if applicable. For conventional
ranges, record the conventional range
standby mode and off mode test
measurements PIA and POM, if applicable.
3.3.8 For the surface unit under test,
record the electric energy consumption, ECT,
or the gas volume consumption, VCT, the
final test block temperature, TCT, and the
total test time, tCT. For a gas cooking top
which uses electrical energy for ignition of
the burners, also record EIC.
3.3.9 Record the heating value, Hn, as
determined in section 2.2.2.2 of this
appendix for the natural gas supply.
3.3.10 Record the heating value, Hp, as
determined in section 2.2.2.3 of this
appendix for the propane supply.
3.3.11 Record the average standby mode
power, PSB, for the microwave oven standby
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mode, as determined in section 3.2.4 of this
appendix for a microwave oven capable of
operating in standby mode. Record the
average off mode power, POM, for the
microwave oven off mode power test, as
determined in section 3.2.4 of this appendix
for a microwave oven capable of operating in
off mode.
4. Calculation of Derived Results From Test
Measurements
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65991
4.1.1 Test energy consumption. For a
conventional oven with a thermostat which
operates by cycling on and off, calculate the
test energy consumption, EO, expressed in
watt-hours (kJ) for electric ovens and in Btus
(kJ) for gas ovens, and defined as:
for electric ovens, and,
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Btus (kJ) for gas ovens using the following
equations:
ER31OC12.003</GPH>
ED = electric energy consumed in Wh (kJ) at
the beginning of the ‘‘ON’’ period which
follows the measurement of TC.
VA = volume of gas consumed in standard
cubic feet (L) at the end of the last ‘‘ON’’
period before the test block reaches TO.
VB = volume of gas consumed in standard
cubic feet (L) at the beginning of the
‘‘ON’’ period following the measurement
of TA.
VC = volume of gas consumed in standard
cubic feet (L) at the end of the ‘‘ON’’
period which starts with TB.
VD = volume of gas consumed in standard
cubic feet (L) at the beginning of the
‘‘ON’’ period which follows the
measurement of TC.
4.1.1.1 Average test energy consumption.
If the conventional oven can be operated
with or without forced convection, determine
the average test energy consumption, EO and
EIO, in watt-hours (kJ) for electric ovens and
Where:
(EO)1 = test energy consumption using the
forced convection mode in watt-hours
(kJ) for electric ovens and in Btus (kJ) for
gas ovens as measured in section 3.2.1.1
of this appendix.
(EO)2 = test energy consumption without
using the forced convection mode in
watt-hours (kJ) for electric ovens and in
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ER31OC12.001</GPH> ER31OC12.002</GPH>
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Where:
TA = block temperature in °F (°C) at the end
of the last ‘‘ON’’ period of the
conventional oven before the test block
reaches TO.
TB = block temperature in °F (°C) at the
beginning of the ‘‘ON’’ period following
the measurement of TA.
TC = block temperature in °F (°C) at the end
of the ‘‘ON’’ period which starts with TB.
TD = block temperature in °F (°C) at the
beginning of the ‘‘ON’’ period which
follows the measurement of TC.
EA = electric energy consumed in Wh (kJ) at
the end of the last ‘‘ON’’ period before
the test block reaches TO.
EB = electric energy consumed in Wh (kJ) at
the beginning of the ‘‘ON’’ period
following the measurement of TA.
EC = electric energy consumed in Wh (kJ) at
the end of the ‘‘ON’’ period which starts
with TB.
TO = 234 °F (130 °C) plus the initial test block
temperature.
and,
ER31OC12.000</GPH>
section 2.2.2.2 and section 2.2.2.3 of this
appendix, expressed in Btus per
standard cubic foot (kJ/L).
for gas ovens,
Where:
H = either Hn or Hp, the heating value of the
gas used in the test as specified in
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4.1.2.2.1 Annual primary energy
consumption. Calculate the annual primary
energy consumption for conventional oven
self-cleaning operations, ESC, expressed in
kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year for electric ovens
and in Btus (kJ) for gas ovens, and defined
as: ESC = ES × Se × K, for electric ovens,
Where:
ES = energy consumption in watt-hours, as
measured in section 3.2.1.3 of this
appendix.
Se = 4, average number of times a selfcleaning operation of a conventional
electric oven is used per year.
K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for
watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.
or
ESC = VS × H × Sg, for gas ovens,
Where:
VS = gas consumption in standard cubic feet
(L), as measured in section 3.2.1.3 of this
appendix.
H = Hn or Hp, the heating value of the gas
used in the test as specified in sections
2.2.2.2 and 2.2.2.3 of this appendix in
Btus per standard cubic foot (kJ/L).
Sg = 4, average number of times a selfcleaning operation of a conventional gas
oven is used per year.
4.1.2.2.2 Annual secondary energy
consumption for self-cleaning operation of
gas ovens. Calculate the annual secondary
energy consumption for self-cleaning
operations of a gas oven, ESS, expressed in
kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and defined as:
ESS = EIS × Sg × K,
Where:
EIS = electrical energy consumed during the
self-cleaning operation of a conventional
gas oven, as measured in section 3.2.1.3
of this appendix.
Sg = 4, average number of times a selfcleaning operation of a conventional gas
oven is used per year.
K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for
watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.
4.1.2.3 Annual combined low-power
mode energy consumption of a single
conventional oven. Calculate the annual
standby mode and off mode energy
consumption for conventional ovens, EOTLP,
expressed in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and
defined as:
EOTLP = [(PIA × SIA) + (POM × SOM)] × K,
Where:
PIA = conventional oven inactive mode
power, in watts, as measured in section
3.2.1.4 of this appendix.
POM = conventional oven off mode power, in
watts, as measured in section 3.2.1.4 of
this appendix.
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4.1.2.4.1 Conventional electric oven
energy consumption. Calculate the total
annual energy consumption of a
conventional electric oven, EAO, expressed in
kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and defined as:
EAO = ECO + ESC,
Where:
ECO = annual primary cooking energy
consumption as determined in section
4.1.2.1.1 of this appendix.
ESC = annual primary self-cleaning energy
consumption as determined in section
4.1.2.2.1 of this appendix.
4.1.2.4.2 Conventional electric oven
integrated energy consumption. Calculate the
total integrated annual electrical energy
consumption of a conventional electric oven,
IEAO, expressed in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per
year and defined as:
IEAO = ECO + ESC + EOTLP, + (EOF × NOE),
Where:
ECO = annual primary cooking energy
consumption as determined in section
4.1.2.1.1 of this appendix.
ESC = annual primary self-cleaning energy
consumption as determined in section
4.1.2.2.1 of this appendix.
EOTLP = annual combined low-power mode
energy consumption as determined in
section 4.1.2.3 of this appendix.
EOF = fan-only mode energy consumption as
measured in section 3.2.1.2 of this
appendix.
NOE = representative number of annual
conventional electric oven cooking
cycles per year, which is equal to 219
cycles for a conventional electric oven
without self-clean capability and 204
cycles for a conventional electric oven
with self-clean capability.
4.1.2.4.3 Conventional gas oven energy
consumption. Calculate the total annual gas
energy consumption of a conventional gas
oven, EAOG, expressed in Btus (kJ) per year
and defined as:
EAOG = ECO + ESC,
Where:
ECO = annual primary cooking energy
consumption as determined in section
4.1.2.1.1 of this appendix.
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ESC = annual primary self-cleaning energy
consumption as determined in section
4.1.2.2.1 of this appendix.
If the conventional gas oven uses electrical
energy, calculate the total annual electrical
energy consumption, EAOE, expressed in
kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and defined as:
EAOE = ESO + ESS,
Where:
ESO = annual secondary cooking energy
consumption as determined in section
4.1.2.1.2 of this appendix.
ESS = annual secondary self-cleaning energy
consumption as determined in section
4.1.2.2.2 of this appendix.
If the conventional gas oven uses electrical
energy, also calculate the total integrated
annual electrical energy consumption, IEAOE,
expressed in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and
defined as:
IEAOE = ESO + ESS+ EOTLP + (EOF × NOG),
Where:
ESO = annual secondary cooking energy
consumption as determined in section
4.1.2.1.2 of this appendix.
ESS = annual secondary self-cleaning
energy consumption as determined in section
4.1.2.2.2 of this appendix.
EOTLP = annual combined low-power mode
energy consumption as determined in section
4.1.2.3 of this appendix.
EOF = fan-only mode energy consumption
as measured in section 3.2.1.2 of this
appendix.
NOG = representative number of annual
conventional gas oven cooking cycles per
year, which is equal to 183 cycles for a
conventional gas oven without self-clean
capability and 197 cycles for a conventional
gas oven with self-clean capability.
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4.1.2.5.1 Conventional electric oven
energy consumption. Calculate the total
annual energy consumption, ETO, in kilowatthours (kJ) per year and defined as:
ETO = EACO + EASC,
Where:
is the average annual primary energy
consumption for cooking, and where:
n = number of conventional ovens in the
basic model.
ECO = annual primary energy consumption
for cooking as determined in section
4.1.2.1.1 of this appendix.
average annual self-cleaning energy
consumption,
Where:
n = number of self-cleaning conventional
ovens in the basic model.
ESC = annual primary self-cleaning energy
consumption as determined according to
section 4.1.2.2.1 of this appendix.
E:\FR\FM\31OCR2.SGM
31OCR2
ER31OC12.005</GPH>
srobinson on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with
*
STOT equals the total number of inactive
mode and off mode hours per year;
If the conventional oven has fan-only mode,
STOT equals (8,540.1 ¥ (tOF/60)) hours,
where tOF is the conventional oven fanonly mode duration, in minutes, as
measured in section 3.2.1.2 of this
appendix, and 60 is the conversion factor
for minutes to hours; otherwise, STOT is
equal to 8,540.1 hours.
If the conventional oven has both inactive
mode and off mode, SIA and SOM both
equal STOT/2;
If the conventional oven has an inactive
mode but no off mode, the inactive mode
annual hours, SIA, is equal to STOT and
the off mode annual hours, SOM, is equal
to 0;
If the conventional oven has an off mode but
no inactive mode, SIA is equal to 0 and
SOM is equal to STOT;
K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for
watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.
ER31OC12.004</GPH>
Btus (kJ) for gas ovens as measured in
section 3.2.1.1 of this appendix.
(EIO)1 = electrical energy consumption in
watt-hours (kJ) of a gas oven in forced
convection mode as measured in section
3.2.1.1 of this appendix.
(EIO)2 = electrical energy consumption in
watt-hours (kJ) of a gas oven without
using the forced convection mode as
measured in section 3.2.1.1 of this
appendix.
Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 211 / Wednesday, October 31, 2012 / Rules and Regulations
srobinson on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with
Where:
n = number of conventional ovens in the
basic model.
ECO = annual primary energy consumption
for cooking as determined in section
4.1.2.1.1 of this appendix.
and,
EASC = average annual self-cleaning energy
consumption in Btus (kJ) per year and is
calculated as:
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Jkt 229001
is the average annual secondary energy
consumption for cooking,
Where:
n = number of conventional ovens in the
basic model.
ESO= annual secondary energy consumption
for cooking of gas ovens as determined
in section 4.1.2.1.2 of this appendix.
is the average annual secondary self-cleaning
energy consumption,
Where:
n = number of self-cleaning ovens in the
basic model.
PO 00000
Frm 00053
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
For electric ovens,
Where:
OO = 29.3 kWh (105,480 kJ) per year, annual
useful cooking energy output.
IEAO = total integrated annual energy
consumption for electric ovens as
determined in section 4.1.2.4.2 of this
appendix.
E:\FR\FM\31OCR2.SGM
31OCR2
ER31OC12.011</GPH>
Where:
OO = 88.8 kBtu (93,684 kJ) per year, annual
useful cooking energy output.
EAOG = total annual gas energy consumption
for conventional gas ovens as determined
in section 4.1.2.4.3 of this appendix.
EAOE = total annual electrical energy
consumption for conventional gas ovens
as determined in section 4.1.2.4.3 of this
appendix.
Ke = 3,412 Btu/kWh (3,600 kJ/kWh),
conversion factor for kilowatt-hours to
Btu’s.
4.1.4.2 Conventional oven integrated
energy factor. Calculate the integrated energy
factor, or the ratio of useful cooking energy
output to the total integrated energy input,
IRO, using the following equations:
ER31OC12.012</GPH>
ER31OC12.013</GPH>
For electric ovens,
Where:
OO = 29.3 kWh (105,480 kJ) per year, annual
useful cooking energy output.
EAO = total annual energy consumption for
electric ovens as determined in section
4.1.2.4.1 of this appendix.
For gas ovens:
ER31OC12.016</GPH>
*
ER31OC12.015</GPH>
*
ER31OC12.014</GPH>
*
ER31OC12.010</GPH>
is the average annual secondary self-cleaning
energy consumption,
Where:
n = number of self-cleaning ovens in the
basic model.
ESS = annual secondary self-cleaning energy
consumption of gas ovens as determined
in section 4.1.2.2.2 of this appendix.
If the oven also uses electrical energy, also
calculate the total integrated annual electrical
energy consumption, IETOE, in kilowatt-hours
(kJ) per year and defined as:
IETOE = EASO + EAAS + EOTLP + (EOF × NOG),
Where:
*
4.1.4 Conventional oven energy factor
and integrated energy factor.
4.1.4.1 Conventional oven energy factor.
Calculate the energy factor, or the ratio of
useful cooking energy output to the total
energy input, RO, using the following
equations:
ER31OC12.009</GPH>
average annual self-cleaning energy
consumption,
Where:
n = number of self-cleaning conventional
ovens in the basic model.
ESC = annual primary self-cleaning energy
consumption as determined according to
section 4.1.2.2.1 of this appendix.
EOTLP = annual combined low-power mode
energy consumption for the cooking
appliance as determined in section
4.1.2.3 of this appendix.
EOF = fan-only mode energy consumption as
measured in section 3.2.1.2 of this
appendix.
NOE = representative number of annual
conventional electric oven cooking
cycles per year, which is equal to 219
cycles for a conventional electric oven
without self-clean capability and 204
cycles for a conventional electric oven
with self-clean capability.
4.1.2.5.3 Conventional gas oven energy
consumption. Calculate the total annual gas
energy consumption, ETOG, in Btus (kJ) per
year and defined as:
ETOG = EACO + EASC,
Where:
EACO = average annual primary energy
consumption for cooking in Btus (kJ) per
year and is calculated as:
is the average annual secondary energy
consumption for cooking,
Where:
n = number of conventional ovens in the
basic model.
ESO = annual secondary energy consumption
for cooking of gas ovens as determined
in section 4.1.2.1.2 of this appendix.
*
ER31OC12.007</GPH> ER31OC12.008</GPH>
is the average annual primary energy
consumption for cooking, and where:
n = number of conventional ovens in the
basic model.
ECO = annual primary energy consumption
for cooking as determined in section
4.1.2.1.1 of this appendix.
Where:
n = number of self-cleaning conventional
ovens in the basic model.
ESC = annual primary self-cleaning energy
consumption as determined according to
section 4.1.2.2.1 of this appendix.
If the oven also uses electrical energy,
calculate the total annual electrical energy
consumption, ETOE, in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per
year and defined as:
ETOE = EASO + EAAS,
Where:
ESS = annual secondary self-cleaning energy
consumption of gas ovens as determined
in section 4.1.2.2.2 of this appendix.
EOTLP = annual combined low-power mode
energy consumption as determined in
section 4.1.2.3 of this appendix.
EOF= fan-only mode energy consumption as
measured in section 3.2.1.2 of this
appendix.
NOG = representative number of annual
conventional gas oven cooking cycles per
year, which is equal to 183 cycles for a
conventional gas oven without self-clean
capability and 197 cycles for a
conventional gas oven with self-clean
capability.
ER31OC12.006</GPH>
4.1.2.5.2 Conventional electric oven
integrated energy consumption. Calculate the
total integrated annual energy consumption,
IETO, in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and
defined as:
IETO = EACO + EASC + EOTLP + (EOF × NOE),
Where:
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For gas ovens:
Where:
OO = 88.8 kBtu (93,684 kJ) per year, annual
useful cooking energy output.
EAOG = total annual gas energy consumption
for conventional gas ovens as determined
in section 4.1.2.4.3 of this appendix.
IEAOE = total integrated annual electrical
energy consumption for conventional gas
ovens as determined in section 4.1.2.4.3
of this appendix.
Ke = 3,412 Btu/kWh (3,600 kJ/kWh),
conversion factor for kilowatt-hours to
Btus.
Where:
W = measured weight of test block, W2 or W3,
expressed in pounds (kg).
Cp = 0.23 Btu/lb-°F (0.96 kJ/kg ÷ °C), specific
heat of test block.
TSU = temperature rise of the test block: final
test block temperature, TCT, as
determined in section 3.2.2 of this
appendix, minus the initial test block
temperature, TI, expressed in °F (°C) as
determined in section 2.7.5 of this
appendix.
Ke = 3.412 Btu/Wh (3.6 kJ/Wh), conversion
factor of watt-hours to Btus.
ECT = measured energy consumption, as
determined according to section 3.2.2.1
*
*
*
*
4.2.2.1 Conventional electric cooking top.
4.2.2.1.1 Annual energy consumption of a
conventional electric cooking top. Calculate
the annual electrical energy consumption of
an electric cooking top, ECA, in kilowatthours (kJ) per year, defined as:
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Jkt 229001
*
Where:
OCT = 173.1 kWh (623,160 kJ) per year,
annual useful cooking energy output.
EffCT = conventional cooking top cooking
efficiency as defined in section 4.2.1.3 of
this appendix.
4.2.2.1.2 Integrated annual energy
consumption of a conventional electric
cooking top. Calculate the total integrated
annual electrical energy consumption of an
electric cooking top, IECA, in kilowatt-hours
(kJ) per year, defined as:
Where:
OCT = 173.1 kWh (623,160 kJ) per year,
annual useful cooking energy output.
EffCT = conventional cooking top cooking
efficiency as defined in section 4.2.1.3 of
this appendix.
ECTLP = conventional cooking top combined
low-power mode energy consumption =
[(PIA × SIA) + (POM × SOM)] × K,
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Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
of this appendix, expressed in watthours (kJ).
4.2.1.2 Gas surface unit cooking
efficiency. Calculate the cooking efficiency,
EffSU, of the gas surface unit under test,
defined as:
Where:
PIA = conventional cooking top inactive
mode power, in watts, as measured in
section 3.1.2.1.1 of this appendix.
POM = conventional cooking top off mode
power, in watts, as measured in section
3.1.2.1.2 of this appendix.
If the conventional cooking top has both
inactive mode and off mode annual
hours, SIA and SOM both equal 4273.4;
If the conventional cooking top has an
inactive mode but no off mode, the
inactive mode annual hours, SIA, is equal
to 8546.9, and the off mode annual
hours, SOM, is equal to 0;
If the conventional cooking top has an off
mode but no inactive mode, SIA is equal
to 0, and SOM is equal to 8546.9;
K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for
watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.
4.2.2.2.2 Total integrated annual energy
consumption of a conventional gas cooking
top. Calculate the total integrated annual
energy consumption of a conventional gas
cooking top, IECA, in Btus (kJ) per year,
defined as:
IECA = ECC + ECTSO,
Where:
ECC = energy consumption for cooking as
determined in section 4.2.2.2.1 of this
appendix.
E:\FR\FM\31OCR2.SGM
31OCR2
ER31OC12.021</GPH>
*
ER31OC12.020</GPH>
*
ER31OC12.018</GPH> ER31OC12.019</GPH>
srobinson on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with
*
*
ER31OC12.017</GPH>
Where:
W3 = measured weight of test block as
measured in section 3.3.2 of this
appendix, expressed in pounds (kg).
Cp and TSU are the same as defined in section
4.2.1.1 of this appendix.
and,
E = VCT + (EIC × Ke),
Where:
VCT = total gas consumption in standard
cubic feet (L) for the gas surface unit test
as measured in section 3.2.2.1 of this
appendix.
EIC = electrical energy consumed in watthours (kJ) by an ignition device of a gas
surface unit as measured in section
3.2.2.1 of this appendix.
Ke = 3.412 Btu/Wh (3.6 kJ/Wh), conversion
factor of watt-hours to Btus.
*
4.2.1.1 Electric surface unit cooking
efficiency. Calculate the cooking efficiency,
EffSU, of the electric surface unit under test,
defined as:
Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 211 / Wednesday, October 31, 2012 / Rules and Regulations
srobinson on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with
Where:
OCT = 527.6 kBtu (556,618 kJ) per year,
annual useful cooking energy output of
cooking top.
IECA = total annual integrated energy
consumption of cooking top determined
according to section 4.2.2.1.2 of this
appendix.
For gas cooking tops,
Where:
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Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
energy factor of a combined component is the
sum of the annual useful cooking energy
output of each component divided by the
sum of the total annual energy consumption
of each component. The integrated energy
factor of other combinations of ovens and
cooktops is the sum of the annual useful
cooking energy output of each component
divided by the sum of the total integrated
annual energy consumption of each
component.
12. Appendix X to subpart B of part
430 is amended by adding a Note after
the appendix heading to read as follows:
■
Appendix X to Subpart B of Part 430—
Uniform Test Method for Measuring the
Energy Consumption of Dehumidifiers
Note: Prior to the compliance date for any
amended energy conservation standards that
incorporate standby mode and off mode
energy consumption, manufacturers may use
either Appendix X or Appendix X1 to certify
compliance with existing DOE energy
conservation standards and to make any
representations related to energy
consumption of dehumidifiers, with the
following exception. If the compliance date
is after April 29, 2013, manufacturers that
make representations related to standby
mode and off mode energy consumption
must use Appendix X1 for any
representations made after April 29, 2013 of
the energy consumption of these products,
consistent with the requirements of 42 U.S.C.
6293(c)(2).
After the compliance date for any amended
energy conservation standards that
incorporate standby mode and off mode
energy consumption, all dehumidifiers shall
be tested using the provisions of Appendix
X1 to certify compliance with amended
energy conservation standards and to make
any representations related to energy
consumption, with the following exception.
If the compliance date is before April 29,
2013, manufacturers may use Appendix X for
any representations until April 29, 2013 of
energy consumption of these products,
consistent with the requirements of 42 U.S.C.
6293(c)(2).
*
*
*
*
*
13. Add Appendix X1 to subpart B of
part 430 to read as follows:
■
Appendix X1 to Subpart B of Part 430–
Uniform Test Method for Measuring the
Energy Consumption of Dehumidifiers
Note: Prior to the compliance date for any
amended energy conservation standards that
incorporate standby mode and off mode
energy consumption, manufacturers may use
either Appendix X or Appendix X1 to certify
compliance with existing DOE energy
conservation standards and to make any
representations related to energy
consumption of dehumidifiers, with the
following exception. If the compliance date
is after April 29, 2013, manufacturers that
make representations related to standby
mode and off mode energy consumption
must use Appendix X1 for any
representations made after April 29, 2013 of
E:\FR\FM\31OCR2.SGM
31OCR2
ER31OC12.023</GPH> ER31OC12.024</GPH>
Where:
OCT = 527.6 kBtu (556,618 kJ) per year,
annual useful cooking energy output of
cooking top.
ECC = energy consumption for cooking as
determined in section 4.2.2.2.1 of this
appendix.
4.2.3.2 Conventional cooking top
integrated energy factor. Calculate the
integrated energy factor or ratio of useful
cooking energy output for cooking to the total
integrated energy input, IRCT, as follows:
For electric cooking tops,
OCT = 527.6 kBtu (556,618 kJ) per year,
annual useful cooking energy output of
cooking top.
IECA = total integrated annual energy
consumption of cooking top determined
according to section 4.2.2.2.2 of this
appendix.
4.3 Combined components. The annual
energy consumption of a kitchen range (e.g.,
a cooking top and oven combined) shall be
the sum of the annual energy consumption of
each of its components. The integrated
annual energy consumption of a kitchen
range shall be the sum of the annual energy
consumption of each of its components plus
the total annual fan-only mode energy
consumption for the oven component, ETOF,
defined as:
ETOF = EOF × NR,
Where:
EOF = conventional oven fan-only mode
energy consumption, in kilowatt-hours,
as measured in section 3.2.1.2 of this
appendix.
NR = representative number of annual
conventional oven cooking cycles per
year, which is equal to 219 cycles for a
conventional electric oven without selfclean capability, 204 cycles for a
conventional electric oven with selfclean capability, 183 cycles for a
conventional gas oven without self-clean
capability, and 197 cycles for a
conventional gas oven with self-clean
capability.
plus the conventional range integrated
annual combined low-power mode energy
consumption, ERTLP, defined as:
ERTLP = [(PIA × SIA) + (POM × SOM)] × K
Where:
PIA = conventional range inactive mode
power, in watts, as measured in section
3.1.3.1 of this appendix.
POM = conventional range off mode power, in
watts, as measured in section 3.1.3.2 of
this appendix.
STOT equals the total number of inactive
mode and off mode hours per year;
If the conventional oven component of the
conventional range has fan-only mode,
STOT equals (8,329.2 ¥ (tOF/60)) hours,
where tOF is the conventional oven fanonly mode duration, in minutes, as
measured in section 3.2.1.2 of this
appendix, and 60 is the conversion factor
for minutes to hours; otherwise, STOT is
equal to 8,329.2 hours.
If the conventional range has both inactive
mode and off mode, SIA and SOM both
equal STOT/2;
If the conventional range has an inactive
mode but no off mode, the inactive mode
annual hours, SIA, is equal to STOT, and
the off mode annual hours, SOM, is equal
to 0;
If the conventional range has an off mode but
no inactive mode, SIA is equal to 0, and
SOM is equal to STOT;
K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for
watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.
The annual energy consumption for other
combinations of ovens and cooktops will also
be treated as the sum of the annual energy
consumption of each of its components. The
ER31OC12.022</GPH>
ECTSO = conventional cooking top combined
low-power mode energy consumption =
[(PIA × SIA) + (POM × SOM)] × K,
Where:
PIA = conventional cooking top inactive
mode power, in watts, as measured in section
3.1.2.1.1 of this appendix.
POM = conventional cooking top off mode
power, in watts, as measured in section
3.1.2.1.2 of this appendix.
If the conventional cooking top has both
inactive mode and off mode annual
hours, SIA and SOM both equal 4273.4;
If the conventional cooking top has an
inactive mode but no off mode, the
inactive mode annual hours, SIA, is equal
to 8546.9, and the off mode annual
hours, SOM, is equal to 0;
If the conventional cooking top has an off
mode but no inactive mode, SIA is equal
to 0, and SOM is equal to 8546.9;
K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for
watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.
4.2.3 Conventional cooking top energy
factor and integrated energy factor.
4.2.3.1 Conventional cooking top energy
factor. Calculate the energy factor or ratio of
useful cooking energy output for cooking to
the total energy input, RCT, as follows:
For an electric cooking top, the energy
factor is the same as the cooking efficiency
as determined according to section 4.2.1.3 of
this appendix.
For gas cooking tops,
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Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 211 / Wednesday, October 31, 2012 / Rules and Regulations
the energy consumption of these products,
consistent with the requirements of 42 U.S.C.
6293(c)(2).
After the compliance date for any amended
energy conservation standards that
incorporate standby mode and off mode
energy consumption, all dehumidifiers shall
be tested using the provisions of Appendix
X1 to certify compliance with amended
energy conservation standards and to make
any representations related to energy
consumption, with the following exception.
If the compliance date is before April 29,
2013, manufacturers may use Appendix X for
any representations until April 29, 2013 of
energy consumption of these products,
consistent with the requirements of 42 U.S.C.
6293(c)(2).
1. Scope
This appendix covers the test requirements
used to measure the energy performance of
dehumidifiers.
srobinson on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with
2. Definitions
2.1 ANSI/AHAM DH–1 means the test
standard published by the American National
Standards Institute and the Association of
Home Appliance Manufacturers, titled
‘‘Dehumidifiers,’’ ANSI/AHAM DH–1–2008,
(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3).
2.2 Active mode means a mode in which
a dehumidifier is connected to a mains
power source, has been activated, and is
performing the main functions of removing
moisture from air by drawing moist air over
a refrigerated coil using a fan, or circulating
air through activation of the fan without
activation of the refrigeration system.
2.3 Combined low-power mode means the
aggregate of available modes other than
active mode.
2.4 Energy factor for dehumidifiers means
a measure of energy efficiency of a
dehumidifier calculated by dividing the
water removed from the air by the energy
consumed, measured in liters per kilowatthour (L/kWh).
2.5 IEC 62301 means the test standard
published by the International
Electrotechnical Commission, titled
‘‘Household electrical appliances—
Measurement of standby power,’’ Publication
62301 (Edition 2.0 2011–01) (incorporated by
reference; see § 430.3).
2.6 Inactive mode means a standby mode
that facilitates the activation of active mode
by remote switch (including remote control),
internal sensor, or timer, or that provides
continuous status display.
2.7 Off mode means a mode in which the
dehumidifier is connected to a mains power
source and is not providing any active mode
or standby mode function, and where the
mode may persist for an indefinite time. An
indicator that only shows the user that the
dehumidifier is in the off position is
included within the classification of an off
mode.
2.8 Off-cycle mode means a standby
mode in which the dehumidifier:
(1) Has cycled off its main function by
humidistat or humidity sensor;
(2) Does not have its fan or blower
operating; and
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(3) Will reactivate the main function
according to the humidistat or humidity
sensor signal.
2.9 Product capacity for dehumidifiers
means a measure of the ability of the
dehumidifier to remove moisture from its
surrounding atmosphere, measured in pints
collected per 24 hours of continuous
operation.
2.10 Standby mode means any modes
where the dehumidifier is connected to a
mains power source and offers one or more
of the following user-oriented or protective
functions which may persist for an indefinite
time:
(1) To facilitate the activation of other
modes (including activation or deactivation
of active mode) by remote switch (including
remote control), internal sensor, or timer;
(2) Continuous functions, including
information or status displays (including
clocks) or sensor-based functions. A timer is
a continuous clock function (which may or
may not be associated with a display) that
provides regular scheduled tasks (e.g.,
switching) and that operates on a continuous
basis.
3. Test Apparatus and General Instructions
3.1 Active mode. The test apparatus and
instructions for testing dehumidifiers shall
conform to the requirements specified in
Section 3, ‘‘Definitions,’’ Section 4,
‘‘Instrumentation,’’ and Section 5, ‘‘Test
Procedure,’’ of ANSI/AHAM DH–1
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.3).
Record measurements at the resolution of the
test instrumentation. Round off calculations
to the same number of significant digits as
the previous step. Round the final minimum
energy factor value to two decimal places as
follows:
(i) A fractional number at or above the
midpoint between two consecutive decimal
places shall be rounded up to the higher of
the two decimal places; or
(ii) A fractional number below the
midpoint between two consecutive decimal
places shall be rounded down to the lower
of the two decimal places.
3.2 Standby mode and off mode.
3.2.1 Installation requirements. For the
standby mode and off mode testing, the
dehumidifier shall be installed in accordance
with Section 5, Paragraph 5.2 of IEC 62301
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.3),
disregarding the provisions regarding
batteries and the determination,
classification, and testing of relevant modes.
3.2.2 Electrical energy supply.
3.2.2.1 Electrical supply. For the standby
mode and off mode testing, maintain the
electrical supply voltage and frequency
indicated in Section 7.1.3, ‘‘Standard Test
Voltage,’’ of ANSI/AHAM DH–1,
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.3). The
electrical supply frequency shall be
maintained ±1 percent.
3.2.2.2 Supply voltage waveform. For the
standby mode and off mode testing, maintain
the electrical supply voltage waveform
indicated in Section 4, Paragraph 4.3.2 of IEC
62301, (incorporated by reference; see
§ 430.3).
3.2.3 Standby mode and off mode watt
meter. The watt meter used to measure
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Sfmt 4700
standby mode and off mode power
consumption shall meet the requirements
specified in Section 4, Paragraph 4.4 of IEC
62301 (incorporated by reference, see
§ 430.3).
3.2.4 Standby mode and off mode
ambient temperature. For standby mode and
off mode testing, maintain room ambient air
temperature conditions as specified in
Section 4, Paragraph 4.2 of IEC 62301
(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3).
4. Test Measurement
4.1 Active mode. Measure the energy
factor for dehumidifiers, expressed in liters
per kilowatt hour (L/kWh) and product
capacity in pints per day (pints/day), in
accordance with the test requirements
specified in Section 7, ‘‘Capacity Test and
Energy Consumption Test,’’ of ANSI/AHAM
DH–1 (incorporated by reference, see
§ 430.3).
4.2 Standby mode and off mode.
Establish the testing conditions set forth in
section 3.2 of this appendix, ensuring that
the dehumidifier does not enter active mode
during the test. For dehumidifiers that take
some time to enter a stable state from a
higher power state as discussed in Section 5,
Paragraph 5.1, Note 1 of IEC 62301,
(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3),
allow sufficient time for the dehumidifier to
reach the lower power state before
proceeding with the test measurement.
Follow the test procedure specified in
Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC 62301 for
testing in each possible mode as described in
sections 4.2.1 and 4.2.2 of this appendix.
4.2.1 If the dehumidifier has an inactive
mode, as defined in section 2.6 of this
appendix, but not an off mode, as defined in
section 2.7 of this appendix, measure and
record the average inactive mode power of
the dehumidifier, PIA, in watts. Otherwise, if
the dehumidifier has an off mode, as defined
in section 2.7 of this appendix, measure and
record the average off mode power of the
dehumidifier, POM, in watts.
4.2.2 If the dehumidifier has an off-cycle
mode, as defined in section 2.8 of this
appendix, measure and record the average
off-cycle mode power of the dehumidifier,
POC, in watts.
5. Calculation of Derived Results From Test
Measurements
5.1 Annual combined low-power mode
energy consumption. Calculate the annual
combined low-power mode energy
consumption for dehumidifiers, ETLP,
expressed in kilowatt-hours per year,
according to the following:
ETLP = [(PIO × SIO) + (POC × SOC)] × K
Where:
PIO = PIA, dehumidifier inactive mode power,
or POM, dehumidifier off mode power, in
watts, as measured in section 4.2.1 of
this appendix.
POC = dehumidifier off-cycle mode power, in
watts, as measured in section 4.2.2 of
this appendix.
SIO = 1840,5 dehumidifier inactive mode or
off mode annual hours.
SOC = 1840,5 dehumidifier off-cycle mode
annual hours.
E:\FR\FM\31OCR2.SGM
31OCR2
Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 211 / Wednesday, October 31, 2012 / Rules and Regulations
srobinson on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with
K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for
watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.
5.2 Integrated energy factor. Calculate the
integrated energy factor, IEF, expressed in
liters per kilowatt-hour, rounded to two
decimal places, according to the following:
IEF = LW/(Eactive + ((ETLP × 24)/Sactive))
Where:
VerDate Mar<15>2010
18:00 Oct 30, 2012
Jkt 229001
LW = water removed from the air during
dehumidifier energy factor test, in liters,
as measured in section 4.1 of this
appendix.
Eactive = dehumidifier energy factor test
energy consumption, in kilowatt-hours,
as measured in section 4.1 of this
appendix.
PO 00000
ETLP = standby mode and off mode annual
energy consumption, in kilowatt-hours
per year, as calculated in section 5.1 of
this appendix.
24 = hours per day.
Sactive = 1,095, dehumidifier active mode
annual hours.
[FR Doc. 2012–25645 Filed 10–30–12; 8:45 a.m.]
BILLING CODE 6450–01–P
Frm 00057
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 9990
65997
E:\FR\FM\31OCR2.SGM
31OCR2
]]>Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 77, Number 211 (Wednesday, October 31, 2012)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 65941-65997]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2012-25645]
[[Page 65941]]
Vol. 77
Wednesday,
No. 211
October 31, 2012
Part II
Department of Energy
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
10 CFR Parts 429 and 430
Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedures for Residential
Dishwashers, Dehumidifiers, and Conventional Cooking Products; Final
Rule
Federal Register / Vol. 77 , No. 211 / Wednesday, October 31, 2012 /
Rules and Regulations
[[Page 65942]]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
10 CFR Parts 429 and 430
[Docket No. EERE-2010-BT-TP-0039]
RIN 1904-AC01
Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedures for Residential
Dishwashers, Dehumidifiers, and Conventional Cooking Products
AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of
Energy.
ACTION: Final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) establishes new test
procedures for residential dishwashers and dehumidifiers, and amends
the currently applicable test procedure for conventional cooking
products under the Energy Policy and Conservation Act. The new test
procedures include provisions for measuring standby mode and off mode
energy consumption, and update the provisions for measuring active mode
energy consumption and, for dishwashers, water consumption. This final
rule also amends the certification, compliance, and enforcement
requirements for dishwashers, dehumidifiers and conventional cooking
products, amends certain provisions in the currently applicable
dishwasher test procedure, and eliminates an obsolete energy efficiency
metric in the dishwasher test procedure and provisions in the cooking
products test procedure that have become obsolete due to the
elimination of standing pilot lights.
DATES: Effective date: The effective date of this rule is December 17,
2012.
Compliance Dates: The new test procedures for dishwashers and
dehumidifiers and the final rule changes to the currently applicable
test procedure for conventional cooking products will be mandatory to
demonstrate compliance with the applicable energy conservation
standards starting on the compliance date of any amended standards for
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products. For
dishwashers, this date will be May 30, 2013, the compliance date of the
direct final rule published on May 30, 2012, unless the direct final
rule is withdrawn as a result of adverse comment. Use of the
replacement items for obsolete dishware, flatware, and food items in
the currently applicable dishwasher test procedure will be required on
December 17, 2012. Voluntary early use of the new dishwasher and
dehumidifier test procedures and the final rule changes to the
currently applicable test procedure for conventional cooking products
to demonstrate compliance with applicable energy conservation standards
or for representations of energy use (including the new standby mode
and off mode provisions) is permissible on or after December 17, 2012.
The incorporation by reference of certain publications listed in
this rulemaking is approved by the Director of the Office of the
Federal Register as of December 17, 2012.
ADDRESSES: The docket is available for review at regulations.gov,
including Federal Register notices, framework documents, public meeting
attendee lists and transcripts, comments, and other supporting
documents/materials. All documents in the docket are listed in the
regulations.gov index. However, not all documents listed in the index
may be publicly available, such as information that is exempt from
public disclosure. The docket Web page can be found at:
www.regulations.gov/#!docketDetail;rpp=10;po=0;D=EERE-2010-BT-TP-0039.
This Web page will contain a link to the docket for this notice on the
regulations.gov site. The regulations.gov Web page will contain simple
instructions on how to access all documents, including public comments,
in the docket.
For further information on how to review the docket, contact Ms.
Brenda Edwards at (202) 586-2945 or by email:
Brenda.Edwards@ee.doe.gov.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. Wes Anderson, U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building
Technologies Program, EE-2J, 1000 Independence Avenue SW., Washington,
DC, 20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 586-7335. Email:
Wes.Anderson@ee.doe.gov.
Ms. Elizabeth Kohl, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of the
General Counsel, GC-71, 1000 Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC,
20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 586-7796. Email:
Elizabeth.Kohl@hq.doe.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This final rule incorporates by reference
into parts 429 and 430 the following industry standards:
(1) ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010, American National Standard, ``Household
Electric Dishwashers.''
(2) ANSI/AHAM DH-1-2008. American National Standard,
``Dehumidifiers.''
Copies of AHAM standards can be obtained from the Association of
Home Appliance Manufacturers, 1111 19th Street NW., Suite 402,
Washington DC 20036, 202 872-5955, or www.aham.org.
Table of Contents
I. Authority and Background
A. General Test Procedure Rulemaking Process
B. Summary of Current Test Procedures
1. Dishwashers
2. Dehumidifiers
3. Conventional Cooking Products
C. Summary of the Current Rulemaking
1. The December 2010 NOPR
2. The September 2011 SNOPR
3. The May 2012 SNOPR
4. The August 2012 SNOPR
II. Summary of the Final Rule
III. Discussion
A. Products Covered by the Proposed Test Procedure Amendments
B. Compliance Date
C. Incorporation of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) for
Measuring Standby Mode and Off Mode Power Consumption
D. Determination and Classification of Operational Modes
1. Active Mode, Standby Mode, and Off Mode
2. Additional Product-Specific Modes
3. Network Mode
4. Disconnected Mode
E. Specifications for the Test Methods and Measurements for
Standby Mode and Off Mode Testing
1. Ambient Conditions, Including for Active Mode
2. Installation and Power Supply Requirements
3. Standby Mode and Off Mode Testing Methodology
F. Calculation of Energy Use Associated With Operational Modes
1. Standby Mode and Off Mode
2. Fan-Only Mode
3. Dishwasher Water Softener Regeneration
G. Measures of Energy Consumption
1. Dishwashers
2. Dehumidifiers
3. Conventional Cooking Products
H. Dishwasher Test Procedure Clarifications
1. Energy Test Cycle Selection and Normal Cycle Definition
2. Preconditioning
3. Detergent
4. Power Supply Requirements
5. Updated Industry Standard
6. Water Pressure
7. Water Hardness
8. Drain Height
9. Test Load Specifications and Soiling Requirements, Including
Obsolete Dishware and Food Items
10. Rack Position and Loading
11. Rinse Aid Container
12. Technical Corrections
I. Incorporation by Reference of an Updated AHAM Dehumidifier
Test Procedure
J. Removal of Obsolete Measures of Gas Pilot Light Energy
Consumption in the Conventional Cooking Products Test Procedure and
of Energy Factor Calculations for Dishwashers
K. Compliance With Other EPCA Requirements
[[Page 65943]]
1. Test Burden
2. Certification Requirements
IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review
A. Review Under Executive Order 12866
B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act
C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
D. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969
E. Review Under Executive Order 13132
F. Review Under Executive Order 12988
G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
H. Review Under the Treasury and General Government
Appropriations Act, 1999
I. Review Under Executive Order 12630
J. Review Under Treasury and General Government Appropriations
Act, 2001
K. Review Under Executive Order 13211
L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration
Act of 1974
M. Congressional Notification
V. Approval of the Office of the Secretary
I. Authority and Background
Title III of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C.
6291, et seq.; ``EPCA'' or, ``the Act'') sets forth a variety of
provisions designed to improve energy efficiency. (All references to
EPCA refer to the statute as amended through the Energy Independence
and Security Act of 2007 (EISA 2007), Public Law 110-140 (Dec. 19,
2007)). Part B of title III, which for editorial reasons was
redesignated as Part A upon incorporation into the U.S. Code (42 U.S.C.
6291-6309), establishes the ``Energy Conservation Program for Consumer
Products Other Than Automobiles.'' These include residential
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products,\1\ the
subject of today's final rule. (42 U.S.C. 6292(a)(6) and (10);
6295(cc))
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The term ``conventional cooking products,'' as used in this
notice, refers to residential electric and gas kitchen ovens,
ranges, and cooktops (other than microwave ovens).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under EPCA, this program consists essentially of four parts: (1)
Testing, (2) labeling, (3) Federal energy conservation standards, and
(4) certification and enforcement procedures. The testing requirements
consist of test procedures that manufacturers of covered products must
use as the basis for certifying to DOE that their products comply with
the applicable energy conservation standards adopted under EPCA, and
for making representations about the efficiency of those products.
Similarly, DOE must use these test requirements to determine whether
the products comply with any relevant standards promulgated under EPCA.
A. General Test Procedure Rulemaking Process
Under 42 U.S.C. 6293, EPCA sets forth the criteria and procedures
DOE must follow when prescribing or amending test procedures for
covered products. EPCA provides that any test procedures prescribed or
amended under this section shall be reasonably designed to produce test
results which measure energy efficiency, energy use or estimated annual
operating cost of a covered product during a representative average use
cycle or period of use and shall not be unduly burdensome to conduct.
(42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3))
In addition, if DOE determines that a test procedure amendment is
warranted, it must publish proposed test procedures and offer the
public an opportunity to present oral and written comments on them. (42
U.S.C. 6293(b)(2)) Finally, in any rulemaking to amend a test
procedure, DOE must determine to what extent, if any, the proposed test
procedure would alter the measured energy efficiency of any covered
product as determined under the existing test procedure. (42 U.S.C.
6293(e))
EPCA, in relevant part, requires DOE to amend the test procedures
for all residential covered products to include measures of standby
mode and off mode energy consumption. Specifically, EPCA provides
definitions of ``standby mode'' and ``off mode'' (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(1)(A)) and permits DOE to amend these definitions in the
context of a given product (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(B)). The statute
requires integration of such energy consumption into the overall energy
efficiency, energy consumption, or other energy descriptor for each
covered product, unless the Secretary determines that--
(i) The current test procedures for a covered product already fully
account for and incorporate the standby mode and off mode energy
consumption of the covered product; or
(ii) such an integrated test procedure is technically infeasible
for a particular covered product, in which case the Secretary shall
prescribe a separate standby mode and off mode energy use test
procedure for the covered product, if technically feasible. (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(2)(A))
Any such amendment must consider the most current versions of IEC
Standard 62301, ``Household electrical appliances--Measurement of
standby power,'' and IEC Standard 62087, ``Methods of measurement for
the power consumption of audio, video, and related equipment.'' \2\ Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ DOE also considered IEC Standard 62087, which addresses the
methods of measuring the power consumption of audio, video, and
related equipment and is therefore not applicable to the products at
issue in this rulemaking.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
B. Summary of Current Test Procedures
1. Dishwashers
DOE's test procedure for dishwashers is found in the Code of
Federal Regulations (CFR) at 10 CFR part 430, subpart B, appendix C.
DOE originally established its test procedure for dishwashers in 1977.
42 FR 39964 (Aug. 8, 1977). Since that time, the dishwasher test
procedure has undergone a number of amendments, as discussed below. In
1983, DOE amended the test procedure to revise the representative
average-use cycles to more accurately reflect consumer use and to
address dishwashers that use 120 degrees Fahrenheit ([deg]F) inlet
water. 48 FR 9202 (Mar. 3, 1983). DOE amended the test procedure again
in 1984 to redefine the term ``water heating dishwasher.'' 49 FR 46533
(Nov. 27, 1984). In 1987, DOE amended the test procedure to address
models that use 50[emsp14][deg]F inlet water. 52 FR 47549 (Dec. 15,
1987). In 2001, DOE revised the test procedure's testing specifications
to improve testing repeatability, changed the definitions of ``compact
dishwasher'' and ``standard dishwasher,'' and reduced the average
number of use cycles per year from 322 to 264. 66 FR 65091, 65095-97
(Dec. 18, 2001). In 2003, DOE again revised the test procedure to more
accurately measure dishwasher efficiency, energy use, and water use.
The 2003 dishwasher test procedure amendments included the following
revisions: (1) The addition of a method to rate the efficiency of soil-
sensing products; (2) the addition of a method to measure standby
power; and (3) a reduction in the average-use cycles per year from 264
to 215. 68 FR 51887, 51899-903 (Aug. 29, 2003). The current version of
the test procedure includes provisions for determining estimated annual
energy use (EAEU), estimated annual operating cost (EAOC), energy
factor (EF) expressed in cycles per kilowatt-hour (kWh), and water
consumption expressed in gallons per cycle. 10 CFR 430.23(c).
2. Dehumidifiers
The DOE test procedure for dehumidifiers is found at 10 CFR part
430, subpart B, appendix X. EPCA specifies that the dehumidifier test
procedure must be based on the U.S.
[[Page 65944]]
Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) test criteria used under the
ENERGY STAR \3\ program unless revised by DOE. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(13))
The ENERGY STAR test criteria effective in January 2001 require that
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/Association of Home
Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM) Standard DH-1, ``Dehumidifiers,'' be
used to measure capacity and that the Canadian Standards Association
(CAN/CSA) standard CAN/CSA-C749-1994 (R2005), ``Performance of
Dehumidifiers,'' be used to calculate EF. DOE adopted those test
criteria, along with related definitions and tolerances, as its test
procedure for dehumidifiers. 71 FR 71340, 71347, 71366-68 (Dec. 8,
2006). The DOE test procedure provides methods for determining the EF
for dehumidifiers, which is expressed in liters (l) of water condensed
per kWh.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ For more information on the ENERGY STAR program, see:
www.energystar.gov.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Conventional Cooking Products
DOE's test procedures for conventional ranges, cooktops, and ovens
(including microwave ovens) are found at 10 CFR 430, subpart B,
appendix I. DOE first established the test procedures included in
appendix I in a final rule published in the Federal Register on May 10,
1978. 43 FR 20108, 20120-28. DOE revised its test procedure for cooking
products to more accurately measure their efficiency and energy use,
and published the revisions as a final rule in 1997. 62 FR 51976 (Oct.
3, 1997). These test procedure amendments included: (1) A reduction in
the annual useful cooking energy; (2) a reduction in the number of
self-cleaning oven cycles per year; and (3) incorporation of portions
of IEC Standard 705-1988, ``Methods for measuring the performance of
microwave ovens for household and similar purposes,'' and Amendment 2-
1993 for the testing of microwave ovens. Id. The test procedure for
conventional cooking products establishes provisions for determining
EAOC, cooking efficiency (defined as the ratio of cooking energy output
to cooking energy input), and EF (defined as the ratio of annual useful
cooking energy output to total annual energy input). 10 CFR 430.23(i);
10 CFR 430 subpart B, appendix I. There is currently no EnergyGuide \4\
labeling program for cooking products.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\4\ For more information on the EnergyGuide labeling program,
see: www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_00/16cfr305_00.html.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
With respect to today's rulemaking, DOE issues a final rule
amending its cooking products test procedure for conventional cooking
products without addressing power consumption for microwave ovens. DOE
is considering establishing a test procedure for active mode microwave
oven energy use. (77 FR 33106 (June 5, 2012)) \5\ DOE has also
initiated a separate test procedure rulemaking to address standby mode
and off mode power consumption for microwave ovens. See 73 FR 62134
(Oct. 17, 2008); 75 FR 42612 (July 22, 2010); 76 FR 12825 (March 9,
2011) (hereafter referred to as the March 2011 Interim Final Rule). 76
FR 72332 (Nov. 23, 2011); 77 FR 28805 (May 16, 2012).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\5\ DOE repealed its previous test procedure to measure the
active mode energy use for microwave ovens after determining that
the procedure did not procedure accurate and repeatable results. 75
FR 42579 (July 22, 2010).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
C. Summary of the Current Rulemaking
1. The December 2010 NOPR
On December 2, 2010, DOE published a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
(NOPR) (hereafter referred to as the December 2010 NOPR) in which it
proposed to incorporate by reference into the test procedures for
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products specific
provisions from IEC Standard 62301 ``Household electrical appliances--
Measurement of standby power,'' First Edition 2005-06 (IEC Standard
62301 (First Edition) or ``First Edition'') regarding test conditions
and test procedures for measuring standby mode and off mode power
consumption. 75 FR 75290, 75295-97. DOE also proposed to incorporate
into each test procedure definitions of ``active mode,'' ``standby
mode,'' and ``off mode'' based on the definitions for those terms
provided in the most current draft of an updated version of IEC
Standard 62301. Id. at 75297-300. Further, DOE proposed to include in
each test procedure additional language that would clarify the
application of clauses from IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition) for
measuring standby mode and off mode power consumption.\6\ Id. at 75300-
04. DOE held a public meeting on December 17, 2010 (hereafter referred
to as the NOPR Public Meeting) to receive comments on the December 2010
NOPR, and accepted written comments, data, and information until
February 15, 2011. Commenters to the December 2010 NOPR suggested that
the draft updated version of IEC Standard 62301 would provide practical
improvement to the mode definitions and testing methodology for the
test procedures that are the subject of this rulemaking.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\6\ EISA 2007 directs DOE to also consider IEC Standard 62087
when amending its test procedure to include standby mode and off
mode energy consumption. See 42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A). DOE
considered IEC Standard 62087 and determined that the standard
addresses the methods of measuring the power consumption of audio,
video, and related equipment and is therefore not applicable to the
products addressed in today's proposal.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. The September 2011 Supplemental Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
(SNOPR)
The IEC adopted and published IEC Standard 62301, ``Household
electrical appliances--Measurement of standby power,'' Edition 2.0
2011-01 (IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) or ``Second Edition'') on
January 27, 2011. DOE reviewed this latest version of the IEC standard
and determined that it improves some measurements of standby mode and
off mode energy use. Accordingly, DOE proposed in an SNOPR published in
the Federal Register on September 20, 2011 (76 FR 58346) (hereafter
referred to as the September 2011 SNOPR), to incorporate certain
provisions of the IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition), along with
clarifying language, into the DOE test procedures for residential
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products. Other
than the specific amendments proposed in the September 2011 SNOPR, the
test procedure amendments in the December 2010 NOPR were not affected.
3. The May 2012 SNOPR
In response to comments received on the September 2011 SNOPR, DOE
published an SNOPR on May 25, 2012 (77 FR 31444) (hereafter referred to
as the May 2012 SNOPR). DOE proposed to amend the dishwasher test
procedure to remove an obsolete efficiency metric and to include
measures of energy consumption in fan-only mode, measures of energy and
water consumption due to periodic water softener regeneration, and
clarified specifications for the normal cycle, power supply, energy
test cycle, detergent dosing, and test load requirements. DOE also
proposed amendments to the cooking products test procedure to measure
energy consumption in conventional oven fan-only mode and remove
obsolete provisions for gas pilot lights in the cooking products test
procedure. For dehumidifiers, DOE proposed to update the industry test
method specified in the test procedure. These proposals addressed
comments received from interested parties in response to the December
2010 NOPR and September 2011 NOPR, and incorporated methods provided in
test procedure waivers granted by DOE for certain water-softening
dishwashers. (See 75 FR
[[Page 65945]]
62127 (Oct. 7, 2010) and 77 FR 33450 (June 6, 2012))
4. The August 2012 SNOPR
In response to comments received on the May 2012 SNOPR and during a
public meeting held June 1, 2012 (hereafter referred to as the 2012
Public Meeting), DOE published an SNOPR on August 15, 2012 (77 FR
49064) (hereafter referred to as the August 2012 SNOPR) proposing to
update certain obsolete dishware, flatware and food items used in the
dishwasher test procedure; \7\ amend the definition of the normal
cycle, update the ambient temperature and preconditioning requirements;
and update the referenced industry test method in the dishwasher test
procedure. DOE also proposed to add water pressure, drain height, rack
position, loading, rinse aid container, and soil preparation
specifications to the dishwasher test procedure. DOE additionally
proposed, for both dishwashers and cooking products, a revised test
procedure to measure energy use in fan-only mode based on DOE analysis
and comments received on the May 2012 SNOPR.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\7\ The terms ``obsolete'' or ``nearly obsolete'' used in this
context mean that the test load item, food item, or detergent is
unavailable on the market or is available in such limited supply
that it is not sufficiently available for testing purposes.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. Summary of the Final Rule
In this final rule, DOE establishes new test procedures for
residential dishwashers and dehumidifiers, and amends the test
procedures for conventional cooking products, to incorporate by
reference provisions from IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) for the
measurement of energy use in standby mode and off mode, and, for
dishwashers and conventional cooking products, methodology for the
measurement of fan-only mode energy use, in the energy efficiency
metrics.
In the new dishwasher test procedure established in today's final
rule, DOE also: (1) Adds a measure of the annual energy and water use
associated with periodic water softener system regeneration for those
dishwashers equipped with such systems; and (2) incorporates by
reference the updated industry test standard AHAM DW-1-2009, which upon
acceptance by ANSI was designated as ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010, American
National Standard, ``Household Electric Dishwashers.''
The final rule also clarifies in the new dishwasher test procedure:
(1) The definitions of normal cycle, soil-sensing dishwasher, and non-
soil-sensing dishwasher; (2) power supply requirements during testing;
(3) energy test cycle requirements for soil-sensing dishwashers; (4)
test load specifications and soiling requirements; (5) detergent dosing
specifications; (6) rinse aid dosing specifications; and (7) length of
time soils may sit before they are applied to dishware.
The final rule also amends the testing conditions in the new
dishwasher test procedure by: (1) Specifying the use of two pre-
conditioning cycles to ensure the turbidity sensor is calibrated, (2)
establishing maximum allowable time for the water pressure to reach the
specified test conditions for improved repeatability and
reproducibility, and (3) specifying drain height and rack position in
the absence of manufacturer's instructions to improve reproducibility.
In today's final rule, DOE also amends the current dishwasher test
procedure to replace the obsolete flatware, dishware, and food items
specified in the current test procedure with those proposed in Table 1
of the August 2012 SNOPR, except that the current cup and saucer and
alternate fruit bowl specifications are retained and the product
numbers are updated. The same replacement items are specified in the
new dishwasher test procedure.
The final rule also updates the industry test method specified in
the new dehumidifier test procedure. As noted above, EPCA specifies
that the dehumidifier test procedure must be based on EPA's test
criteria used under the ENERGY STAR program unless revised by DOE. (42
U.S.C. 6293(b)(13)) The ENERGY STAR test criteria effective in January
2001 require that ANSI/AHAM Standard DH-1, ``Dehumidifiers,'' be used
to measure energy use. DOE incorporates the most current version of the
DH-1 standard (DH-1-2008) into the new test procedure for
dehumidifiers.
Finally, today's final rule eliminates an obsolete metric from the
dishwasher test procedure and provisions in the cooking products test
procedure that have become obsolete due to the elimination of standing
pilot lights. For cooking products, DOE eliminates measures of pilot
light energy consumption from the test procedure. In a final rule
published April 8, 2009, DOE established standards that prohibit
constant-burning pilot lights in gas cooking products manufactured on
or after April 9, 2012. 74 FR 16040. For dishwashers, DOE removes the
calculation of EF from the dishwasher test procedure because the
current dishwasher energy conservation standards no longer require it
for compliance or representations.
III. Discussion
A. Products Covered by the Proposed Test Procedure Amendments
The amendments adopted in today's final rule to the DOE test
procedures cover dishwashers, which DOE currently defines as follows:
Dishwasher means a cabinet-like appliance which with the aid of
water and detergent, washes, rinses, and dries (when a drying
process is included) dishware, glassware, eating utensils, and most
cooking utensils by chemical, mechanical and/or electrical means and
discharges to the plumbing drainage system. (10 CFR 430.2)
Today's amendments to the DOE test procedures also cover
dehumidifiers, which DOE currently defines as follows:
Dehumidifier means a self-contained, electrically operated, and
mechanically refrigerated encased assembly consisting of--
(1) A refrigerated surface (evaporator) that condenses moisture
from the atmosphere;
(2) A refrigerating system, including an electric motor;
(3) An air-circulating fan; and
(4) Means for collecting or disposing of the condensate. Id.
Finally, today's amendments to the DOE test procedures also cover
cooking products, specifically conventional cooking products, which are
currently defined as:
Cooking products means consumer products that are used as the
major household cooking appliances. They are designed to cook or
heat different types of food by one or more of the following sources
of heat: Gas, electricity, or microwave energy. Each product may
consist of a horizontal cooking top containing one or more surface
units and/or one or more heating compartments. They must be one of
the following classes: conventional ranges, conventional cooking
tops, conventional ovens, microwave ovens, microwave/conventional
ranges and other cooking products.\8\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\8\ As stated in Section I, DOE is addressing test procedures
for microwaves in separate rulemaking proceedings.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conventional cooking top means a class of kitchen ranges and
ovens which is a household cooking appliance consisting of a
horizontal surface containing one or more surface units which
include either a gas flame or electric resistance heating.
Conventional oven means a class of kitchen ranges and ovens
which is a household cooking appliance consisting of one or more
compartments intended for the cooking or heating of food by means of
either a gas flame or electric resistance heating. It does not
include portable or countertop ovens which use electric resistance
heating for the cooking or heating of food and are designed for an
electrical supply of approximately 120 volts.
Conventional range means a class of kitchen ranges and ovens
which is a household cooking appliance consisting of a
[[Page 65946]]
conventional cooking top and one or more conventional ovens. Id.
DOE did not propose any amendments to these definitions in the
December 2010 NOPR, the September 2011 SNOPR, the May 2012 SNOPR, or
the August 2012 SNOPR.
Whirlpool Corporation (Whirlpool) commented that the definitions of
conventional cooking top, conventional oven, and conventional range
should include electromagnetic induction as a means of cooking or
heating, so that induction cooking products would be covered.
(Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2) \9\ DOE may consider amendments to its
cooking products test procedure to address active, standby, and off
mode energy use of induction cooking products in a separate rulemaking.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\9\ A notation in the form ``Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2''
identifies a written comment: (1) Made by Whirlpool Corporation; (2)
recorded in document number 12 that is filed in the docket of the
residential dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional cooking
products test procedures rulemaking (Docket No. EERE-2010-BT-TP-
0039) and available for review at www.regulations.gov; and (3) which
appears on page 2 of document number 12.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
BSH Home Appliances (BSH) asked how double ovens, microwave ovens,
combination microwave ovens, and other combination products would be
treated under this test procedure. (BSH, NOPR Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 21-22) \10\ DOE proposed in the December 2010
SNOPR that the integrated energy factor of combinations of ovens and
cooktops other than a kitchen range (i.e., a cooktop and oven
combined), which would include products with two conventional ovens,
would be the sum of the annual useful cooking energy output of each
component divided by the sum of the total integrated annual energy
consumption of each component, according to calculations newly provided
in the test procedure. 75 FR 75290, 75333 (Dec. 2, 2010). DOE did not
receive further comments or information regarding combination
conventional cooking products, and this proposal was not affected by
the subsequent SNOPRs. As discussed in Section I, DOE is addressing
microwave ovens, including combination microwave ovens, in a separate
rulemaking.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\10\ A notation in the form ``BSH, NOPR Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 21-22'' identifies an oral comment that
DOE received during the December 17, 2010, NOPR public meeting, was
recorded in the public meeting transcript in the docket for the
residential dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional cooking
products test procedures rulemaking (Docket No. EERE-2010-BT-TP-
0039), and is available for review at www.regulations.gov. This
particular notation refers to a comment (1) made by BSH Home
Appliances during the public meeting; (2) recorded in document
number 10, which is the public meeting transcript that is filed in
the docket of the residential dishwasher, dehumidifier, and
conventional cooking products test procedures rulemaking; and (3)
which appears on pages 21-22 of document number 10.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the absence of additional comments or input, DOE does not amend
its current definitions of dishwasher, dehumidifier, conventional
cooking product, conventional cooking top, conventional oven, or
conventional range in today's final rule.
B. Compliance Date
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE proposed that the amended test
procedures for residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products would become effective 30 days after the test
procedure final rule is published in the Federal Register. Any added
procedures and calculations for standby mode and off mode energy
consumption resulting from implementation of EISA 2007, however, would
not need to be performed to determine compliance with the current
energy conservation standards. Manufacturers would be required to use
the standby mode and off mode provisions to demonstrate compliance with
DOE's energy conservation standards on the mandatory compliance date of
a final rule establishing amended energy conservation standards for
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products that
address standby mode and off mode energy consumption. As of 180 days
after publication of a test procedure final rule, any representations
related to the standby mode and off mode energy consumption of these
products would be required to be based upon results generated under the
applicable provision of these test procedures, in accordance with 42
U.S.C. 6293(c)(2). 75 FR 75290, 75294-95 (Dec. 2, 2010).
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed amendments clarifying the
dishwasher test procedure that would apply on the effective date of the
amended dishwasher test procedure (i.e., 30 days after the date of
publication of the test procedure final rule in the Federal Register).
77 FR 31444, 31450-52 (May 25, 2012). DOE also proposed methods by
which the energy and water use of dishwasher water softener
regeneration would be measured, as well as provisions to measure
dishwasher and conventional cooking products fan-only mode energy
consumption that would be required to be included in the energy
efficiency metrics upon the compliance date of any updated dishwasher
and conventional cooking product energy conservation standards
addressing standby mode and off mode energy use. 77 FR 31444, 31451
(May 25, 2012). In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed additional
amendments to specify test load and soil items in place of obsolete or
potentially obsolete items in the dishwasher test procedure that would
be required 30 days after publication of the test procedure final rule
in the Federal Register, and sought comment on whether the specified
items could be procured in 30 days. (77 FR 49064, 49065 (Aug, 15,
2012)).
AHAM, BSH, Samsung Electronics America, Inc. (Samsung), and
Whirlpool commented that DOE should clarify when the dishwasher test
procedure amendments that could impact measured energy use,
particularly the fan-only mode and water softener regeneration energy
measurements, would be required for compliance with dishwasher energy
conservation standards. These commenters stated that energy consumption
in these modes should be included in the final metric to determine
compliance with a future standard that has not yet been proposed, and
not for compliance with the standard in the recent direct final rule.
However, if these modes are included in the metric used to determine
compliance with the standards in the direct final rule, the commenters
stated that DOE must ensure that the stringency of the standards does
not change. (AHAM, No. 20 at p. 3; AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 2-3; AHAM, No.
35 at p. 2; BSH, No. 28 at p. 1; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool,
No. 26 at pp. 1-2) According to BSH, adequate time will be needed to
test all the different base models using the amended dishwasher test
procedure and to determine whether sensor decisions need to be changed,
which may include adjusting software and conducting additional tests.
BSH also stated that time should be allowed to use any parts in the
supply chain before manufacturers are required to use the new test
procedure. In addition, BSH stated that past accepted test data that
were based on the previous test procedure should continue to be
accepted until production ceases. (BSH, No. 36 at pp. 1-2)
The energy use of dishwasher water softener regeneration must be
measured to demonstrate compliance with current energy conservation
standards for dishwashers. In the test procedure waivers granted for
water softening dishwashers, DOE has required that such models meet the
current energy conservation standards with the additional energy and
water use associated with water softener regeneration included in the
annual
[[Page 65947]]
energy use and per-cycle water consumption metrics. (75 FR 62127 (Oct.
7, 2010) and 77 FR 33450 (June 5, 2012)). In accordance with the
approach specified in these waivers, DOE determines that the energy and
water use must be included in the metrics used to demonstrate
compliance with any amended dishwasher energy conservation standards,
including those in the direct final rule. Compliance with the direct
final rule will be required on May 30, 2013 unless the direct final
rule is withdrawn as a result of adverse comment. 77 FR 31918 (May 30,
2012).
DOE has determined that use of the test procedures to measure the
energy use in fan-only mode on the compliance date of any amended
standards is appropriate. Compliance with the dishwasher standards
published on May 30, 2012 will be required on May 30, 2013 unless DOE
withdraws the direct final rule. The energy use in these modes is
estimated to be less than 5 percent of the total energy use of standard
dishwashers. Given that 65 percent of all standard dishwashers
currently on the market meet or exceed the minimum energy conservation
standards established in the direct final rule, inclusion of this small
amount of energy use would not impact compliance with the revised
standard. 77 FR 31918, 31948-31949. Therefore, DOE has determined that
the energy use in fan-only mode is de minimus and insufficient to alter
in a material manner the measured energy use of dishwashers. Therefore,
DOE is not considering amending the standards set forth in the direct
final rule.
DOE is requiring that the clarifications to the dishwasher test
procedure described in the May 2012 SNOPR, which include the definition
of the normal cycle, energy test cycle selection, power supply
requirements, test load specifications and soiling requirements (except
for the specification of replacement items for some obsolete dishware
and flatware) and detergent dosing specifications, be used on the
compliance date of any amended standards for dishwashers (May 30, 2013
unless the direct final rule is withdrawn). While DOE had earlier
proposed that these requirements be mandatory 30 days after publication
of the test procedure final rule in the Federal Register, DOE is
adopting, as discussed below, amendments to the existing test procedure
that specify replacement items for obsolete test load and soil items
and technical corrections that will be required for use on or after 45
days after publication of the test procedure final rule in the Federal
Register. The remaining clarifications to the dishwasher test
procedure, as well as the same specifications for replacement items,
are provided in a new test procedure that will be required to be used
on the compliance date of any amended standards for dishwashers (May
30, 2013 unless the direct final rule is withdrawn).
For the replacement of obsolete items, DOE did not receive any
comments regarding the proposed requirement for the use of certain test
load and soil items in place of obsolete or potentially obsolete items
in the dishwasher test procedure 30 days after publication of the test
procedure final rule in the Federal Register, nor did it receive
comment on whether the specified items could be procured in 30 days.
Because certain test load items may require purchase outside of the
United States, however, 30 days may not allow sufficient time for
acquisition. DOE concludes, therefore, that requiring the use of
replacement test load and soil items 45 days after the publication of
the final rule best weighs the need for manufacturers and test
laboratories to utilize comparable testing items against the timeframe
potentially required for obtaining the items.
In sum, with the exception of requirements for the use of
replacement items for obsolete dishware, flatware, and food items
specified as amendments to the current dishwasher test procedure, the
final rule changes will be mandatory to demonstrate compliance with the
applicable energy conservation standard starting on the compliance date
of any amended standards for dehumidifiers, dishwashers, and cooking
products, as required under 42 U.S.C. 6295(s). For the amendments to
the current dishwasher test procedure related to obsolete dishware,
flatware, and food items, DOE has determined that use of these amended
test procedure provisions would not alter a dishwasher's measured
energy efficiency or measured energy use pursuant to 42 U.S.C.
6293(e)(1). DOE has concluded that today's final rule accords
manufacturers with sufficient time to implement the test procedure
changes contained herein.
In summary, DOE establishes a new dishwasher test procedure at 10
CFR part 430, subpart B, appendix C1 that incorporates these final rule
changes, including the use of replacement items. By amending the
current test procedure to also include the use of replacement items,
appendix C may continue to be used until the compliance date of amended
dishwasher energy conservation standards. Similarly, DOE establishes a
new dehumidifier test procedure at 10 CFR part 430, subpart B, appendix
X1, but allows for the use of the current dehumidifier test procedure
until the compliance date of amended dehumidifier energy conservation
standards. Because the current energy conservation standards for
conventional cooking products consist of a prescriptive design
requirement prohibiting the use of constant-burning pilot lights, which
do not require the use of the DOE test procedure to demonstrate
compliance, DOE incorporates the final rule changes as amendments to
the existing conventional cooking products test procedure codified at
10 CFR part 430, subpart B, appendix I.
For dishwashers, the date upon which the use of new appendix C1
will be required will be May 30, 2013, the compliance date of the
direct final rule published on May 30, 2012, unless the direct final
rule is withdrawn. Until that date, manufacturers may continue to use
appendix C to certify compliance with the current dishwasher energy
conservation standards. Any products manufactured on or after that date
must be certified to demonstrate compliance with the amended energy
conservation standards using appendix C1. However, use of the
replacement items for obsolete dishware, flatware, and food items in
the amendments to the currently applicable dishwasher test procedure
will be required on December 17, 2012.
Today's final rule also clarifies that as of April 29, 2013, any
representations related to the standby mode and off mode energy
consumption of these products must be based upon results generated
under the applicable provisions of appendix C1, appendix I, and
appendix X1. Manufacturers may use the new dishwasher and dehumidifier
test procedures and amended conventional cooking products test
procedure prior to this date consistent with DOE guidance available at:
https://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/pdfs/tp_faq_2012-06-29.pdf.
C. Incorporation of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) for Measuring
Standby Mode and Off Mode Power Consumption
The December 2010 NOPR proposed to incorporate in the test
procedures for dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking
products relevant provisions from IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition)
for measuring standby mode and off mode power. The amended test
procedures would use these measured wattages in calculations to
incorporate standby mode and off
[[Page 65948]]
mode energy consumption into the test procedures. DOE reviewed the IEC
Standard 62301 (First Edition) and tentatively concluded that it would
be generally applicable to dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products, although some clarification would be needed.
Specifically, DOE proposed in the December 2010 NOPR for standby mode
and off mode power measurements to provide a stabilization period of at
least 30 minutes followed by an energy use measurement period of not
less than 10 minutes for each of the covered products. 75 FR 75290,
75295-300 (Dec. 2, 2010). Additionally, for conventional cooking
products, DOE proposed a specific standby mode power measurement
methodology for units in which power varies as a function of displayed
time. 75 FR 75290, 75302-04 (Dec. 2, 2010). With these clarifications,
the December 2010 NOPR proposed to reference IEC Standard 62301 (First
Edition) for the standby mode and off mode wattage measurements. DOE
also proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to amend the dishwasher,
dehumidifier, and conventional cooking products test procedures to
include new definitions of ``standby mode,'' ``off mode,'' and ``active
mode'' based on the most current draft version of the Second Edition at
that time (IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS)). 75 FR 75290, 75296-97 (Dec. 2,
2010).
In response to comments on the December 2010 NOPR, and because IEC
Standard 62301 (Second Edition) was issued on January 27, 2011, DOE
evaluated in the September 2011 SNOPR the applicability of the Second
Edition for measuring standby mode and off mode energy use in the
dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional cooking products test
procedures. Commenters noted that IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition)
is an internationally-accepted test procedure for measuring standby
power in residential appliances, and stated that they supported
harmonizing the mode definitions with those in IEC Standard 62301
(FDIS), which are substantively the same as those in IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition). 76 FR 58346, 58350 (Sep. 20, 2011). DOE thus
maintained in the September 2011 SNOPR the definitions for active mode,
standby mode, and off mode that it had proposed in the December 2010
NOPR for dishwashers and dehumidifiers.
The definitions for standby mode and off mode energy use for
cooking products, as well as a slightly modified definition of active
mode, were established in the cooking products test procedure by the
March 2011 Interim Final Rule for microwave ovens. The definition of
active mode established by the March 2011 Interim Final Rule includes
the statement that delay start mode is a one-off, user-initiated,
short-duration function that is associated with an active mode.\11\ The
May 2012 SNOPR added reference to fan-only mode functions in active
mode for dishwashers and cooking products. Detailed discussion of each
of these mode definitions, including comments from interested parties,
is presented in section III.D.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\11\ Because DOE accepted comments on the March 2011 Interim
Final Rule until shortly before publication of the September 2011
SNOPR, DOE continued to include the cooking products mode
definitions in this proposal.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DOE determined that the updated version of IEC Standard 62301
provides clarification to certain sections as compared to the First
Edition. In particular, DOE proposed to incorporate by reference in the
dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional cooking products test
procedures the following provisions from IEC Standard 62301 (Second
Edition): (1) The room ambient air temperature requirements in section
4, paragraph 4.2; (2) the electrical supply voltage requirements in
section 4, paragraph 4.3.2; (3) the power equipment specifications in
section 4, paragraph 4.4; (4) the instructions for allowing the product
to enter a lower power state prior to the test measurement in section
5, paragraph 5.1, note 1; and (5) portions of the installation and
setup procedures in section 5, paragraph 5.2. DOE also proposed that
the measurement of standby mode and off mode power be made according to
section 5, paragraph 5.3.2 in each of the test procedures, except in
the case of conventional cooking products in which power varies as a
function of the clock time displayed in standby mode. For such
products, DOE tentatively concluded that the application of the test
methodology from the Second Edition would cause manufacturers to incur
significant burden that would not be warranted by any potential
improved accuracy of the test measurement. Thus, DOE maintained its
original proposal from the December 2010 NOPR for 10-minute and 12-hour
test methods for these products in the conventional cooking products
test procedure, in which case testers would be allowed to choose
measuring standby power by means of either of the following methods:
(a) 10-Minute Test
(1) Allow the product to stabilize according to section 5,
paragraph 5.3 of IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition), which requires a
minimum of 5 minutes;
(2) Set the clock time to 3:23;
(3) Allow another stabilization period until the clock time reaches
3:33;
(4) Use the average power approach in section 5, paragraph 5.3.2(a)
to measure standby mode power for a period of 10 minutes +0/-2 seconds;
or
(b) 12-Hour Test
(1) At any clock time, allow the product to stabilize according to
section 5, paragraph 5.3 of IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition), which
requires a minimum of 5 minutes;
(2) Use the average power approach in section 5, paragraph 5.3.2(a)
to measure standby mode power for a period of 12 hours +0/-30 seconds.
According to the proposal, manufacturers could elect to conduct
either a 10-minute test, a 12-hour test, or both. Based on DOE testing,
use of the 10-minute test period produced results that were within
2 percent of the results for the full 12-hour test.
Therefore, DOE proposed that, for verification and enforcement
purposes, results of the 10-minute test that are within 2
percent of the results for the 12-hour test would be deemed to be
representative of average energy use. 75 FR 75290, 75302-304 (Dec. 2,
2010); 76 FR 58346, 58349-53 (Sep. 20, 2011).
The Appliance Standards Awareness Project (ASAP), American Council
for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE), and National Consumer Law
Center (NCLC), jointly (hereafter referred to as the ``SNOPR Joint
Comment''), AHAM, and Whirlpool support the incorporation by reference
of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition). AHAM stated that the Second
Edition contains important clarifications and would reduce test burden,
while Whirlpool commented that the Second Edition provides more
complete mode definitions and more robust measurements. AHAM and the
SNOPR Joint Comment stated that the Second Edition would allow for
international harmonization. (AHAM, No. 20 at pp. 1-2; SNOPR Joint
Comment, No. 22 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 21 at p. 2)
DOE acknowledges the clarity and improvement in the measurement of
standby mode and off mode power consumption through the use of IEC
Standard 62301 (Second Edition), as well as the benefits of
harmonization with international testing methods and the associated
reduction in test burden for those manufacturers that sell products
internationally by not requiring multiple standby power tests to be
conducted according to different testing methods in different
countries.
[[Page 65949]]
For these reasons, in today's final rule, DOE incorporates by reference
into the new dishwasher and dehumidifier and amended conventional
cooking products test procedures the previously noted provisions from
IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition), including mode definitions,
qualified as discussed in section 0 for the specific products, testing
conditions, equipment, and methodology.
DOE did not receive comments objecting to the proposed
incorporation by reference of provisions from IEC Standard 62301 (First
Edition) for standby mode power measurement for conventional cooking
products with power consumption that varies as a function of the time
displayed. DOE determines that the lower test burden for manufacturers
is not warranted by any potential improved accuracy of the test
measurement if the Second Edition were to be used. Therefore, DOE
adopts in today's final rule the average power method from IEC Standard
62301 (First Edition) for these products.
D. Determination and Classification of Operational Modes
1. Active Mode, Standby Mode, and Off Mode
As noted previously, EPCA provides definitions of ``active mode,''
``standby mode,'' and ``off mode'' (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)) and
permits DOE to amend these definitions in the context of a given
product (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(B)).
EPCA defines ``active mode'' as the condition in which an energy-
using product:
Is connected to a main power source;
Has been activated; and
Provides one or more main functions.
(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(i)).
EPCA defines ``standby mode'' as the condition in which an energy-
using product:
Is connected to a main power source; and
Offers one or more of the following user-oriented or
protective functions:
[cir] To facilitate the activation or deactivation of other
functions (including active mode) by remote switch (including remote
control), internal sensor, or timer;
[cir] Continuous functions, including information or status
displays (including clocks) or sensor-based functions.
(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(iii)).
This definition of ``standby mode'' differs from the one provided
in IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition) by permitting the inclusion of
multiple standby modes.
EPCA defines ``off mode'' as the condition in which an energy-using
product:
Is connected to a main power source; and
Is not providing any standby mode or active mode function.
(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(ii)).
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE discussed that the statutory
definitions for ``active mode,'' ``standby mode,'' and ``off mode''
were developed to be broadly applicable for many energy-using products.
For specific products with multiple functions, these broad definitions
could lead to multiple interpretations. Therefore, DOE proposed to
amend the test procedures to include definitions for these modes based
on the definitions provided in IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS), with added
provisions specific to dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products.
a. Active Mode
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE proposed the following
clarifications for the range of main functions that would be classified
as active mode for each product:
Dishwashers--``Active mode'' means a mode in which the dishwasher
is connected to a mains power source, has been activated, and is
performing the one of the main functions of washing, rinsing, or drying
(when a drying process is included) dishware, glassware, eating
utensils, and most cooking utensils by chemical, mechanical and/or
electrical means, or is involved in functions necessary for these main
functions, such as admitting water into the dishwasher or pumping water
out of the dishwasher.
Conventional Cooking Products--``Active mode'' means a mode in
which a conventional cooking top, conventional oven, or conventional
range is connected to a mains power source, has been activated, and is
performing the main function of producing heat \12\ by means of either
a gas flame or electric resistance heating.
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\12\ In the preamble to the December 2010 NOPR, DOE discussed
that the main function of producing heat may be used for cooking,
heating, proofing, or holding the cooking load. Such specificity was
not included in the proposed regulatory text in appendix I.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dehumidifiers--``Active mode'' means a mode in which a dehumidifier
is performing the main functions of removing moisture from ambient air
by drawing moist air over a refrigerated coil using a fan, circulating
air through activation of the fan without activation of the
refrigeration system, or defrosting the refrigerant coil. 75 FR 75290,
75297-98 (Dec. 2, 2010).
For the September 2011 SNOPR, DOE's proposal included a revised
version of the active mode definition in the cooking products test
procedure, based upon updates adopted by the March 2011 Interim Final
Rule. Although that rulemaking addressed microwave ovens, the mode
definitions in the test procedure at appendix I cover all cooking
products, including microwave ovens and conventional cooking products.
Therefore, in the September 2011 SNOPR, DOE proposed for cooking
products that ``active mode means a mode in which the product is
connected to a mains power source, has been activated, and is
performing the main function of producing heat by means of a gas flame,
electric resistance heating, or microwave energy. Delay start mode is a
one-off, user-initiated, short-duration function that is associated
with an active mode.'' 76 FR 58346, 58363 (Sep. 20, 2011).
Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance (NEEA) agreed with DOE's
proposed definitions of active mode for each product. (NEEA, No. 11 at
p. 2) Whirlpool also agreed with DOE's proposed definition of active
mode for dehumidifiers and conventional cooking products, provided that
delay start is part of active mode. Whirlpool also agreed with DOE's
proposed definition of active mode for dishwashers as long as cycle
finished mode is a part of active mode. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2) DOE
evaluates delay start mode and cycle finished mode in the product-
specific discussions in section III.D.2, and notes that the amendments
adopted in today's final rule provide for measurement of all active
mode, standby mode, and off mode energy use, including delay start mode
and cycle finished mode, in the dishwasher, dehumidifier, and
conventional cooking products test procedures.
As discussed in sections III.F.2 and III.F.3, DOE further proposed
in the May 2012 SNOPR that active mode for dishwashers would
additionally include the functions of circulating air (fan-only mode)
and regenerating a built-in water softening system. Therefore, DOE
proposed a revised definition of active mode in the dishwasher test
procedure that would include these functions. For cooking products, DOE
proposed that circulating air in fan-only mode would be an active mode
function, and accordingly proposed to add air circulation to the active
mode functions. 77 FR 31444, 31447-49, 31462 (May 25, 2012).
[[Page 65950]]
DOE did not receive comments objecting to the definitions of active
mode for each of the covered products that were proposed in the May
2012 SNOPR, Thus, in today's final rule, DOE incoporates in the new
dishwasher and dehumidifier test procedures and the amendments to the
conventional cooking product test procedure the definition of active
mode as proposed in the May 2012 SNOPR.
b. Standby Mode
DOE also proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to define ``standby
mode'' for dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking
products as any mode in which the product is connected to a mains power
source and offers one or more of the following user-oriented or
protective functions which may persist for an indefinite time:
To facilitate the activation of other modes (including
activation or deactivation of active mode) by remote switch (including
remote control), internal sensor, or timer;
Continuous functions, including information or status
displays (including clocks) or sensor-based functions. 75 FR 75290,
75290 (Dec. 2, 2010).
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE also proposed the additional
clarification that a timer is a continuous clock function (which may or
may not be associated with a display) that provides regular scheduled
tasks (e.g., switching) and that operates on a continuous basis. Id.
AHAM stated that it supported the standby mode definition based on
IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS), although IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition)
should be the basis for the definition once the Second Edition was
issued. AHAM and Whirlpool also requested that DOE require that all
products default to the standby mode, as delivered from the factory.
(AHAM, No. 14 at p. 3; AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at
p. 36; Whirlpool, No. 12 at pp. 2, 4) DOE notes that its test
procedures are used to measure the energy consumption of covered
products in active, standby, and off modes, and do not prescribe
specific operational characteristics for those products.
DOE proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to amend the ``standby
mode'' definition in the dishwasher test procedure based on the
definition provided in IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS), but also proposed to
retain and redesignate the current DOE definition of standby mode for
dishwashers as a ``simplified standby mode'' to allow manufacturers to
continue to use the existing standby mode provisions to determine
compliance with the current dishwasher energy conservation standards
until the compliance date of amended standards that address standby
mode and off mode energy use. Id.
Whirlpool commented that the retention of a simplified standby mode
as a bridging step from the current DOE dishwasher test procedure is
unnecessary. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2) In this final rule, DOE is
retaining the existing methodology for measuring energy use in this
``simplified standby mode'' in appendix C. Use of the new standby mode
provisions in appendix C1 will be required on May 30, 2013, unless the
direct final rule published on May 30, 2012 is withdrawn.
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE proposed to define ``inactive mode''
for dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products as a
standby mode that facilitates the activation of active mode by remote
switch (including remote control), internal sensor, or timer, or that
provides continuous status display. Id.
AHAM and NEEA supported DOE's proposed definition of inactive mode.
(AHAM, No. 14 at p. 4; NEEA, No. 11 at p. 3) For the December 2010
NOPR, DOE derived the proposed mode definitions from IEC Standard 62301
(FDIS), which were retained for IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition).
DOE retains this definition of inactive mode in this final rule.
c. Off Mode
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE also proposed to amend the test
procedures for residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products to define ``off mode'' as a mode in which the product
is connected to a mains power source and is not providing any active
mode or standby mode function, and where the mode may persist for an
indefinite time. An indicator that shows the user only that the product
is in the off positions would be included within the classification of
off mode. This definition of ``off mode'' was based on the definitions
provided in IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS), and DOE stated that it would be
useful in terms of expanding the scope of the EPCA mode definitions to
clarify which functions are associated with off mode. 75 FR 75290,
75299 (Dec. 2, 2010).
Under these proposed definitions, a dishwasher, dehumidifier, or
conventional cooking product equipped with a mechanical on/off switch
that can disconnect power to the display and/or control components
would be considered as operating in the off mode when the switch is in
the ``off'' position, provided that no other standby mode or active
mode functions are energized. An energized light-emitting diode (LED)
or other indication that shows the user only that the product is in the
off position would be considered part of off mode under the proposed
definition, again provided that no other standby mode or active mode
functions are energized. However, if any energy is consumed by the
appliance in the presence of a one-way remote control, the unit would
be considered to be operating in standby mode because the remote
control would be used to activate or deactivate other mode(s).
Electrical leakage and any energy consumed for electrical noise
reduction, which are not specifically categorized as standby power
functions, would be considered part of off mode. Id.
NEEA supports the proposed definition of off mode for dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products, to the extent that it
is consistent with IEC Standard 62301. (NEEA, No. 11 at pp. 4-5)
Whirlpool stated that the EPCA definition of off mode is adequate for
each of these products. (AHAM, No. 12 at pp. 2-3) DOE determined that
the definition of off mode that is consistent with the definition in
IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) is an important expansion to the
EPCA definition that provides clarity for testing, and adopts in
today's final rule the proposed definition of off mode for the new
dishwasher and dehumidifier test procedures and the amended
conventional cooking products test procedure.
AHAM and Whirlpool do not support classifying the energy use of a
one-way remote control as part of standby mode, even though the EPCA
definition of standby mode includes activation by means of remote
control. According to these commenters, a standard remote that powers a
product ``off'' actually powers the unit down, such that it can be
turned on again through the use of the remote. A one-way remote does
not put the product in standby mode; it only allows the product to be
turned off. AHAM commented that there are few, if any, one-way remotes
in the United States. AHAM believes that including one-way remotes in
off mode instead of standby mode will encourage manufacturers to design
products with one-way remotes, which could decrease energy use. (AHAM,
No. 14 at p. 4; Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 3) DOE agrees that once the
one-way remote turns the product off, such that there is no standby
function present and the unit cannot be returned to either active or
standby mode by means of the remote,
[[Page 65951]]
the unit would be considered to be operating in off mode. However, if
the product is consuming energy without being in active mode while
waiting for a signal from the one-way remote, the product would be
classified as operating in standby mode because the remote would be
available for deactivation of the main unit, regardless of whether
other standby functions were present. Therefore, DOE clarifies that if
energy is consumed by the appliance in the presence of a one-way remote
control prior to turning the unit off from a non-active mode, the unit
would be considered to be operating in standby mode because the remote
control would be used to deactivate other mode(s). Once the product is
turned off by the one-way remote, it would be deemed to be operating in
either standby mode or off mode, depending on the functions present in
the appliance other than the remote control function, because the one-
way remote would not be able to activate or deactivate other mode(s) at
that point.
2. Additional Product-Specific Modes
In addition to the general mode definitions, DOE discussed in the
December 2010 NOPR its analysis of various product-specific modes for
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products to
determine whether they would be properly characterized as active mode,
standby mode, or off mode functions, as follows:
a. Dishwashers
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE stated that it is aware of two
additional relevant modes for dishwashers: (1) Delay start mode; and
(2) cycle finished mode. ``Delay start mode'' would be defined as a
mode in which activation of an active mode is facilitated by a timer.
``Cycle finished mode'' would be defined as a mode that provides
continuous status display following operation in active mode.
As discussed earlier, because delay start mode is not a mode that
may persist for an indefinite time, delay start mode would not be
considered part of standby mode, but instead would be a form of active
mode. DOE did not propose amendments to the dishwasher test procedure
to define ``delay start mode'' or to measure power consumption in this
mode. DOE stated that it may consider amendments addressing delay start
mode issues in a future dishwasher test procedure rulemaking. 75 FR
75290, 75298 (Dec. 2, 2010).
Based on the ``standby mode'' definition proposed in the December
2010 NOPR, cycle finished mode, which provides a continuous status
display and may persist for an indefinite time, would be considered as
part of a standby mode. Therefore, DOE proposed in the December 2010
NOPR to define cycle finished mode for dishwashers as ``a mode which
provides continuous status display following operation in active
mode.'' Id. For the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE also identified fan-only mode
for dishwashers (77 FR 31444, 31447-49 (May 25, 2012)), which is
discussed separately in section III.F.2 of this notice, as well as
dishwasher water softener regeneration (77 FR 31444, 31449-50 (May 25,
2012)), which is discussed in section III.F.3 of this notice.
ASAP, ACEEE, NCLC, and Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC),
jointly (hereafter referred to as the ``NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment''),
Southern California Edison, Southern California Gas Company, and San
Diego Gas and Electric Company, jointly (hereafter the ``California
Utilities''), AHAM, NEEA, Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E), and
Whirlpool agree with DOE's proposal that delay start mode should be
classified as a form of active mode. AHAM supported DOE's decision not
to propose amendments to the dishwasher test procedure to measure
energy use in delay start mode, while the California Utilities, the
NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, and PG&E stated that DOE should include
measures of delay start mode energy use in the dishwasher test
procedure. The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment believes that if energy
consumption in delay start mode is not measured, manufacturers will
have no incentive to reduce it. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 5; AHAM, NOPR
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p. 41; California Utilities, No.
16 at p. 2; NEEA, No. 11 at p. 2; NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, No. 13 at
pp. 2-3; PG&E, No. 17 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2) DOE retains
the classification of delay start mode as part of active mode for
dishwashers in today's final rule. Although DOE is not adopting
specific provisions to measure energy use in delay start mode alone,
DOE is including provisions in the dishwasher test procedure at
appendix C1 to measure the energy use in all low-power modes combined,
which includes modes other than the active washing and drying cycle,
fan-only mode, and water softener regeneration. (See section III.F.1).
AHAM and Whirlpool disagree with DOE's proposal to classify cycle
finished mode for dishwashers as a standby mode. According to
Whirlpool, any function begun by the user when initiating the active
mode includes all power consumed until the full conclusion of that
operation. Whirlpool stated that cycle-finished mode actions include
vent opening/closing, a signal to the consumer that the dishes are
clean, or other modest users of energy. Whirlpool believes that
establishing a separate cycle finished mode adds complications and cost
to the dishwasher test procedure without any corresponding improvement
in energy consumption or value to the consumer. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 5;
AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 41-42; Whirlpool,
No. 12 at p. 2) NEEA stated that DOE should define cycle finished mode
as the portion of the active mode between the end of the active washing
mode and the beginning of the inactive mode. However, NEEA interpreted
cycle finished mode to mean the period in which a fan operates after
the end of the active washing and drying cycle. NEEA noted that after
the fan run time, the dishwasher reverts to a status display (inactive)
mode that will persist indefinitely until the user opens the door. NEEA
believes that the status display (inactive) mode is a standby mode.
NEEA further commented that if DOE defines such a status display mode
as ``cycle finished mode,'' that the cycle finished period of some
specified average duration should be added to the active mode test
procedure. (NEEA, No. 11 at pp. 2-3)
DOE notes that in its proposals, it narrowly defined cycle finished
mode for dishwashers as providing continuous status display following
operation in active mode. Because the function specified in this
definition is a status display that may persist for an indefinite time
until the user opens the door, cycle finished mode for dishwashers
would be classified as a standby mode under the general definition of
``standby mode'' adopted in today's final rule for the new dishwasher
test procedure. DOE has also determined that any period of fan
operation after the end of the active washing and drying cycle would be
classified as a ``fan-only mode'' that is part of active mode. As
discussed in section III.F.2 of today's final rule, DOE includes in the
new dishwasher test procedure provisions to measure the energy use in
fan-only mode if the dishwasher is capable of such operation. In
today's final rule, DOE also adds definitions of cycle finished mode
and fan-only mode to the dishwasher test procedure to aid the tester in
differentiating these modes and to clarify that the energy use in cycle
finished mode is included in the
[[Page 65952]]
combined low-power energy use measurement, as discussed in section
III.F.1 of this notice.
b. Dehumidifiers
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE stated that it is aware of three
additional relevant modes for dehumidifiers: (1) Delay start mode; (2)
off-cycle mode; and (3) bucket full/removed mode. DOE proposed that the
definition for ``delay start mode'' for dehumidifiers would be the same
as that for dishwashers. ``Off-cycle mode'' would be defined as a mode
in which a dehumidifier has cycled off its main function by humidistat
or humidity sensor, does not have its fan or blower operating, and will
reactivate the main function according to the humidistat or humidity
sensor signal. ``Bucket full/removed mode'' would be defined as a mode
in which the dehumidifier has automatically powered off its main
function by detecting when the water collection bucket is full or has
been removed.
For the same reasons discussed earlier for dishwashers, delay start
mode would not be considered a standby mode, but instead would be a
form of active mode. DOE did not propose in the December 2010 NOPR
amendments to define or to measure power consumption in delay start
mode. DOE stated that it may consider amendments addressing delay start
mode issues in a future dehumidifier test procedure rulemaking. 75 FR
75290, 75298 (Dec. 2, 2010).
DOE discussed in the December 2010 NOPR that off-cycle mode and
bucket full/removed mode are modes that may persist for an indefinite
time and, under the proposed definition, would be considered as part of
standby mode. DOE proposed amending its dehumidifier test procedure to
include definitions of ``off-cycle mode'' and ``bucket full/removed
mode.'' 75290, 75298-99 (Dec. 2, 2010).
The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, the California Utilities, AHAM,
NEEA, PG&E, and Whirlpool agree with DOE's proposal that delay start
mode should be classified as a form of active mode for dehumidifiers.
AHAM supported DOE's decision not to propose amendments to the
dehumidifier test procedure to measure energy use in delay start mode.
The California Utilities, the NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, and PG&E
stated that DOE should include measures of delay start mode energy use
in the dehumidifier test procedure. The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment
stated that if energy consumption in delay start mode is not measured,
manufacturers will have no incentive to reduce it. (AHAM, No. 14 at p.
5; AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p. 45; California
Utilities, No. 16 at p. 2; NEEA, No. 11 at p. 2; NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint
Comment, No. 13 at pp. 2-3; PG&E, No. 17 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 12 at
p. 2) DOE maintains this determination that delay start mode is part of
active mode for dehumidifiers in today's final rule. DOE includes
provisions in the new dehumidifier test procedure to measure the energy
use in all low-power modes combined, which includes all modes other
than active dehumidification mode (i.e., delay start mode, bucket full/
removed mode, inactive mode, off-cycle mode, and off mode.) (See
section III.F.1).
Several commenters objected to DOE's proposed classification of
bucket full/removed mode as a standby mode. GE Consumer & Industrial
(GE) and NEEA consider bucket full/removed mode as a cycle finished
mode, and while it may persist for an indefinite period of time, it is
associated with the active mode cycle, much like the dishwasher cycle
finished mode. NEEA further stated that DOE should consider bucket
full/removed mode as the portion of the active mode between the end of
the active cycle and the beginning of the inactive mode when the user
empties and/or replaces the bucket. (GE, NOPR Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 10 at p. 45; NEEA, No. 11 at pp. 3-4) Whirlpool and
AHAM also consider bucket full/removed mode to be part of active mode.
(Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2; AHAM, No. 14 at p. 5) However, in the event
that DOE retains bucket full/removed mode as a standby mode, AHAM
suggested that the definition of bucket full/removed mode should
clarify that the dehumidifier has automatically powered off its main
function by detecting when the water bucket is full or has been
removed, and does not have its fan or blower operating. (AHAM, No. 14
at p. 5)
DOE agrees that the bucket full/removed mode can be associated with
the active mode function in which moisture is removed from the air and
collected in the bucket. However, bucket full/removed mode can also
occur when the bucket is removed, regardless of whether the
dehumidifier was actively removing moisture or circulating air at the
time the bucket was removed. For example, the bucket may be removed
during off-cycle mode, which is a standby mode. In addition, bucket
full/removed mode may persist indefinitely with a continuous status
display and no main function, which would meet the definition of a
standby mode. DOE maintains its determination that bucket full/removed
mode is a standby mode for today's final rule. DOE agrees that the fan
or blower shall not be operating during bucket full/removed mode,
because such operation would result in the dehumidifier circulating air
as part of active mode, but does not adopt a definition of bucket full/
removed mode in the new dehumidifier test procedure because bucket
full/removed mode energy use is included in the combined measurement of
all low-power mode energy use.
Whirlpool agreed with DOE's proposal to classify off-cycle mode as
a standby mode. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2) In today's final rule, DOE
includes the proposed definition of off-cycle mode in appendix X1, and
includes off-cycle mode in the measurement of energy use in the
combined low-power modes.
c. Conventional Cooking Products
DOE stated in the December 2010 NOPR that it is aware of three
additional relevant modes for conventional cooking products: (1) Delay
start mode; (2) cycle finished mode; and (3) Sabbath mode. ``Delay
start mode'' and ``cycle finished mode'' would be the same as defined
for dishwashers. ``Sabbath mode'' would be defined as a mode in which
the automatic shutoff is overridden to allow for warming of pre-cooked
foods during such periods as the Jewish Sabbath.
For the same reasons as discussed for dishwashers and
dehumidifiers, delay start mode would not be considered a standby mode,
but instead would be a form of active mode. In addition, the Sabbath
mode function of warming food would also be considered part of the
active mode. DOE did not propose in the December 2010 NOPR amendments
to define or to measure power consumption in ``delay start mode'' or
``Sabbath mode.'' DOE stated that it may consider amendments addressing
delay start mode and Sabbath mode issues in a future cooking products
test procedure rulemaking 75 FR 75290, 75299 (Dec. 2, 2010).
DOE discussed in the December 2010 NOPR that cycle finished mode is
a mode that may persist for an indefinite time and, under the proposed
definition, would be considered as part of standby mode. DOE proposed
to amend its conventional cooking products test procedure to include a
definition of ``cycle finished mode.'' 75 FR 75290, 75299 (Dec. 2,
2010). For the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE also identified fan-only mode for
conventional cooking products, which is discussed in section III.F.2 of
this notice.
The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, the California Utilities, AHAM,
NEEA, PG&E, and Whirlpool commented that
[[Page 65953]]
delay start mode should be considered part of active mode for
conventional cooking products. The California Utilities, the NOPR/
SNOPR2 Joint Comment, and PG&E stated that DOE should include measures
of delay start mode energy use in the test procedure. The NOPR/SNOPR2
Joint Comment believes that if energy consumption in delay start mode
is not measured, manufacturers will have no incentive to reduce it.
(AHAM, No. 14 at p. 5; AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at
p. 46; California Utilities, No. 16 at p. 2; NEEA, No. 11 at p. 2,
NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, No. 13 at pp. 2-3; PG&E, No. 17 at p. 2;
Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2) NEEA and Whirlpool also agree with DOE that
Sabbath mode is part of active mode. (NEEA, No. 11 at p. 4; Whirlpool,
No. 12 at p. 3)
For the reasons discussed in section III.F.1 of this notice, DOE
amends the cooking products test procedure to add provisions for
measuring the combined low-power energy use, which will account for all
energy use outside of the active cooking cycle \13\ and fan-only mode.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\13\ In the December 2010, DOE proposed to allocate the 8.9
estimated annual Sabbath mode hours to the active cooking mode. 75
FR 75290, 75309-10 (Dec. 2, 2010).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
AHAM and Whirlpool disagree with DOE's proposal to classify cycle
finished mode for conventional cooking products as a standby mode.
According to Whirlpool, any function begun by the user when initiating
the active mode includes all power consumed until the full conclusion
of that operation. Whirlpool believes that establishing a separate
cycle finished mode adds complications and cost to the conventional
cooking products test procedure without any corresponding improvement
in energy consumption or value to the consumer. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 5;
AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 46-47; Whirlpool,
No. 12 at pp. 2-3) NEEA stated that operation of the cooling fan that
protects the electronic controls comprises cycle finished mode, with
its duration being directly related to the temperature at which the
active cooking function was conducted. According to NEEA, DOE should
define cycle finished mode as the portion of the active mode between
the end of the active cooking mode and the beginning of the inactive
mode, when the cooling fan stops. (NEEA, No. 11 at pp. 2-4)
As with dishwashers, DOE's proposals narrowly defined cycle
finished mode for conventional cooking products as providing continuous
status display following operation in active mode. Because the function
specified in this definition is a status display that may persist for
an indefinite time until the user takes action, cycle finished mode for
conventional cooking products would be classified as a standby mode
under the general definition of ``standby mode'' adopted in today's
final rule for the conventional cooking products test procedure. DOE
has also determined that any period of fan operation after the end of
the active cooking cycle would be classified as a ``fan-only mode''
that is part of active mode. As discussed in section III.F.2 of today's
final rule, DOE includes in its amendments to the cooking products test
procedure provisions to measure the energy use in fan-only mode if the
conventional cooking product is capable of such operation. In today's
final rule, DOE also adds definitions of cycle finished mode and fan-
only mode to the cooking products test procedure.
3. Network Mode
Section 3.7 of IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS) defines ``network mode''
as a mode category that includes ``any product modes where the energy
using product is connected to a mains power source and at least one
network function is activated (such as reactivation via network command
or network integrity communication) but where the primary function is
not active.'' Section 3.7 of IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS) also provides a
note, stating that ``[w]here a network function is provided but is not
active and/or not connected to a network, then this mode is not
applicable. A network function could become active intermittently
according to a fixed schedule or in response to a network requirement.
A `network' in this context includes communication between two or more
separately independently powered devices or products. A network does
not include one or more controls which are dedicated to a single
product. Network mode may include one or more standby functions.''
DOE acknowledged in the December 2010 NOPR that in the future,
products that are the subject of this rulemaking could incorporate a
network mode for either communication with technicians for repair and
performance monitoring, or for interaction with the electric grid. At
the time of the December 2010 NOPR, however, DOE was unaware of any
data that would enable it to determine appropriate testing procedures
and mode definitions for incorporation into test procedures for network
mode in dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products.
As a result, DOE could not evaluate networked units, even in terms of
categorizing network mode as a standby mode or off mode function. In
particular, DOE was unaware of methods for appropriately configuring
networks or methods for collecting data about the energy use of
appropriately configured networks. DOE also had no information as to
whether network connection speed or the number and type of network
connections affect power consumption for these products. DOE also had
no information as to whether wireless network devices in such products
would have different levels of power consumption when a device is
establishing a connection versus when the network connection is
established. DOE stated in the December 2010 NOPR that it was also
unaware of how the energy consumption for dishwashers, dehumidifiers,
and conventional cooking products in a network environment may be
affected by their product design and user interaction, as well as
network interaction. These effects would need to be measured if the
network function could become active intermittently according to a
fixed schedule or in response to a network requirement. For these
reasons, the amendments proposed in the December 2010 NOPR did not
include provisions for testing network mode energy consumption in
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products. DOE
noted that provisions for testing power consumption in network mode
could be incorporated into the test procedure through future amendments
once the appropriate data and testing methodologies become available.
75 FR 75290, 75299 (Dec. 2, 2010).
AHAM and Whirlpool agreed with DOE that there are no dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, or conventional cooking products on the market currently
that are capable of operation in network mode, and that there is no way
for DOE to gather data on this mode. Thus, these commenters agreed with
DOE's proposal not to address network mode until such time that
sufficient data are available. AHAM and Whirlpool also stated that
network mode would be distinct from standby or off mode. (AHAM, No. 14
at p. 6; AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 48, 50;
Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 4)
The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, the California Utilities, ASAP,
NEEA, and PG&E urged DOE to develop test methodology for network mode.
According to these commenters, a number of major manufacturers are
developing network-enabled
[[Page 65954]]
dishwashers and cooking products, and these products are expected to be
available on the market when the amended test procedures become
effective. Further, these commenters stated that products with network
capability may consume significant energy in network mode. ASAP and the
NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment stated that the energy use in network mode
should be captured regardless of whether the product is actually
connected to a network. NEEA noted that IEC Standard 62301 defines
network mode as part of inactive mode, and that DOE should adopt a
definition of network mode consistent with the one in IEC Standard
62301, along with methodology to measure network mode energy use during
inactive mode testing. The SNOPR Joint Comment stated that the
definition of standby mode is sufficiently broad to encompass energy
use in network mode. (ASAP, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at
pp. 49-50; California Utilities, No. 16 at p. 3; NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint
Comment, No. 13 at pp. 3-4; SNOPR Joint Comment, No. 22 at p. 1; NEEA,
No. 11 at pp. 4-5; PG&E, No. 17 at p. 3)
In response to these comments, DOE observes that it is still not
aware of any network-equipped dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and
conventional cooking products that could allow sufficient analysis on
which to categorize the functionality of network mode in these
products, nor did commenters provide information or data on which to
develop test methodology for measuring energy use in a network mode.
Therefore, for the same reasons that DOE did not address network mode
in the December 2010 NOPR, DOE is not adopting a definition or testing
methodology for network mode in the dishwasher, dehumidifier, or
conventional cooking products test procedures in today's final rule.
DOE reiterates, however, that it may consider amending these test
procedures in a separate rulemaking in the future should network-
equipped products and data on their functionality become available.
4. Disconnected Mode
DOE also noted in the December 2010 NOPR that section 3.9 of IEC
Standard 62301 (FDIS) provides a definition for ``disconnected mode,''
which is ``the state where all connections to mains power sources of
the energy using product are removed or interrupted.'' IEC Standard
62301 (FDIS) also adds a note that common terms such as ``unplugged''
or ``cut off from mains'' also describe this mode and that this mode is
not part of off mode, standby mode, or network mode. DOE stated in the
December 2010 NOPR that there would be no energy use in a disconnected
mode and agreed that it would not be part of off mode, standby mode, or
network mode. Therefore, DOE did not propose a definition or testing
method for disconnected mode in the test procedures for residential
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, or conventional cooking products. 75 FR
75290, 75299-300 (Dec. 2, 2010).
AHAM agreed that there would be no energy use in disconnected mode,
and supported DOE's decision not to amend the test procedures
accordingly. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 4) In consideration of this support
and for the reasons discussed above, DOE does not amend the dishwasher,
dehumidifier, and conventional cooking products test procedures to
define or add testing provisions for disconnected mode in today's final
rule.
E. Specifications for the Test Methods and Measurements for Standby
Mode and Off Mode Testing
As discussed in section III.C of this notice, DOE proposed in the
December 2010 NOPR to specify testing equipment and conditions for
measuring standby mode and off mode energy use in the dishwasher,
dehumidifier, and conventional cooking products test procedures, based
on provisions in IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition). 75 FR 75290,
75300-04 (Dec. 2, 2010). In September 2011 SNOPR, it proposed to
incorporate by reference in the dishwasher, dehumidifier, and
conventional cooking products test procedures the following provisions
from IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) for testing equipment and
conditions: (1) The room ambient air temperature requirements in
section 4, paragraph 4.2; (2) the electrical supply voltage
requirements in section 4, paragraph 4.3.2; (3) the power equipment
specifications in section 4, paragraph 4.4; (4) the instructions for
allowing the product to enter a lower power state prior to the test
measurement in section 5, paragraph 5.1, note 1; and (5) portions of
the installation and setup procedures in section 5, paragraph 5.2. 76
FR 58436, 58349-54 (Sep. 20, 2011).
1. Ambient Conditions, Including for Active Mode
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE proposed that test room ambient
temperatures for standby mode and off mode testing be specified for all
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products according
to section 4, paragraph 4.2 of IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition). 75
FR 75290, 75301-02 (Dec. 2, 2010). The First Edition specified a
temperature range of 73.4 9[emsp14][deg]F. Section 4,
paragraph 4.2 of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) contains an
identical requirement for the test room ambient temperature, which DOE
proposed to reference for standby mode and off mode testing in the
September 2011 SNOPR. In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE also compared the
IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition) ambient temperature ranges to those
specified in the current DOE dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional
cooking products test procedures for active mode testing as follows.
Because the same IEC ambient temperatures were specified in the Second
Edition, DOE drew the same tentative conclusions in the September 2011
SNOPR.
DOE noted in the December 2010 NOPR that the current DOE test
procedure for dishwashers includes a test room ambient air temperature
requirement of 75 5 [deg]F, which helps ensure consistent
and repeatable test results for active mode measurements in which heat
losses could affect energy consumption. Because energy use in standby
mode or off mode is less affected by ambient temperature than active
mode energy use, DOE proposed to allow manufacturers of dishwashers to
use the less stringent ambient temperature range in IEC Standard 62301
(First Edition) for standby mode and off mode power consumption
measurement. DOE further stated that manufacturers could choose to use
the ambient temperature range in the current DOE test procedure if
tests of active mode efficiency performance and standby mode and off
mode power consumption are conducted simultaneously in the same room on
multiple dishwashers. 75 FR 75290, 75301 (Dec. 2, 2010).
For dehumidifiers, the current DOE test procedure specifies a test
room ambient temperature of 80 2 [deg]F. As with
dishwashers, DOE's proposal in the December 2010 NOPR would allow
manufacturers of dehumidifiers to conduct active mode efficiency
performance testing and standby mode and off mode power consumption
testing simultaneously in the same room on multiple dehumidifiers, as
long as the temperature requirements for both tests are met.
Alternatively, the proposed temperature specifications taken from IEC
Standard 62301 (First Edition) would allow a manufacturer that opts to
conduct standby mode and off mode testing separately from performance
testing to use the ambient
[[Page 65955]]
temperature requirement of 73.4 9 [deg]F. 75 FR 75290,
75301 (Dec. 2, 2010).
The current DOE test procedure for conventional cooking products
includes a test room ambient air temperature specification of 77 9 [deg]F, which varies slightly from the range specified by IEC
Standard 62301 of 73.4 9 [deg]F. DOE stated in the
December 2010 NOPR that the higher temperatures allowed for active mode
energy testing could be representative of ambient temperatures during a
cooking process, but that maintaining lower allowable temperatures for
standby mode and off mode power consumption measurements would be more
representative of ambient conditions during those operating modes. The
proposed test procedure would allow manufacturers of conventional
cooking products to measure active mode performance and standby and off
mode power simultaneously in the same room on multiple units, provided
that the room ambient temperature falls within the range allowed by
both ambient temperature requirements (i.e., any temperature between 68
and 82.4 [deg]F). Alternatively, the proposal would allow a
manufacturer to conduct standby mode and off mode testing separately
from performance testing within an ambient temperature range of 73.4
9 [deg]F. 75 FR 75290, 75301-02 (Dec. 2, 2010).
AHAM stated that DOE should use the ambient temperature
requirements in its current dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional
cooking products test procedures for standby mode and off mode energy
use measurements, which AHAM stated would produce accurate, repeatable,
and reproducible results. AHAM and Whirlpool noted that the DOE
temperature requirements are more stringent for dishwashers and
dehumidifiers, and that DOE's ambient temperature requirements in the
cooking products test procedure substantially overlaps with the IEC
temperature range. For the same reasons as AHAM outlined, BSH commented
that the more stringent DOE ambient temperature requirements in the
dishwasher test procedure should apply for standby mode and off mode
testing. (AHAM, No. 14 at pp. 7-8; AHAM, No. 27 at p. 12; AHAM, NOPR
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p. 63; BSH, No. 28 at pp. 9-10;
Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool suggested a single
temperature range would reduce inadvertent testing error. Whirlpool
recommended more stringent ambient room temperatures for the dishwasher
and conventional cooking products test procedures for all testing--75
2 [deg]F for dishwashers and 75 5 [deg]F for
conventional cooking products--and supported conducting all
dehumidifier testing under the current DOE active mode test conditions
of 80 2 [deg]F. According to Whirlpool, a 1 [deg]F
difference in ambient temperature can cause a 1.5 kWh change in the
measurement of dishwasher annual energy use. AHAM stated that not every
laboratory could achieve a tolerance tighter than 5 [deg]F
for dishwasher testing. (AHAM, No. 14 at pp. 7-8; AHAM, No. 27 at p.
12; AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 152-153; BSH,
No. 28 at pp. 9-10; Whirlpool, No. 12 at pp. 4-5; Whirlpool, No. 21 at
p. 3; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1, 5) AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool also
stated that the dishwasher test procedure should clarify that the
tolerances specified indicate the allowable limits of variation in
temperature, but do not permit the deliberate variation with those
limits. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 12; AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript,
No. 38 at p. 151; BSH, No. 28 at p. 10; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1;
Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 153-154)
Intertek noted that it understood that the intent of the dishwasher
test procedure is to target 75 [deg]F, and they aim to maintain this
ambient temperature. According to Intertek, it is also important to
maintain this temperature prior to conducting the test when the soils
are drying on the test load. (Intertek, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript,
No. 38 at pp. 154-155)
In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE maintained its proposals that the
standby mode and off mode testing for dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and
conventional cooking products be allowed to be conducted under either
the ambient temperature range specified in IEC Standard 62301 (Second
Edition) or the ambient temperature range specified in the DOE test
procedure where the DOE active mode temperature range overlaps the IEC
temperature range. DOE re-examined this issue in light of the comments
received. DOE confirmed its proposed approach to not require that
standby mode and off mode testing be conducted under the same ambient
temperature as active mode testing because no data were available to
suggest that the standby mode and off mode power of residential
dishwashers varies significantly within the allowable ambient
temperature range of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition), and because
this approach would increase the burden for those manufacturers or
laboratories that choose to conduct standby mode and off mode testing
separately from active mode testing. 77 FR 49064, 49066 (Aug. 15, 2012)
In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE also responded to comments on the
intent of the ambient temperature range in the dishwasher test
procedure by noting that the tolerances specified in the DOE test
procedures provide a range of temperatures under which the test results
are considered valid, regardless of the reasons for why a particular
temperature within the range was selected or achieved. Therefore, DOE
did not alter its proposal to state that the dishwasher test should be
conducted at the nominal center of the ambient temperature range. DOE
stated that it recognized the impact of ambient temperature on the
active mode measurement, however, and as an alternative to the 5 [deg]F tolerance in the current test procedure for active mode
testing, DOE proposed to tighten the tolerance on the test room ambient
temperature in the dishwasher test procedure to 2 [deg]F
for active mode testing. Id.
DOE did not receive comments in response to the August 2012 SNOPR
on the proposal that the standby mode and off mode testing for
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products may be
conducted within the range of ambient temperatures where the specified
temperature ranges of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) and the DOE
test procedure overlap if the testing laboratory chooses to conduct
standby mode and off mode testing in the same facility as for active
mode testing. DOE acknowledges the previous comments which identify the
potential for inadvertent testing error if the standby mode and off
mode testing is conducted under different ambient temperatures than
active mode testing, but determined that the potential for such error
is outweighed by the flexibility provided to manufacturers and testing
laboratories to conduct standby mode and off mode testing separately
from active mode testing. In addition, commenters did not provide
information that would suggest that the more stringent ambient
temperature requirements currently specified in the DOE dishwasher,
dehumidifier, and conventional cooking product test procedures would
reduce variability in the standby mode and off mode energy use
measurement. For these reasons, today's final rule incorporates by
reference in the new dishwasher and dehumidifier test procedures and
amended conventional cooking products test procedure the ambient
temperature requirements specified in section 4 of IEC Standard 62301
(Second
[[Page 65956]]
Edition) for measuring standby mode and off mode power consumption.
In response to the August 2012 SNOPR, AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and
Whirlpool continued to suggest that the dishwasher active mode test
should be conducted at the nominal center of the ambient temperature
range, but acknowledged that a tighter tolerance would also help
minimize test-to-test variation. Whirlpool supported the proposal to
tighten the tolerance to 2 [deg]F, and stated that any
additional burden associated with this requirement is small. Whirlpool
commented that it will be able to meet the proposed tighter ambient
temperature tolerance. None of the commenters provided information on
whether all laboratories are capable of achieving a 2
[deg]F temperature range, but AHAM, BSH, and Samsung believe that some
laboratories would need to make significant investments to meet this
requirement. BSH added that at certain times of the year its
laboratories would not be able to meet the 75 2 [deg]F
temperature range, requiring costly modifications to achieve consistent
performance. BSH noted that it also conducts dishwasher testing
according to the IEC dishwasher test procedure that requires an ambient
temperature range of 64.4 to 71.6 [deg]F. The current DOE active mode
temperature specification provides an overlap between the lower end of
the DOE temperature range and the upper end of the IEC range, allowing
BSH to conduct both tests in the same laboratory at the same time.
DOE's proposal for 75 2 [deg]F would not allow this
overlap, and could potentially require BSH to have separate
laboratories for DOE and IEC testing. (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 7; BSH, No.
36 at p. 3; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1;
Whirlpool, No. 34 at p. 2)
DOE carefully considered these comments and whether the potential
improvement in the test procedure results by requiring a tighter
ambient temperature tolerance for dishwasher active mode testing would
warrant the significant costs that could potentially be incurred by at
least some test laboratories and manufacturers. Although it does not
have information on the number of affected laboratories, DOE observes
that at least one manufacturer would need to upgrade its facilities,
and would incur additional cost by not being able to conduct all its
active mode testing, i.e., testing both for demonstrating compliance
with DOE energy conservation standards and for evaluating consumer
utility associated with cleaning performance, in a single laboratory.
Although test repeatability and reproducibility would be improved by
specifying a more stringent ambient temperature tolerance, DOE
determined that the significant potential costs do not warrant the
benefits of such a specification. As a result, DOE is not changing the
required range in ambient temperatures for active mode testing in the
dishwasher test procedure. In addition, for the reasons stated in the
August 2012 SNOPR, DOE is not amending the dishwasher test procedure to
require that the active mode test be conducted at the nominal center of
the ambient temperature range.
AHAM and GE stated that the test room humidity should be specified
for dehumidifier standby mode and off mode testing to prevent the unit
from inadvertently cycling on. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 7; GE, NOPR Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p. 64) Neither commenter provided
information on an appropriate ambient humidity level for this testing,
and no such requirement is contained within IEC Standard 62301 (Second
Edition). Therefore, DOE is not adopting an ambient humidity
requirement in today's final rule for standby mode and off mode testing
in the new dehumidifier test procedure. DOE does, however, clarify in
section 4.2 of appendix X1 that standby mode and off mode testing
should be conducted while ensuring that the dehumidifier does not enter
active mode during the test.
2. Installation and Power Supply Requirements
AHAM and Whirlpool supported the requirement to conduct standby
mode and off mode testing at the factory or default setting, or where
there are no indications of those settings, in the as-shipped
condition, in accordance with section 5.2 of IEC Standard 62301 (Second
Edition). According to these commenters, this requirement would provide
clarity, ensure repeatability, and reduce testing burden. (AHAM, No. 14
at pp. 3-4, 6; Whirlpool, No. 12 at pp. 2, 4; Whirlpool, NOPR Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p. 58) AHAM also stated that it supports
the power supply requirements proposed to be referenced from IEC
Standard 62301 (Second Edition). (AHAM, No. 14 at pp. 7-8) DOE adopts
in today's new dishwasher and dehumidifier test procedures and amended
conventional cooking products test procedure references to the
electrical supply voltage requirements in section 4, paragraph 4.3.2
and portions of the installation and setup procedures in section 5,
paragraph 5.2 of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition).
3. Standby Mode and Off Mode Testing Methodology
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE also proposed for all covered
products to require measurement of standby mode and off mode power
using section 5, paragraph 5.3 of IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition),
clarified by requiring the product to stabilize for at least 30 minutes
and using an energy use measurement period of not less than 10 minutes.
Further, for any dishwasher or dehumidifier in which the power varies
over a cycle, as described in section 5, paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC
Standard 62301 (First Edition), the December 2010 NOPR proposed to
require the use of the average power approach in section 5, paragraph
5.3.2(a), with the same 30-minute minimum stabilization and 10-minute
minimum measurement periods, as long as the measurement period
comprises one or more complete cycles. 75 FR 75290, 75300-01 (Dec. 2,
2010) DOE additionally proposed specific methodology for conventional
cooking products in which power varies as a function of the time
displayed. In that case, testers would be allowed to choose measuring
standby power by means of either the 10-minute test or the 12-hour
test, as described in section III.C of today's notice. According to the
proposal, manufacturers could elect to conduct either a 10-minute test
or a 12-hour test, or both, and results of the 10-minute test that are
within 2 percent of the results for the 12-hour test would
be deemed to be representative of average energy use. Id. at 75302-04,
75328.
In the September 2011 SNOPR, DOE updated its proposal to reference
testing methodology from IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition). DOE
tentatively concluded that the application of the provisions of the
Second Edition to all power measurements in standby mode and off mode
for dishwashers and dehumidifiers would be appropriate, and proposed
incorporation by reference of the relevant paragraphs of section 5.3 of
IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) in the test procedures for these
products. Further, DOE noted in the September 2011 SNOPR that although
the Second Edition allows the choice of multiple test methods for both
stable and unstable non-cyclic power consumption, the IEC preferred
sampling method provides for a test duration that is approximately the
same or shorter than the allowable IEC alternative methods and does not
require classification of the nature of the power consumption (e.g.,
stable or unstable, non-cyclic) in advance of the test. By monitoring
the variation in power consumption during the test, the
[[Page 65957]]
test operator could determine whether it is stable or unstable, and,
thus, the required duration of the sampling periods. For cyclic power
consumption, the Second Edition requires the use of the sampling
method. Thus, DOE proposed in the September 2011 SNOPR to specify the
use of the sampling method in section 5.3.2 of IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition) for all measures of standby mode and off mode power
consumption for residential dishwashers and dehumidifiers. 76 FR 58346,
58351-53 (Sep. 20, 2011).
DOE did not receive comments in response to the proposed standby
mode and off mode power consumption measurement methods for dishwashers
and dehumidifiers, and for the reasons discussed, adopts such
amendments in the new dishwasher and dehumidifier test procedures in
today's final rule.
For conventional cooking products, DOE tentatively concluded in the
September 2011 SNOPR that section 5.3 of IEC Standard 62301 (Second
Edition) includes provisions that are appropriate for measuring off
mode and standby modes, except in the case of a unit's clock whose
power consumption varies by the time displayed, and that the sampling
method in section 5.3.2 of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) would
also provide for measurements with minimal test burden. Thus, DOE
proposed in the September 2011 SNOPR for conventional cooking products
to require the use of the sampling method in section 5.3.2 of IEC
Standard 62301 (Second Edition), except as follows. In the narrow case
of cooking products with power consumption that varies as a function of
the time displayed, DOE determined that the application of the test
methodology from IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) would cause
manufacturers to incur significant burden that would not be warranted
by any potential improved accuracy of the test measurement. For this
reason, DOE continued to propose in the September 2011 SNOPR the 10-
minute and 12-hour test methods for these products in the conventional
cooking products test procedure, based upon the average power method
from IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition). The September 2011 SNOPR also
proposed to amend the reference in 10 CFR 430.3 to add a reference to
IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition). DOE's proposal for conventional
cooking products, based on relevant sections of IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition) would neither be affected by, nor impact, the testing
procedures for microwave ovens other than section renumbering as
appropriate. 76 FR 58346, 58351-53. (Sep. 20, 2011).
AHAM and Whirlpool supported the 10-minute testing methodology for
conventional cooking products with power consumption that varies as a
function of the time displayed, but stated that the time that a product
takes to return to the lowest power consumption state after setting the
clock may vary and that this stabilization period may be shorter or
longer than 10 minutes. They commented that DOE should require the
clock to be set to a time of 3:33 minus the number of minutes of the
stabilization period. According to AHAM, each manufacturer will know
the length of the stabilization period for its products. AHAM also
suggested that DOE could require manufacturers to submit in their
certification report to DOE the length of the stabilization period,
which should not be made public since it is confidential business
information. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 8; AHAM, No. 20 at pp. 2-3; AHAM, NOPR
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 73, 77; Whirlpool, No. 12 at
p. 5; Whirlpool, No. 21 at p. 2) Whirlpool stated that the 12-hour test
would place significant burden on manufacturers, and that the 10-minute
test has been demonstrated to yield representative results. (Whirlpool,
No. 21 at p. 2)
ASAP commented that the proposed approach for allowing either a 10-
minute or 12-hour test was a reasonable balance between manufacturer
test burden and enforcement. (ASAP, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No.
10 at pp. 76-77) AHAM and Whirlpool questioned whether a model that met
an energy conservation standard when tested by the manufacturer using
the 10-minute method but that did not meet the standard when tested by
DOE using the 12-hour method would be deemed compliant if the results
between the two tests were within the 2-percent variation. Whirlpool
believes that the option of two test methods is unnecessary. (AHAM, No.
14 at p. 9; AHAM, No. 20 at p. 3; AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript,
No. 10 at pp. 73-75; Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 5; Whirlpool, No. 21 at p.
2)
Upon review of comments from interested parties, DOE concludes that
a 12-hour test requirement would represent a significant burden to
manufacturers, and that the alternative 10-minute method would minimize
additional test burden. DOE agrees that the time required by certain
products may be different than the 10-minute stabilization period
provided in the 10-minute test method. DOE does not believe, however,
that allowing the manufacturers to individually determine the
stabilization period would optimize the accuracy and repeatability of
the test procedure, particularly when the method is used at testing
laboratories other than that of the manufacturer. Based on its testing,
DOE determined that a requirement to set the display time to 3:23 and
allowing a 10-minute stabilization period prior to a 10-minute
measurement period would best balance the need for reproducibility of
the test procedure with the burden placed on manufacturers. Therefore,
DOE adopts in today's final rule the proposed standby mode and off mode
testing methodology for conventional cooking products, but eliminating
the 12-hour testing option for conventional cooking products with power
consumption that varies as a function of the time displayed.
DOE notes that the conventional cooking products test procedure is
designed to provide an energy efficiency measurement consistent with
representative average consumer use of these products, even if the test
conditions and/or procedures may not themselves all be representative
of average consumer use (e.g., testing with a display of only 3:33 to
3:42). DOE's amendments reflect the statutory requirement, and the
Department's longstanding view, that the overall objective of the test
procedure is to measure the product's energy consumption during a
representative average use cycle or period of use. (42 U.S.C.
6293(b)(3)) Further, the test procedure requires specific conditions
during testing that are designed to ensure repeatability while avoiding
excessive testing burdens. Although certain test conditions specified
in the test procedure may deviate from representative use, such
deviations are carefully designed and circumscribed in order to attain
an overall calculated measurement of the energy consumption during
representative use. Thus, it is--and has always been--DOE's view that
products should not be designed such that the energy consumption drops
during test condition settings in ways that would bias the overall
measurement, thereby making it unrepresentative of average consumer
use. If a manufacturer incorporates a power-saving mode as part of the
appliance's routine operation, DOE's test procedure would produce a
representative measure of average consumer use if the unit powered down
during the 10-minute test period for the same percentage of time that
such powering down would be expected to occur during a typical 12-hour
period, and thus, such operation would be permissible. It has been the
[[Page 65958]]
Department's long-held interpretation that the purpose of the test
procedure is to measure representative use. Ultimately, if DOE
identifies a broad pattern of behavior which has the effect of
circumventing its test procedure provisions, the Department may
consider reopening the conventional cooking products test procedure for
further rulemaking.
F. Calculation of Energy Use Associated With Operational Modes
1. Standby Mode and Off Mode
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE proposed a methodology for measuring
energy consumption in modes other than active washing mode for
dishwashers and active cooking mode for conventional cooking products;
i.e., inactive (standby) mode and off mode, as well as delay start mode
and cycle finished mode. These modes are collectively referred to as
low-power modes. DOE also raised the possibility of using a similar
methodology for measuring low-power modes for dehumidifiers, including
inactive (standby) mode, off mode, off-cycle mode, and bucket full/
removed mode. DOE proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to allocate
specific annual hours to each of the active, standby, and off modes.
Using this approach, the annual energy use associated with the low-
power modes would be calculated by: (1) Calculating the product of
wattage and allocated hours for all possible low-power modes; (2)
summing the results; and (3) dividing the sum by 1,000 to convert from
Wh to kWh. For each product, DOE estimated the hours allocated to each
mode, and for those products with both electronic controls and a
mechanical on/off switch, DOE proposed to evenly split the hours
between inactive mode and off mode. For the per-cycle energy use
metrics for dishwashers and conventional cooking products, this value
would be divided by the proposed annual active use cycles per year. For
dehumidifiers, which measure energy use over a 24-hour period, the
annual energy use in the low-power mode would be divided by the active
mode hours per year and multiplied by 24 hours. 75 FR 75290, 75306,
75310-15 (Dec. 2, 2010).
As an alternate approach for dishwashers and conventional cooking
products, DOE also proposed measuring power consumption for only off
and inactive modes for the purpose of calculating the total energy
consumed in all low-power modes. Using this approach, energy use in
delay start and cycle finished mode would be accounted for by
allocating all the hours not associated with active washing or cooking
mode to the inactive (standby) and off modes and then measuring standby
or off mode power. For dehumidifiers, DOE considered the possibility of
a similar alternative approach in which energy use in which all hours
other than active dehumidification mode would be allocated to inactive
mode, off-cycle mode, and off mode. DOE observed that dehumidifiers are
generally capable of either off mode or inactive mode, depending on the
type of controls, when the unit is plugged in but not turned on. Each
type of dehumidifier would operate in off-cycle mode when the unit is
powered on and the relative humidity level in the room is below the
dehumidifier humidity set point. 75 FR 75290, 75306, 76308, 75310-13
(Dec. 2, 2010). DOE retained these proposals in the September 2011
SNOPR and received comments in support of the alternate approach. As a
result, DOE proposed the alternate approach for dishwashers and
conventional cooking products in the May 2012 SNOPR. 77 FR 31444, 31451
(May 25, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, the California Utilities, PG&E, and Whirlpool opposed
the allocation of annual hours to different modes proposed for the
dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional cooking products test
procedures, commenting that DOE did not base the proposals on
sufficient U.S. consumer use data. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool further
commented that if DOE moves forward with its proposal, the alternative
approach is preferable. (AHAM, No. 14 at pp. 9-14; AHAM, No. 27 at p.
13; AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 85, 97-98, 109;
BSH, No. 28 at p. 11; California Utilities, No. 16 at p. 3; PG&E, No.
17 at p. 3; Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 6; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1, 3)
The California Utilities and PG&E commented that delay start mode
should be measured as part of active mode, but supported including
delay start energy use in standby mode energy use as a temporary
measure. ASAP, the California Utilities, and PG&E questioned DOE's
estimates of the annual hours spent in cycle finished mode, while GE
stated that DOE's estimates for dehumidifier bucket full/removed mode
are too high. (ASAP, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 109-
110; California Utilities, No. 16 at pp. 2, 4; PG&E, No. 17 at pp. 2,4;
Whirlpool, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 94-95)
ASAP, the California Utilities, the NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, and
PG&E stated that DOE should specify the placement of the mechanical on/
off switch so that consumers would turn the product off, thereby
justifying the proposed split between inactive mode and off mode hours.
AHAM (ASAP, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 87, 109;
California Utilities, No. 16 at p. 4; NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, No. 13
at p. 6; PG&E, No. 17 at p. 4) AHAM commented that DOE should require
that mechanical on/off switch be accessible to the consumer, but should
not specify product design. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 12)
In today's final rule, DOE maintains its determination from the May
2012 SNOPR for both dishwashers and conventional cooking products, and,
as contemplated in the December 2010 NOPR, makes a similar
determination for dehumidifiers, that the power consumption in each of
the low-power modes is similar, and that in such a case, measuring
power consumption of each mode separately would introduce significant
test burden without a corresponding improvement in a representative
measure of annual energy use. In consideration of support from
interested parties for the alternate calculation method and the lack of
additional consumer use data that would improve the original proposal,
DOE establishes in the new dishwasher and amended conventional cooking
products test procedures provisions to account for standby mode and off
mode energy use by measuring inactive mode and off mode power
consumption only, and allocating that power consumption to all hours
spent in the low-power modes combined.
The same alternative calculation of combined low-power mode energy
use is adopted in today's final rule in the new dehumidifier test
procedure. The provisions require that dehumidifiers with off mode
capability (i.e., those units with electronic controls that may be shut
off with a mechanical switch or with mechanical controls) shall be
measured in off mode and off-cycle mode. For dehumidifiers not capable
of operation in off mode (i.e., units with electronic controls that may
not be shut off with a mechanical switch), inactive mode and off-cycle
mode shall be measured. The annual hours for all low-power modes
combined shall be split evenly between off-cycle mode and either
inactive mode and off mode, depending on the unit's capability.
Although DOE did not previously propose this specific alternative
methodology for dehumidifiers, it suggested that such an approach could
be adopted in the final rule. DOE is adopting this approach today after
noting the preponderance of supporting comments for the alternative
approach, and weighing carefully the benefits of
[[Page 65959]]
reduced testing burden of this approach against the minor improvements
in accuracy of the standby mode and off mode energy use obtained by
measuring each low-power mode separately.
2. Fan-Only Mode
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed to define fan-only mode in the
test procedures for dishwashers and conventional cooking products as an
active mode in which a fan circulates air for a finite period of time
after the end of the dishwasher cycle or conventional cooking product
heating function, as indicated to the consumer. DOE also proposed
provisions to measure energy use in fan-only mode, in which the power
consumption and duration of fan-only mode would be measured at the end
of each active mode cycle required by the test procedure, and the
resulting energy consumption would be included in the energy efficiency
metrics for that product. 77 FR 31444, 31451 (May 25, 2012).
In response to the May 2012 SNOPR, the NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment
stated that it supports incorporating measurement of fan-only mode
energy use in the dishwasher and conventional cooking products test
procedures, as this would provide an incentive to manufacturers to
reduce fan-only mode energy consumption. (NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment,
No. 29 at p. 1) AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool stated they would not oppose
the measurement of fan-only mode energy use for dishwashers or
conventional cooking products, as long as fan-only mode is not a user-
selectable option. Whirlpool commented that classifying fan-only mode
as part of active mode would be consistent with a determination that
active mode persists until the end of the operating cycle. However,
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool stated that measuring energy consumption in
this mode according to the proposed method would represent a
significant burden due to the increased length of each test. AHAM, BSH,
and Whirlpool recommended that DOE allow as an option a one-time
measurement or sampling approach to measure fan-only mode energy use
over a brief time period combined with a calculation to properly
account for its contribution to annual energy use in the test
procedures for dishwashers and conventional cooking products. (AHAM,
No. 27 at pp. 2-3; BSH, No. 28 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1-2)
Whirlpool further commented that DOE's estimate that a dishwasher
fan could run for 4 hours after each cycle, consuming 17 kWh per year
or 4.7 percent of the current maximum energy consumption, was
incorrect. Whirlpool stated that fan operation is a function of the
residual heat remaining in the unit after completion of the wash cycle
and the degree of drying selected, and thus, the fan will not operate
for this length of time on every cycle. Whirlpool similarly commented
that DOE's estimate that a conventional cooking product fan could run
for 3.5 hours after each cycle, consuming as much as 38 kWh per year,
was incorrect because fan operation is a function of the residual heat
remaining in the unit after completion of the cooking cycle and of the
ambient temperature. (Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 2)
As part of the calculation in the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE provided a
range of the annual impacts of fan-only energy consumption in
residential dishwashers and conventional cooking products. While DOE
agrees that most dishwashers and conventional cooking products will not
operate in fan-only mode for 4 hours or 3.5 hours, respectively, DOE is
aware of products capable of these durations, and therefore concludes
that the values in the May 2012 SNOPR are appropriate estimates of the
maximum amount of energy consumed in this mode. However, the proposal
for dishwasher and conventional cooking product test methods for
measuring energy use in fan-only mode in the May 2012 SNOPR would be
based on the actual length of fan-only mode for the product under test.
For the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE continued to propose the methodology
first proposed in the May 2012 SNOPR, and also provided an alternative
methodology to reduce test burden in which, if fan-only mode is not a
user-selectable option, the power consumption would be measured for a
brief time period, such as 10 minutes, and then extrapolated over the
length of the entire fan-only mode cycle. DOE sought representative
data on the length of the fan-only mode cycle for dishwashers and
conventional cooking products. 77 FR 49064, 49067 (Aug. 15, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool support the alternative approach
under which the energy use of fan-only mode would be measured only if
is not a user-selectable option, although they noted this approach
could produce non-representative results if the energy use during fan-
only mode is not constant. These commenters cited an example in which
the fan could stop and start over the course of the fan-only mode, or
it could operate at a different wattage at times other than during the
sampling period. Therefore, AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool suggest
that DOE include language to require that the measured time period of
10 minutes be representative of average energy usage. If the
measurement period is not representative, the full fan-only mode should
be measured. (AHAM, No. 35 at pp. 9-10; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; Samsung,
No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) ASAP, NCLC, and NRDC,
jointly (hereafter the ``SNOPR3 Joint Comment'') support measuring fan-
only mode energy use for the duration of fan-only mode, as originally
proposed in the May 2012 SNOPR. These commenters stated they are not
aware of available data on the representative cycle times of fan-only
mode for dishwashers or conventional cooking products, and that given
the wide variations in fan-only cycle times observed in the products,
any assumed cycle time would result in significantly over-estimating or
under-estimating the actual energy consumption in fan-only mode for a
majority of products. (SNOPR3 Joint Comment, No. 37 at pp. 1-2)
Measuring fan-only mode energy use over the full duration of fan-
only mode may provide slightly more accuracy in the results, but such
an approach can represent significant testing burden in the event that
the duration of fan-only mode extends to several hours. Additionally,
DOE agrees with the SNOPR3 Joint Comment that any single value for a
representative duration of fan-only mode for a dishwasher or
conventional cooking product that DOE may prescribe in its test
procedures would likely not result in representative energy use for a
number of such products. To use the alternate method and extrapolate
the results over the duration of fan-only mode, manufacturers must know
and use the length of the fan-only mode operation. Use of the
alternative approach would substantially reduce testing burden while
resulting in representative energy use for this mode. Therefore, in
today's final rule, DOE adopts provisions in the new dishwasher test
procedure and amends the current conventional cooking products test
procedure to include the methodology proposed in the May 2012 SNOPR for
measuring energy use over the full duration of fan-only mode, but also
allow the choice of the alternative method, using a testing duration of
10 minutes, where the duration of fan-only mode is known and the
resulting energy use extrapolated over the entire fan-only mode will be
representative. For conventional cooking products, DOE's proposed
amendments for measuring fan-only mode energy use are corrected in
today's final rule so that the energy use
[[Page 65960]]
is determined in kilowatt-hours rather than hours.
AHAM and Whirlpool also commented that DOE should clarify what ``as
indicated to the consumer'' means in the fan-only mode definition.
According to AHAM, this could refer to the end of the heating function
for a cooking product or dishwasher cycle, or when the consumer is
notified of the end of the heating function or dishwasher cycle and the
fan is running, or something else. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 2; Whirlpool,
No. 26 at p. 1) In today's final rule, DOE provides further
clarification in the definition of fan-only mode that indication to the
consumer of the end of the cycle is by means of a display, indicator
light, or audible signal.
3. Dishwasher Water Softener Regeneration
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed a method for measuring the
energy consumed during regeneration cycles for water softeners built
into certain residential dishwashers. The proposed test procedure would
measure the machine electrical energy consumption and the water
consumption of a water softener regeneration cycle. DOE considered
information submitted by manufacturers in petitions for waiver from the
DOE test procedure to determine an appropriate method for incorporating
water softener regeneration energy and water consumption into the
overall metrics. 77 FR 31444, 31449-52 (May 25, 2012).
The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment supported the proposed water softener
regeneration test procedure, and noted that the test procedure would
eliminate the need for additional test procedure waivers. (NOPR/SNOPR2
Joint Comment, No. 29 at p. 1) AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool opposed the
proposed test method because it would be burdensome and result in only
a small amount of additional measured energy and water consumption.
Whirlpool commented that it submitted detailed data on the frequency,
energy use, and water use of water softeners in its petition for
wavier, and in granting the waiver, DOE agreed to add constant values
of 4 kWh and 23 gallons per year to the results calculated under the
test procedure. According to Whirlpool, these represent a very modest
amount of annual energy and water consumption. (AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 3-
4; BSH, No. 28 at p. 2; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp.
1-3; Whirlpool, No. 34 at p. 2)
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool noted that the proposed test method is not
consistent with the approach taken by the European standards EN 50242/
EN 60436 and the IEC Standard 60436, which disregard energy and water
consumption during water softener regeneration, and that the lack of
harmonization increases test burden. These commenters also stated that
if the water softener does not operate as part of the ``normal'' energy
cycle and is user selectable, it should be treated like other options
in the test procedure and should not be measured. (AHAM, No. 27 at p.
4; BSH, No. 28 at pp. 2-3; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 26 at
pp. 1-3; Whirlpool, No. 34 at p. 2)
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool further stated that DOE overestimated the
energy use associated with water softener regeneration cycles because
it did not account for households with hard water that use home water
softening systems. According to BSH, dishwashers with built-in water
softening systems are the most costly units, and homes that can afford
these high-end dishwashers and have water hardness above 180 parts per
million (ppm) (the maximum water hardness for which modern phosphate-
free detergents are effective) are more likely to have home water
softening systems, although BSH did not provide supporting data. BSH
stated that it produces about 50,000 units per year with built-in water
softening systems, totaling a small amount of energy consumption for
water softener regeneration according to the current waiver calculation
methods. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 4; BSH, No. 28 at p. 2; BSH, No. 36 at p.
2; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment stated that
in the absence of data regarding the percentage of households with hard
water that have their entire water supply softened, DOE's assumption
that all dishwashers with built-in water softeners perform the periodic
regeneration is reasonable. (NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, No. 29 at pp.
1-2)
Whirlpool also commented that specifying an exact test water
hardness of 217 mg/L (12.7 grains) would not be practical, and a
tolerance would be required, such as 9 to 14 grains, allowing
laboratories to use existing water supplies and reduce the additional
test burden of special mixing of water for this test. (Whirlpool, No.
26 at p. 3)
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool commented that if DOE includes water
softener regeneration in the test procedure, DOE should adopt a method
of adding constant values for the water and energy use, similar to the
method DOE agreed to in the test procedure waivers, which would be
provided by the manufacturer and would account for regeneration
frequency, water use, and energy use. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 4; BSH, No.
28 at p. 3; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1, 3;
Whirlpool, No. 34 at p. 2)
In the waivers granted to manufacturers for water softening
dishwashers, DOE has already determined that the energy and water use
for water softener regeneration, although small in comparison to the
overall energy and water use of the dishwasher, must be included to
accurately represent true energy and water consumption characteristics.
DOE recognizes that the proposed methodology to measure water softener
regeneration would result in a significant increase in testing burden,
by requiring up to 10 additional testing cycles to determine the energy
and water use associated with that process. The waivers granted to
manufacturers of different water softening dishwashers demonstrate that
the values for the additional water and energy consumption necessary
for water softener regeneration, as well as the frequency of the
regeneration process, will vary depending on the specific model of
dishwasher. For that reason, DOE cannot adopt fixed values for these
parameters in the dishwasher test procedure. As an alternative approach
that will minimize significantly the testing burden for including water
softener regeneration in the dishwasher test procedure, DOE adopts in
appendix C1 measures of energy and water consumption for water softener
regeneration using manufacturer-reported values for the energy and
water use for each regeneration cycle and the number of annual
regeneration cycles. In today's final rule, DOE also amends 10 CFR
429.19 to require manufacturers to certify and submit to DOE the fixed
values, along with data and calculations by which they are derived, for
each basic dishwasher model equipped with a built-in water softener
system.
DOE does not have data available at this time to determine the
percentage of households with hard water that have their entire water
supply softened, and for that reason does not provide an adjustment
factor to the energy and water use calculations adopted in today's
final rule. Because DOE is not adopting methodology for conducting
water softener regeneration testing, but instead is incorporating
energy and water use measures by means of fixed values, DOE is not
adding any specification in the new dishwasher test procedure for the
supply water hardness.
[[Page 65961]]
G. Measures of Energy Consumption
For the December 2010 NOPR, DOE analyzed whether it is technically
feasible, as required by EPCA, to combine the existing measures of
energy consumption for dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional
cooking products with standby mode and off mode energy use to form a
single metric. DOE's tentative conclusions at that time are discussed
as follows.
1. Dishwashers
Because the dishwasher test procedure already combines measures of
active mode energy consumption and a simplified measure of standby mode
energy use to derive EAEU, the current energy use metric for standards,
it is technically feasible to incorporate standby mode and off mode
energy consumption into the overall energy efficiency descriptor.
Furthermore, DOE noted in the December 2010 NOPR that its analysis of
overall energy use for dishwashers shows that the standby mode and off
mode energy use is of a magnitude that it would materially affect that
standard-setting process without overwhelming the effects of differing
levels of active mode energy use . Therefore, a combined measure of
energy efficiency for dishwashers is a meaningful measure. DOE proposed
to amend the calculation of EAEU to incorporate the revised measures of
standby mode and off mode energy consumption, and the revised EAEU
metric would satisfy the EPCA requirement to integrate standby mode and
off mode energy consumption into the overall energy consumption metric.
75 FR 75290, 75314 (Dec. 2, 2010).
EPCA requires that DOE must determine to what extent, if any, a
proposed test procedure would alter the measured energy efficiency of
any covered product as determined under the existing test procedure.
(42 U.S.C. 6293(e)(1)) The current DOE dishwasher test procedure
defines ``standby mode'' as the lowest power consumption mode which
cannot be switched off or influenced by the user. DOE proposed in the
December 2010 NOPR to measure an additional standby mode (i.e., cycle
finished mode). However, the proposed amendments clarified that the
provisions related to the new measures of energy consumption in standby
mode and off mode would not be required to be used by manufacturers
until the compliance date of any amended dishwasher standards
addressing standby mode and off mode energy use. Therefore, the
proposed amendments to the dishwasher test procedure regarding standby
mode and off mode would not alter the measured efficiency of any
covered product under the existing test procedure. 75 FR 75290, 75314
(Dec. 2, 2010).
Because the current dishwasher test procedure already incorporates
standby energy use in the EAOC, it is technically feasible to
incorporate both standby mode and off mode energy use into the EAOC.
Therefore, DOE proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to amend the EAOC
calculation to incorporate the revised measures of standby mode and off
mode energy consumption. Id.
The dishwasher test procedure currently provides instructions for
rounding EAOC to the nearest dollar per year. 10 CFR 430.23(c)(1).
However, no instructions are provided for rounding the final values of
EAEU or water consumption per cycle (the metrics for the current
dishwasher energy conservation standards), nor the contributory
measurements and interim calculations. This lack of specificity for
rounding may lead to uncertainty in the reported metrics or to
discrepancies among test laboratories for the same product, resulting
in difficulty for regulated entities to ascertain, certify, and report
compliance with the existing standards. Therefore, DOE proposed in the
December 2010 NOPR to add instructions to 10 CFR 430.23(c) requiring
that water consumption be rounded to one decimal place, and EAEU be
rounded to the nearest whole kWh/year. DOE also proposed at that time
to provide rounding instructions for EF, but as discussed in section
III.J, is removing provisions for determining EF because it is
obsolete. 75 FR 75290, 75314 (Dec. 2, 2010).
AHAM commented that is did not oppose modifying the existing EAEU
metric for dishwashers as proposed, and supported the rounding
instructions proposed. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 12) Whirlpool stated that,
although it is technically feasible to create an integrated metric for
dishwashers, delay start mode and cycle finished mode represent de-
minimus contributors to EAEU and EAOC. According to Whirlpool, the
annual cost of energy consumed in inactive/off mode would range from $0
to $0.65. Whirlpool stated that measurement of these modes adds cost
and complication to the test procedure with no corresponding value, and
should not be included in the test procedure. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p.
6) Because integrated dishwasher energy use metrics are technically
feasible, DOE revises in today's final rule the EAEU and EAOC metrics
in the new dishwasher test procedure to incorporate measures of standby
mode and off mode energy use, as required by 42 U.S.C. 6295(gg). DOE
also adopts in 10 CFR 430.23(c) the rounding instructions for EAEU and
water consumption that were proposed in the December 2010 NOPR.
2. Dehumidifiers
The DOE test procedure for dehumidifiers currently only
incorporates energy consumption in the form of EF (see 10 CFR part 430,
subpart B, appendix X for details). EF, defined as liters of water
removed from the air per kWh, is the metric for the current energy
conservation standards for dehumidifiers. (10 CFR 430.32(v)) The
current DOE test procedure for dehumidifiers does not account for
standby mode and off mode energy use.
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE noted that its analysis of overall
energy use for dehumidifiers indicates the standby mode and off mode
energy use is of a magnitude that it would materially affect that
standard-setting process without overwhelming the effects of differing
levels of active mode energy use. Therefore, DOE stated that a combined
measure of energy efficiency for dehumidifiers is a meaningful measure.
75 FR 75290, 75314-15 (Dec. 2, 2010).
DOE proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to establish an integrated
energy factor (IEF) measure to account for the product's energy use in
standby mode and off mode, as well as the energy use of the product's
main functions. DOE noted that the calculation of EF represents the
liters of water removed from the air per kWh of energy consumed over a
given period of time, such as the number of active mode hours per year.
If the ratio of the annual standby mode and off mode hours to the
annual active mode hours is used to apportion standby mode and off mode
power consumption over the active mode test period of one day, it is
possible to calculate an IEF that incorporates both the efficiency of
water removal from the air and the standby mode and off mode energy
consumption. DOE proposed to calculate IEF using the following
calculation: (The liters of water removed over the active mode test
cycle)/((the active mode energy consumption over the active mode test
cycle) + ((the standby mode and off mode annual energy consumption \14\
x 24 hours)/(the active mode hours per year))). 75 FR 75290, 75315
(Dec. 2, 2010).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\14\ The standby mode and off mode annual energy consumption is
equivalent to the average standby mode and off mode power multiplied
by the number of standby mode and off mode hours per year.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 65962]]
Section 3 of the current dehumidifier test procedure provides
instructions for rounding EF to two decimal places. DOE proposed in the
December 2010 NOPR to round the IEF value to two decimal places as
well. Id.
AHAM stated that is did not oppose the proposed integrated metric
for dehumidifiers, and supports the rounding instructions proposed.
(AHAM, No. 14 at p. 12) Whirlpool stated that, although it is
technically feasible to create an integrated metric for dehumidifiers,
delay start mode and bucket full/removed mode represent de-minimus
contributors to annual energy consumption and operating cost. According
to Whirlpool, the annual cost of energy consumed in off-cycle and
inactive modes would range from $0 to $0.36. Whirlpool stated that
measurement of these modes adds cost and complication to the test
procedure with no corresponding value, and should not be included in
the test procedure. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 6) Because an integrated
dehumidifier energy use metric is technically feasible, DOE adopts in
today's final rule the new IEF metric in the new dehumidifier test
procedure to incorporate measures of standby mode and off mode energy
use, as required by 42 U.S.C. 6295(gg). DOE also adopts the rounding
instructions for IEF that were proposed in the December 2010 NOPR.
3. Conventional Cooking Products
The DOE test procedures for conventional cooking tops, ovens, and
ranges currently incorporate various measures of energy consumption.
These include test energy consumption, annual cooking energy
consumption, annual energy consumption of any continuously-burning
pilot lights, annual self-cleaning energy consumption, annual clock
energy consumption, total annual energy consumption, and cooking
efficiency. (See 10 CFR part 430, subpart B, appendix I.) The test
procedure also provides a calculation for EF \15\ and EAOC. Although
there are no current energy conservation standards based on performance
for conventional cooking products (see 10 CFR 430.32(j)), historically,
DOE's rulemaking analyses when considering standards have used EF as
the energy conservation metric for conventional cooking products.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\15\ ``Energy factor'' is defined as the ratio of the annual
useful energy output to the total annual energy input.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE noted that the conventional cooking
products test procedure currently combines measures of energy
consumption and narrow forms of standby energy use, including
continuously-operating clock and gas standing pilot light energy
consumption, to derive an overall ``energy efficiency measure.''
Therefore, a combined measure of energy efficiency for conventional
cooking products has already been demonstrated to be a workable and
meaningful measure. For this reason, DOE tentatively concluded that it
would be technically feasible to incorporate standby mode and off mode
energy consumption into the overall energy efficiency descriptor (i.e.,
EF). In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE proposed to establish, for
conventional electric ovens, the ``integrated annual energy
consumption,'' defined as the sum of the annual standby mode and off
mode energy consumption, annual primary cooking energy consumption, and
annual primary self-cleaning energy consumption, expressed in kWh. For
conventional gas ovens that use electrical energy, the ``integrated
annual electrical energy consumption'' would be defined as the sum of
the annual standby mode and off mode energy consumption, annual
secondary cooking energy consumption,\16\ and annual secondary self-
cleaning energy consumption, expressed in kWh. For conventional
electric ovens, IEF would be defined as the (annual useful cooking
energy output)/(integrated annual energy consumption). For conventional
gas ovens, IEF would be defined as the (annual useful cooking energy
output)/(annual gas energy consumption + integrated annual electrical
energy consumption). DOE also proposed similar integrated annual energy
consumption and IEF metrics for multiple conventional ovens (i.e.,
cooking appliances that include more than one conventional oven). 75 FR
75290, 75315 (Dec. 2, 2010).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\16\ ``Secondary cooking energy consumption'' includes any
electrical energy consumption of a conventional gas cooking product
during active mode operation.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Also in the December 2010 NOPR, DOE proposed to establish measures
integrating the product's energy use in standby mode and off mode with
energy use during the main functions of the products. For conventional
electric cooktops, the ``integrated annual energy consumption'' would
be defined as the (annual standby mode and off mode energy consumption)
+ (annual useful cooking energy output/conventional cooktop cooking
efficiency), expressed in kWh. For conventional gas cooktops, the
``integrated annual electrical energy consumption'' would be defined as
the sum of the annual standby mode and off mode energy consumption,
annual energy consumption for cooking, and annual energy consumption of
the gas standing pilot light, expressed in kWh. For conventional
electric cooktops, IEF would be defined as the annual useful cooking
energy output divided by the electric cooktop integrated annual energy
consumption. For conventional gas cooktops, IEF would be defined as the
annual useful cooking energy output divided by the gas cooktop
integrated annual energy consumption. Id.
DOE proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to establish the following
measures of energy consumption for conventional kitchen ranges (i.e., a
cooktop and oven combined). ``Integrated annual energy consumption''
would be the sum of the annual cooking energy consumption of each of
its components plus the conventional range annual standby mode and off
mode energy consumption.\17\ The IEF of a kitchen range would be the
sum of the annual useful cooking energy output of each component
divided by the sum of the integrated annual energy consumption of each
component. 75 FR 75290, 75315-16 (Dec. 2, 2010).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\17\ DOE proposes to measure the standby mode and off mode
energy consumption for a conventional range as a single product and
to add the standby mode and off mode energy consumption separately
in the calculation of the integrated annual energy consumption. It
proposes this so that the standby mode and off mode power
consumption is not measured separately for each component (i.e.,
cooktop and oven) and then summed with the cooking annual energy
consumption, which would effectively double count the contribution
of standby mode and off mode energy consumption.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DOE is also proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to amend the
estimated annual energy cost calculations in 10 CFR 430.23(i) to
include the cost of energy consumed in standby mode and off mode for
conventional cooking products. 75 FR 75290, 75316 (Dec. 2, 2010). The
cooking products test procedure currently provides instructions for
rounding EAOC to the nearest dollar per year, and the cooking
efficiency and energy factor to three significant digits. 10 CFR
430.23(i)(1), (2), (4). DOE proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to amend
the test procedure to provide similar instructions requiring that EAOC
based on total integrated annual electrical energy consumption be
rounded to the nearest dollar per year and IEF to three significant
digits. 75 FR 75290, 75316 (Dec. 2, 2010).
AHAM commented that is did not oppose the proposed integrated
metrics for conventional cooking products, and supports the rounding
instructions
[[Page 65963]]
proposed. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 12) Whirlpool stated that, although it is
technically feasible to create an integrated metric for conventional
cooking products, delay start mode, cycle finished mode, and Sabbath
mode represent de-minimus contributors to annual energy consumption and
operating cost. Whirlpool stated that measurement of these modes adds
cost and complication to the test procedure with no corresponding
value, and should not be included in the test procedure. (Whirlpool,
No. 12 at p. 6) ASAP stated that an integrated metric for conventional
cooking products could preclude the possibility of a future standard
for standby energy use for conventional cooking products, as is being
considered for microwave ovens. (ASAP, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript,
No. 10 at p. 120.
Because integrated energy use metrics for conventional cooking
products are technically feasible, DOE adopts in today's final rule new
IEF and integrated annual energy consumption metrics in the cooking
products test procedure as described to incorporate measures of standby
mode and off mode energy use, as required by 42 U.S.C. 6295(gg). The
cooking products test procedure amendments also include separate
measures of standby mode and off mode energy use that feed into the
calculation of IEF. Should DOE in the future consider new energy
efficiency standards for conventional cooking products, DOE will take
appropriate action consistent with 42 U.S.C. 6295(gg). DOE also amends
in 10 CFR 430.23(i) the estimated annual energy cost calculations to
include the cost of energy consumed in standby mode and off mode for
conventional cooking products, as well as to provide rounding
instructions for EAOC and IEF as proposed in the December 2010 NOPR.
H. Dishwasher Test Procedure Clarifications
1. Energy Test Cycle Selection and Normal Cycle Definition
DOE proposed in the May 2012 SNOPR that soil-sensing dishwashers be
tested on the normal cycle under section 2.6.3 of appendix C if soil-
sensing is available as an option in the normal cycle. If soil-sensing
is not available for the normal cycle, DOE proposed that the dishwasher
be tested by selecting the cycle type that uses the soil-sensing
system, and contains all the elements of a normal cycle including the
power-dry feature (if such a feature is provided). 77 FR 31444, 31452-
53 (May 25, 2010). DOE continued to propose this clarification in the
August 2012 SNOPR and further proposed that, for units with multiple
temperature options, the unit shall be tested at the manufacturer-
recommended setting, or absent a manufacturer recommendation, at the
highest temperature setting. 77 FR 49064, 49065-66 (Aug. 15, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool opposed the proposals in the May 2012
SNOPR and the August 2012 SNOPR, stating that it contradicts the
definition of normal cycle, may not represent typical consumer usage,
and creates confusion for the tester and consumer. These commenters
stated that the ``normal cycle'' is the appropriate energy test cycle,
and manufacturers must assume the consumer will use the manufacturer-
recommended cycle even if that cycle is non-soil-sensing on a
dishwasher capable of soil-sensing. The commenters further stated that
manufacturers may do this in order to provide soil-sensing only on a
specialty cycle(s), such as the cycle intended for washing pots and
pans, and then recommend the non-soil-sensing normal cycle to
completely wash a full load of normally soiled dishes. Additionally,
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool noted that it is difficult to determine which
cycles use the soil sensor. (AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 4-6; BSH, No 28. at
pp. 3-4; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 88-89) AHAM commented that DOE issued
guidance in 2010 stating that a soil-sensing cycle is to be used, even
if the normal cycle is fixed. AHAM stated that to some, this guidance
changed the interpretation of the test procedure. (AHAM, 2012 Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 85-86)
Additionally, AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool pointed out that a
manufacturer may make multiple recommendations for cycles that would
completely wash a full load of normally soiled dishes, which could
invite manufacturer recommendation of alternative cycles or option
combinations that could be interpreted by consumers to be alternatives
to the ``normal cycle''. These commenters stated it is therefore
logical that the energy test cycle and ``normal cycle'' should be the
cycle most commonly used by consumers on an everyday basis.
Accordingly, AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool suggested that the definition of
``normal cycle'' be revised to clarify that intent, and to encourage
manufacturers to recommend cycles to the consumer that are consistent
with the energy and water use measured by the test procedure. In
response to the May 2012 SNOPR, they proposed the following definition
for normal cycle: ``normal cycle means the cycle type recommended by
the manufacturer for daily, regular, or typical use to completely wash
a full load of normally soiled dishes, including the power-dry feature.
If multiple cycles are recommended by the manufacturer for daily,
regular, or typical use to completely wash a full load of normally
soiled dishes, the most energy intensive of those recommended cycles
shall be considered the normal cycle for the purposes of this test
procedure.'' AHAM and Whirlpool opposed the specification of
temperature options in the normal cycle definition, but commented that
if DOE adds temperature options to that definition, DOE should require
selection of the highest temperature settings in the absence of
manufacturer recommendations. BSH also supported a requirement to
select the highest temperature settings in the absence of manufacturer
recommendations. AHAM and Whirlpool stated that, in the absence of data
indicating which temperature settings are most representative of actual
consumer use, consumers could select the highest temperature settings.
(AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 5-6; AHAM, No. 35 at p. 6; BSH, No. 28 at pp. 3-4;
BSH, No. 36 at p. 2; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp.
1, 4; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1)
In response to DOE's updated proposal for the definition of
``normal cycle'' in the August 2012 SNOPR, AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and
Whirlpool submitted a revised definition which would state that the
``[n]ormal cycle means the cycle type recommended in the manufacturer's
instructions for daily, regular, or typical use to completely wash a
full load of normally soiled dishes, including the power-dry feature.
If no cycle or more than one cycle is recommended in the manufacturer's
instructions for daily, regular, or typical use to completely wash a
full load of normally soiled dishes, the most energy intensive of these
cycles shall be considered the normal cycle for purposes of this test
procedure.'' (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 6; BSH, No. 36 at pp. 2-3; Samsung,
No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1)
Whirlpool commented that DOE should include a ``statement of
intent'' in the dishwasher test procedure to clarify the test procedure
for new technology developments, and to prevent manufacturers from
creating a specifically designed test cycle that fails to perform the
functions desired by the consumer, similar to a recent refrigerator
rulemaking. (Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 3-4; Whirlpool, No. 32 at pp. 1-
2) Samsung also requested that DOE add a statement of intent to help
[[Page 65964]]
manufacturers, certification bodies, and consumers understand that the
intent of the energy test cycle selection is to reflect the
representativeness of the test procedure to consumer use conditions.
(Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1) According to BSH, however, any additional
statements of intent and/or additional wording seeking to further
clarify the definition may, in some cases, result in confusion as to
what cycle should be selected for testing. (BSH, No. 36 at p. 2)
Under EPCA, any test procedure for consumer products that DOE
prescribes or amends shall be reasonably designed to produce test
results which measure energy consumption or energy efficiency of these
products during a representative average use cycle or period of use.
(42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3)) DOE is aware of products available on the market
that have multiple cycles recommended by the manufacturer for washing a
full load of normally soiled dishes, and that for soil-sensing
dishwasher these cycles may be soil-sensing or non-soil sensing. Upon
consideration of the arguments put forth by commenters that consumers
are most likely to select cycles that are recommended by the
manufacturer when washing a full load of normally soiled dishes, DOE
determines that it would be contrary to the EPCA requirements if DOE
were to require the preferential selection of a soil-sensing cycle for
a soil-sensing dishwasher, regardless of the manufacturer's
instructions to the consumer. Therefore, DOE agrees with the
stakeholder recommendation for the definition of normal cycle,
including the requirement to test on the most energy-intensive of
multiple recommended cycles or, in the absence of a manufacturer
recommendation, the most energy-intensive of all cycles. Because the
most energy-intensive cycle would include the highest energy
consumption temperature options for washing and drying, DOE includes
such a clarification in the definition of the normal cycle in appendix
C1, which would be required to be used on the compliance date of any
final amended standards for dishwashers (i.e., May 30, 2013 unless the
direct final rule issued on May 30, 2012 is withdrawn). On that
compliance date, the definition of normal cycle that DOE adopts in
today's final rule supersedes the 2010 guidance. For the reasons
discussed above, DOE withdraws the guidance effective May 30, 2013
(unless the direct final rule issued on May 30, 2012 is withdrawn, in
which case the guidance will remain in effect). DOE also clarifies in
appendix C1 that ``non-soil-sensing dishwasher'' refers to a dishwasher
that does not have the ability to adjust automatically any energy
consuming aspect of the normal cycle based on the soil load of the
dishes, and that a ``soil-sensing-dishwasher'' does have the ability to
adjust automatically any energy consuming aspect of the normal cycle
based on the soil load of the dishes. In addition, DOE clarifies that
soil-sensing dishwashers shall be tested on the normal cycle.
Furthermore, DOE has not included a statement of intent in the
amendments to the dishwasher test procedure adopted in today's final
rule. EPCA's requirement that test procedures measure energy
efficiency, energy use or water use during a representative average use
cycle obviates the need for specific clarification of that purpose in
the residential dishwasher test procedure in the absence of any
indication that manufacturers are designing products that test under
conditions different than those used by the consumer.
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool recommend that manufacturers be required
to submit with their certification reports: (1) Whether the unit is
soil-sensing; (2) the cycle selected for the energy test; and (3) the
options selected for the energy test. AHAM also recommended
manufacturers certify in the report whether the test cycle is soil-
sensing. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool suggested that manufacturers include
a clear recommendation for the cycle setting and options in their use
and care guides, or on the product controls. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 6;
AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 87; BSH, No. 28 at
pp. 4-5; BSH, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 91-92;
Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) Intertek commented that currently, the only
way for laboratories to know if a unit has a soil sensor is to
reference the use and care manual. (Intertek, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at p. 91) BSH and Whirlpool indicated that their
user manuals likely indicate whether a unit has a soil sensor, while GE
noted their manuals do not necessarily indicate which cycles are soil-
sensing, and which are fixed. (BSH, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No.
38 at p. 92; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p.
92; GE, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 98)
DOE notes that the certification requirements for dishwashers
included in 10 CFR part 429.19 require manufacturers to report the
following information for each certified basic model: the capacity in
number of place settings as specified in ANSI/AHAM DW-1, presence of a
soil sensor (if yes, the number of cycles required to reach
calibration), and the water inlet temperature used for testing in
[deg]F. In today's final rule, DOE determined, for reproducibility of
the test procedure, to additionally require that manufacturers submit
the cycle used for energy testing, whether that cycle is soil-sensing,
and the options selected for that cycle during energy testing.
2. Preconditioning
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed that, for soil-sensing
dishwashers, the cycle setting for the active mode cycle (in which the
soil sensor is active) be selected for the preconditioning cycle. 77 FR
31444, 31452 (May 25, 2012). In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE additionally
proposed requiring two preconditioning cycles to ensure the soil sensor
is properly calibrated, and to clean any debris out of the dishwasher
prior to testing. 77 FR 49064, 49066 (Aug. 15, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool agreed with using the test cycle
for preconditioning, but also commented that the definition of
preconditioning is vague and not adequate for the way some products
operate today. They commented that the proposed language may be
confusing, and recommended that the cycle used for preconditioning be
the same as the cycles used for the test. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 9; AHAM,
No. 35 at p. 7; AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp.
107-108; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; BSH, No. 28 at p. 7; Samsung, No. 33 at
p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) AHAM, BSH,
Samsung, and Whirlpool also support the requirement for two
preconditioning cycles. (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 7; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3;
Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) Whirlpool and BSH
commented that some laboratories perform more than one preconditioning
cycle to ensure that the machine is cleaned out and water usage is
quantified, although Whirlpool's products are designed so that the
sensor calibrates in one cycle. Whirlpool acknowledged, however, that
if its dishwasher does not calibrate in the first cycle, then it uses
the next cycle as well, and will keep trying on subsequent cycles if
there is still an error. BSH commented that the action taken if the
sensor fails to calibrate on the first cycle varies from manufacturer
to manufacturer. Whirlpool and BSH stated that they have equipment in
their own laboratories that can determine whether the sensor has
calibrated, but
[[Page 65965]]
they further noted that there is not a clear way for a third-party
laboratory to determine whether the sensor had calibrated, because the
energy and water use that would indicate a calibration process are
model-specific and the sensor responses are complex. According to BSH,
sensor responses may include changes in motor speed and water
temperatures, as well as water consumption. Whirlpool and BSH added
that their sensors are designed to calibrate with clean water, rather
than with a soiled load. (BSH, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38
at pp. 111-113, 115-116, 118; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 109-115, 117, 119-120) Viking Range
Corporation (Viking) commented that user manuals typically contain
energy use information for cycles that would provide an indication to a
laboratory as to whether a calibration occurred. (Viking, 2012 Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 120-121) BSH stated that it provides
a minimum and maximum water consumption, but water use above the
maximum is not necessarily indicative of a problem with calibration.
(BSH, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 122) UL stated that
it performs one preconditioning cycle because that is the
recommendation in ANSI/AHAM DW-1. (UL, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript,
No. 38 at p. 123)
DOE has determined that specifying the energy test cycle would
provide clarity and the most accurate possible water usage measurement
for calculation of detergent dosing. Thus, in appendix C1 established
by today's final rule, DOE includes the requirement that the
preconditioning cycle be conducted using the same cycle setting as the
energy test cycle, as proposed in the May 2012 SNOPR and August 2012
SNOPR. DOE has added further clarification by revising the definition
for ``preconditioning cycle'' to state that it is a normal cycle run
with no test load to ensure that the water lines and sump area of the
pump are primed. DOE also determines that there would be a slight
additional test burden of conducting two preconditioning cycles, but
that this increase is warranted by the improvement in test measurements
by ensuring sensor calibration and cleaning out the machine and is not
unduly burdensome to conduct, as discussed in section III.K. In
addition, specifying two preconditioning cycles would eliminate the
need for laboratories to interpret testing data to determine whether
sensor calibration occurred successfully after the first
preconditioning, thus improving reproducibility of the test procedure.
For these reasons, DOE is requiring the use of two preconditioning
cycles in the dishwasher test procedure established at appendix C1.
3. Detergent
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed determining detergent dosing
using the pre-wash and main wash fill volumes during the
preconditioning cycle, and outlined the calculations for the proper
dosing. Additionally, the proposal updated the type of detergent to the
currently-available ``Cascade with the Grease Fighting Power of Dawn''
powder detergent. 77 FR 31444, 31453 (May 25, 2012). In the August 2012
SNOPR, DOE continued to propose detergent dosing as outlined in the May
2012 SNOPR, with the clarification that the pre-wash and main wash fill
volumes be recorded during the second proposed preconditioning cycle.
77 FR 49064, 49066 (Aug. 15, 2012).
AHAM commented that the proposed detergent dosage calculation
leaves room for interpretation. (AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript,
No. 38 at p. 93) AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool commented that the
concentration approach for detergent dosing may no longer be
representative of actual consumer use because consumers are more likely
to use a monodose detergent. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool recommended that
DOE should base the decision about whether to specify a certain amount
of powder detergent or a unitized dose such as a tablet on consumer
usage data, and cited an AC Nielson Homescan Panel study which found a
trend towards monodose detergents from 2000 to 2011. According to these
commenters, the study showed that dishwasher detergent usage was 14.5
percent monodose, 39 percent gel, and 46.5 percent powder in 2000,
which shifted to 53.5 percent monodose, 28.5 percent gel, and 18
percent powder in 2011. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool stated that a fixed
detergent dose in the dishwasher test procedure would be more
representative of consumer usage, less burdensome, and more accurate
than the powder detergent dosage currently required, which can vary
from test to test due to its complexity. AHAM and Whirlpool further
commented that DOE may also consider consumer use of monodose tablets
including rinse aid. (AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 10-11; BSH, No. 28 at pp. 7-
8; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 94, 96-97;
Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1)
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool commented that DOE should consider whether
the detergent should be a laboratory formulation or a formulation
available on the market. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 10; BSH, No. 28 at pp. 7-
8; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) BSH proposed that DOE consider an IEC
test detergent to eliminate variation due to manufacturing tolerances
and formulation changes. (BSH, No. 28 at p. 8) In the interim, however,
without a consumer use study, AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool support DOE's
proposal to update the detergent requirement to the ``Cascade with the
Grease Fighting Power of Dawn'' formulation powder detergent. AHAM and
BSH commented, though, that DOE would need to consider how a phosphate-
free detergent would affect energy and water use results. (AHAM, No. 27
at p. 10; AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 93-94;
BSH, No. 28 at p. 8; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1)
BSH noted that detergent dosing based on the preconditioning cycle
with a clean load may not reflect the amount of water that would be
used during a test cycle with a soiled load, and that the food load and
soil sensors will affect each other. BSH also commented that the
detergent can influence the sensor decision. (BSH, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 94-96, 99)
DOE has determined to adopt the concentration specification for
``Cascade with the Grease Fighting Power of Dawn'' rather than the
other detergent dosing methods. A monodose detergent would result in
the same amount of detergent being dispensed for every dishwasher,
regardless of water consumption. This may skew test results for
dishwashers with either high or low water consumption due to the
changes in detergent concentration that could impact how easily soils
are removed from the test load. A concentration-based detergent dosing
ensures that the detergent concentration is similar from unit-to-unit.
Additionally, DOE does not have any information indicating that
this phosphate-free detergent would have any impact on energy and water
use results. DOE notes that the detergent specified in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-
1992 has been unavailable for a number of years. DOE understands that
manufacturers and third-party test laboratories have used ``Cascade
with the Grease Fighting Power of Dawn'' in its absence, with no
apparent impact in the resulting energy and water consumption results.
DOE acknowledges that the water consumption in the second
preconditioning cycle with no soil load may be different from the water
consumed during the test cycle. However, running a soiled load with no
detergent to determine water consumption may also yield water
[[Page 65966]]
consumptions different from the test cycle due to the lack of detergent
and less-effective removal of soils from the test load. The method of
basing detergent dosing on the preconditioning water consumptions helps
to limit test burden for manufacturers and third-party test
laboratories. Additionally, the requirement to run the preconditioning
cycle on the same setting as the test cycles would likely lead to
similar water consumptions for both preconditioning and testing.
Therefore, DOE continues to include the concentration-based
detergent calculation using the pre-wash and main wash water
consumptions as measured during the second preconditioning cycle, and
to update the detergent specification to ``Cascade with the Grease
Fighting Power of Dawn'' for appendix C1 in today's final rule. DOE
also amends appendix C to specify the detergent as ``Cascade with the
Grease Fighting Power of Dawn'' because the currently specified
detergent is no longer available, thereby making such specification
obsolete.
4. Power Supply Requirements
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed that power be continuously
supplied to the unit during testing, including after the
preconditioning cycle and between all test cycles. 77 FR 31444, 31452
(May 25, 2012). The August 2012 SNOPR updated the proposed continuous
power supply requirement to also cover the second preconditioning test
cycle proposed to ensure sensor calibration. 77 FR 49064, 49066 (Aug.
15, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool commented that the requirement to maintain
the power supply throughout testing would add test burden for
manufacturers who know that their soil sensors do not lose calibration
with an interruption in the power supply. The commenters suggested DOE
add a note to the test procedure that some soil sensors may lose
calibration, so that third-party test laboratories would be aware of
this behavior, without including the requirement to maintain the power
supply. This would allow manufacturers to avoid unnecessary test
burden. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 7; BSH, No. 28 at p. 5; Whirlpool, No. 26
at p. 1)
DOE understands that maintaining the power supply represents an
increase in test burden for manufacturers of units whose soil sensors
do not lose calibration. However, given the difficulty in determining
whether a soil sensor is calibrated, DOE includes the continuous power
supply requirement in appendix C1 to ensure consistent testing by
either a manufacturer or a third-party laboratory.
5. Updated Industry Standard
In response to the May 2012 SNOPR, AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
commented that DOE should incorporate by reference the most recent
versions of external test procedures, including ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2009 (or
the latest version of DW-1 at the time DOE updates its incorporation by
reference). These commenters stated that DOE would need to determine
whether this change would result in changes to measured energy
(resulting from a change in dishware, for example). AHAM and Whirlpool
also noted that there are differences in the food soils specified,
although Whirlpool characterized them as ``fairly subtle.'' (AHAM, No.
27 at pp. 12-13; AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp.
155-156; BSH, No. 28 at p. 10; BSH, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No.
38 at p. 156; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1, 5; Whirlpool, 2012 Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 156)
In response to these comments, for the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE
proposed to update the industry standard test reference in appendix C
from ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 to DW-1-2010. 77 FR 49064, 49066 (Aug. 15,
2012).
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool support the proposal to update
the industry standard reference to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010, but noted they
do not currently have data on the effect on energy use of changing to
the updated version of the standard. These commenters stated that DOE
must determine whether there would be changes to the measured energy
use. (AHAM, No. 35 at pp. 7-8; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3, Samsung, No. 33 at
p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1)
The DOE dishwasher test procedure references certain sections of
ANSI/AHAM DW-1 related to soil preparation and application. Differences
in other provisions such as the dishware specifications would not
impact the measurement of energy and water use under the DOE test. When
DOE compared the relevant sections of 1992 and 2010 versions of the
standard, it identified the following differences:
The brand and product description for the coffee and
preserves;
The preparation method for the eggs and cream corn;
The amount of reconstituted milk used in the potato
mixture;
The grinding specifications for the ground beef; and
The order of soil application.
DOE has not been presented with any data or information that would
show that these differences would impact the results from the DOE
dishwasher test procedure for specific dishwasher models. DOE also
notes the uniform support from commenters to reference the most recent
version of industry standards in its test procedures and observes that
some test laboratories are already conducting dishwasher testing
according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010. Further, these amendments will not be
required until the compliance date of new standards, which will be May
30, 2013, unless the direct final rule is withdrawn. If manufacturers
determine that the new DOE test procedure does not measure energy and
water use that is representative for their products, they may submit to
DOE a petition for waiver from the DOE test procedure to determine an
appropriate method. For the reasons discussed above, DOE has decided to
update the reference in its dishwasher test procedure at appendix C1 to
ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 in today's final rule.
6. Water Pressure
As noted in the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE received comments in
response to the May 2012 SNOPR regarding transient water pressure drop
when the water supply valve first opens. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
commented that laboratories interpret differently how and where the
water pressure is measured and controlled. These commenters recommended
that, for repeatability and reproducibility, DOE should specify that
the water pressure drops to the required 35 pounds per square inch
gauge (psig) 2.5 psig in no more than 2 seconds after the
valve opens. According to AHAM, its members and independent
laboratories indicated that this is the minimum length of time that
they are capable of achieving. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 12; AHAM, 2012
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 137; BSH, No. 28 at p. 9; BSH,
2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 158; Whirlpool, No. 26 at
p. 1) Samsung noted that the time for the transient pressure drop
should be minimized so that it does not affect a water fill, since the
fill time can be approximately 1 minute. (Samsung, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 139-140) According to Whirlpool, the height
at which the pressure measurement is made affects the measurement,
although not significantly. (Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript,
No. 38 at p. 137)
In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE acknowledged that transient pressure
variations should be minimized for reasons of test stability and
reproducibility, and, based on
[[Page 65967]]
commenters' indication of laboratory capabilities, proposed that the
specified pressure be achieved within 2 seconds. 77 FR 49064, 49066
(Aug. 15, 2012). AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool supported this
proposal, reiterating that the duration of the pressure drop should be
limited to ensure that water is flowing into the dishwasher at the
proper pressure and that AHAM's members indicated that 2 seconds is the
minimum length of time their laboratories can achieve. (AHAM, No. 35 at
p. 8; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3, Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32
at p. 1)
In consideration of these comments and for the reasons already
noted, DOE adopts in today's final rule the requirement in the new
dishwasher test procedure that the water pressure shall be achieved
within 2 seconds of opening the water supply valve. DOE is not
requiring the pressure to be measured at a particular location because
DOE did not receive sufficient information regarding a representative
position or the impact of pressure measurement position on the energy
and water use results.
7. Water Hardness
DOE received comments in response to the May 2012 SNOPR and the
August 2012 SNOPR that DOE should add a water hardness specification to
the dishwasher test procedure. AHAM, BSH, Samsung and Whirlpool
commented that DOE should reference the water hardness specification in
ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 of 0 to 5 grains, or 0 to 85 ppm, to reduce test
variation. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 11; AHAM, No. 35 at p. 10; BSH, No. 28
at p. 9; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1, 5) AHAM
and Whirlpool further clarified that the American Water Works
Association found this to be the normal range occurring in municipal
water supplies, and Whirlpool stated that the water hardness
specification was intended to reduce lab-to-lab test variation. (AHAM,
No. 27 at p. 11; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1; Whirlpool, 2012 Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 148-150) Whirlpool later changed its
recommendation for a water hardness requirement to a range of 0 to 2
grains, or 0 to 34 ppm, based on total hardness and not just calcium
carbonate, to account for magnesium as well. According to Whirlpool,
laboratories can control water hardness to this range with water
softening systems. (Whirlpool, No. 34 at p. 2) UL commented that
varying between soft and hard water could potentially impact test
results. (UL, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 151) AHAM
noted that in the process of developing an ENERGY STAR test method for
dishwasher cleaning performance, DOE proposed to adopt the water
hardness requirement in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992. (AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 146-147)
DOE proposed a water hardness requirement as part of the ENERGY
STAR test method for evaluating dishwasher cleaning performance because
it may have an impact on cleaning performance. However, DOE is not
aware of data indicating how variations in water hardness may impact
energy and water consumption under the DOE test procedure, and,
therefore, is not adopting a water hardness requirement in the test
procedure at this time. DOE may consider this topic in a future
rulemaking if such data become available.
8. Drain Height
AHAM noted at the 2012 Public Meeting that the height of the
dishwasher drain is not currently specified in the DOE test procedure,
and that such a specification should be added to reduce testing
variability. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool subsequently proposed in their
comments on the May 2012 SNOPR that the drain height should be
specified per the manufacturer installation instructions. In the
absence of such instructions, these commenters recommended a drain
height of 20 inches. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 11; AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at p. 141; BSH, No. 28 at pp. 8-9; Whirlpool, No. 26
at p. 1)
In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE agreed that the use of manufacturer's
instructions for drain height, or a standard height in the absence of
such information, would improve reproducibility of the test and
proposed corresponding amendments to the dishwasher test procedure,
including a standard drain height of 20 inches. 77 FR 49064, 49066
(Aug. 15, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool supported the proposed approach
to require installation of the dishwasher with a drain height as
specified in the manufacturer's instructions, and that in the absence
of such instructions, the drain height should be a standard level of 20
inches. (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 8; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; Samsung, No. 33 at
p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) For reasons of test reproducibility
and in the absence of comments objecting to this approach, DOE includes
the drain height requirements in the new dishwasher test procedure in
today's final rule according to the proposal in the August 2012 SNOPR.
9. Test Load Specifications and Soiling Requirements, Including
Obsolete Dishware and Food Items
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE observed that the requirement for soil-
sensing dishwashers in the current DOE test procedure to soil a certain
number of place settings, while leaving the remaining place settings,
serving pieces, and all flatware in the test load unsoiled could be
ambiguous because the test procedure does not define which items a
``place setting'' comprises. Therefore, DOE proposed to amend section
2.7 of appendix C to specify the individual items in a place setting
and to identify the serving pieces, as well as to clarify in section
2.6.3 of appendix C that the flatware that is part of a soiled place
setting is to remain unsoiled. 77 FR 31444, 31453 (May 25, 2012). DOE
maintained this proposal for the August 2012 SNOPR. AHAM, BSH, and
Whirlpool commented that the test procedure was already clear in
requiring that the flatware is not to be soiled, but did not object to
the proposed clarification. (AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 7-8; BSH, No. 28 at p.
6; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) DOE has therefore included these
amendments to section 2.7 and 2.63 of the new dishwasher test procedure
at appendix C1 in today's final rule.
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE also identified a number of test items,
including the cup and saucer, salad fork, serving fork, and serving
spoon, which are no longer available, thereby making such
specifications obsolete. DOE noted that AHAM had submitted information
providing alternative specifications for all flatware and serving
pieces, which DOE proposed as amendments to the test load
specifications in section 2.7 of appendix C. DOE also sought comment on
alternative specifications for other obsolete test items, such as the
cup and saucer.
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool noted the importance to manufacturers and
third-party laboratories of identifying replacement test load items
swiftly to run the test and certify compliance properly. AHAM and BSH
supported DOE's proposal for replacements to obsolete flatware and
serving pieces. AHAM and BSH noted, however, that although the cup and
saucer are obsolete, alternatives may be available from the same source
but with a new item number. These commenters also suggested that the
bread and butter plate and fruit bowl may become obsolete. (AHAM, No.
27 at pp. 7-8; BSH, No. 28
[[Page 65968]]
at pp. 5-6; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1, 5)
In addition to comments on the obsolete test load items, DOE
received comments on obsolete food items for the soil requirements.
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool stated that the margarine specified in the
current dishwasher test procedure was no longer available, and proposed
a replacement brand and product formulation even though it is not
possible to determine if the replacement margarine would impact
measured energy use. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 8; AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 101-102; BSH, No. 28 at p. 6; BSH, 2012
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 102-103; Whirlpool, No. 26 at
p. 1; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 103,
129)
For the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE considered these comments, and based
on these and additional research, proposed the items shown below in
Table 1 as replacements for obsolete or nearly obsolete items. 77 FR
49064, 49065 (Aug. 15, 2012).
Table 1--Proposed Specifications for Replacing Obsolete or Nearly
Obsolete Items
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Obsolete or
Item Potentially Obsolete Proposed Item
Item
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cup......................... 8 oz. Ceramic Cup; 0.20 liter Coffee
Corning Cup; Arzberg 2000-
Comcor[supreg]/ 00001-4732-1;
Corelle[supreg] alternatively,
6014162; Arzberg 3824732100.
alternatively,
Arzberg 3824732100.
Saucer...................... 6 inch Saucer; 14 cm Saucer;
Corning Arzberg 2000-00001-
Comcor[supreg]/ 4731-1;
Corelle[supreg] alternatively,
6010972; Arzberg 3824731100.
alternatively,
Arzberg 3824731100.
Bread and butter plate...... 6.75 inch Bread and 6.75 inch Bread and
Butter; Corning Butter; Corning
Comcor[supreg]/ Comcor[supreg]/
Corelle[supreg] Corelle[supreg]
6003887; 6003887;
alternatively, alternatively, 17
Arzberg 8500217100. cm Bread and
Butter; Arzberg
2000-00001-0217-1.
Fruit bowl.................. 10 oz. Dessert Bowl; 10 oz. Dessert Bowl;
Corning Corning
Comcor[supreg]/ Comcor[supreg]/
Corelle[supreg] Corelle[supreg]
6003899; 6003899;
alternatively, alternatively,
Arzberg 3820513100. Arzberg 38205131001
or Arzberg 2000-
00001-0615-1;
Knife....................... Oneida[supreg] Table Knife, WMF
Accent 2619KPVF. ``Gastro 0800''
12.0803.6047.
Dinner Fork................. Oneida[supreg] Dessert Fork, WMF
Accent 2619FRSF. ``Signum 1900''
12.1905.6040.
Salad Fork.................. Oneida[supreg] Cake Fork, WMF
Accent 2619FSLF. ``Signum 1900''
12.1964.6040.
Teaspoon.................... Oneida[supreg] Coffee/Tea Spoon'',
Accent 2619STSF. WMF ``Signum 1900''
12.1910.6040.
Margarine................... Fleischmann's corn Fleischmann's
oil (6 g of fat per Original stick
14 g serving) not margarine.
whipped.
Coffee...................... Folgers, Folgers Classic
Decaffeinated Drip Decaf.
Grind.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool support the proposed replacement
items for the flatware, serving pieces, and food items, including the
margarine and coffee. (AHAM, No. 35 at pp. 2-3; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2;
Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) Therefore, DOE
adopts these replacement flatware, serving pieces, and food items in
the amendments to appendix C procedure in today's final rule. DOE also
includes these replacement items in the new dishwasher test procedure
at appendix C1.
For the dishware replacements, AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool
noted that, although the primary cups and saucers specified in the test
procedure are obsolete, the alternate Arzberg items specified are still
available, albeit with new product numbers. The alternate cup, Arzberg
product number 3824732100, currently specified in the dishwasher test
procedure is now designated as product number 1382 00001 4732. The
alternate saucer, Arzberg product number 3824731100, currently
specified in the dishwasher test procedure is now designated as product
number 1382 00001 4731. Because the shapes of DOE's proposed
replacement cup and saucer are different than for the existing
alternate Arzberg cup saucer and it is not known how these differences
could affect the test results, these commenters recommend not adopting
DOE's proposal for the cup and saucer. Instead, they suggest that DOE
designate the current alternate Arzberg cup saucer, identified by their
new product numbers, as the primary items and not specify alternates.
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool further commented that DOE's proposed
replacement cup and saucer could potentially be acceptable alternates,
but manufacturers would first need to assess the impacts of such
variables as the weight of the items and the ability of various rack
designs to accommodate them. These commenters stated that it would be
ideal for at least one option for the cup and saucer to be sourced from
within the United States in order to minimize burden. (AHAM, No. 35 at
pp. 3-4; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No.
32 at p. 1)
DOE has ascertained that the alternate cup and saucer currently
specified in the DOE test procedure are available for purchase at this
time under the different item numbers identified by commenters.
Therefore, for consistency in the dishwasher test results, DOE amends
the dishwasher test procedure in today's final rule to specify the
current alternate Arzberg cup and saucer by their new product numbers
as the alternate test load items. DOE reconsidered its proposal to
eliminate the specifications for the obsolete Corning Comcor/Corelle
cup and saucer, and instead retains these as the primary test load
items so that manufacturers and testing laboratories may continue to
use items they may already possess. DOE also includes these replacement
item specifications in the new dishwasher test procedure at appendix
C1. If DOE receives additional information regarding dishwasher energy
and water consumption using the Arzberg replacement cup and saucer
proposed in the August 2012 SNOPR, or other alternatives suggested by
interested parties, DOE may consider updating the test procedure at
that time so that additional options for the cup and saucer are
available to manufacturers and testing laboratories.
For the bread and butter plate, AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool
agreed that the existing Corning Comcor/Corelle test item be retained.
In addition, these commenters agreed with the proposed Arzberg
replacement item, product number 2000 00001 0217 1, as an alternate
item, but noted that it may actually be the redesignated product number
for the existing Arzberg alternate bread and butter plate, product
number 8500217100. These commenters recommend that DOE list both
product
[[Page 65969]]
numbers as alternates in the dishwasher test procedure so that testing
can continue until it is verified whether the products are the same.
(AHAM, No. 35 at p. 5; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1;
Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1)
DOE agrees with that the approach will minimize impact on
manufacturers and testing laboratories, and adopts in today's final
rule specifications for the two Arzberg bread and butter plate product
numbers as allowable alternate test load items in appendix C and
appendix C1.
For the fruit bowl, AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool agreed with
DOE's proposal to retain the existing primary Corning Comcor/Corelle
specification but objected to DOE's proposed Arzberg additional
alternate specification. The commenters stated that the additional
replacement fruit bowl is significantly larger than the existing fruit
bowl, so there could be an impact on measured energy use due to the
weight difference and ability for the bowl to fit into racks. However,
the commenters did not provide a suggestion for a recommended
replacement for the alternate fruit bowl. (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 5; BSH,
No. 36 at p. 2; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1)
DOE acknowledges that the impact of a fruit bowl that is larger
than the item currently specified in the dishwasher test procedure is
not known. Therefore, for consistency in the dishwasher test results,
DOE does not adopt the proposed Arzberg replacement fruit bowl as an
additional alternate test load item in today's final rule. DOE also
reconsidered its proposal to eliminate the specifications for the
obsolete Arzberg fruit bowl currently specified as the alternate item,
and instead retains this product as an alternate test load item in both
appendix C and appendix C1 so that manufacturers and testing
laboratories may continue to use items they may already possess. If DOE
receives additional information regarding dishwasher energy and water
consumption while using the Arzberg replacement fruit bowl proposed in
the August 2012 SNOPR, or another alternative suggested by interested
parties, DOE may consider updating the test procedure at that time so
that additional options for the fruit bowl are available to
manufacturers and testing laboratories.
In response to the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE also received comments that
DOE should clarify in the dishwasher test procedure the length of time
that soils may sit or be stored before they are applied to the
dishware. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool stated that potatoes will get
stiffer the longer they sit, and proposed that prepared potatoes should
be used within 30 minutes of preparation. AHAM and Whirlpool also noted
that oatmeal settles and thus proposed that it should be prepared and
applied as specified in both ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 and ANSI/AHAM DW-1-
2010; i.e., the oatmeal should stand for 1 minute after preparation and
then be used immediately. Whirlpool noted that the length of time that
the prepared oatmeal sits could cause variability in the test
procedure. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool additionally recommended that the
reconstituted milk should be allowed to be stored for use over the
course of a day, and that the prepared one-pound packages of beef be
allowed to be stored in a freezer for up to 6 months to minimize
variability in the test procedure. (AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 8-9; BSH, No.
28 at p. 6; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at p. 128)
In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed to amend the dishwasher test
procedure to require the potatoes to be used within 30 minutes of
preparation and the reconstituted milk be allowed to be stored for use
over the course of 1 day, as recommended by commenters. DOE's proposal
also included provisions for reconstituting the milk. DOE additionally
proposed to adopt the commenters' recommendation that the 1-pound
packages of ground beef shall be stored frozen for no more than 6
months. DOE determined that the instructions contained within the
referenced sections of both versions of ANSI/AHAM DW-1 pertaining to
soil preparation and application, which are or were proposed to be
referenced in appendix C, are sufficiently clear in requiring the
prepared oatmeal to sit no longer than 1 minute before using.
Therefore, DOE did not propose any clarifications in the August 2012
SNOPR for the oatmeal preparation. 77 FR 49064, 49067 (Aug. 15, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool support DOE's proposed
clarifications to the soil preparation and storage requirements for
potatoes, reconstituted milk, and ground beef, even though these
commenters added that manufacturer's instructions for reconstituting
the milk could change. The commenters also reiterated their
recommendation that the dishwasher test procedure specifically require
that the oatmeal be prepared and used consistent with ANSI/AHAM DW-1-
1992 and 2009. (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 9; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; Samsung, No.
33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) Viking commented that it was
aware of outside laboratories that do not put water into the milk
formulation directly and measure dry milk into the oatmeal mixture.
(Viking, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 133)
For the reasons stated above, and consideration of comments
expressing support, DOE is revising the soil preparation and storage
provisions for potatoes, reconstituted milk, and ground beef for the
new dishwasher test procedure in today's final rule as proposed in the
August 2012 SNOPR. DOE also clarifies in appendix C1 that the nonfat
dry milk shall be reconstituted with water before mixing with the
oatmeal and potatoes. DOE notes that the referenced section 5.5 of
ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 pertaining to soil preparation explicitly requires
that the oatmeal mixture be allowed to stand for 1 minute after mixing,
then used immediately. Thus the instructions the commenters seek
regarding the use of the oatmeal mixture are incorporated by reference
in today's new dishwasher test procedure without requiring additional
clarification.
AHAM commented that there have been some questions about the use of
a brush versus a spatula for soiling the dishes because ANSI/AHAM DW-1-
1992 references utensils, but does not provide specific details beyond
the order of the soil application. (AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at p. 127) In today's final rule, DOE updates the
industry test method in appendix C1 from the previous ANSI/AHAM DW-1-
1992 to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010. DOE notes that the newer version of this
standard includes clarification as to which soils should be spread with
a spatula or brush.
BSH and Whirlpool commented that DOE should harmonize these changes
with the Canadian test method because Canada may have different
interpretations than DOE. (BSH, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38
at p. 107; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 107)
DOE is aware of the Canadian test procedure, which is similar to
the DOE test procedure in appendix C. To DOE's knowledge, the proposed
substitutions and soiling times represent an industry consensus on
these issues, and therefore are appropriate additions to the DOE test
procedure regardless of the Canadian interpretation. Additionally, the
substitute materials available in the United States may differ from
those available in Canada. As a result, DOE has included the proposed
substitutions and soiling times in today's amendments.
[[Page 65970]]
10. Rack Position and Loading
DOE received comments in response to the May 2012 SNOPR which
indicated that the rack position and loading pattern for the test load
should be specified in the dishwasher test procedure. AHAM, BSH, and
Whirlpool stated that the position of the upper rack can affect water
pressure during a test, which BSH and Whirlpool felt could influence
the rate at which food soils fall off the test load and the turbidity
sensor decisions. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool recommended that for the
energy test, the upper rack should be in the position recommended by
the manufacturer, or, in the absence of such a recommendation, in the
as-shipped position to reduce potential test variation. (AHAM, No. 27
at p. 11; AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript; No. 38 at pp. 141-142;
BSH, No. 28 at p. 9; BSH, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript; No. 38 at pp.
143-144; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at p. 145) Intertek stated that it tests dishwashers
with the rack in the as-shipped position, while UL commented that it
tests according to the manufacturer instructions. (Intertek, 2012
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 146; UL, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at p. 151) According to BSH, rack position varies
from product-to-product. Different platforms may have the same as-
shipped position for the racks, yet have different manufacturer
recommendations in the user manuals. (BSH, 2012 Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 38 at p. 144) Furthermore, AHAM stated that the as-
shipped position of the rack for a particular model may not always be
the same. (AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 143)
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool commented that it is difficult to
standardize loading patterns due to varying rack designs. These
commenters stated DOE should require a loading pattern according to the
manufacturer's recommendation. The commenters further stated that the
unsoiled dishes should be loaded first to settle the loading
arrangement, and then the appropriate number of unsoiled dishes should
be replaced with soiled ones in an alternating pattern, avoiding
placing all soiled dishes in one grouped area or in the corners of the
racks. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool pointed out that this method is similar
to what DOE proposed in its first draft performance test procedure for
ENERGY STAR. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 9; BSH, No. 28 at p. 7; Whirlpool, No.
26 at p. 1)
In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed amendments to the dishwasher
test procedure that would require adjusting the rack position according
to the manufacturer recommendations and loading the soiled dishes
according to section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010, which specifies
loading the dishware in accordance with manufacturer's recommendation,
following the loading pattern provided in the manufacturer's use and
care guide, without nesting the dishware or flatware. DOE concluded
that these proposed amendments would improve test repeatability and
reproducibility. 77 FR 49064, 49066-67 (Aug. 15, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool supported the requirement that
the rack be positioned according to manufacturer recommendations for
washing a full load of normally soiled dishes. But they further
recommended that DOE specify that, in the absence of a manufacturer
recommendation regarding rack position for the normal cycle, the rack
shall be positioned in the as-shipped position. (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 8;
BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p.
1) DOE notes that, although AHAM had also indicated in response to the
May 2012 SNOPR that the as-shipped position may vary for a particular
model, it is likely that in such instances, manufacturers would provide
instructions as to the appropriate rack placement during operation.
Furthermore, it is likely that a dishwasher that does not provide
instructions regarding rack position would be shipped with the rack in
a position suitable for washing a full load of normally soiled dishes.
Therefore, to provide clarity to testing laboratories regarding rack
position for both situations, DOE adopts in today's final rule for
appendix C1 the instructions to install the dishwasher with the rack
positioned according to manufacturer instructions for washing a full
load of normally soiled dishes, and that in the absence of such
instructions, the rack shall be maintained in the as-shipped position.
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool reiterated that dish loading is a
potential source for variation, and that it is difficult to achieve
standardization of loading patterns because rack designs vary. The
commenters also noted that DOE did not propose specifications for how
the soiled items are to be distributed when loaded (i.e., all
positioned together or alternating with the unsoiled items.) Thus,
AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool recommend a loading pattern according
to the manufacturer's recommended loading pattern, with addition
specification that the unsoiled dishes be loaded first to settle the
loading arrangement, and then the appropriate number of unsoiled dishes
be replaced with soiled ones with soiled and unsoiled dishes
alternating. The commenters would further recommend that testers should
avoid placing all soiled dishes in one grouped area or in the corners
of the racks. AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool again noted these
instructions would be similar to those proposed in the first draft
ENERGY STAR test method for dishwasher performance, and they encouraged
DOE to harmonize the loading requirements in appendix C and the future
ENERGY STAR test method. (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 10; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3;
Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 31 at p. 1)
DOE is not aware of, nor did commenters provide, data indicating
whether the loading arrangement of dishes may impact the measured
energy and water consumption of a particular dishwasher, but notes that
the loading requirements proposed in the August 2012 SNOPR, which
reference section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 and accordingly its
requirement to follow the manufacturer's instructions, do not generally
preclude testing using an alternating loading pattern of soiled and
clean dishware. However, some manufacturer's instructions could
conflict with specific requirements for the location of the soiled
items. For example, the manufacturer may recommend that the most
heavily soiled items be placed in a certain location on the rack, which
would conflict with the instructions to alternate soiled and clean
items. For these reasons, DOE is not adding in today's final rule any
additional loading instructions in the dishwasher test procedure beyond
those specified in section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010.
11. Rinse Aid Container
The dishwasher test procedure precludes the use of rinse aid during
testing, including preconditioning. However, AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool
commented in response to the May 2012 SNOPR that some third-party
laboratories fill the rinse aid container before the starting the
energy test cycle, presumably to prevent an indicator light from
turning on during the test. These commenters believe that DOE should
clarify that the rinse aid container should not be filled with water.
According to BSH, the added water creates a thermal mass that must be
heated when the dishwasher is operated, which would result in higher
[[Page 65971]]
energy use. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool stated that if the indicator light
does turn on, its energy use should be measured. (AHAM, No. 27 at p.
11; AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 135-136; BSH,
No. 28 at p. 8; BSH, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 136;
Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1)
DOE agreed with commenters, and for reasons of consistency in
testing, proposed in the August 2012 SNOPR amendments to the dishwasher
test procedure that would clarify that the rinse aid container should
not be filled with water for energy testing. 77 FR 49064, 49067 (Aug.
15, 2012). AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool agreed with this proposal.
(AHAM, No. 35 at p. 8; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1;
Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) DOE adopts in today's final rule this
provision for the new dishwasher test procedure to ensure
reproducibility of results.
12. Technical Corrections
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE noted that in sections 5.4.1 and 5.4.2
of the current dishwasher test procedure, water energy consumption is
calculated as specified for both non-soil-sensing and soil-sensing
dishwashers using electrically heated water ``[f]or the normal and
truncated normal test cycle.'' Because the normal and truncated normal
test cycles do not apply to soil-sensing dishwashers, DOE proposed to
remove this qualification in newly designated sections 5.5.1.1 and
5.5.2.1. Similarly, in sections 5.5.1 and 5.5.2 of the current
dishwasher test procedure, water energy consumption is calculated as
specified for both non-soil-sensing and soil-sensing dishwashers using
gas-heated or oil-heated water ``[f]or each test cycle.'' Because for
soil-sensing dishwashers the calculation is applied to a single
weighted-average water consumption measured over the sensor heavy
response, sensor medium response, and sensor light response cycles,
this qualification may cause confusion. Therefore, DOE proposed to
remove this qualification in newly designated sections 5.6.1.1 and
5.6.2.1. DOE also proposed to correct references to the water
consumption values used in the calculation of water energy consumption
in these sections of the dishwasher test procedure, so that separate
references are provided for non-soil-sensing and soil-sensing
dishwashers. 77 FR 31444, 31454 (May 25, 2012).
In addition, DOE stated in the May 2012 SNOPR that, due to a
transcription error in publication, the September 2011 SNOPR
erroneously specified in the regulatory text for the proposed
dishwasher test procedure amendments the calculation of estimated
annual operating cost for dishwashers having a truncated normal cycle
which operate at 50[emsp14][deg]F inlet water temperature.
Specifically, the calculation proposed in 10 CFR 430.23(c)(1)(i)(B)
contained extraneous variables ``B'' and ``V.'' DOE proposed,
therefore, in the May 2012 SNOPR to remove these extraneous variables
to correct the calculation. 77 FR 31444, 31455 (May 25, 2012). DOE
maintained these proposals in the August 2012 SNOPR.
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool commented that they did not oppose these
two technical corrections to the dishwasher test procedure. (AHAM, No.
27 at p. 13; BSH, No. 28 at p. 10; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) For the
reasons explained above, DOE adopts in today's final rule the
corrections to water energy consumption provisions in both the new and
currently applicable dishwasher test procedures. DOE also adopts the
corrected calculation described above in its amendments to 10 CFR
430.23(c).
Whirlpool commented that DOE should revise its proposal in the May
2012 SNOPR for section 4.1.2 in the dishwasher test procedure to
specify that VWSavg is defined as the average of
VWS,1 and VWS,2. (Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1)
These variables represent the water consumption measured during test
cycles performed to determine the water use associated with water
softener regeneration. In the initial portion of the test, two test
cycles are run, and the water consumption measured for each
(VWS,1 and VWS,2) are compared. If the difference
in water consumption between the two cycles is greater than 10 percent,
the cycle in which the larger water use occurred is deemed to contain a
water softener regeneration event. The water consumption associated
with a cycle containing a water softener regeneration event
(VWSmax) is, under these conditions, the larger of
VWS,1 and VWS,2. The smaller of VWS,1
and VWS,2 would be deemed to represent a typical non-water
softener regeneration cycle, denoted by VWSavg. DOE proposed
this terminology because, if a water softener regeneration event
doesn't occur in the first two test cycles, additional cycles are run,
with the water consumption for each new cycle being compared to the
average of water consumptions for the previous cycles. Averaging the
water consumptions for the non-water softener regeneration cycles would
decrease variation in the test procedure results. Because
VWSavg represents a typical non-water softener regeneration
cycle, not a numerical average of VWS,1 and
VWS,2, DOE did not alter its proposal for the August 2012
SNOPR as Whirlpool suggested, nor is it adopting such a revision to the
provisions in the new dishwasher test procedure established in today's
final rule because the water consumption for water softener
regeneration shall be a value reported by the manufacturer.
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE inadvertently proposed in section 4.4.2
of the dishwasher test procedure language that refers to section 1.11
of the test procedure. DOE corrected that proposal in the August 2012
SNOPR to properly refer to section 1.13. DOE includes section 4.2.2 of
appendix C1 in today's final rule according to the August 2012 SNOPR.
I. Incorporation by Reference of an Updated AHAM Dehumidifier Test
Procedure
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed updating the dehumidifier test
procedure to clarify which version of the AHAM test method
``Dehumidifiers'' (DH-1) should be used for testing. DOE evaluated both
DH-1-1992 and DH-1-2008, and concluded that both versions would produce
comparable results for the DOE dehumidifier test procedure. However,
DOE proposed referencing the newer version, DH-1-2008, for both the
capacity and EF measurements because it provides additional clarity and
specificity that may improve test accuracy, repeatability, and
reproducibility. DOE also proposed removing the reference to the ENERGY
STAR qualification criteria for determining EF, given that the EF
methodology is included in DH-1-2008. 77 FR 31444, 31453-54 (May 25,
2012). DOE maintained this proposal for the August 2012 SNOPR.
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool support DOE's proposal to incorporate by
reference ANSI/AHAM DH-1-2008 for the measurement of capacity and EF,
and the calculation of IEF, in its dehumidifier test procedure. The
commenters stated that clarity and consistency for regulated parties is
critical so that all regulated and other parties (e.g., third-party
laboratories, DOE, EPA) are testing per the same test procedure;
therefore, they believe it is important that DOE clarify which version
of DH-1 it intends to reference in its test procedure. AHAM, BSH, and
Whirlpool commented that, to their knowledge, there is no difference in
the measured energy between versions of DH-1, but each version contains
important technical improvements and clarifications, making the most
current version of the standard the best one to reference. (AHAM, No.
27 at p. 13; BSH,
[[Page 65972]]
No. 28 at p. 10; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1)
In consideration of this support and for the reasons previously
stated, DOE incorporates by reference ANSI/AHAM DH-1-2008 in appendix
X1 as the test method for determining capacity and EF. DOE also does
not include in appendix X1 the previous reference to the ENERGY STAR
qualification criteria for determining EF.
J. Removal of Obsolete Measures of Gas Pilot Light Energy Consumption
in the Conventional Cooking Products Test Procedure and of Energy
Factor Calculations for Dishwashers
The energy conservation standards for cooking products require that
gas cooking products manufactured on or after April 9, 2012, shall not
be equipped with a constant-burning pilot light. 10 CFR 430.32(j). In
the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed removing the provisions for measuring
the energy consumption of constant-burning pilot lights from the
conventional cooking products test procedures. 77 FR 31444, 31455 (May
25, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool support removing the constant-burning
pilot light provisions from the conventional cooking products test
procedures. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 13; BSH, No. 28 at p. 11; Whirlpool,
No. 26 at pp. 1, 5) Given this support and the obsolescence of
constant-burning pilot lights, today's amendments remove the standing
pilot light provisions from the test procedures for conventional
cooking products. Specifically, today's final rule removes the
following existing sections in 10 CFR part 430, subpart B, appendix I:
Section 2.9.2.2 (``Flow meter'');
Section 3.1.1.2 (``Continuously burning pilot lights of a
conventional gas oven'');
Section 3.1.2.1 (``Continuously burning pilot lights of a
conventional gas cooking top'');
Section 3.2.1.3 (``Gas consumption of continuously burning
pilot lights'' [for conventional gas ovens]);
Section 3.2.2.1 (``Gas consumption of continuously burning
pilot lights'' [for conventional gas cooking tops]);
Section 3.3.7 (recording the gas flow rate or gas
consumption and elapsed time for a continuously burning pilot light of
a conventional gas oven);
Section 3.3.10 (recording the gas flow rate or gas
consumption and elapsed time for a continuously burning pilot light of
a conventional gas cooking top);
Section 4.1.2.2 (``Annual energy consumption of any
continuously burning pilot lights'' [for conventional gas ovens]); and
Section 4.2.2.2.2 (``Annual energy consumption of any
continuously burning gas pilots'' [for conventional gas cooking tops]).
Today's final rule also modifies (and renumbers where appropriate)
the following existing sections in appendix I to eliminate the measures
of energy use relating to gas pilot lights:
Section 1.7 (``Normal nonoperating temperature'');
Section 1.14 (``Symbol usage'');
Section 2.9.2.1 (``Positive displacement meters'');
Section 3.1.1 (``Conventional oven'');
Section 3.1.1.1 (``Self-cleaning operation of a
conventional oven'');
Section 3.1.2 (``Conventional cooking top'');
Section 4.1.2.5.2 (``Conventional gas oven energy
consumption'');
Section 4.1.2.6.2 (``Conventional gas oven energy
consumption'' [for multiple conventional gas ovens'']);
Section 4.2.1.2 (``Gas surface unit cooking efficiency'');
and
Section 4.2.2.2.3 (``Total annual energy consumption of a
conventional gas cooking top'').
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE also proposed to eliminate the
calculation of energy factor for dishwashers in 10 CFR 430.23 because
this metric is no longer used in DOE's energy conservation standards
for dishwashers or to make representations of energy efficiency. 77 FR
31444, 31455 (May 25, 2012). DOE did not receive any comments on this
proposal, and amends 10 CFR 430.23 in today's final rule to eliminate
the energy factor calculation.
K. Compliance With Other EPCA Requirements
1. Test Burden
EPCA requires that any test procedures prescribed or amended under
this section be reasonably designed to produce test results which
measure energy efficiency, energy use or estimated annual operating
cost of a covered product during a representative average use cycle or
period of use and shall not be unduly burdensome to conduct. (42 U.S.C.
6293(b)(3))
In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE noted that the proposed amendments
to the residential dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional cooking
products test procedures would incorporate a test standard that is
accepted internationally for measuring power consumption in standby
mode and off mode (IEC Standard 62301). DOE analyzed the available
versions of IEC Standard 62301 at that time--IEC Standard 62301 (First
Edition), IEC Standard 62301 (CDV), and IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS)--and
determined that the proposed amendments to the residential dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products test procedures would
produce standby mode and off mode average power consumption
measurements representative of an average use cycle. DOE also
determined that the test methods and equipment that the amendments
would require for measuring standby mode and off mode power in these
products would not be substantially different from the test methods and
equipment required in the current DOE tests. Thus, DOE tentatively
concluded that the proposed test procedure amendments would not require
manufacturers to make significant investments in test facilities and
new equipment. In sum, DOE tentatively concluded in the December 2010
NOPR that the amended test procedures would produce test results that
measure the standby mode and off mode power consumption during
representative use, and that the test procedures would not be unduly
burdensome to conduct. 75 FR 75290, 75316 (Dec. 2, 2010).
The September 2011 SNOPR proposed amendments to the DOE test
procedures based on an updated version of IEC Standard 62301, IEC
Standard 62301 (Second Edition), which has been the subject of
significant review and input from interested parties and, thus,
continues to be an internationally accepted test standard for measuring
standby mode and off mode power consumption. As discussed in the
September 2011 SNOPR, the provisions of IEC Standard 62301 (Second
Edition) that DOE proposed to incorporate by reference provide a means
to measure power consumption with greater accuracy and repeatability
than the provisions from IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition) that were
originally proposed in the December 2010 NOPR. For this reason, DOE
tentatively concluded that the amendments proposed in the September
2011 SNOPR would also provide measurements representative of average
consumer use of the product under test. DOE further determined that
these new provisions in the applicable sections of IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition) would improve test results without undue testing
burden. DOE acknowledged in the September 2011 SNOPR that certain
methods from IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) may increase test
duration, but where such an increase was deemed excessive (i.e., for
products
[[Page 65973]]
with clocks that can vary in power consumption as a function of time
displayed), DOE retained the method previously proposed to mitigate
test burden. The potential for increased test burden in other power
consumption measurements is offset by more reasonable requirements for
testing equipment, while maintaining measurement accuracy deemed
acceptable and practical by voting members for IEC Standard 62301
(Second Edition). Thus, DOE tentatively concluded that the amended test
procedures proposed in the September 2011 SNOPR would produce test
results that measure the standby mode and off mode power consumption
during representative use, and that the test procedures would not be
unduly burdensome to conduct. 76 FR 58346, 58354 (Sep. 20, 2011).
In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed to measure energy use in fan-
only mode for dishwashers and conventional cooking products as a
continuation of the active mode cycle, which would require more
stringent specifications for the watt-hour meters than currently
specified in the dishwasher and conventional cooking products test
procedures. By not requiring a separate cycle to be run, the proposed
approach would minimize test burden associated with the measurement of
fan-only mode. The May 2012 SNOPR also proposed amendments to
incorporate the energy and water use associated with dishwasher water
softener regeneration. Manufacturers would need to run up to an
additional ten cycles to ensure that a regeneration process is
captured. DOE based this proposal on the information supplied by
manufacturers that, on average, water-softening dishwashers regenerate
approximately once every six cycles. To minimize test burden,
particularly for soil-sensing dishwashers, DOE proposed in the May 2012
SNOPR that these cycles would be run with no test load, since DOE
believes that a substantial part of the burden for the existing test
procedure is incurred by the preparation and application of soils to
the dishware. 77 FR 31444, 31447-51 (May 25, 2012).
The May 2012 SNOPR's proposal to reference AHAM DH-1-2008 in the
dehumidifier test procedure would, according to DOE's estimates,
require more accurate measurement equipment that would cost
approximately $500. DOE also noted in the May 2012 SNOPR that the
proposed test room requirements could require the use of a larger test
chamber than is specified under the current test procedure, and could
also require different air handling equipment. DOE noted that many test
laboratories may already be using AHAM DH-1-2008 and, thus, may already
meet these requirements. In addition, for those laboratories that are
recording data manually, the more frequent data recording events in
DOE's proposal could result in three times the data recording events
than are currently required. Because only four parameters are recorded
for each event, however, DOE estimated in the May 2012 SNOPR that the
total increase in operator time would be less than 1 hour. 77 FR 31444,
31453-54 (May 25, 2012).
In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE noted that the replacement items
proposed were intended to be inexpensive, representative of commonly-
found items, and in some cases already used by manufacturers in testing
dishwashers. In addition, DOE proposed a definition of normal cycle for
dishwashers supported by manufacturers because it will lead to
consistent, representative results. The updated industry test method
for dishwashers was also supported by manufactures because it will lead
to, among other things, reduced test variation, as would the proposals
for consistent preparation time for the soils used in the test
procedure, the positioning of the dishwasher rack during testing, the
method of loading, the tighter tolerances on ambient temperature, the
added specifications for water pressure measurement and drain height,
and the clarifications for the rinse aid container. Finally, DOE
proposed an alternative method of measuring the energy use in fan-only
mode for dishwashers and cooking products that could significantly
decrease overall testing time. 77 FR 49064, 49065-67 (Aug. 15, 2012).
AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool estimated the test burden associated with
the proposed water softener regeneration test method for the dishwasher
test procedure to be 20 to 30 additional test hours. (AHAM, No. 27 at
p. 4; BSH, No. 28 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) DOE considered
manufacturer test burden when it evaluated comments on its proposed
methodology for measuring energy and water use due to water softener
regeneration, and acknowledges that the proposal would add burden by
requiring up to an additional 10 dishwasher washing and drying cycles,
compared to either one or three washing and drying cycles and one
preconditioning cycle currently required in the test procedure. As
discussed in section III.F.3, DOE is not adopting the proposed testing
methodology in today's final rule due to this burden, Instead, DOE
includes in the new dishwasher test procedure measures of energy and
water consumption for water softener regeneration using manufacturer-
reported values for the energy and water use for each regeneration
cycle and the number of annual regeneration cycles.
DOE additionally discusses in section IV.B of this notice comments
received regarding the investments that manufacturers may incur due to
today's final rule and DOE's determination that they do not represent
significant burden. Therefore, for the reasons discussed above, DOE
concludes that the new and amended test procedures for dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products will produce test
results that measure the active mode, standby mode, and off mode power
consumption during representative use, and that the test procedures
will not be unduly burdensome to conduct.
2. Certification Requirements
As codified at 42 U.S.C. 6299, et seq., EPCA authorizes DOE to
enforce compliance with the energy and water conservation standards
established for covered consumer products. On March 7, 2011, the
Department published a final rule in the Federal Register, which
revised, consolidated, and streamlined its existing certification,
compliance, and enforcement regulations for covered consumer products,
including dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking
products. 76 FR 12422.\18\ The certification regulations are codified
at 10 CFR 429.19 (dishwashers), 10 CFR 429.23 (conventional cooking
tops, conventional ovens, microwave ovens), and 10 CFR 429.36
(dehumidifiers).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\18\ Certification requirements for industrial equipment are
also included in these regulations.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The certification requirements for each of the products covered in
today's final rule consist of a sampling plan for selection of units
for testing and requirements for certification reports. AHAM commented
that no revisions would be required for current standards for
dehumidifiers and conventional cooking products, so that no changes are
necessary for the reporting requirements for these products. AHAM also
supported DOE's proposed changes to the sampling plan for dehumidifiers
and conventional cooking products. (AHAM, No. 20 at p. 3) Because the
amendments and new provisions adopted for dehumidifiers and
conventional cooking products test procedures will not revise the
current energy conservation standards, DOE is not proposing any
amendments to the certification
[[Page 65974]]
reporting requirements for these products. However, because DOE in
today's final rule introduces a new metric (IEF) for both conventional
cooking products and dehumidifiers, DOE additionally amends provisions
in the sampling plan at 10 CFR 429.23 and 10 CFR 429.36 that include
IEF along with the existing measure of EF.
AHAM stated that the measured energy use for dishwashers will be
affected by the amendments to the dishwasher test procedure. For
example, cycle finished mode energy use is not currently measured, but
will required to be included under the amended test procedure. AHAM
commented that DOE should amend the reporting requirements to account
for the change. (AHAM, No. 20 at p. 3) No such amendments are adopted
for residential dishwashers in today's final rule because DOE is not
adding any new energy efficiency metric for these products. DOE is,
though, amending in today's final rule the reporting requirements in 10
CFR 429.19 for dishwashers to specify that manufacturers submit with
their certification reports: (1) The cycle selected for the energy
test; (2) whether the cycle selected for the energy test is soil-
sensing; (3) the options selected for the energy test; and (4) whether
the dishwasher has a built-in water softening system, and if yes, the
energy and water use required for each regeneration of the water
softening system, the number of regeneration cycles per year, and data
and calculations used to derive these values.
IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review
A. Review Under Executive Order 12866
The Office of Management and Budget has determined that test
procedure rulemakings do not constitute ``significant regulatory
actions'' under section 3(f) of Executive Order 12866, Regulatory
Planning and Review, 58 FR 51735 (Oct. 4, 1993). Accordingly, this
action was not subject to review under the Executive Order by the
Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA) in the Office of
Management and Budget (OMB).
B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) requires
preparation of a regulatory flexibility analysis for any rule that by
law must be proposed for public comment, unless the agency certifies
that the rule, if promulgated, will not have a significant economic
impact on a substantial number of small entities. As required by
Executive Order 13272, ``Proper Consideration of Small Entities in
Agency Rulemaking,'' 67 FR 53461 (Aug. 16, 2002), DOE published
procedures and policies on February 19, 2003, to ensure that the
potential impacts of its rules on small entities are properly
considered during the DOE rulemaking process. 68 FR 7990. DOE has made
its procedures and policies available on the Office of the General
Counsel's Web site: www.gc.doe.gov/gc/office-general-counsel
DOE reviewed today's final rule under the provisions of the
Regulatory Flexibility Act and the procedures and policies published on
February 19, 2003. DOE has concluded that the rule would not have a
significant impact on a substantial number of small entities. The
factual basis for this certification is as follows:
The Small Business Administration (SBA) considers a business entity
to be small business, if, together with its affiliates, it employs less
than a threshold number of workers specified in 13 CFR part 121. These
size standards and codes are established by the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS). The threshold number for NAICS
classification code 335228, ``Other Major Household Appliance
Manufacturing,'' which applies to residential dishwasher manufacturers,
is 500 employees. The threshold number for NAICS classification code
335221, ``Household Cooking Appliance Manufacturing,'' which applies to
manufacturers of residential conventional cooking products, is 750
employees. The threshold number for NAICS classification code 335211,
``Electric Housewares and Household Fan Manufacturing,'' which applies
to dehumidifier manufacturers, is 750 employees.
Most of the manufacturers supplying residential dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and/or conventional cooking products are large
multinational corporations. DOE surveyed the AHAM member directory to
identify manufacturers of residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers and
conventional cooking products. DOE then consulted publicly-available
data, purchased company reports from vendors such as Dun and
Bradstreet, and contacted manufacturers, where needed, to determine if
they meet the SBA's definition of a ``small business manufacturing
facility'' and have their manufacturing facilities located within the
United States. Based on this analysis, DOE identified no small
businesses that manufacture dishwashers, five small businesses that
manufacture dehumidifiers, and two small businesses that manufacture
conventional cooking products.
Today's final rule amends DOE's test procedures for dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and cooking products. Because DOE is unaware of any
small businesses that manufacture dishwashers, there are no impacts on
such manufacturers due to the amendments to DOE's dishwasher test
procedure.
Today's rule amends DOE's test procedures for dehumidifiers and
conventional cooking products by incorporating testing provisions to
address standby mode and off mode energy use in these products, as well
as cooking products fan-only mode energy consumption. The test
procedure amendments involve measuring power input when the product is
in standby mode or off mode, as well as fan-only mode for a
conventional cooking product. These tests can be conducted in the same
facilities used for the current energy testing of these products, so
there are no additional facilities costs required by this final rule.
In addition, while the watt-hour meter required for these tests might
require greater accuracy than the watt-hour meter used for current
energy testing, the investment required for a possible instrumentation
upgrade would likely be relatively modest. It is possible that the
manufacturers, or their testing facilities, already have equipment that
meets the more stringent meter requirements, but an Internet search of
equipment that specifically meets the requirements reveals a cost of
approximately $2,000.
Whirlpool stated that the equipment necessary to meet the
requirements of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) for measuring
airflow and harmonics either does not exist or does not exist in
sufficient accuracy or quantity. Whirlpool estimated that the cost to
its company of such equipment would be up to $48,000, and that the cost
for test equipment upgrades for the harmonics measurement alone would
be $10,000. (Whirlpool, No.21 at p. 3; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 6)
Although Whirlpool's estimates are higher than DOE's, DOE recognizes
that a large manufacturer may require multiple meters to equip its
testing facilities, and that a small business would likely require
investments in the range of DOE's estimates.
Today's final rule also updates the industry test method for
dehumidifiers in new appendix X1. As discussed in III.K.1, this update
could impose on manufacturers a cost for new measurement equipment of
approximately $500, as well as
[[Page 65975]]
potentially increasing operator time by less than 1 hour over the
course of a 24-hour test.
The costs described above are small compared to the overall
financial investment needed to undertake the business enterprise of
testing consumer products which involves facilities, qualified staff,
and specialized equipment. Based on its review of industry data,\19\
DOE estimates that the small dehumidifier and cooking product
businesses have annual revenues of $10 million to $60 million.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\19\ Annual revenue estimates based on financial reports
obtained from Hoover's Inc., available online at www.hoovers.com.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DOE recognizes that the updated reference to the industry
dehumidifier test method could potentially require manufacturers to
install a larger test chamber and different air handling equipment.
However, some manufacturers may already be using ANSI/AHAM DH-1-2008 in
certifying their products. DOE notes that one of the small businesses
has products listed in AHAM's current dehumidifier certification
database, indicating that those tests were conducted according to DH-1-
2008. In addition, AHAM selected an independent test laboratory to
conduct dehumidifier testing and verification using DH-1-2008. It is
likely that testing that this laboratory performs for manufacturers to
determine compliance with energy conservation standards would be
conducted in the same facility. Therefore, DOE concludes that small
businesses would not be likely to require investments in facility
upgrades due to the new dehumidifier test procedure that references DH-
1-2008.
Furthermore, DOE adopts in today's final rule amendments that limit
the duration of the fan-only mode testing for conventional ovens and
conventional ranges to minimize test burden. Under today's final rule,
the energy use in fan-only mode is measured for 10 minutes, and then
extrapolated over the duration of the fan-mode. DOE estimates that the
total time currently required for conventional oven testing (or for
testing the conventional oven portion of a range) to be approximately 4
hours for products not equipped with the capability for forced
convection or self-cleaning, with an additional 3 hours required for
testing forced convection and an additional 4 hours required for
testing self-clean operation. DOE's research did not identify any
conventional ovens or conventional ranges manufactured by either of the
two small cooking products manufacturers that are equipped with either
forced convection or self-clean capability. DOE estimates that fan-only
mode testing in the absence of such features could increase testing
time by approximately 3 percent. However, DOE's research also suggests
that none of the conventional ovens and conventional ranges
manufactured by the two small cooking products businesses are capable
of operation in fan-only mode, and therefore it is unlikely that these
manufacturers would be impacted by the fan-only mode testing
provisions.
For these reasons, DOE concludes and certifies that today's final
rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial
number of small entities. Accordingly, DOE has not prepared a
regulatory flexibility analysis for this rulemaking. DOE has
transmitted the certification and supporting statement of factual basis
to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the SBA for review under 5 U.S.C.
605(b).
C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
Manufacturers of residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and
conventional cooking products must certify to DOE that their products
comply with any applicable energy conservation standards. In certifying
compliance, manufacturers must test their products according to the DOE
test procedures for residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and
conventional cooking products including any amendments adopted for
those test procedures. DOE has established regulations for the
certification and recordkeeping requirements for all covered consumer
products and commercial equipment, including residential dishwashers,
dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products. (76 FR 12422 (Mar. 7,
2011). The collection-of-information requirement for the certification
and recordkeeping is subject to review and approval by OMB under the
Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA). This requirement has been approved by
OMB under OMB control number 1910-1400. Public reporting burden for the
certification is estimated to average 20 hours per response, including
the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources,
gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing
the collection of information.
Notwithstanding any other provision of the law, no person is
required to respond to, nor shall any person be subject to a penalty
for failure to comply with, a collection of information subject to the
requirements of the PRA, unless that collection of information displays
a currently valid OMB Control Number.
D. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969
In this final rule, DOE amends its test procedure for residential
dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products. DOE has
determined that this rule falls into a class of actions that are
categorically excluded from review under the National Environmental
Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) and DOE's implementing
regulations at 10 CFR part 1021. Specifically, this rule amends an
existing rule without affecting the amount, quality or distribution of
energy usage, and, therefore, will not result in any environmental
impacts. Thus, this rulemaking is covered by Categorical Exclusion A5
under 10 CFR part 1021, subpart D, which applies to any rulemaking that
interprets or amends an existing rule without changing the
environmental effect of that rule. Accordingly, neither an
environmental assessment nor an environmental impact statement is
required.
E. Review Under Executive Order 13132
Executive Order 13132, ``Federalism,'' 64 FR 43255 (Aug. 4, 1999)
imposes certain requirements on agencies formulating and implementing
policies or regulations that preempt State law or that have Federalism
implications. The Executive Order requires agencies to examine the
constitutional and statutory authority supporting any action that would
limit the policymaking discretion of the States and to carefully assess
the necessity for such actions. The Executive Order also requires
agencies to have an accountable process to ensure meaningful and timely
input by State and local officials in the development of regulatory
policies that have Federalism implications. On March 14, 2000, DOE
published a statement of policy describing the intergovernmental
consultation process it will follow in the development of such
regulations. 65 FR 13735. DOE examined this final rule and determined
that it will not have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the
relationship between the national government and the States, or on the
distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of
government. EPCA governs and prescribes Federal preemption of State
regulations as to energy conservation for the products that are the
subject of today's final rule. States can petition DOE for exemption
from such preemption to the extent, and based on criteria, set forth in
EPCA. (42
[[Page 65976]]
U.S.C. 6297(d)) No further action is required by Executive Order 13132.
F. Review Under Executive Order 12988
Regarding the review of existing regulations and the promulgation
of new regulations, section 3(a) of Executive Order 12988, ``Civil
Justice Reform,'' 61 FR 4729 (Feb. 7, 1996), imposes on Federal
agencies the general duty to adhere to the following requirements: (1)
Eliminate drafting errors and ambiguity; (2) write regulations to
minimize litigation; (3) provide a clear legal standard for affected
conduct rather than a general standard; and (4) promote simplification
and burden reduction. Section 3(b) of Executive Order 12988
specifically requires that Executive agencies make every reasonable
effort to ensure that the regulation: (1) Clearly specifies the
preemptive effect, if any; (2) clearly specifies any effect on existing
Federal law or regulation; (3) provides a clear legal standard for
affected conduct while promoting simplification and burden reduction;
(4) specifies the retroactive effect, if any; (5) adequately defines
key terms; and (6) addresses other important issues affecting clarity
and general draftsmanship under any guidelines issued by the Attorney
General. Section 3(c) of Executive Order 12988 requires Executive
agencies to review regulations in light of applicable standards in
sections 3(a) and 3(b) to determine whether they are met or it is
unreasonable to meet one or more of them. DOE has completed the
required review and determined that, to the extent permitted by law,
this final rule meets the relevant standards of Executive Order 12988.
G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA)
requires each Federal agency to assess the effects of Federal
regulatory actions on State, local, and Tribal governments and the
private sector. Public Law 104-4, sec. 201 (codified at 2 U.S.C. 1531).
For a regulatory action resulting in a rule that may cause the
expenditure by State, local, and Tribal governments, in the aggregate,
or by the private sector of $100 million or more in any one year
(adjusted annually for inflation), section 202 of UMRA requires a
Federal agency to publish a written statement that estimates the
resulting costs, benefits, and other effects on the national economy.
(2 U.S.C. 1532(a), (b)) The UMRA also requires a Federal agency to
develop an effective process to permit timely input by elected officers
of State, local, and Tribal governments on a proposed ``significant
intergovernmental mandate,'' and requires an agency plan for giving
notice and opportunity for timely input to potentially affected small
governments before establishing any requirements that might
significantly or uniquely affect small governments. On March 18, 1997,
DOE published a statement of policy on its process for
intergovernmental consultation under UMRA. 62 FR 12820; also available
at www.gc.doe.gov. DOE examined today's final rule according to UMRA
and its statement of policy and determined that the rule contains
neither an intergovernmental mandate, nor a mandate that may result in
the expenditure of $100 million or more in any year, so these
requirements do not apply.
H. Review Under the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act,
1999
Section 654 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations
Act, 1999 (Pub. L. 105-277) requires Federal agencies to issue a Family
Policymaking Assessment for any rule that may affect family well-being.
Today's final rule will not have any impact on the autonomy or
integrity of the family as an institution. Accordingly, DOE has
concluded that it is not necessary to prepare a Family Policymaking
Assessment.
I. Review Under Executive Order 12630
DOE has determined, under Executive Order 12630, ``Governmental
Actions and Interference with Constitutionally Protected Property
Rights'' 53 FR 8859 (Mar.18, 1988), that this regulation will not
result in any takings that might require compensation under the Fifth
Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
J. Review Under Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act,
2001
Section 515 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations
Act, 2001 (44 U.S.C. 3516 note) provides for agencies to review most
disseminations of information to the public under guidelines
established by each agency pursuant to general guidelines issued by
OMB. OMB's guidelines were published at 67 FR 8452 (Feb. 22, 2002), and
DOE's guidelines were published at 67 FR 62446 (Oct. 7, 2002). DOE has
reviewed today's final rule under the OMB and DOE guidelines and has
concluded that it is consistent with applicable policies in those
guidelines.
K. Review Under Executive Order 13211
Executive Order 13211, ``Actions Concerning Regulations That
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use,'' 66 FR 28355
(May 22, 2001), requires Federal agencies to prepare and submit to OMB,
a Statement of Energy Effects for any significant energy action. A
``significant energy action'' is defined as any action by an agency
that promulgated or is expected to lead to promulgation of a final
rule, and that: (1) Is a significant regulatory action under Executive
Order 12866, or any successor order; and (2) is likely to have a
significant adverse effect on the supply, distribution, or use of
energy; or (3) is designated by the Administrator of OIRA as a
significant energy action. For any significant energy action, the
agency must give a detailed statement of any adverse effects on energy
supply, distribution, or use if the regulation is implemented, and of
reasonable alternatives to the action and their expected benefits on
energy supply, distribution, and use.
Today's regulatory action is not a significant regulatory action
under Executive Order 12866. Moreover, it would not have a significant
adverse effect on the supply, distribution, or use of energy, nor has
it been designated as a significant energy action by the Administrator
of OIRA. Therefore, it is not a significant energy action, and,
accordingly, DOE has not prepared a Statement of Energy Effects.
L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration Act of
1974
Under section 301 of the Department of Energy Organization Act
(Pub. L. 95-91; 42 U.S.C. 7101), DOE must comply with section 32 of the
Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974, as amended by the Federal
Energy Administration Authorization Act of 1977. (15 U.S.C. 788; FEAA)
Section 32 essentially provides in relevant part that, where a proposed
rule authorizes or requires use of commercial standards, the notice of
proposed rulemaking must inform the public of the use and background of
such standards. In addition, section 32(c) requires DOE to consult with
the Attorney General and the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission
(FTC) concerning the impact of the commercial or industry standards on
competition.
The amendments to the test procedures in today's final rule
incorporate testing methods contained in certain sections of the
following commercial standards:
1. ANSI/AHAM Standard DH-1-2008, Dehumidifiers, 2008, ANSI approved
May 9, 2008.
[[Page 65977]]
2. ANSI/AHAM Standard DW-1-2010, Household Electric Dishwashers,
ANSI approved September 10, 2010.
3. IEC Standard 62301, Household electrical appliances--Measurement
of standby power, Edition 2.0, 2011-01.
DOE has evaluated these standards and is unable to conclude whether
they fully comply with the requirements of section 32(b) of the FEAA
(i.e., whether they were developed in a manner that fully provides for
public participation, comment, and review.) DOE has consulted with both
the Attorney General and the Chairman of the FTC about the impact on
competition of using the methods contained in these standards and has
received no comments objecting to their use.
M. Congressional Notification
As required by 5 U.S.C. 801, DOE will report to Congress on the
promulgation of today's rule before its effective date. The report will
state that it has been determined that the rule is not a ``major rule''
as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).
V. Approval of the Office of the Secretary
The Secretary of Energy has approved publication of this final
rule.
List of Subjects
10 CFR Part 429
Administrative practice and procedure, Buildings and facilities,
Business and industry, Energy conservation, Grant programs--energy,
Housing, Incorporation by reference, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Technical assistance.
10 CFR Part 430
Administrative practice and procedure, Confidential business
information, Energy conservation, Household appliances, Imports,
Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Small
businesses.
Issued in Washington, DC, on September 14, 2012.
Kathleen B. Hogan,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency, Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy.
For the reasons stated in the preamble, DOE amends parts 429 and
430 of title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations, as set forth below:
PART 429--CERTIFICATION, COMPLIANCE, AND ENFORCEMENT FOR CONSUMER
PRODUCTS AND COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT
0
1. The authority citation for part 429 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291-6317.
0
2. Section 429.4 is amended by adding paragraph (b)(2) to read as
follows:
Sec. 429.4 Materials incorporated by reference.
* * * * *
(b) * * *
(2) ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010, Household Electric Dishwashers, (ANSI
approved September 18, 2010), IBR approved for Sec. 429.19.
* * * * *
0
3. Section 429.19 is amended by revising paragraph (b)(3) to read as
follows:
Sec. 429.19 Dishwashers.
* * * * *
(b) * * *
(3) Pursuant to Sec. 429.12(b)(13), a certification report shall
include the following additional product-specific information when
using appendix C or appendix C1: the capacity in number of place
settings as specified in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 when using appendix C
(incorporated by reference, see Sec. 429.4) and ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010
when using appendix C1 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 429.4),
presence of a soil sensor (if yes, the number of cycles required to
reach calibration), and the water inlet temperature used for testing in
degrees Fahrenheit ([deg]F). When using appendix C1, additionally: the
cycle selected for energy testing and whether that cycle is soil-
sensing, the options selected for the energy test, and presence of a
built-in water softening system (if yes, the energy use in kilowatt-
hours and the water use in gallons required for each regeneration of
the water softening system, the number of regeneration cycles per year,
and data and calculations used to derive these values).
0
4. Section 429.23 is amended by revising paragraph (a)(2)(ii)
introductory text to read as follows:
Sec. 429.23 Conventional cooking tops, conventional ovens, microwave
ovens.
(a) * * *
(2) * * *
(ii) Any represented value of the energy factor, integrated energy
factor, or other measure of energy consumption of a basic model for
which consumers would favor higher values shall be less than or equal
to the lower of:
* * * * *
0
5. Section 429.36 is amended by revising paragraph (a)(2)(ii)
introductory text to read as follows:
Sec. 429.36 Dehumidifiers.
(a) * * *
(2) * * *
(ii) Any represented value of the energy factor, integrated energy
factor, or other measure of energy consumption of a basic model for
which consumers would favor higher values shall be less than or equal
to the lower of:
* * * * *
PART 430--ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAM FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS
0
6. The authority citation for part 430 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291-6309; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.
0
7. Section 430.3 is amended by:
0
a. Redesignating paragraphs (h)(1) and (h)(2) through (h)(5) as
paragraphs (h)(2) and (h)(4) through (h)(7) respectively;
0
b. Adding new paragraphs (h)(1) and (h)(3); and
0
c. Revising paragraph (m)(2).
The additions and revisions read as follows:
Sec. 430.3 Materials incorporated by reference.
* * * * *
(h) * * *
(1) ANSI/AHAM DH-1-2008 (``ANSI/AHAM DH-1''), Dehumidifiers, ANSI
approved May 9, 2008, IBR approved for appendix X1 to subpart B.
* * * * *
(3) ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010, Household Electric Dishwashers, (ANSI
approved September 18, 2010), IBR approved for appendix C1 to subpart
B.
* * * * *
(m) * * *
(2) IEC Standard 62301 (``IEC 62301''), Household electrical
appliances-Measurement of standby power (Edition 2.0, 2011-01), IBR
approved for appendix C1, appendix I, appendix J2, and appendix X1 to
subpart B.
* * * * *
0
8. Section 430.23 is amended by revising paragraphs (c), (i), and (z)
to read as follows:
Sec. 430.23 Test procedures for the measurement of energy and water
consumption.
* * * * *
(c) Dishwashers. (1) The Estimated Annual Operating Cost (EAOC) for
[[Page 65978]]
dishwashers must be rounded to the nearest dollar per year and is
defined as follows:
(i) When cold water (50 [deg]F) is used,
(A) When using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of
appendix C), for dishwashers having a truncated normal cycle as defined
in section 1.15 of appendix C to this subpart, EAOC = (De x
S) + (De x N x (M-(ED/2))).
(B) When using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of
appendix C1), for dishwashers having a truncated normal cycle as
defined in section 1.22 of appendix C1 to this subpart, EAOC =
(De x ETLP) + (De x N x (M +
MWS + EF-(ED/2))).
(C) When using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of
appendix C), for dishwashers not having a truncated normal cycle, EAOC
= (De x S) + (De x N x M).
(D) When using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of
appendix C1), for dishwashers not having a truncated normal cycle, EAOC
= (De x ETLP) + (De x N x (M +
MWS + EF)).
Where,
De = the representative average unit cost of electrical
energy, in dollars per kilowatt-hour, as provided by the Secretary,
S = the estimated annual standby energy consumption in kilowatt-
hours per year and determined according to section 5.6 of appendix C
to this subpart,
ETLP = the annual combined low-power mode energy
consumption in kilowatt-hours per year and determined according to
section 5.7 of appendix C1 to this subpart,
N = the representative average dishwasher use of 215 cycles per
year,
M = the machine energy consumption per cycle for the normal cycle,
as defined in section 1.6 of appendix C to this subpart, in
kilowatt-hours and determined according to section 5.1 of appendix C
to this subpart when using appendix C (see the note at the beginning
of appendix C); the normal cycle is defined in section 1.12 of
appendix C1 to this subpart, and the machine energy consumption per
cycle in kilowatt-hours must be determined according to section
5.1.1 of appendix C1 to this subpart for non-soil-sensing
dishwashers and section 5.1.2 of appendix C1 to this subpart for
soil-sensing dishwashers when using appendix C1 (see the note at the
beginning of appendix C1),
MWS = the machine energy consumption per cycle for water
softener regeneration, in kilowatt-hours and determined according to
section 5.1.3 of appendix C1 to this subpart,
EF = the fan-only mode energy consumption per cycle, in
kilowatt-hours and determined according to section 5.2 of appendix
C1 to this subpart, and
ED = the drying energy consumption, in kilowatt-hours and
defined as energy consumed using the power-dry feature after the
termination of the last rinse option of the normal cycle;
ED is determined according to section 5.2 of appendix C
to this subpart when using appendix C (see the note at the beginning
of appendix C), and determined according to section 5.3 of appendix
C1 to this subpart when using appendix C1 (see the note at the
beginning of appendix C1),
(E) Manufacturers calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraph
(c)(1)(i)(A) of this section should calculate EAEU pursuant to
paragraph (c)(2)(i)(A) of this section. Manufacturers calculating EAOC
pursuant to paragraphs (c)(1)(i)(B) of this section should calculate
EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i)(B) of this section. Manufacturers
calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(i)(C) of this section
should calculate EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(A) of this
section. Manufacturers calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraph
(c)(1)(i)(D) of this section should calculate EAEU pursuant to
paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(B) of this section.
(ii) When electrically-heated water (120 [deg]F or 140 [deg]F) is
used,
(A) When using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of
appendix C), for dishwashers having a truncated normal cycle as defined
in section 1.15 of appendix C to this subpart, EAOC = (De x
S) + (De x N x (M-(ED/2))) + (De x N x
W).
(B) When using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of
appendix C1), for dishwashers having a truncated normal cycle as
defined in section 1.22 of appendix C1 to this subpart, EAOC =
(De x ETLP) + (De x N x (M +
MWS + EF-(ED/2))) + (De x N
x (W + WWS)).
(C) When using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of
appendix C), for dishwashers not having a truncated normal cycle, EAOC
= (De x S) + (De x N x M) + (De x N x
W).
(D) When using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of
appendix C1), for dishwashers not having a truncated normal cycle, EAOC
= (De x ETLP) + (De x N x (M +
MWS + EF)) + (De x N x (W +
WWS)).
Where,
De, S, ETLP, N, M, MWS,
EF, and ED, are defined in paragraph (c)(1)(i)
of this section,
W = the water energy consumption per cycle for the normal cycle as
defined in section 1.6 of appendix C to this subpart, in kilowatt-
hours and determined according to section 5.4 of appendix C to this
subpart when using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of
appendix C); when using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning
of appendix C1), the normal cycle is as defined in section 1.12 of
appendix C1 to this subpart, and the water energy consumption per
cycle in kilowatt-hours is determined according to section 5.5.1.1
of appendix C1 to this subpart for dishwashers that operate with a
nominal 140 [deg]F inlet water temperature and section 5.5.2.1 of
appendix C1 to this subpart for dishwashers that operate with a
nominal inlet water temperature of 120 [deg]F, and
WWS = the water softener regeneration water energy
consumption per cycle in kilowatt-hours and determined according to
section 5.5.1.2 of appendix C1 to this subpart for dishwashers that
operate with a nominal 140 [deg]F inlet water temperature and
section 5.5.2.2 of appendix C1 to this subpart for dishwashers that
operate with a nominal inlet water temperature of 120 [deg]F.
(E) Manufacturers calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraph
(c)(1)(ii)(A) of this section should calculate EAEU pursuant to
paragraph (c)(2)(i)(A) of this section. Manufacturers calculating EAOC
pursuant to paragraphs (c)(1)(ii)(B) of this section should calculate
EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i)(B) of this section. Manufacturers
calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(ii)(C) of this section
should calculate EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(A) of this
section. Manufacturers calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraph
(c)(1)(ii)(D) of this section should calculate EAEU pursuant to
paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(B) of this section.
(iii) When gas-heated or oil-heated water is used,
(A) When using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of
appendix C), for dishwashers having a truncated normal cycle as defined
in section 1.15 of appendix C to this subpart, EAOCg =
(De x S) + (De x N x (M-(ED/2))) +
(Dg x N x Wg).
(B) When using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of
appendix C1), for dishwashers having a truncated normal cycle as
defined in section 1.22 of appendix C1 to this subpart,
EAOCg = (De x ETLP) + (De x
N x (M + MWS + EF-(ED/2))) +
(Dg x N x (Wg + WWSg)).
(C) When using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of
appendix C), for dishwashers not having a truncated normal cycle,
EAOCg = (De x S) + (De x N x M) +
(Dg x N x Wg).
(D) When using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of
appendix C1), for dishwashers not having a truncated normal cycle,
EAOCg = (De x ETLP) + (De x
N x (M + MWS + EF)) + (Dg x N x
(Wg + WWSg)).
Where,
De, S, ETLP, N, M, MWS,
EF, and ED are defined in paragraph (c)(1)(i)
of this section,
Dg = the representative average unit cost of gas or oil,
as appropriate, in dollars per Btu, as provided by the Secretary,
Wg = the water energy consumption per cycle for the
normal cycle as defined in section
[[Page 65979]]
1.6 of appendix C to this subpart, in Btus and determined according
to section 5.5 of appendix C to this subpart when using appendix C
(see the note at the beginning of appendix C); when using appendix
C1 (see the note at the beginning of appendix C1), the normal cycle
is as defined in section 1.12 of appendix C1 to this subpart, and
the water energy consumption per cycle in Btus is determined
according to section 5.6.1.1 of appendix C1 to this subpart for
dishwashers that operate with a nominal 140 [deg]F inlet water
temperature and section 5.6.2.1 of appendix C1 to this subpart for
dishwashers that operate with a nominal inlet water temperature of
120 [deg]F and
WWSg = the water softener regeneration energy consumption
per cycle in Btu per cycle and determined according to section
5.6.1.2 of appendix C1 to this subpart for dishwashers that operate
with a nominal 140 [deg]F inlet water temperature and section
5.6.2.2 of appendix C1 to this subpart for dishwashers that operate
with a nominal inlet water temperature of 120 [deg]F.
(E) Manufacturers calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraph
(c)(1)(iii)(A) of this section should calculate EAEU pursuant to
paragraph (c)(2)(i)(A) of this section. Manufacturers calculating EAOC
pursuant to paragraphs (c)(1)(iii)(B) of this section should calculate
EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i)(B) of this section. Manufacturers
calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(iii)(C) of this section
should calculate EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(A) of this
section. Manufacturers calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraph
(c)(1)(iii)(D) of this section should calculate EAEU pursuant to
paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(B) of this section.
(2) The estimated annual energy use, EAEU, expressed in kilowatt-
hours per year must be rounded to the nearest kilowatt-hour per year
and is defined as follows:
(i) When using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of
appendix C), for dishwashers having a truncated normal cycle as defined
in section 1.15 of appendix C to this subpart and when using appendix
C1 (see the note at the beginning of appendix C), as defined in section
1.22 of appendix C1 to this subpart,
(A) EAEU = (M-(ED/2) + W) x N + S may be used for units
manufactured:
(1) Before April 29, 2013 to make representations of energy
efficiency; and
(2) Before the compliance date of any amended standards to
demonstrate compliance.
(B) EAEU = (M + MWS + EF-(ED/2) +
W + WWS) x N + (ETLP) must be used for units
manufactured:
(1) On or after April 29, 2013 to make representations of energy
efficiency; and
(2) On or after the compliance date of any amended standards to
demonstrate compliance.
Where,
M, MWS, S, ED, N, EF, and
ETLP are defined in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section,
and W and WWS, are defined in paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of
this section.
(C) Manufacturers calculating EAEU pursuant to paragraph
(c)(2)(i)(A) of this section should calculate EAOC pursuant to
paragraph (c)(1)(i)(A), (c)(1)(ii)(A), or (c)(1)(iii)(A) of this
section, as appropriate. Manufacturers calculating EAEU pursuant to
paragraph (c)(2)(i)(B) of this section should calculate EAOC pursuant
to paragraph (c)(1)(i)(B), (c)(1)(ii)(B), or (c)(1)(iii)(B) of this
section, as appropriate.
(ii) For dishwashers not having a truncated normal cycle:
(A) EAEU = (M + W) x N + S may be used for units manufactured:
(1) Before April 29, 2013 to make representations of energy
efficiency; and
(2) Before the compliance date of any amended standards to
demonstrate compliance.
(B) EAEU = (M + MWS + EF + W +
WWS) x N + ETLP must be used for units
manufactured:
(1) On or after April 29, 2013 to make representations of energy
efficiency; and
(2) On or after the compliance date of any amended standards to
demonstrate compliance.
Where,
M, MWS, S, N, EF, and ETLP are
defined in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, and W and
WWS are defined in paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section.
(C) Manufacturers calculating EAEU pursuant to paragraph
(c)(2)(ii)(A) of this section should calculate EAOC pursuant to
paragraph (c)(1)(i)(C), (c)(1)(ii)(C), or (c)(1)(iii)(C) of this
section, as appropriate. Manufacturers calculating EAEU pursuant to
paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(B) of this section should calculate EAOC pursuant
to paragraph (c)(1)(i)(D), (c)(1)(ii)(D), or (c)(1)(iii)(D) of this
section, as appropriate.
(3) When using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of
appendix C), the water consumption, V, expressed in gallons per cycle
and defined in section 5.3 of appendix C to this subpart, and when
using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of appendix C1), water
consumption, V, and the sum of the water consumption, V, and the water
consumption during water softener regeneration, VWS,
expressed in gallons per cycle and defined in section 5.4 of appendix
C1 to this subpart, must be rounded to one decimal place.
(i) Water consumption, V, may be measured for units manufactured:
(A) Before April 29, 2013 to make representations of energy
efficiency; and
(B) Before the compliance date of any amended standards to
demonstrate compliance.
(ii) Manufacturers calculating water consumption pursuant to
paragraph (c)(3)(i) of this section should calculate EAOC as described
in paragraph (c)(1)(i)(A), (c)(1)(i)(C), (c)(1)(ii)(A), (c)(1)(ii)(C),
(c)(1)(iii)(A), or (c)(1)(iii)(C) of this section, as appropriate.
Manufacturers calculating water consumption pursuant to paragraph
(c)(3)(i) of this section should calculate EAEU as described in
paragraph (c)(2)(i)(A) or (c)(2)(ii)(A) of this section, as
appropriate.
(iii) The sum of the water consumption, V, and the water
consumption during water softener regeneration, VWS, must be
measured for units manufactured:
(A) On or after April 29, 2013 to make representations of energy
efficiency; and
(B) On or after the compliance date of any amended standards to
demonstrate compliance.
(C) Manufacturers calculating water consumption pursuant to
paragraph (c)(3)(iii) of this section should calculate EAOC as
described in paragraph (c)(1)(i)(B), (c)(1)(i)(D), (c)(1)(ii)(B),
(c)(1)(ii)(D), (c)(1)(iii)(B), or (c)(1)(iii)(D) of this section, as
appropriate. Manufacturers calculating water consumption pursuant to
paragraph (c)(3)(iii) of this section should calculate EAEU as
described in paragraph (c)(2)(i)(B) or (c)(2)(ii)(B) of this section,
as appropriate.
(4) Other useful measures of energy consumption for dishwashers are
those which the Secretary determines are likely to assist consumers in
making purchasing decisions and which are derived from the application
of appendix C and appendix C1 to this subpart.
* * * * *
(i) Kitchen ranges and ovens. (1) The estimated annual operating
cost for conventional ranges, conventional cooking tops, and
conventional ovens shall be the sum of the following products:
(i) The total integrated annual electrical energy consumption for
any electrical energy usage, in kilowatt-hours (kWhs) per year, times
the representative average unit cost for electricity, in dollars per
kWh, as provided pursuant to section 323(b)(2) of the Act; plus
(ii) The total annual gas energy consumption for any natural gas
usage, in British thermal units (Btus) per year, times the
representative average unit
[[Page 65980]]
cost for natural gas, in dollars per Btu, as provided pursuant to
section 323(b)(2) of the Act; plus
(iii) The total annual gas energy consumption for any propane
usage, in Btus per year, times the representative average unit cost for
propane, in dollars per Btu, as provided pursuant to section 323(b)(2)
of the Act. The total annual energy consumption for conventional
ranges, conventional cooking tops, and conventional ovens shall be as
determined according to sections 4.3, 4.2.2, and 4.1.2, respectively,
of appendix I to this subpart. For conventional gas cooking tops, total
integrated annual electrical energy consumption shall be equal to
ECTSO, defined in section 4.2.2.2.4 of appendix I to this
subpart. The estimated annual operating cost shall be rounded off to
the nearest dollar per year.
(2) The cooking efficiency for conventional cooking tops and
conventional ovens shall be the ratio of the cooking energy output for
the test to the cooking energy input for the test, as determined
according to sections 4.2.1 and 4.1.3, respectively, of appendix I to
this subpart. The final cooking efficiency values shall be rounded off
to three significant digits.
(3) [Reserved]
(4) The energy factor for conventional ranges, conventional cooking
tops, and conventional ovens shall be the ratio of the annual useful
cooking energy output to the total annual energy input, as determined
according to sections 4.3, 4.2.3.1, and 4.1.4.1, respectively, of
appendix I to this subpart. The final energy factor values shall be
rounded off to three significant digits.
(5) The integrated energy factor for conventional ranges,
conventional cooking tops, and conventional ovens shall be the ratio of
the annual useful cooking energy output to the total integrated annual
energy input, as determined according to sections 4.3, 4.2.3.2, and
4.1.4.2, respectively, of appendix I to this subpart. The final
integrated energy factor values shall be rounded off to three
significant digits.
(6) There shall be two estimated annual operating costs, two
cooking efficiencies, and two energy factors for convertible cooking
appliances--
(i) An estimated annual operating cost, a cooking efficiency, and
an energy factor which represent values for those three measures of
energy consumption for the operation of the appliance with natural gas;
and
(ii) An estimated annual operating cost, a cooking efficiency, and
an energy factor which represent values for those three measures of
energy consumption for the operation of the appliance with LP-gas.
(7) There shall be two integrated energy factors for convertible
cooking appliances--
(i) An integrated energy factor which represents the value for this
measure of energy consumption for the operation of the appliance with
natural gas; and
(ii) An integrated energy factor which represents the value for
this measure of energy consumption for the operation of the appliance
with LP-gas.
(8) The estimated annual operating cost for convertible cooking
appliances which represents natural gas usage, as described in
paragraph (i)(6)(i) of this section, shall be determined according to
paragraph (i)(1) of this section using the total annual gas energy
consumption for natural gas times the representative average unit cost
for natural gas.
(9) The estimated annual operating cost for convertible cooking
appliances which represents LP-gas usage, as described in paragraph
(i)(6)(ii) of this section, shall be determined according to paragraph
(i)(1) of this section using the representative average unit cost for
propane times the total annual energy consumption of the test gas,
either propane or natural gas.
(10) The cooking efficiency for convertible cooking appliances
which represents natural gas usage, as described in paragraph (i)(6)(i)
of this section, shall be determined according to paragraph (i)(2) of
this section when the appliance is tested with natural gas.
(11) The cooking efficiency for convertible cooking appliances
which represents LP-gas usage, as described in paragraph (i)(6)(ii) of
this section, shall be determined according to paragraph (i)(2) of this
section, when the appliance is tested with either natural gas or
propane.
(12) The energy factor for convertible cooking appliances which
represents natural gas usage, as described in paragraph (i)(6)(i) of
this section, shall be determined according to paragraph (i)(4) of this
section when the appliance is tested with natural gas.
(13) The integrated energy factor for convertible cooking
appliances which represents natural gas usage, as described in
paragraph (i)(7)(i) of this section, shall be determined according to
paragraph (i)(5) of this section when the appliance is tested with
natural gas.
(14) The energy factor for convertible cooking appliances which
represents LP-gas usage, as described in paragraph (i)(6)(ii) of this
section, shall be determined according to paragraph (i)(4) of this
section when the appliance is tested with either natural gas or
propane.
(15) The integrated energy factor for convertible cooking
appliances which represents LP-gas usage, as described in paragraph
(i)(7)(ii) of this section, shall be determined according to paragraph
(i)(5) of this section when the appliance is tested with natural gas or
propane.
(16) Other useful measures of energy consumption for conventional
ranges, conventional cooking tops, and conventional ovens shall be
those measures of energy consumption which the Secretary determines are
likely to assist consumers in making purchasing decisions and which are
derived from the application of appendix I to this subpart.
* * * * *
(z) Dehumidifiers. (1) When using appendix X (see the note at the
beginning of appendix X), the energy factor for dehumidifiers,
expressed in liters per kilowatt hour (L/kWh), shall be measured in
accordance with section 4.1 of appendix X of this subpart.
(2) When using appendix X1 (see the note at the beginning of
appendix X1), the integrated energy factor for dehumidifiers, expressed
in L/kWh, shall be determined according to paragraph 5.2 of appendix X1
to this subpart.
* * * * *
0
9. Appendix C to subpart B of part 430 is amended by:
0
a. Revising the introductory text;
0
b. Revising sections 1.2, 1.9, 1.10, 1.11, and 1.13;
0
c. Revising section 2.6.2, 2.6.3.1, 2.6.3.2, 2.6.3.3, 2.7, and 2.8; and
0
d. Revising sections 5.4.1, 5.4.2; 5.5.1, and 5.5.2.
The additions and revisions read as follows:
Appendix C to Subpart B of Part 430--Uniform Test Method for Measuring
the Energy Consumption of Dishwashers
Note: Prior to the compliance date for any amended energy
conservation standards that incorporate standby mode and off mode
energy consumption (May 30, 2013 unless the direct final rule
published on May 30, 2012 is withdrawn), manufacturers may use
either Appendix C or Appendix C1 to certify compliance with existing
DOE energy conservation standards and to make any representations
related to energy and/or water consumption of dishwashers, with the
following exception. If the compliance date is after April 29, 2013,
manufacturers that make representations related to standby mode and
off mode energy consumption must use Appendix C1 for any
representations made after April 29, 2013 of the energy and/or water
consumption of these products, consistent with the requirements of
42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2).
After the compliance date for any amended energy conservation
standards that
[[Page 65981]]
incorporate standby mode and off mode energy consumption (May 30,
2013 unless the direct final rule published on May 30, 2012 is
withdrawn), all dishwashers shall be tested using the provisions of
Appendix C1 to certify compliance with amended energy conservation
standards and to make any representations related to energy and/or
water consumption, with the following exception. If the compliance
date is before April 29, 2013, manufacturers may use Appendix C for
any representations until April 29, 2013 of energy and/or water
consumption of these products, consistent with the requirements of
42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2).
* * * * *
1.2 Compact dishwasher means a dishwasher that has a capacity of
less than eight place settings plus six serving pieces as specified
in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 (incorporated by reference; see Sec. 430.3),
using the test load specified in section 2.7.1 of this appendix.
* * * * *
1.9 Sensor heavy response means, for standard dishwashers, the
set of operations in a soil-sensing dishwasher for completely
washing a load of dishes, four place settings of which are soiled
according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 (incorporated by reference; see
Sec. 430.3) and as additionally specified in section 2.7.2 of this
appendix. For compact dishwashers, this definition is the same,
except that two soiled place settings are used instead of four.
1.10 Sensor light response means, for both standard and compact
dishwashers, the set of operations in a soil-sensing dishwasher for
completely washing a load of dishes, one place setting of which is
soiled with half of the gram weight of soils for each item specified
in a single place setting according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992
(incorporated by reference; see Sec. 430.3) and as additionally
specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix.
1.11 Sensor medium response means, for standard dishwashers, the
set of operations in a soil-sensing dishwasher for completely
washing a load of dishes, two place settings of which are soiled
according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 (incorporated by reference; see
Sec. 430.3) and as additionally specified in section 2.7.2 of this
appendix. For compact dishwashers, this definition is the same,
except that one soiled place setting is used.
* * * * *
1.13 Standard dishwasher means a dishwasher that has a capacity
equal to or greater than eight place settings plus six serving
pieces as specified in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 (incorporated by
reference; see Sec. 430.3), using the test load specified in
section 2.7.1 of this appendix.
* * * * *
2. Testing Conditions
* * * * *
2.6.2 Non-soil-sensing dishwashers to be tested at a nominal
inlet temperature of 50 [deg]F or 120 [deg]F. These units must be
tested on the normal cycle with a clean load of eight place settings
plus six serving pieces, as specified in section 2.7.1 of this
appendix. If the capacity of the dishwasher, as stated by the
manufacturer, is less than eight place settings, then the test load
must be the stated capacity.
* * * * *
2.6.3.1 For tests of the sensor heavy response, as defined in
section 1.9 of this appendix:
(A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with
a total of eight place settings plus six serving pieces as specified
in section 2.7.1 of this appendix. Four of the eight place settings
must be soiled according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 (incorporated by
reference, see Sec. 430.3) and as additionally specified in section
2.7.2 of this appendix, while the remaining place settings, serving
pieces, and all flatware are not soiled.
(B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with
four place settings plus six serving pieces as specified in section
2.7.1 of this appendix. Two of the four place settings must be
soiled according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 and as additionally
specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix, while the remaining
place settings, serving pieces, and all flatware are not soiled.
2.6.3.2 For tests of the sensor medium response, as defined in
section 1.11 of this appendix:
(A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with
a total of eight place settings plus six serving pieces as specified
in section 2.7.1 of this appendix. Two of the eight place settings
must be soiled according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 (incorporated by
reference, see Sec. 430.3) and as additionally specified in section
2.7.2 of this appendix, while the remaining place settings, serving
pieces, and all flatware are not soiled.
(B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with
four place settings plus six serving pieces as specified in section
2.7.1 of this appendix. One of the four place settings must be
soiled according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 and as additionally
specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix, while the remaining
place settings, serving pieces, and all flatware are not soiled.
2.6.3.3 For tests of the sensor light response, as defined in
section 1.10 of this appendix:
(A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with
a total of eight place settings plus six serving pieces as specified
in section 2.7.1 of this appendix. One of the eight place settings
must be soiled with half of the soil load specified for a single
place setting according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 (incorporated by
reference, see Sec. 430.3) and as additionally specified in section
2.7.2 of this appendix, while the remaining place settings, serving
pieces, and all flatware are not soiled.
(B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with
four place settings plus six serving pieces as specified in section
2.7.1 of this appendix. One of the four place settings must be
soiled with half of the soil load specified for a single place
setting according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 and as additionally
specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix, while the remaining
place settings, serving pieces, and all flatware are not soiled.
2.7 Test load.
2.7.1 Test load items.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dishware/glassware/flatware item Primary source Description Primary No. Alternate source Alternate source No.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dinner Plate...................... Corning 10 inch Dinner Plate. 6003893................... .................... ....................
Comcor[supreg]/
Corelle[supreg].
Bread and Butter Plate............ Corning 6.75 inch Bread & 6003887................... Arzberg............. 8500217100 or 2000-
Comcor[supreg]/ Butter. 00001-0217-1
Corelle[supreg].
Fruit Bowl........................ Corning 10 oz. Dessert Bowl.. 6003899................... Arzberg............. 3820513100
Comcor[supreg]/
Corelle[supreg].
Cup............................... Corning 8 oz. Ceramic Cup.... 6014162................... Arzberg............. 1382-00001-4732
Comcor[supreg]/
Corelle[supreg].
Saucer............................ Corning 6 inch Saucer........ 6010972................... Arzberg............. 1382-00001-4731
Comcor[supreg]/
Corelle[supreg].
Serving Bowl...................... Corning 1 qt. Serving Bowl... 6003911................... .................... ....................
Comcor[supreg]/
Corelle[supreg].
Platter........................... Corning 9.5 inch Oval Platter 6011655................... .................... ....................
Comcor[supreg]/
Corelle[supreg].
Glass--Iced Tea................... Libbey............... ..................... 551 HT.................... .................... ....................
Flatware--Knife................... Oneida[supreg]--Accen ..................... 2619KPVF.................. WMF--Gastro 0800.... 12.0803.6047
t.
Flatware--Dinner Fork............. Oneida[supreg]--Accen ..................... 2619FRSF.................. WMF--Signum 1900.... 12.1905.6040
t.
Flatware--Salad Fork.............. Oneida[supreg]--Accen ..................... 2619FSLF.................. WMF--Signum 1900.... 12.1964.6040
t.
Flatware--Teaspoon................ Oneida[supreg]--Accen ..................... 2619STSF.................. WMF--Signum 1900.... 12.1910.6040
t.
Flatware--Serving Fork............ Oneida[supreg]--Fligh ..................... 2865FCM................... WMF--Signum 1900.... 12.1902.6040
t.
[[Page 65982]]
Flatware--Serving Spoon........... Oneida[supreg]--Accen ..................... 2619STBF.................. WMF--Signum 1900.... 12.1904.6040
t.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.7.2 Soils. The soils shall be as specified in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-
1992 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 430.3), except for the
following substitutions.
2.7.2.1 Margarine. The margarine shall be Fleischmann's Original
stick margarine.
2.7.2.2 Coffee. The coffee shall be Folgers Classic Decaf.
2.8 Detergent. Use half the quantity of detergent specified
according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 (incorporated by reference, see
Sec. 430.3), using Cascade with the Grease Fighting Power of Dawn
powder as the detergent formulation.
* * * * *
5. Calculation of Derived Results From Test Measurements
* * * * *
5.4 * * *
5.4.1 Dishwashers that operate with a nominal 140[emsp14][deg]F
inlet water temperature, only. Calculate the water energy
consumption, W, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined
as:
W = V x T x K
where,
V = water consumption in gallons per cycle, as determined in section
5.3.1 of this appendix for non-soil-sensing dishwashers and section
5.3.2 of this appendix for soil-sensing dishwashers,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 90[emsp14][deg]F, and
K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours per gallon per degree
Fahrenheit = 0.0024.
5.4.2 Dishwashers that operate with a nominal inlet water
temperature of 120[emsp14][deg]F. Calculate the water energy
consumption, W, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined
as:
W = V x T x K
where,
V = water consumption in gallons per cycle, as determined in section
5.3.1 of this appendix for non-soil-sensing dishwashers and section
5.3.2 of this appendix for soil-sensing dishwashers,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 70[emsp14][deg]F, and
K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours per gallon per degree
Fahrenheit = 0.0024,
5.5 * * *
5.5.1 Dishwashers that operate with a nominal 140 [deg]F inlet
water temperature, only. Calculate the water energy consumption
using gas-heated or oil-heated water, Wg, expressed in
Btu's per cycle and defined as:
Wg = V x T x C/e
where,
V = water consumption in gallons per cycle, as determined in section
5.3.1 of this appendix for non-soil-sensing dishwashers and section
5.3.2 of this appendix for soil-sensing dishwashers,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 90[emsp14][deg]F,
C = specific heat of water in Btu's per gallon per degree Fahrenheit
= 8.2, and
e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery efficiency = 0.75,
5.5.2 Dishwashers that operate with a nominal inlet water
temperature of 120[emsp14][deg]F. Calculate the water energy
consumption using gas-heated or oil-heated water, Wg,
expressed in Btu's per cycle and defined as:
Wg = V x T x C/e
where,
V = water consumption in gallons per cycle, as determined in section
5.3.1 of this appendix for non-soil-sensing dishwashers and section
5.3.2 of this appendix for soil-sensing dishwashers,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 70[emsp14][deg]F,
C = specific heat of water in Btu's per gallon per degree Fahrenheit
= 8.2, and
e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery efficiency = 0.75.
* * * * *
0
10. Add Appendix C1 to subpart B of part 430 to read as follows:
Appendix C1 to Subpart B of Part 430--Uniform Test Method for Measuring
the Energy Consumption of Dishwashers
Note: Prior to the compliance date for any amended energy
conservation standards that incorporate standby mode and off mode
energy consumption (May 30, 2013 unless the direct final rule
published on May 30, 2012 is withdrawn), manufacturers may use
either Appendix C or Appendix C1 to certify compliance with existing
DOE energy conservation standards and to make any representations
related to energy and/or water consumption of dishwashers, with the
following exception. If the compliance date is after April 29, 2013,
manufacturers that make representations related to standby mode and
off mode energy consumption must use Appendix C1 for any
representations made after April 29, 2013 of the energy and/or water
consumption of these products, consistent with the requirements of
42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2).
After the compliance date for any amended energy conservation
standards that incorporate standby mode and off mode energy
consumption (May 30, 2013 unless the direct final rule published on
May 30, 2012 is withdrawn), all dishwashers shall be tested using
the provisions of Appendix C1 to certify compliance with amended
energy conservation standards and to make any representations
related to energy and/or water consumption, with the following
exception. If the compliance date is before April 29, 2013,
manufacturers may use Appendix C for any representations until April
29, 2013 of energy and/or water consumption of these products,
consistent with the requirements of 42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2).
1. Definitions
1.1 Active mode means a mode in which the dishwasher is
connected to a mains power source, has been activated, and is
performing one of the main functions of washing, rinsing, or drying
(when a drying process is included) dishware, glassware, eating
utensils, and most cooking utensils by chemical, mechanical, and/or
electrical means, or is involved in functions necessary for these
main functions, such as admitting water into the dishwasher, pumping
water out of the dishwasher, circulating air, or regenerating an
internal water softener.
1.2 AHAM means the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers.
1.3 Combined low-power mode means the aggregate of available
modes other than active mode.
1.4 Compact dishwasher means a dishwasher that has a capacity of
less than eight place settings plus six serving pieces as specified
in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by reference; see Sec. 430.3),
using the test load specified in section 2.7 of this appendix.
1.5 Cycle means a sequence of operations of a dishwasher which
performs a complete dishwashing function, and may include variations
or combinations of washing, rinsing, and drying.
1.6 Cycle finished mode means a standby mode which provides
continuous status display following operation in active mode.
1.7 Cycle type means any complete sequence of operations capable
of being preset on the dishwasher prior to the initiation of machine
operation.
1.8 Fan-only mode means an active mode that is not user-
selectable, and in which a fan circulates air for a finite period of
time after the end of the cycle, where the end of the cycle is
indicated to the consumer by means of a display, indicator light, or
audible signal.
1.9 IEC 62301 means the standard published by the International
Electrotechnical Commission, titled ``Household electrical
appliances-Measurement of standby power,'' Publication 62301
(Edition 2.0, 2011-01) (incorporated by reference; see Sec. 430.3).
1.10 Inactive mode means a standby mode that facilitates the
activation of active mode by remote switch (including remote
control), internal sensor, or timer, or that provides continuous
status display.
1.11 Non-soil-sensing dishwasher means a dishwasher that does
not have the ability to adjust automatically any energy consuming
aspect of the normal cycle based on the soil load of the dishes.
1.12 Normal cycle means the cycle type, including washing and
drying temperature
[[Page 65983]]
options, recommended in the manufacturer's instructions for daily,
regular, or typical use to completely wash a full load of normally
soiled dishes including the power-dry feature. If no cycle or more
than one cycle is recommended in the manufacturer's instructions for
daily, regular, or typical use to completely wash a full load of
normally soiled dishes, the most energy intensive of these cycles
shall be considered the normal cycle. In the absence of a
manufacturer recommendation on washing and drying temperature
options, the highest energy consumption options must be selected.
1.13 Off mode means a mode in which the dishwasher is connected
to a mains power source and is not providing any active mode or
standby mode function, and where the mode may persist for an
indefinite time. An indicator that only shows the user that the
product is in the off position is included within the classification
of an off mode.
1.14 Power-dry feature means the introduction of electrically-
generated heat into the washing chamber for the purpose of improving
the drying performance of the dishwasher.
1.15 Preconditioning cycle means a normal cycle run with no test
load to ensure that the water lines and sump area of the pump are
primed.
1.16 Sensor heavy response means, for standard dishwashers, the
set of operations in a soil-sensing dishwasher for completely
washing a load of dishes, four place settings of which are soiled
according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by reference; see
Sec. 430.3) and as additionally specified in section 2.7 of this
appendix. For compact dishwashers, this definition is the same,
except that two soiled place settings are used instead of four.
1.17 Sensor light response means, for both standard and compact
dishwashers, the set of operations in a soil-sensing dishwasher for
completely washing a load of dishes, one place setting of which is
soiled with half of the gram weight of soils for each item specified
in a single place setting according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010
(incorporated by reference; see Sec. 430.3) and as additionally
specified in section 2.7 of this appendix.
1.18 Sensor medium response means, for standard dishwashers, the
set of operations in a soil-sensing dishwasher for completely
washing a load of dishes, two place settings of which are soiled
according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by reference; see
Sec. 430.3) and as additionally specified in section 2.7 of this
appendix. For compact dishwashers, this definition is the same,
except that one soiled place setting is used instead of two.
1.19 Soil-sensing dishwasher means a dishwasher that has the
ability to adjust any energy-consuming aspect of the normal cycle
based on the soil load of the dishes.
1.20 Standard dishwasher means a dishwasher that has a capacity
equal to or greater than eight place settings plus six serving
pieces as specified in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by
reference; see Sec. 430.3), using the test load specified in
section 2.7 of this appendix.
1.21 Standby mode means a mode in which the dishwasher is
connected to a mains power source and offers one or more of the
following user-oriented or protective functions which may persist
for an indefinite time: (a) To facilitate the activation of other
modes (including activation or deactivation of active mode) by
remote switch (including remote control), internal sensor, or timer;
(b) continuous functions, including information or status displays
(including clocks) or sensor-based functions. A timer is a
continuous clock function (which may or may not be associated with a
display) that provides regular scheduled tasks (e.g., switching) and
that operates on a continuous basis.
1.22 Truncated normal cycle means the normal cycle interrupted
to eliminate the power-dry feature after the termination of the last
rinse operation.
1.23 Truncated sensor heavy response means the sensor heavy
response interrupted to eliminate the power-dry feature after the
termination of the last rinse operation.
1.24 Truncated sensor light response means the sensor light
response interrupted to eliminate the power-dry feature after the
termination of the last rinse operation.
1.25 Truncated sensor medium response means the sensor medium
response interrupted to eliminate the power-dry feature after the
termination of the last rinse operation.
1.26 Water-heating dishwasher means a dishwasher which, as
recommended by the manufacturer, is designed for heating cold inlet
water (nominal 50 [deg]F) or designed for heating water with a
nominal inlet temperature of 120 [deg]F. Any dishwasher designated
as water-heating (50 [deg]F or 120 [deg]F inlet water) must provide
internal water heating to above 120 [deg]F in a least one wash phase
of the normal cycle.
1.27 Water-softening dishwasher means a dishwasher which
incorporates a water softening system that periodically consumes
additional water and energy during the cycle to regenerate.
2. Testing Conditions
2.1 Installation requirements. Install the dishwasher according
to the manufacturer's instructions, including drain height. If the
manufacture does not provide instructions for a specific drain
height, the drain height shall be 20 inches. The racks shall be
positioned according to the manufacturer recommendation for washing
a full load of normally soiled dishes, or in the absence of a
recommendation, the racks shall be maintained in the as-shipped
position. The rinse aid container shall remain empty. A standard or
compact under-counter or under-sink dishwasher must be tested in a
rectangular enclosure constructed of nominal 0.374 inch (9.5 mm)
plywood painted black. The enclosure must consist of a top, a
bottom, a back, and two sides. If the dishwasher includes a counter
top as part of the appliance, omit the top of the enclosure. Bring
the enclosure into the closest contact with the appliance that the
configuration of the dishwasher will allow. For standby mode and off
mode testing, these products shall also be installed in accordance
with Section 5, Paragraph 5.2 of IEC 62301 (incorporated by
reference; see Sec. 430.3), disregarding the provisions regarding
batteries and the determination, classification, and testing of
relevant modes.
2.2 Electrical energy supply.
2.2.1 Dishwashers that operate with an electrical supply of 115
volts. Maintain the electrical supply to the dishwasher at 115 volts
2 percent and within 1 percent of the nameplate
frequency as specified by the manufacturer. Maintain a continuous
electrical supply to the unit throughout testing, including the
preconditioning cycles, specified in section 2.9 of this appendix,
and in between all test cycles.
2.2.2 Dishwashers that operate with an electrical supply of 240
volts. Maintain the electrical supply to the dishwasher at 240 volts
2 percent and within 1 percent of the nameplate
frequency as specified by the manufacturer. Maintain a continuous
electrical supply to the unit throughout testing, including the
preconditioning cycles, specified in section 2.9 of this appendix,
and in between all test cycles.
2.2.3 Supply voltage waveform. For the standby mode and off mode
testing, maintain the electrical supply voltage waveform indicated
in Section 4, Paragraph 4.3.2 of IEC 62301 (incorporated by
reference; see Sec. 430.3).
2.3 Water temperature. Measure the temperature of the water
supplied to the dishwasher using a temperature measuring device as
specified in section 3.1 of this appendix.
2.3.1 Dishwashers to be tested at a nominal 140 [deg]F inlet
water temperature. Maintain the water supply temperature at 140[deg]
2 [deg]F.
2.3.2 Dishwashers to be tested at a nominal 120 [deg]F inlet
water temperature. Maintain the water supply temperature at 120[deg]
2 [deg]F.
2.3.3 Dishwashers to be tested at a nominal 50 [deg]F inlet
water temperature. Maintain the water supply temperature at 50[deg]
2 [deg]F.
2.4 Water pressure. Using a water pressure gauge as specified in
section 3.4 of this appendix, maintain the pressure of the water
supply at 35 2.5 pounds per square inch gauge (psig)
when the water is flowing. The pressure shall be achieved within 2
seconds of opening the water supply valve.
2.5 Ambient temperature.
2.5.1 Active mode ambient and machine temperature. Using a
temperature measuring device as specified in section 3.1 of this
appendix, maintain the room ambient air temperature at 75[deg]
5 [deg]F and ensure that the dishwasher and the test
load are at room ambient temperature at the start of each test
cycle.
2.5.2 Standby mode and off mode ambient temperature. For standby
mode and off mode testing, maintain room ambient air temperature
conditions as specified in Section 4, Paragraph 4.2 of IEC 62301
(incorporated by reference; see Sec. 430.3).
2.6 Test cycle and load.
2.6.1 Non-soil-sensing dishwashers to be tested at a nominal
inlet temperature of 140 [deg]F. All non-soil-sensing dishwashers to
be tested according to section 4.1 of this appendix at a nominal
inlet temperature of 140 [deg]F must be tested on the normal cycle
[[Page 65984]]
and truncated normal cycle without a test load if the dishwasher
does not heat water in the normal cycle.
2.6.2 Non-soil-sensing dishwashers to be tested at a nominal
inlet temperature of 50 [deg]F or 120 [deg]F. All non-soil-sensing
dishwashers to be tested according to section 4.1 of this appendix
at a nominal inlet temperature of 50 [deg]F or 120 [deg]F must be
tested on the normal cycle with a clean load of eight place settings
plus six serving pieces, as specified in section 2.7 of this
appendix. If the capacity of the dishwasher, as stated by the
manufacturer, is less than eight place settings, then the test load
must be the stated capacity.
2.6.3 Soil-sensing dishwashers to be tested at a nominal inlet
temperature of 50 [deg]F, 120 [deg]F, or 140 [deg]F. All soil-
sensing dishwashers shall be tested according to section 4.1 of this
appendix on the normal cycle. The dishwasher shall be tested first
for the sensor heavy response, then tested for the sensor medium
response, and finally for the sensor light response with the
following combinations of soiled and clean test loads.
2.6.3.1 For tests of the sensor heavy response, as defined in
section 1.16 of this appendix:
(A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with
a total of eight place settings plus six serving pieces as specified
in section 2.7 of this appendix. Four of the eight place settings,
except for the flatware, must be soiled according to sections 5.3
through 5.7 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by reference, see
Sec. 430.3) and as additionally specified in sections 2.7.4 and
2.7.5 of this appendix, while the remaining place settings, serving
pieces, and all flatware are not soiled. The test load is to be
loaded in the dishwasher according to section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-
2010.
(B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with
four place settings plus six serving pieces as specified in section
2.7 of this appendix. Two of the four place settings, except for the
flatware, must be soiled according to sections 5.3 through 5.7 of
ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 and as additionally specified in sections 2.7.4
and 2.7.5 of this appendix, while the remaining place settings,
serving pieces, and all flatware are not soiled. The test load is to
be loaded in the dishwasher according to section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM
DW-1-2010.
2.6.3.2 For tests of the sensor medium response, as defined in
section 1.18 of this appendix:
(A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with
a total of eight place settings plus six serving pieces as specified
in section 2.7 of this appendix. Two of the eight place settings,
except for the flatware, must be soiled according to sections 5.3
through 5.7 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by reference, see
Sec. 430.3) and as additionally specified in sections 2.7.4 and
2.7.5 of this appendix, while the remaining place settings, serving
pieces, and all flatware are not soiled. The test load is to be
loaded in the dishwasher according to section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-
2010.
(B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with
four place settings plus six serving pieces as specified in section
2.7 of this appendix. One of the four place settings, except for the
flatware, must be soiled according to sections 5.3 through 5.7 of
ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 and as additionally specified in sections 2.7.4
and 2.7.5 of this appendix, while the remaining place settings,
serving pieces, and all flatware are not soiled. The test load is to
be loaded in the dishwasher according to section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM
DW-1-2010.
2.6.3.3 For tests of the sensor light response, as defined in
section 1.17 of this appendix:
(A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with
a total of eight place settings plus six serving pieces as specified
in section 2.7 of this appendix. One of the eight place settings,
except for the flatware, must be soiled with half of the soil load
specified for a single place setting according to sections 5.3
through 5.7 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by reference, see
Sec. 430.3) and as additionally specified in sections 2.7.4 and
2.7.5 of this appendix, while the remaining place settings, serving
pieces, and all flatware are not soiled. The test load is to be
loaded in the dishwasher according to section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-
2010.
(B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with
four place settings plus six serving pieces as specified in section
2.7 of this appendix. One of the four place settings, except for the
flatware, must be soiled with half of the soil load specified for a
single place setting according to sections 5.3 through 5.7 of ANSI/
AHAM DW-1-2010 and as additionally specified in sections 2.7.4 and
2.7.5 of this appendix, while the remaining place settings, serving
pieces, and all flatware are not soiled. The test load is to be
loaded in the dishwasher according to section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-
2010.
2.7 Test load.
2.7.1 Test load items.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dishware/glassware/flatware item Primary source Description Primary No. Alternate source Alternate source No.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dinner Plate...................... Corning 10 inch Dinner Plate. 6003893................... .................... ....................
Comcor[supreg]/
Corelle[supreg].
Bread and Butter Plate............ Corning 6.75 inch Bread & 6003887................... Arzberg............. 8500217100 or 2000-
Comcor[supreg]/ Butter. 00001-0217-1
Corelle[supreg].
Fruit Bowl........................ Corning 10 oz. Dessert Bowl.. 6003899................... Arzberg............. 3820513100
Comcor[supreg]/
Corelle[supreg].
Cup............................... Corning 8 oz. Ceramic Cup.... 6014162................... Arzberg............. 1382-00001-4732
Comcor[supreg]/
Corelle[supreg].
Saucer............................ Corning 6 inch Saucer........ 6010972................... Arzberg............. 1382-00001-4731
Comcor[supreg]/
Corelle[supreg].
Serving Bowl...................... Corning 1 qt. Serving Bowl... 6003911................... .................... ....................
Comcor[supreg]/
Corelle[supreg].
Platter........................... Corning 9.5 inch Oval Platter 6011655................... .................... ....................
Comcor[supreg]/
Corelle[supreg].
Glass--Iced Tea................... Libbey............... ..................... 551 HT.................... .................... ....................
Flatware--Knife................... Oneida[supreg]--Accen ..................... 2619KPVF.................. WMF--Gastro 0800.... 12.0803.6047
t.
Flatware--Dinner Fork............. Oneida[supreg]--Accen ..................... 2619FRSF.................. WMF--Signum 1900.... 12.1905.6040
t.
Flatware--Salad Fork.............. Oneida[supreg]--Accen ..................... 2619FSLF.................. WMF--Signum 1900.... 12.1964.6040
t.
Flatware--Teaspoon................ Oneida[supreg]--Accen ..................... 2619STSF.................. WMF--Signum 1900.... 12.1910.6040
t.
Flatware--Serving Fork............ Oneida[supreg]--Fligh ..................... 2865FCM................... WMF--Signum 1900.... 12.1902.6040
t.
Flatware--Serving Spoon........... Oneida[supreg]--Accen ..................... 2619STBF.................. WMF--Signum 1900.... 12.1904.6040
t.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.7.2 Place setting. A place setting shall consist of one cup,
one saucer, one dinner plate, one bread and butter plate, one fruit
bowl, one iced tea glass, one dinner fork, one salad fork, one
knife, and two teaspoons.
2.7.3 Serving pieces. Serving pieces shall consist of two
serving bowls, one platter, one serving fork, and two serving
spoons.
2.7.4 Soils. The soils shall be as specified in section 5.4 of
ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 430.3),
except for the following substitutions.
2.7.4.1 Margarine. The margarine shall be Fleischmann's Original
stick margarine.
2.7.4.2 Coffee. The coffee shall be Folgers Classic Decaf.
2.7.5 Soil Preparation. Soils shall be prepared according to
section 5.5 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by
[[Page 65985]]
reference, see Sec. 430.3), with the following additional
specifications.
2.7.5.1 Milk. The nonfat dry milk shall be reconstituted before
mixing with the oatmeal and potatoes. It shall be reconstituted with
water by mixing \2/3\ cup of nonfat dry milk with 2 cups of water
until well mixed. The reconstituted milk may be stored for use over
the course of 1 day.
2.7.5.2 Instant mashed potatoes. The potato mixture shall be
applied within 30 minutes of preparation.
2.7.5.3 Ground beef. The 1-pound packages of ground beef shall
be stored frozen for no more than 6 months.
2.8 Testing requirements. Provisions in this appendix pertaining
to dishwashers that operate with a nominal inlet temperature of 50
[deg]F or 120 [deg]F apply only to water-heating dishwashers as
defined in section 1.26 of this appendix.
2.9 Preconditioning requirements. Precondition the dishwasher
twice by establishing the testing conditions set forth in sections
2.1 through 2.5 of this appendix. For each preconditioning, set the
dishwasher to the preconditioning cycle as defined in section 1.15
of this appendix, without using a test load, and initiate the cycle.
During the second preconditioning, measure the prewash fill water
volume, Vpw, if any, and the main wash fill water volume,
Vmw.
2.10 Detergent. Use half the quantity of detergent specified
according to section 4.1 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by
reference, see Sec. 430.3), using Cascade with the Grease Fighting
Power of Dawn powder as the detergent formulation. Determine the
amount of detergent (in grams) to be added to the prewash
compartment (if provided) or elsewhere in the dishwasher (if
recommended by the manufacturer) and the main wash compartment
according to sections 2.10.1 and 2.10.2 of this appendix.
2.10.1 Prewash Detergent Dosing. If the cycle setting for the
test cycle includes prewash, determine the quantity of dry prewash
detergent, Dpw, in grams (g) that results in 0.25 percent
concentration by mass in the prewash fill water as:
Dpw = Vpw x [rho] x k x 0.25/100
where,
Vpw = the prewash fill volume of water in gallons,
[rho] = water density = 8.343 pounds (lb)/gallon for dishwashers to
be tested at a nominal inlet water temperature of 50 [deg]F (10
[deg]C), 8.250 lb/gallon for dishwashers to be tested at a nominal
inlet water temperature of 120 [deg]F (49 [deg]C), and 8.205 lb/
gallon for dishwashers to be tested at a nominal inlet water
temperature of 140 [deg]F (60 [deg]C), and
k = conversion factor from lb to g = 453.6 g/lb.
2.10.2 Main Wash Detergent Dosing. Determine the quantity of dry
main wash detergent, Dmw, in grams (g) that results in
0.25 percent concentration by mass in the main wash fill water as:
Dmw = Vmw x [rho] x k x 0.25/100
where,
Vmw = the main wash fill volume of water in gallons, and
[rho], and k are defined in section 2.10.1 of this appendix.
3. Instrumentation
Test instruments must be calibrated annually.
3.1 Temperature measuring device. The device must have an error
no greater than 1 [deg]F over the range being measured.
3.2 Timer. Time measurements for each monitoring period shall be
accurate to within 2 seconds.
3.3 Water meter. The water meter must have a resolution of no
larger than 0.1 gallons and a maximum error no greater than 1.5 percent of the measured flow rate for all water
temperatures encountered in the test cycle.
3.4 Water pressure gauge. The water pressure gauge must have a
resolution of one pound per square inch (psi) and must have an error
no greater than 5 percent of any measured value over the range of 35
2.5 psig.
3.5 Watt-hour meter. The watt-hour meter must have a resolution
of .1 watt-hour or less and a maximum error of no more than 1
percent of the measured value for any demand greater than 5 watts.
3.6 Standby mode and off mode watt meter. The watt meter used to
measure standby mode and off mode power consumption shall meet the
requirements specified in Section 4, Paragraph 4.4 of IEC 62301
(incorporated by reference, see Sec. 430.3).
4. Test Cycle and Measurements
4.1 Active mode cycle. Perform a test cycle by establishing the
testing conditions set forth in section 2 of this appendix, setting
the dishwasher to the cycle type to be tested according to section
2.6.1, 2.6.2, or 2.6.3 of this appendix, initiating the cycle, and
allowing the cycle to proceed to completion.
4.1.1 Machine electrical energy consumption. Measure the machine
electrical energy consumption, M, expressed as the number of
kilowatt-hours of electricity consumed by the machine during the
entire test cycle, using a water supply temperature as set forth in
section 2.3 of this appendix and using a watt-hour meter as
specified in section 3.5 of this appendix.
4.1.2 Fan electrical energy consumption. If the dishwasher is
capable of operation in fan-only mode, measure the fan electrical
energy consumption, MF, expressed as the number of
kilowatt-hours of electricity consumed by the machine for the
duration of fan-only mode, using a watt-hour meter as specified in
section 3.5 of this appendix. Alternatively, if the duration of fan-
only mode is known, the watt-hours consumed may be measured for a
period of 10 minutes in fan-only mode, using a watt-hour meter as
specified in section 3.5 of this appendix. Multiply this value by
the time in minutes that the dishwasher remains in fan-only mode,
LF, and divide by 10,000 to obtain MF. The
alternative approach may be used only if the resulting MF
is representative of energy use during the entire fan-only mode.
4.1.3 Water consumption. Measure the water consumption, V,
expressed as the number of gallons of water delivered to the machine
during the entire test cycle, using a water meter specified in
section 3.3 of this appendix.
4.2 Standby mode and off mode power. Connect the dishwasher to a
standby mode and off mode watt meter as specified in section 3.6 of
this appendix. Establish the testing conditions set forth in
sections 2.1, 2.2, and 2.5.2 of this appendix. For dishwashers that
take some time to enter a stable state from a higher power state as
discussed in Section 5, Paragraph 5.1, note 1 of IEC 62301
(incorporated by reference; see Sec. 430.3), allow sufficient time
for the dishwasher to reach the lower power state before proceeding
with the test measurement. Follow the test procedure specified in
Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC 62301 for testing in each possible
mode as described in sections 4.2.1 and 4.2.2 of this appendix.
4.2.1 If the dishwasher has an inactive mode, as defined in
section 1.10 of this appendix, measure and record the average
inactive mode power of the dishwasher, PIA, in watts.
4.2.2 If the dishwasher has an off mode, as defined in section
1.13 of this appendix, measure and record the average off mode
power, POM, in watts.
5. Calculation of Derived Results From Test Measurements
5.1 Machine energy consumption.
5.1.1 Machine energy consumption for non-soil-sensing electric
dishwashers. Take the value recorded in section 4.1.1 of this
appendix as the per-cycle machine electrical energy consumption.
Express the value, M, in kilowatt-hours per cycle.
5.1.2 Machine energy consumption for soil-sensing electric
dishwashers. The machine energy consumption for the sensor normal
cycle, M, is defined as:
M = (Mhr x Fhr) + (Mmr x
Fmr) + (Mlr x Flr)
where,
Mhr = the value recorded in section 4.1.1 of this
appendix for the test of the sensor heavy response, expressed in
kilowatt-hours per cycle,
Mmr = the value recorded in section 4.1.1 of this
appendix for the test of the sensor medium response, expressed in
kilowatt-hours per cycle,
Mlr = the value recorded in section 4.1.1 of this
appendix for the test of the sensor light response, expressed in
kilowatt-hours per cycle,
Fhr = the weighting factor based on consumer use of heavy
response = 0.05,
Fmr = the weighting factor based on consumer use of
medium response = 0.33, and
Flr = the weighting factor based on consumer use of light
response = 0.62.
5.1.3 Machine energy consumption during water softener
regeneration for water-softening dishwashers. The machine energy
consumption for water softener regeneration, MWS, is
defined as:
MWS = MWScycle x NWS/N
where,
MWScycle = the reported value of the additional machine
electrical energy consumption required for water softener
regeneration during a cycle including
[[Page 65986]]
water softener regeneration, expressed in kilowatt-hours,
NWS = the reported representative average number of water
softener regeneration cycles per year, and
N = the representative average dishwasher use of 215 cycles per
year.
5.2 Fan-only mode energy consumption.
5.2.1 Electrical energy consumption for fan-only mode for non-
soil-sensing electric dishwashers. Take the value recorded in
section 4.1.2 of this appendix as the per-cycle electrical energy
consumption for fan-only mode. Express the value, EF, in
kilowatt-hours per cycle. If the dishwasher is not capable of
operation in fan-only mode, EF = 0.
5.2.2 Electrical energy consumption for fan-only mode for soil-
sensing electric dishwashers. The fan-only mode electrical energy
consumption, EF, for the sensor normal cycle is defined
as:
EF = (EFhr + EFmr +
EFlr)/3
where,
EFhr = the value recorded in section 4.1.2 of this
appendix for the test of the sensor heavy response, expressed in
kilowatt-hours per cycle,
EFmr = the value recorded in section 4.1.2 of this
appendix for the test of the sensor medium response, expressed in
kilowatt-hours per cycle,
EFlr = the value recorded in section 4.1.2 of this
appendix for the test of the sensor light response, expressed in
kilowatt-hours per cycle,
If the dishwasher is not capable of operation in fan-only mode,
EF = 0.
5.3 Drying energy.
5.3.1 Drying energy consumption for non-soil-sensing electric
dishwashers. Calculate the amount of energy consumed using the
power-dry feature after the termination of the last rinse option of
the normal cycle. Express the value, ED, in kilowatt-
hours per cycle.
5.3.2 Drying energy consumption for soil-sensing electric
dishwashers. The drying energy consumption, ED, for the
sensor normal cycle is defined as:
ED = (EDhr + EDmr +
EDlr)/3
where,
EDhr = energy consumed using the power-dry feature after
the termination of the last rinse option of the sensor heavy
response, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle,
EDmr = energy consumed using the power-dry feature after
the termination of the last rinse option of the sensor medium
response, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle,
EDlr = energy consumed using the power-dry feature after
the termination of the last rinse option of the sensor light
response, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle,
5.4 Water consumption.
5.4.1 Water consumption for non-soil-sensing electric
dishwashers using electrically heated, gas-heated, or oil-heated
water. Take the value recorded in section 4.1.3 of this appendix as
the per-cycle water consumption. Express the value, V, in gallons
per cycle.
5.4.2 Water consumption for soil-sensing electric dishwashers
using electrically heated, gas-heated, or oil-heated water. The
water consumption for the sensor normal cycle, V, is defined as:
V = (Vhr x Fhr) + (Vmr x
Fmr) + (Vlr x Flr)
where,
Vhr = the value recorded in section 4.1.3 of this
appendix for the test of the sensor heavy response, expressed in
gallons per cycle,
Vmr = the value recorded in section 4.1.3 of this
appendix for the test of the sensor medium response, expressed in
gallons per cycle,
Vlr = the value recorded in section 4.1.3 of this
appendix for the test of the sensor light response, expressed in
gallons per cycle,
Fhr = the weighting factor based on consumer use of heavy
response = 0.05,
Fmr = the weighting factor based on consumer use of
medium response = 0.33, and
Flr = the weighting factor based on consumer use of light
response = 0.62.
5.4.3 Water consumption during water softener regeneration for
water-softening dishwashers using electrically heated, gas-heated,
or oil-heated water. The water consumption for water softener
regeneration, VWS, is defined as:
VWS = VWScycle x NWS/N
where,
VWScycle = the reported value of the additional water
consumption required for water softener regeneration during a cycle
including water softener regeneration, expressed in gallons per
cycle,
NWS = the reported representative average number of water
softener regeneration cycles per year, and
N = the representative average dishwasher use of 215 cycles per
year.
5.5 Water energy consumption for non-soil-sensing or soil-
sensing dishwashers using electrically heated water.
5.5.1 Dishwashers that operate with a nominal 140[emsp14][deg]F
inlet water temperature, only.
5.5.1.1 Calculate the water energy consumption, W, expressed in
kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as:
W = V x T x K
where,
V = water consumption in gallons per cycle, as determined in section
5.4.1 of this appendix for non-soil-sensing dishwashers and section
5.4.2 of this appendix for soil-sensing dishwashers,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 90[emsp14][deg]F, and
K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours per gallon per degree
Fahrenheit = 0.0024.
5.5.1.2 For water-softening dishwashers, calculate the water
softener regeneration water energy consumption, WWS,
expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as:
WWS = VWS x T x K
where,
VWS = water consumption during water softener
regeneration in gallons per cycle which includes regeneration, as
determined in section 5.4.3 of this appendix,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 90[emsp14][deg]F, and
K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours per gallon per degree
Fahrenheit = 0.0024.
5.5.2 Dishwashers that operate with a nominal inlet water
temperature of 120[emsp14][deg]F.
5.5.2.1 Calculate the water energy consumption, W, expressed in
kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as:
W = V x T x K
where,
V = water consumption in gallons per cycle, as determined in section
5.4.1 of this appendix for non-soil-sensing dishwashers and section
5.4.2 of this appendix for soil-sensing dishwashers,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 70[emsp14][deg]F, and
K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours per gallon per degree
Fahrenheit = 0.0024,
5.5.2.2 For water-softening dishwashers, calculate the water
softener regeneration water energy consumption, WWS,
expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as:
WWS = VWS x T x K
where,
VWS = water consumption during water softener
regeneration in gallons per cycle which includes regeneration, as
determined in section 5.4.3 of this appendix,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 70[emsp14][deg]F, and
K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours per gallon per degree
Fahrenheit = 0.0024.
5.6 Water energy consumption per cycle using gas-heated or oil-
heated water.
5.6.1 Dishwashers that operate with a nominal 140[emsp14][deg]F
inlet water temperature, only.
5.6.1.1 Calculate the water energy consumption using gas-heated
or oil-heated water, Wg, expressed in Btu's per cycle and
defined as:
Wg= V x T x C/e
where,
V = water consumption in gallons per cycle, as determined in section
5.4.1 of this appendix for non-soil-sensing dishwashers and section
5.4.2 of this appendix for soil-sensing dishwashers,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 90[emsp14][deg]F,
C = specific heat of water in Btu's per gallon per degree Fahrenheit
= 8.2, and
e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery efficiency = 0.75,
5.6.1.2 For water-softening dishwashers, calculate the water
softener regeneration water energy consumption, WWSg,
expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as:
WWSg = VWS x T x C/e
where,
VWS = water consumption during water softener
regeneration in gallons per cycle which includes regeneration, as
determined in section 5.4.3 of this appendix,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 90[emsp14][deg]F,
C = specific heat of water in Btu's per gallon per degree Fahrenheit
= 8.2, and
[[Page 65987]]
e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery efficiency = 0.75.
5.6.2 Dishwashers that operate with a nominal 120[emsp14][deg]F
inlet water temperature, only.
5.6.2.1 Calculate the water energy consumption using gas-heated
or oil-heated water, Wg, expressed in Btu's per cycle and
defined as:
Wg = V x T x C/e
where,
V = water consumption in gallons per cycle, as determined in section
5.4.1 of this appendix for non-soil-sensing dishwashers and section
5.4.2 of this appendix for soil-sensing dishwashers,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 70[emsp14][deg]F,
C = specific heat of water in Btu's per gallon per degree Fahrenheit
= 8.2, and
e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery efficiency = 0.75.
5.6.2.2 For water-softening dishwashers, calculate the water
softener regeneration water energy consumption, WWSg,
expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as:
WWSg = VWS x T x C/e
where,
VWS = water consumption during water softener
regeneration in gallons per cycle which includes regeneration, as
determined in section 5.4.3 of this appendix,
T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 70[emsp14][deg]F,
C = specific heat of water in Btu's per gallon per degree Fahrenheit
= 8.2, and
e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery efficiency = 0.75.
5.7 Annual combined low-power mode energy consumption. Calculate
the annual combined low-power mode energy consumption for
dishwashers, ETLP, expressed in kilowatt-hours per year,
according to the following:
ETLP = [(PIA x SIA) +
(POM x SOM)] x K
where:
PIA = dishwasher inactive mode power, in watts, as
measured in section 4.2.1 of this appendix for dishwashers capable
of operating in inactive mode; otherwise, PIA = 0,
POM = dishwasher off mode power, in watts, as measured in
section 4.2.2 of this appendix for dishwashers capable of operating
in off mode; otherwise, POM = 0,
SIA = annual hours in inactive mode as defined as
SLP if no off mode is possible, [SLP/2] if
both inactive mode and off mode are possible, and 0 if no inactive
mode is possible,
SOM = annual hours in off mode as defined as
SLP if no inactive mode is possible, [SLP/2]
if both inactive mode and off mode are possible, and 0 if no off
mode is possible,
SLP = combined low-power annual hours for all available
modes other than active mode as defined as [H - (N x (L +
LF))] for dishwashers capable of operating in fan-only
mode; otherwise, SLP = 8,465,
H = the total number of hours per year = 8766 hours per year,
N = the representative average dishwasher use of 215 cycles per
year,
L = the average of the duration of the normal cycle and truncated
normal cycle, for non-soil-sensing dishwashers with a truncated
normal cycle; the duration of the normal cycle, for non-soil-sensing
dishwashers without a truncated normal cycle; the average duration
of the sensor light response, truncated sensor light response,
sensor medium response, truncated sensor medium response, sensor
heavy response, and truncated sensor heavy response, for soil-
sensing dishwashers with a truncated cycle option; the average
duration of the sensor light response, sensor medium response, and
sensor heavy response, for soil-sensing dishwashers without a
truncated cycle option,
LF = the duration of the fan-only mode for the normal
cycle for non-soil-sensing dishwashers; the average duration of the
fan-only mode for sensor light response, sensor medium response, and
sensor heavy response for soil-sensing dishwashers, and
K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.
0
11. Appendix I to subpart B of part 430 is amended by:
0
a. Revising the Note after the appendix heading;
0
b. Revising section 1. Definitions;
0
c. In section 2. Test Conditions, by:
0
1. Revising sections 2.1, 2.1.1, 2.1.2, 2.1.3, 2.2.1.2, 2.5.2, 2.6,
2.9.1.1, 2.9.1.3, and 2.9.2.1;
0
2. Removing section 2.9.2.2;
0
d. In section 3. Test Methods and Measurements, by:
0
1. Revising sections 3.1.1, 3.1.1.1, 3.1.1.2, 3.1.2, and 3.1.2.1;
0
2. Adding sections 3.1.1.2.1, 3.1.1.2.2, 3.1.2.1.1, and 3.1.2.1.2;
0
3. Redesignating sections 3.1.3 and 3.1.3.1 as 3.1.4 and 3.1.4.1 and
revising newly redesignated section 3.1.4.1;
0
4. Adding sections 3.1.3, 3.1.3.1, 3.1.3.2, and 3.1.3.3;
0
5. Revising sections 3.2.1, 3.2.1.1, 3.2.1.2, 3.2.1.3, and 3.2.1.4;
0
6. Revising section 3.2.2 and 3.2.2.1 and adding section 3.2.2.2;
0
7. Redesignating section 3.2.3 as 3.2.4 and revising newly redesignated
section 3.2.4;
0
8. Adding new section 3.2.3;
0
9. Revising sections 3.3.7 through 3.3.11; and
0
10. Removing sections 3.3.12 and 3.3.13;
0
e. In section 4. Calculation of Derived Results From Test Measurements,
by:
0
1. Revising sections 4.1.1 and 4.1.1.1;
0
2. Removing section 4.1.2.2;
0
3. Redesignating sections 4.1.2.3, 4.1.2.3.1, 4.1.2.3.2, 4.1.2.4,
4.2.1.5, 4.1.2.5.1, 4.1.2.5.2, 4.1.2.6, 4.1.2.6.1, and 4.1.2.6.2 as
4.1.2.2, 4.1.2.2.1, 4.1.2.2.2, 4.1.2.3, 4.1.2.4, 4.1.2.4.1, 4.1.2.4.3,
4.1.2.5, 4.1.2.5.1, and 4.1.2.5.3;
0
4. Revising newly redesignated sections 4.1.2.2.1, 4.1.2.2.2, 4.1.2.3,
4.1.2.4.1, 4.1.2.4.3, 4.1.2.5.1, and 4.1.2.5.3;
0
5. Adding sections 4.1.2.4.2 and 4.1.2.5.2;
0
6. Revising section 4.1.4;
0
7. Adding sections 4.1.4.1 and 4.1.4.2;
0
8. Revising sections 4.2.1.1 and 4.2.1.2;
0
9. Revising section 4.2.2.1;
0
10. Adding sections 4.2.2.1.1 and 4.2.2.1.2;
0
11. Revising section 4.2.2.2.2;
0
12. Removing section 4.2.2.2.3;
0
13. Revising section 4.2.3;
0
14. Adding sections 4.2.3.1 and 4.2.3.2; and
0
15. Revising section 4.3.
The additions and revisions read as follows:
Appendix I to Subpart B of Part 430--Uniform Test Method for Measuring
the Energy Consumption of Conventional Ranges, Conventional Cooking
Tops, Conventional Ovens, and Microwave Ovens
Note: The procedures and calculations in this Appendix I need
not be performed to determine compliance with energy conservation
standards for conventional ranges, conventional cooking tops,
conventional ovens, and microwave ovens at this time. However, any
representation made after April 29, 2013 related to standby mode and
off mode energy consumption of conventional ranges, conventional
cooking tops, and conventional ovens, and any representation made
after September 6, 2011 related to standby mode and off mode energy
consumption of microwave ovens, must be based upon results generated
under this test procedure, consistent with the requirements of 42
U.S.C. 6293(c)(2). Upon the compliance date of any energy
conservation standard that incorporates standby mode and off mode
energy consumption, compliance with the applicable provisions of
this test procedure will also be required. Future revisions may add
relevant provisions for measuring active mode in microwave ovens.
1. Definitions
1.1 Active mode means a mode in which the product is connected
to a mains power source, has been activated, and is performing the
main functions of producing heat by means of a gas flame, electric
resistance heating, or microwave energy, or circulating air
internally or externally to the cooking product. Delay start mode is
a one-off, user-initiated, short-duration function that is
associated with an active mode.
1.2 Built-in means the product is supported by surrounding
cabinetry, walls, or other similar structures.
1.3 Combined low-power mode means the aggregate of available
modes other than active mode, but including the delay start mode
portion of active mode.
1.4 Cycle finished mode means a standby mode in which a
conventional cooking top,
[[Page 65988]]
conventional oven, or conventional range provides continuous status
display following operation in active mode.
1.5 Drop-in means the product is supported by horizontal surface
cabinetry.
1.6 Fan-only mode means an active mode that is not user-
selectable and in which a fan circulates air internally or
externally to the cooking product for a finite period of time after
the end of the heating function, where the end of the heating
function is indicated to the consumer by means of a display,
indicator light, or audible signal.
1.7 Forced convection means a mode of conventional oven
operation in which a fan is used to circulate the heated air within
the oven compartment during cooking.
1.8 Freestanding means the product is not supported by
surrounding cabinetry, walls, or other similar structures.
1.9 IEC 62301 (First Edition) means the test standard published
by the International Electrotechnical Commission, titled ``Household
electrical appliances--Measurement of standby power,'' Publication
62301 (First Edition 2005-06) (incorporated by reference; see Sec.
430.3).
1.10 IEC 62301 (Second Edition) means the test standard
published by the International Electrotechnical Commission, titled
``Household electrical appliances--Measurement of standby power,''
Publication 62301 (Edition 2.0 2011-01) (incorporated by reference;
see Sec. 430.3).
1.11 Inactive mode means a standby mode that facilitates the
activation of active mode by remote switch (including remote
control), internal sensor, or timer, or that provides continuous
status display.
1.12 Normal non-operating temperature means the temperature of
all areas of an appliance to be tested are within 5 [deg]F (2.8
[deg]C) of the temperature that the identical areas of the same
basic model of the appliance would attain if it remained in the test
room for 24 hours while not operating with all oven doors closed.
1.13 Off mode means a mode in which the product is connected to
a mains power source and is not providing any active mode or standby
mode function, and where the mode may persist for an indefinite
time. An indicator that only shows the user that the product is in
the off position is included within the classification of an off
mode.
1.14 Primary energy consumption means either the electrical
energy consumption of a conventional electric oven or the gas energy
consumption of a conventional gas oven.
1.15 Secondary energy consumption means any electrical energy
consumption of a conventional gas oven.
1.16 Standard cubic foot (L) of gas means that quantity of gas
that occupies 1 cubic foot (L) when saturated with water vapor at a
temperature of 60[emsp14][deg]F (15.6 [deg]C) and a pressure of 30
inches of mercury (101.6 kPa) (density of mercury equals 13.595
grams per cubic centimeter).
1.17 Standby mode means any modes where the product is connected
to a mains power source and offers one or more of the following
user-oriented or protective functions which may persist for an
indefinite time: (a) To facilitate the activation of other modes
(including activation or deactivation of active mode) by remote
switch (including remote control), internal sensor, or timer; (b)
continuous functions, including information or status displays
(including clocks) or sensor-based functions. A timer is a
continuous clock function (which may or may not be associated with a
display) that provides regular scheduled tasks (e.g., switching) and
that operates on a continuous basis.
1.18 Thermocouple means a device consisting of two dissimilar
metals which are joined together and, with their associated wires,
are used to measure temperature by means of electromotive force.
1.19 Symbol usage. The following identity relationships are
provided to help clarify the symbology used throughout this
procedure.
A--Number of Hours in a Year
C--Specific Heat
E--Energy Consumed
Eff--Cooking Efficiency
H--Heating Value of Gas
K--Conversion for Watt-hours to Kilowatt-hours
Ke--3.412 Btu/Wh, Conversion for Watt-hours to Btu's
M--Mass
n--Number of Units
O--Annual Useful Cooking Energy Output
P--Power
Q--Gas Flow Rate
R--Energy Factor, Ratio of Useful Cooking Energy Output to Total
Energy Input
S--Number of Self-Cleaning Operations per Year
T--Temperature
t--Time
V--Volume of Gas Consumed
W--Weight of Test Block
2. Test Conditions
2.1 Installation. A free standing kitchen range shall be
installed with the back directly against, or as near as possible to,
a vertical wall which extends at least 1 foot above and on either
side of the appliance. There shall be no side walls. A drop-in,
built-in, or wall-mounted appliance shall be installed in an
enclosure in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. These
appliances are to be completely assembled with all handles, knobs,
guards, and the like mounted in place. Any electric resistance
heaters, gas burners, baking racks, and baffles shall be in place in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions; however, broiler
pans are to be removed from the oven's baking compartment.
2.1.1 Conventional electric ranges, ovens, and cooking tops.
These products shall be connected to an electrical supply circuit
with voltage as specified in section 2.2.1 of this appendix with a
watt-hour meter installed in the circuit. The watt-hour meter shall
be as described in section 2.9.1.1 of this appendix. For standby
mode and off mode testing, these products shall also be installed in
accordance with Section 5, Paragraph 5.2 of IEC 62301 (Second
Edition) (incorporated by reference; see Sec. 430.3), disregarding
the provisions regarding batteries and the determination,
classification, and testing of relevant modes.
2.1.2 Conventional gas ranges, ovens, and cooking tops. These
products shall be connected to a gas supply line with a gas meter
installed between the supply line and the appliance being tested,
according to manufacturer's specifications. The gas meter shall be
as described in section 2.9.2 of this appendix. Conventional gas
ranges, ovens, and cooking tops with electrical ignition devices or
other electrical components shall be connected to an electrical
supply circuit of nameplate voltage with a watt-hour meter installed
in the circuit. The watt-hour meter shall be as described in section
2.9.1.1 of this appendix. For standby mode and off mode testing,
these products shall also be installed in accordance with Section 5,
Paragraph 5.2 of IEC 62301 (Second Edition) (incorporated by
reference; see Sec. 430.3), disregarding the provisions regarding
batteries and the determination, classification, and testing of
relevant modes.
2.1.3 Microwave ovens. Install the microwave oven in accordance
with the manufacturer's instructions and connect to an electrical
supply circuit with voltage as specified in section 2.2.1 of this
appendix. The microwave oven shall also be installed in accordance
with Section 5, Paragraph 5.2 of IEC 62301 (First Edition)
(incorporated by reference; see Sec. 430.3). A watt meter shall be
installed in the circuit and shall be as described in section
2.9.1.3 of this appendix.
* * * * *
2.2.1.2 Supply voltage waveform. For conventional range,
conventional cooking top, and conventional oven standby mode and off
mode testing, maintain the electrical supply voltage waveform
indicated in Section 4, Paragraph 4.3.2 of IEC 62301 (Second
Edition) (incorporated by reference; see Sec. 430.3). For microwave
oven standby mode and off mode testing, maintain the electrical
supply voltage waveform indicated in Section 4, Paragraph 4.4 of IEC
62301 (First Edition) (incorporated by reference; see Sec. 430.3).
* * * * *
2.5.2 Standby mode and off mode ambient temperature. For
conventional range, conventional cooking top, and conventional oven
standby mode and off mode testing, maintain room ambient air
temperature conditions as specified in Section 4, Paragraph 4.2 of
IEC 62301 (Second Edition) (incorporated by reference; see Sec.
430.3). For microwave oven standby mode and off mode testing,
maintain room ambient air temperature conditions as specified in
Section 4, Paragraph 4.2 of IEC 62301 (First Edition) (incorporated
by reference; see Sec. 430.3).
2.6 Normal non-operating temperature. All areas of the appliance
to be tested shall attain the normal non-operating temperature, as
defined in section 1.12 of this appendix, before any testing begins.
The equipment for measuring the applicable normal non-operating
temperature shall be as described in sections 2.9.3.1, 2.9.3.2,
2.9.3.3, and 2.9.3.4 of this appendix, as applicable.
* * * * *
2.9.1.1 Watt-hour meter. The watt-hour meter for measuring the
electrical energy consumption of conventional ovens and cooking tops
shall have a resolution of 1 watt-hour (3.6 kJ) or less and a
maximum
[[Page 65989]]
error no greater than 1.5 percent of the measured value for any
demand greater than 5 watts. The watt-hour meter for measuring the
energy consumption of microwave ovens shall have a resolution of 0.1
watt-hour (0.36 kJ) or less and a maximum error no greater than 1.5
percent of the measured value.
* * * * *
2.9.1.3 Standby mode and off mode watt meter. The watt meter
used to measure conventional range, conventional cooking top, and
conventional oven standby mode and off mode power consumption shall
have a resolution as specified in Section 4, Paragraph 4.4 of IEC
62301 (Second Edition) (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 430.3).
The watt meter used to measure microwave oven standby mode and off
mode power consumption shall have a resolution as specified in
Section 4, Paragraph 4.5 of IEC 62301 (First Edition) (incorporated
by reference, see Sec. 430.3), and shall also be able to record a
``true'' average power as specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2(a)
of IEC 62301 (First Edition).
2.9.2 Gas Measurements.
2.9.2.1 Positive displacement meters. The gas meter to be used
for measuring the gas consumed by the gas burners of the oven or
cooking top shall have a resolution of 0.01 cubic foot (0.28 L) or
less and a maximum error no greater than 1 percent of the measured
valued for any demand greater than 2.2 cubic feet per hour (62.3 L/
h).
3. Test Methods and Measurements
* * * * *
3.1.1 Conventional oven. Perform a test by establishing the
testing conditions set forth in section 2, Test Conditions, of this
appendix and turn off the gas flow to the conventional cooking top,
if so equipped. Before beginning the test, the conventional oven
shall be at its normal non-operating temperature as defined in
section 1.12 and described in section 2.6 of this appendix. Set the
conventional oven test block W1 approximately in the
center of the usable baking space. If there is a selector switch for
selecting the mode of operation of the oven, set it for normal
baking. If an oven permits baking by either forced convection by
using a fan, or without forced convection, the oven is to be tested
in each of those two modes. The oven shall remain on for one
complete thermostat ``cut-off/cut-on'' of the electrical resistance
heaters or gas burners after the test block temperature has
increased 234[emsp14][deg]F (130 [deg]C) above its initial
temperature.
3.1.1.1 Self-cleaning operation of a conventional oven.
Establish the test conditions set forth in section 2, Test
Conditions, of this appendix. Turn off the gas flow to the
conventional cooking top. The temperature of the conventional oven
shall be its normal non-operating temperature as defined in section
1.12 and described in section 2.6 of this appendix. Then set the
conventional oven's self-cleaning process in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions. If the self-cleaning process is
adjustable, use the average time recommended by the manufacturer for
a moderately soiled oven.
3.1.1.2 Conventional oven standby mode and off mode power.
Establish the standby mode and off mode testing conditions set forth
in section 2, Test Conditions, of this appendix. For conventional
ovens that take some time to enter a stable state from a higher
power state as discussed in Section 5, Paragraph 5.1, Note 1 of IEC
62301 (Second Edition) (incorporated by reference; see Sec. 430.3),
allow sufficient time for the conventional oven to reach the lower
power state before proceeding with the test measurement. Follow the
test procedure as specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC
62301 (Second Edition) for testing in each possible mode as
described in 3.1.1.2.1 and 3.1.1.2.2 of this appendix. For units in
which power varies as a function of displayed time in standby mode,
set the clock time to 3:23 at the end of the stabilization period
specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3 of IEC 62301 (First Edition),
and use the average power approach described in Section 5, Paragraph
5.3.2(a) of IEC 62301 (First Edition), but with a single test period
of 10 minutes +0/-2 sec after an additional stabilization period
until the clock time reaches 3:33.
3.1.1.2.1 If the conventional oven has an inactive mode, as
defined in section 1.11 of this appendix, measure and record the
average inactive mode power of the conventional oven,
PIA, in watts.
3.1.1.2.2 If the conventional oven has an off mode, as defined
in section 1.13 of this appendix, measure and record the average off
mode power of the conventional oven, POM, in watts.
3.1.2 Conventional cooking top. Establish the test conditions
set forth in section 2, Test Conditions, of this appendix. Turn off
the gas flow to the conventional oven(s), if so equipped. The
temperature of the conventional cooking top shall be its normal
nonoperating temperature as defined in section 1.12 and described in
section 2.6 of this appendix. Set the test block in the center of
the surface unit under test. The small test block, W2,
shall be used on electric surface units of 7 inches (178 mm) or less
in diameter. The large test block, W3, shall be used on
electric surface units over 7 inches (178 mm) in diameter and on all
gas surface units. Turn on the surface unit under test and set its
energy input rate to the maximum setting. When the test block
reaches 144[emsp14][deg]F (80 [deg]C) above its initial test block
temperature, immediately reduce the energy input rate to 255 percent of the maximum energy input rate. After 150.1 minutes at the reduced energy setting, turn off the
surface unit under test.
3.1.2.1 Conventional cooking top standby mode and off mode
power. Establish the standby mode and off mode testing conditions
set forth in section 2, Test Conditions, of this appendix. For
conventional cooktops that take some time to enter a stable state
from a higher power state as discussed in Section 5, Paragraph 5.1,
Note 1 of IEC 62301 (Second Edition) (incorporated by reference; see
Sec. 430.3), allow sufficient time for the conventional cooking top
to reach the lower power state before proceeding with the test
measurement. Follow the test procedure as specified in Section 5,
Paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC 62301 (Second Edition) for testing in each
possible mode as described in sections 3.1.2.1.1 and 3.1.2.1.2 of
this appendix. For units in which power varies as a function of
displayed time in standby mode, set the clock time to 3:23 at the
end of the stabilization period specified in Section 5, Paragraph
5.3 of IEC 62301 (First Edition), and use the average power approach
described in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2(a) of IEC 62301 (First
Edition), but with a single test period of 10 minutes +0/-2 sec
after an additional stabilization period until the clock time
reaches 3:33.
3.1.2.1.1 If the conventional cooking top has an inactive mode,
as defined in section 1.11 of this appendix, measure and record the
average inactive mode power of the conventional cooking top,
PIA, in watts.
3.1.2.1.2 If the conventional cooking top has an off mode, as
defined in section 1.13 of this appendix, measure and record the
average off mode power of the conventional cooking top,
POM, in watts.
3.1.3 Conventional range standby mode and off mode power.
Establish the standby mode and off mode testing conditions set forth
in section 2, Test Conditions, of this appendix. For conventional
ranges that take some time to enter a stable state from a higher
power state as discussed in Section 5, Paragraph 5.1, Note 1 of IEC
62301 (Second Edition) (incorporated by reference; see Sec. 430.3),
allow sufficient time for the conventional range to reach the lower
power state before proceeding with the test measurement. Follow the
test procedure as specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC
62301 (Second Edition) for testing in each possible mode as
described in sections 3.1.3.1 and 3.1.3.2 of this appendix. For
units in which power varies as a function of displayed time in
standby mode, set the clock time to 3:23 at the end of the
stabilization period specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3 of IEC
62301 (First Edition), and use the average power approach described
in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2(a) of IEC 62301 (First Edition), but
with a single test period of 10 minutes +0/-2 sec after an
additional stabilization period until the clock time reaches 3:33.
3.1.3.1 If the conventional range has an inactive mode, as
defined in section 1.11 of this appendix, measure and record the
average inactive mode power of the conventional range,
PIA, in watts.
3.1.3.2 If the conventional range has an off mode, as defined in
section 1.13 of this appendix, measure and record the average off
mode power of the conventional range, POM, in watts.
3.1.4 Microwave oven.
3.1.4.1 Microwave oven test standby mode and off mode power.
Establish the testing conditions set forth in section 2, Test
Conditions, of this appendix. For microwave ovens that drop from a
higher power state to a lower power state as discussed in Section 5,
Paragraph 5.1, Note 1 of IEC 62301 (First Edition) (incorporated by
reference; see Sec. 430.3), allow sufficient time for the microwave
oven to reach the lower power state before proceeding with the test
measurement. Follow the test procedure as specified in Section 5,
Paragraph 5.3 of IEC 62301 (First Edition). For units in which
[[Page 65990]]
power varies as a function of displayed time in standby mode, set
the clock time to 3:23 and use the average power approach described
in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2(a), but with a single test period of
10 minutes +0/-2 sec after an additional stabilization period until
the clock time reaches 3:33. If a microwave oven is capable of
operation in either standby mode or off mode, as defined in sections
1.17 or 1.13 of this appendix, respectively, or both, test the
microwave oven in each mode in which it can operate.
* * * * *
3.2.1 Conventional oven test energy consumption. If the oven
thermostat controls the oven temperature without cycling on and off,
measure the energy consumed, EO, when the temperature of
the block reaches TO (TO is 234[emsp14][deg]F
(130 [deg]C) above the initial block temperature, TI). If
the oven thermostat operates by cycling on and off, make the
following series of measurements: Measure the block temperature,
TA, and the energy consumed, EA, or volume of
gas consumed, VA, at the end of the last ``ON'' period of
the conventional oven before the block reaches TO.
Measure the block temperature, TB, and the energy
consumed, EB, or volume of gas consumed, VB,
at the beginning of the next ``ON'' period. Measure the block
temperature, TC, and the energy consumed, EC,
or volume of gas consumed, VC, at the end of that ``ON''
period. Measure the block temperature, TD, and the energy
consumed, ED, or volume of gas consumed, VD,
at the beginning of the following ``ON'' period. Energy measurements
for EO, EA, EB, EC, and
ED should be expressed in watt-hours (kJ) for
conventional electric ovens, and volume measurements for
VA, VB, VC, and VD
should be expressed in standard cubic feet (L) of gas for
conventional gas ovens. For a gas oven, measure in watt-hours (kJ)
any electrical energy, EIO, consumed by an ignition
device or other electrical components required for the operation of
a conventional gas oven while heating the test block to
TO.
3.2.1.1 Conventional oven average test energy consumption. If
the conventional oven permits baking by either forced convection or
without forced convection and the oven thermostat does not cycle on
and off, measure the energy consumed with the forced convection
mode, (EO)1, and without the forced convection
mode, (EO)2, when the temperature of the block
reaches TO (TO is 234 [deg]F (130 [deg]C)
above the initial block temperature, TI). If the
conventional oven permits baking by either forced convection or
without forced convection and the oven thermostat operates by
cycling on and off, make the following series of measurements with
and without the forced convection mode: Measure the block
temperature, TA, and the energy consumed, EA,
or volume of gas consumed, VA, at the end of the last
``ON'' period of the conventional oven before the block reaches
TO. Measure the block temperature, TB, and the
energy consumed, EB, or volume of gas consumed,
VB, at the beginning of the next ``ON'' period. Measure
the block temperature, TC, and the energy consumed,
EC, or volume of gas consumed, VC, at the end
of that ``ON'' period. Measure the block temperature, TD,
and the energy consumed, ED, or volume of gas consumed,
VD, at the beginning of the following ``ON'' period.
Energy measurements for EO, EA, EB,
EC, and ED should be expressed in watt-hours
(kJ) for conventional electric ovens, and volume measurements for
VA, VB, VC, and VD
should be expressed in standard cubic feet (L) of gas for
conventional gas ovens. For a gas oven that can be operated with or
without forced convection, measure in watt-hours (kJ) any electrical
energy consumed by an ignition device or other electrical components
required for the operation of a conventional gas oven while heating
the test block to TO using the forced convection mode,
(EIO)1, and without using the forced
convection mode, (EIO)2.
3.2.1.2 Conventional oven fan-only mode energy consumption. If
the conventional oven is capable of operation in fan-only mode,
measure the fan-only mode energy consumption, EOF,
expressed in kilowatt-hours (kJ) of electricity consumed by the
conventional oven for the duration of fan-only mode, using a watt-
hour meter as specified in section 2.9.1.1 of this appendix.
Alternatively, if the duration of fan-only mode is known, the watt-
hours consumed may be measured for a period of 10 minutes in fan-
only mode, using a watt-hour meter as specified in section 2.9.1.1
of this appendix. Multiply this value by the time in minutes that
the conventional oven remains in fan-only mode, tOF, and
divide by 10,000 to obtain EOF. The alternative approach
may be used only if the resulting EOF is representative
of energy use during the entire fan-only mode.
3.2.1.3 Energy consumption of self-cleaning operation. Measure
the energy consumption, ES, in watt-hours (kJ) of
electricity or the volume of gas consumption, VS, in
standard cubic feet (L) during the self-cleaning test set forth in
section 3.1.1.1 of this appendix. For a gas oven, also measure in
watt-hours (kJ) any electrical energy, EIS, consumed by
ignition devices or other electrical components required during the
self-cleaning test.
3.2.1.4 Standby mode and off mode energy consumption. Make
measurements as specified in section 3.1.1.2 of this appendix. If
the conventional oven is capable of operating in inactive mode, as
defined in section 1.11 of this appendix, measure the average
inactive mode power of the conventional oven, PIA, in
watts as specified in section 3.1.1.2.1 of this appendix. If the
conventional oven is capable of operating in off mode, as defined in
section 1.13 of this appendix, measure the average off mode power of
the conventional oven, POM, in watts as specified in
section 3.1.1.2.2 of this appendix.
3.2.2 Conventional surface unit test energy consumption.
3.2.2.1 Conventional surface unit average test energy
consumption. For the surface unit under test, measure the energy
consumption, ECT, in watt-hours (kJ) of electricity or
the volume of gas consumption, VCT, in standard cubic
feet (L) of gas and the test block temperature, TCT, at
the end of the 15 minute (reduced input setting) test interval for
the test specified in section 3.1.2 of this appendix and the total
time, tCT, in hours, that the unit is under test. Measure
any electrical energy, EIC, consumed by an ignition
device of a gas heating element or other electrical components
required for the operation of the conventional gas cooking top in
watt-hours (kJ).
3.2.2.2 Conventional surface unit standby mode and off mode
energy consumption. Make measurements as specified in section
3.1.2.1 of this appendix. If the conventional surface unit is
capable of operating in inactive mode, as defined in section 1.11 of
this appendix, measure the average inactive mode power of the
conventional surface unit, PIA, in watts as specified in
section 3.1.2.1.1 of this appendix. If the conventional surface unit
is capable of operating in off mode, as defined in section 1.13 of
this appendix, measure the average off mode power of the
conventional surface unit, POM, in watts as specified in
section 3.1.2.1.2 of this appendix.
3.2.3 Conventional range standby mode and off mode energy
consumption. Make measurements as specified in section 3.1.3 of this
appendix. If the conventional range is capable of operating in
inactive mode, as defined in section 1.11 of this appendix, measure
the average inactive mode power of the conventional range,
PIA, in watts as specified in section 3.1.3.1 of this
appendix. If the conventional range is capable of operating in off
mode, as defined in section 1.13 of this appendix, measure the
average off mode power of the conventional range, POM, in
watts as specified in section 3.1.3.2 of this appendix.
3.2.4 Microwave oven test standby mode and off mode power. Make
measurements as specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3 of IEC 62301
(First Edition) (incorporated by reference; see Sec. 430.3). If the
microwave oven is capable of operating in standby mode, as defined
in section 1.17 of this appendix, measure the average standby mode
power of the microwave oven, PSB, in watts as specified
in section 3.1.4.1 of this appendix. If the microwave oven is
capable of operating in off mode, as defined in section 1.13 of this
appendix, measure the average off mode power of the microwave oven,
POM, as specified in section 3.1.4.1 of this appendix.
* * * * *
3.3.7 For conventional ovens, record the conventional oven
standby mode and off mode test measurements PIA and
POM, if applicable. For conventional cooktops, record the
conventional cooking top standby mode and off mode test measurements
PIA and POM, if applicable. For conventional
ranges, record the conventional range standby mode and off mode test
measurements PIA and POM, if applicable.
3.3.8 For the surface unit under test, record the electric
energy consumption, ECT, or the gas volume consumption,
VCT, the final test block temperature, TCT,
and the total test time, tCT. For a gas cooking top which
uses electrical energy for ignition of the burners, also record
EIC.
3.3.9 Record the heating value, Hn, as determined in section
2.2.2.2 of this appendix for the natural gas supply.
3.3.10 Record the heating value, Hp, as determined in section
2.2.2.3 of this appendix for the propane supply.
3.3.11 Record the average standby mode power, PSB,
for the microwave oven standby
[[Page 65991]]
mode, as determined in section 3.2.4 of this appendix for a
microwave oven capable of operating in standby mode. Record the
average off mode power, POM, for the microwave oven off
mode power test, as determined in section 3.2.4 of this appendix for
a microwave oven capable of operating in off mode.
4. Calculation of Derived Results From Test Measurements
* * * * *
4.1.1 Test energy consumption. For a conventional oven with a
thermostat which operates by cycling on and off, calculate the test
energy consumption, EO, expressed in watt-hours (kJ) for
electric ovens and in Btus (kJ) for gas ovens, and defined as:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.000
for electric ovens, and,
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.001
for gas ovens,
Where:
H = either Hn or Hp, the heating value of the
gas used in the test as specified in section 2.2.2.2 and section
2.2.2.3 of this appendix, expressed in Btus per standard cubic foot
(kJ/L).
TO = 234 [deg]F (130 [deg]C) plus the initial test block
temperature.
and,
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.002
Where:
TA = block temperature in [deg]F ([deg]C) at the end of
the last ``ON'' period of the conventional oven before the test
block reaches TO.
TB = block temperature in [deg]F ([deg]C) at the
beginning of the ``ON'' period following the measurement of
TA.
TC = block temperature in [deg]F ([deg]C) at the end of
the ``ON'' period which starts with TB.
TD = block temperature in [deg]F ([deg]C) at the
beginning of the ``ON'' period which follows the measurement of
TC.
EA = electric energy consumed in Wh (kJ) at the end of
the last ``ON'' period before the test block reaches TO.
EB = electric energy consumed in Wh (kJ) at the beginning
of the ``ON'' period following the measurement of TA.
EC = electric energy consumed in Wh (kJ) at the end of
the ``ON'' period which starts with TB.
ED = electric energy consumed in Wh (kJ) at the beginning
of the ``ON'' period which follows the measurement of TC.
VA = volume of gas consumed in standard cubic feet (L) at
the end of the last ``ON'' period before the test block reaches
TO.
VB = volume of gas consumed in standard cubic feet (L) at
the beginning of the ``ON'' period following the measurement of
TA.
VC = volume of gas consumed in standard cubic feet (L) at
the end of the ``ON'' period which starts with TB.
VD = volume of gas consumed in standard cubic feet (L) at
the beginning of the ``ON'' period which follows the measurement of
TC.
4.1.1.1 Average test energy consumption. If the conventional
oven can be operated with or without forced convection, determine
the average test energy consumption, EO and
EIO, in watt-hours (kJ) for electric ovens and Btus (kJ)
for gas ovens using the following equations:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.003
Where:
(EO)1 = test energy consumption using the
forced convection mode in watt-hours (kJ) for electric ovens and in
Btus (kJ) for gas ovens as measured in section 3.2.1.1 of this
appendix.
(EO)2 = test energy consumption without using
the forced convection mode in watt-hours (kJ) for electric ovens and
in
[[Page 65992]]
Btus (kJ) for gas ovens as measured in section 3.2.1.1 of this
appendix.
(EIO)1 = electrical energy consumption in
watt-hours (kJ) of a gas oven in forced convection mode as measured
in section 3.2.1.1 of this appendix.
(EIO)2 = electrical energy consumption in
watt-hours (kJ) of a gas oven without using the forced convection
mode as measured in section 3.2.1.1 of this appendix.
* * * * *
4.1.2.2.1 Annual primary energy consumption. Calculate the
annual primary energy consumption for conventional oven self-
cleaning operations, ESC, expressed in kilowatt-hours
(kJ) per year for electric ovens and in Btus (kJ) for gas ovens, and
defined as: ESC = ES x Se x K, for
electric ovens,
Where:
ES = energy consumption in watt-hours, as measured in
section 3.2.1.3 of this appendix.
Se = 4, average number of times a self-cleaning operation
of a conventional electric oven is used per year.
K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.
or
ESC = VS x H x Sg, for gas ovens,
Where:
VS = gas consumption in standard cubic feet (L), as
measured in section 3.2.1.3 of this appendix.
H = Hn or Hp, the heating value of the gas
used in the test as specified in sections 2.2.2.2 and 2.2.2.3 of
this appendix in Btus per standard cubic foot (kJ/L).
Sg = 4, average number of times a self-cleaning operation
of a conventional gas oven is used per year.
4.1.2.2.2 Annual secondary energy consumption for self-cleaning
operation of gas ovens. Calculate the annual secondary energy
consumption for self-cleaning operations of a gas oven,
ESS, expressed in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and
defined as:
ESS = EIS x Sg x K,
Where:
EIS = electrical energy consumed during the self-cleaning
operation of a conventional gas oven, as measured in section 3.2.1.3
of this appendix.
Sg = 4, average number of times a self-cleaning operation
of a conventional gas oven is used per year.
K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.
4.1.2.3 Annual combined low-power mode energy consumption of a
single conventional oven. Calculate the annual standby mode and off
mode energy consumption for conventional ovens, EOTLP,
expressed in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and defined as:
EOTLP = [(PIA x SIA) +
(POM x SOM)] x K,
Where:
PIA = conventional oven inactive mode power, in watts, as
measured in section 3.2.1.4 of this appendix.
POM = conventional oven off mode power, in watts, as
measured in section 3.2.1.4 of this appendix.
STOT equals the total number of inactive mode and off
mode hours per year;
If the conventional oven has fan-only mode, STOT equals
(8,540.1 - (tOF/60)) hours, where tOF is the
conventional oven fan-only mode duration, in minutes, as measured in
section 3.2.1.2 of this appendix, and 60 is the conversion factor
for minutes to hours; otherwise, STOT is equal to 8,540.1
hours.
If the conventional oven has both inactive mode and off mode,
SIA and SOM both equal STOT/2;
If the conventional oven has an inactive mode but no off mode, the
inactive mode annual hours, SIA, is equal to
STOT and the off mode annual hours, SOM, is
equal to 0;
If the conventional oven has an off mode but no inactive mode,
SIA is equal to 0 and SOM is equal to
STOT;
K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.
* * * * *
4.1.2.4.1 Conventional electric oven energy consumption.
Calculate the total annual energy consumption of a conventional
electric oven, EAO, expressed in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per
year and defined as:
EAO = ECO + ESC,
Where:
ECO = annual primary cooking energy consumption as
determined in section 4.1.2.1.1 of this appendix.
ESC = annual primary self-cleaning energy consumption as
determined in section 4.1.2.2.1 of this appendix.
4.1.2.4.2 Conventional electric oven integrated energy
consumption. Calculate the total integrated annual electrical energy
consumption of a conventional electric oven, IEAO,
expressed in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and defined as:
IEAO = ECO + ESC +
EOTLP, + (EOF x NOE),
Where:
ECO = annual primary cooking energy consumption as
determined in section 4.1.2.1.1 of this appendix.
ESC = annual primary self-cleaning energy consumption as
determined in section 4.1.2.2.1 of this appendix.
EOTLP = annual combined low-power mode energy consumption
as determined in section 4.1.2.3 of this appendix.
EOF = fan-only mode energy consumption as measured in
section 3.2.1.2 of this appendix.
NOE = representative number of annual conventional
electric oven cooking cycles per year, which is equal to 219 cycles
for a conventional electric oven without self-clean capability and
204 cycles for a conventional electric oven with self-clean
capability.
4.1.2.4.3 Conventional gas oven energy consumption. Calculate
the total annual gas energy consumption of a conventional gas oven,
EAOG, expressed in Btus (kJ) per year and defined as:
EAOG = ECO + ESC,
Where:
ECO = annual primary cooking energy consumption as
determined in section 4.1.2.1.1 of this appendix.
ESC = annual primary self-cleaning energy consumption as
determined in section 4.1.2.2.1 of this appendix.
If the conventional gas oven uses electrical energy, calculate
the total annual electrical energy consumption, EAOE,
expressed in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and defined as:
EAOE = ESO + ESS,
Where:
ESO = annual secondary cooking energy consumption as
determined in section 4.1.2.1.2 of this appendix.
ESS = annual secondary self-cleaning energy consumption
as determined in section 4.1.2.2.2 of this appendix.
If the conventional gas oven uses electrical energy, also
calculate the total integrated annual electrical energy consumption,
IEAOE, expressed in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and
defined as:
IEAOE = ESO + ESS+ EOTLP
+ (EOF x NOG),
Where:
ESO = annual secondary cooking energy consumption as
determined in section 4.1.2.1.2 of this appendix.
ESS = annual secondary self-cleaning energy
consumption as determined in section 4.1.2.2.2 of this appendix.
EOTLP = annual combined low-power mode energy
consumption as determined in section 4.1.2.3 of this appendix.
EOF = fan-only mode energy consumption as measured in
section 3.2.1.2 of this appendix.
NOG = representative number of annual conventional
gas oven cooking cycles per year, which is equal to 183 cycles for a
conventional gas oven without self-clean capability and 197 cycles
for a conventional gas oven with self-clean capability.
* * * * *
4.1.2.5.1 Conventional electric oven energy consumption.
Calculate the total annual energy consumption, ETO, in
kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and defined as:
ETO = EACO + EASC,
Where:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.004
is the average annual primary energy consumption for cooking, and
where:
n = number of conventional ovens in the basic model.
ECO = annual primary energy consumption for cooking as
determined in section 4.1.2.1.1 of this appendix.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.005
average annual self-cleaning energy consumption,
Where:
n = number of self-cleaning conventional ovens in the basic model.
ESC = annual primary self-cleaning energy consumption as
determined according to section 4.1.2.2.1 of this appendix.
[[Page 65993]]
4.1.2.5.2 Conventional electric oven integrated energy
consumption. Calculate the total integrated annual energy
consumption, IETO, in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and
defined as:
IETO = EACO + EASC +
EOTLP + (EOF x NOE),
Where:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.006
is the average annual primary energy consumption for cooking, and
where:
n = number of conventional ovens in the basic model.
ECO = annual primary energy consumption for cooking as
determined in section 4.1.2.1.1 of this appendix.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.007
average annual self-cleaning energy consumption,
Where:
n = number of self-cleaning conventional ovens in the basic model.
ESC = annual primary self-cleaning energy consumption as
determined according to section 4.1.2.2.1 of this appendix.
EOTLP = annual combined low-power mode energy consumption
for the cooking appliance as determined in section 4.1.2.3 of this
appendix.
EOF = fan-only mode energy consumption as measured in
section 3.2.1.2 of this appendix.
NOE = representative number of annual conventional
electric oven cooking cycles per year, which is equal to 219 cycles
for a conventional electric oven without self-clean capability and
204 cycles for a conventional electric oven with self-clean
capability.
4.1.2.5.3 Conventional gas oven energy consumption. Calculate
the total annual gas energy consumption, ETOG, in Btus
(kJ) per year and defined as:
ETOG = EACO + EASC,
Where:
EACO = average annual primary energy consumption for
cooking in Btus (kJ) per year and is calculated as:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.008
Where:
n = number of conventional ovens in the basic model.
ECO = annual primary energy consumption for cooking as
determined in section 4.1.2.1.1 of this appendix.
and,
EASC = average annual self-cleaning energy consumption in
Btus (kJ) per year and is calculated as:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.009
Where:
n = number of self-cleaning conventional ovens in the basic model.
ESC = annual primary self-cleaning energy consumption as
determined according to section 4.1.2.2.1 of this appendix.
If the oven also uses electrical energy, calculate the total
annual electrical energy consumption, ETOE, in kilowatt-
hours (kJ) per year and defined as:
ETOE = EASO + EAAS,
Where:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.010
is the average annual secondary energy consumption for cooking,
Where:
n = number of conventional ovens in the basic model.
ESO = annual secondary energy consumption for cooking of
gas ovens as determined in section 4.1.2.1.2 of this appendix.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.011
is the average annual secondary self-cleaning energy consumption,
Where:
n = number of self-cleaning ovens in the basic model.
ESS = annual secondary self-cleaning energy consumption
of gas ovens as determined in section 4.1.2.2.2 of this appendix.
If the oven also uses electrical energy, also calculate the
total integrated annual electrical energy consumption,
IETOE, in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and defined as:
IETOE = EASO + EAAS +
EOTLP + (EOF x NOG),
Where:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.012
is the average annual secondary energy consumption for cooking,
Where:
n = number of conventional ovens in the basic model.
ESO= annual secondary energy consumption for cooking of
gas ovens as determined in section 4.1.2.1.2 of this appendix.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.013
is the average annual secondary self-cleaning energy consumption,
Where:
n = number of self-cleaning ovens in the basic model.
ESS = annual secondary self-cleaning energy consumption
of gas ovens as determined in section 4.1.2.2.2 of this appendix.
EOTLP = annual combined low-power mode energy consumption
as determined in section 4.1.2.3 of this appendix.
EOF= fan-only mode energy consumption as measured in
section 3.2.1.2 of this appendix.
NOG = representative number of annual conventional gas
oven cooking cycles per year, which is equal to 183 cycles for a
conventional gas oven without self-clean capability and 197 cycles
for a conventional gas oven with self-clean capability.
* * * * *
4.1.4 Conventional oven energy factor and integrated energy
factor.
4.1.4.1 Conventional oven energy factor. Calculate the energy
factor, or the ratio of useful cooking energy output to the total
energy input, RO, using the following equations:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.014
For electric ovens,
Where:
OO = 29.3 kWh (105,480 kJ) per year, annual useful
cooking energy output.
EAO = total annual energy consumption for electric ovens
as determined in section 4.1.2.4.1 of this appendix.
For gas ovens:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.015
Where:
OO = 88.8 kBtu (93,684 kJ) per year, annual useful
cooking energy output.
EAOG = total annual gas energy consumption for
conventional gas ovens as determined in section 4.1.2.4.3 of this
appendix.
EAOE = total annual electrical energy consumption for
conventional gas ovens as determined in section 4.1.2.4.3 of this
appendix.
Ke = 3,412 Btu/kWh (3,600 kJ/kWh), conversion factor for
kilowatt-hours to Btu's.
4.1.4.2 Conventional oven integrated energy factor. Calculate
the integrated energy factor, or the ratio of useful cooking energy
output to the total integrated energy input, IRO, using
the following equations:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.016
For electric ovens,
Where:
OO = 29.3 kWh (105,480 kJ) per year, annual useful
cooking energy output.
IEAO = total integrated annual energy consumption for
electric ovens as determined in section 4.1.2.4.2 of this appendix.
[[Page 65994]]
For gas ovens:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.017
Where:
OO = 88.8 kBtu (93,684 kJ) per year, annual useful
cooking energy output.
EAOG = total annual gas energy consumption for
conventional gas ovens as determined in section 4.1.2.4.3 of this
appendix.
IEAOE = total integrated annual electrical energy
consumption for conventional gas ovens as determined in section
4.1.2.4.3 of this appendix.
Ke = 3,412 Btu/kWh (3,600 kJ/kWh), conversion factor for
kilowatt-hours to Btus.
* * * * *
4.2.1.1 Electric surface unit cooking efficiency. Calculate the
cooking efficiency, EffSU, of the electric surface unit
under test, defined as:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.018
Where:
W = measured weight of test block, W2 or W3,
expressed in pounds (kg).
Cp = 0.23 Btu/lb-[deg]F (0.96 kJ/kg / [deg]C), specific
heat of test block.
TSU = temperature rise of the test block: final test
block temperature, TCT, as determined in section 3.2.2 of
this appendix, minus the initial test block temperature,
TI, expressed in [deg]F ([deg]C) as determined in section
2.7.5 of this appendix.
Ke = 3.412 Btu/Wh (3.6 kJ/Wh), conversion factor of watt-
hours to Btus.
ECT = measured energy consumption, as determined
according to section 3.2.2.1 of this appendix, expressed in watt-
hours (kJ).
4.2.1.2 Gas surface unit cooking efficiency. Calculate the
cooking efficiency, EffSU, of the gas surface unit under
test, defined as:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.019
Where:
W3 = measured weight of test block as measured in section
3.3.2 of this appendix, expressed in pounds (kg).
Cp and TSU are the same as defined in section
4.2.1.1 of this appendix.
and,
E = VCT + (EIC x Ke),
Where:
VCT = total gas consumption in standard cubic feet (L)
for the gas surface unit test as measured in section 3.2.2.1 of this
appendix.
EIC = electrical energy consumed in watt-hours (kJ) by an
ignition device of a gas surface unit as measured in section 3.2.2.1
of this appendix.
Ke = 3.412 Btu/Wh (3.6 kJ/Wh), conversion factor of watt-
hours to Btus.
* * * * *
4.2.2.1 Conventional electric cooking top.
4.2.2.1.1 Annual energy consumption of a conventional electric
cooking top. Calculate the annual electrical energy consumption of
an electric cooking top, ECA, in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per
year, defined as:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.020
Where:
OCT = 173.1 kWh (623,160 kJ) per year, annual useful
cooking energy output.
EffCT = conventional cooking top cooking efficiency as
defined in section 4.2.1.3 of this appendix.
4.2.2.1.2 Integrated annual energy consumption of a conventional
electric cooking top. Calculate the total integrated annual
electrical energy consumption of an electric cooking top,
IECA, in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year, defined as:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.021
Where:
OCT = 173.1 kWh (623,160 kJ) per year, annual useful
cooking energy output.
EffCT = conventional cooking top cooking efficiency as
defined in section 4.2.1.3 of this appendix.
ECTLP = conventional cooking top combined low-power mode
energy consumption = [(PIA x SIA) +
(POM x SOM)] x K,
Where:
PIA = conventional cooking top inactive mode power, in
watts, as measured in section 3.1.2.1.1 of this appendix.
POM = conventional cooking top off mode power, in watts,
as measured in section 3.1.2.1.2 of this appendix.
If the conventional cooking top has both inactive mode and off mode
annual hours, SIA and SOM both equal 4273.4;
If the conventional cooking top has an inactive mode but no off
mode, the inactive mode annual hours, SIA, is equal to
8546.9, and the off mode annual hours, SOM, is equal to
0;
If the conventional cooking top has an off mode but no inactive
mode, SIA is equal to 0, and SOM is equal to
8546.9;
K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.
4.2.2.2.2 Total integrated annual energy consumption of a
conventional gas cooking top. Calculate the total integrated annual
energy consumption of a conventional gas cooking top,
IECA, in Btus (kJ) per year, defined as:
IECA = ECC + ECTSO,
Where:
ECC = energy consumption for cooking as determined in
section 4.2.2.2.1 of this appendix.
[[Page 65995]]
ECTSO = conventional cooking top combined low-power mode
energy consumption = [(PIA x SIA) +
(POM x SOM)] x K,
Where:
PIA = conventional cooking top inactive mode power, in
watts, as measured in section 3.1.2.1.1 of this appendix.
POM = conventional cooking top off mode power, in watts,
as measured in section 3.1.2.1.2 of this appendix.
If the conventional cooking top has both inactive mode and off mode
annual hours, SIA and SOM both equal 4273.4;
If the conventional cooking top has an inactive mode but no off
mode, the inactive mode annual hours, SIA, is equal to
8546.9, and the off mode annual hours, SOM, is equal to
0;
If the conventional cooking top has an off mode but no inactive
mode, SIA is equal to 0, and SOM is equal to
8546.9;
K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.
4.2.3 Conventional cooking top energy factor and integrated
energy factor.
4.2.3.1 Conventional cooking top energy factor. Calculate the
energy factor or ratio of useful cooking energy output for cooking
to the total energy input, RCT, as follows:
For an electric cooking top, the energy factor is the same as
the cooking efficiency as determined according to section 4.2.1.3 of
this appendix.
For gas cooking tops,
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.022
Where:
OCT = 527.6 kBtu (556,618 kJ) per year, annual useful
cooking energy output of cooking top.
ECC = energy consumption for cooking as determined in
section 4.2.2.2.1 of this appendix.
4.2.3.2 Conventional cooking top integrated energy factor.
Calculate the integrated energy factor or ratio of useful cooking
energy output for cooking to the total integrated energy input,
IRCT, as follows:
For electric cooking tops,
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.023
Where:
OCT = 527.6 kBtu (556,618 kJ) per year, annual useful
cooking energy output of cooking top.
IECA = total annual integrated energy consumption of
cooking top determined according to section 4.2.2.1.2 of this
appendix.
For gas cooking tops,
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR31OC12.024
Where:
OCT = 527.6 kBtu (556,618 kJ) per year, annual useful
cooking energy output of cooking top.
IECA = total integrated annual energy consumption of
cooking top determined according to section 4.2.2.2.2 of this
appendix.
4.3 Combined components. The annual energy consumption of a
kitchen range (e.g., a cooking top and oven combined) shall be the
sum of the annual energy consumption of each of its components. The
integrated annual energy consumption of a kitchen range shall be the
sum of the annual energy consumption of each of its components plus
the total annual fan-only mode energy consumption for the oven
component, ETOF, defined as:
ETOF = EOF x NR,
Where:
EOF = conventional oven fan-only mode energy consumption,
in kilowatt-hours, as measured in section 3.2.1.2 of this appendix.
NR = representative number of annual conventional oven
cooking cycles per year, which is equal to 219 cycles for a
conventional electric oven without self-clean capability, 204 cycles
for a conventional electric oven with self-clean capability, 183
cycles for a conventional gas oven without self-clean capability,
and 197 cycles for a conventional gas oven with self-clean
capability.
plus the conventional range integrated annual combined low-power
mode energy consumption, ERTLP, defined as:
ERTLP = [(PIA x SIA) +
(POM x SOM)] x K
Where:
PIA = conventional range inactive mode power, in watts,
as measured in section 3.1.3.1 of this appendix.
POM = conventional range off mode power, in watts, as
measured in section 3.1.3.2 of this appendix.
STOT equals the total number of inactive mode and off
mode hours per year;
If the conventional oven component of the conventional range has
fan-only mode, STOT equals (8,329.2 - (tOF/
60)) hours, where tOF is the conventional oven fan-only
mode duration, in minutes, as measured in section 3.2.1.2 of this
appendix, and 60 is the conversion factor for minutes to hours;
otherwise, STOT is equal to 8,329.2 hours.
If the conventional range has both inactive mode and off mode,
SIA and SOM both equal STOT/2;
If the conventional range has an inactive mode but no off mode, the
inactive mode annual hours, SIA, is equal to
STOT, and the off mode annual hours, SOM, is
equal to 0;
If the conventional range has an off mode but no inactive mode,
SIA is equal to 0, and SOM is equal to
STOT;
K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.
The annual energy consumption for other combinations of ovens
and cooktops will also be treated as the sum of the annual energy
consumption of each of its components. The energy factor of a
combined component is the sum of the annual useful cooking energy
output of each component divided by the sum of the total annual
energy consumption of each component. The integrated energy factor
of other combinations of ovens and cooktops is the sum of the annual
useful cooking energy output of each component divided by the sum of
the total integrated annual energy consumption of each component.
0
12. Appendix X to subpart B of part 430 is amended by adding a Note
after the appendix heading to read as follows:
Appendix X to Subpart B of Part 430--Uniform Test Method for Measuring
the Energy Consumption of Dehumidifiers
Note: Prior to the compliance date for any amended energy
conservation standards that incorporate standby mode and off mode
energy consumption, manufacturers may use either Appendix X or
Appendix X1 to certify compliance with existing DOE energy
conservation standards and to make any representations related to
energy consumption of dehumidifiers, with the following exception.
If the compliance date is after April 29, 2013, manufacturers that
make representations related to standby mode and off mode energy
consumption must use Appendix X1 for any representations made after
April 29, 2013 of the energy consumption of these products,
consistent with the requirements of 42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2).
After the compliance date for any amended energy conservation
standards that incorporate standby mode and off mode energy
consumption, all dehumidifiers shall be tested using the provisions
of Appendix X1 to certify compliance with amended energy
conservation standards and to make any representations related to
energy consumption, with the following exception. If the compliance
date is before April 29, 2013, manufacturers may use Appendix X for
any representations until April 29, 2013 of energy consumption of
these products, consistent with the requirements of 42 U.S.C.
6293(c)(2).
* * * * *
0
13. Add Appendix X1 to subpart B of part 430 to read as follows:
Appendix X1 to Subpart B of Part 430-Uniform Test Method for Measuring
the Energy Consumption of Dehumidifiers
Note: Prior to the compliance date for any amended energy
conservation standards that incorporate standby mode and off mode
energy consumption, manufacturers may use either Appendix X or
Appendix X1 to certify compliance with existing DOE energy
conservation standards and to make any representations related to
energy consumption of dehumidifiers, with the following exception.
If the compliance date is after April 29, 2013, manufacturers that
make representations related to standby mode and off mode energy
consumption must use Appendix X1 for any representations made after
April 29, 2013 of
[[Page 65996]]
the energy consumption of these products, consistent with the
requirements of 42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2).
After the compliance date for any amended energy conservation
standards that incorporate standby mode and off mode energy
consumption, all dehumidifiers shall be tested using the provisions
of Appendix X1 to certify compliance with amended energy
conservation standards and to make any representations related to
energy consumption, with the following exception. If the compliance
date is before April 29, 2013, manufacturers may use Appendix X for
any representations until April 29, 2013 of energy consumption of
these products, consistent with the requirements of 42 U.S.C.
6293(c)(2).
1. Scope
This appendix covers the test requirements used to measure the
energy performance of dehumidifiers.
2. Definitions
2.1 ANSI/AHAM DH-1 means the test standard published by the
American National Standards Institute and the Association of Home
Appliance Manufacturers, titled ``Dehumidifiers,'' ANSI/AHAM DH-1-
2008, (incorporated by reference; see Sec. 430.3).
2.2 Active mode means a mode in which a dehumidifier is
connected to a mains power source, has been activated, and is
performing the main functions of removing moisture from air by
drawing moist air over a refrigerated coil using a fan, or
circulating air through activation of the fan without activation of
the refrigeration system.
2.3 Combined low-power mode means the aggregate of available
modes other than active mode.
2.4 Energy factor for dehumidifiers means a measure of energy
efficiency of a dehumidifier calculated by dividing the water
removed from the air by the energy consumed, measured in liters per
kilowatt-hour (L/kWh).
2.5 IEC 62301 means the test standard published by the
International Electrotechnical Commission, titled ``Household
electrical appliances--Measurement of standby power,'' Publication
62301 (Edition 2.0 2011-01) (incorporated by reference; see Sec.
430.3).
2.6 Inactive mode means a standby mode that facilitates the
activation of active mode by remote switch (including remote
control), internal sensor, or timer, or that provides continuous
status display.
2.7 Off mode means a mode in which the dehumidifier is connected
to a mains power source and is not providing any active mode or
standby mode function, and where the mode may persist for an
indefinite time. An indicator that only shows the user that the
dehumidifier is in the off position is included within the
classification of an off mode.
2.8 Off-cycle mode means a standby mode in which the
dehumidifier:
(1) Has cycled off its main function by humidistat or humidity
sensor;
(2) Does not have its fan or blower operating; and
(3) Will reactivate the main function according to the
humidistat or humidity sensor signal.
2.9 Product capacity for dehumidifiers means a measure of the
ability of the dehumidifier to remove moisture from its surrounding
atmosphere, measured in pints collected per 24 hours of continuous
operation.
2.10 Standby mode means any modes where the dehumidifier is
connected to a mains power source and offers one or more of the
following user-oriented or protective functions which may persist
for an indefinite time:
(1) To facilitate the activation of other modes (including
activation or deactivation of active mode) by remote switch
(including remote control), internal sensor, or timer;
(2) Continuous functions, including information or status
displays (including clocks) or sensor-based functions. A timer is a
continuous clock function (which may or may not be associated with a
display) that provides regular scheduled tasks (e.g., switching) and
that operates on a continuous basis.
3. Test Apparatus and General Instructions
3.1 Active mode. The test apparatus and instructions for testing
dehumidifiers shall conform to the requirements specified in Section
3, ``Definitions,'' Section 4, ``Instrumentation,'' and Section 5,
``Test Procedure,'' of ANSI/AHAM DH-1 (incorporated by reference,
see Sec. 430.3). Record measurements at the resolution of the test
instrumentation. Round off calculations to the same number of
significant digits as the previous step. Round the final minimum
energy factor value to two decimal places as follows:
(i) A fractional number at or above the midpoint between two
consecutive decimal places shall be rounded up to the higher of the
two decimal places; or
(ii) A fractional number below the midpoint between two
consecutive decimal places shall be rounded down to the lower of the
two decimal places.
3.2 Standby mode and off mode.
3.2.1 Installation requirements. For the standby mode and off
mode testing, the dehumidifier shall be installed in accordance with
Section 5, Paragraph 5.2 of IEC 62301 (incorporated by reference,
see Sec. 430.3), disregarding the provisions regarding batteries
and the determination, classification, and testing of relevant
modes.
3.2.2 Electrical energy supply.
3.2.2.1 Electrical supply. For the standby mode and off mode
testing, maintain the electrical supply voltage and frequency
indicated in Section 7.1.3, ``Standard Test Voltage,'' of ANSI/AHAM
DH-1, (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 430.3). The electrical
supply frequency shall be maintained 1 percent.
3.2.2.2 Supply voltage waveform. For the standby mode and off
mode testing, maintain the electrical supply voltage waveform
indicated in Section 4, Paragraph 4.3.2 of IEC 62301, (incorporated
by reference; see Sec. 430.3).
3.2.3 Standby mode and off mode watt meter. The watt meter used
to measure standby mode and off mode power consumption shall meet
the requirements specified in Section 4, Paragraph 4.4 of IEC 62301
(incorporated by reference, see Sec. 430.3).
3.2.4 Standby mode and off mode ambient temperature. For standby
mode and off mode testing, maintain room ambient air temperature
conditions as specified in Section 4, Paragraph 4.2 of IEC 62301
(incorporated by reference; see Sec. 430.3).
4. Test Measurement
4.1 Active mode. Measure the energy factor for dehumidifiers,
expressed in liters per kilowatt hour (L/kWh) and product capacity
in pints per day (pints/day), in accordance with the test
requirements specified in Section 7, ``Capacity Test and Energy
Consumption Test,'' of ANSI/AHAM DH-1 (incorporated by reference,
see Sec. 430.3).
4.2 Standby mode and off mode. Establish the testing conditions
set forth in section 3.2 of this appendix, ensuring that the
dehumidifier does not enter active mode during the test. For
dehumidifiers that take some time to enter a stable state from a
higher power state as discussed in Section 5, Paragraph 5.1, Note 1
of IEC 62301, (incorporated by reference; see Sec. 430.3), allow
sufficient time for the dehumidifier to reach the lower power state
before proceeding with the test measurement. Follow the test
procedure specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC 62301 for
testing in each possible mode as described in sections 4.2.1 and
4.2.2 of this appendix.
4.2.1 If the dehumidifier has an inactive mode, as defined in
section 2.6 of this appendix, but not an off mode, as defined in
section 2.7 of this appendix, measure and record the average
inactive mode power of the dehumidifier, PIA, in watts.
Otherwise, if the dehumidifier has an off mode, as defined in
section 2.7 of this appendix, measure and record the average off
mode power of the dehumidifier, POM, in watts.
4.2.2 If the dehumidifier has an off-cycle mode, as defined in
section 2.8 of this appendix, measure and record the average off-
cycle mode power of the dehumidifier, POC, in watts.
5. Calculation of Derived Results From Test Measurements
5.1 Annual combined low-power mode energy consumption. Calculate
the annual combined low-power mode energy consumption for
dehumidifiers, ETLP, expressed in kilowatt-hours per
year, according to the following:
ETLP = [(PIO x SIO) +
(POC x SOC)] x K
Where:
PIO = PIA, dehumidifier inactive mode power,
or POM, dehumidifier off mode power, in watts, as
measured in section 4.2.1 of this appendix.
POC = dehumidifier off-cycle mode power, in watts, as
measured in section 4.2.2 of this appendix.
SIO = 1840,5 dehumidifier inactive mode or off mode
annual hours.
SOC = 1840,5 dehumidifier off-cycle mode annual hours.
[[Page 65997]]
K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.
5.2 Integrated energy factor. Calculate the integrated energy
factor, IEF, expressed in liters per kilowatt-hour, rounded to two
decimal places, according to the following:
IEF = LW/(Eactive + ((ETLP x 24)/
Sactive))
Where:
LW = water removed from the air during dehumidifier
energy factor test, in liters, as measured in section 4.1 of this
appendix.
Eactive = dehumidifier energy factor test energy
consumption, in kilowatt-hours, as measured in section 4.1 of this
appendix.
ETLP = standby mode and off mode annual energy
consumption, in kilowatt-hours per year, as calculated in section
5.1 of this appendix.
24 = hours per day.
Sactive = 1,095, dehumidifier active mode annual hours.
[FR Doc. 2012-25645 Filed 10-30-12; 8:45 a.m.]
BILLING CODE 6450-01-P
