Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Virginia; Prevention of Significant Deterioration and Nonattainment New Source Review; Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5, 45523-45527 [2012-18800]
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Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 148 / Wednesday, August 1, 2012 / Proposed Rules
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reimbursement from a payor (the
employer, its agent, or a third party) for
expenses the employee pays or incurs;
and
(2) For purposes of paragraph
(f)(2)(iv)(C) of this section, an
arrangement under which an
independent contractor receives an
advance, allowance, or reimbursement
from a client or customer for expenses
the independent contractor pays or
incurs if either—
(a) A written agreement between the
parties expressly states that the client or
customer will reimburse the
independent contractor for expenses
that are subject to the limitations on
deductions in paragraphs (a) through (e)
of this section and section 274(n)(1); or
(b) A written agreement between the
parties expressly identifies the party
subject to the limitations.
(E) Examples. The following examples
illustrate the application of this
paragraph (f)(2)(iv).
Example 1. (i) Y, an employee, performs
services under an arrangement in which L, an
employee leasing company, pays Y a per
diem allowance of $10x for each day that Y
performs services for L’s client, C, while
traveling away from home. The per diem
allowance is a reimbursement of travel
expenses for food and beverages that Y pays
in performing services as an employee. L
enters into a written agreement with C under
which C agrees to reimburse L for any
substantiated reimbursements for travel
expenses, including meals, that L pays to Y.
The agreement does not expressly identify
the party that is subject to the deduction
limitations. Y performs services for C while
traveling away from home for 10 days and
provides L with substantiation that satisfies
the requirements of section 274(d) of $100x
of meal expenses incurred by Y while
traveling away from home. L pays Y $100x
to reimburse those expenses pursuant to their
arrangement. L delivers a copy of Y’s
substantiation to C. C pays L $300x, which
includes $200x compensation for services
and $100x as reimbursement of L’s payment
of Y’s travel expenses for meals. Neither L
nor C treats the $100x paid to Y as
compensation or wages.
(ii) Under paragraph (f)(2)(iv)(D)(1) of this
section, Y and L have established a
reimbursement or other expense allowance
arrangement for purposes of paragraph
(f)(2)(iv)(B) of this section. Because the
reimbursement payment is not treated as
compensation and wages paid to Y, under
section 274(e)(3)(A) and paragraph
(f)(2)(iv)(B)(1) of this section, Y is not subject
to the section 274 deduction limitations.
Instead, under paragraph (f)(2)(iv)(B)(2) of
this section, L, the payor, is subject to the
section 274 deduction limitations unless L
can meet the requirements of section
274(e)(3)(B) and paragraph (f)(2)(iv)(C) of this
section.
(iii) Because the agreement between L and
C expressly states that C will reimburse L for
expenses for meals incurred by employees
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while traveling away from home, under
paragraph (f)(2)(iv)(D)(2)(a) of this section, L
and C have established a reimbursement or
other expense allowance arrangement for
purposes of paragraph (f)(2)(iv)(C) of this
section. L accounts to C for C’s
reimbursement in the manner required by
section 274(d) by delivering to C a copy of
the substantiation L received from Y.
Therefore, under section 274(e)(3)(B) and
paragraph (f)(2)(iv)(C)(2) of this section, C
and not L is subject to the section 274
deduction limitations.
Example 2. (i) The facts are the same as
in Example 1 except that, under the
arrangements between Y and L and between
L and C, Y provides the substantiation of the
expenses directly to C, and C pays the per
diem directly to Y.
(ii) Under paragraph (f)(2)(iv)(D)(1) of this
section, Y and C have established a
reimbursement or other expense allowance
arrangement for purposes of paragraph
(f)(2)(iv)(C) of this section. Because Y
substantiates directly to C and the
reimbursement payment was not treated as
compensation and wages paid to Y, under
section 274(e)(3)(A) and paragraph
(f)(2)(iv)(C)(1) of this section Y is not subject
to the section 274 deduction limitations.
Under paragraph (f)(2)(iv)(C)(2) of this
section, C, the payor, is subject to the section
274 deduction limitations.
Example 3. (i) The facts are the same as
in Example 1, except that the written
agreement between L and C expressly
provides that the limitations of this section
will apply to C.
(ii) Under paragraph (f)(2)(iv)(D)(2)(b) of
this section, L and C have established a
reimbursement or other expense allowance
arrangement for purposes of paragraph
(f)(2)(iv)(C) of this section. Because the
agreement provides that the 274 deduction
limitations apply to C, under section
274(e)(3)(B) and paragraph (f)(2)(iv)(C) of this
section, C and not L is subject to the section
274 deduction limitations.
Example 4. (i) The facts are the same as in
Example 1, except that the agreement
between L and C does not provide that C will
reimburse L for travel expenses.
(ii) The arrangement between L and C is
not a reimbursement or other expense
allowance arrangement within the meaning
of section 274(e)(3)(B) and paragraph
(f)(2)(iv)(D)(2) of this section. Therefore, even
though L accounts to C for the expenses, L
is subject to the section 274 deduction
limitations.
(F) Effective/applicability date. This
paragraph (f)(2)(iv) applies to expenses
paid or incurred in taxable years
beginning after the date these
regulations are published as final
regulations in the Federal Register.
*
*
*
*
*
Par. 3. Section 1.274–8 is revised to
read as follows:
§ 1.274–8
Effective/applicability date.
Except as provided in §§ 1.274–2(a),
1.274–2(e), 1.274–2(f)(2)(iv)(F) and
1.274–5, §§ 1.274–1 through 1.274–7
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apply to taxable years ending after
December 31, 1962.
Steven T. Miller,
Deputy Commissioner for Services and
Enforcement.
[FR Doc. 2012–18691 Filed 7–31–12; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4830–01–P
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA–R03–OAR–2011–0927; FRL–9709–6]
Approval and Promulgation of Air
Quality Implementation Plans; Virginia;
Prevention of Significant Deterioration
and Nonattainment New Source
Review; Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
AGENCY:
EPA is proposing to approve
revisions to the Virginia State
Implementation Plan (SIP), submitted
by the Virginia Department of
Environmental Quality (VADEQ) on
August 25, 2011. These revisions
pertaining to Virginia’s Prevention of
Significant Deterioration (PSD) and
nonattainment New Source Review
(NSR) programs incorporate
preconstruction permitting regulations
for fine particulate matter (PM2.5) into
the Virginia SIP. A previous PSD
program approval of Virginia’s Chapter
80, Article 8 regulations was provided
to the Commonwealth as a ‘‘limited
approval’’ for reasons that will not deny
this action as being fully approved. In
addition, EPA is proposing to approve
these revisions and portions of other
related submissions for the purpose of
determining that Virginia has met its
statutory obligations with respect to the
infrastructure requirements of the Clean
Air Act (CAA) which relate to Virginia’s
PSD permitting program and are
necessary to implement, maintain, and
enforce the 1997 8-hour ozone and
PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS), the 2006 PM2.5
NAAQS, and the 2008 lead NAAQS.
EPA is proposing to approve these
revisions in accordance with the
requirements of the Clean Air Act
(CAA).
SUMMARY:
Written comments must be
received on or before August 31, 2012.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments,
identified by Docket ID Number EPA–
R03–OAR–2011–0927 by one of the
following methods:
DATES:
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A. www.regulations.gov. Follow the
on-line instructions for submitting
comments.
B. Email: cox.kathleen@epa.gov.
C. Mail: EPA–R03–OAR–2011–0927,
Ms. Kathleen Cox, Associate Director,
Office of Permits and Air Toxics,
Mailcode 3AP10, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Region III, 1650
Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
19103.
D. Hand Delivery: At the previouslylisted EPA Region III address. Such
deliveries are only accepted during the
Docket’s normal hours of operation, and
special arrangements should be made
for deliveries of boxed information.
Instructions: Direct your comments to
Docket ID No. EPA–R03–OAR–2011–
0927. EPA’s policy is that all comments
received will be included in the public
docket without change, and may be
made available online at
www.regulations.gov, including any
personal information provided, unless
the comment includes information
claimed to be Confidential Business
Information (CBI) or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute.
Do not submit information that you
consider to be CBI or otherwise
protected through www.regulations.gov
or email. The www.regulations.gov Web
site is an ‘‘anonymous access’’ system,
which means EPA will not know your
identity or contact information unless
you provide it in the body of your
comment. If you send an email
comment directly to EPA without going
through www.regulations.gov, your
email address will be automatically
captured and included as part of the
comment that is placed in the public
docket and made available on the
Internet. If you submit an electronic
comment, EPA recommends that you
include your name and other contact
information in the body of your
comment and with any disk or CD–ROM
you submit. If EPA cannot read your
comment due to technical difficulties
and cannot contact you for clarification,
EPA may not be able to consider your
comment. Electronic files should avoid
the use of special characters, any form
of encryption, and be free of any defects
or viruses.
Docket: All documents in the
electronic docket are listed in the
www.regulations.gov index. Although
listed in the index, some information is
not publicly available, i.e., CBI or other
information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute. Certain other
material, such as copyrighted material,
is not placed on the Internet and will be
publicly available only in hard copy
form. Publicly available docket
materials are available either
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electronically in www.regulations.gov or
in hard copy during normal business
hours at the Air Protection Division,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Region III, 1650 Arch Street,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103.
Copies of the State submittal are
available at the Virginia Department of
Environmental Quality, 629 East Main
Street, Richmond, Virginia 23219.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr.
David Talley, (215) 814–2117, or by
email at talley.david@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
Throughout this document, whenever
‘‘we,’’ ‘‘us,’’ or ‘‘our’’ is used, we mean
EPA. On August 25, 2011, VADEQ
submitted a formal revision to its State
Implementation Plan (SIP) (the August
2011 SIP submission). The SIP revision
consists of amendments to major NSR
permitting regulations under the
Virginia Administrative Code (VAC),
specifically Articles 8 and 9 of 9VAC5
Chapter 80. This SIP revision generally
pertains to two federal rulemaking
actions regarding PM2.5. The first is the
‘‘Implementation of the New Source
Review (NSR) Program for Particulate
Matter less than 2.5 Micrometers
(PM2.5)’’ (NSR PM2.5 Rule), which was
promulgated on May 16, 2008 (73 FR
28321). The second is the ‘‘Prevention
of Significant Deterioration (PSD) for
Particulate Matter less than 2.5
Micrometers (PM2.5)—Increments,
Significant Impact Levels (SILs) and
Significant Monitoring Concentration
(SMC)’’ (PSD PM2.5 Rule), which was
promulgated on October 20, 2010 (75 FR
64864).
Whenever a new or revised NAAQS is
promulgated, section 110(a) of the CAA
imposes obligations upon states to
submit SIP revisions that provide for the
implementation, maintenance, and
enforcement of the new or revised
NAAQS within three years following
the promulgation of such NAAQS—the
so called infrastructure SIP revisions.
Although states typically have met
many of the basic program elements
required in section 110(a)(2) through
earlier SIP submissions in connection
with previous PM standards, states
(including all the EPA Region III states)
were still required to submit SIP
revisions that address section 110(a)(2)
for the 1997 and 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS. In
addition to the August 2011 SIP
submission, Virginia has previously
submitted SIP revisions addressing
requirements set forth in CAA Section
110(a)(2) for the 1997 and 2006 PM2.5
NAAQS, as well as the 1997 ozone and
2008 lead NAAQS. Because these SIP
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submissions addressed Virginia’s
compliance with CAA section 110(a)(2),
these SIP submissions are referred to as
infrastructure SIP submissions. These
previous submittals, as well as a
technical support document (TSD), are
included in the docket for today’s
action. The TSD contains a detailed
discussion of these submittals and their
relationship to the requirements of CAA
section 110(a)(2).
A. Fine Particulate Matter and the
NAAQS
On July 18, 1997, EPA revised the
NAAQS for particulate matter (PM) to
add new standards for fine particles,
using PM2.5 as the indicator. Previously,
EPA used PM10 (inhalable particles
smaller than or equal to 10 micrometers
in diameter) as the indicator for the PM
NAAQS. EPA established health-based
(primary) annual and 24-hour standards
for PM2.5, setting an annual standard at
a level of 15 micrograms per cubic meter
(mg/m3) and a 24-hour standard at a
level of 65 mg/m3 (62 FR 38652). At the
time the 1997 primary standards were
established, EPA also established
welfare-based (secondary) standards
identical to the primary standards. The
secondary standards are designed to
protect against major environmental
effects of PM2.5, such as visibility
impairment, soiling, and materials
damage. On October 17, 2006, EPA
revised the primary and secondary
NAAQS for PM2.5. In that rulemaking,
EPA reduced the 24-hour NAAQS for
PM2.5 to 35 mg/m3 and retained the
existing annual PM2.5 NAAQS of 15 mg/
m3 (71 FR 61236).
B. Implementation of NSR Requirements
for PM2.5—the NSR PM2.5 Rule
On May 16, 2008, EPA finalized a rule
(the NSR PM2.5 Rule) to implement the
1997 p.m.2.5 NAAQS, including changes
to the NSR program (73 FR 28321). The
2008 NSR PM2.5 Rule revised the NSR
program requirements to establish the
framework for implementing
preconstruction permit review for the
PM2.5 NAAQS in both attainment and
nonattainment areas. The 2008 NSR
PM2.5 Rule also established the
following NSR requirements to
implement the PM2.5 NAAQS: (1)
Require NSR permits to address directly
emitted PM2.5 and precursor pollutants;
(2) establish significant emission rates
for direct PM2.5 and precursor pollutants
(including sulfur dioxide (SO2) and
oxides of nitrogen (NOX); (3) establish
PM2.5 emission offsets; and (4) require
states to account for gases that condense
to form particles (condensables) in PM2.5
emission limits.
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Additionally, the 2008 final rule
authorized states to adopt provisions in
their nonattainment NSR rules that
would allow major stationary sources
and major modifications which will be
located, or take place in, areas
designated nonattainment for PM2.5 to
offset emissions increases of direct
PM2.5 emissions or PM2.5 precursors
with reductions of either direct PM2.5
emissions or PM2.5 precursors in
accordance with offset ratios contained
in the approved SIP for the applicable
nonattainment area. The inclusion, in
whole or in part, of the interpollutant
offset provisions for PM2.5 is
discretionary on the part of the states. In
the preamble to the 2008 final rule, EPA
included preferred or presumptive offset
ratios, applicable to specific PM2.5
precursors that states may adopt in
conjunction with the new interpollutant
offset provisions for PM2.5, and for
which the state could rely on the EPA’s
technical work to demonstrate the
adequacy of the ratios for use in any
PM2.5 non attainment area.
Alternatively, the preamble indicated
that states may adopt their own ratios,
subject to the EPA’s approval, that
would have to be substantiated by
modeling or other technical
demonstrations of the net air quality
benefit for ambient PM2.5
concentrations. The preferred ratios
were subsequently the subject of a
petition for reconsideration, which the
Administrator granted. EPA continues
to support the basic policy that sources
may offset increases in emissions of
direct PM2.5 or of any PM2.5 precursor in
a PM2.5 nonattainment area with actual
emissions reductions in direct PM2.5 or
PM2.5 precursors in accordance with
offset ratios as approved in the SIP for
the applicable nonattainment area.
However, we no longer consider the
preferred ratios set forth in the preamble
to the 2008 final rule for PM2.5 NSR
implementation to be presumptively
approvable. Instead, any ratio involving
PM2.5 precursors adopted by the state for
use in the interpollutant offset program
for PM2.5 nonattainment areas must be
accompanied by a technical
demonstration that shows the net air
quality benefits of such ratio for the
PM2.5 nonattainment area in which it
will be applied.
C. PSD PM2.5 Rule
On October 20, 2010 (75 FR 64865),
EPA promulgated the final ‘‘Prevention
of Significant Deterioration (PSD) for
Particulate Matter less than 2.5
Micrometers (PM2.5)—Increments,
Significant Impact Levels (SILs) and
Significant Monitoring Concentration
(SMC)’’ (PSD PM2.5 Rule). That
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rulemaking finalized certain program
provisions under the regulations to
prevent significant deterioration of air
quality due to emissions of PM2.5 (i.e.,
under the PM2.5 PSD regulations). This
final rule supplemented the final
implementation rule for PM2.5, known as
the Clean Air Fine Particle
Implementation Rule (CAFPIR) that we
promulgated on April 25, 2007 (72 FR
20586), and the PM2.5 NSR
Implementation Rule that we
promulgated on May 16, 2008 (73
FR28321). Together, these three rules
established a regulatory framework for
implementation of a PM2.5 program in
any area. This final rule established
increments, SILs, and an SMC for PM2.5
to facilitate ambient air quality
monitoring and modeling under the PSD
regulations for areas designated
attainment or unclassifiable for PM2.5.
D. Infrastructure Requirements Relating
to Virginia’s PSD Permit Program
As stated earlier, Virginia’s PSD and
nonattainment programs are currently
operating under a limited SIP approval.
However, EPA has previously
determined that this limited approval
will not impair Virginia’s ability to
enforce its PSD and nonattainment NSR
provisions in a manner consistent with
federal requirements (See Section III,
below). With the addition of the PM2.5
requirements described above,
Virginia’s nonattainment NSR and PSD
programs contain all of the emission
limitations and control measures and
other program elements required by 40
CFR 51.165 and 40 CFR 51.166 related
to the PM2.5 NAAQS. Therefore, we are
also proposing to approve the August
25, 2011 SIP submittal and the relevant
portions of Virginia’s infrastructure SIP
submittals relating to the PSD permit
program under CAA sections
110(a)(2)(C), (D)(i)(II), and (J) for the
1997 p.m.2.5, 2006 p.m.2.5, and 2008 lead
NAAQS. EPA is also proposing to
approve the relevant portion of
Virginia’s infrastructure submittal
relating to the PSD permit program
pursuant to CAA section
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) for the 1997 ozone
NAAQS. Additionally, Virginia has met
its obligations with respect to the
visibility requirements of section
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) by virtue of its
Regional Haze SIP, which EPA took
final action to approve on March 23,
2012 (77 FR 16397). Therefore, EPA is
also proposing to approve the portions
of Virginia’s infrastructure submittals
related to the visibility requirements of
section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) for the 1997
ozone, 1997 p.m.2.5, 2006 p.m.2.5, and
2008 lead NAAQS. As already noted,
the TSD for this action contains a
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detailed discussion of the relevant
submissions and EPA’s rationale for
making this determination.
II. Summary of SIP Revision
The SIP revision submitted by
VADEQ consists of amendments to the
major NSR permitting regulations of
Articles 8 and 9 of 9VAC5 Chapter 80.
The revision fulfills the federal program
requirements established by the EPA
rulemaking actions discussed above.
The amendments establish the major
source threshold, significant emission
rate and offset ratios for PM2.5, and
establish an allowance for interpollutant
trading for offsets and NSR applicability
to PM2.5 precursor pollutants, pursuant
to the May 2008 NSR PM2.5 Rule. In
addition, the amendments add
maximum allowable increases in
ambient pollutant concentrations
(increments) pursuant to the October
2010 PSD PM2.5 Rule. Several minor
administrative revisions were made as
well.
The amendments submitted by
VADEQ for approval into the SIP were
adopted by the State Air Pollution
Control Board on June 10, 2011, and
effective on August 17, 2011. They
include revisions to the general
definitions under Chapter 10 of 9VAC5
(specifically 9VAC5–10–30), as well as
to Articles 8 (PSD) and 9 (nonattainment
NSR) under Chapter 80 of 9VAC5. The
following regulations under Article 8
are revised: 9VAC5–80–1615
(Definitions), 9VAC5–80–1635 (Ambient
Air Increments), and 9VAC5–80–1765
(Sources Affecting Federal Class I
Areas—Additional Requirements).
Under Article 9, the regulations at
9VAC5–80–2010 (Definitions) and
9VAC5–80–2120 (Offsets) have been
amended. Based upon EPA’s review of
the revisions submitted by Virginia for
approval into the SIP, we find these
revisions consistent with their federal
counterparts.
The revisions submitted by the State
of Virginia to address the new PSD
requirements for PM2.5 pursuant to the
EPA’s October 20, 2010 final rule
include the regulatory text at 40 CFR
51.166(k)(2), concerning the
implementation of SILs for PM2.5. (See,
9VAC5–80–1715 (Source Impact
Analysis)). We stated in the preamble to
the 2010 final rule that we do not
consider the SILs to be a mandatory SIP
element, but regard them as
discretionary on the part of permitting
authority for use in the PSD permitting
process. Nevertheless, the PM2.5 SILs are
currently the subject of litigation before
the U.S. Court of Appeals (DC Circuit).
In response to that litigation, the EPA
has requested that the Court remand and
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vacate the regulatory text in the EPA’s
PSD regulations at paragraph (k)(2) of
section 51.166 so that the EPA can make
necessary rulemaking revisions to that
text.
In light of EPA’s request for remand
and vacatur and our acknowledgement
of the need to revise the regulatory text
presently contained at paragraph (k)(2)
of sections 51.166 and 52.21, we do not
believe that it is appropriate at this time
to approve that portion of the State’s SIP
revision that contains the affected
regulatory text in the State’s PSD
regulations, specifically new paragraph
A.2 of 9VAC5–80–1715. Instead, we are
taking no action at this time with regard
to that specific provision contained in
the SIP revision.
III. General Information Pertaining to
SIP Submittals From the
Commonwealth of Virginia
In 1995, Virginia adopted legislation
that provides, subject to certain
conditions, for an environmental
assessment (audit) ‘‘privilege’’ for
voluntary compliance evaluations
performed by a regulated entity. The
legislation further addresses the relative
burden of proof for parties either
asserting the privilege or seeking
disclosure of documents for which the
privilege is claimed. Virginia’s
legislation also provides, subject to
certain conditions, for a penalty waiver
for violations of environmental laws
when a regulated entity discovers such
violations pursuant to a voluntary
compliance evaluation and voluntarily
discloses such violations to the
Commonwealth and takes prompt and
appropriate measures to remedy the
violations. Virginia’s Voluntary
Environmental Assessment Privilege
Law, Va. Code Sec. 10.1–1198, provides
a privilege that protects from disclosure
documents and information about the
content of those documents that are the
product of a voluntary environmental
assessment. The Privilege Law does not
extend to documents or information that
(1) generated or developed before the
commencement of a voluntary
environmental assessment; (2) prepared
independently of the assessment
process; (3) demonstrate a clear,
imminent and substantial danger to the
public health or environment; or (4) are
required by law.
On January 12, 1998, the
Commonwealth of Virginia Office of the
Attorney General provided a legal
opinion that states that the Privilege
Law, Va. Code § 10.1–1198, precludes
granting a privilege to documents and
information ‘‘required by law,’’
including documents and information
‘‘required by Federal law to maintain
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program delegation, authorization or
approval,’’ since Virginia must ‘‘enforce
Federally authorized environmental
programs in a manner that is no less
stringent than their Federal
counterparts. * * *’’ The opinion
concludes that ‘‘[r]egarding § 10.1–1198,
therefore, documents or other
information needed for civil or criminal
enforcement under one of these
programs could not be privileged
because such documents and
information are essential to pursuing
enforcement in a manner required by
Federal law to maintain program
delegation, authorization or approval.’’
Virginia’s Immunity law, Va. Code Sec.
10.1–1199, provides that ‘‘[t]o the extent
consistent with requirements imposed
by Federal law,’’ any person making a
voluntary disclosure of information to a
state agency regarding a violation of an
environmental statute, regulation,
permit, or administrative order is
granted immunity from administrative
or civil penalty. The Attorney General’s
January 12, 1998 opinion states that the
quoted language renders this statute
inapplicable to enforcement of any
Federally authorized programs, since
‘‘no immunity could be afforded from
administrative, civil, or criminal
penalties because granting such
immunity would not be consistent with
Federal law, which is one of the criteria
for immunity.’’
Therefore, EPA has determined that
Virginia’s Privilege and Immunity
statutes will not preclude the
Commonwealth from enforcing its PSD
and nonattainment NSR programs
consistent with the Federal
requirements. In any event, because
EPA has also determined that a state
audit privilege and immunity law can
affect only state enforcement and cannot
have any impact on Federal
enforcement authorities, EPA may at
any time invoke its authority under the
CAA, including, for example, sections
113, 167, 205, 211 or 213, to enforce the
requirements or prohibitions of the state
plan, independently of any state
enforcement effort. In addition, citizen
enforcement under section 304 of the
CAA is likewise unaffected by this, or
any, state audit privilege or immunity
law.
IV. Proposed Action
Based upon EPA’s review of the
August 25, 2011 submittal, we find the
regulations consistent with their Federal
counterparts. Only the increment
portion of the October 20, 2010 p.m.2.5
rule is a required PSD program element.
Therefore, EPA is proposing to approve
Virginia’s SIP revision, with the
exception of the portion of the revision
PO 00000
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Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
which relates to the SILs, upon which
we are taking no action. Additionally, in
light of this SIP revision, EPA is
proposing to approve the portions of
Virginia’s prior infrastructure submittals
related to the PSD program which were
not approved as part of our October 11,
2011 action (See, 76 FR 62635) as
follows: (1) We are proposing to approve
the portions of the December 13, 2007
submittal which address the section
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) requirements related
to Virginia’s PSD program for the 1997
ozone NAAQS; (2) We are proposing to
approve the portions of the July 10,
2008 and September 2, 2008 submittals
which address the requirements of
sections 110(a)(2)(C), (D)(i)(II), and (J)
which relate to Virginia’s PSD program
for the 1997 p.m.2.5 NAAQS; (3) We are
proposing to approve the portions of the
April 1, 2011 submittal which address
the requirements of sections
110(a)(2)(C), (D)(i)(II), and (J) which
relate to Virginia’s PSD program for the
2006 p.m.2.5 NAAQS; (4) We are
proposing to approve the portions of the
March 9, 2012 submittal which address
the requirements of sections
110(a)(2)(C), (D)(i)(II), and (J) which
relate to Virginia’s PSD program for the
2008 lead NAAQS; 5) We are proposing
to approve the portions of the November
13, 2007 submittal which address the
requirements of sections 110(a)(2)(D)(i)
which relate to Virginia’s PSD program
for the 1997 ozone and 1997 p.m.2.5
NAAQS; and 6) Because Virginia has
met its obligations with respect to the
visibility requirements of section
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) by virtue of its
Regional Haze SIP, which EPA took
final action to approve on March 23,
2012 (77 FR 16397), EPA is also
proposing to approve the portions of
Virginia’s previous infrastructure
submittals related to the visibility
requirements of section
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) for the 1997 ozone,
1997 p.m.2.5, 2006 p.m.2.5, and 2008 lead
NAAQS.
V. Statutory and Executive Order
Reviews
Under the CAA, the Administrator is
required to approve a SIP submission
that complies with the provisions of the
CAA and applicable Federal regulations.
42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a).
Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions,
EPA’s role is to approve state choices,
provided that they meet the criteria of
the CAA. Accordingly, this action
merely proposes to approve state law as
meeting Federal requirements and does
not impose additional requirements
beyond those imposed by state law. For
that reason, this action:
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01AUP1
Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 148 / Wednesday, August 1, 2012 / Proposed Rules
• Is not a ‘‘significant regulatory
action’’ subject to review by the Office
of Management and Budget under
Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735,
October 4, 1993);
• Does not impose an information
collection burden under the provisions
of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44
U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
• Is certified as not having a
significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities
under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5
U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
• Does not contain any unfunded
mandate or significantly or uniquely
affect small governments, as described
in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4);
• Does not have Federalism
implications as specified in Executive
Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10,
1999);
• Is not an economically significant
regulatory action based on health or
safety risks subject to Executive Order
13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997);
• Is not a significant regulatory action
subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR
28355, May 22, 2001);
• Is not subject to requirements of
Section 12(d) of the National
Technology Transfer and Advancement
Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because
application of those requirements would
be inconsistent with the CAA; and
• Does not provide EPA with the
discretionary authority to address, as
appropriate, disproportionate human
health or environmental effects, using
practicable and legally permissible
methods, under Executive Order 12898
(59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
In addition, this proposed rule
pertaining to NSR requirements for
PM2.5 does not have tribal implications
as specified by Executive Order 13175
(65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000),
because the SIP is not approved to apply
in Indian country located in the state,
and EPA notes that it will not impose
substantial direct costs on tribal
governments or preempt tribal law.
mstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Carbon monoxide,
Intergovernmental relations, Lead,
Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Particulate
matter, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Sulfur oxides, Volatile
organic compounds.
Dated: July 23, 2012.
W.C. Early,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region III.
[FR Doc. 2012–18800 Filed 7–31–12; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
VerDate Mar<15>2010
17:06 Jul 31, 2012
Jkt 226001
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA–R03–OAR–2012–0381; FRL–9709–7]
Approval and Promulgation of Air
Quality Implementation Plans;
Delaware; Requirements for
Prevention of Significant Deterioration
and Nonattainment New Source
Review; Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
AGENCY:
EPA is proposing to approve
a State Implementation Plan (SIP)
revision submitted by the State of
Delaware on March 14, 2012. This SIP
revision pertaining to Delaware’s
Prevention of Significant Deterioration
(PSD) and nonattainment New Source
Review (NSR) programs incorporates
preconstruction permitting
requirements for fine particulate matter
(PM2.5) into the Delaware SIP. In
addition, EPA is proposing to approve
SIP revisions and portions of SIP
submissions for the purpose of
determining that Delaware has met its
statutory obligations with respect to the
infrastructure requirements of the Clean
Air Act (CAA) which relate to
Delaware’s PSD permitting program and
are necessary to implement, maintain,
and enforce the1997 PM2.5 and ozone
NAAQS, the 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS, and
the 2008 lead NAAQS. EPA is
approving these revisions in accordance
with the requirements of the Clean Air
Act (CAA).
DATES: Written comments must be
received on or before August 31, 2012.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments,
identified by Docket ID Number EPA–
R03–OAR–2012–0381 by one of the
following methods:
A. www.regulations.gov. Follow the
on-line instructions for submitting
comments.
B. Email: cox.kathleen@epa.gov.
C. Mail: EPA–R03–OAR–2012–0381,
Kathleen Cox, Associate Director, Office
of Permits and Air Toxics, Mailcode
3AP10, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Region III, 1650 Arch Street,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103.
D. Hand Delivery: At the previouslylisted EPA Region III address. Such
deliveries are only accepted during the
Docket’s normal hours of operation, and
special arrangements should be made
for deliveries of boxed information.
Instructions: Direct your comments to
Docket ID No. EPA–R03–OAR–2012–
0381. EPA’s policy is that all comments
SUMMARY:
PO 00000
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Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
45527
received will be included in the public
docket without change, and may be
made available online at
www.regulations.gov, including any
personal information provided, unless
the comment includes information
claimed to be Confidential Business
Information (CBI) or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute.
Do not submit information that you
consider to be CBI or otherwise
protected through www.regulations.gov
or email. The www.regulations.gov Web
site is an ‘‘anonymous access’’ system,
which means EPA will not know your
identity or contact information unless
you provide it in the body of your
comment. If you send an email
comment directly to EPA without going
through www.regulations.gov, your
email address will be automatically
captured and included as part of the
comment that is placed in the public
docket and made available on the
Internet. If you submit an electronic
comment, EPA recommends that you
include your name and other contact
information in the body of your
comment and with any disk or CD–ROM
you submit. If EPA cannot read your
comment due to technical difficulties
and cannot contact you for clarification,
EPA may not be able to consider your
comment. Electronic files should avoid
the use of special characters, any form
of encryption, and be free of any defects
or viruses.
Docket: All documents in the
electronic docket are listed in the
www.regulations.gov index. Although
listed in the index, some information is
not publicly available, i.e., CBI or other
information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute. Certain other
material, such as copyrighted material,
is not placed on the Internet and will be
publicly available only in hard copy
form. Publicly available docket
materials are available either
electronically in www.regulations.gov or
in hard copy during normal business
hours at the Air Protection Division,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Region III, 1650 Arch Street,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103.
Copies of the State submittal are
available at the Delaware Department of
Natural Resources and Environmental
Control, 89 Kings Highway, P.O. Box
1401, Dover, Delaware 19903.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Gerallyn Duke, (215) 814–2084, or by
email at duke.gerallyn@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
Throughout this document, whenever
‘‘we,’’ ‘‘us,’’ or ‘‘our’’ is used, we mean
E:\FR\FM\01AUP1.SGM
01AUP1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 77, Number 148 (Wednesday, August 1, 2012)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 45523-45527]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2012-18800]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA-R03-OAR-2011-0927; FRL-9709-6]
Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans;
Virginia; Prevention of Significant Deterioration and Nonattainment New
Source Review; Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: EPA is proposing to approve revisions to the Virginia State
Implementation Plan (SIP), submitted by the Virginia Department of
Environmental Quality (VADEQ) on August 25, 2011. These revisions
pertaining to Virginia's Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD)
and nonattainment New Source Review (NSR) programs incorporate
preconstruction permitting regulations for fine particulate matter
(PM2.5) into the Virginia SIP. A previous PSD program
approval of Virginia's Chapter 80, Article 8 regulations was provided
to the Commonwealth as a ``limited approval'' for reasons that will not
deny this action as being fully approved. In addition, EPA is proposing
to approve these revisions and portions of other related submissions
for the purpose of determining that Virginia has met its statutory
obligations with respect to the infrastructure requirements of the
Clean Air Act (CAA) which relate to Virginia's PSD permitting program
and are necessary to implement, maintain, and enforce the 1997 8-hour
ozone and PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS), the 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS, and the 2008 lead NAAQS. EPA
is proposing to approve these revisions in accordance with the
requirements of the Clean Air Act (CAA).
DATES: Written comments must be received on or before August 31, 2012.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID Number EPA-
R03-OAR-2011-0927 by one of the following methods:
[[Page 45524]]
A. www.regulations.gov. Follow the on-line instructions for
submitting comments.
B. Email: cox.kathleen@epa.gov.
C. Mail: EPA-R03-OAR-2011-0927, Ms. Kathleen Cox, Associate
Director, Office of Permits and Air Toxics, Mailcode 3AP10, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Region III, 1650 Arch Street,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103.
D. Hand Delivery: At the previously-listed EPA Region III address.
Such deliveries are only accepted during the Docket's normal hours of
operation, and special arrangements should be made for deliveries of
boxed information.
Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA-R03-OAR-
2011-0927. EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included
in the public docket without change, and may be made available online
at www.regulations.gov, including any personal information provided,
unless the comment includes information claimed to be Confidential
Business Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute. Do not submit information that you consider to
be CBI or otherwise protected through www.regulations.gov or email. The
www.regulations.gov Web site is an ``anonymous access'' system, which
means EPA will not know your identity or contact information unless you
provide it in the body of your comment. If you send an email comment
directly to EPA without going through www.regulations.gov, your email
address will be automatically captured and included as part of the
comment that is placed in the public docket and made available on the
Internet. If you submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends that you
include your name and other contact information in the body of your
comment and with any disk or CD-ROM you submit. If EPA cannot read your
comment due to technical difficulties and cannot contact you for
clarification, EPA may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic
files should avoid the use of special characters, any form of
encryption, and be free of any defects or viruses.
Docket: All documents in the electronic docket are listed in the
www.regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some
information is not publicly available, i.e., CBI or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such
as copyrighted material, is not placed on the Internet and will be
publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly available docket
materials are available either electronically in www.regulations.gov or
in hard copy during normal business hours at the Air Protection
Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region III, 1650 Arch
Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103. Copies of the State submittal
are available at the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, 629
East Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23219.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. David Talley, (215) 814-2117, or
by email at talley.david@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
Throughout this document, whenever ``we,'' ``us,'' or ``our'' is
used, we mean EPA. On August 25, 2011, VADEQ submitted a formal
revision to its State Implementation Plan (SIP) (the August 2011 SIP
submission). The SIP revision consists of amendments to major NSR
permitting regulations under the Virginia Administrative Code (VAC),
specifically Articles 8 and 9 of 9VAC5 Chapter 80. This SIP revision
generally pertains to two federal rulemaking actions regarding
PM2.5. The first is the ``Implementation of the New Source
Review (NSR) Program for Particulate Matter less than 2.5 Micrometers
(PM2.5)'' (NSR PM2.5 Rule), which was promulgated
on May 16, 2008 (73 FR 28321). The second is the ``Prevention of
Significant Deterioration (PSD) for Particulate Matter less than 2.5
Micrometers (PM2.5)--Increments, Significant Impact Levels
(SILs) and Significant Monitoring Concentration (SMC)'' (PSD
PM2.5 Rule), which was promulgated on October 20, 2010 (75
FR 64864).
Whenever a new or revised NAAQS is promulgated, section 110(a) of
the CAA imposes obligations upon states to submit SIP revisions that
provide for the implementation, maintenance, and enforcement of the new
or revised NAAQS within three years following the promulgation of such
NAAQS--the so called infrastructure SIP revisions. Although states
typically have met many of the basic program elements required in
section 110(a)(2) through earlier SIP submissions in connection with
previous PM standards, states (including all the EPA Region III states)
were still required to submit SIP revisions that address section
110(a)(2) for the 1997 and 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS. In addition to
the August 2011 SIP submission, Virginia has previously submitted SIP
revisions addressing requirements set forth in CAA Section 110(a)(2)
for the 1997 and 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS, as well as the 1997 ozone
and 2008 lead NAAQS. Because these SIP submissions addressed Virginia's
compliance with CAA section 110(a)(2), these SIP submissions are
referred to as infrastructure SIP submissions. These previous
submittals, as well as a technical support document (TSD), are included
in the docket for today's action. The TSD contains a detailed
discussion of these submittals and their relationship to the
requirements of CAA section 110(a)(2).
A. Fine Particulate Matter and the NAAQS
On July 18, 1997, EPA revised the NAAQS for particulate matter (PM)
to add new standards for fine particles, using PM2.5 as the
indicator. Previously, EPA used PM10 (inhalable particles
smaller than or equal to 10 micrometers in diameter) as the indicator
for the PM NAAQS. EPA established health-based (primary) annual and 24-
hour standards for PM2.5, setting an annual standard at a
level of 15 micrograms per cubic meter ([mu]g/m\3\) and a 24-hour
standard at a level of 65 [mu]g/m\3\ (62 FR 38652). At the time the
1997 primary standards were established, EPA also established welfare-
based (secondary) standards identical to the primary standards. The
secondary standards are designed to protect against major environmental
effects of PM2.5, such as visibility impairment, soiling,
and materials damage. On October 17, 2006, EPA revised the primary and
secondary NAAQS for PM2.5. In that rulemaking, EPA reduced
the 24-hour NAAQS for PM2.5 to 35 [mu]g/m\3\ and retained
the existing annual PM2.5 NAAQS of 15 [mu]g/m\3\ (71 FR
61236).
B. Implementation of NSR Requirements for PM2.5--the NSR PM2.5 Rule
On May 16, 2008, EPA finalized a rule (the NSR PM2.5
Rule) to implement the 1997 p.m.2.5 NAAQS, including changes
to the NSR program (73 FR 28321). The 2008 NSR PM2.5 Rule
revised the NSR program requirements to establish the framework for
implementing preconstruction permit review for the PM2.5
NAAQS in both attainment and nonattainment areas. The 2008 NSR
PM2.5 Rule also established the following NSR requirements
to implement the PM2.5 NAAQS: (1) Require NSR permits to
address directly emitted PM2.5 and precursor pollutants; (2)
establish significant emission rates for direct PM2.5 and
precursor pollutants (including sulfur dioxide (SO2) and
oxides of nitrogen (NOX); (3) establish PM2.5
emission offsets; and (4) require states to account for gases that
condense to form particles (condensables) in PM2.5 emission
limits.
[[Page 45525]]
Additionally, the 2008 final rule authorized states to adopt
provisions in their nonattainment NSR rules that would allow major
stationary sources and major modifications which will be located, or
take place in, areas designated nonattainment for PM2.5 to
offset emissions increases of direct PM2.5 emissions or
PM2.5 precursors with reductions of either direct
PM2.5 emissions or PM2.5 precursors in accordance
with offset ratios contained in the approved SIP for the applicable
nonattainment area. The inclusion, in whole or in part, of the
interpollutant offset provisions for PM2.5 is discretionary
on the part of the states. In the preamble to the 2008 final rule, EPA
included preferred or presumptive offset ratios, applicable to specific
PM2.5 precursors that states may adopt in conjunction with
the new interpollutant offset provisions for PM2.5, and for
which the state could rely on the EPA's technical work to demonstrate
the adequacy of the ratios for use in any PM2.5 non
attainment area. Alternatively, the preamble indicated that states may
adopt their own ratios, subject to the EPA's approval, that would have
to be substantiated by modeling or other technical demonstrations of
the net air quality benefit for ambient PM2.5
concentrations. The preferred ratios were subsequently the subject of a
petition for reconsideration, which the Administrator granted. EPA
continues to support the basic policy that sources may offset increases
in emissions of direct PM2.5 or of any PM2.5
precursor in a PM2.5 nonattainment area with actual
emissions reductions in direct PM2.5 or PM2.5
precursors in accordance with offset ratios as approved in the SIP for
the applicable nonattainment area. However, we no longer consider the
preferred ratios set forth in the preamble to the 2008 final rule for
PM2.5 NSR implementation to be presumptively approvable.
Instead, any ratio involving PM2.5 precursors adopted by the
state for use in the interpollutant offset program for PM2.5
nonattainment areas must be accompanied by a technical demonstration
that shows the net air quality benefits of such ratio for the
PM2.5 nonattainment area in which it will be applied.
C. PSD PM2.5 Rule
On October 20, 2010 (75 FR 64865), EPA promulgated the final
``Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) for Particulate Matter
less than 2.5 Micrometers (PM2.5)--Increments, Significant
Impact Levels (SILs) and Significant Monitoring Concentration (SMC)''
(PSD PM2.5 Rule). That rulemaking finalized certain program
provisions under the regulations to prevent significant deterioration
of air quality due to emissions of PM2.5 (i.e., under the
PM2.5 PSD regulations). This final rule supplemented the
final implementation rule for PM2.5, known as the Clean Air
Fine Particle Implementation Rule (CAFPIR) that we promulgated on April
25, 2007 (72 FR 20586), and the PM2.5 NSR Implementation
Rule that we promulgated on May 16, 2008 (73 FR28321). Together, these
three rules established a regulatory framework for implementation of a
PM2.5 program in any area. This final rule established
increments, SILs, and an SMC for PM2.5 to facilitate ambient
air quality monitoring and modeling under the PSD regulations for areas
designated attainment or unclassifiable for PM2.5.
D. Infrastructure Requirements Relating to Virginia's PSD Permit
Program
As stated earlier, Virginia's PSD and nonattainment programs are
currently operating under a limited SIP approval. However, EPA has
previously determined that this limited approval will not impair
Virginia's ability to enforce its PSD and nonattainment NSR provisions
in a manner consistent with federal requirements (See Section III,
below). With the addition of the PM2.5 requirements
described above, Virginia's nonattainment NSR and PSD programs contain
all of the emission limitations and control measures and other program
elements required by 40 CFR 51.165 and 40 CFR 51.166 related to the
PM2.5 NAAQS. Therefore, we are also proposing to approve the
August 25, 2011 SIP submittal and the relevant portions of Virginia's
infrastructure SIP submittals relating to the PSD permit program under
CAA sections 110(a)(2)(C), (D)(i)(II), and (J) for the 1997
p.m.2.5, 2006 p.m.2.5, and 2008 lead NAAQS. EPA
is also proposing to approve the relevant portion of Virginia's
infrastructure submittal relating to the PSD permit program pursuant to
CAA section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) for the 1997 ozone NAAQS. Additionally,
Virginia has met its obligations with respect to the visibility
requirements of section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) by virtue of its Regional
Haze SIP, which EPA took final action to approve on March 23, 2012 (77
FR 16397). Therefore, EPA is also proposing to approve the portions of
Virginia's infrastructure submittals related to the visibility
requirements of section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) for the 1997 ozone, 1997
p.m.2.5, 2006 p.m.2.5, and 2008 lead NAAQS. As
already noted, the TSD for this action contains a detailed discussion
of the relevant submissions and EPA's rationale for making this
determination.
II. Summary of SIP Revision
The SIP revision submitted by VADEQ consists of amendments to the
major NSR permitting regulations of Articles 8 and 9 of 9VAC5 Chapter
80. The revision fulfills the federal program requirements established
by the EPA rulemaking actions discussed above. The amendments establish
the major source threshold, significant emission rate and offset ratios
for PM2.5, and establish an allowance for interpollutant
trading for offsets and NSR applicability to PM2.5 precursor
pollutants, pursuant to the May 2008 NSR PM2.5 Rule. In
addition, the amendments add maximum allowable increases in ambient
pollutant concentrations (increments) pursuant to the October 2010 PSD
PM2.5 Rule. Several minor administrative revisions were made
as well.
The amendments submitted by VADEQ for approval into the SIP were
adopted by the State Air Pollution Control Board on June 10, 2011, and
effective on August 17, 2011. They include revisions to the general
definitions under Chapter 10 of 9VAC5 (specifically 9VAC5-10-30), as
well as to Articles 8 (PSD) and 9 (nonattainment NSR) under Chapter 80
of 9VAC5. The following regulations under Article 8 are revised: 9VAC5-
80-1615 (Definitions), 9VAC5-80-1635 (Ambient Air Increments), and
9VAC5-80-1765 (Sources Affecting Federal Class I Areas--Additional
Requirements). Under Article 9, the regulations at 9VAC5-80-2010
(Definitions) and 9VAC5-80-2120 (Offsets) have been amended. Based upon
EPA's review of the revisions submitted by Virginia for approval into
the SIP, we find these revisions consistent with their federal
counterparts.
The revisions submitted by the State of Virginia to address the new
PSD requirements for PM2.5 pursuant to the EPA's October 20,
2010 final rule include the regulatory text at 40 CFR 51.166(k)(2),
concerning the implementation of SILs for PM2.5. (See,
9VAC5-80-1715 (Source Impact Analysis)). We stated in the preamble to
the 2010 final rule that we do not consider the SILs to be a mandatory
SIP element, but regard them as discretionary on the part of permitting
authority for use in the PSD permitting process. Nevertheless, the
PM2.5 SILs are currently the subject of litigation before
the U.S. Court of Appeals (DC Circuit). In response to that litigation,
the EPA has requested that the Court remand and
[[Page 45526]]
vacate the regulatory text in the EPA's PSD regulations at paragraph
(k)(2) of section 51.166 so that the EPA can make necessary rulemaking
revisions to that text.
In light of EPA's request for remand and vacatur and our
acknowledgement of the need to revise the regulatory text presently
contained at paragraph (k)(2) of sections 51.166 and 52.21, we do not
believe that it is appropriate at this time to approve that portion of
the State's SIP revision that contains the affected regulatory text in
the State's PSD regulations, specifically new paragraph A.2 of 9VAC5-
80-1715. Instead, we are taking no action at this time with regard to
that specific provision contained in the SIP revision.
III. General Information Pertaining to SIP Submittals From the
Commonwealth of Virginia
In 1995, Virginia adopted legislation that provides, subject to
certain conditions, for an environmental assessment (audit)
``privilege'' for voluntary compliance evaluations performed by a
regulated entity. The legislation further addresses the relative burden
of proof for parties either asserting the privilege or seeking
disclosure of documents for which the privilege is claimed. Virginia's
legislation also provides, subject to certain conditions, for a penalty
waiver for violations of environmental laws when a regulated entity
discovers such violations pursuant to a voluntary compliance evaluation
and voluntarily discloses such violations to the Commonwealth and takes
prompt and appropriate measures to remedy the violations. Virginia's
Voluntary Environmental Assessment Privilege Law, Va. Code Sec. 10.1-
1198, provides a privilege that protects from disclosure documents and
information about the content of those documents that are the product
of a voluntary environmental assessment. The Privilege Law does not
extend to documents or information that (1) generated or developed
before the commencement of a voluntary environmental assessment; (2)
prepared independently of the assessment process; (3) demonstrate a
clear, imminent and substantial danger to the public health or
environment; or (4) are required by law.
On January 12, 1998, the Commonwealth of Virginia Office of the
Attorney General provided a legal opinion that states that the
Privilege Law, Va. Code Sec. 10.1-1198, precludes granting a privilege
to documents and information ``required by law,'' including documents
and information ``required by Federal law to maintain program
delegation, authorization or approval,'' since Virginia must ``enforce
Federally authorized environmental programs in a manner that is no less
stringent than their Federal counterparts. * * *'' The opinion
concludes that ``[r]egarding Sec. 10.1-1198, therefore, documents or
other information needed for civil or criminal enforcement under one of
these programs could not be privileged because such documents and
information are essential to pursuing enforcement in a manner required
by Federal law to maintain program delegation, authorization or
approval.'' Virginia's Immunity law, Va. Code Sec. 10.1-1199, provides
that ``[t]o the extent consistent with requirements imposed by Federal
law,'' any person making a voluntary disclosure of information to a
state agency regarding a violation of an environmental statute,
regulation, permit, or administrative order is granted immunity from
administrative or civil penalty. The Attorney General's January 12,
1998 opinion states that the quoted language renders this statute
inapplicable to enforcement of any Federally authorized programs, since
``no immunity could be afforded from administrative, civil, or criminal
penalties because granting such immunity would not be consistent with
Federal law, which is one of the criteria for immunity.''
Therefore, EPA has determined that Virginia's Privilege and
Immunity statutes will not preclude the Commonwealth from enforcing its
PSD and nonattainment NSR programs consistent with the Federal
requirements. In any event, because EPA has also determined that a
state audit privilege and immunity law can affect only state
enforcement and cannot have any impact on Federal enforcement
authorities, EPA may at any time invoke its authority under the CAA,
including, for example, sections 113, 167, 205, 211 or 213, to enforce
the requirements or prohibitions of the state plan, independently of
any state enforcement effort. In addition, citizen enforcement under
section 304 of the CAA is likewise unaffected by this, or any, state
audit privilege or immunity law.
IV. Proposed Action
Based upon EPA's review of the August 25, 2011 submittal, we find
the regulations consistent with their Federal counterparts. Only the
increment portion of the October 20, 2010 p.m.2.5 rule is a
required PSD program element. Therefore, EPA is proposing to approve
Virginia's SIP revision, with the exception of the portion of the
revision which relates to the SILs, upon which we are taking no action.
Additionally, in light of this SIP revision, EPA is proposing to
approve the portions of Virginia's prior infrastructure submittals
related to the PSD program which were not approved as part of our
October 11, 2011 action (See, 76 FR 62635) as follows: (1) We are
proposing to approve the portions of the December 13, 2007 submittal
which address the section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) requirements related to
Virginia's PSD program for the 1997 ozone NAAQS; (2) We are proposing
to approve the portions of the July 10, 2008 and September 2, 2008
submittals which address the requirements of sections 110(a)(2)(C),
(D)(i)(II), and (J) which relate to Virginia's PSD program for the 1997
p.m.2.5 NAAQS; (3) We are proposing to approve the portions
of the April 1, 2011 submittal which address the requirements of
sections 110(a)(2)(C), (D)(i)(II), and (J) which relate to Virginia's
PSD program for the 2006 p.m.2.5 NAAQS; (4) We are proposing
to approve the portions of the March 9, 2012 submittal which address
the requirements of sections 110(a)(2)(C), (D)(i)(II), and (J) which
relate to Virginia's PSD program for the 2008 lead NAAQS; 5) We are
proposing to approve the portions of the November 13, 2007 submittal
which address the requirements of sections 110(a)(2)(D)(i) which relate
to Virginia's PSD program for the 1997 ozone and 1997
p.m.2.5 NAAQS; and 6) Because Virginia has met its
obligations with respect to the visibility requirements of section
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) by virtue of its Regional Haze SIP, which EPA took
final action to approve on March 23, 2012 (77 FR 16397), EPA is also
proposing to approve the portions of Virginia's previous infrastructure
submittals related to the visibility requirements of section
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) for the 1997 ozone, 1997 p.m.2.5, 2006
p.m.2.5, and 2008 lead NAAQS.
V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP
submission that complies with the provisions of the CAA and applicable
Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in
reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve state choices,
provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. Accordingly, this
action merely proposes to approve state law as meeting Federal
requirements and does not impose additional requirements beyond those
imposed by state law. For that reason, this action:
[[Page 45527]]
Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' subject to
review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Order
12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993);
Does not impose an information collection burden under the
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
Is certified as not having a significant economic impact
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
Does not have Federalism implications as specified in
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
Is not an economically significant regulatory action based
on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR
19885, April 23, 1997);
Is not a significant regulatory action subject to
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001);
Is not subject to requirements of Section 12(d) of the
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent
with the CAA; and
Does not provide EPA with the discretionary authority to
address, as appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental
effects, using practicable and legally permissible methods, under
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
In addition, this proposed rule pertaining to NSR requirements for
PM2.5 does not have tribal implications as specified by
Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000), because the SIP
is not approved to apply in Indian country located in the state, and
EPA notes that it will not impose substantial direct costs on tribal
governments or preempt tribal law.
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Carbon monoxide,
Intergovernmental relations, Lead, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Particulate
matter, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Sulfur oxides,
Volatile organic compounds.
Dated: July 23, 2012.
W.C. Early,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region III.
[FR Doc. 2012-18800 Filed 7-31-12; 8:45 am]
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