Notice of Inventory Completion: Slater Museum of Natural History, University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, WA, 43710-43712 [2011-18344]
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wreier-aviles on DSKDVH8Z91PROD with NOTICES
43710
Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 140 / Thursday, July 21, 2011 / Notices
No known individual was identified.
The 31 associated funerary objects are
19 arrow points, 1 musket ball, 7 elk
teeth, 1 bag of copper and iron
fragments, 1 bag of animal bone
fragments, 1 shell disk bead, and 1 red
trade bead (AC.9812B).
Based on physical analysis and
catalogue records, the human remains
are determined to be Native American.
Archeological evidence suggests that the
Washington Boro Village Site and burial
components, including the Keller Site,
date to approximately A.D. 1600–1625.
Archeological evidence and historical
documentation show that the
Washington Boro Village Site was
occupied by the Susquehannock.
While the biological record is neutral
regarding cultural affiliation, the
Susquehannock likely shared a
geographical affinity with the
Haudenosaunee, as evidenced by shared
ancestral lands in New York, common
land use during the 1600s, and, starting
in the 1700s, Haudenosaunee claims to
the former territory of the
Susquehannock. Furthermore, the
Susquehannock shared kinship with the
Haudenosaunee through similar clan
systems, adoption, intermarriage, and
burial practices. Current archeological
evidence suggests that the
Susquehannock and Haudenosaunee
were descended from the same protoIroquoian culture. Around A.D. 1300,
the Susquehannock split off from that
culture. Settling in Lancaster County,
PA, the Susquehannock had become a
distinct group by A.D. 1580.
Archeological evidence also
demonstrates that the Susquehannock
and Haudenosaunee shared a very
similar material culture tradition across
multiple artifact categories.
For more than a century,
anthropologists have consistently
referred to the Susquehannock as an
Iroquoian people, and anthropological
theories of diaspora and assimilation
reasonably explain the incorporation of
Susquehannock into the
Haudenosuanee Confederacy in the late
1600s and 1700s. Although folkloric
evidence is not abundant, nevertheless
it is consistent with a conclusion of
cultural affiliation. Scholars have
conclusively shown that the
Susquehannock language was very
closely related to the other extant
Iroquoian languages, which
demonstrates a robust interrelationship
among these peoples. Haudenosaunee
oral tradition consistently and
unambiguously expresses a strong
cultural and historical affinity for the
Susquehannock. Historical evidence
indicates a complex relationship
between the Susquehannock and
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Haudenosaunee, but convincingly
suggests that by the late 1600s, the
Susquehannock freely allowed
themselves to be adopted into the
Haudenosaunee. Expert opinion, as
constituted by the NAGPRA Review
Committee, further supports a
determination that the Haudenosaunee
and Susquehannock are culturally
affiliated under NAGPRA. In summary,
six lines of evidence support cultural
affiliation (geographical, archaeological,
anthropological, oral tradition,
historical evidence, and expert opinion)
and two lines strongly support cultural
affiliation (kinship and linguistics). One
line of evidence is indeterminate
(biology), and one line of evidence is
consistent with cultural affiliation
(folklore). Therefore, the museum
reasonably believes that there is a
shared group identity between the
Haudenosaunee Confederacy and the
Susquehannock people who occupied
Lancaster County, PA, at the
Washington Boro Village Site.
Determinations Made by the Denver
Museum of Nature & Science
Officials of the Denver Museum of
Nature & Science have determined that:
• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(9), the
human remains described above
represent the physical remains of three
individuals of Native American
ancestry.
• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(A),
the 35 objects described above are
reasonably believed to have been placed
with or near individual human remains
at the time of death or later as part of
the death rite or ceremony.
• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), there
is a relationship of shared group
identity that can be reasonably traced
between the Native American human
remains and associated funerary objects
and the Cayuga Nation of New York;
Oneida Nation of New York; Oneida
Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin;
Onondaga Nation of New York; Saint
Regis Mohawk Tribe, New York; Seneca
Nation of New York; Seneca-Cayuga
Tribe of Oklahoma; Tonawanda Band of
Seneca Indians; and the Tuscarora
Nation of New York.
Additional Requestors and Disposition
Representatives of any other Indian
tribe that believes itself to be culturally
affiliated with the human remains and
associated funerary objects should
contact Chip Colwell-Chanthaphonh,
Denver Museum of Nature & Science,
2001 Colorado Blvd., Denver, CO 80204,
telephone (303) 370–6378, before
August 22, 2011. Repatriation of the
human remains and associated funerary
objects to the Cayuga Nation of New
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York; Oneida Nation of New York;
Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin;
Onondaga Nation; Saint Regis Mohawk
Tribe, New York; Seneca Nation of New
York; Seneca-Cayuga Tribe of
Oklahoma; Tonawanda Band of Seneca
Indians; and the Tuscarora Nation of
New York, may proceed after that date
if no additional claimants come
forward.
The Denver Museum of Nature &
Science is responsible for notifying the
Absentee-Shawnee Tribe of Indians of
Oklahoma; Cayuga Nation of New York;
Delaware Nation, Oklahoma; Delaware
Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma; Eastern
Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma; Oneida
Nation of New York; Oneida Tribe of
Indians of Wisconsin; Onondaga Nation
of New York; Saint Regis Mohawk
Tribe, New York; Seneca Nation of New
York; Seneca-Cayuga Tribe of
Oklahoma; Shawnee Tribe, Oklahoma;
Stockbridge Munsee Community,
Wisconsin; Tonawanda Band of Seneca
Indians; Tuscarora Nation of New York;
and the Haudenosaunee Standing
Committee on Burial Rules and
Regulations, a non-Federally recognized
Indian organization for the purposes of
NAGPRA, that this notice has been
published.
Dated: July 14, 2011.
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. 2011–18358 Filed 7–20–11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312–50–P
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
[2253–665]
Notice of Inventory Completion: Slater
Museum of Natural History, University
of Puget Sound, Tacoma, WA
National Park Service, Interior.
Notice.
AGENCY:
ACTION:
The Slater Museum of Natural
History, University of Puget Sound has
completed an inventory of human
remains, in consultation with the
appropriate Indian tribes, and has
determined that there is no cultural
affiliation between the human remains
and any present-day Indian tribe.
Representatives of any Indian tribe that
believes itself to be culturally affiliated
with the human remains may contact
the Slater Museum of Natural History,
University of Puget Sound. Disposition
of the human remains to the Indian
tribes stated below may occur if no
additional requestors come forward.
SUMMARY:
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Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 140 / Thursday, July 21, 2011 / Notices
Representatives of any Indian
tribe that believes it has a cultural
affiliation with the human remains
should contact the Slater Museum of
Natural History, University of Puget
Sound at the address below by August
22, 2011.
ADDRESSES: Peter Wimberger, Slater
Museum of Natural History, University
of Puget Sound, 1500 North Warner St.,
Tacoma, WA 98416–1088, telephone
(253) 879–2784.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Notice is
here given in accordance with the
Native American Graves Protection and
Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C.
3003, of the completion of an inventory
of human remains in the possession of
the Slater Museum of Natural History,
University of Puget Sound, Tacoma,
WA. The human remains were removed
from ‘‘Western Washington.’’
This notice is published as part of the
National Park Service’s administrative
responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25
U.S.C. 3003(d)(3) and 43 CFR 10.11(d).
The determinations in this notice are
the sole responsibility of the museum,
institution, or Federal agency that has
control of the Native American human
remains. The National Park Service is
not responsible for the determinations
in this notice.
DATES:
wreier-aviles on DSKDVH8Z91PROD with NOTICES
Consultation
A detailed assessment of the human
remains was made by Slater Museum of
Natural History, University of Puget
Sound professional staff in consultation
with representatives of the Confederated
Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation,
Washington; Confederated Tribes of the
Chehalis Reservation, Washington;
Cowlitz Indian Tribe, Washington; Hoh
Indian Tribe of the Hoh Indian
Reservation, Washington; Jamestown
S’Klallam Tribe of Washington; Lower
Elwha Tribal Community of the Lower
Elwha Reservation, Washington; Lummi
Tribe of the Lummi Reservation,
Washington; Makah Indian Tribe of the
Makah Indian Reservation, Washington;
Muckleshoot Indian Tribe of the
Muckleshoot Reservation, Washington;
Nisqually Indian Tribe of the Nisqually
Reservation, Washington; Nooksack
Indian Tribe of Washington; Port
Gamble Indian Community of the Port
Gamble Reservation, Washington;
Puyallup Tribe of the Puyallup
Reservation, Washington; Quileute
Tribe of the Quileute Reservation,
Washington; Quinault Tribe of the
Quinault Reservation, Washington;
Samish Indian Tribe, Washington; SaukSuiattle Indian Tribe of Washington;
Shoalwater Bay Tribe of the Shoalwater
Bay Indian Reservation, Washington;
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Skokomish Indian Tribe of the
Skokomish Reservation, Washington;
Snoqualmie Tribe, Washington; Squaxin
Island Tribe of the Squaxin Island
Reservation, Washington; Stillaguamish
Tribe of Washington; Suquamish Indian
Tribe of the Port Madison Reservation,
Washington; Swinomish Indians of the
Swinomish Reservation, Washington;
Tulalip Tribes of the Tulalip
Reservation, Washington; and the Upper
Skagit Indian Tribe of Washington
(hereinafter referred to as ‘‘The Tribes’’).
In addition, the Slater Museum of
Natural History, University of Puget
Sound professional staff consulted with
the following non-Federally recognized
Indian groups: Chinook Tribe,
Duwamish Tribe, Kikiallus Nation,
Marietta Band of Nooksack Indians,
Snohomish Tribe, Snoqualmoo Tribe,
and Steilacoom Indian Tribe
(hereinafter referred to as ‘‘The Indian
Groups’’). The Slater Museum of Natural
History, University of Puget Sound
received responses from the
Confederated Tribes and Bands of the
Yakama Nation, Washington; Puyallup
Tribe of the Puyallup Reservation,
Washington; Skokomish Indian Tribe of
the Skokomish Reservation,
Washington; and the Squaxin Island
Tribe of the Squaxin Island Reservation,
Washington. Skokomish Indian Tribe of
the Skokomish Reservation, Washington
requested a status report on the
disposition of the remains, but made no
claim for disposition. The Puyallup
Tribe of the Puyallup Reservation,
Washington, and Confederated Tribes
and Bands of the Yakama Nation,
Washington, submitted a NAGPRA
claim for the individual described in
this Notice of Inventory Completion.
The Squaxin Island Tribe of the Squaxin
Island Reservation, Washington,
supported the disposition of the
individual to these two Indian tribes.
History and Description of the Remains
At an unknown date prior to 1970,
human remains representing a
minimum of one individual were
removed from ‘‘Western Washington.’’
The remains were stored at the
University of Puget Sound’s Department
of Comparative Sociology since at least
the 1970s. In late Fall 2006 the remains
were transferred to the Slater Museum
by University staff. There is no record
of the excavator, donor, date of removal,
or exact provenience, except for
‘‘Western Washington.’’ No known
individual was identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
Elements present include a cranium
and a mandible. No cranial deformation
is present and the mandible is missing
five teeth postmortem. The remains are
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43711
overall very clean and of a dark mottled
coloration. Small roots are present in
the nasal cavity and sediments are
found endocranially, suggesting the
individual was likely removed from an
archeological context. Slight cortical
exfoliation is present on both the
cranium and mandible, indicating the
individual was buried in a taphonomic
environment characterized by
alternating dry and wet conditions.
Based on 14 morphological
characteristics, a physical
anthropologist determined the remains
represent a (possibly) male individual
40–60 years old and of Native American
ancestry (Gill 1998; Rhine 1990).
Additionally, the very even and severe
enamel wear indicate the mastication of
population-specific coarse foods that
characterized the diets of pre-contact
and post-contact Native American
populations (Buikstra and Ubelaker
1994). These characteristics, in addition
to the Slater Museum’s limited
information, indicate that the individual
is of Native American ancestry. The
remains may have been removed from
any location within Western
Washington, which is considered by the
Museum to include the 19 counties
located between the Pacific Ocean and
the Cascade Mountains. These include:
Clallam, Clark, Cowlitz, Grays Harbor,
Island, Jefferson, King, Kitsap, Lewis,
Mason, Pacific, Pierce, San Juan, Skagit,
Skamania, Snohomish, Thurston,
Wahkiakum, and Whatcom Counties.
Determinations Made by the Slater
Museum of Natural History, University
of Puget Sound
Officials of the Slater Museum of
Natural History, University of Puget
Sound have determined that:
• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), a
relationship of shared group identity
cannot be reasonably traced between the
Native American human remains and
any present-day Indian tribe.
• According to final judgments of the
Indian Claims Commission, the land
from which the Native American human
remains were removed is the aboriginal
land of The Tribes.
• Multiple lines of evidence,
including treaties, Acts of Congress, and
Executive Orders, indicate that the land
from which the Native American human
remains were removed is the aboriginal
land of The Tribes and The Indian
Groups.
• Other credible lines of evidence,
indicate that the land from which the
Native American human remains were
removed is the aboriginal land of The
Tribes and The Indian Groups.
• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(9), the
human remains described above
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43712
Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 140 / Thursday, July 21, 2011 / Notices
represent the physical remains of one
individual of Native American ancestry.
• Pursuant to 43 CFR 10.11(c)(1), the
disposition of the human remains is to
the Confederated Tribes and Bands of
the Yakama Nation, Washington, and
Puyallup Tribe of the Puyallup
Reservation, Washington.
Additional Requestors and Disposition
Representatives of any Indian tribe
that believes itself to be culturally
affiliated with the human remains or
any other Indian tribe that believes it
satisfies the criteria in 43 CFR
10.11(c)(1) should contact Peter
Wimberger, Slater Museum of Natural
History, University of Puget Sound,
1500 North Warner St., Tacoma, WA
98416–1088, telephone (253) 879–2784,
before August 22, 2011. Disposition of
the human remains to the Confederated
Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation,
Washington, and Puyallup Tribe of the
Puyallup Reservation, Washington, may
proceed after that date if no additional
requestors come forward.
The Slater Museum of Natural
History, University of Puget Sound is
responsible for notifying The Tribes and
The Indian Groups that this notice has
been published.
Dated: July 14, 2011.
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. 2011–18344 Filed 7–20–11; 8:45 am]
Consultation
A detailed assessment of the human
remains was made by Oregon Museum
of Science and Industry professional
staff on behalf of the Bureau of Indian
Affairs in consultation with
representatives of the Hopi Tribe of
Arizona.
BILLING CODE 4312–50–P
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
[2253–665]
Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S.
Department of the Interior, Bureau of
Indian Affairs, Washington, DC and
Oregon Museum of Science and
Industry, Portland, OR
National Park Service, Interior.
Notice.
AGENCY:
ACTION:
The Bureau of Indian Affairs
and the Oregon Museum of Science and
Industry have completed an inventory
of human remains, in consultation with
the appropriate Indian tribe, and
determined that there is a cultural
affiliation between the human remains
and a present-day Indian tribe.
Representatives of any Indian tribe that
believes itself to be culturally affiliated
with the human remains may contact
the Oregon Museum of Science and
Industry. Repatriation of the human
remains to the Indian tribe stated below
may occur if no additional claimants
come forward.
wreier-aviles on DSKDVH8Z91PROD with NOTICES
SUMMARY:
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Representatives of any Indian
tribe that believes it has a cultural
affiliation with the human remains
should contact the Bureau of Indian
Affairs through the Oregon Museum of
Science and Industry at the address
below by August 22, 2011.
ADDRESSES: Lori Erickson, Curator,
Oregon Museum of Science and
Industry, 1945 SE Water Ave., Portland,
OR 97214, telephone (503) 797–4582.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Notice is
here given in accordance with the
Native American Graves Protection and
Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C.
3003, of the completion of an inventory
of human remains in the control of the
U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau
of Indian Affairs, Washington, DC, and
in the physical custody of the Oregon
Museum of Science and Industry,
Portland, OR. The human remains were
removed from an area within the
boundaries of the Hopi Reservation in
Arizona.
This notice is published as part of the
National Park Service’s administrative
responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25
U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in
this notice are the sole responsibility of
the museum, institution, or Federal
agency that has control of the Native
American human remains. The National
Park Service is not responsible for the
determinations in this notice.
DATES:
History and Description of the Remains
In the early 1940s, human remains
representing a minimum of one
individual were removed from an area
of the Hopi Reservation in Arizona by
Ray Ghents, Dr. Hewitt, and Dr. Fischer.
The exact location of the area is unclear
from museum records. Mr. Paul Ghents
donated the remains to the Oregon
Museum of Science and Industry on
November 10, 1977. No known
individual was identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
The human remains have been
identified as Native American based on
observable dental traits and museum
documentation. The remains are
approximately 500 years old.
Determinations Made by the Bureau of
Indian Affairs and the Oregon Museum
of Science and Industry
Officials of the Bureau of Indian
Affairs and the Oregon Museum of
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Sfmt 4703
Science and Industry have determined
that:
• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(9), the
human remains described in this notice
represent the physical remains of one
individual of Native American ancestry.
• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), there
is a relationship of shared group
identity that can be reasonably traced
between the Native American human
remains and the Hopi Tribe of Arizona.
Additional Requestors and Disposition
Representatives of any other Indian
tribe that believes itself to be culturally
affiliated with the human remains
should contact Lori Erickson, Curator,
Oregon Museum of Science and
Industry, 1945 SE Water Ave., Portland,
OR 97214, telephone (503) 797–4582,
before August 22, 2011. Repatriation of
the human remains to the Hopi Tribe of
Arizona may proceed after that date if
no additional claimants come forward.
The Bureau of Indian Affairs and the
Oregon Museum of Science and
Industry are responsible for notifying
the Hopi Tribe of Arizona that this
notice has been published.
Dated: July 14, 2011.
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. 2011–18346 Filed 7–20–11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312–50–P
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
[2253–665]
Notice of Inventory Completion:
American Museum of Natural History,
New York, NY
National Park Service, Interior.
Notice.
AGENCY:
ACTION:
The American Museum of
Natural History has completed an
inventory of human remains, in
consultation with the appropriate
Indian tribe, and has determined that
there is a cultural affiliation between the
human remains and a present-day
Indian tribe. Representatives of any
Indian tribe that believes itself to be
culturally affiliated with the human
remains may contact the American
Museum of Natural History.
Repatriation of the human remains to
the Indian tribe stated below may occur
if no additional claimants come
forward.
SUMMARY:
Representatives of any Indian
tribe that believes it has a cultural
affiliation with the human remains
should contact the American Museum
DATES:
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 76, Number 140 (Thursday, July 21, 2011)]
[Notices]
[Pages 43710-43712]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2011-18344]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
[2253-665]
Notice of Inventory Completion: Slater Museum of Natural History,
University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, WA
AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior.
ACTION: Notice.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Slater Museum of Natural History, University of Puget
Sound has completed an inventory of human remains, in consultation with
the appropriate Indian tribes, and has determined that there is no
cultural affiliation between the human remains and any present-day
Indian tribe. Representatives of any Indian tribe that believes itself
to be culturally affiliated with the human remains may contact the
Slater Museum of Natural History, University of Puget Sound.
Disposition of the human remains to the Indian tribes stated below may
occur if no additional requestors come forward.
[[Page 43711]]
DATES: Representatives of any Indian tribe that believes it has a
cultural affiliation with the human remains should contact the Slater
Museum of Natural History, University of Puget Sound at the address
below by August 22, 2011.
ADDRESSES: Peter Wimberger, Slater Museum of Natural History,
University of Puget Sound, 1500 North Warner St., Tacoma, WA 98416-
1088, telephone (253) 879-2784.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Notice is here given in accordance with the
Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25
U.S.C. 3003, of the completion of an inventory of human remains in the
possession of the Slater Museum of Natural History, University of Puget
Sound, Tacoma, WA. The human remains were removed from ``Western
Washington.''
This notice is published as part of the National Park Service's
administrative responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 U.S.C. 3003(d)(3) and
43 CFR 10.11(d). The determinations in this notice are the sole
responsibility of the museum, institution, or Federal agency that has
control of the Native American human remains. The National Park Service
is not responsible for the determinations in this notice.
Consultation
A detailed assessment of the human remains was made by Slater
Museum of Natural History, University of Puget Sound professional staff
in consultation with representatives of the Confederated Tribes and
Bands of the Yakama Nation, Washington; Confederated Tribes of the
Chehalis Reservation, Washington; Cowlitz Indian Tribe, Washington; Hoh
Indian Tribe of the Hoh Indian Reservation, Washington; Jamestown
S'Klallam Tribe of Washington; Lower Elwha Tribal Community of the
Lower Elwha Reservation, Washington; Lummi Tribe of the Lummi
Reservation, Washington; Makah Indian Tribe of the Makah Indian
Reservation, Washington; Muckleshoot Indian Tribe of the Muckleshoot
Reservation, Washington; Nisqually Indian Tribe of the Nisqually
Reservation, Washington; Nooksack Indian Tribe of Washington; Port
Gamble Indian Community of the Port Gamble Reservation, Washington;
Puyallup Tribe of the Puyallup Reservation, Washington; Quileute Tribe
of the Quileute Reservation, Washington; Quinault Tribe of the Quinault
Reservation, Washington; Samish Indian Tribe, Washington; Sauk-Suiattle
Indian Tribe of Washington; Shoalwater Bay Tribe of the Shoalwater Bay
Indian Reservation, Washington; Skokomish Indian Tribe of the Skokomish
Reservation, Washington; Snoqualmie Tribe, Washington; Squaxin Island
Tribe of the Squaxin Island Reservation, Washington; Stillaguamish
Tribe of Washington; Suquamish Indian Tribe of the Port Madison
Reservation, Washington; Swinomish Indians of the Swinomish
Reservation, Washington; Tulalip Tribes of the Tulalip Reservation,
Washington; and the Upper Skagit Indian Tribe of Washington
(hereinafter referred to as ``The Tribes''). In addition, the Slater
Museum of Natural History, University of Puget Sound professional staff
consulted with the following non-Federally recognized Indian groups:
Chinook Tribe, Duwamish Tribe, Kikiallus Nation, Marietta Band of
Nooksack Indians, Snohomish Tribe, Snoqualmoo Tribe, and Steilacoom
Indian Tribe (hereinafter referred to as ``The Indian Groups''). The
Slater Museum of Natural History, University of Puget Sound received
responses from the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation,
Washington; Puyallup Tribe of the Puyallup Reservation, Washington;
Skokomish Indian Tribe of the Skokomish Reservation, Washington; and
the Squaxin Island Tribe of the Squaxin Island Reservation, Washington.
Skokomish Indian Tribe of the Skokomish Reservation, Washington
requested a status report on the disposition of the remains, but made
no claim for disposition. The Puyallup Tribe of the Puyallup
Reservation, Washington, and Confederated Tribes and Bands of the
Yakama Nation, Washington, submitted a NAGPRA claim for the individual
described in this Notice of Inventory Completion. The Squaxin Island
Tribe of the Squaxin Island Reservation, Washington, supported the
disposition of the individual to these two Indian tribes.
History and Description of the Remains
At an unknown date prior to 1970, human remains representing a
minimum of one individual were removed from ``Western Washington.'' The
remains were stored at the University of Puget Sound's Department of
Comparative Sociology since at least the 1970s. In late Fall 2006 the
remains were transferred to the Slater Museum by University staff.
There is no record of the excavator, donor, date of removal, or exact
provenience, except for ``Western Washington.'' No known individual was
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
Elements present include a cranium and a mandible. No cranial
deformation is present and the mandible is missing five teeth
postmortem. The remains are overall very clean and of a dark mottled
coloration. Small roots are present in the nasal cavity and sediments
are found endocranially, suggesting the individual was likely removed
from an archeological context. Slight cortical exfoliation is present
on both the cranium and mandible, indicating the individual was buried
in a taphonomic environment characterized by alternating dry and wet
conditions. Based on 14 morphological characteristics, a physical
anthropologist determined the remains represent a (possibly) male
individual 40-60 years old and of Native American ancestry (Gill 1998;
Rhine 1990). Additionally, the very even and severe enamel wear
indicate the mastication of population-specific coarse foods that
characterized the diets of pre-contact and post-contact Native American
populations (Buikstra and Ubelaker 1994). These characteristics, in
addition to the Slater Museum's limited information, indicate that the
individual is of Native American ancestry. The remains may have been
removed from any location within Western Washington, which is
considered by the Museum to include the 19 counties located between the
Pacific Ocean and the Cascade Mountains. These include: Clallam, Clark,
Cowlitz, Grays Harbor, Island, Jefferson, King, Kitsap, Lewis, Mason,
Pacific, Pierce, San Juan, Skagit, Skamania, Snohomish, Thurston,
Wahkiakum, and Whatcom Counties.
Determinations Made by the Slater Museum of Natural History, University
of Puget Sound
Officials of the Slater Museum of Natural History, University of
Puget Sound have determined that:
Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), a relationship of shared
group identity cannot be reasonably traced between the Native American
human remains and any present-day Indian tribe.
According to final judgments of the Indian Claims
Commission, the land from which the Native American human remains were
removed is the aboriginal land of The Tribes.
Multiple lines of evidence, including treaties, Acts of
Congress, and Executive Orders, indicate that the land from which the
Native American human remains were removed is the aboriginal land of
The Tribes and The Indian Groups.
Other credible lines of evidence, indicate that the land
from which the Native American human remains were removed is the
aboriginal land of The Tribes and The Indian Groups.
Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(9), the human remains described
above
[[Page 43712]]
represent the physical remains of one individual of Native American
ancestry.
Pursuant to 43 CFR 10.11(c)(1), the disposition of the
human remains is to the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama
Nation, Washington, and Puyallup Tribe of the Puyallup Reservation,
Washington.
Additional Requestors and Disposition
Representatives of any Indian tribe that believes itself to be
culturally affiliated with the human remains or any other Indian tribe
that believes it satisfies the criteria in 43 CFR 10.11(c)(1) should
contact Peter Wimberger, Slater Museum of Natural History, University
of Puget Sound, 1500 North Warner St., Tacoma, WA 98416-1088, telephone
(253) 879-2784, before August 22, 2011. Disposition of the human
remains to the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation,
Washington, and Puyallup Tribe of the Puyallup Reservation, Washington,
may proceed after that date if no additional requestors come forward.
The Slater Museum of Natural History, University of Puget Sound is
responsible for notifying The Tribes and The Indian Groups that this
notice has been published.
Dated: July 14, 2011.
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. 2011-18344 Filed 7-20-11; 8:45 am]
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