Revisions to Procedural Rules, 23176-23178 [2012-9300]
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23176
Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 75 / Wednesday, April 18, 2012 / Proposed Rules
to the extent that the system is exempt
from other specific subsections of the
Privacy Act.
(13) From subsection (h) when
application of those provisions could
impede or compromise an ongoing
criminal investigation, interfere with a
law enforcement activity, reveal an
investigatory technique or confidential
source, invade the privacy of a person
who provides information for an
investigation, or endanger law
enforcement personnel.
Dated: March 12, 2012.
Nancy C. Libin,
Chief Privacy and Civil Liberties Officer,
United States Department of Justice.
[FR Doc. 2012–8769 Filed 4–17–12; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4410–09–P
POSTAL REGULATORY COMMISSION
39 CFR Part 3001
[Docket No. RM2012–4; Order No. 1309]
Revisions to Procedural Rules
Postal Regulatory Commission.
Advance notice of proposed
rulemaking.
AGENCY:
ACTION:
The Commission is
establishing a docket to consider
proposed changes in procedures for
handling cases under 39 U.S.C. 3661.
These cases involve changes in the
nature of postal services which affect
service on a nationwide or substantially
nationwide basis. The Commission
invites comments from interested
persons on ways to improve and
expedite its procedures, consistent with
due process. Following review of the
comments, the Commission may
institute a rulemaking proceeding to
consider adoption of updated
procedures.
SUMMARY:
Comments Date: June 18, 2012.
Reply Comment Date: July 17, 2012.
ADDRESSES: Submit comments
electronically by accessing the ‘‘Filing
Online’’ link in the banner at the top of
the Commission’s Web site (https://
www.prc.gov) or by directly accessing
the Commission’s Filing Online system
at https://www.prc.gov/prc-pages/filingonline/login.aspx. Commenters who
cannot submit their views electronically
should contact the person identified in
the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT
section as the source for case-related
information for advice on alternatives to
electronic filing.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Stephen L. Sharfman, General Counsel,
at 202–789–6820 (case-related
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DATES:
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information) or DocketAdmins@prc.gov
(electronic filing assistance).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Table of Contents
I. Background
II. Legal Requirements
III. Commission’s Section 701 Report
IV. Commission’s Authority To Modify
Procedures
V. Comment Procedures
VI. Ordering Paragraphs
I. Background
The Commission is soliciting
comments on its current procedures
under 39 U.S.C. 3661 for reviewing
proposals by the Postal Service to make
changes in the nature of postal services.
After reviewing the comments
submitted in this proceeding, the
Commission may institute rulemaking
proceedings to consider the adoption of
new, updated procedures for processing
nature of service cases. The goal of any
such changes would be to increase the
efficiency and timely resolution of
nature of service cases while protecting
the rights of all participants, including
affected mail users.
In this proceeding, the Commission
welcomes comments on (1) whether
changes to the current procedures and
regulations are warranted; (2) if so, what
those changes would be; and (3) such
other relevant subjects as commenters
may wish to address.
Nature of service proceedings
conducted pursuant to 39 U.S.C. 3661
have traditionally been referred to as
‘‘N-cases.’’ In N-cases, the Commission
issues advisory opinions on proposals
by the Postal Service for ‘‘a change in
the nature of postal services which will
generally affect service on a nationwide,
or substantially nationwide basis
* * *.’’ 39 U.S.C. 3661(b).
The Commission’s authority to
conduct N-cases was originally
established by the Postal Reorganization
Act of 1970, Public Law 91–375, August
12, 1970 (PRA). Five N-cases were
initiated between the enactment of the
PRA in 1970 and the passage 36 years
later of the Postal Accountability and
Enhancement Act (PAEA), Public Law
109–435, 120 Stat. 3219 (2006).1 In the
5 years since passage of the PAEA, the
Commission has docketed four N-cases.2
1 Docket No. N75–1, Retail Analysis for Facilities
Development Program; Docket No. N75–2, Changes
in Operating Procedures Affecting First-Class Mail
and Airmail; Docket No. N86–1, Change in Service,
1986, Collect on Delivery Service; Docket No. N89–
1, Change in Service, 1989, First-Class Delivery
Standards Realignment; Docket No. N2006–1,
Evolutionary Network Development Service
Changes, 2006.
2 Docket No. N2009–1, Station and Branch
Optimization and Consolidation Initiative, 2009;
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The varying degrees of complexity
presented by N-cases affects the time
required to issue advisory opinions.
Ordinarily, cases that present the most
far-reaching implications to mailers
require more extensive procedures and
a greater time between the initial filing
and the issuance of an advisory opinion
by the Commission. To date, the
Commission has issued advisory
opinions in three of the four N-cases
instituted since enactment of the
PAEA.3 The length of those proceedings
ranged from a low of 5 months in
Docket No. N2011–1 to a high of 12
months in Docket No. N2010–1.4 The
fourth post-PAEA proceeding was filed
on December 5, 2011, and remains
pending.
Recently, the Postal Service has found
itself in an extremely challenging
financial situation, and is seeking to act
quickly to remedy its financial
difficulties. The Postal Service has
expressed a need for a more expeditious
hearing process for N-cases in light of its
present financial situation. Thus, the
Commission is soliciting comments on
the advisability of adjusting N-case
procedures in ways that allow more
timely and relevant advisory opinions.
II. Legal Requirements
A. 39 U.S.C. 3661
If the Postal Service determines that a
change in the nature of its services that
will affect mail users on a nationwide or
substantially nationwide basis may be
called for, it must, prior to
implementation, submit a proposal to
the Commission requesting an advisory
opinion on the proposed changes. 39
U.S.C. 3661(b). After the request is
submitted, the Postal Service, mail
users, and an officer of the Commission
required to represent the interests of the
general public must be afforded an
opportunity for a hearing on the record
in accordance with the provisions of 5
Docket No. N2010–1, Six-Day to Five-Day Street
Delivery and Related Service Changes, 2010; Docket
No. N2011–1, Retail Access Optimization Initiative,
2011; Docket No. N2012–1, Mail Processing
Network Rationalization Service Changes, 2012.
3 Docket No. N2009–1, Station and Branch
Optimization and Consolidation Initiative, 2009;
Docket No. N2010–1, Six-Day to Five-Day Street
Delivery and Related Service Changes, 2010; Docket
No. N2011–1, Retail Access Optimization Initiative,
2011.
4 In Docket No. N2009–1, the Postal Service filed
its request on July 2, 2009, and the Commission
issued its advisory opinion 8 months later on March
10, 2010. In Docket No. N2010–1, the Postal Service
filed its request on March 30, 2010, and the
Commission issued its advisory opinion nearly 12
months later on March 24, 2011. In Docket No.
N2011–1, the Postal Service filed its request on July
27, 2011, and the Commission issued its advisory
opinion almost 5 months later on December 23,
2011.
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Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 75 / Wednesday, April 18, 2012 / Proposed Rules
U.S.C. 556 and 5 U.S.C. 557. 39 U.S.C.
3661(c). Those two statutory sections—
section 556 and section 557—are part of
the federal Administrative Procedure
Act. Section 556 sets forth the
procedures by which administrative
agencies must conduct evidentiary
hearings. Section 557 establishes
requirements for decisions issued in
those administrative hearings. At the
conclusion of an N-Case proceeding, the
Commission must issue a decision in
the form of a written opinion and must
include a certification by each
Commissioner stating that, in the
Commissioner’s judgment, the opinion
conforms to the appropriate statutory
requirements. 39 U.S.C. 3661(c).
rules.7 Postal Service Response to 701
Report at 24. The Postal Service
reiterated the need for expedition in
handling such cases, while
acknowledging that the level of
Commission analysis should be
consistent with its work in other areas.
Id.
B. Current Procedural Regulations
Before the Commission is permitted to
issue an advisory opinion, it is required to
provide an opportunity for hearing on the
record * * *. Participants [in this proceeding
have] justified requests for hearings on the
record. The Commission has procedures in
place, both by precedent and rule, to
implement these [statutory] requirements,
which provide due process to all
participants. The procedures are flexible
enough to accommodate various complexities
of cases, and levels of controversy, but also
include procedural steps that once triggered
require somewhat rigid increments of time
* * *. A reasonable amount of time,
consistent with the complexity of the case,
must be provided for each step to ensure due
process.
The Commission’s procedural rules
implementing the requirements of
section 3661 can be found in 39 CFR
3001.71 through 3001.75. These
procedural rules were first written in
1973 and last updated nearly 20 years
ago. Procedural rules of general
applicability in subpart A of 39 CFR
part 3001 also apply.
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III. Commission’s Section 701 Report
On September 22, 2011, the
Commission presented an analysis to
Congress and the President discussing
how the PAEA is operating and
recommending measures to improve the
effectiveness and efficiency of postal
laws.5 In the 701 Report, the
Commission recommends that Congress
consider adding statutory language
allowing the Postal Service to request
expedited consideration for timesensitive N-cases and requiring the
Postal Service to provide a written
response to Commission advisory
opinions as well as submitting its
response to Congress prior to
implementing such changes in service.
Id. at 71–85.
Attached to the 701 Report was a
Postal Service response to the
Commission’s recommendations,
including legislative changes to N-case
procedures.6 In its response, the Postal
Service stated its preference for a
pending legislative proposal which, if
adopted, would require the Commission
to issue advisory opinions on Postal
Service requests within 90 days of filing
and would remove the formal hearing
requirement from N-case procedural
5 Section 701 Report Analysis of the Postal
Accountability and Enhancement Act of 2006,
September 22, 2011 (701 Report). The report draws
its name from section 701 of the PAEA.
6 United States Postal Service Response to
Commission’s Draft Section 701 Report, September
16, 2011 (Postal Service Response to 701 Report).
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IV. Commission’s Authority To Modify
Procedures
The Commission has historically
conducted N-case hearings as formal,
trial-type proceedings. The Commission
recently elaborated on this historic
approach in an order denying a Postal
Service request for reconsideration of
the procedural schedule in Docket No.
N2012–1: 8
Order No. 1183 at 2–3.
The proceedings in Docket No.
N2012–1, currently under consideration
by the Commission, highlight the
challenges that the Commission can face
in N-cases. In this case, the Commission
has been presented with a multifaceted
proposal by the Postal Service with farreaching implications for mail users.
Parties have urged the Commission to
permit extensive discovery and
sufficient time to allow preparation of
technical rebuttal evidence. The Postal
Service has emphasized its need for
expedition. The Commission has had to
balance the competing concerns for due
process against the need for expedition.
In light of the increasing frequency of
N-cases and their varying degrees of
complexity, it is appropriate for the
Commission to re-examine its historic
practice of conducting N-cases as trialtype proceedings, according participants
extensive discovery and oral crossexamination opportunities in all cases.
The authority of regulatory agencies like
7 The proposed legislation referred to by the
Postal Service is contained in S.1010, 112th Cong.
§ 206. The bill discussed by the Postal Service is
one of several currently pending before Congress.
8 Docket No. N2012–1, Order Denying Motion for
Reconsideration of Ruling Establishing Procedural
Schedule, January 31, 2012 (Order No. 1183).
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23177
the Commission to revise their
regulations to place limits on the use of
formal litigation procedures in certain
types of cases has been judicially
recognized. In Citizens Awareness
Network v. U.S., 391 F.3d 338 (1st Cir.
2004), the court held that it was a valid
exercise of agency discretion for the
Nuclear Regulatory Commission to
expedite nuclear reactor licensing
proceedings by changing its longstanding procedural regulations to
eliminate discovery and restrict crossexamination:
The APA [Administrative Procedure Act]
lays out only the most skeletal framework for
conducting agency adjudications, leaving
broad discretion to the affected agencies in
formulating detailed procedural rules
(citation omitted)* * * short of
constitutional constraints, a court may not
impose procedural requirements * * *
beyond those mandated by statute * * *.
(Citation omitted).
Citizens Awareness at 349.
While procedures differ from agency
to agency and while changes in those
procedures require careful consideration
in the specific statutory and regulatory
contexts presented, the Citizens
Awareness decision supports the
general proposition that agencies have
flexibility to tailor their procedures to
make hearing processes more efficient.
As the court in that case recognized:
‘‘An agency’s rules, once adopted, are
not frozen in place. The opposite is true:
an agency may alter its rules in light of
its accumulated experience in
administering them (citation omitted).’’
Id. at 351.
Commenters are encouraged to
address what form any new procedures
might take, and what procedural
safeguards must be preserved to assure
that meaningful public participation
and the Commission’s decisions are
helpful to the Postal Service’s decision
making process as required by law.
V. Comment Procedures
Pursuant to 39 U.S.C. 505, Patricia
Gallagher is designated as the Public
Representative in this proceeding to
represent the interests of the general
public.
Interested persons are invited to
provide written comments and
suggestions as to how the Commission
can best fulfill its statutory obligations.
Comments are due within 60 days of the
date of publication of this notice in the
Federal Register. All comments and
suggestions received will be available
for review on the Commission’s Web
site, https://www.prc.gov. Interested
persons are further invited to review
these submissions and provide followup comments and suggestions within 30
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18APP1
23178
Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 75 / Wednesday, April 18, 2012 / Proposed Rules
additional days of the due date for
initial comments.
VI. Ordering Paragraphs
It is ordered:
1. Docket No. RM2012–4 is
established for the purpose of receiving
comments in advance of developing
regulations regarding new rules of
procedure for evaluating requests for
advisory opinions under 39 U.S.C. 3661.
2. Interested parties may submit
comments no later than 60 days from
the date of publication of this notice in
the Federal Register.
3. Reply comments may be filed no
later than 30 days from the due date for
initial comments.
4. Pursuant to 39 U.S.C. 505, Patricia
Gallagher is appointed to serve as an
officer of the Commission (Public
Representative) to represent the
interests of the general public in this
proceeding.
5. The Secretary shall arrange for
publication of this document in the
Federal Register.
By the Commission.
Shoshana M. Grove,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2012–9300 Filed 4–17–12; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7710–FW–P
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA–R03–OAR–2012–0169; FRL–9660–7]
Approval and Promulgation of Air
Quality Implementation Plans; Virginia;
Deferral for CO2 Emissions From
Bioenergy and Other Biogenic Sources
Under the Prevention of Significant
Deterioration Program
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
AGENCY:
EPA is proposing to approve
a State Implementation Plan (SIP)
revision submitted by the Virginia
Department of Environmental Quality
(VADEQ) on December 14, 2011. This
revision proposes to defer until July 21,
2014 the application of the Prevention
of Significant Deterioration (PSD)
permitting requirements to biogenic
carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from
bioenergy and other biogenic stationary
sources in the Commonwealth of
Virginia. This action is being taken
under the Clean Air Act (CAA).
DATES: Written comments must be
received on or before May 18, 2012.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments,
identified by Docket ID Number EPA–
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SUMMARY:
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16:22 Apr 17, 2012
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R03–OAR–2012–0169 by one of the
following methods:
A. www.regulations.gov. Follow the
on-line instructions for submitting
comments.
B. Email: cox.kathleen@epa.gov.
C. Mail: EPA–R03–OAR–2012–0169,
Ms. Kathleen Cox, Associate Director,
Office of Permits and Air Toxics,
Mailcode 3AP10, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Region III, 1650
Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
19103.
D. Hand Delivery: At the previouslylisted EPA Region III address. Such
deliveries are only accepted during the
Docket’s normal hours of operation, and
special arrangements should be made
for deliveries of boxed information.
Instructions: Direct your comments to
Docket ID No. EPA–R03–OAR–2012–
0169. EPA’s policy is that all comments
received will be included in the public
docket without change, and may be
made available online at www.
regulations.gov, including any personal
information provided, unless the
comment includes information claimed
to be Confidential Business Information
(CBI) or other information whose
disclosure is restricted by statute. Do
not submit information that you
consider to be CBI or otherwise
protected through www.regulations.gov
or email. The www.regulations.gov Web
site is an ‘‘anonymous access’’ system,
which means EPA will not know your
identity or contact information unless
you provide it in the body of your
comment. If you send an email
comment directly to EPA without going
through www.regulations.gov, your
email address will be automatically
captured and included as part of the
comment that is placed in the public
docket and made available on the
Internet. If you submit an electronic
comment, EPA recommends that you
include your name and other contact
information in the body of your
comment and with any disk or CD–ROM
you submit. If EPA cannot read your
comment due to technical difficulties
and cannot contact you for clarification,
EPA may not be able to consider your
comment. Electronic files should avoid
the use of special characters, any form
of encryption, and be free of any defects
or viruses.
Docket: All documents in the
electronic docket are listed in the www.
regulations.gov index. Although listed
in the index, some information is not
publicly available, i.e., CBI or other
information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute. Certain other
material, such as copyrighted material,
is not placed on the Internet and will be
publicly available only in hard copy
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form. Publicly available docket
materials are available either
electronically in www.regulations.gov or
in hard copy during normal business
hours at the Air Protection Division,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Region III, 1650 Arch Street,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103.
Copies of the State submittal are
available at the Virginia Department of
Environmental Quality, 629 East Main
Street, Richmond, Virginia 23219.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr.
David Talley, (215) 814–2117, or by
email at talley.david@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Throughout this document, whenever
‘‘we,’’ ‘‘us,’’ or ‘‘our’’ is used, we mean
EPA. On December 14, 2011, VADEQ
submitted a revision to its State
Implementation Plan (SIP) to maintain
consistency with Federal greenhouse
gas (GHG) permitting requirements
under the PSD program.
I. Background
A. The Tailoring Rule
On June 3, 2010 (effective August 2,
2010), EPA promulgated a final
rulemaking, the Tailoring Rule, for the
purpose of relieving overwhelming
permitting burdens from the regulation
of GHG’s that would, in the absence of
the rule, fall on permitting authorities
and sources (75 FR 31514). EPA
accomplished this by tailoring the
applicability criteria that determine
which GHG emission sources become
subject to the PSD program of the CAA.
In particular, EPA established in the
Tailoring Rule a phase-in approach for
PSD applicability and established the
first two steps of the phase-in for the
largest GHG-emitters.
For the first step of the Tailoring Rule,
which began on January 2, 2011, PSD
requirements apply to major stationary
source GHG emissions only if the
sources are subject to PSD anyway due
to their emissions of non-GHG
pollutants. Therefore, in the first step,
EPA did not require sources or
modifications to evaluate whether they
are subject to PSD requirements solely
on account of their GHG emissions.
Specifically, for PSD, Step 1 requires
that as of January 2, 2011, the applicable
requirements of PSD, most noticeably
the best available control technology
(BACT) requirement as defined in CAA
section 169(3), apply to projects that
increase net GHG emissions by at least
75,000 tons per year (tpy) of CO2
equivalent (CO2e), but only if the project
also significantly increases emissions of
at least one non-GHG pollutant. CO2e is
a metric used to compare the emissions
from various greenhouse gases based
E:\FR\FM\18APP1.SGM
18APP1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 77, Number 75 (Wednesday, April 18, 2012)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 23176-23178]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2012-9300]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
POSTAL REGULATORY COMMISSION
39 CFR Part 3001
[Docket No. RM2012-4; Order No. 1309]
Revisions to Procedural Rules
AGENCY: Postal Regulatory Commission.
ACTION: Advance notice of proposed rulemaking.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Commission is establishing a docket to consider proposed
changes in procedures for handling cases under 39 U.S.C. 3661. These
cases involve changes in the nature of postal services which affect
service on a nationwide or substantially nationwide basis. The
Commission invites comments from interested persons on ways to improve
and expedite its procedures, consistent with due process. Following
review of the comments, the Commission may institute a rulemaking
proceeding to consider adoption of updated procedures.
DATES: Comments Date: June 18, 2012.
Reply Comment Date: July 17, 2012.
ADDRESSES: Submit comments electronically by accessing the ``Filing
Online'' link in the banner at the top of the Commission's Web site
(https://www.prc.gov) or by directly accessing the Commission's Filing
Online system at https://www.prc.gov/prc-pages/filing-online/login.aspx. Commenters who cannot submit their views electronically
should contact the person identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
CONTACT section as the source for case-related information for advice
on alternatives to electronic filing.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Stephen L. Sharfman, General Counsel,
at 202-789-6820 (case-related information) or DocketAdmins@prc.gov
(electronic filing assistance).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Table of Contents
I. Background
II. Legal Requirements
III. Commission's Section 701 Report
IV. Commission's Authority To Modify Procedures
V. Comment Procedures
VI. Ordering Paragraphs
I. Background
The Commission is soliciting comments on its current procedures
under 39 U.S.C. 3661 for reviewing proposals by the Postal Service to
make changes in the nature of postal services. After reviewing the
comments submitted in this proceeding, the Commission may institute
rulemaking proceedings to consider the adoption of new, updated
procedures for processing nature of service cases. The goal of any such
changes would be to increase the efficiency and timely resolution of
nature of service cases while protecting the rights of all
participants, including affected mail users.
In this proceeding, the Commission welcomes comments on (1) whether
changes to the current procedures and regulations are warranted; (2) if
so, what those changes would be; and (3) such other relevant subjects
as commenters may wish to address.
Nature of service proceedings conducted pursuant to 39 U.S.C. 3661
have traditionally been referred to as ``N-cases.'' In N-cases, the
Commission issues advisory opinions on proposals by the Postal Service
for ``a change in the nature of postal services which will generally
affect service on a nationwide, or substantially nationwide basis * *
*.'' 39 U.S.C. 3661(b).
The Commission's authority to conduct N-cases was originally
established by the Postal Reorganization Act of 1970, Public Law 91-
375, August 12, 1970 (PRA). Five N-cases were initiated between the
enactment of the PRA in 1970 and the passage 36 years later of the
Postal Accountability and Enhancement Act (PAEA), Public Law 109-435,
120 Stat. 3219 (2006).\1\ In the 5 years since passage of the PAEA, the
Commission has docketed four N-cases.\2\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Docket No. N75-1, Retail Analysis for Facilities Development
Program; Docket No. N75-2, Changes in Operating Procedures Affecting
First-Class Mail and Airmail; Docket No. N86-1, Change in Service,
1986, Collect on Delivery Service; Docket No. N89-1, Change in
Service, 1989, First-Class Delivery Standards Realignment; Docket
No. N2006-1, Evolutionary Network Development Service Changes, 2006.
\2\ Docket No. N2009-1, Station and Branch Optimization and
Consolidation Initiative, 2009; Docket No. N2010-1, Six-Day to Five-
Day Street Delivery and Related Service Changes, 2010; Docket No.
N2011-1, Retail Access Optimization Initiative, 2011; Docket No.
N2012-1, Mail Processing Network Rationalization Service Changes,
2012.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The varying degrees of complexity presented by N-cases affects the
time required to issue advisory opinions. Ordinarily, cases that
present the most far-reaching implications to mailers require more
extensive procedures and a greater time between the initial filing and
the issuance of an advisory opinion by the Commission. To date, the
Commission has issued advisory opinions in three of the four N-cases
instituted since enactment of the PAEA.\3\ The length of those
proceedings ranged from a low of 5 months in Docket No. N2011-1 to a
high of 12 months in Docket No. N2010-1.\4\ The fourth post-PAEA
proceeding was filed on December 5, 2011, and remains pending.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ Docket No. N2009-1, Station and Branch Optimization and
Consolidation Initiative, 2009; Docket No. N2010-1, Six-Day to Five-
Day Street Delivery and Related Service Changes, 2010; Docket No.
N2011-1, Retail Access Optimization Initiative, 2011.
\4\ In Docket No. N2009-1, the Postal Service filed its request
on July 2, 2009, and the Commission issued its advisory opinion 8
months later on March 10, 2010. In Docket No. N2010-1, the Postal
Service filed its request on March 30, 2010, and the Commission
issued its advisory opinion nearly 12 months later on March 24,
2011. In Docket No. N2011-1, the Postal Service filed its request on
July 27, 2011, and the Commission issued its advisory opinion almost
5 months later on December 23, 2011.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Recently, the Postal Service has found itself in an extremely
challenging financial situation, and is seeking to act quickly to
remedy its financial difficulties. The Postal Service has expressed a
need for a more expeditious hearing process for N-cases in light of its
present financial situation. Thus, the Commission is soliciting
comments on the advisability of adjusting N-case procedures in ways
that allow more timely and relevant advisory opinions.
II. Legal Requirements
A. 39 U.S.C. 3661
If the Postal Service determines that a change in the nature of its
services that will affect mail users on a nationwide or substantially
nationwide basis may be called for, it must, prior to implementation,
submit a proposal to the Commission requesting an advisory opinion on
the proposed changes. 39 U.S.C. 3661(b). After the request is
submitted, the Postal Service, mail users, and an officer of the
Commission required to represent the interests of the general public
must be afforded an opportunity for a hearing on the record in
accordance with the provisions of 5
[[Page 23177]]
U.S.C. 556 and 5 U.S.C. 557. 39 U.S.C. 3661(c). Those two statutory
sections--section 556 and section 557--are part of the federal
Administrative Procedure Act. Section 556 sets forth the procedures by
which administrative agencies must conduct evidentiary hearings.
Section 557 establishes requirements for decisions issued in those
administrative hearings. At the conclusion of an N-Case proceeding, the
Commission must issue a decision in the form of a written opinion and
must include a certification by each Commissioner stating that, in the
Commissioner's judgment, the opinion conforms to the appropriate
statutory requirements. 39 U.S.C. 3661(c).
B. Current Procedural Regulations
The Commission's procedural rules implementing the requirements of
section 3661 can be found in 39 CFR 3001.71 through 3001.75. These
procedural rules were first written in 1973 and last updated nearly 20
years ago. Procedural rules of general applicability in subpart A of 39
CFR part 3001 also apply.
III. Commission's Section 701 Report
On September 22, 2011, the Commission presented an analysis to
Congress and the President discussing how the PAEA is operating and
recommending measures to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of
postal laws.\5\ In the 701 Report, the Commission recommends that
Congress consider adding statutory language allowing the Postal Service
to request expedited consideration for time-sensitive N-cases and
requiring the Postal Service to provide a written response to
Commission advisory opinions as well as submitting its response to
Congress prior to implementing such changes in service. Id. at 71-85.
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\5\ Section 701 Report Analysis of the Postal Accountability and
Enhancement Act of 2006, September 22, 2011 (701 Report). The report
draws its name from section 701 of the PAEA.
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Attached to the 701 Report was a Postal Service response to the
Commission's recommendations, including legislative changes to N-case
procedures.\6\ In its response, the Postal Service stated its
preference for a pending legislative proposal which, if adopted, would
require the Commission to issue advisory opinions on Postal Service
requests within 90 days of filing and would remove the formal hearing
requirement from N-case procedural rules.\7\ Postal Service Response to
701 Report at 24. The Postal Service reiterated the need for expedition
in handling such cases, while acknowledging that the level of
Commission analysis should be consistent with its work in other areas.
Id.
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\6\ United States Postal Service Response to Commission's Draft
Section 701 Report, September 16, 2011 (Postal Service Response to
701 Report).
\7\ The proposed legislation referred to by the Postal Service
is contained in S.1010, 112th Cong. Sec. 206. The bill discussed by
the Postal Service is one of several currently pending before
Congress.
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IV. Commission's Authority To Modify Procedures
The Commission has historically conducted N-case hearings as
formal, trial-type proceedings. The Commission recently elaborated on
this historic approach in an order denying a Postal Service request for
reconsideration of the procedural schedule in Docket No. N2012-1: \8\
\8\ Docket No. N2012-1, Order Denying Motion for Reconsideration
of Ruling Establishing Procedural Schedule, January 31, 2012 (Order
No. 1183).
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Before the Commission is permitted to issue an advisory opinion,
it is required to provide an opportunity for hearing on the record *
* *. Participants [in this proceeding have] justified requests for
hearings on the record. The Commission has procedures in place, both
by precedent and rule, to implement these [statutory] requirements,
which provide due process to all participants. The procedures are
flexible enough to accommodate various complexities of cases, and
levels of controversy, but also include procedural steps that once
triggered require somewhat rigid increments of time * * *. A
reasonable amount of time, consistent with the complexity of the
case, must be provided for each step to ensure due process.
Order No. 1183 at 2-3.
The proceedings in Docket No. N2012-1, currently under
consideration by the Commission, highlight the challenges that the
Commission can face in N-cases. In this case, the Commission has been
presented with a multifaceted proposal by the Postal Service with far-
reaching implications for mail users. Parties have urged the Commission
to permit extensive discovery and sufficient time to allow preparation
of technical rebuttal evidence. The Postal Service has emphasized its
need for expedition. The Commission has had to balance the competing
concerns for due process against the need for expedition.
In light of the increasing frequency of N-cases and their varying
degrees of complexity, it is appropriate for the Commission to re-
examine its historic practice of conducting N-cases as trial-type
proceedings, according participants extensive discovery and oral cross-
examination opportunities in all cases. The authority of regulatory
agencies like the Commission to revise their regulations to place
limits on the use of formal litigation procedures in certain types of
cases has been judicially recognized. In Citizens Awareness Network v.
U.S., 391 F.3d 338 (1st Cir. 2004), the court held that it was a valid
exercise of agency discretion for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to
expedite nuclear reactor licensing proceedings by changing its long-
standing procedural regulations to eliminate discovery and restrict
cross-examination:
The APA [Administrative Procedure Act] lays out only the most
skeletal framework for conducting agency adjudications, leaving
broad discretion to the affected agencies in formulating detailed
procedural rules (citation omitted)* * * short of constitutional
constraints, a court may not impose procedural requirements * * *
beyond those mandated by statute * * *. (Citation omitted).
Citizens Awareness at 349.
While procedures differ from agency to agency and while changes in
those procedures require careful consideration in the specific
statutory and regulatory contexts presented, the Citizens Awareness
decision supports the general proposition that agencies have
flexibility to tailor their procedures to make hearing processes more
efficient. As the court in that case recognized: ``An agency's rules,
once adopted, are not frozen in place. The opposite is true: an agency
may alter its rules in light of its accumulated experience in
administering them (citation omitted).'' Id. at 351.
Commenters are encouraged to address what form any new procedures
might take, and what procedural safeguards must be preserved to assure
that meaningful public participation and the Commission's decisions are
helpful to the Postal Service's decision making process as required by
law.
V. Comment Procedures
Pursuant to 39 U.S.C. 505, Patricia Gallagher is designated as the
Public Representative in this proceeding to represent the interests of
the general public.
Interested persons are invited to provide written comments and
suggestions as to how the Commission can best fulfill its statutory
obligations. Comments are due within 60 days of the date of publication
of this notice in the Federal Register. All comments and suggestions
received will be available for review on the Commission's Web site,
https://www.prc.gov. Interested persons are further invited to review
these submissions and provide follow-up comments and suggestions within
30
[[Page 23178]]
additional days of the due date for initial comments.
VI. Ordering Paragraphs
It is ordered:
1. Docket No. RM2012-4 is established for the purpose of receiving
comments in advance of developing regulations regarding new rules of
procedure for evaluating requests for advisory opinions under 39 U.S.C.
3661.
2. Interested parties may submit comments no later than 60 days
from the date of publication of this notice in the Federal Register.
3. Reply comments may be filed no later than 30 days from the due
date for initial comments.
4. Pursuant to 39 U.S.C. 505, Patricia Gallagher is appointed to
serve as an officer of the Commission (Public Representative) to
represent the interests of the general public in this proceeding.
5. The Secretary shall arrange for publication of this document in
the Federal Register.
By the Commission.
Shoshana M. Grove,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2012-9300 Filed 4-17-12; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7710-FW-P