Energy Conservation Program: Data Collection and Comparison With Forecasted Unit Sales of Five Lamp Types, 18425-18428 [2011-7939]
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Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 64 / Monday, April 4, 2011 / Proposed Rules
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Dated: March 29, 2011.
David R. Shipman,
Acting Administrator, Agricultural Marketing
Service.
[FR Doc. 2011–7826 Filed 4–1–11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3410–02–P
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
10 CFR Part 430
[Docket No. EERE–2011–BT–NOA–0013]
Energy Conservation Program: Data
Collection and Comparison With
Forecasted Unit Sales of Five Lamp
Types
Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy, Department of
Energy.
ACTION: Notice of data availability.
AGENCY:
The U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE) is informing the public of
its collection of shipment data and
creation of spreadsheet models to
provide comparisons between actual
and benchmark estimate unit sales of
five lamp types (i.e., rough service
lamps, vibration service lamps, 3-way
incandescent lamps, 2,601–3,300 lumen
general service incandescent lamps, and
shatter-resistant lamps), which are
currently exempt from energy
conservation standards. As the actual
sales do not exceed the forecasted
estimate by 100 percent for any lamp
type (i.e., the threshold triggering
rulemaking for an energy conservation
standard for that lamp type has not been
exceeded), DOE has determined that no
regulatory action is necessary at this
time. However, DOE will continue to
track sales data for these exempted
lamps. Relating to this activity, DOE has
prepared and is making available on its
Web site a spreadsheet showing the
comparisons of anticipated versus
actual sales, as well as the model used
to generate the original sales estimates.
The spreadsheet is available at: https://
www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/
appliance_standards/residential/
five_lamp_types.html.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms.
Tina Kaarsberg, U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy, Building
Technologies, EE–2J, 1000
Independence Avenue, SW.,
Washington, DC 20585–0121.
Telephone: (202) 287–1393. E-mail:
Tina.Kaarsberg@ee.doe.gov.
Mr. Eric Stas, U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of the General Counsel,
GC–71, 1000 Independence Avenue,
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SUMMARY:
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SW., Washington, DC 20585–0121.
Telephone: (202) 586–9507. E-mail:
Eric.Stas@hq.doe.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Table of Contents
I. Background
II. Definitions
A. Rough Service Lamps
B. Vibration Service Lamps
C. Three-Way Incandescent Lamps
D. 2,601–3,300 Lumen General Service
Incandescent Lamps
E. Shatter-Resistant Lamps
III. Comparison Methodology
IV. Comparison Results
A. Rough Service Lamps
B. Vibration Service Lamps
C. Three-Way Incandescent Lamps
D. 2,601–3,300 Lumen General Service
Incandescent Lamps
E. Shatter-Resistant Lamps
V. Conclusion
I. Background
The Energy Independence and
Security Act of 2007 (EISA 2007) (Pub.
L. 110–140) was enacted on December
19, 2007. Among the requirements of
subtitle B (Lighting Energy Efficiency) of
title III of EISA 2007 were provisions
directing the U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE) to collect, analyze, and monitor
unit sales of five lamp types (i.e., rough
service lamps, vibration service lamps,
3-way incandescent lamps, 2,601–3,300
lumen general service incandescent
lamps, and shatter-resistant lamps). In
relevant part, section 321(a)(3)(B) of
EISA 2007 amended section 325(l) of
the Energy Policy and Conservation Act
of 1975 (EPCA) by adding paragraph
(4)(B) which generally directs DOE, in
consultation with the National Electrical
Manufacturers Association (NEMA), to:
(1) Collect unit sales data for each of the
five lamp types for calendar years 1990
through 2006 in order to determine the
historical growth rate for each lamp
type; and (2) construct a model for each
of the five lamp types based on
coincident economic indicators that
closely match the historical annual
growth rates of each lamp type to
provide a neutral comparison
benchmark estimate of future unit sales.
(42 U.S.C. 6295(l)(4)(B)) Section
321(a)(3)(B) of EISA 2007 also amends
section 325(l) of EPCA by adding
paragraph (4)(C), which in relevant part,
directs DOE to collect unit sales data for
calendar years 2010 through 2025, in
consultation with NEMA, for each of the
five lamp types. DOE must then
compare the actual lamp sales in that
year with the benchmark estimate,
determine if the unit sales projection
has been exceeded, and issue the
findings within 90 days after the end of
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18425
the analyzed calendar year. (42 U.S.C.
6295(l)(4)(C))
On December 18, 2008, DOE issued a
notice of data availability for the Report
on Data Collection and Estimated
Future Unit Sales of Five Lamp Types
(hereafter ‘‘the 2008 analysis’’) 1 which
was published in the Federal Register
on December 24, 2008. 73 FR 79072.
The 2008 analysis presented the 1990
through 2006 shipment data collected in
consultation with NEMA, the
spreadsheet model DOE constructed for
each lamp type, and the benchmark unit
sales estimate for 2010 through 2025.
Today’s NODA presents the first of the
mandated follow-up comparisons.
Section IV of this report compares the
actual unit sales against benchmark unit
sales estimates for 2010.
EISA 2007 also amends section 325(l)
of EPCA by adding paragraphs (4)(D)
through (4)(H) which state that if DOE
finds that the unit sales for a given lamp
type in any year between 2010 and 2025
exceed the benchmark estimate of unit
sales by at least 100 percent (i.e., more
than double the anticipated sales), then
DOE must take regulatory action to
establish an energy conservation
standard for such lamps. (42 U.S.C.
6295(l)(4)(D)–(H)) For 2,601–3,300
lumen general service incandescent
lamps, DOE must adopt a statutorilyprescribed energy conservation
standard, and for the other four types of
lamps, the statute requires DOE to
initiate an accelerated rulemaking to
establish energy conservation standards.
If the Secretary does not complete the
accelerated rulemakings within one year
of the end of the previous calendar year,
there is a ‘‘backstop requirement’’ for
each lamp type, which would establish
energy conservation standard levels and
related requirements by statute. Id.
As in the 2008 analysis, in this
NODA, DOE uses manufacturer
shipments as a surrogate for unit sales,
because manufacturer shipment data is
tracked and aggregated by the trade
organization, NEMA. DOE believes that
annual shipments track closely with
actual unit sales of these five lamp
types, as DOE presumes that retailer
inventories remain constant from year to
year. DOE believes this is a reasonable
assumption because the markets for
these five lamp types have existed for
many years, thereby enabling
manufacturers and retailers to establish
appropriate inventory levels that reflect
market demand. Furthermore, in the
long-run, unit sales could not increase
1 The Report on the 2008 analysis is available on
the DOE Web site at: https://www1.eere.energy.gov/
buildings/appliance_standards/residential/pdfs/
five_lamp_types_report.pdf.
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18426
Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 64 / Monday, April 4, 2011 / Proposed Rules
in any one year without manufacturer
shipments increasing either that year or
the following one. In either case,
increasing unit sales must eventually
result in increasing manufacturer
shipments. This is the same
methodology presented in DOE’s 2008
analysis, and the Department did not
receive any comments challenging this
assumption or the general approach.
II. Definitions
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A. Rough Service Lamps
Section 321(a)(1)(B) of EISA 2007
amended section 321(30) of EPCA by
adding the definition of a ‘‘rough service
lamp.’’ The statutory definition reads as
follows: ‘‘The term ‘rough service lamp’
means a lamp that—(i) has a minimum
of 5 supports with filament
configurations that are C–7A, C–11,
C–17, and C–22 as listed in Figure 6–12
of the 9th edition of the IESNA
[Illuminating Engineering Society of
North America] Lighting handbook, or
similar configurations where lead wires
are not counted as supports; and (ii) is
designated and marketed specifically for
‘rough service’ applications, with—(I)
the designation appearing on the lamp
packaging; and (II) marketing materials
that identify the lamp as being for rough
service.’’ (42 U.S.C. 6291(30)(X))
As noted above, rough service
incandescent lamps must have a
minimum of five filament support wires
(not counting the two connecting leads
at the beginning and end of the
filament), and must be designated and
marketed for ‘‘rough service’’
applications. This type of incandescent
lamp is typically used in applications
where the lamp would be subject to
mechanical shock or vibration while it
is operating. Standard incandescent
lamps have only two support wires
(which also serve as conductors), one at
each end of the filament coil. When
operating (i.e., when the tungsten
filament is glowing so hot that it emits
light), a standard incandescent lamp’s
filament is brittle, and rough service
applications could cause it to break
prematurely. To address this problem,
lamp manufacturers developed lamp
designs that incorporate additional
support wires along the length of the
filament to ensure that it has support
not just at each end, but at several other
points as well. The additional support
protects the filament during operation
and enables longer operating life for
incandescent lamps in rough service
applications. Typical applications for
these rough service lamps might include
commercial hallways and stairwells,
gyms, storage areas, and security areas.
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B. Vibration Service Lamps
Section 321(a)(1)(B) of EISA 2007
amended section 321(30) of EPCA by
adding the definition of a ‘‘vibration
service lamp.’’ The statutory definition
reads as follows: ‘‘The term ‘vibration
service lamp’ means a lamp that—(i) has
filament configurations that are C–5,
C–7A, or C–9, as listed in Figure 6–12
of the 9th Edition of the IESNA Lighting
Handbook or similar configurations; (ii)
has a maximum wattage of 60 watts; (iii)
is sold at retail in packages of 2 lamps
or less; and (iv) is designated and
marketed specifically for vibration
service or vibration-resistant
applications, with—(I) the designation
appearing on the lamp packaging; and
(II) marketing materials that identify the
lamp as being vibration service only.’’
(42 U.S.C. 6291(30)(AA))
The statute mentions three examples
of filament configurations for vibration
service lamps in Figure 6–12 of the
IESNA Lighting Handbook, one of
which (i.e., C–7A) is also listed in the
statutory definition of ‘‘rough service
lamp.’’ The definition of ‘‘vibration
service lamp’’ requires that such lamps
have a maximum wattage of 60 watts
and be sold at a retail level in packages
of two lamps or less. Similar to rough
service lamps, vibration service lamps
must be designated and marketed for
vibration service or vibration-resistant
applications. As the name suggests, this
type of incandescent lamp is generally
used in applications where the
incandescent lamp would be subject to
a continuous low level of vibration,
such as in a ceiling fan light kit. In such
applications, standard incandescent
lamps without additional filament
support wires may not achieve the full
rated life, because the filament wire is
brittle and would be subject to breakage
at typical operating temperature. To
address this problem, lamp
manufacturers typically use a more
malleable tungsten filament to avoid
damage and short circuits between coils.
C. Three-Way Incandescent Lamps
Section 321(a)(1)(B) of EISA 2007
amended section 321(30) of EPCA by
adding the definition of a ‘‘3-way
incandescent lamp.’’ The statutory
definition reads as follows: ‘‘The term
‘3-way incandescent lamp’ includes an
incandescent lamp that—(i) employs 2
filaments, operated separately and in
combination, to provide 3 light levels;
and (ii) is designated on the lamp
packaging and marketing materials as
being a 3-way incandescent lamp.’’ (42
U.S.C. 6291(30)(Y))
Three-way lamps are commonly
found in wattage combinations such as
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50, 100, and 150 watts or 30, 70, and
100 watts. These lamps use two
filaments (e.g., a 30-watt and a 70-watt
filament) and can be operated separately
or together to produce three different
lumen outputs (e.g., 305 lumens with
one filament, 995 lumens with the
other, or 1,300 lumens using the
filaments together). When used in 3-way
sockets, these lamps allow users to
control the light level. Three-way
incandescent lamps are typically used
in residential multi-purpose areas,
where consumers may adjust the light
level to be appropriate for the task they
are performing.
D. 2,601–3,300 Lumen General Service
Incandescent Lamps
The statute does not provide a
definition of ‘‘2,601–3,300 Lumen
General Service Incandescent Lamps’’;
however, DOE is interpreting this term
to be a general service incandescent
lamp 2 that emits between 2,601 and
3,300 lumens. In this lumen range, the
wattages of covered general service
incandescent lamps are between 140
and 170 watts. Within that range, the
only commonly made lamp that meets
other general service incandescent lamp
criteria is rated at 150 watts. Should
other rated wattages enter the market
that fall within this lumen range, they
will be immediately recognizable
because as required by the Energy
Policy Act of 1992, Public Law 102–486,
all general service incandescent lamps
must be labeled with lamp lumen
output.3 These lamps are used in
general service applications when high
light output is needed.
E. Shatter-Resistant Lamps
Section 321(a)(1)(B) of EISA 2007
amended section 321(30) of EPCA by
adding the definition of a ‘‘shatterresistant lamp, shatter-proof lamp, or
shatter-protected lamp.’’ The statutory
definition reads as follows: ‘‘The terms
‘shatter-resistant lamp,’ ‘shatter-proof
lamp,’ and ‘shatter-protected lamp’
mean a lamp that—(i) has a coating or
equivalent technology that is compliant
with [National Sanitation Foundation/
2 ‘‘General service incandescent lamp’’ is defined
as a standard incandescent or halogen type lamp
that—(I) is intended for general service
applications; (II) has a medium screw base; (III) has
a lumen range of not less than 310 lumens and not
more than 2,600 lumens; and (IV) is capable of
being operated at a voltage range at least partially
within 110 and 130 volts. (42 U.S.C. 6291(30)(D))
3 The Federal Trade Commission issued the lamp
labeling requirements in 1994 (see 59 FR 25176
(May 13, 1994)). Further amendments were made to
the lamp labeling requirements in 2007 (see 16 CFR
305.15(b); 72 FR 49948, 49971–72 (August 29,
2007)). The package must display the lamp’s light
output (in lumens), energy use (in watts), and lamp
life (in hours).
E:\FR\FM\04APP1.SGM
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Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 64 / Monday, April 4, 2011 / Proposed Rules
American National Standards Institute]
NSF/ANSI 51 and is designed to contain
the glass if the glass envelope of the
lamp is broken; and (ii) is designated
and marketed for the intended
application, with—(I) the designation on
the lamp packaging; and (II) marketing
materials that identify the lamp as being
shatter-resistant, shatter-proof, or
shatter-protected.’’ (42 U.S.C.
6291(30)(Z)) Although the definition
provides three names commonly used to
refer to these lamps, DOE simply refers
to them collectively as ‘‘shatter-resistant
lamps.’’
Shatter-resistant lamps incorporate a
special coating designed to prevent glass
shards from being strewn if a lamp’s
glass envelope breaks. Shatter-resistant
lamps incorporate a coating compliant
with industry standard NSF/ANSI 51,4
‘‘Food Equipment Materials,’’ and are
labeled and marketed as shatterresistant, shatter-proof, or shatterprotected. The coatings protect the lamp
from breakage in applications subject to
heat and thermal shock that may occur
from water, sleet, snow, soldering, or
welding.
III. Comparison Methodology
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In the 2008 analysis, DOE reviewed
each of the five sets of shipment data
that were collected in consultation with
NEMA and applied two curve fits to
generate unit sales estimates for the five
lamp types after calendar year 2006.
One curve fit applied a linear regression
to the historical data and extends that
line into the future. The other curve fit
applied an exponential growth function
to the shipment data and projects unit
sales into the future. For this
calculation, linear regression treats the
year as a dependent variable and
shipments as the independent variable.
The linear regression curve fit is
modeled by minimizing the differences
among the data points and the best
curve-fit linear line using the least
squares function.5 The exponential
curve fit is also a regression function
and uses the same least squares function
to find the best fit. For some data sets,
an exponential curve provides a better
characterization of the historical data,
and, therefore, a better projection of the
future data.
4 NSF/ANSI 51 applies specifically to materials
and coatings used in the manufacturing of
equipment and objects destined for contact with
foodstuffs.
5 The least squares function is an analytical tool
that DOE uses to minimize the sum of the squared
residual differences between the actual historical
data points and the modeled value (i.e., the linear
curve fit). In minimizing this value, the resulting
curve fit will represent the best fit possible to the
data provided.
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For 3-way incandescent lamps, 2,601–
3,300 lumen general service
incandescent lamps, and shatterresistant lamps, DOE found that the
linear regression and exponential
growth curve fits produced nearly the
same estimates of unit sales (i.e., the
difference between the two forecasted
values was less than 1 or 2 percent).
However, for rough service and
vibration service lamps, the linear
regression curve fit projects lamp unit
sales would decline to zero for both
lamp types by 2018. In contrast, the
exponential growth curve fit projected a
more gradual decline in unit sales, such
that lamps will still be sold beyond
2018, and it was, therefore, considered
the more realistic forecast. While DOE
would be satisfied that either the linear
regression or exponential growth
spreadsheet model would generate a
reasonable benchmark unit sales
estimate for 3-way incandescent lamps,
2,601–3,300 lumen general service
incandescent lamps, and shatterresistant lamps, DOE is selecting the
exponential growth curve fit for these
lamp types for consistency with the
selection made for rough service and
vibration service lamps.6 DOE examines
the benchmark unit sales estimates and
actual sales for each of the five lamp
types in the following section and also
makes the comparisons available in a
spreadsheet online at: https://
www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/
appliance_standards/residential/
five_lamp_types.html.
IV. Comparison Results
A. Rough Service Lamps
For rough service lamps, the
exponential growth forecast projected
the benchmark unit sales estimate for
2010 to be 6,395,000 units. The NEMAprovided shipment data reported
shipments of 7,971,000 rough service
lamps in 2010. As this finding exceeds
the estimate by only 24.6 percent, DOE
will continue to track rough service
lamp sales data and will not initiate
regulatory action for this lamp type at
this time.
B. Vibration Service Lamps
For vibration service lamps, the
exponential growth forecast projected
the benchmark unit sales estimate for
2010 to be 3,341,000 units. The NEMAprovided shipment data reported
shipments of 674,000 vibration service
6 See DOE’s 2008 forecast spreadsheet models of
the lamp types for greater detail. The spreadsheet
models are available at: https://
www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/
appliance_standards/residential/docs/
five_lamp_types_models.xls.
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18427
lamps in 2010. As this finding is only
20.2 percent of the estimate, DOE will
continue to track vibration service lamp
sales data and will not initiate
regulatory action for this lamp type at
this time.
C. Three-Way Incandescent Lamps
For 3-way incandescent lamps, the
exponential growth forecast projected
the benchmark unit sales estimate for
2010 to be 51,177,000 units. The NEMAprovided shipment data reported
shipments of 29,140,000 3-way
incandescent lamps in 2010. As this
finding is only 56.9 percent of the
estimate, DOE will continue to track
3-way incandescent lamp sales data and
will not initiate regulatory action for
this lamp type at this time.
D. 2,601–3,300 Lumen General Service
Incandescent Lamps
For 2,601–3,300 lumen general
service incandescent lamps, the
exponential growth forecast projected
the benchmark unit sales estimate for
2010 to be 33,848,000 units. The NEMAprovided shipment data reported
shipments of 7,140,000 2,601–3,300
lumen general service incandescent
lamps in 2010. As this finding is 21.1
percent of the estimate, DOE will
continue to track 2,601–3,300 lumen
general service incandescent lamp sales
data and will not initiate regulatory
action for this lamp type at this time.
E. Shatter-Resistant Lamps
For shatter-resistant lamps, the
exponential growth forecast projected
the benchmark unit sales estimate for
2010 to be 1,655,000 units. The NEMAprovided shipment data reported
shipments of 848,000 shatter-resistant
lamps in 2010. As this finding is only
51.2 percent of the estimate, DOE will
continue to track shatter-resistant lamp
sales data and will not initiate
regulatory action for this lamp type at
this time.
V. Conclusion
None of the shipments for the rough
service lamps, vibration service lamps,
3-way incandescent lamps, 2,601–3,300
lumen general service incandescent
lamps, or shatter-resistant lamps crossed
the statutory threshold for a standard.
DOE will monitor the situation for these
five currently exempted lamp types and
will reassess 2011 sales by March 31,
2012, in order to determine whether
energy conservation standards
rulemaking is required, consistent with
42 U.S.C. 6295(l)(4)(D)–(H).
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Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 64 / Monday, April 4, 2011 / Proposed Rules
Issued in Washington, DC, on March 30,
2011.
Kathleen B. Hogan,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Energy
Efficiency, Office of Technology
Development, Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy.
[FR Doc. 2011–7939 Filed 4–1–11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6450–01–P
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
10 CFR Part 431
[Docket No. EERE–2010–BT–TP–0036]
RIN 1904–AC38
Energy Efficiency Program for Certain
Commercial and Industrial Equipment:
Test Procedures for Automatic
Commercial Ice Makers
Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy, Department of
Energy.
ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking.
AGENCY:
The U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE) proposes to revise its test
procedure for automatic commercial ice
makers (ACIM) established under the
Energy Policy and Conservation Act.
This notice of proposed rulemaking
(NOPR) proposes to update the
incorporation by reference of industry
test procedures to the most current
published versions. The current DOE
test procedure applies to automatic
commercial ice makers that produce
cube type ice. This NOPR proposes to
expand coverage of the test procedure to
all batch type and continuous type ice
makers with capacities between 50 and
4,000 pounds of ice per 24 hours. A
batch type ice maker is defined as an ice
maker with alternate freezing and
harvesting periods, including machines
that produce cube type ice, tube type
ice, and fragmented ice. A continuous
type ice maker is defined as an ice
maker that continually freezes and
harvests ice at the same time.
Continuous type ice makers primarily
produce flake or nugget ice. DOE also
proposes amendments to standardize
test results based on ice quality for
continuous type ice makers, clarify the
test methods and reporting requirements
for automatic ice makers designed to be
connected to a remote compressor rack,
and provide test methods for
modulating capacity ice makers.
Furthermore, DOE proposes to
discontinue the use of a clarified energy
use equation.
The test procedure applies to
automatic commercial ice makers as
defined in section 136 of the Energy
Policy Act of 2005. Use of any amended
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SUMMARY:
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test procedures will be required on the
compliance date of any standards
developed in the associated energy
conservation standard rulemaking. This
notice announces a public meeting to
discuss and receive comments on the
proposed test procedure amendments.
DATES: DOE will hold a public meeting
in Washington, DC on April 29, 2011
from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. Additionally, DOE
plans to make the public meeting
available via webinar. See section V,
‘‘Public Participation,’’ of this NOPR for
webinar registration information,
participant instructions, and
information about the capabilities
available to webinar participants.
DOE will accept comments, data, and
other information regarding this NOPR
before or after the public meeting, but
no later than June 3, 2011. See section
V, ‘‘Public Participation,’’ for details.
ADDRESSES: The public meeting will be
held at the U.S. Department of Energy,
Forrestal Building, Room 8E–089, 1000
Independence Avenue, SW.,
Washington, DC 20585–0121. To attend,
please notify Ms. Brenda Edwards at
(202) 586–2945. Please note that foreign
nationals planning to participate in the
public meeting are subject to advance
security screening procedures. Any
foreign national wishing to participate
in the meeting should advise DOE as
soon as possible by contacting Ms.
Brenda Edwards at (202) 586–2945 to
initiate the necessary procedures.
Any comments submitted must
identify the NOPR for test procedures
for automatic commercial ice makers,
and provide docket number EERE–
2010–BT–TP–0036 or Regulation
Identifier Number (RIN) 1904–AC38.
Comments may be submitted using any
of the following methods:
• Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://
www.regulations.gov. Follow the
instructions for submitting comments.
• E-mail: ACIM-2010-TP0036@ee.doe.gov. Include the docket
number EERE–2010–BT–TP–0036 and/
or RIN 1904–AC38 in the subject line of
the message.
• Mail: Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S.
Department of Energy, Building
Technologies Program, Mailstop EE–2J,
1000 Independence Avenue, SW.,
Washington, DC 20585–0121. If
possible, please submit all items on CD.
It is not necessary to include printed
copies.
• Hand Delivery/Courier: Ms. Brenda
Edwards, U.S. Department of Energy,
Building Technologies Program, 950
L’Enfant Plaza, SW., Suite 600,
Washington, DC 20024. Telephone:
(202) 586–2945. If possible, please
submit all items on CD. It is not
necessary to include printed copies.
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Written comments regarding the
burden-hour estimates or other aspects
of the collection-of-information
requirements contained in this proposed
rule may be submitted to Office of
Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy through the methods listed
above and by e-mail to
Christine_J._Kymn@omb.eop.gov.
Docket: The docket is available for
review at regulations.gov, including
Federal Register notices, framework
documents, public meeting attendee
lists and transcripts, comments, and
other supporting documents/materials.
All documents in the docket are listed
in the regulations.gov index. However,
not all documents listed in the index
may be publicly available, such as
information that is exempt from public
disclosure. The regulations.gov web
page will contain instructions on how to
access all documents in the docket,
including public comments.
The rulemaking web page can be
found at: https://www.eere.energy.gov/
buildings/appliance_standards/
commercial/automatic_ice_making_
equipment.html. This web page contains
a link to the docket for this notice on
regulations.gov.
For detailed instructions on
submitting comments and additional
information on the rulemaking process,
see section V, ‘‘Public Participation,’’ of
this document.
For further information on how to
submit or review public comments,
participate in the public meeting, or
view hard copies of the docket in the
Resource Room, contact Ms. Brenda
Edwards at (202) 586–2945 or e-mail:
Brenda.Edwards@ee.doe.gov.
Mr.
Charles Llenza, U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy, Building
Technologies, EE–2J, 1000
Independence Avenue, SW.,
Washington, DC 20585–0121.
Telephone: (202) 586–2192,
Charles_Llenza@ee.doe.gov.
In the Office of General Counsel
contact Mr. Ari Altman, U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of General
Counsel, GC–71, 1000 Independence
Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585–
0121, (202) 287–6307,
Ari.Altman@hq.doe.gov.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background and Legal Authority
II. Summary of the Proposed Rule
A. Proposed Test Procedure Amendments
B. Association With Energy Conservation
Standards Rulemaking
III. Discussion
A. Summary of the Test Procedure
Revisions
E:\FR\FM\04APP1.SGM
04APP1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 76, Number 64 (Monday, April 4, 2011)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 18425-18428]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2011-7939]
=======================================================================
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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
10 CFR Part 430
[Docket No. EERE-2011-BT-NOA-0013]
Energy Conservation Program: Data Collection and Comparison With
Forecasted Unit Sales of Five Lamp Types
AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of
Energy.
ACTION: Notice of data availability.
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SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is informing the public of
its collection of shipment data and creation of spreadsheet models to
provide comparisons between actual and benchmark estimate unit sales of
five lamp types (i.e., rough service lamps, vibration service lamps, 3-
way incandescent lamps, 2,601-3,300 lumen general service incandescent
lamps, and shatter-resistant lamps), which are currently exempt from
energy conservation standards. As the actual sales do not exceed the
forecasted estimate by 100 percent for any lamp type (i.e., the
threshold triggering rulemaking for an energy conservation standard for
that lamp type has not been exceeded), DOE has determined that no
regulatory action is necessary at this time. However, DOE will continue
to track sales data for these exempted lamps. Relating to this
activity, DOE has prepared and is making available on its Web site a
spreadsheet showing the comparisons of anticipated versus actual sales,
as well as the model used to generate the original sales estimates. The
spreadsheet is available at: https://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/residential/five_lamp_types.html.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. Tina Kaarsberg, U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building
Technologies, EE-2J, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC
20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 287-1393. E-mail:
Tina.Kaarsberg@ee.doe.gov.
Mr. Eric Stas, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of the General
Counsel, GC-71, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585-
0121. Telephone: (202) 586-9507. E-mail: Eric.Stas@hq.doe.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Table of Contents
I. Background
II. Definitions
A. Rough Service Lamps
B. Vibration Service Lamps
C. Three-Way Incandescent Lamps
D. 2,601-3,300 Lumen General Service Incandescent Lamps
E. Shatter-Resistant Lamps
III. Comparison Methodology
IV. Comparison Results
A. Rough Service Lamps
B. Vibration Service Lamps
C. Three-Way Incandescent Lamps
D. 2,601-3,300 Lumen General Service Incandescent Lamps
E. Shatter-Resistant Lamps
V. Conclusion
I. Background
The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA 2007) (Pub.
L. 110-140) was enacted on December 19, 2007. Among the requirements of
subtitle B (Lighting Energy Efficiency) of title III of EISA 2007 were
provisions directing the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to collect,
analyze, and monitor unit sales of five lamp types (i.e., rough service
lamps, vibration service lamps, 3-way incandescent lamps, 2,601-3,300
lumen general service incandescent lamps, and shatter-resistant lamps).
In relevant part, section 321(a)(3)(B) of EISA 2007 amended section
325(l) of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA) by
adding paragraph (4)(B) which generally directs DOE, in consultation
with the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), to: (1)
Collect unit sales data for each of the five lamp types for calendar
years 1990 through 2006 in order to determine the historical growth
rate for each lamp type; and (2) construct a model for each of the five
lamp types based on coincident economic indicators that closely match
the historical annual growth rates of each lamp type to provide a
neutral comparison benchmark estimate of future unit sales. (42 U.S.C.
6295(l)(4)(B)) Section 321(a)(3)(B) of EISA 2007 also amends section
325(l) of EPCA by adding paragraph (4)(C), which in relevant part,
directs DOE to collect unit sales data for calendar years 2010 through
2025, in consultation with NEMA, for each of the five lamp types. DOE
must then compare the actual lamp sales in that year with the benchmark
estimate, determine if the unit sales projection has been exceeded, and
issue the findings within 90 days after the end of the analyzed
calendar year. (42 U.S.C. 6295(l)(4)(C))
On December 18, 2008, DOE issued a notice of data availability for
the Report on Data Collection and Estimated Future Unit Sales of Five
Lamp Types (hereafter ``the 2008 analysis'') \1\ which was published in
the Federal Register on December 24, 2008. 73 FR 79072. The 2008
analysis presented the 1990 through 2006 shipment data collected in
consultation with NEMA, the spreadsheet model DOE constructed for each
lamp type, and the benchmark unit sales estimate for 2010 through 2025.
Today's NODA presents the first of the mandated follow-up comparisons.
Section IV of this report compares the actual unit sales against
benchmark unit sales estimates for 2010.
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\1\ The Report on the 2008 analysis is available on the DOE Web
site at: https://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/residential/pdfs/five_lamp_types_report.pdf.
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EISA 2007 also amends section 325(l) of EPCA by adding paragraphs
(4)(D) through (4)(H) which state that if DOE finds that the unit sales
for a given lamp type in any year between 2010 and 2025 exceed the
benchmark estimate of unit sales by at least 100 percent (i.e., more
than double the anticipated sales), then DOE must take regulatory
action to establish an energy conservation standard for such lamps. (42
U.S.C. 6295(l)(4)(D)-(H)) For 2,601-3,300 lumen general service
incandescent lamps, DOE must adopt a statutorily-prescribed energy
conservation standard, and for the other four types of lamps, the
statute requires DOE to initiate an accelerated rulemaking to establish
energy conservation standards. If the Secretary does not complete the
accelerated rulemakings within one year of the end of the previous
calendar year, there is a ``backstop requirement'' for each lamp type,
which would establish energy conservation standard levels and related
requirements by statute. Id.
As in the 2008 analysis, in this NODA, DOE uses manufacturer
shipments as a surrogate for unit sales, because manufacturer shipment
data is tracked and aggregated by the trade organization, NEMA. DOE
believes that annual shipments track closely with actual unit sales of
these five lamp types, as DOE presumes that retailer inventories remain
constant from year to year. DOE believes this is a reasonable
assumption because the markets for these five lamp types have existed
for many years, thereby enabling manufacturers and retailers to
establish appropriate inventory levels that reflect market demand.
Furthermore, in the long-run, unit sales could not increase
[[Page 18426]]
in any one year without manufacturer shipments increasing either that
year or the following one. In either case, increasing unit sales must
eventually result in increasing manufacturer shipments. This is the
same methodology presented in DOE's 2008 analysis, and the Department
did not receive any comments challenging this assumption or the general
approach.
II. Definitions
A. Rough Service Lamps
Section 321(a)(1)(B) of EISA 2007 amended section 321(30) of EPCA
by adding the definition of a ``rough service lamp.'' The statutory
definition reads as follows: ``The term `rough service lamp' means a
lamp that--(i) has a minimum of 5 supports with filament configurations
that are C-7A, C-11, C-17, and C-22 as listed in Figure 6-12 of the 9th
edition of the IESNA [Illuminating Engineering Society of North
America] Lighting handbook, or similar configurations where lead wires
are not counted as supports; and (ii) is designated and marketed
specifically for `rough service' applications, with--(I) the
designation appearing on the lamp packaging; and (II) marketing
materials that identify the lamp as being for rough service.'' (42
U.S.C. 6291(30)(X))
As noted above, rough service incandescent lamps must have a
minimum of five filament support wires (not counting the two connecting
leads at the beginning and end of the filament), and must be designated
and marketed for ``rough service'' applications. This type of
incandescent lamp is typically used in applications where the lamp
would be subject to mechanical shock or vibration while it is
operating. Standard incandescent lamps have only two support wires
(which also serve as conductors), one at each end of the filament coil.
When operating (i.e., when the tungsten filament is glowing so hot that
it emits light), a standard incandescent lamp's filament is brittle,
and rough service applications could cause it to break prematurely. To
address this problem, lamp manufacturers developed lamp designs that
incorporate additional support wires along the length of the filament
to ensure that it has support not just at each end, but at several
other points as well. The additional support protects the filament
during operation and enables longer operating life for incandescent
lamps in rough service applications. Typical applications for these
rough service lamps might include commercial hallways and stairwells,
gyms, storage areas, and security areas.
B. Vibration Service Lamps
Section 321(a)(1)(B) of EISA 2007 amended section 321(30) of EPCA
by adding the definition of a ``vibration service lamp.'' The statutory
definition reads as follows: ``The term `vibration service lamp' means
a lamp that--(i) has filament configurations that are C-5, C-7A, or C-
9, as listed in Figure 6-12 of the 9th Edition of the IESNA Lighting
Handbook or similar configurations; (ii) has a maximum wattage of 60
watts; (iii) is sold at retail in packages of 2 lamps or less; and (iv)
is designated and marketed specifically for vibration service or
vibration-resistant applications, with--(I) the designation appearing
on the lamp packaging; and (II) marketing materials that identify the
lamp as being vibration service only.'' (42 U.S.C. 6291(30)(AA))
The statute mentions three examples of filament configurations for
vibration service lamps in Figure 6-12 of the IESNA Lighting Handbook,
one of which (i.e., C-7A) is also listed in the statutory definition of
``rough service lamp.'' The definition of ``vibration service lamp''
requires that such lamps have a maximum wattage of 60 watts and be sold
at a retail level in packages of two lamps or less. Similar to rough
service lamps, vibration service lamps must be designated and marketed
for vibration service or vibration-resistant applications. As the name
suggests, this type of incandescent lamp is generally used in
applications where the incandescent lamp would be subject to a
continuous low level of vibration, such as in a ceiling fan light kit.
In such applications, standard incandescent lamps without additional
filament support wires may not achieve the full rated life, because the
filament wire is brittle and would be subject to breakage at typical
operating temperature. To address this problem, lamp manufacturers
typically use a more malleable tungsten filament to avoid damage and
short circuits between coils.
C. Three-Way Incandescent Lamps
Section 321(a)(1)(B) of EISA 2007 amended section 321(30) of EPCA
by adding the definition of a ``3-way incandescent lamp.'' The
statutory definition reads as follows: ``The term `3-way incandescent
lamp' includes an incandescent lamp that--(i) employs 2 filaments,
operated separately and in combination, to provide 3 light levels; and
(ii) is designated on the lamp packaging and marketing materials as
being a 3-way incandescent lamp.'' (42 U.S.C. 6291(30)(Y))
Three-way lamps are commonly found in wattage combinations such as
50, 100, and 150 watts or 30, 70, and 100 watts. These lamps use two
filaments (e.g., a 30-watt and a 70-watt filament) and can be operated
separately or together to produce three different lumen outputs (e.g.,
305 lumens with one filament, 995 lumens with the other, or 1,300
lumens using the filaments together). When used in 3-way sockets, these
lamps allow users to control the light level. Three-way incandescent
lamps are typically used in residential multi-purpose areas, where
consumers may adjust the light level to be appropriate for the task
they are performing.
D. 2,601-3,300 Lumen General Service Incandescent Lamps
The statute does not provide a definition of ``2,601-3,300 Lumen
General Service Incandescent Lamps''; however, DOE is interpreting this
term to be a general service incandescent lamp \2\ that emits between
2,601 and 3,300 lumens. In this lumen range, the wattages of covered
general service incandescent lamps are between 140 and 170 watts.
Within that range, the only commonly made lamp that meets other general
service incandescent lamp criteria is rated at 150 watts. Should other
rated wattages enter the market that fall within this lumen range, they
will be immediately recognizable because as required by the Energy
Policy Act of 1992, Public Law 102-486, all general service
incandescent lamps must be labeled with lamp lumen output.\3\ These
lamps are used in general service applications when high light output
is needed.
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\2\ ``General service incandescent lamp'' is defined as a
standard incandescent or halogen type lamp that--(I) is intended for
general service applications; (II) has a medium screw base; (III)
has a lumen range of not less than 310 lumens and not more than
2,600 lumens; and (IV) is capable of being operated at a voltage
range at least partially within 110 and 130 volts. (42 U.S.C.
6291(30)(D))
\3\ The Federal Trade Commission issued the lamp labeling
requirements in 1994 (see 59 FR 25176 (May 13, 1994)). Further
amendments were made to the lamp labeling requirements in 2007 (see
16 CFR 305.15(b); 72 FR 49948, 49971-72 (August 29, 2007)). The
package must display the lamp's light output (in lumens), energy use
(in watts), and lamp life (in hours).
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E. Shatter-Resistant Lamps
Section 321(a)(1)(B) of EISA 2007 amended section 321(30) of EPCA
by adding the definition of a ``shatter-resistant lamp, shatter-proof
lamp, or shatter-protected lamp.'' The statutory definition reads as
follows: ``The terms `shatter-resistant lamp,' `shatter-proof lamp,'
and `shatter-protected lamp' mean a lamp that--(i) has a coating or
equivalent technology that is compliant with [National Sanitation
Foundation/
[[Page 18427]]
American National Standards Institute] NSF/ANSI 51 and is designed to
contain the glass if the glass envelope of the lamp is broken; and (ii)
is designated and marketed for the intended application, with--(I) the
designation on the lamp packaging; and (II) marketing materials that
identify the lamp as being shatter-resistant, shatter-proof, or
shatter-protected.'' (42 U.S.C. 6291(30)(Z)) Although the definition
provides three names commonly used to refer to these lamps, DOE simply
refers to them collectively as ``shatter-resistant lamps.''
Shatter-resistant lamps incorporate a special coating designed to
prevent glass shards from being strewn if a lamp's glass envelope
breaks. Shatter-resistant lamps incorporate a coating compliant with
industry standard NSF/ANSI 51,\4\ ``Food Equipment Materials,'' and are
labeled and marketed as shatter-resistant, shatter-proof, or shatter-
protected. The coatings protect the lamp from breakage in applications
subject to heat and thermal shock that may occur from water, sleet,
snow, soldering, or welding.
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\4\ NSF/ANSI 51 applies specifically to materials and coatings
used in the manufacturing of equipment and objects destined for
contact with foodstuffs.
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III. Comparison Methodology
In the 2008 analysis, DOE reviewed each of the five sets of
shipment data that were collected in consultation with NEMA and applied
two curve fits to generate unit sales estimates for the five lamp types
after calendar year 2006. One curve fit applied a linear regression to
the historical data and extends that line into the future. The other
curve fit applied an exponential growth function to the shipment data
and projects unit sales into the future. For this calculation, linear
regression treats the year as a dependent variable and shipments as the
independent variable. The linear regression curve fit is modeled by
minimizing the differences among the data points and the best curve-fit
linear line using the least squares function.\5\ The exponential curve
fit is also a regression function and uses the same least squares
function to find the best fit. For some data sets, an exponential curve
provides a better characterization of the historical data, and,
therefore, a better projection of the future data.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\5\ The least squares function is an analytical tool that DOE
uses to minimize the sum of the squared residual differences between
the actual historical data points and the modeled value (i.e., the
linear curve fit). In minimizing this value, the resulting curve fit
will represent the best fit possible to the data provided.
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For 3-way incandescent lamps, 2,601-3,300 lumen general service
incandescent lamps, and shatter-resistant lamps, DOE found that the
linear regression and exponential growth curve fits produced nearly the
same estimates of unit sales (i.e., the difference between the two
forecasted values was less than 1 or 2 percent). However, for rough
service and vibration service lamps, the linear regression curve fit
projects lamp unit sales would decline to zero for both lamp types by
2018. In contrast, the exponential growth curve fit projected a more
gradual decline in unit sales, such that lamps will still be sold
beyond 2018, and it was, therefore, considered the more realistic
forecast. While DOE would be satisfied that either the linear
regression or exponential growth spreadsheet model would generate a
reasonable benchmark unit sales estimate for 3-way incandescent lamps,
2,601-3,300 lumen general service incandescent lamps, and shatter-
resistant lamps, DOE is selecting the exponential growth curve fit for
these lamp types for consistency with the selection made for rough
service and vibration service lamps.\6\ DOE examines the benchmark unit
sales estimates and actual sales for each of the five lamp types in the
following section and also makes the comparisons available in a
spreadsheet online at: https://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/residential/five_lamp_types.html.
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\6\ See DOE's 2008 forecast spreadsheet models of the lamp types
for greater detail. The spreadsheet models are available at: https://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/residential/docs/five_lamp_types_models.xls.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
IV. Comparison Results
A. Rough Service Lamps
For rough service lamps, the exponential growth forecast projected
the benchmark unit sales estimate for 2010 to be 6,395,000 units. The
NEMA-provided shipment data reported shipments of 7,971,000 rough
service lamps in 2010. As this finding exceeds the estimate by only
24.6 percent, DOE will continue to track rough service lamp sales data
and will not initiate regulatory action for this lamp type at this
time.
B. Vibration Service Lamps
For vibration service lamps, the exponential growth forecast
projected the benchmark unit sales estimate for 2010 to be 3,341,000
units. The NEMA-provided shipment data reported shipments of 674,000
vibration service lamps in 2010. As this finding is only 20.2 percent
of the estimate, DOE will continue to track vibration service lamp
sales data and will not initiate regulatory action for this lamp type
at this time.
C. Three-Way Incandescent Lamps
For 3-way incandescent lamps, the exponential growth forecast
projected the benchmark unit sales estimate for 2010 to be 51,177,000
units. The NEMA-provided shipment data reported shipments of 29,140,000
3-way incandescent lamps in 2010. As this finding is only 56.9 percent
of the estimate, DOE will continue to track 3-way incandescent lamp
sales data and will not initiate regulatory action for this lamp type
at this time.
D. 2,601-3,300 Lumen General Service Incandescent Lamps
For 2,601-3,300 lumen general service incandescent lamps, the
exponential growth forecast projected the benchmark unit sales estimate
for 2010 to be 33,848,000 units. The NEMA-provided shipment data
reported shipments of 7,140,000 2,601-3,300 lumen general service
incandescent lamps in 2010. As this finding is 21.1 percent of the
estimate, DOE will continue to track 2,601-3,300 lumen general service
incandescent lamp sales data and will not initiate regulatory action
for this lamp type at this time.
E. Shatter-Resistant Lamps
For shatter-resistant lamps, the exponential growth forecast
projected the benchmark unit sales estimate for 2010 to be 1,655,000
units. The NEMA-provided shipment data reported shipments of 848,000
shatter-resistant lamps in 2010. As this finding is only 51.2 percent
of the estimate, DOE will continue to track shatter-resistant lamp
sales data and will not initiate regulatory action for this lamp type
at this time.
V. Conclusion
None of the shipments for the rough service lamps, vibration
service lamps, 3-way incandescent lamps, 2,601-3,300 lumen general
service incandescent lamps, or shatter-resistant lamps crossed the
statutory threshold for a standard. DOE will monitor the situation for
these five currently exempted lamp types and will reassess 2011 sales
by March 31, 2012, in order to determine whether energy conservation
standards rulemaking is required, consistent with 42 U.S.C.
6295(l)(4)(D)-(H).
[[Page 18428]]
Issued in Washington, DC, on March 30, 2011.
Kathleen B. Hogan,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency, Office of Technology
Development, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.
[FR Doc. 2011-7939 Filed 4-1-11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6450-01-P