New Markets Tax Credit Non-Real Estate Investments, 32882-32885 [2011-13978]
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Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 109 / Tuesday, June 7, 2011 / Proposed Rules
estate businesses because transaction
and compliance monitoring costs are
higher relative to the size of smaller
loans than they are for larger, real estatesecured transactions.
The Treasury Department and the IRS
are soliciting comments on whether the
substantiation requirements governing
investments under § 1.45D–
1(d)(1)(iv)(A)(1) should be simplified in
cases where: (i) The second CDE uses
the new markets tax credit proceeds to
make smaller-sized loans (for example,
less than $250,000) to non-real estate
businesses; (ii) neither the second CDE
nor the non-real estate business
receiving the new markets tax credit
proceeds is affiliated with the primary
CDE or the qualified equity investment
investors; and (iii) the second CDE
demonstrates that, at the time of initial
investment in the non-real estate
business, the non-real estate business
receiving the new markets tax credit
proceeds met some basic qualifying
requirements (for example, the business
is in a low-income community).
In particular, the Treasury
Department and the IRS encourage
taxpayers to submit comments on the
following issues:
1. Would simplifying the
substantiation requirements in the
manner proposed facilitate greater new
markets tax credit investment in nonreal estate businesses? Are there other
areas where § 1.45D–1 could be
modified to achieve a similar outcome?
2. The Treasury Department and the
IRS believe that, if there is to be a
simplification of the substantiation
requirements for these transactions,
there may need to be a cap on the total
transaction size. Is $250,000 the
appropriate cap to put on the initial
loan size? Should special considerations
be made for follow-on investments and/
or lines of credit? For example, should
there be a cap on the total aggregate
investment in one business? If so, what
should that cap be?
3. What are the appropriate minimum
requirements that a non-real estate
business should satisfy in order for the
second CDE to be able to take advantage
of the simplified substantiation
requirements (for example, the business
must be located in a low-income
community, employ community
residents, etc. at the time of initial
investment)? How should this be
measured (for example, that
substantially all of the real property is
located in a low-income community)?
4. Should the Treasury Department
and the IRS consider additional
limitations (other than those specified)
on unaffiliated CDEs or businesses? For
example, should the regulations require
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that the second CDE be a non-profit
entity or the affiliate of a non-profit
entity?
B. Encouraging Equity Investments in
Non-Real Estate Businesses
1. What non-statutory requirements in
§ 1.45D–1 can be revised to encourage
CDEs to make equity investments in
non-real estate businesses?
2. If consideration is given to
potential changes to the reasonable
expectations test of § 1.45D–1(d)(6)(i),
what modifications would be most
effective in encouraging equity
investments in non-real estate
businesses, while still preserving the
purpose of the existing limitations on
the reasonable expectations test?
Request for Comments
Before the notice of proposed
rulemaking is issued, consideration will
be given to any written and electronic
comments that are submitted timely to
the IRS. All comments will be available
for public inspection and copying.
Drafting Information
The principal author of this advance
notice of proposed rulemaking is Julie
Hanlon-Bolton of the Office of Chief
Counsel (Passthroughs and Special
Industries). However, other personnel
from the IRS and the Treasury
Department participated in its
development.
Steven T. Miller,
Deputy Commissioner for Services and
Enforcement.
[FR Doc. 2011–13981 Filed 6–3–11; 4:15 pm]
BILLING CODE 4830–01–P
DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
Internal Revenue Service
26 CFR Part 1
[REG–101826–11]
RIN 1545–BK04
New Markets Tax Credit Non-Real
Estate Investments
Internal Revenue Service (IRS),
Treasury.
ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking
and notice of public hearing.
AGENCY:
This document contains
proposed regulations modifying the new
markets tax credit program to facilitate
and encourage investments in non-real
estate businesses in low-income
communities. The regulations will affect
taxpayers claiming the new markets tax
credit and businesses in low-income
SUMMARY:
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communities relying on the program.
This document also provides a notice of
a public hearing on these proposed
regulations. The Treasury Department
and the IRS have published separately
in this issue of the Federal Register an
advance notice of proposed rulemaking
REG–114206–11 requesting comments
on additional modifications to the new
markets tax credit program to facilitate
and encourage investments in non-real
estate businesses in low-income
communities.
DATES: Written or electronic comments
must be received by September 8, 2011.
Outlines of topics to be discussed at the
public hearing scheduled for Thursday,
September 29, 2011, must be received
by September 8, 2011.
ADDRESSES: Send submissions to:
CC:PA:LPD:PR (REG–101826–11), room
5203, Internal Revenue Service, PO Box
7604, Ben Franklin Station, Washington,
DC 20044. Submissions may be handdelivered Monday through Friday
between the hours of 8 a.m. and 4 p.m.
to CC:PA:LPD:PR (REG–101826–11),
Courier’s Desk, Internal Revenue
Service, 1111 Constitution Avenue,
NW., Washington, DC, or sent
electronically, via the Federal
eRulemaking Portal at https://
www.regulations.gov (IRS REG–101826–
11). The public hearing will be held in
the Auditorium of the Internal Revenue
Building, 1111 Constitution Avenue,
NW., Washington, DC.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Concerning the regulations, Julie
Hanlon-Bolton, (202) 622–3040;
concerning submission of comments,
the hearing, and/or to be placed on the
building access list to attend the
hearing, Richard Hurst, (202) 622–7180
(not toll-free numbers).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Background
This document amends 26 CFR part 1
to provide additional rules relating to
the new markets tax credit under
section 45D of the Internal Revenue
Code (Code). Section 45D was added to
the Code by section 121 of the
Community Renewal Tax Relief Act of
2000 (Pub. L. 106–554, 114 Stat. 2763
(2000)) and amended by section 221 of
the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004
(Pub. L. 108–357, 118 Stat. 1418 (2004)),
section 101 of the Gulf Opportunity
Zone Act of 2005 (Pub. L. 109–135, 119
Stat. 25 (2005)), Division A, section 102
of the Tax Relief and Health Care Act of
2006 (Pub. L. 109–432, 120 Stat. 2922
(2006)), section 302, Division C of the
Tax Extenders and Alternative
Minimum Tax Relief Act of 2008 (Pub.
L. 110–343, 122 Stat. 3765 (2008)),
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Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 109 / Tuesday, June 7, 2011 / Proposed Rules
emcdonald on DSK2BSOYB1PROD with PROPOSALS
section 1403(a)(1) of the American
Recovery and Reinvestment Tax Act of
2009 (Pub. L. 111–5, 123 Stat. 115
(2009)), and section 733 of the Tax
Relief, Unemployment Insurance
Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of
2010 (Pub. L. 111–312, 124 Stat. 3296
(2010)).
Groups and organizations
representing investors, qualified
community development entities,
businesses, and other entities involved
with the new markets tax credit program
have submitted comments requesting
additional guidance to encourage more
investment in non-real estate
businesses. The commentators
suggested that revising the new markets
tax credit program to encourage
investment in non-real estate businesses
will bring increased amounts of capital
to underserved businesses in lowincome communities. The Treasury
Department and IRS believe that
revisions of the reinvestment rules of
the new markets tax credit program
would have a positive impact on the
ability of the program to benefit non-real
estate businesses in low-income
communities.
General Overview
Section 45D(a)(1) allows a new
markets tax credit on certain credit
allowance dates described in section
45D(a)(3) with respect to a qualified
equity investment in a qualified
community development entity (CDE)
described in section 45D(c).
Under section 45D(b)(1), an equity
investment in a CDE is a qualified
equity investment if, among other
requirements: (A) the investment is
acquired by the taxpayer at its original
issue (directly or through an
underwriter) solely in exchange for
cash; (B) substantially all of the cash is
used by the CDE to make qualified lowincome community investments; and (C)
the investment is designated for
purposes of section 45D by the CDE.
Under section 45D(b)(2), the
maximum amount of equity investments
issued by a CDE that may be designated
by the CDE as qualified equity
investments shall not exceed the portion
of the new markets tax credit limitation
set forth in section 45D(f)(1) that is
allocated to the CDE by the Secretary
under section 45D(f)(2).
Section 45D(c)(1) provides that an
entity is a CDE if, among other
requirements, the entity is certified by
the Secretary as a CDE.
Section 45D(d)(1) defines qualified
low-income community investment to
mean: (A) any capital or equity
investment in, or loan to, any qualified
active low-income community business
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(as defined in section 45D(d)(2)); (B) the
purchase from another CDE of any loan
made by the entity that is a qualified
low-income community investment; (C)
financial counseling and other services
specified in regulations prescribed by
the Secretary to businesses located in,
and residents of, low-income
communities; and (D) any equity
investment in, or loan to, any CDE.
Under section 45D(d)(2)(A), a
qualified active low-income community
business is any corporation (including a
nonprofit corporation) or partnership if
for such year, among other
requirements, (i) at least 50 percent of
the total gross income of the entity is
derived from the active conduct of a
qualified business within any lowincome community, (ii) a substantial
portion of the use of the tangible
property of the entity (whether owned
or leased) is within any low-income
community, and (iii) a substantial
portion of the services performed for the
entity by its employees are performed in
any low-income community.
Under section 45D(d)(3), with certain
exceptions, a qualified business is any
trade or business. The rental to others of
real property is a qualified business
only if, among other requirements, the
real property is located in a low-income
community.
Explanation of Provisions
The new markets tax credit under
section 45D has been a successful tool
for encouraging private sector
investments in low-income
communities. According to the Treasury
Department’s Community Development
Financial Institutions Fund, through
2009, the new markets tax credit has
helped to spur $16 billion of
investments in approximately 3,000
businesses and real estate projects
located in low-income communities
throughout the country, including
investments in manufacturing
businesses, alternative energy
companies, charter schools, health care
facilities, and job training centers.
Although new markets tax credit
investments may be made in non-real
estate businesses, the investments made
to date have been predominantly in real
estate projects. Through 2009, only 35
percent of new market tax credit dollars
invested in qualified active low-income
community businesses were invested in
non-real estate businesses, and much of
this investment supported real estate
related projects (for example,
purchasing or renovations of owneroccupied facilities).
Currently, the new markets tax credit
program generally requires that a CDE
that receives returns on investments
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(including principal repayments from
amortizing loans) re-invest those
proceeds into other qualified lowincome community investments during
the seven-year credit period. This
reinvestment requirement makes it
difficult for CDEs to provide working
capital and equipment loans to non-real
estate businesses because these loans
are ordinarily amortizing loans with a
term of five years or less. Therefore, the
proposed regulations would allow a
CDE that makes a qualified low-income
community investment involving a nonreal estate business to invest certain
returns of capital from those
investments in unrelated certified
community development financial
institutions that are CDEs under section
45D(c)(2)(B) (certified CDFIs) at various
points during the seven-year credit
period. CDFIs are financial institutions
that provide credit and financial
services to underserved markets and
populations. The CDE’s reinvestment of
returned capital in certified CDFIs
would be considered to meet the
reinvestment requirements of the new
markets tax credit program. The
proposed regulations would allow an
increasing aggregate amount to be
invested in certified CDFIs and treated
as continuously invested in a qualified
low-income community investment in
the latter years of the seven-year credit
period.
The proposed regulations define a
non-real estate qualified active lowincome community business as any
business whose predominant business
activity (measured by more than 50
percent of the business’ gross income)
does not include the development
(including construction of new facilities
and rehabilitation/enhancement of
existing facilities), management, or
leasing of real estate. The purpose of the
investment or loan must not be
connected to the development
(including construction of new facilities
and rehabilitation/enhancement of
existing facilities), management, or
leasing of real estate.
Proposed Effective Date
The rules contained in these
regulations are proposed to apply to
taxable years ending on or after the date
of publication of the Treasury decision
adopting these rules as final regulations
in the Federal Register.
Request for Comments
The IRS and the Treasury Department
invite taxpayers to submit comments on
issues relating to how a CDE can make
a qualified low-income community
investment into a non-real estate
qualified active low-income community
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Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 109 / Tuesday, June 7, 2011 / Proposed Rules
business. In particular, the IRS and the
Treasury Department encourage
taxpayers to submit comments on the
following issues:
1. Will the proposed rules allowing a
payment from a non-real estate qualified
active low-income community business
to be invested in a certified CDFI
facilitate loans to, or equity investments
in, non-real estate businesses? Should
the rule take into account whether a
loan to the non-real estate business is an
amortizing or non-amortizing loan, the
loan period, and the loan repayment
schedule?
2. Will the proposed rules encourage
venture capital investments in non-real
estate businesses? If not, how can the
proposed rules be modified to
accomplish that goal?
3. Is the definition of a non-real estate
qualified active low-income community
business sufficient for CDEs and
investors to rely on? Are the ‘‘more than
50 percent gross income’’ requirement
and activity limitation the appropriate
ways to define a non-real estate
qualified active low-income community
business?
4. Will CDEs be able to determine
whether an entity satisfies the
requirements to be a non-real estate
qualified active low-income community
business without incurring unduly
burdensome costs?
5. Should a payment from a non-real
estate qualified active low-income
community business be permitted to be
invested in entities other than a certified
CDFI (or qualified low-income
community investments)?
6. Should a qualified equity
investment made before the effective
date of the final regulations be eligible
for designation as a non-real estate
qualified equity investment?
emcdonald on DSK2BSOYB1PROD with PROPOSALS
Special Analyses
It has been determined that this notice
of proposed rulemaking is not a
significant regulatory action as defined
in Executive Order 12866. Therefore, a
regulatory assessment is not required. It
also has been determined that section
553(b) of the Administrative Procedure
Act (5 U.S.C. chapter 5) does not apply
to these regulations, and because the
regulations do not impose a collection
of information on small entities, the
Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C.
chapter 6) does not apply. Pursuant to
section 7805(f) of the Code, this notice
of proposed rulemaking has been
submitted to the Chief Counsel for
Advocacy of the Small Business
Administration for comment on its
impact on small business.
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Comments and Public Hearing
PART 1—INCOME TAXES
Before these proposed regulations are
adopted as final regulations,
consideration will be given to any
written comments (a signed original and
eight (8) copies) or electronic comments
that are submitted timely to the IRS.
Comments are requested on all aspects
of the proposed regulations. In addition,
the IRS and the Treasury Department
specifically request comments on the
clarity of the proposed rules and how
they can be made easier to understand.
All comments will be available for
public inspection and copying.
A public hearing has been scheduled
for September 29, 2011, beginning at 10
a.m. in the Auditorium of the Internal
Revenue Building, 1111 Constitution
Avenue, NW., Washington, DC. Due to
building security procedures, visitors
must enter at the Constitution Avenue
entrance. Because of access restrictions,
visitors will not be admitted beyond the
immediate entrance area more than 30
minutes before the hearing starts. In
addition, all visitors must present photo
identification to enter the building. For
information about having your name
placed on the building access list to
attend the hearing, see the FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT section of this
preamble.
The rules of 26 CFR 601.601(a)(3)
apply to the hearing. Persons who wish
to present oral comments at the hearing
must submit electronic or written
comments by September 8, 2011, and an
outline of the topics to be discussed and
the time to be devoted to each topic by
September 8, 2011. A period of 10
minutes will be allotted to each person
for making comments. An agenda
showing the scheduling of the speakers
will be prepared after the deadline for
receiving outlines has passed. Copies of
the agenda will be available free of
charge at the hearing.
Paragraph 1. The authority citation
for part 1 continues to read in part as
follows:
Drafting Information
The principal author of these
regulations is Julie Hanlon Bolton with
the Office of the Associate Chief
Counsel (Passthroughs and Special
Industries). However, other personnel
from the IRS and the Treasury
Department participated in their
development.
List of Subjects in 26 CFR Part 1
Income taxes, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements.
Proposed Amendments to the
Regulations
Accordingly, 26 CFR part 1 is
proposed to be amended as follows:
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Authority: 26 U.S.C. 7805 * * *
Par. 2. Section 1.45D–1 is amended
by:
1. Amending paragraph (a) as follows:
a. Adding entries for paragraphs
(c)(8), (d)(9), (d)(9)(i), (d)(9)(ii),
(d)(9)(ii)(A), (d)(9)(ii)(B), (d)(9)(ii)(C)
and (h)(3).
b. Revising the entry for paragraph
(d)(1)(i).
2. Revising paragraphs (c)(1)(iii),
(c)(3)(ii), and (d)(1)(i).
3. Adding new paragraphs (c)(8),
(d)(9), and (h)(3).
The additions and revisions read as
follows:
§ 1.45D–1
New markets tax credit.
*
*
*
*
*
(c) * * *
(8) Non-real estate qualified equity
investment.
(d) * * *
(1) * * *
(i) Investment in a qualified active
low-income community business or a
non-real estate qualified active lowincome community business.
*
*
*
*
*
(9) Non-real estate qualified active
low-income community business.
(i) Definition.
(ii) Payments of, or for, capital, equity
or principal with respect to a non-real
estate qualified active low-income
community business.
(A) In general.
(B) Seventh year of the credit period.
(C) Amounts received from a certified
Community Development Financial
Institution.
*
*
*
*
*
(h) * * *
(3) Investments in non-real estate
businesses.
*
*
*
*
*
(c) * * *
(1) * * *
(iii) The investment is designated for
purposes of section 45D and this section
as a qualified equity investment or a
non-real estate qualified equity
investment (as defined in paragraph
(c)(8) of this section) by the CDE on its
books and records using any reasonable
method.
*
*
*
*
*
(3) * * *
(ii) Exceptions. Notwithstanding
paragraph (c)(3)(i) of this section, an
equity investment in an entity is eligible
to be designated as a qualified equity
investment or a non-real estate qualified
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emcdonald on DSK2BSOYB1PROD with PROPOSALS
Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 109 / Tuesday, June 7, 2011 / Proposed Rules
equity investment under paragraph
(c)(1)(iii) of this section if—
*
*
*
*
*
(8) Non-real estate qualified equity
investment. If a qualified equity
investment is designated as a non-real
estate qualified equity investment under
paragraph (c)(1)(iii) of this section, then
the qualified equity investment may
only satisfy the substantially-all
requirement under paragraph (c)(5) of
this section if the CDE only makes
qualified low-income community
investments that are directly traceable to
non-real estate qualified active lowincome community businesses (as
defined in paragraph (d)(9) of this
section). The proceeds of a non-real
estate qualified equity investment
cannot be used for transactions
involving a qualified active low-income
community business that is not a nonreal estate qualified active low-income
community business.
(d) * * *
(1) * * *
(i) Investment in a qualified active
low-income community business or a
non-real estate qualified active lowincome community business. Any
capital or equity investment in, or loan
to, any qualified active low-income
community business (as defined in
paragraph (d)(4) of this section) or any
non-real estate qualified active lowincome community business (as defined
in paragraph (d)(9) of this section).
*
*
*
*
*
(9) Non-real estate qualified active
low-income community business—(i)
Definition. The term non-real estate
qualified active low-income community
business means any qualified active
low-income community business (as
defined in paragraph (d)(4) of this
section) whose predominant business
activity does not include the
development (including construction of
new facilities and rehabilitation/
enhancement of existing facilities),
management, or leasing of real estate.
For purposes of the preceding sentence,
predominant business activity means a
business activity that generates more
than 50 percent of the business’ gross
income. The purpose of the capital or
equity investment in, or loan to, the
non-real estate qualified active lowincome community business must not
be connected to the development
(including construction of new facilities
and rehabilitation/enhancement of
existing facilities), management, or
leasing of real estate.
(ii) Payments of, or for, capital, equity
or principal with respect to a non-real
estate qualified active low-income
community business—(A) In general.
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For purposes of paragraph (d)(2)(i) of
this section, a portion of the amounts
received by a CDE in payment of, or for,
capital, equity, or principal with respect
to a non-real estate qualified active lowincome community business after year
one of the 7-year credit period (as
defined by paragraph (c)(5)(i) of this
section) may be reinvested by the CDE
in a certified community development
financial institution that is a CDE under
section 45D(c)(2)(B) (certified CDFI) (as
defined by 12 CFR 1805.201) and that is
unrelated to the CDE (in accordance
with section 267(b) or section 707(b)(1)).
Any portion that the CDE chooses to
reinvest in a certified CDFI must be
reinvested by the CDE no later than 30
days from the date of receipt to be
treated as continuously invested in a
qualified low-income community
investment for purposes of paragraph
(d)(2)(i) of this section. If the amount
reinvested in a certified CDFI exceeds
the maximum aggregate portion of the
non-real estate qualified equity
investment, then the excess will not be
treated as invested in a qualified lowincome community investment. The
maximum aggregate portion of the nonreal estate qualified equity investment
that may be reinvested into a certified
CDFI, which will be treated as
continuously invested in a qualified
low-income community investment,
may not exceed the following
percentages of the non-real estate
qualified equity investment in the
following years:
(1) 15 percent in Year 2 of the 7-year
credit period;
(2) 30 percent in Year 3 of the 7-year
credit period;
(3) 50 percent in Year 4 of the 7-year
credit period; and
(4) 85 percent in Year 5 and Year 6
of the 7-year credit period.
(B) Seventh year of the credit period.
Amounts received by a CDE in payment
of, or for, capital, equity, or principal
with respect to a non-real estate
qualified active low-income community
business (as defined in paragraph
(d)(9)(i) of this section) during the
seventh year of the 7-year credit period
do not have to be reinvested by the CDE
in a qualified low-income community
investment in order to be treated as
continuously invested in a qualified
low-income community investment.
(C) Amounts received from a certified
Community Development Financial
Institution. Except for the seventh year
of the credit period under paragraph
(d)(9)(ii)(B) of this section, amounts
received from a certified CDFI must be
reinvested by the CDE no later than 30
days from the date of receipt to be
treated as continuously invested in a
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32885
qualified low-income community
investment.
*
*
*
*
*
(h) * * *
(3) Investments in non-real estate
businesses. The rules in paragraphs
(c)(8) and (d)(9) of this section apply to
taxable years ending on or after the date
of publication of the Treasury decision
adopting these rules as final regulation
in the Federal Register.
Steven T. Miller,
Deputy Commissioner for Services and
Enforcement.
[FR Doc. 2011–13978 Filed 6–3–11; 4:15 pm]
BILLING CODE 4830–01–P
DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
Internal Revenue Service
26 CFR Part 31
[REG–151687–10]
RIN 1545–BJ98
Withholding on Payments by
Government Entities to Persons
Providing Property or Services;
Correction
Internal Revenue Service (IRS),
Treasury.
ACTION: Correction to notice of proposed
rulemaking.
AGENCY:
This document contains a
correction to a notice of proposed
rulemaking (REG–151687–10) that was
published in the Federal Register on
Monday, May 9, 2011 (76 FR 26678).
The proposed regulation provides
guidance relating to withholding by
government entities on payments to
persons providing property or services.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: A.G.
Kelley, (202) 622–6040 (not a toll free
number).
SUMMARY:
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Background
The notice of proposed rulemaking
(REG–151687–10) that is the subject of
this correction is under section 3042(t)
of the Internal Revenue Code.
Need for Correction
As published, the notice of proposed
rulemaking (REG–151687–10) contains
an error that may prove to be misleading
and is in need of clarification.
Correction of Publication
Accordingly, the notice of proposed
rulemaking (REG–151687–10), that was
the subject of FR Doc. 2011–10758, is
corrected as follows:
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]]>Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 76, Number 109 (Tuesday, June 7, 2011)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 32882-32885]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2011-13978]
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DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
Internal Revenue Service
26 CFR Part 1
[REG-101826-11]
RIN 1545-BK04
New Markets Tax Credit Non-Real Estate Investments
AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury.
ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking and notice of public hearing.
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SUMMARY: This document contains proposed regulations modifying the new
markets tax credit program to facilitate and encourage investments in
non-real estate businesses in low-income communities. The regulations
will affect taxpayers claiming the new markets tax credit and
businesses in low-income communities relying on the program. This
document also provides a notice of a public hearing on these proposed
regulations. The Treasury Department and the IRS have published
separately in this issue of the Federal Register an advance notice of
proposed rulemaking REG-114206-11 requesting comments on additional
modifications to the new markets tax credit program to facilitate and
encourage investments in non-real estate businesses in low-income
communities.
DATES: Written or electronic comments must be received by September 8,
2011. Outlines of topics to be discussed at the public hearing
scheduled for Thursday, September 29, 2011, must be received by
September 8, 2011.
ADDRESSES: Send submissions to: CC:PA:LPD:PR (REG-101826-11), room
5203, Internal Revenue Service, PO Box 7604, Ben Franklin Station,
Washington, DC 20044. Submissions may be hand-delivered Monday through
Friday between the hours of 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. to CC:PA:LPD:PR (REG-
101826-11), Courier's Desk, Internal Revenue Service, 1111 Constitution
Avenue, NW., Washington, DC, or sent electronically, via the Federal
eRulemaking Portal at https://www.regulations.gov (IRS REG-101826-11).
The public hearing will be held in the Auditorium of the Internal
Revenue Building, 1111 Constitution Avenue, NW., Washington, DC.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Concerning the regulations, Julie
Hanlon-Bolton, (202) 622-3040; concerning submission of comments, the
hearing, and/or to be placed on the building access list to attend the
hearing, Richard Hurst, (202) 622-7180 (not toll-free numbers).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Background
This document amends 26 CFR part 1 to provide additional rules
relating to the new markets tax credit under section 45D of the
Internal Revenue Code (Code). Section 45D was added to the Code by
section 121 of the Community Renewal Tax Relief Act of 2000 (Pub. L.
106-554, 114 Stat. 2763 (2000)) and amended by section 221 of the
American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 (Pub. L. 108-357, 118 Stat. 1418
(2004)), section 101 of the Gulf Opportunity Zone Act of 2005 (Pub. L.
109-135, 119 Stat. 25 (2005)), Division A, section 102 of the Tax
Relief and Health Care Act of 2006 (Pub. L. 109-432, 120 Stat. 2922
(2006)), section 302, Division C of the Tax Extenders and Alternative
Minimum Tax Relief Act of 2008 (Pub. L. 110-343, 122 Stat. 3765
(2008)),
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section 1403(a)(1) of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Tax Act of
2009 (Pub. L. 111-5, 123 Stat. 115 (2009)), and section 733 of the Tax
Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of
2010 (Pub. L. 111-312, 124 Stat. 3296 (2010)).
Groups and organizations representing investors, qualified
community development entities, businesses, and other entities involved
with the new markets tax credit program have submitted comments
requesting additional guidance to encourage more investment in non-real
estate businesses. The commentators suggested that revising the new
markets tax credit program to encourage investment in non-real estate
businesses will bring increased amounts of capital to underserved
businesses in low-income communities. The Treasury Department and IRS
believe that revisions of the reinvestment rules of the new markets tax
credit program would have a positive impact on the ability of the
program to benefit non-real estate businesses in low-income
communities.
General Overview
Section 45D(a)(1) allows a new markets tax credit on certain credit
allowance dates described in section 45D(a)(3) with respect to a
qualified equity investment in a qualified community development entity
(CDE) described in section 45D(c).
Under section 45D(b)(1), an equity investment in a CDE is a
qualified equity investment if, among other requirements: (A) the
investment is acquired by the taxpayer at its original issue (directly
or through an underwriter) solely in exchange for cash; (B)
substantially all of the cash is used by the CDE to make qualified low-
income community investments; and (C) the investment is designated for
purposes of section 45D by the CDE.
Under section 45D(b)(2), the maximum amount of equity investments
issued by a CDE that may be designated by the CDE as qualified equity
investments shall not exceed the portion of the new markets tax credit
limitation set forth in section 45D(f)(1) that is allocated to the CDE
by the Secretary under section 45D(f)(2).
Section 45D(c)(1) provides that an entity is a CDE if, among other
requirements, the entity is certified by the Secretary as a CDE.
Section 45D(d)(1) defines qualified low-income community investment
to mean: (A) any capital or equity investment in, or loan to, any
qualified active low-income community business (as defined in section
45D(d)(2)); (B) the purchase from another CDE of any loan made by the
entity that is a qualified low-income community investment; (C)
financial counseling and other services specified in regulations
prescribed by the Secretary to businesses located in, and residents of,
low-income communities; and (D) any equity investment in, or loan to,
any CDE.
Under section 45D(d)(2)(A), a qualified active low-income community
business is any corporation (including a nonprofit corporation) or
partnership if for such year, among other requirements, (i) at least 50
percent of the total gross income of the entity is derived from the
active conduct of a qualified business within any low-income community,
(ii) a substantial portion of the use of the tangible property of the
entity (whether owned or leased) is within any low-income community,
and (iii) a substantial portion of the services performed for the
entity by its employees are performed in any low-income community.
Under section 45D(d)(3), with certain exceptions, a qualified
business is any trade or business. The rental to others of real
property is a qualified business only if, among other requirements, the
real property is located in a low-income community.
Explanation of Provisions
The new markets tax credit under section 45D has been a successful
tool for encouraging private sector investments in low-income
communities. According to the Treasury Department's Community
Development Financial Institutions Fund, through 2009, the new markets
tax credit has helped to spur $16 billion of investments in
approximately 3,000 businesses and real estate projects located in low-
income communities throughout the country, including investments in
manufacturing businesses, alternative energy companies, charter
schools, health care facilities, and job training centers. Although new
markets tax credit investments may be made in non-real estate
businesses, the investments made to date have been predominantly in
real estate projects. Through 2009, only 35 percent of new market tax
credit dollars invested in qualified active low-income community
businesses were invested in non-real estate businesses, and much of
this investment supported real estate related projects (for example,
purchasing or renovations of owner-occupied facilities).
Currently, the new markets tax credit program generally requires
that a CDE that receives returns on investments (including principal
repayments from amortizing loans) re-invest those proceeds into other
qualified low-income community investments during the seven-year credit
period. This reinvestment requirement makes it difficult for CDEs to
provide working capital and equipment loans to non-real estate
businesses because these loans are ordinarily amortizing loans with a
term of five years or less. Therefore, the proposed regulations would
allow a CDE that makes a qualified low-income community investment
involving a non-real estate business to invest certain returns of
capital from those investments in unrelated certified community
development financial institutions that are CDEs under section
45D(c)(2)(B) (certified CDFIs) at various points during the seven-year
credit period. CDFIs are financial institutions that provide credit and
financial services to underserved markets and populations. The CDE's
reinvestment of returned capital in certified CDFIs would be considered
to meet the reinvestment requirements of the new markets tax credit
program. The proposed regulations would allow an increasing aggregate
amount to be invested in certified CDFIs and treated as continuously
invested in a qualified low-income community investment in the latter
years of the seven-year credit period.
The proposed regulations define a non-real estate qualified active
low-income community business as any business whose predominant
business activity (measured by more than 50 percent of the business'
gross income) does not include the development (including construction
of new facilities and rehabilitation/enhancement of existing
facilities), management, or leasing of real estate. The purpose of the
investment or loan must not be connected to the development (including
construction of new facilities and rehabilitation/enhancement of
existing facilities), management, or leasing of real estate.
Proposed Effective Date
The rules contained in these regulations are proposed to apply to
taxable years ending on or after the date of publication of the
Treasury decision adopting these rules as final regulations in the
Federal Register.
Request for Comments
The IRS and the Treasury Department invite taxpayers to submit
comments on issues relating to how a CDE can make a qualified low-
income community investment into a non-real estate qualified active
low-income community
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business. In particular, the IRS and the Treasury Department encourage
taxpayers to submit comments on the following issues:
1. Will the proposed rules allowing a payment from a non-real
estate qualified active low-income community business to be invested in
a certified CDFI facilitate loans to, or equity investments in, non-
real estate businesses? Should the rule take into account whether a
loan to the non-real estate business is an amortizing or non-amortizing
loan, the loan period, and the loan repayment schedule?
2. Will the proposed rules encourage venture capital investments in
non-real estate businesses? If not, how can the proposed rules be
modified to accomplish that goal?
3. Is the definition of a non-real estate qualified active low-
income community business sufficient for CDEs and investors to rely on?
Are the ``more than 50 percent gross income'' requirement and activity
limitation the appropriate ways to define a non-real estate qualified
active low-income community business?
4. Will CDEs be able to determine whether an entity satisfies the
requirements to be a non-real estate qualified active low-income
community business without incurring unduly burdensome costs?
5. Should a payment from a non-real estate qualified active low-
income community business be permitted to be invested in entities other
than a certified CDFI (or qualified low-income community investments)?
6. Should a qualified equity investment made before the effective
date of the final regulations be eligible for designation as a non-real
estate qualified equity investment?
Special Analyses
It has been determined that this notice of proposed rulemaking is
not a significant regulatory action as defined in Executive Order
12866. Therefore, a regulatory assessment is not required. It also has
been determined that section 553(b) of the Administrative Procedure Act
(5 U.S.C. chapter 5) does not apply to these regulations, and because
the regulations do not impose a collection of information on small
entities, the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. chapter 6) does not
apply. Pursuant to section 7805(f) of the Code, this notice of proposed
rulemaking has been submitted to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the
Small Business Administration for comment on its impact on small
business.
Comments and Public Hearing
Before these proposed regulations are adopted as final regulations,
consideration will be given to any written comments (a signed original
and eight (8) copies) or electronic comments that are submitted timely
to the IRS. Comments are requested on all aspects of the proposed
regulations. In addition, the IRS and the Treasury Department
specifically request comments on the clarity of the proposed rules and
how they can be made easier to understand. All comments will be
available for public inspection and copying.
A public hearing has been scheduled for September 29, 2011,
beginning at 10 a.m. in the Auditorium of the Internal Revenue
Building, 1111 Constitution Avenue, NW., Washington, DC. Due to
building security procedures, visitors must enter at the Constitution
Avenue entrance. Because of access restrictions, visitors will not be
admitted beyond the immediate entrance area more than 30 minutes before
the hearing starts. In addition, all visitors must present photo
identification to enter the building. For information about having your
name placed on the building access list to attend the hearing, see the
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section of this preamble.
The rules of 26 CFR 601.601(a)(3) apply to the hearing. Persons who
wish to present oral comments at the hearing must submit electronic or
written comments by September 8, 2011, and an outline of the topics to
be discussed and the time to be devoted to each topic by September 8,
2011. A period of 10 minutes will be allotted to each person for making
comments. An agenda showing the scheduling of the speakers will be
prepared after the deadline for receiving outlines has passed. Copies
of the agenda will be available free of charge at the hearing.
Drafting Information
The principal author of these regulations is Julie Hanlon Bolton
with the Office of the Associate Chief Counsel (Passthroughs and
Special Industries). However, other personnel from the IRS and the
Treasury Department participated in their development.
List of Subjects in 26 CFR Part 1
Income taxes, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
Proposed Amendments to the Regulations
Accordingly, 26 CFR part 1 is proposed to be amended as follows:
PART 1--INCOME TAXES
Paragraph 1. The authority citation for part 1 continues to read in
part as follows:
Authority: 26 U.S.C. 7805 * * *
Par. 2. Section 1.45D-1 is amended by:
1. Amending paragraph (a) as follows:
a. Adding entries for paragraphs (c)(8), (d)(9), (d)(9)(i),
(d)(9)(ii), (d)(9)(ii)(A), (d)(9)(ii)(B), (d)(9)(ii)(C) and (h)(3).
b. Revising the entry for paragraph (d)(1)(i).
2. Revising paragraphs (c)(1)(iii), (c)(3)(ii), and (d)(1)(i).
3. Adding new paragraphs (c)(8), (d)(9), and (h)(3).
The additions and revisions read as follows:
Sec. 1.45D-1 New markets tax credit.
* * * * *
(c) * * *
(8) Non-real estate qualified equity investment.
(d) * * *
(1) * * *
(i) Investment in a qualified active low-income community business
or a non-real estate qualified active low-income community business.
* * * * *
(9) Non-real estate qualified active low-income community business.
(i) Definition.
(ii) Payments of, or for, capital, equity or principal with respect
to a non-real estate qualified active low-income community business.
(A) In general.
(B) Seventh year of the credit period.
(C) Amounts received from a certified Community Development
Financial Institution.
* * * * *
(h) * * *
(3) Investments in non-real estate businesses.
* * * * *
(c) * * *
(1) * * *
(iii) The investment is designated for purposes of section 45D and
this section as a qualified equity investment or a non-real estate
qualified equity investment (as defined in paragraph (c)(8) of this
section) by the CDE on its books and records using any reasonable
method.
* * * * *
(3) * * *
(ii) Exceptions. Notwithstanding paragraph (c)(3)(i) of this
section, an equity investment in an entity is eligible to be designated
as a qualified equity investment or a non-real estate qualified
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equity investment under paragraph (c)(1)(iii) of this section if--
* * * * *
(8) Non-real estate qualified equity investment. If a qualified
equity investment is designated as a non-real estate qualified equity
investment under paragraph (c)(1)(iii) of this section, then the
qualified equity investment may only satisfy the substantially-all
requirement under paragraph (c)(5) of this section if the CDE only
makes qualified low-income community investments that are directly
traceable to non-real estate qualified active low-income community
businesses (as defined in paragraph (d)(9) of this section). The
proceeds of a non-real estate qualified equity investment cannot be
used for transactions involving a qualified active low-income community
business that is not a non-real estate qualified active low-income
community business.
(d) * * *
(1) * * *
(i) Investment in a qualified active low-income community business
or a non-real estate qualified active low-income community business.
Any capital or equity investment in, or loan to, any qualified active
low-income community business (as defined in paragraph (d)(4) of this
section) or any non-real estate qualified active low-income community
business (as defined in paragraph (d)(9) of this section).
* * * * *
(9) Non-real estate qualified active low-income community
business--(i) Definition. The term non-real estate qualified active
low-income community business means any qualified active low-income
community business (as defined in paragraph (d)(4) of this section)
whose predominant business activity does not include the development
(including construction of new facilities and rehabilitation/
enhancement of existing facilities), management, or leasing of real
estate. For purposes of the preceding sentence, predominant business
activity means a business activity that generates more than 50 percent
of the business' gross income. The purpose of the capital or equity
investment in, or loan to, the non-real estate qualified active low-
income community business must not be connected to the development
(including construction of new facilities and rehabilitation/
enhancement of existing facilities), management, or leasing of real
estate.
(ii) Payments of, or for, capital, equity or principal with respect
to a non-real estate qualified active low-income community business--
(A) In general. For purposes of paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section, a
portion of the amounts received by a CDE in payment of, or for,
capital, equity, or principal with respect to a non-real estate
qualified active low-income community business after year one of the 7-
year credit period (as defined by paragraph (c)(5)(i) of this section)
may be reinvested by the CDE in a certified community development
financial institution that is a CDE under section 45D(c)(2)(B)
(certified CDFI) (as defined by 12 CFR 1805.201) and that is unrelated
to the CDE (in accordance with section 267(b) or section 707(b)(1)).
Any portion that the CDE chooses to reinvest in a certified CDFI must
be reinvested by the CDE no later than 30 days from the date of receipt
to be treated as continuously invested in a qualified low-income
community investment for purposes of paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this
section. If the amount reinvested in a certified CDFI exceeds the
maximum aggregate portion of the non-real estate qualified equity
investment, then the excess will not be treated as invested in a
qualified low-income community investment. The maximum aggregate
portion of the non-real estate qualified equity investment that may be
reinvested into a certified CDFI, which will be treated as continuously
invested in a qualified low-income community investment, may not exceed
the following percentages of the non-real estate qualified equity
investment in the following years:
(1) 15 percent in Year 2 of the 7-year credit period;
(2) 30 percent in Year 3 of the 7-year credit period;
(3) 50 percent in Year 4 of the 7-year credit period; and
(4) 85 percent in Year 5 and Year 6 of the 7-year credit period.
(B) Seventh year of the credit period. Amounts received by a CDE in
payment of, or for, capital, equity, or principal with respect to a
non-real estate qualified active low-income community business (as
defined in paragraph (d)(9)(i) of this section) during the seventh year
of the 7-year credit period do not have to be reinvested by the CDE in
a qualified low-income community investment in order to be treated as
continuously invested in a qualified low-income community investment.
(C) Amounts received from a certified Community Development
Financial Institution. Except for the seventh year of the credit period
under paragraph (d)(9)(ii)(B) of this section, amounts received from a
certified CDFI must be reinvested by the CDE no later than 30 days from
the date of receipt to be treated as continuously invested in a
qualified low-income community investment.
* * * * *
(h) * * *
(3) Investments in non-real estate businesses. The rules in
paragraphs (c)(8) and (d)(9) of this section apply to taxable years
ending on or after the date of publication of the Treasury decision
adopting these rules as final regulation in the Federal Register.
Steven T. Miller,
Deputy Commissioner for Services and Enforcement.
[FR Doc. 2011-13978 Filed 6-3-11; 4:15 pm]
BILLING CODE 4830-01-P
