Update of the 2003 Interagency Quantitative Assessment of the Relative Risk to Public Health From Foodborne Listeria Monocytogenes Among Selected Categories of Ready-to-Eat Foods; Request for Comments, Scientific Data and Information, 19311-19313 [2011-8360]
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Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 67 / Thursday, April 7, 2011 / Notices
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Food Safety and Inspection Service
[Docket No. FSIS–2010–0035]
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND
HUMAN SERVICES
Food and Drug Administration
[Docket No. FDA–2011–N–0092]
Update of the 2003 Interagency
Quantitative Assessment of the
Relative Risk to Public Health From
Foodborne Listeria Monocytogenes
Among Selected Categories of Readyto-Eat Foods; Request for Comments,
Scientific Data and Information
Food Safety and Inspection
Service, USDA; Food and Drug
Administration, HHS.
ACTION: Notice; request for comments
and for scientific data and information.
AGENCY:
The Food Safety and
Inspection Service (FSIS) and the Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) are
requesting comments and scientific data
and information that would assist the
agencies in their plan to update a risk
assessment on the relationship between
foodborne Listeria monocytogenes in
selected categories of ready-to-eat (RTE)
foods and human health. The purpose of
the risk assessment is to incorporate
newly available scientific data and
information into the risk assessment in
order to update estimates of the relative
risk of illness and death associated with
the consumption of different types of
RTE foods that may be contaminated
with L. monocytogenes and to evaluate
the relative effectiveness of strategies to
reduce or prevent exposure to L.
monocytogenes from the consumption
of RTE foods, including, for example,
the impact of changing refrigerated time
and temperature storage prior to
consumption.
FDA: Submit electronic comments
and scientific data and information to
https://www.regulations.gov. Submit
written comments and scientific data
and information to the Division of
Dockets Management (HFA–305), Food
and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers
Lane, rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852.
All submissions must include the
Agency name and docket number FDA–
2011–N–0092.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
FSIS: Janell Kause, Office of Public
Health Science, Food Safety and
Inspection Service, United States
Department of Agriculture, 1400
Independence Ave., Aerospace
Maildrop 344, Washington, DC 20250,
202–690–0286; or
FDA: Sherri Dennis, Center for Food
Safety and Applied Nutrition (HFS–06),
Food and Drug Administration, 5100
Paint Branch Pkwy., College Park, MD
20740, 301–436–1914.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
SUMMARY:
I. Background
Submit electronic or written
comments and scientific data and
information by July 6, 2011.
ADDRESSES: FSIS: Submit electronic
comments and scientific data and
information to https://
www.regulations.gov. Submit written
comments and scientific data and
information to the Docket Clerk, U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Food Safety
and Inspection Service, George
Washington Carver Center, 5601
Sunnyside Ave., Mailstop 5474,
Beltsville, MD 20705–5464. All
submissions must include the Agency
name and docket number FSIS–2010–
0035.
Listeria monocytogenes is a bacterium
that is commonly found in the human
environment, including food processing
environments. After ingesting L.
monocytogenes, humans can develop
listeriosis, a severe foodborne disease
with a high case-fatality rate. Listeriosis
occurs predominantly in high-risk
population subgroups, including
pregnant women and their fetuses or
neonates, immune-compromised
individuals, and the elderly population
(defined for the purpose of the risk
assessment discussed in this notice as
individuals who are 60 years of age or
older). Due to the high proportion of
serious illnesses and the high casefatality rate associated with listeriosis,
the ‘‘Healthy People 2010’’ goals for
national disease prevention and health
promotion specified a reduction in the
prevalence of foodborne listeriosis by 50
percent as an important objective (Ref.
1). (‘‘Healthy People’’ is a national health
promotion and disease prevention
initiative that brings together national,
State, and local government agencies;
nonprofit, voluntary, and professional
organizations; and businesses,
communities, and individuals to
improve the health and quality of life of
all Americans, eliminate disparities in
health, and promote good health and
quality of life across all life stages (Ref.
2).) However, despite considerable
efforts to reduce the number of
listeriosis cases during the past decade,
the listeriosis prevalence still exceeds
the ‘‘Healthy People 2010’’ target of 0.25
cases per 100,000 population (Ref. 3).
(Note that then President Clinton’s
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DATES:
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19311
Council on Food Safety, established by
Executive Order 13100, August 25,
1998, developed a strategic plan that set
public health goals including, by 2005,
reducing foodborne illness by 25
percent for some pathogens and for
others to the quantitative targets
established in ‘‘Healthy People 2010.’’ In
2005, FoodNet data showed 0.30 L.
monocytogenes cases per 100,000
population; the ‘‘Healthy People 2005’’
target was 0.25 L. monocytogenes cases
per 100,000 population.) In 2009, the
prevalence of listeriosis had decreased
by only 26 percent compared to the
baseline period (1996 to 1998) rate, and
reducing the prevalence of listeriosis
was retained in the ‘‘Healthy People
2020’’ objectives, with a target of 0.2
cases per 100,000 population (Refs. 3
and 4).
In 2003, FDA and FSIS published a
quantitative assessment of the relative
risk to public health from foodborne L.
monocytogenes among 23 selected
categories of RTE foods (the 2003 risk
assessment) (Ref. 5). This 2003 risk
assessment provided estimates for the
median number of listeriosis cases
attributable to each of 23 RTE food
categories on a per-annum and perserving basis. This allowed for a relative
ranking of the 23 food categories based
on the associated public health risk and
permitted the evaluation of the likely
impact of several ‘‘what-if’’ mitigation
scenarios.
Since publication of the 2003 risk
assessment, the food industry has
changed some practices, including by
adding growth inhibitors to RTE
products. L. monocytogenes prevalence
in some RTE foods has decreased over
the past decade, and a substantial
amount of new scientific data has
become available for potential inclusion
in risk assessments (Refs. 6, 7, and 8).
These changes could potentially affect
the outcomes of the risk assessment and
alter the relative risk rankings of the
RTE food categories evaluated in the
2003 risk assessment.
Risk assessments can be used to
evaluate potential risk mitigation
strategies and can guide, support, and
enhance an Agency’s risk management
policies, outreach efforts, data collection
initiatives, and research priorities. To
help ensure that risk mitigation
strategies, risk management policies,
outreach efforts, data collection
initiatives, and research priorities aimed
at controlling L. monocytogenes in RTE
foods are directed to those RTE foods
that pose the greatest risk, FDA and
FSIS have initiated an update to the
2003 risk assessment. The purpose of
updating the risk assessment is to
incorporate newly available scientific
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data and information that reflect
changes in L. monocytogenes prevalence
and industry practices into the risk
assessment in order to: (1) Update
estimates of the relative risk of
listeriosis associated with the
consumption of different types of RTE
foods that may be contaminated with L.
monocytogenes and (2) evaluate the
relative effectiveness of strategies to
reduce or prevent exposure to L.
monocytogenes from the consumption
of RTE foods, including by modeling the
effect of changing refrigerated storage
times and temperatures. To fill critical
data gaps, FDA and FSIS have initiated
collaborative efforts with the USDA
Agricultural Research Service, academic
partners, and private laboratories to
survey the presence and quantity of L.
monocytogenes in selected categories of
RTE foods. RTE foods chosen for this
survey include: Leafy green vegetables,
low-acid cut fruits, smoked seafood,
seafood and deli-type salads, soft
ripened and semi-soft cheeses,
sandwiches, raw milk, deli meats, hot
ˆ ´
dogs, pate, and meat spreads. Estimates
for other RTE foods to be included in
the risk assessment will be updated
using scientific data newly available in
the literature (if applicable) and
information provided in response to this
notice.
II. Request for Comments and Scientific
Data and Information
FSIS and FDA are requesting
technical comments on the approach
outlined previously for updating the
2003 risk assessment. FDA and FSIS are
also requesting the submission of new
data and information relevant to this
risk assessment that was not available
for inclusion in the previous risk
assessment and that may reflect changes
in L. monocytogenes prevalence and
industry practices that have occurred
since the previous risk assessment.
The agencies specifically request new
data and information concerning, but
not limited to, the following factors that
may affect the relative risk of listeriosis
associated with consumption of the
types of RTE foods that were considered
in the 2003 risk assessment:
1. L. monocytogenes contamination in
different RTE foods sampled at retail or
in the processing plant, including:
• The frequency of detecting the
presence of L. monocytogenes in RTE
foods (including sample size, number of
positives, total number tested for a
specified time period, and test method);
and
• The number of L. monocytogenes
cells present per amount (unit volume
or weight) of contaminated RTE food
(including method used).
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2. L. monocytogenes survival and
growth dynamics in RTE foods,
including:
• Data or models on survival and
growth of L. monocytogenes in specific
RTE food matrices, including the
potential effects of commensal
microflora;
• Data or models on survival and
growth of L. monocytogenes in the
presence or absence of substances that
inhibit or retard growth; and
• Data or models on survival and
growth of L. monocytogenes at different
storage temperatures and over different
storage times.
3. The relationship between the dose
of L. monocytogenes ingested with food
and the frequency of listeriosis,
including:
• The effect of age, health status, or
other characteristics of the consumer on
the dose-response relationship;
• The effect of food matrix and
product formulation on the doseresponse relationship;
• The effect of genetic characteristics
of the L. monocytogenes strain on the
dose-response relationship; and
• Any other data pertinent to L.
monocytogenes dose-response
relationships.
4. Current food consumption practices
in the United States, including:
• The frequency with which different
RTE foods (e.g., deli meats or cheeses
manufactured with growth inhibitors)
are consumed by population subgroups
(e.g., general adult population, pregnant
women, the elderly); and
• Serving sizes for different RTE
foods.
5. Food production practices in the
United States that may impact L.
monocytogenes prevalence,
concentration, survival, or growth in
RTE foods, including:
• The absolute or relative frequency
of manufacturing different RTE foods
with substances that inhibit the growth
of L. monocytogenes and the types and
concentrations of growth inhibitor used;
• The absolute or relative amount of
specific types of RTE foods that are
prepared, sliced, cut, or repackaged in
retail operations as opposed to being
sold pre-sliced/pre-cut;
• The absolute or relative amount of
different RTE foods manufactured
without growth inhibitors that are
prepared, sliced, or repackaged at retail;
• The average shelf life of foods that
were identified in the 2003 risk
assessment (Ref. 4) as supporting L.
monocytogenes growth;
• The average shelf life of RTE foods
that were not explicitly identified in the
2003 risk assessment but that may
conceivably support L. monocytogenes
growth;
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• The ability of current production
practices to prevent or reduce L.
monocytogenes contamination in
finished product;
• The ability of current operational
practices in retail operations to prevent
or reduce L. monocytogenes
contamination in the final product at
the time of sale; and
• The ability of current postprocessing practices to prevent L.
monocytogenes cross-contamination
after processing.
6. Storage times and temperatures that
may affect L. monocytogenes growth
during transport and storage of foods in
the consumer’s home.
7. Other comments, including the RTE
food categories that should be evaluated
in the risk assessment.
III. Request for Comments, Scientific
Data and Information
FSIS: Interested persons may submit
to FSIS’s Docket Clerk (see ADDRESSES)
either electronic or written comments
regarding this document. Identify
comments with the docket number
found in brackets in the heading of this
document. Received comments may be
seen in the FSIS Docket Room between
8:30 a.m. and 4:30 p.m., Monday
through Friday.
FDA: Interested persons may submit
to FDA’s Division of Dockets
Management (see ADDRESSES) either
electronic or written comments
regarding this document. It is only
necessary to send one set of comments.
It is no longer necessary to send two
copies of mailed comments. Identify
comments with the docket number
found in brackets in the heading of this
document. Received comments may be
seen in the Division of Dockets
Management between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m.,
Monday through Friday.
IV. References
The following references are on
display in the Division of Dockets
Management (see ADDRESSES) and may
be seen by interested persons between 9
a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through
Friday. We have verified all addresses,
but we are not responsible for any
subsequent changes to the Web sites
after this document publishes in the
Federal Register.
1. U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, ‘‘Healthy People 2010,’’
Chapter 10, Food Safety, Washington,
DC, 2000, https://www.healthypeople.
gov/2010/Document/pdf/Volume1/
10Food.pdf.
2. U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, ‘‘Healthy People 2020,’’
HP 2020 Framework, Washington, DC,
2010, available at https://www.healthy
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people.gov/2020/Consortium/HP2020
Framework.pdf.
3. Anonymous, 2010, ‘‘Preliminary
FoodNet Data on the Incidence of
Infection With Pathogens Transmitted
Commonly Through Food—10 States,
2009,’’ Morbidity and Mortality Weekly
Report, 59: 418–422, available at
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/
mmwrhtml/mm5914a2.htm.
4. U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, ‘‘Healthy People 2020,’’
HP 2020 FS–1.3, Washington, DC, 2010,
available at https://www.healthypeople.
gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/pdfs/
HP2020objectives.pdf.
5. U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services and U.S. Department of
Agriculture/Food Safety and Inspection
Service, ‘‘Quantitative Assessment of
Relative Risk to Public Health From
Foodborne L. monocytogenes Among
Selected Categories of RTE Foods,’’
September 2003, available in Docket No.
FDA–1999–N–0134 (formerly Docket
No. 1999N–1168), vols. 23 through 28,
available at https://www.fda.gov/Food/
ScienceResearch/ResearchAreas/Risk
AssessmentSafetyAssessment/
ucm183966.htm.
6. Endrikat, S., D. Gallagher, R.
Pouillot, H. Hicks Quesenberry, D.
Labarre, C. M. Schroeder, and J. Kause,
‘‘A Comparative Risk Assessment for L.
monocytogenes in Prepackaged Versus
Retail-Sliced Deli Meat,’’ Journal of
Food Protection, 73:612–9.
7. U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Food Safety and Inspection Service,
2003, 9 CFR part 430, ‘‘Control of
Listeria monocytogenes in Ready-to-Eat
Meat and Poultry Products,’’ final rule.
Federal Register, 68 FR 34208 to 34254.
8. U.S. Department of Agriculture/
Food Safety and Inspection Service,
‘‘The FSIS Microbiological Testing
Program for Ready-to-Eat (RTE) Meat
and Poultry Products, 1990–2009,’’
September 2010, available at https://
www.fsis.usda.gov/Science/Micro_
Testing_RTE/index.asp.
Dated: March 25, 2011.
Alfred V. Almanza,
Administrator, FSIS.
Dated: March 31, 2011.
Leslie Kux,
Acting Assistant Commissioner for Policy.
[FR Doc. 2011–8360 Filed 4–6–11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4160–01–P
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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Forest Service
Forest Service, USDA.
Notice of intent to prepare an
environmental impact statement.
AGENCY:
ACTION:
The Forest Service will
prepare an environmental impact
statement (EIS) to document the
analysis and disclose the environmental
impacts of proposed land management
activities and corresponding alternatives
within the Lakewood Southeast Project.
The purpose of the Lakewood Southeast
Project is to implement land
management activities that are
consistent with direction in the
Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest
2004 Land and Resource Management
Plan and respond to the specific needs
identified in the project area. The
project-specific needs include:
Reintroduction of natural regimes,
wildlife habitat and stream bank
improvement, forest age, forest
composition, and stocking.
DATES: Comments concerning the scope
of the analysis must be received by May
9, 2011 in order to be useful in
preparation of the draft statement. The
draft environmental impact statement is
expected in May 2011 and the final
environmental impact statement is
expected August 2011.
ADDRESSES: Send written comments
concerning this proposal to Marilee
Houtler, Attn: Lakewood Southeast
Project, Lakewood-Laona Ranger
District, 15085 State Road 32,
Lakewood, WI 54138. Comments may
also be sent via e-mail to commentseastern-chequamegon-nicoletlakewood@fs.fed.us, or via facsimile to
715–276–3594. Comments received in
response to this solicitation, including
names and addresses of those who
comment, will be part of the public
record for this proposed action.
Comments submitted anonymously will
be accepted and considered; however,
anonymous comments will not provide
the Agency with the ability to provide
the respondent with subsequent
environmental documents.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Marilee Houtler, NEPA Coordinator at
the above address or by phone at 715–
276–6333.
Individuals who use
telecommunication devices for the deaf
(TDD) may call the Federal Information
Relay Service (FIRS) at 1–800–877–8339
SUMMARY:
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between 8 a.m. and 8 p.m., Eastern
Time, Monday through Friday.
The
information presented in this notice is
included to help the reviewer determine
if they are interested in or potentially
affected by the proposed land
management activities. The information
presented in this notice is summarized.
Those who wish to provide comments,
or are otherwise interested in or affected
by the project, are encouraged to obtain
additional information from the contact
listed above.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest,
Wisconsin, Lakewood Southeast
Project
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Purpose and Need for Action
The current conditions of many forest
stands in the project area vary from
desired conditions in the ChequamegonNicolet National Forest 2004 Land and
Resource Management Plan (forest
plan). Our information shows some of
the more notable gaps between the
existing and desired future conditions
by management area. Of primary
importance is the need for change in: (1)
Loss of natural regimes (2) wildlife
habitat (3) stream improvement (4)
species age structure (5) species
composition and (6) stocking densities.
The dominant habitat in the Lakewood
Southeast Project area is upland conifer
forests mixed with other forest
communities.
Preliminary analysis of the project
area indicates that there are certain
conditions that warrant action to
accomplish the direction and desired
conditions identified in the forest plan.
Proposed Action
Projected project implementation
would be spring of 2012. Lakewood
Southeast Project is located on National
Forest System lands, administered by
the Lakewood-Laona Ranger District,
east of Mountain, WI. The legal
description of the project is Township
31–32 North, Range 17 East. The Forest
Service proposes to reintroduce natural
regimes in the Northern dry forests and
Pine Barrens (mainly fire), improve
wildlife habitat (manage openings,
improve habitat for Regional Forester
Sensitive Species) and stream corridors
(adding long lived species), and use
timber harvest (selection, clearcut,
shelterwood, and thinning) to move
toward desired conditions in the forest
plan.
Responsible Official
The responsible official for this
project is Lakewood-Laona District
Ranger, Chequamegon-Nicolet National
Forest.
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 76, Number 67 (Thursday, April 7, 2011)]
[Notices]
[Pages 19311-19313]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2011-8360]
[[Page 19311]]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Food Safety and Inspection Service
[Docket No. FSIS-2010-0035]
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Food and Drug Administration
[Docket No. FDA-2011-N-0092]
Update of the 2003 Interagency Quantitative Assessment of the
Relative Risk to Public Health From Foodborne Listeria Monocytogenes
Among Selected Categories of Ready-to-Eat Foods; Request for Comments,
Scientific Data and Information
AGENCY: Food Safety and Inspection Service, USDA; Food and Drug
Administration, HHS.
ACTION: Notice; request for comments and for scientific data and
information.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) and the Food and
Drug Administration (FDA) are requesting comments and scientific data
and information that would assist the agencies in their plan to update
a risk assessment on the relationship between foodborne Listeria
monocytogenes in selected categories of ready-to-eat (RTE) foods and
human health. The purpose of the risk assessment is to incorporate
newly available scientific data and information into the risk
assessment in order to update estimates of the relative risk of illness
and death associated with the consumption of different types of RTE
foods that may be contaminated with L. monocytogenes and to evaluate
the relative effectiveness of strategies to reduce or prevent exposure
to L. monocytogenes from the consumption of RTE foods, including, for
example, the impact of changing refrigerated time and temperature
storage prior to consumption.
DATES: Submit electronic or written comments and scientific data and
information by July 6, 2011.
ADDRESSES: FSIS: Submit electronic comments and scientific data and
information to https://www.regulations.gov. Submit written comments and
scientific data and information to the Docket Clerk, U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, George Washington
Carver Center, 5601 Sunnyside Ave., Mailstop 5474, Beltsville, MD
20705-5464. All submissions must include the Agency name and docket
number FSIS-2010-0035.
FDA: Submit electronic comments and scientific data and information
to https://www.regulations.gov. Submit written comments and scientific
data and information to the Division of Dockets Management (HFA-305),
Food and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, rm. 1061, Rockville,
MD 20852. All submissions must include the Agency name and docket
number FDA-2011-N-0092.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: FSIS: Janell Kause, Office of Public
Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, United States
Department of Agriculture, 1400 Independence Ave., Aerospace Maildrop
344, Washington, DC 20250, 202-690-0286; or
FDA: Sherri Dennis, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition
(HFS-06), Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branch Pkwy.,
College Park, MD 20740, 301-436-1914.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
Listeria monocytogenes is a bacterium that is commonly found in the
human environment, including food processing environments. After
ingesting L. monocytogenes, humans can develop listeriosis, a severe
foodborne disease with a high case-fatality rate. Listeriosis occurs
predominantly in high-risk population subgroups, including pregnant
women and their fetuses or neonates, immune-compromised individuals,
and the elderly population (defined for the purpose of the risk
assessment discussed in this notice as individuals who are 60 years of
age or older). Due to the high proportion of serious illnesses and the
high case-fatality rate associated with listeriosis, the ``Healthy
People 2010'' goals for national disease prevention and health
promotion specified a reduction in the prevalence of foodborne
listeriosis by 50 percent as an important objective (Ref. 1).
(``Healthy People'' is a national health promotion and disease
prevention initiative that brings together national, State, and local
government agencies; nonprofit, voluntary, and professional
organizations; and businesses, communities, and individuals to improve
the health and quality of life of all Americans, eliminate disparities
in health, and promote good health and quality of life across all life
stages (Ref. 2).) However, despite considerable efforts to reduce the
number of listeriosis cases during the past decade, the listeriosis
prevalence still exceeds the ``Healthy People 2010'' target of 0.25
cases per 100,000 population (Ref. 3). (Note that then President
Clinton's Council on Food Safety, established by Executive Order 13100,
August 25, 1998, developed a strategic plan that set public health
goals including, by 2005, reducing foodborne illness by 25 percent for
some pathogens and for others to the quantitative targets established
in ``Healthy People 2010.'' In 2005, FoodNet data showed 0.30 L.
monocytogenes cases per 100,000 population; the ``Healthy People 2005''
target was 0.25 L. monocytogenes cases per 100,000 population.) In
2009, the prevalence of listeriosis had decreased by only 26 percent
compared to the baseline period (1996 to 1998) rate, and reducing the
prevalence of listeriosis was retained in the ``Healthy People 2020''
objectives, with a target of 0.2 cases per 100,000 population (Refs. 3
and 4).
In 2003, FDA and FSIS published a quantitative assessment of the
relative risk to public health from foodborne L. monocytogenes among 23
selected categories of RTE foods (the 2003 risk assessment) (Ref. 5).
This 2003 risk assessment provided estimates for the median number of
listeriosis cases attributable to each of 23 RTE food categories on a
per-annum and per-serving basis. This allowed for a relative ranking of
the 23 food categories based on the associated public health risk and
permitted the evaluation of the likely impact of several ``what-if''
mitigation scenarios.
Since publication of the 2003 risk assessment, the food industry
has changed some practices, including by adding growth inhibitors to
RTE products. L. monocytogenes prevalence in some RTE foods has
decreased over the past decade, and a substantial amount of new
scientific data has become available for potential inclusion in risk
assessments (Refs. 6, 7, and 8). These changes could potentially affect
the outcomes of the risk assessment and alter the relative risk
rankings of the RTE food categories evaluated in the 2003 risk
assessment.
Risk assessments can be used to evaluate potential risk mitigation
strategies and can guide, support, and enhance an Agency's risk
management policies, outreach efforts, data collection initiatives, and
research priorities. To help ensure that risk mitigation strategies,
risk management policies, outreach efforts, data collection
initiatives, and research priorities aimed at controlling L.
monocytogenes in RTE foods are directed to those RTE foods that pose
the greatest risk, FDA and FSIS have initiated an update to the 2003
risk assessment. The purpose of updating the risk assessment is to
incorporate newly available scientific
[[Page 19312]]
data and information that reflect changes in L. monocytogenes
prevalence and industry practices into the risk assessment in order to:
(1) Update estimates of the relative risk of listeriosis associated
with the consumption of different types of RTE foods that may be
contaminated with L. monocytogenes and (2) evaluate the relative
effectiveness of strategies to reduce or prevent exposure to L.
monocytogenes from the consumption of RTE foods, including by modeling
the effect of changing refrigerated storage times and temperatures. To
fill critical data gaps, FDA and FSIS have initiated collaborative
efforts with the USDA Agricultural Research Service, academic partners,
and private laboratories to survey the presence and quantity of L.
monocytogenes in selected categories of RTE foods. RTE foods chosen for
this survey include: Leafy green vegetables, low-acid cut fruits,
smoked seafood, seafood and deli-type salads, soft ripened and semi-
soft cheeses, sandwiches, raw milk, deli meats, hot dogs,
p[acirc]t[eacute], and meat spreads. Estimates for other RTE foods to
be included in the risk assessment will be updated using scientific
data newly available in the literature (if applicable) and information
provided in response to this notice.
II. Request for Comments and Scientific Data and Information
FSIS and FDA are requesting technical comments on the approach
outlined previously for updating the 2003 risk assessment. FDA and FSIS
are also requesting the submission of new data and information relevant
to this risk assessment that was not available for inclusion in the
previous risk assessment and that may reflect changes in L.
monocytogenes prevalence and industry practices that have occurred
since the previous risk assessment.
The agencies specifically request new data and information
concerning, but not limited to, the following factors that may affect
the relative risk of listeriosis associated with consumption of the
types of RTE foods that were considered in the 2003 risk assessment:
1. L. monocytogenes contamination in different RTE foods sampled at
retail or in the processing plant, including:
The frequency of detecting the presence of L.
monocytogenes in RTE foods (including sample size, number of positives,
total number tested for a specified time period, and test method); and
The number of L. monocytogenes cells present per amount
(unit volume or weight) of contaminated RTE food (including method
used).
2. L. monocytogenes survival and growth dynamics in RTE foods,
including:
Data or models on survival and growth of L. monocytogenes
in specific RTE food matrices, including the potential effects of
commensal microflora;
Data or models on survival and growth of L. monocytogenes
in the presence or absence of substances that inhibit or retard growth;
and
Data or models on survival and growth of L. monocytogenes
at different storage temperatures and over different storage times.
3. The relationship between the dose of L. monocytogenes ingested
with food and the frequency of listeriosis, including:
The effect of age, health status, or other characteristics
of the consumer on the dose-response relationship;
The effect of food matrix and product formulation on the
dose-response relationship;
The effect of genetic characteristics of the L.
monocytogenes strain on the dose-response relationship; and
Any other data pertinent to L. monocytogenes dose-response
relationships.
4. Current food consumption practices in the United States,
including:
The frequency with which different RTE foods (e.g., deli
meats or cheeses manufactured with growth inhibitors) are consumed by
population subgroups (e.g., general adult population, pregnant women,
the elderly); and
Serving sizes for different RTE foods.
5. Food production practices in the United States that may impact
L. monocytogenes prevalence, concentration, survival, or growth in RTE
foods, including:
The absolute or relative frequency of manufacturing
different RTE foods with substances that inhibit the growth of L.
monocytogenes and the types and concentrations of growth inhibitor
used;
The absolute or relative amount of specific types of RTE
foods that are prepared, sliced, cut, or repackaged in retail
operations as opposed to being sold pre-sliced/pre-cut;
The absolute or relative amount of different RTE foods
manufactured without growth inhibitors that are prepared, sliced, or
repackaged at retail;
The average shelf life of foods that were identified in
the 2003 risk assessment (Ref. 4) as supporting L. monocytogenes
growth;
The average shelf life of RTE foods that were not
explicitly identified in the 2003 risk assessment but that may
conceivably support L. monocytogenes growth;
The ability of current production practices to prevent or
reduce L. monocytogenes contamination in finished product;
The ability of current operational practices in retail
operations to prevent or reduce L. monocytogenes contamination in the
final product at the time of sale; and
The ability of current post-processing practices to
prevent L. monocytogenes cross-contamination after processing.
6. Storage times and temperatures that may affect L. monocytogenes
growth during transport and storage of foods in the consumer's home.
7. Other comments, including the RTE food categories that should be
evaluated in the risk assessment.
III. Request for Comments, Scientific Data and Information
FSIS: Interested persons may submit to FSIS's Docket Clerk (see
ADDRESSES) either electronic or written comments regarding this
document. Identify comments with the docket number found in brackets in
the heading of this document. Received comments may be seen in the FSIS
Docket Room between 8:30 a.m. and 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday.
FDA: Interested persons may submit to FDA's Division of Dockets
Management (see ADDRESSES) either electronic or written comments
regarding this document. It is only necessary to send one set of
comments. It is no longer necessary to send two copies of mailed
comments. Identify comments with the docket number found in brackets in
the heading of this document. Received comments may be seen in the
Division of Dockets Management between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday
through Friday.
IV. References
The following references are on display in the Division of Dockets
Management (see ADDRESSES) and may be seen by interested persons
between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday. We have verified all
addresses, but we are not responsible for any subsequent changes to the
Web sites after this document publishes in the Federal Register.
1. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, ``Healthy People
2010,'' Chapter 10, Food Safety, Washington, DC, 2000, https://www.healthypeople.gov/2010/Document/pdf/Volume1/10Food.pdf.
2. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, ``Healthy People
2020,'' HP 2020 Framework, Washington, DC, 2010, available at https://
www.healthy
[[Page 19313]]
people.gov/2020/Consortium/HP2020Framework.pdf.
3. Anonymous, 2010, ``Preliminary FoodNet Data on the Incidence of
Infection With Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food--10 States,
2009,'' Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 59: 418-422, available
at https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5914a2.htm.
4. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, ``Healthy People
2020,'' HP 2020 FS-1.3, Washington, DC, 2010, available at https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/pdfs/HP2020objectives.pdf.
5. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department
of Agriculture/Food Safety and Inspection Service, ``Quantitative
Assessment of Relative Risk to Public Health From Foodborne L.
monocytogenes Among Selected Categories of RTE Foods,'' September 2003,
available in Docket No. FDA-1999-N-0134 (formerly Docket No. 1999N-
1168), vols. 23 through 28, available at https://www.fda.gov/Food/ScienceResearch/ResearchAreas/RiskAssessmentSafetyAssessment/ucm183966.htm.
6. Endrikat, S., D. Gallagher, R. Pouillot, H. Hicks Quesenberry,
D. Labarre, C. M. Schroeder, and J. Kause, ``A Comparative Risk
Assessment for L. monocytogenes in Prepackaged Versus Retail-Sliced
Deli Meat,'' Journal of Food Protection, 73:612-9.
7. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection
Service, 2003, 9 CFR part 430, ``Control of Listeria monocytogenes in
Ready-to-Eat Meat and Poultry Products,'' final rule. Federal Register,
68 FR 34208 to 34254.
8. U.S. Department of Agriculture/Food Safety and Inspection
Service, ``The FSIS Microbiological Testing Program for Ready-to-Eat
(RTE) Meat and Poultry Products, 1990-2009,'' September 2010, available
at https://www.fsis.usda.gov/Science/Micro_Testing_RTE/index.asp.
Dated: March 25, 2011.
Alfred V. Almanza,
Administrator, FSIS.
Dated: March 31, 2011.
Leslie Kux,
Acting Assistant Commissioner for Policy.
[FR Doc. 2011-8360 Filed 4-6-11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4160-01-P