Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Atlantic Mackerel, Squid, and Butterfish Fisheries; Specifications and Management Measures, 66260-66268 [2011-27726]

Agencies

• DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

[Federal Register Volume 76, Number 207 (Wednesday, October 26, 2011)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 66260-66268]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2011-27726]


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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

50 CFR Part 648

[Docket No. 110707371-1617-01]
RIN 0648-BB28


Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Atlantic Mackerel, 
Squid, and Butterfish Fisheries; Specifications and Management Measures

AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce.

ACTION: Proposed rule, request for comments.

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SUMMARY: NMFS proposes 2012 specifications and management measures for 
Atlantic mackerel and butterfish, and 2012-2014 specifications for 
Illex and longfin squid. This is the first year that the specifications 
are being recommended for Atlantic mackerel and butterfish under the 
provisions of the Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council's (Council) 
Annual Catch Limit and Accountability Measure Omnibus Amendment 
(Omnibus Amendment). The two squid species are exempt from these 
requirements because they have a life cycle of less than 1 year. This 
action also proposes to adjust the closure threshold for the commercial 
mackerel fishery to 95 percent (from 90 percent), to allow the use of 
jigging gear to target longfin squid if the longfin squid fishery is 
closed due to the butterfish mortality cap, and to require a 3-inch 
(76-mm) minimum codend mesh size in order to possess more than 2,000 lb 
(0.9 mt) of butterfish (up from 1,000 lb (0.45mt)). Finally, this rule 
proposes minor corrections in existing regulatory text intended to 
clarify the intent of the regulations. These proposed specifications 
and management measures promote the utilization and conservation of the 
Atlantic Mackerel, Squid, and Butterfish (MSB) resource.

DATES: Public comments must be received no later than 5 p.m., eastern 
standard time, on November 25, 2011.

ADDRESSES: Copies of supporting documents used by the Mid-Atlantic 
Fishery Management Council (Council), including the Environmental 
Assessment (EA) and Regulatory Impact Review (RIR)/Initial Regulatory 
Flexibility Analysis (IRFA), are available from: Dr. Christopher M. 
Moore, Executive Director, Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council, 
Suite 201,

[[Page 66261]]

800 N. State Street, Dover, DE 19901. The EA/RIR/IRFA is accessible via 
the Internet at https://www.nero.noaa.gov.
    You may submit comments, identified by NOAA-NMFS-2011-0245, by any 
one of the following methods:
     Electronic Submission: Submit all electronic public 
comments via the Federal e-Rulemaking Portal https://www.regulations.gov. To submit comments via the e-Rulemaking Portal, 
first click the ``submit a comment'' icon, then enter NOAA-NMFS-2011-
0245 in the keyword search. Locate the document you wish to comment on 
from the resulting list and click on the ``Submit a Comment'' icon on 
the right of that line.
     Mail: To NMFS, Northeast Regional Office, 55 Great 
Republic Dr, Gloucester, MA 01930. Mark the outside of the envelope 
``Comments on 2012 MSB Specifications.''
     Fax: (978) 281-9135, Attn: Aja Szumylo.
    Instructions: Comments must be submitted by one of the above 
methods to ensure that the comments are received, documented, and 
considered by NMFS. Comments sent by any other method, to any other 
address or individual, or received after the end of the comment period, 
may not be considered. All comments received are a part of the public 
record and will generally be posted for public viewing on 
http:www.regulations.gov without change. All personal identifying 
information (e.g., name, address, etc.) submitted voluntarily by the 
sender will be publicly accessible. Do not submit confidential business 
information, or otherwise sensitive or protected information. NMFS will 
accept anonymous comments (enter ``N/A'' in the required fields if you 
wish to remain anonymous). Attachments to electronic comments will be 
accepted in Microsoft Word or Excel, WordPerfect, or Adobe PDF file 
formats only.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Aja Szumylo, Fishery Policy Analyst, 
978-281-9195, fax 978-281-9135.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    Specifications, as referred to in this proposed rule, are the 
combined suite of commercial and recreational catch levels established 
for one or more fishing years. The specification process also allows 
for the modification of a select number of management measures, such as 
closure thresholds, gear restrictions, and possession limits. The 
Council's process for establishing specifications relies on provisions 
within the Fishery Management Plan (FMP) and its implementing 
regulations, as well as requirements established by the Magnuson-
Stevens Act. Specifically, section 302(g)(1)(B) of the Magnuson-Stevens 
Act states that the Scientific and Statistical Committee (SSC) for each 
Regional Fishery Management Council shall provide its Council ongoing 
scientific advice for fishery management decisions, including 
recommendations for acceptable biological catch (ABC), preventing 
overfishing, maximum sustainable yield, and achieving rebuilding 
targets. The ABC is a level of catch that accounts for the scientific 
uncertainty in the estimate of the stock's defined overfishing level 
(OFL). The Council's SSC met on May 26 and 27, 2011, to recommend ABCs 
for the 2012 Atlantic mackerel (mackerel) and butterfish 
specifications, and the 2012-2014 Illex and longfin squid 
specifications.
    The FMP's implementing regulations require the involvement of a 
monitoring committee in the specification process for each species. 
Since the Magnuson-Stevens Act requirements for the SSC to recommend 
ABC became effective, the monitoring committees' role has largely been 
to recommend any reduction in catch limits from the SSC-recommended 
ABCs to offset management uncertainty, and to recommend other 
management measures (e.g., gear and/or possession restrictions) needed 
for the efficient management of the fishery. The MSB Monitoring 
Committee met on May 27, 2011, to discuss specification related 
recommendations for the 2012 mackerel and butterfish fisheries, and the 
2012-2014 Illex and longfin squid fisheries.
    Following the meetings described above, the Council considered the 
recommendations of the SSC, the Monitoring Committee, and public 
comments at its June 14-16, 2011, meeting in Port Jefferson, NY, and 
made their specification recommendations. The Council submitted these 
recommendations, along with the required analyses, for agency review on 
August 9, 2011, with final submission on September 15, 2011. NMFS must 
review the Council's recommendations to assure that they comply with 
the FMP and applicable law, and conduct notice-and-comment rulemaking 
to propose and implement the final recommendations.
    The structure of specifications for the mackerel and butterfish 
fisheries was revised by the Council's recently finalized regulations 
implementing the Omnibus Amendment (76 FR 60606, September 29, 2011), 
which established annual catch limit (ACL) and accountability measure 
(AM) provisions for all of the Council's FMPs. Following the 
specification of ABC, the revised regulations at Sec.  648.22 require 
the specification of ACLs, which, if exceeded, require payback 
deductions from the subsequent year's catch limit. In order to avoid 
ACL overages, and the associated paybacks when ACLs are exceeded, the 
regulations also require the specification of annual catch targets 
(ACTs) to provide a buffer for management. Several specifications, 
including domestic annual harvest (DAH), domestic annual processing 
(DAP), total allowable level of foreign fishing (TALFF), and joint 
venture processing for mackerel (JVP), were previously required in the 
implementing regulations for the FMP, and remain unchanged by the 
Omnibus Amendment.
    For mackerel, the Omnibus Amendment and Amendment 11 to the MSB FMP 
(approved on September 30, 2011) created distinct allocations for the 
commercial and recreational mackerel fisheries. The revised mackerel 
regulations require the specification of ACTs for both the commercial 
and recreational mackerel fisheries. For butterfish, the regulations 
require specification of the mortality cap on the longfin squid 
fishery.
    The regulations governing specifications for Illex and longfin 
squid are largely unchanged; both squid species are exempt from ACL/AM 
requirements because they have a life cycle of less than 1 year. For 
both squid species, regulations at Sec.  648.22 require the 
specification of ABC, initial optimum yield (IOY), DAH, and DAP.

  Table 1--Proposed Specifications, in Metric Tons (mt), for Mackerel and Butterfish for the 2012 Fishing Year,
                         and for Illex and Longfin Squid for the 2012-2014 Fishing Years
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Specifications                Mackerel           Butterfish             Illex             Longfin
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OFL..............................  Unknown             Unknown             Unknown             Unknown
ABC..............................  43,781              3,622               24,000              23,400
ACL..............................  43,781              3,622               N/A                 N/A

[[Page 66262]]

 
Commercial ACT...................  34,907              3,260               N/A                 N/A
Recreational ACT/RHL.............  2,443               N/A                 N/A                 N/A
IOY..............................  N/A                 N/A                 22,915              22,445
DAH/DAP..........................  33,821              1,087               22,915              22,445
JVP..............................  0                   N/A                 N/A                 N/A
TALFF............................  0                   0                   N/A                 N/A
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Research Set-Aside

    The Mid-Atlantic Research Set-Aside (RSA) Program allows research 
projects to be funded through the sale of fish that has been set aside 
from the total annual quota. The RSA may vary between 0 and 3 percent 
of the overall quota for each species. The Council has recommended that 
up to 3 percent of the total ACL for mackerel and butterfish, and up to 
3 percent of the IOY for Illex and longfin squid, may be set aside to 
fund projects selected under the 2012 Mid-Atlantic RSA Program. NMFS 
solicited research proposals under the 2012 Mid-Atlantic RSA Program 
through a Federal Funding Opportunity announcement that published on 
January 6, 2011. The project selection and award process for the 2012 
Mid-Atlantic RSA Program has not concluded. However, three projects 
have been preliminarily selected for approval by the Northeast 
Fisheries Science Center. These projects have collectively requested 
250,580 lb (113,681 kg) of longfin squid, 200,000 lb (90,718 kg) of 
butterfish, 689,932 lb (312,948 kg) of summer flounder, 509,160 lb 
(230,951 kg) of scup, 184,280 lb (83,588 kg) of black sea bass, and 
200,000 lb (90,718 kg) of bluefish. Project awards are pending a review 
by the NOAA Grants Office. If any portion of the MSB RSA is not 
awarded, NMFS will return it to the general fishery either through the 
final 2012 MSB specification rulemaking process or through the 
publication of a separate notice in the Federal Register notifying the 
public of a quota adjustment.
    These proposed specifications include a brief description of the 
preliminarily selected 2012 Mid-Atlantic RSA projects, including a 
description of applicable MSB exemptions that will likely be required 
to conduct the proposed research and compensation fishing. The 
Magnuson-Stevens Act requires that interested parties be provided an 
opportunity to comment on all proposed exempted fishing permits (EFPs).
    Vessels harvesting RSA quota in support of approved research 
projects would be issued EFPs authorizing them to exceed Federal 
possession limits and to fish during Federal quota closures. With 
respect to the MSB FMP, such regulations include closure regulations at 
Sec.  648.24 and possession restrictions at Sec.  648.26. These 
exemptions are necessary to allow project investigators to recover 
research expenses, as well as adequately compensate fishing industry 
participants harvesting RSA. Vessels harvesting RSA would operate 
within all other regulations that govern the commercial fishery, unless 
otherwise exempted through a separate EFP. Vessels conducting 
compensation fishing would harvest RSA quota during the fishing year 
from January 1-December 31, 2012.
    Project #1: The proposed project is the continuation of a scup 
survey of 10 hard-bottom sites in Southern New England (SNE) that are 
not sampled by current state and Federal finfish trawl surveys. 
Unvented fish pots will be fished on each site from June through 
October in coastal waters of Nantucket Sound, Martha's Vineyard Sound, 
and Buzzard's Bay, MA, and Rhode Island Sound, RI. The length frequency 
distribution of the catch will be compared statistically to each of the 
other collection sites, and to finfish trawl data collected by the NMFS 
and state agencies to gain greater understanding of the scup stock 
structure. Vessels conducting research would not require any exemptions 
from regulations implemented under the MSB FMP. Vessels harvesting RSA 
quota would require the aforementioned closure and possession limit 
exemptions to facilitate compensation fishing activities.
    Project #2: The proposed project is a black sea bass survey of 
sites in SNE and Mid[hyphen]Atlantic waters. Unvented black sea bass 
pots will be fished on each site, which will include one in 
Massachusetts, one south of Rhode Island, one south of New Jersey, and 
one south of Virginia, for 5 months from June through October in SNE, 
and April through August in the Mid[hyphen]Atlantic. The project is 
designed to collect black sea bass from sites that are 
un[hyphen]sampled by current state and Federal finfish bottom trawl 
surveys. The length frequency distribution of the catch will be 
compared to each of the other collection sites, and to finfish trawl 
data collected by NMFS and state agencies to gain greater understanding 
of the black sea bass stock structure. Vessels conducting research 
would not require any exemptions from regulations implemented under the 
MSB FMP. Vessels harvesting RSA quota would require the aforementioned 
closure and possession limit exemptions to facilitate compensation 
fishing activities.
    Project #3: The proposed project would continue a spring and fall 
trawl survey in shallow waters between Martha's Vineyard, MA, and Cape 
Hatteras, NC, that are not sampled by the NMFS trawl survey. The 
project investigators plan to provide stock assessment data for Mid-
Atlantic RSA species, including summer flounder, scup, black sea bass, 
longfin squid, butterfish, and Atlantic bluefish, and assessment-
quality data for weakfish, Atlantic croaker, spot, several skate and 
ray species, smooth dogfish, horseshoe crab, and several unmanaged but 
important forage species. Vessels conducting this near-shore trawl 
survey would not require any exemptions from regulations implemented 
under the MSB FMP. Vessels harvesting RSA quota would require the 
aforementioned closure and possession limit exemptions to facilitate 
compensation fishing activities.

2012 Proposed Specifications and Management Measures for Mackerel and 
Butterfish

Atlantic Mackerel

    The status of the mackerel stock was assessed by the Transboundary 
Resources Assessment Committee (TRAC) in March 2010. The 2010 TRAC 
Status Report indicated reduced productivity in the stock and a lack of 
older fish in both the survey and catch data; however, the status of 
the mackerel stock is unknown because biomass reference points could 
not be determined. According to the FMP, mackerel ABC must be 
calculated using

[[Page 66263]]

the formula U.S. ABC = Stock-wide ABC - C, where C is the estimated 
catch of mackerel in Canadian waters for the upcoming fishing year. Due 
to uncertainty in the assessment, the TRAC recommended that total 
annual catches not exceed 80,000 mt (average total U.S. and Canadian 
landings from 2006-2008) until new information is available. The SSC 
recommended specifying the stock-wide ABC for 2012 at 80,000 mt, 
consistent with the TRAC recommendation. The Council recommended a U.S. 
ABC of 43,781 mt (80,000 mt - 36,219 mt (estimated 2012 Canadian 
catch)).
    Consistent with MSB Amendment 11, the Council recommended a 
recreational allocation of 2,714 mt (6.2 percent of the U.S. ABC). The 
proposed Recreational ACT of 2,443 mt (90 percent of 2,714 mt) is 
reduced to account for low precision and time lag of recreational catch 
estimates, as well as lack of recreational discard estimates. The 
Recreational ACT is equal to the Recreational Harvest Limit (RHL), 
which would be the effective cap on recreational catch.
    For the commercial mackerel fishery, the Council recommended a 
commercial fishery allocation of 41,067 mt (93.8 percent of the U.S. 
ABC, the portion of the ACL that was not allocated to the recreational 
fishery). The recommended Commercial ACT of 34,907 mt (85 percent of 
41,067) is reduced to address uncertainty in estimated 2012 Canadian 
landings, uncertainty in discard estimates, and possible misreporting. 
The Commercial ACT would be further reduced by a discard rate of 3.11 
percent (mean plus one standard deviation of discards from 1999-2008), 
to arrive at the proposed DAH of 33,821 mt. The DAH would be the 
effective cap on commercial catch, as it has been in past 
specifications.
    Consistent with the Council's recommendation, NMFS proposes 
mackerel specifications that would set the U.S. ABC/ACL at 43,781 mt, 
the Commercial ACT at 34,907 mt, the DAH and DAP at 33,821 mt, and the 
Recreational ACT at 2,443 mt.
    Additionally, as recommended by the Council, NMFS proposes to 
maintain JVP at zero (the most recent allocation was 5,000 mt of JVP in 
2004). In the past, the Council recommended a JVP greater than zero 
because it believed U.S. processors lacked the ability to process the 
total amount of mackerel that U.S. harvesters could land. However, for 
the past 8 years, the Council has recommended zero JVP because U.S. 
shoreside processing capacity for mackerel has expanded. The Council 
concluded that processing capacity was no longer a limiting factor 
relative to domestic production of mackerel.
    The Magnuson-Stevens Act provides that the specification of TALFF, 
if any, shall be the portion of the optimum yield (OY) of a fishery 
that will not be harvested by U.S. vessels. TALFF would allow foreign 
vessels to harvest U.S. fish and sell their product on the world 
market, in direct competition with U.S. industry efforts to expand 
exports. While a surplus existed between ABC and the mackerel fleet's 
harvesting capacity for many years, that surplus has disappeared due to 
downward adjustments of the specifications in recent years. Based on 
analysis and a review of the state of the world mackerel market and 
possible increases in U.S. production levels, the Council concluded 
that specifying a DAH/DAP resulting in zero TALFF will yield positive 
social and economic benefits to both U.S. harvesters and processors, 
and to the Nation. For these reasons, consistent with the Council's 
recommendation, NMFS proposes to specify DAH at a level that can be 
fully harvested by the domestic fleet, thereby precluding the 
specification of a TALFF, in order to support the U.S. mackerel 
industry. NMFS concurs that it is reasonable to assume that in 2012 the 
commercial fishery has the ability to harvest 33,821 mt of mackerel.
    Finally, this rule proposes that the commercial fishery be closed 
at 95 percent of the DAH, as recommended by the Council. The current 
closure threshold of 90 percent of the DAH was designed to accommodate 
misreporting in the commercial fishery, and the lack of a distinct 
allocation for the recreational fishery. A 95-percent closure threshold 
should be sufficient to prevent overages, given that a recreational 
allocation is now required by the FMP.

Butterfish

    The current status of the butterfish stock is unknown because 
biomass reference points could not be determined in the SAW 49 
assessment (February 2010). Though the butterfish population appears to 
be declining over time, fishing mortality does not seem to be the major 
cause. Butterfish have a high natural mortality rate, and the current 
estimated fishing mortality (F = 0.02) is well below all candidate 
overfishing threshold reference points. The assessment report noted 
that predation is likely an important component of the butterfish 
natural mortality rate (currently assumed to be 0.8), but also noted 
that estimates of consumption of butterfish by predators appear to be 
very low. In short, the underlying causes for population decline are 
unknown.
    The SSC recommended an ABC of 3,622 mt (100 percent increase from 
2011) because butterfish survey indices appear stable or increasing, 
there have been anecdotal observations of increased butterfish 
abundance, and fishing mortality appears low when compared to natural 
mortality.
    The Council recommended setting the butterfish ACL equal to the 
ABC, and establishing a 10-percent buffer between ACL and ACT for 
management uncertainty, which would result in an ACT of 3,260 mt. Since 
discards have been roughly \2/3\ of catch (1999-2008 average), the 
Council recommended setting the DAH and DAP at 1,087 mt (3,260 mt-2,173 
mt discards). Butterfish TALFF is only specified to address bycatch by 
foreign fleets targeting mackerel TALFF. Because there is no mackerel 
TALFF, butterfish TALFF would also be set at zero.
    The Council recommended setting the butterfish mortality cap on the 
longfin squid fishery at 2,445 mt (75 percent of 3,260 mt). If the 
butterfish mortality cap is harvested during Trimester I (January-
April) or Trimester III (September-December), the directed longfin 
squid fishery will close for the remainder of that trimester.
    NMFS proposes specifications, consistent with the Council's 
recommendation, that would set the butterfish ABC/ACL at 3,622 mt, the 
ACT at 3,260 mt, the DAH and DAP at 1,087 mt, and the butterfish 
mortality cap on the longfin squid fishery at 2,445 mt. Additionally, 
consistent with MSB regulations, NMFS is proposing zero TALFF for 
butterfish in 2010 because mackerel TALFF is also specified at zero. 
Consistent with 2011, NMFS proposes that the 2012 butterfish mortality 
cap be allocated by Trimester as follows:

  Table 2--Proposed Trimester Allocation of Butterfish Mortality Cap on
                   the Longfin Squid Fishery for 2012
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Trimester                      Percent   Metric  tons
------------------------------------------------------------------------
I (Jan-Apr)...................................        65        1,589.25
II (May-Aug)..................................         3.3         80.69
III (Sep-Dec).................................        31.7        775.06
                                               -------------------------
    Total.....................................       100        2,445
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Finally, the Council recommended, and NMFS proposes, that a 3-inch 
(76-mm) minimum codend mesh size requirement apply for vessels

[[Page 66264]]

possessing 2,000 lb (0.9 mt) or more of butterfish (up from 1,000 lb 
(0.45 mt) in 2011) in order to allow some portion of butterfish 
discards to be landed.

2012-2014 Proposed Specifications and Management Measures for Illex 
Squid and Longfin Squid

Illex Squid

    The Illex stock was most recently assessed at SARC 42 in late 2005. 
While it was not possible to evaluate current stock status because 
there are no reliable current estimates of stock biomass or F, 
qualitative analyses determined that overfishing had not likely been 
occurring. The SSC recommended the status quo ABC of 24,000 mt based on 
observations that catches in this range, and up to 26,000 mt, have not 
caused any apparent harm to the stock.
    The Council recommended that the ABC be reduced by a revised 
discard rate of 4.52 percent (the mean plus one standard deviation of 
the most recent 10 years of observed discards), which results in an 
IOY, DAH, and DAP for recommendation of 22,915 mt for the 2012-2014 
fishing years.
    Consistent with the Council's recommendation, NMFS proposes to 
specify the Illex ABC as 24,000 mt, and to specify IOY, DAH, and DAP as 
22,915 mt for the 2012-2014 fishing years. The FMP does not authorize 
the specification of JVP and TALFF for the Illex fishery because of the 
domestic fishing industry's capacity to harvest and to process the OY 
from this fishery.

Longfin Squid

    The 51st Northeast Regional Stock Assessment Workshop (SAW 51), 
published in January 2011, found that the longfin squid stock is not 
overfished, but that the overfishing status is unknown. The SSC used 
the updated stock assessment information to recommend an ABC of 23,400 
mt for the 2012-2014 fishing years, subject to annual review. This 
recommendation corresponds to catch in the year with the highest 
observed exploitation fraction (catch divided by estimated biomass) 
during a period of light exploitation (1976-2009). The SSC interpreted 
this level of exploitation to be sustainable over the long term.
    The Council recommended that the ABC be reduced by a revised 
discard rate of 4.08 percent (mean plus one standard deviation of the 
most recent 10 years of observed discards), which results in an IOY, 
DAH, and DAP for recommendation of 22,445 mt for the 2012-2014 fishing 
years.
    NMFS concurs with the Council's recommendation; therefore, this 
action proposes an ABC of 23,400 mt, and an IOY, DAH, and DAP of 22,445 
mt for the 2012-2014 fishing years. The FMP does not authorize the 
specification of JVP and TALFF for the longfin squid fishery because of 
the domestic industry's capacity to harvest and process the OY for this 
fishery.
Distribution of the Longfin DAH
    The proposed 2012-2014 longfin DAH would be allocated into 
trimesters, according to percentages specified in the FMP, as follows:

  Table 3--Proposed Trimester Allocation of Longfin Quota for 2012-2014
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                 Metric
                     Trimester                       Percent      tons
------------------------------------------------------------------------
I (Jan-Apr).......................................         43      9,651
II (May-Aug)......................................         17      3,816
III (Sep-Dec).....................................         40      8,978
                                                   ---------------------
    Total.........................................        100     22,445
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Longfin Squid Jigging Exemption
    The Council recommended, and NMFS proposes, to allow Longfin Squid/
Butterfish moratorium permit holders to possess longfin squid in excess 
of the 2,500-lb (0.93-mt) possession limit during any closures of the 
longfin squid fishery resulting from the butterfish mortality cap, 
provided that all trawl gear is appropriately stowed. The butterfish 
mortality cap was designed to limit butterfish bycatch in the longfin 
squid trawl fishery, and jigging for squid is not expected to result in 
substantial butterfish bycatch.

Corrections

    This proposed rule also contains minor corrections to existing 
regulations. The corrections would not change the intent of any 
regulations; they would only clarify the intent of existing regulations 
by correcting technical errors. The proposed regulatory text 
restructures Sec.  648.23(a). In addition, the Illex fishery gear 
exemption in Sec.  648.23(a) (formerly at Sec.  648.23(a)(3)(ii)) would 
be revised to clarify the timing of the exemption, and to match the 
stated gear requirements to those implemented for the longfin squid 
fishery through Amendment 10 to the MSB FMP. Finally, longfin squid was 
previously referred to as Loligo squid. Due to a recent change in the 
scientific name of longfin squid from Loligo pealeii to Doryteuthis 
(Amerigo) pealeii, the Council will now use the common name ``longfin 
squid'' in all official documents to avoid confusion. Accordingly, the 
regulatory text is amended to replace all references to ``Loligo'' 
squid with the term ``longfin squid.''

Classification

    Pursuant to section 304(b)(1)(A) of the Magnuson-Stevens Act, the 
NMFS Assistant Administrator has determined that this proposed rule is 
consistent with the Atlantic Mackerel, Squid, and Butterfish FMP, other 
provision of the Magnuson-Stevens Act, and other applicable law, 
subject to further consideration after public comment.
    This proposed rule has been determined to be not significant for 
purposes of Executive Order 12866.
    The Council prepared an IRFA, as required by section 603 of the 
Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA). The IRFA describes the economic 
impact this proposed rule, if adopted, would have on small entities. A 
summary of the analysis follows. A copy of this analysis is available 
from the Council or NMFS (see ADDRESSES) or via the Internet at https://www.nero.noaa.gov.

Statement of Objective and Need

    This action proposes 2012 specifications for mackerel and 
butterfish, and 2012-2014 specifications for Illex and longfin squid. 
It also proposes to modify the closure threshold for the commercial 
mackerel fishery, to adjust the gear requirements for the butterfish 
fishery, to create an exemption for the use of jigs, should the longfin 
squid fishery be closed due to reaching the butterfish mortality cap. A 
complete description of the reasons why this action is being 
considered, and the objectives of and legal basis for this action, are 
contained in the preamble to this proposed rule and are not repeated 
here.

Description and Estimate of Number of Small Entities To Which the Rule 
Will Apply

    Based on permit data for 2011, the numbers of potential fishing 
vessels in the 2012 fisheries are as follows: 351 Longfin squid/
butterfish moratorium permits; 76 Illex moratorium permits; 2,201 
mackerel permits; 1,904 incidental squid/butterfish permits; and 831 
MSB party/charter permits. Small businesses operating in commercial and 
recreational (i.e., party and charter vessel operations) fisheries have 
been defined by the Small Business Administration as firms with gross 
revenues of up to $4.0 and $6.5 million, respectively. There are no 
large entities participating in this fishery, as that term is defined 
in section 601 of the RFA. Therefore, there are no disproportionate 
economic impacts on small entities.

[[Page 66265]]

Many vessels participate in more than one of these fisheries; 
therefore, permit numbers are not additive.

Description of Projected Reporting, Recordkeeping, and Other Compliance 
Requirements

    There are no new reporting or record keeping requirements contained 
in any of the alternatives considered for this action. In addition, 
there are no Federal rules that duplicate, overlap, or conflict with 
this proposed rule.

Minimizing Significant Economic Impacts on Small Entities

Proposed Actions

    The recently finalized Omnibus Amendment, which applies to mackerel 
and butterfish, changes the structure of specifications compared to 
that used in past years. In order to facilitate comparison of 
alternatives, the discussions of mackerel and butterfish specifications 
below will focus on the effective limit on directed harvest, regardless 
of the terminology used for the specification. The specifications and 
terminology for Illex and longfin squid are unchanged from those used 
in 2011.
    The mackerel commercial DAH proposed in this action (33,821 mt) 
represents a reduction from status quo (2011 DAH = 46,779 mt). Despite 
the reduction, the proposed DAH is above recent U.S. landings; mackerel 
landings for 2008-2010 averaged 18,830 mt. Thus, the reduction does not 
pose a constraint to vessels relative to the landings in recent years. 
In 2011, there was a soft allocation of 15,000 mt of the mackerel DAH 
for the recreational mackerel fishery. The Omnibus Amendment and MSB 
Amendment 11 established an explicit allocation for the recreational 
fishery, and this action proposes a Recreational ACT/RHL of 2,443 mt. 
Because recreational harvest from 2008-2010 averaged 738 mt, it does 
not appear that the new, explicit allocation for the recreational 
fishery will constrain recreational harvest. Overall, the proposed 
action is not expected to result in any reductions in revenues for 
vessels that participate in either the commercial or recreational 
mackerel fisheries.
    The proposed change to the mackerel closure threshold, which would 
require the closure of the commercial mackerel fishery at 95 percent of 
the DAH, is a preventative measure intended to ensure that the 
commercial catch limit is not exceeded. The economic burden on fishery 
participants associated with this measure is expected to be minimal.
    The butterfish DAH proposed in this action (1,087 mt) represents a 
117-percent increase over the 2011 DAH (500 mt). Due to market 
conditions, there has not been a directed butterfish fishery in recent 
years; therefore, recent landings have been low. The proposed increase 
in the DAH has the potential to increase revenue for permitted vessels.
    The proposed adjustment to the gear requirement for the butterfish 
fishery, which would require vessels possessing 2,000 lb (0.9 mt) or 
more of butterfish to fish with a 3-inch (76-mm) minimum codend mesh, 
is expected to result in a modest increase in revenue for fishery 
participants. This adjustment would enable additional retention of 
butterfish by vessels using small-mesh fishing gear. Previously, the 
mesh size requirement applied to vessels possessing 1,000 lb (0.45 mt) 
or more of butterfish.
    The Illex IOY (22,915 mt) proposed in this action represents a 
slight decrease compared to status quo (23,328 mt). Though annual Illex 
landings have totaled over \2/3\ of the IOY in the past 3 years (15,900 
mt for 2008, 18,419 mt for 2009, and 15,825 for 2010), the landings 
were lower than the level being proposed. Thus, implementation of this 
proposed action should not result in a reduction in revenue or a 
constraint on expansion of the fishery in 2012.
    The longfin squid IOY (22,445 mt) represents an increase from the 
status quo (20,000 mt). Because longfin squid landings from 2008-2010 
averaged 9,182 mt, the proposed IOY provides an opportunity to increase 
landings, though if recent trends of low landings continue, there may 
be no increase in landings despite the increase in the allocation. No 
reductions in revenues for the longfin squid fishery are expected as a 
result of this proposed action.
    As discussed in the Final Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (FRFA) 
for MSB Amendment 10, the butterfish mortality cap has a potential for 
economic impact on fishery participants. The longfin squid fishery will 
close during Trimesters I and III if the butterfish mortality cap is 
reached. If the longfin squid fishery is closed in response to 
butterfish catch before the entire longfin squid quota is harvested, 
then a loss in revenue is possible. The potential for longfin squid 
revenue loss is dependent upon the size of the butterfish mortality 
cap. The proposed 2012 butterfish mortality cap of 2,445 mt represents 
a 70-percent increase over status quo (1,436 mt). The 2011 butterfish 
mortality cap did not result in a closure of the longfin squid fishery 
in Trimester I. At the start of Trimester III, over 55 percent of the 
butterfish mortality cap (compared to 31.7 percent allocated at the 
start of the fishing year) was available for the longfin squid fishery 
for the duration of the fishing year. Though a majority of the cap is 
still available, it could still result in a closure of the longfin 
squid fishery late in the fishing year. Nonetheless, given that the 
lower cap has not yet constrained the longfin squid fishery, it is 
reasonable to expect that the proposed increase to the cap will also 
not constrain the longfin squid fishery. For that reason, additional 
revenue losses are not expected as a result of this proposed action.
    The proposed jigging measure would allow Longfin Squid/Butterfish 
moratorium permit holders to possess longfin squid in excess of the 
possession limit during any closures of the longfin squid fishery 
resulting from the butterfish mortality cap. Jigging for longfin squid 
has been shown to be commercially infeasible. However, because 
butterfish bycatch in jig gear is expected to be very minimal, it seems 
reasonable to allow jig fishing for squid. If attempts to use jig gear 
for commercial longfin squid fishing are successful, the use of this 
gear could help mitigate economic impacts on fishery participants if 
the longfin squid fishery is closed due to the mortality cap.

Alternatives to the Proposed Rule

    The Council analysis evaluated four alternatives to the proposed 
specifications for mackerel. The first (status quo) and second non-
selected alternatives were based on the specifications structure that 
existed prior to the implementation of the Omnibus Amendment, and were 
not selected because they are no longer in compliance with the MSB FMP. 
The other alternatives differ in their specification of the stockwide 
ABC (80,000 mt in the preferred alternative). The same amount of 
expected Canadian catch (36,219 mt) was subtracted from the stockwide 
ABC in each alternative. The third alternative (least restrictive) 
would set the U.S. ABC and ACL at 63,781 mt (100,000 mt stockwide ABC 
minus 36,219 mt Canadian catch), the Commercial ACT at 50,853 mt, the 
DAH and DAP at 49,271 mt, and the Recreational ACT at 3,559 mt. The 
fourth alternative (most restrictive) would set the U.S. ABC and ACL at 
23,781 mt (60,000 mt stockwide ABC minus 36,219 mt Canadian catch), the 
Commercial ACT at 18,961 mt, the DAH and DAP at 18,371 mt, and the 
Recreational ACT at 1,327 mt. These two alternatives were not selected 
because they were all inconsistent with the ABC recommended by the SSC.

[[Page 66266]]

    The status quo closure threshold for the commercial mackerel 
fishery (90 percent) was considered overly precautionary when compared 
to the proposed closure threshold (95 percent). The status quo closure 
threshold, which was designed in part because there was no distinct 
allocation for the recreational mackerel fishery, is no longer 
considered appropriate.
    There were four alternatives to the preferred action for butterfish 
that were not selected by the Council. The first (status quo) and 
second non-selected were based on the specifications structure that 
existed prior to the implementation of the Omnibus Amendment, and were 
not selected because they are no longer in compliance with the MSB FMP. 
The third alternative (least restrictive) would have set the ABC and 
ACL at 4,528 mt, the ACT at 4,075 mt, the DAH and DAP at 1,358 mt, and 
the butterfish mortality cap at 3,056 mt. The fourth alternative (most 
restrictive) would have set the ABC and ACL at 2,717 mt, the ACT at 
2,445 mt, the DAH and DAP at 815 mt, and the butterfish mortality cap 
at 1,834 mt. These two alternatives were not selected because they were 
all inconsistent with the ABC recommended by the SSC.
    There were two alternatives regarding proposed adjustment to the 
butterfish gear requirement. The status quo alternative requires 
vessels possessing 1,000 lb (0.45 mt) or more of butterfish to fish 
with a 3-inch (76-mm) minimum codend mesh. The preferred alternative 
(3-inch (76-mm) mesh to possess 2,000 lb (0.9 mt)) is expected to 
create some additional revenue in the form of butterfish landings for 
vessels using mesh sizes smaller than 3 inches (76 mm).
    Three alternatives to the preferred action were considered for 
Illex, but were not selected by the Council. All alternatives would 
establish specifications for the 2012-2014 fishing years. The first 
alternative (status quo), shared the same 24,000-mt ABC as the proposed 
action. However, a discard rate of 2.8 percent was deducted to reach an 
IOY, DAH, and DAP at 23,328 mt rather than the 22,915 mt specified in 
this proposed action. The Council did not select the status quo 
alternative because it found the updated discard rate of 4.52 percent 
to be a more appropriate representation of discards in the Illex 
fishery. The second alternative (least restrictive) would have set ABC 
at 30,000 mt, and IOY, DAH, and DAP at 28,644 mt (ABC reduced by 4.52 
percent for discards). This alternative was not selected because the 
higher specifications were inconsistent with the results of the most 
recent stock assessment. The third alternative (most restrictive) would 
have set ABC at 18,000 mt, and IOY, DAH, and DAP at 17,186 mt (ABC 
reduced by 4.52 percent for discards). The Council considered this 
alternative unnecessarily restrictive.
    There were three alternatives to the proposed action evaluated for 
longfin squid. All alternatives would establish specifications for the 
2012-2014 fishing years. The first alternative (status quo) would have 
set the ABC at 24,000 mt, and the IOY, DAH and DAP at 20,000 mt. The 
second alternative (least restrictive) would have set the ABC at 29,250 
mt, and the IOY, DAH, and DAP at 28,057 mt (ABC reduced by 4.08 percent 
for discards). The third alternative (most restrictive) would have set 
the ABC at 17,550 mt, and the IOY, DAH and DAP at 16,834 mt (ABC 
reduced by 4.08 percent for discards). These three alternatives were 
not selected because they were all inconsistent with the ABC 
recommended by the SSC.
    The alternatives for longfin squid RSA would allow up to 1.65 
percent (status quo) or up to 3 percent (preferred) of the longfin 
squid IOY to be used to fund research projects for the 2012-2014 
fishing years. In 2011, butterfish RSA was only awarded to cover 
butterfish discards by vessels fishing for longfin squid RSA. The small 
amount of butterfish RSA available in 2011 (15 mt, or 3 percent of 500 
mt butterfish DAH) was only sufficient to cover discards for an amount 
of longfin squid RSA equal to 1.65 percent of the IOY. The recommended 
increase in the 2012 butterfish quota will allow for enough butterfish 
RSA (3 percent of the 1,087 mt butterfish DAH) to accommodate discards 
for longfin squid RSA equal to 3 percent of the IOY.
    For the jigging exemption, the status quo alternative prevents 
Longfin squid/Butterfish moratorium permit holders from possessing or 
landing over 2,500 lb (1.13 mt) of longfin squid if the directed 
fishery is closed because of the butterfish mortality cap. The 
preferred alternative would allow such vessel to posses and land over 
2,500 lb (1.13 mt) if using jigging gear. If the use of jigs for 
commercial longfin squid fishery proves successful, the preferred 
alternative may help reduce the economic impacts of closures of the 
longfin squid fishery resulting from the butterfish mortality cap.

List of Subjects in 50 CFR Part 648

    Fisheries, Fishing, Recordkeeping and reporting requirements.

    Dated: October 21, 2011.
Samuel D. Rauch III,
Deputy Assistant Administrator for Regulatory Programs, National Marine 
Fisheries Service.

    For the reasons set out in the preamble, 50 CFR part 648, as 
amended at 76 FR 60649, September 29, 2011, is proposed to be amended 
as follows:

PART 648--FISHERIES OF THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES

    1. The authority citation for part 648 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority:  16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.

    2. In Sec.  648.2, remove the definition for Loligo, revise the 
definition of Squid, and add the definition for Longfin squid in 
alphabetical order, to read as follows:


Sec.  648.2  Definitions.

* * * * *
    Longfin squid means Doryteuthis (Amerigo) pealeii (formerly 
referred to as Loligo pealeii).
* * * * *
    Squid means longfin squid (Doryteuthis (Amerigo) pealeii, formerly 
Loligo pealeii) or Illex illecebrosus.
* * * * *
    3. In Sec.  648.23, paragraph (a) is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  648.23  Mackerel, squid, and butterfish gear restrictions.

    (a) Mesh restrictions and exemptions. Vessels subject to the mesh 
restrictions in this paragraph (a) may not have available for immediate 
use any net, or any piece of net, with a mesh size smaller than that 
specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this section.
    (1) Butterfish fishery. Owners or operators of otter trawl vessels 
possessing 2,000 lb (0.9 mt) or more of butterfish harvested in or from 
the EEZ may only fish with nets having a minimum codend mesh of 3 
inches (76 mm) diamond mesh, inside stretch measure, applied throughout 
the codend for at least 100 continuous meshes forward of the terminus 
of the net, or for codends with less than 100 meshes, the minimum mesh 
size codend shall be a minimum of one-third of the net, measured from 
the terminus of the codend to the headrope.
    (2) Longfin squid fishery. Owners or operators of otter trawl 
vessels possessing longfin squid harvested in or from the EEZ may only 
fish with nets having a minimum mesh size of 2\1/8\ inches (54 mm) 
during Trimesters I (Jan-Apr) and III (Sept-Dec), or 1\7/8\ inches (48 
mm) during Trimester II (May-Aug), diamond mesh, inside

[[Page 66267]]

stretch measure, applied throughout the codend for at least 150 
continuous meshes forward of the terminus of the net, or, for codends 
with less than 150 meshes, the minimum mesh size codend shall be a 
minimum of one-third of the net measured from the terminus of the 
codend to the headrope, unless they are fishing consistent with 
exceptions specified in paragraph (b) of this section.
    (i) Net obstruction or constriction. Owners or operators of otter 
trawl vessels fishing for and/or possessing longfin squid shall not use 
any device, gear, or material, including, but not limited to, nets, net 
strengtheners, ropes, lines, or chafing gear, on the top of the 
regulated portion of a trawl net that results in an effective mesh 
opening of less than 2\1/8\ inches (54 mm) during Trimesters I (Jan-
Apr) and III (Sept-Dec), or 1\7/8\ inches (48 mm) during Trimester II 
(May-Aug), diamond mesh, inside stretch measure. ``Top of the regulated 
portion of the net'' means the 50 percent of the entire regulated 
portion of the net that would not be in contact with the ocean bottom 
if, during a tow, the regulated portion of the net were laid flat on 
the ocean floor. However, owners or operators of otter trawl vessels 
fishing for and/or possessing longfin squid may use net strengtheners 
(covers), splitting straps, and/or bull ropes or wire around the entire 
circumference of the codend, provided they do not have a mesh opening 
of less than 5 inches (12.7 cm) diamond mesh, inside stretch measure. 
For the purposes of this requirement, head ropes are not to be 
considered part of the top of the regulated portion of a trawl net.
    (ii) Jigging exemption. During closures of the longfin squid 
fishery resulting from the butterfish mortality cap, described in Sec.  
648.26(c)(3), vessels fishing for longfin squid using jigging gear are 
exempt from the closure possession limit specified in Sec.  648.26(b), 
provided that all otter trawl gear is stowed as specified in paragraph 
(b) of this section.
    (3) Illex fishery. Seaward of the following coordinates, otter 
trawl vessels possessing longfin squid harvested in or from the EEZ and 
fishing for Illex during the months of June, July, August, in Trimester 
II, and September in Trimester III are exempt from the longfin squid 
gear requirements specified in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, 
provided that landward of the specified coordinates they do not have 
available for immediate use, as defined in paragraph (b) of this 
section, any net, or any piece of net, with a mesh size less than 1\7/
8\ inches (48 mm) diamond mesh in Trimester II, and 2\1/8\ inches (54 
mm) diamond mesh in Trimester III, or any piece of net, with mesh that 
is rigged in a manner that is prohibited by paragraph (a)(2) of this 
section.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Point                     N. lat.            W. long.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
M1................................  43[deg]58.0'       67[deg]22.0'
M2................................  43[deg]50.0'       68[deg]35.0'
M3................................  43[deg]30.0'       69[deg]40.0'
M4................................  43[deg]20.0'       70[deg]00.0'
M5................................  42[deg]45.0'       70[deg]10.0'
M6................................  42[deg]13.0'       69[deg]55.0'
M7................................  41[deg]00.0'       69[deg]00.0'
M8................................  41[deg]45.0'       68[deg]15.0'
M9................................  42[deg]10.0'       67[deg]10.0'
M10...............................  41[deg]18.6'       66[deg]24.8'
M11...............................  40[deg]55.5'       66[deg]38.0'
M12...............................  40[deg]45.5'       68[deg]00.0'
M13...............................  40[deg]37.0'       68[deg]00.0'
M14...............................  40[deg]30.0'       69[deg]00.0'
M15...............................  40[deg]22.7'       69[deg]00.0'
M16...............................  40[deg]18.7'       69[deg]40.0'
M17...............................  40[deg]21.0'       71[deg]03.0'
M18...............................  39[deg]41.0'       72[deg]32.0'
M19...............................  38[deg]47.0'       73[deg]11.0'
M20...............................  38[deg]04.0'       74[deg]06.0'
M21...............................  37[deg]08.0'       74[deg]46.0'
M22...............................  36[deg]00.0'       74[deg]52.0'
M23...............................  35[deg]45.0'       74[deg]53.0'
M24...............................  35[deg]28.0'       74[deg]52.0'
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    4. In Sec.  648.24, paragraph (b)(1) is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  648.24  Fishery closures and accountability measures.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) Mackerel commercial sector EEZ closure. NMFS shall close the 
commercial mackerel fishery in the EEZ when the Regional Administrator 
projects that 95 percent of the mackerel DAH is harvested, if such a 
closure is necessary to prevent the DAH from being exceeded. The 
closure of the commercial fishery shall be in effect for the remainder 
of that fishing year, with incidental catches allowed as specified in 
Sec.  648.26. When the Regional Administrator projects that the DAH for 
mackerel shall be landed, NMFS shall close the commercial mackerel 
fishery in the EEZ, and the incidental catches specified for mackerel 
in Sec.  648.26 will be prohibited.
* * * * *
    5. In the table below, for each section in the left column, remove 
the text from whenever it appears throughout the section and add the 
text indicated in the right column.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Section                              Remove                         Add               Frequency
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sec.   648.4(a)(5)(i)....................  Loligo......................  longfin....................           1
Sec.   648.4(a)(5)(i)(A).................  Loligo......................  longfin....................           2
Sec.   648.4(a)(5)(i)(L)(ii).............  Loligo......................  longfin....................           1
Sec.   648.4(a)(10)(iv)(C)(1)(i).........  Loligo......................  longfin....................           1
Sec.   648.4(a)(10)(iv)(C)(1)(ii)........  Loligo......................  longfin....................           1
Sec.   648.13(a).........................  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           2
Sec.   648.14(g)(1)(ii)(B)...............  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           2
Sec.   648.14(g)(1)(iii).................  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           1
Sec.   648.14(g)(2)(ii)..................  Loligo......................  longfin....................           2
Sec.   648.14(g)(2)(iii).................  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           1
Sec.   648.14(o)(1)(vi)..................  Loligo......................  longfin....................           1
Sec.   648.22(a)(2)......................  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           1
Sec.   648.22(a)(4)......................  Loligo......................  longfin....................           1
Sec.   648.22(a)(5)......................  Loligo......................  longfin....................           1
Sec.   648.22(b)(1)......................  Loligo......................  longfin....................           1
Sec.   648.22(b)(1)(i)(A)................  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           1
Sec.   648.22(b)(3)(v)...................  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           1
Sec.   648.22(c)(1)(i)...................  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           1
Sec.   648.22(c)(3)......................  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           1
Sec.   648.22(c)(6)......................  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           1
Sec.   648.22(f).........................  Loligo......................  longfin....................           2
Sec.   648.24(a).........................  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           4
Sec.   648.24(c)(3)......................  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           2

[[Page 66268]]

 
Sec.   648.26(b).........................  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           7
Sec.   648.27 (heading)..................  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           1
Sec.   648.27(a).........................  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           1
Sec.   648.27(b).........................  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           5
Sec.   648.27(c).........................  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           3
Sec.   648.27(d).........................  Loligo......................  longfin squid..............           2
Sec.   648.124(a)(2).....................  Loligo......................  longfin....................           1
Sec.   648.124(b)(2).....................  Loligo......................  longfin....................           1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[FR Doc. 2011-27726 Filed 10-25-11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-22-P