Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plan; Missouri; Proposed Disapproval of Interstate Transport State Implementation Plan Revision for the 2006 24-Hour PM2.5, 14835-14839 [2011-6418]
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Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 53 / Friday, March 18, 2011 / Proposed Rules
government and the States, or on the
distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various
levels of government, as specified in
Executive Order 13132. This action
merely disapproves certain State
requirements for inclusion into the SIP
and does not alter the relationship or
the distribution of power and
responsibilities established in the Clean
Air Act. However, today’s proposed
disapproval does not have federalism
implications. Thus, Executive Order
13132 does not apply to this action.
Executive Order 13175, Consultation
and Coordination With Indian Tribal
Governments
This action does not have Tribal
implications, as specified in Executive
Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9,
2000), because the SIP EPA is proposing
to disapprove would not apply in Indian
country located in the State, and EPA
notes that it will not impose substantial
direct costs on Tribal governments or
preempt Tribal law. Thus, Executive
Order 13175 does not apply to this
action.
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Executive Order 13045, Protection of
Children From Environmental Health
Risks and Safety Risks
EPA interprets Executive Order 13045
(62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997) as
applying only to those regulatory
actions that concern health or safety
risks, such that the analysis required
under Section 5–501 of the Executive
Order has the potential to influence the
regulation. This action is not subject to
Executive Order 13045 because it
because it is not an economically
significant regulatory action based on
health or safety risks subject to
Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885,
April 23, 1997).This proposed SIP
disapproval under Section 110 and
subchapter I, part D of the Clean Air Act
will not in-and-of itself create any new
regulations but simply disapproves
certain State requirements for inclusion
into the SIP.
Executive Order 13211, Actions That
Significantly Affect Energy Supply,
Distribution or Use
This action is not subject to Executive
Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22,
2001) because it is not a significant
regulatory action under Executive Order
12866.
National Technology Transfer and
Advancement Act
Section 12(d) of the National
Technology Transfer and Advancement
Act of 1995 (‘‘NTTAA’’), Public Law
104–113, Section 12(d) (15 U.S.C. 272
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note) directs EPA to use voluntary
consensus standards in its regulatory
activities unless to do so would be
inconsistent with applicable law or
otherwise impractical. Voluntary
consensus standards are technical
standards (e.g., materials specifications,
test methods, sampling procedures, and
business practices) that are developed or
adopted by voluntary consensus
standards bodies. NTTAA directs EPA
to provide Congress, through OMB,
explanations when the Agency decides
not to use available and applicable
voluntary consensus standards. The
EPA believes that this action is not
subject to requirements of Section 12(d)
of NTTAA because application of those
requirements would be inconsistent
with the Clean Air Act.
Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions
To Address Environmental Justice in
Minority Populations and Low-Income
Populations
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629
(Feb. 16, 1994)) establishes Federal
executive policy on environmental
justice. Its main provision directs
Federal agencies, to the greatest extent
practicable and permitted by law, to
make environmental justice part of their
mission by identifying and addressing,
as appropriate, disproportionately high
and adverse human health or
environmental effects of their programs,
policies, and activities on minority
populations and low-income
populations in the United States.
EPA lacks the discretionary authority
to address environmental justice in this
proposed action. In reviewing SIP
submissions, EPA’s role is to approve or
disapprove State choices, based on the
criteria of the Clean Air Act.
Accordingly, this action merely
proposes to disapprove certain State
requirements for inclusion into the SIP
under Section 110 and subchapter I,
part D of the Clean Air Act and will not
in-and-of itself create any new
requirements. Accordingly, it does not
provide EPA with the discretionary
authority to address, as appropriate,
disproportionate human health or
environmental effects, using practicable
and legally permissible methods, under
Executive Order 12898.
Statutory Authority
The statutory authority for this action
is provided by Sections 110 of the CAA,
as amended (42 U.S.C. 7410).
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Intergovernmental
relations, Particulate matter.
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Dated: March 10, 2011.
Karl Brooks,
Regional Administrator, Region 7.
[FR Doc. 2011–6416 Filed 3–17–11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA–R07–OAR–2011–0215; FRL–9283–3]
Approval and Promulgation of Air
Quality Implementation Plan; Missouri;
Proposed Disapproval of Interstate
Transport State Implementation Plan
Revision for the 2006 24-Hour PM2.5
NAAQS
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
AGENCY:
Pursuant to our authority
under the Clean Air Act (CAA or Act),
EPA is proposing to disapprove the
portion of the Missouri CAA Section
110(a)(2) ‘‘Infrastructure’’ State
Implementation Plan (SIP) submittal
addressing significant contribution to
nonattainment or interference with
maintenance in another state with
respect to the 2006
24-hour fine particle (PM2.5) National
Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS). On December 18, 2009,
Missouri submitted a State
Implementation Plan (SIP) intended to
address the infrastructure SIP
requirements of CAA Section 110(a)(2)
for ‘‘infrastructure.’’ In this action, EPA
is proposing to disapprove the portion
of the Missouri SIP revision intended to
address Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I)
requirements prohibiting a state’s
emissions from significantly
contributing to nonattainment or
interfering with maintenance of the
NAAQS in any other state. The rationale
for the proposed action is described in
this proposal.
DATES: Comments must be received on
or before April 18, 2011.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments,
identified by Docket ID No. EPA–R07–
OAR–2011–0215, by one of the
following methods:
1. https://www.regulations.gov: Follow
the on-line instructions for submitting
comments.
2. E-mail: kramer.elizabeth@epa.gov.
3. Mail: Ms. Elizabeth Kramer, Air
Planning & Development, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency,
Region 7, 901 North 5th Street, Kansas
City, Kansas 66101.
4. Hand Delivery or Courier: Deliver
your comments to: Ms. Elizabeth
SUMMARY:
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Kramer, Air Planning & Development,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Region 7, 901 North 5th Street, Kansas
City, Kansas 66101. Such deliveries are
only accepted during the Regional
Office’s normal hours of operation.
Instructions: Direct your comments to
Docket ID No. EPA–R07–OAR–2011–
0215. EPA’s policy is that all comments
received will be included in the public
docket without change and may be
made available online at https://
www.regulations.gov, including any
personal information provided, unless
the comment includes information
claimed to be Confidential Business
Information (CBI) or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute.
Do not submit through https://
www.regulations.gov or e-mail,
information that you consider to be CBI
or otherwise protected. The https://
www.regulations.gov Web site is an
‘‘anonymous access’’ system, which
means EPA will not know your identity
or contact information unless you
provide it in the body of your comment.
If you send an e-mail comment directly
to EPA without going through https://
www.regulations.gov your e-mail
address will be automatically captured
and included as part of the comment
that is placed in the public docket and
made available on the Internet. If you
submit an electronic comment, EPA
recommends that you include your
name and other contact information in
the body of your comment and with any
disk or CD–ROM you submit. If EPA
cannot read your comment due to
technical difficulties and cannot contact
you for clarification, EPA may not be
able to consider your comment.
Electronic files should avoid the use of
special characters, any form of
encryption, and should be free of any
defects or viruses.
Docket: All documents in the
electronic docket are listed in the
https://www.regulations.gov index.
Although listed in the index, some
information is not publicly available,
i.e., CBI or other information whose
disclosure is restricted by statute.
Certain other material, such as
copyrighted material will be publicly
available only in hard copy. Publicly
available docket materials are available
either electronically in https://
www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at
the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Region 7, 901 North 5th Street,
Kansas City, Kansas 66101, from 8 a.m.
until 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday,
excluding legal holidays. The interested
persons wanting to examine these
documents should make an
appointment with the office at least 24
hours in advance.
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Ms.
Elizabeth Kramer, Air Planning &
Development Branch, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency,
Region 7, 901 North 5th Street, Kansas
City, Kansas 66101; telephone number:
(913) 551–7186; fax number: (913) 551–
7844; e-mail address:
kramer.elizabeth@epa.gov.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Throughout this document whenever
‘‘we,’’ ‘‘us,’’ or ‘‘our’’ is used, we mean
EPA. This Section provides additional
information by addressing the following
questions:
I. What should I consider as I prepare my
comments for EPA?
II. What is the background for this action?
III. What is EPA’s evaluation of the State’s
submittal?
IV. What action is EPA proposing?
V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
I. What should I consider as I prepare
my comments for EPA?
When submitting comments,
remember to:
1. Identify the rulemaking by docket
number and other identifying
information (subject heading, Federal
Register date and page number).
2. Follow directions—EPA may ask
you to respond to specific questions or
organize comments by referencing a
Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) part
or section number.
3. Explain why you agree or disagree;
suggest alternatives and substitute
language for your requested changes.
4. Describe any assumptions and
provide any technical information and/
or data that you used.
5. If you estimate potential costs or
burdens, explain how you arrived at
your estimate in sufficient detail to
allow for it to be reproduced.
6. Provide specific examples to
illustrate your concerns, and suggest
alternatives.
7. Explain your views as clearly as
possible, avoiding the use of profanity
or personal threats.
8. Make sure to submit your
comments by the comment period
deadline identified.
II. What is the background for this
action?
On December 18, 2006, EPA revised
the 24-hour average PM2.5 primary and
secondary NAAQS from 65 micrograms
per cubic meter (μg/m3) to 35 μg/m3.
Section 110(a)(1) of the CAA requires
states to submit infrastructure SIPs to
address a new or revised NAAQS within
3 years after promulgation of such
standards, or within such shorter period
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as EPA may prescribe.1 As provided by
Section 110(k)(2), within 12 months of
a determination that a submitted SIP is
complete under 110(k)(1), the
Administrator shall act on the plan. As
authorized in Section 110(k)(3) of the
Act, where portions of the State
submittals are severable, within that
12 month period EPA may decide to
approve only those severable portions of
the submittals that meet the
requirements of the Act. When the
deficient provisions are not severable
from the other submitted provisions,
EPA must propose disapproval of the
submittals, consistent with Section
110(k)(3) of the Act.
Section 110(a)(2) lists the elements
that such new infrastructure SIPs must
address, as applicable, including
Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i), which pertains
to interstate transport of certain
emissions. On September 25, 2009, EPA
issued its ‘‘Guidance on SIP Elements
Required Under Sections 110(a)(1) and
(2) for the 2006 24-Hour Fine Particle
(PM2.5) National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS)’’ (2009 Guidance).
EPA developed the 2009 Guidance to
make recommendations to states for
making submissions to meet the
requirements of Section 110, including
110(a)(2)(D)(i) for the revised 2006 24hour PM2.5 NAAQS.
As identified in the 2009 Guidance,
the ‘‘good neighbor’’ provisions in
Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i) require each state
to submit a SIP that prohibits emissions
that adversely affect another state in the
ways contemplated in the statute.
Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i) contains four
distinct requirements related to the
impacts of interstate transport. The SIP
must prevent sources in the state from
emitting pollutants in amounts which
will: (1) Contribute significantly to
nonattainment of the NAAQS in other
states; (2) interfere with maintenance of
the NAAQS in other states; (3) interfere
with provisions to prevent significant
deterioration of air quality in other
states; or (4) interfere with efforts to
protect visibility in other states.
In the 2009 Guidance, EPA indicated
that SIP submissions from states
pertaining to the ‘‘significant
contribution’’ and ‘‘interfere with
maintenance’’ requirements of Section
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) should contain
adequate provisions to prohibit air
pollutant emissions from within the
state that contribute significantly to
1 The rule for the revised PM
2.5 NAAQS was
signed by the Administrator and publically
disseminated on September 21, 2006. Because EPA
did not prescribe a shorter period for 110(a) SIP
submittals, these submittals for the 2006 24-hour
NAAQS were due on September 21, 2009, three
years from the September 21, 2006 signature date.
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nonattainment or interfere with
maintenance of the NAAQS in any other
state. EPA further indicated that the
state’s submission should explain
whether or not emissions from the state
have this impact and, if so, address the
impact. EPA stated that the state’s
conclusion should be supported by an
adequate technical analysis. EPA
recommended the various types of
information that could be relevant to
support the state SIP submission, such
as information concerning emissions in
the state, meteorological conditions in
the state and the potentially impacted
states, monitored ambient
concentrations in the state, and air
quality modeling. Furthermore, EPA
indicated that states should address the
‘‘interfere with maintenance’’
requirement independently which
requires an evaluation of impacts on
areas of other states that are meeting the
2006 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS, not merely
areas designated nonattainment. Lastly
in the 2009 Guidance, EPA stated that
states could not rely on the Clean Air
Interstate Rule (CAIR) to comply with
CAA Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)
requirements for the 2006 24-hour PM2.5
NAAQS because CAIR does not address
this NAAQS.
EPA promulgated the CAIR on May
12, 2005, (see 70 FR 25162). CAIR
required states to reduce emissions of
sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides that
significantly contribute to, and interfere
with maintenance of the 1997 NAAQS
for PM2.5 and/or ozone in any
downwind state. CAIR was intended to
provide states covered by the rule with
a mechanism to satisfy their CAA
Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) obligations to
address significant contribution to
downwind nonattainment and
interference with maintenance in
another state with respect to the 1997
ozone and PM2.5 NAAQS. Many states
adopted the CAIR provisions and
submitted SIPs to EPA to demonstrate
compliance with the CAIR requirements
in satisfaction of their 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I)
obligations for those two pollutants.
EPA was sued by a number of parties
on various aspects of CAIR, and on July
11, 2008, the U.S. Court of Appeals for
the District of Columbia Circuit issued
its decision to vacate and remand both
CAIR and the associated CAIR Federal
Implementation Plans (FIP) in their
entirety. North Carolina v. EPA, 531
F.3d 836 (D.C. Cir. Jul. 11, 2008).
However, in response to EPA’s petition
for rehearing, the Court issued an order
remanding CAIR to EPA without
vacating either CAIR or the CAIR FIPs.
North Carolina v. EPA, 550 F.3d 1176
(D.C. Cir. Dec. 23, 2008). The Court
thereby left CAIR in place in order to
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‘‘temporarily preserve the environmental
values covered by CAIR’’ until EPA
replaces it with a rule consistent with
the Court’s opinion. Id. at 1178. The
Court directed EPA to ‘‘remedy CAIR’s
flaws’’ consistent with its July 11, 2008,
opinion, but declined to impose a
schedule on EPA for completing that
action. Id.
In order to address the judicial
remand of CAIR, EPA has proposed a
new rule to address interstate transport
pursuant to Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I),
the ‘‘Federal Implementation Plans to
Reduce Interstate Transport of Fine
Particulate Matter and Ozone’’
(Transport Rule).2 As part of the
proposed Transport Rule, EPA
specifically examined the Section
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) requirement that
emissions from sources in a state must
not ‘‘significantly contribute to
nonattainment’’ and ‘‘interfere with
maintenance’’ of the 2006
24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS by other states.
The modeling performed for the
proposed Transport Rule shows that
Missouri significantly contributes to
nonattainment and interferes with
maintenance of the 2006 24-hour PM2.5
NAAQS in downwind areas.3
On December 28, 2009, EPA received
a SIP revision from the State of Missouri
intended to address the requirements of
Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) for the 2006 24hour PM2.5 NAAQS as well as other
requirements of Section 110(a)(2). In
this rulemaking, EPA is addressing only
the requirements that pertain to
prohibiting sources in Missouri from
emitting pollutants that will
significantly contribute to
nonattainment or interfere with
maintenance of the 2006 24-hour PM2.5
NAAQS in other states. In its
submission, Missouri indicated that
several actions have been implemented
to address the transport of direct PM2.5
and also PM2.5 precursors of Nitrogen
Oxides (NOX) and Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
over time. The submission included a
description of and references to the
relevant state rules intended to address
the interstate transport of emissions.
III. What is EPA’s evaluation of the
State’s submittal?
Missouri’s December 28, 2009,
submittal included a description of how
the state has implemented rules or is
2 See ‘‘Federal Implementation Plans to Reduce
Interstate Transport of Fine Particulate Matter and
Ozone; Proposed Rule,’’ 75 FR 45210 (August 2,
2010).
3 See Section IV on Defining ‘‘Significant
Contribution’’ and ‘‘Interference With Maintenance,’’
75 FR 45229 of ‘‘Federal Implementation Plans to
Reduce Interstate Transport of Fine Particulate
Matter and Ozone; Proposed Rule,’’ 75 FR 45210
(August 2, 2010).
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14837
developing rules to meet various
requirements to address the long-range
transport of pollution. Missouri has a
number of rules included in the SIP for
the control of NOX and SO2 emissions.
For example, Missouri’s SIP includes
rules that control NOX emissions from
Electric Generating Units (10 CSR 10–
6.360), from Cement Kilns (10 CSR 10–
6.680) and from Large Stationary
Internal Combustion Engines (10 CSR
10–6.390). EPA’s preliminary
photochemical modeling for the
proposed Transport Rule considered
these rules and still indicates that
emissions from the State of Missouri
significantly contribute to
nonattainment and interfere with
maintenance in other states with respect
to the 2006 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS.4
EPA’s 2009 Guidance stated that a
state’s SIP submission pertaining to the
requirement of Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I)
must be supported by an adequate
technical analysis.5 EPA recommended
the various types of information that
could be relevant to support the state’s
SIP submission. While Missouri
submitted a description of state rules
that have been implemented to reduce
PM2.5, NOX and SO2 emissions, the state
did not further evaluate or demonstrate
with a technical analysis that these
measures address the requirements of
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) to prohibit Missouri’s
air pollutant emissions from
significantly contributing to
nonattainment or interfering with
maintenance in other states.
Furthermore, the state’s submittal also
indicates that it is meeting its
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) obligations with
respect to the 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS in
part by virtue of its approved CAIR SIP.
However, CAIR was promulgated before
the 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS were revised
in 2006 and does not address interstate
transport with respect to the 2006 PM2.5
NAAQS.6 Thus, reliance on CAIR
cannot be used to comply with Section
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) for the respective 2006
4 See Section IV on Defining ‘‘Significant
Contribution’’ and ‘‘Interference With Maintenance,’’
75 FR 45229 of ‘‘Federal Implementation Plans to
Reduce Interstate Transport of Fine Particulate
Matter and Ozone; Proposed Rule,’’ 75 FR 45210
(August 2, 2010).
5 See William T. Harnett, Director, Air Quality
Policy Division, Office of Air Quality Planning and
Standards. ‘‘Guidance on SIP Elements Required
Under Sections 110(a)(1) and (2) for the 2006 24hour Fine Particle (PM2.5) National Ambient Air
Quality Standards.’’ Memorandum to EPA Air
Division Directors, Regions I–X, (September 25,
2009).
6 Further, as explained above and in the
Transport Rule proposal, the D.C. Circuit in North
Carolina v. EPA found that EPA’s quantification of
states’ significant contribution and interference
with maintenance in CAIR was improper and
remanded the rule to EPA. CAIR remains in effect
only temporarily.
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NAAQS. Several states recognize that
some of the controls planned for or
already installed on sources within the
state (to meet CAIR provisions) satisfied
the Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I)
requirements for the 2006 24-hour PM2.5
NAAQS. However, states will not be
able to permanently rely upon the
emissions reductions predicted by
CAIR, because CAIR was remanded to
EPA and EPA is in the process of
developing a Transport Rule (which it
has proposed as a replacement for the
remanded CAIR) to address the
concerns outlined in its decision
remanding CAIR. For these reasons,
EPA would not be able to approve
Missouri’s SIP submission pertaining to
the requirements under Section
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) because it relies, in
part, on CAIR for emission reduction
measures.
Based upon our evaluation, EPA is
proposing that this SIP revision does not
meet the requirements of
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) of the CAA. Therefore,
EPA is proposing disapproval of the
portion of Missouri’s Infrastructure SIP
relating to Interstate Transport, Section
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I). The submitted
provisions are severable from each
other. Therefore, EPA is proposing to
disapprove those provisions which
relate to the Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I)
demonstration and will act on the
remainder of the SIP submission in a
subsequent rulemaking.
Also, under Section 179(a) of the
CAA, final disapproval of a submittal
that addresses a requirement of a Part D
Plan (42 U.S.C.A. §§ 7501–7515), or is
required in response to a finding of
substantial inadequacy as described in
section 7410(k)(5) (SIP call), starts a
sanctions clock. The provisions in the
submittal we are proposing to
disapprove were not submitted to meet
either of those requirements. Therefore,
if EPA takes final action to disapprove
this submittal, no sanctions will be
triggered.
The full or partial disapproval of a
state implementation plan revision
triggers the requirement under Section
110(c) that EPA promulgate a FIP no
later than 2 years from the date of the
disapproval unless the state corrects the
deficiency, and the Administrator
approves the plan or plan revision
before the Administrator promulgates
such FIP. The Transport Rule FIP, if
finalized in the manner proposed, may
address these requirements for the State
of Missouri.
IV. What action is EPA proposing?
We are proposing to disapprove a
submission from the State of Missouri
intended to demonstrate that Missouri
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has adequately addressed the elements
of CAA Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) that
require the state’s SIP to contain
adequate provisions to prohibit air
pollutant emissions from sources within
a state from significantly contributing to
nonattainment in or interference with
maintenance of the 2006 24-hour PM2.5
NAAQS in any other state. We are
proposing to determine that the
Missouri submission does not contain
adequate provisions to prohibit air
pollutant emissions from within the
state that significantly contribute to
nonattainment in or interference with
maintenance of the 2006 24-hour PM2.5
NAAQS in other downwind states. Any
remaining elements of the submittal,
including language to address other
CAA Section 110(a)(2) elements,
including Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II)
regarding interference with measures
required in the applicable SIP for
another state designed to prevent
significant deterioration of air quality
and protect visibility, are not addressed
in this action. EPA is proposing to
disapprove only the provisions which
relate to the Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I)
demonstration.
V. Statutory and Executive Order
Reviews
Under the CAA, the Administrator is
required to approve a SIP submission
that complies with the provisions of the
Act and applicable Federal regulations.
42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a).
Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions,
EPA’s role is to act on state law as
meeting Federal requirements and does
not impose additional requirements
beyond those imposed by state law.
Executive Order 12866, Regulatory
Planning and Review
This action is not a ‘‘significant
regulatory action’’ under the terms of
Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735,
October 4, 1993) and is therefore not
subject to review under the Executive
Order.
Paperwork Reduction Act
This action does not impose an
information collection burden under the
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction
Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., because this
proposed SIP disapproval under Section
110 and subchapter I, part D of the
Clean Air Act will not in-and-of itself
create any new information collection
burdens but simply disapproves certain
State requirements for inclusion into the
SIP. Burden is defined at 5 CFR
1320.3(b).
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Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)
generally requires an agency to conduct
a regulatory flexibility analysis of any
rule subject to notice and comment
rulemaking requirements unless the
agency certifies that the rule will not
have a significant economic impact on
a substantial number of small entities.
Small entities include small businesses,
small not-for-profit enterprises, and
small governmental jurisdictions. For
purposes of assessing the impacts of
today’s rule on small entities, small
entity is defined as: (1) A small business
as defined by the Small Business
Administration’s (SBA) regulations at 13
CFR 121.201; (2) a small governmental
jurisdiction that is a government of a
city, county, town, school district or
special district with a population of less
than 50,000; and (3) a small
organization that is any not-for-profit
enterprise which is independently
owned and operated and is not
dominant in its field.
After considering the economic
impacts of today’s proposed rule on
small entities, I certify that this action
will not have a significant impact on a
substantial number of small entities.
This rule does not impose any
requirements or create impacts on small
entities. This proposed SIP disapproval
under Section 110 and subchapter I,
part D of the Clean Air Act will not inand-of itself create any new
requirements but simply disapproves
certain state requirements for inclusion
into the SIP. Accordingly, it affords no
opportunity for EPA to fashion for small
entities less burdensome compliance or
reporting requirements or timetables or
exemptions from all or part of the rule.
The fact that the Clean Air Act
prescribes that various consequences
(e.g., higher offset requirements) may or
will flow from this disapproval does not
mean that EPA either can or must
conduct a regulatory flexibility analysis
for this action. Therefore, this action
will not have a significant economic
impact on a substantial number of small
entities.
We continue to be interested in the
potential impacts of this proposed rule
on small entities and welcome
comments on issues related to such
impacts.
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
This action contains no Federal
mandates under the provisions of Title
II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform
Act of 1995 (UMRA), 2 U.S.C. 1531–
1538 for state, local, or tribal
governments or the private sector. EPA
has determined that the proposed
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Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 53 / Friday, March 18, 2011 / Proposed Rules
disapproval action does not include a
Federal mandate that may result in
estimated costs of $100 million or more
to either state, local, or tribal
governments in the aggregate, or to the
private sector. This action proposes to
disapprove pre-existing requirements
under State or local law, and imposes
no new requirements. Accordingly, no
additional costs to state, local, or tribal
governments, or to the private sector,
result from this action.
jlentini on DSKJ8SOYB1PROD with PROPOSALS
Executive Order 13132, Federalism
Executive Order 13132, entitled
‘‘Federalism’’ (64 FR 43255, August 10,
1999), requires EPA to develop an
accountable process to ensure
‘‘meaningful and timely input by state
and local officials in the development of
regulatory policies that have federalism
implications.’’ ‘‘Policies that have
federalism implications’’ is defined in
the Executive Order to include
regulations that have ‘‘substantial direct
effects on the states, on the relationship
between the national government and
the states, or on the distribution of
power and responsibilities among the
various levels of government.’’
This action does not have federalism
implications. It will not have substantial
direct effects on the states, on the
relationship between the national
government and the states, or on the
distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various
levels of government, as specified in
Executive Order 13132. This action
merely disapproves certain state
requirements for inclusion into the SIP
and does not alter the relationship or
the distribution of power and
responsibilities established in the Clean
Air Act. However, today’s proposed
disapproval does not have federalism
implications. Thus, Executive Order
13132 does not apply to this action.
Executive Order 13175, Consultation
and Coordination With Indian Tribal
Governments
This action does not have tribal
implications, as specified in Executive
Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9,
2000), because the SIP EPA is proposing
to disapprove would not apply in Indian
country located in the state, and EPA
notes that it will not impose substantial
direct costs on tribal governments or
preempt tribal law. Thus, Executive
Order 13175 does not apply to this
action.
Executive Order 13045, Protection of
Children From Environmental Health
Risks and Safety Risks
EPA interprets Executive Order 13045
(62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997) as
VerDate Mar<15>2010
15:53 Mar 17, 2011
Jkt 223001
applying only to those regulatory
actions that concern health or safety
risks, such that the analysis required
under Section 5–501 of the Executive
Order has the potential to influence the
regulation. This action is not subject to
Executive Order 13045 because it is not
an economically significant regulatory
action based on health or safety risks
subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR
19885, April 23, 1997). This proposed
SIP disapproval under Section 110 and
subchapter I, part D of the Clean Air Act
will not in-and-of itself create any new
regulations but simply disapproves
certain state requirements for inclusion
into the SIP.
Executive Order 13211, Actions That
Significantly Affect Energy Supply,
Distribution or Use
This action is not subject to Executive
Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22,
2001) because it is not a significant
regulatory action under Executive Order
12866.
National Technology Transfer and
Advancement Act
Section 12(d) of the National
Technology Transfer and Advancement
Act of 1995 (‘‘NTTAA’’), Public Law
104–113, Section 12(d) (15 U.S.C. 272
note) directs EPA to use voluntary
consensus standards in its regulatory
activities unless to do so would be
inconsistent with applicable law or
otherwise impractical. Voluntary
consensus standards are technical
standards (e.g., materials specifications,
test methods, sampling procedures, and
business practices) that are developed or
adopted by voluntary consensus
standards bodies. NTTAA directs EPA
to provide Congress, through OMB,
explanations when the Agency decides
not to use available and applicable
voluntary consensus standards.
The EPA believes that this action is
not subject to requirements of Section
12(d) of NTTAA because application of
those requirements would be
inconsistent with the Clean Air Act.
Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions
To Address Environmental Justice in
Minority Populations and Low-Income
Populations
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629
(Feb. 16, 1994)) establishes federal
executive policy on environmental
justice. Its main provision directs
federal agencies, to the greatest extent
practicable and permitted by law, to
make environmental justice part of their
mission by identifying and addressing,
as appropriate, disproportionately high
and adverse human health or
environmental effects of their programs,
PO 00000
Frm 00021
Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
14839
policies, and activities on minority
populations and low-income
populations in the United States.
EPA lacks the discretionary authority
to address environmental justice in this
proposed action. In reviewing SIP
submissions, EPA’s role is to approve or
disapprove state choices, based on the
criteria of the Clean Air Act.
Accordingly, this action merely
proposes to disapproves certain state
requirements for inclusion into the SIP
under Section 110 and subchapter I,
part D of the Clean Air Act and will not
in-and-of itself create any new
requirements. Accordingly, it does not
provide EPA with the discretionary
authority to address, as appropriate,
disproportionate human health or
environmental effects, using practicable
and legally permissible methods, under
Executive Order 12898.
Statutory Authority
The statutory authority for this action
is provided by Sections 110 of the CAA,
as amended (42 U.S.C. 7410).
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Intergovernmental
relations, Particulate matter.
Dated: March 10, 2011.
Karl Brooks,
Regional Administrator, Region 7.
[FR Doc. 2011–6418 Filed 3–17–11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 63
[EPA–R09–OAR–2011–0213; FRL–9283–5]
Delegation of National Emission
Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
for Source Categories; State of
Arizona, Maricopa County Air Quality
Department; State of California, Santa
Barbara County Air Pollution Control
District
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
AGENCY:
Pursuant to section 112(l) of
the 1990 Clean Air Act, EPA granted
delegation of specific national emission
standards for hazardous air pollutants
(NESHAP) to the Maricopa County Air
Quality Department on May 6, 2010,
and December 14, 2010, and to the
Santa Barbara County Air Pollution
Control District on July 30, 2010. EPA
is proposing to revise the Code of
Federal Regulations to reflect the
SUMMARY:
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18MRP1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 76, Number 53 (Friday, March 18, 2011)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 14835-14839]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2011-6418]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA-R07-OAR-2011-0215; FRL-9283-3]
Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plan;
Missouri; Proposed Disapproval of Interstate Transport State
Implementation Plan Revision for the 2006 24-Hour PM2.5 NAAQS
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: Pursuant to our authority under the Clean Air Act (CAA or
Act), EPA is proposing to disapprove the portion of the Missouri CAA
Section 110(a)(2) ``Infrastructure'' State Implementation Plan (SIP)
submittal addressing significant contribution to nonattainment or
interference with maintenance in another state with respect to the 2006
24-hour fine particle (PM2.5) National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS). On December 18, 2009, Missouri submitted a State
Implementation Plan (SIP) intended to address the infrastructure SIP
requirements of CAA Section 110(a)(2) for ``infrastructure.'' In this
action, EPA is proposing to disapprove the portion of the Missouri SIP
revision intended to address Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) requirements
prohibiting a state's emissions from significantly contributing to
nonattainment or interfering with maintenance of the NAAQS in any other
state. The rationale for the proposed action is described in this
proposal.
DATES: Comments must be received on or before April 18, 2011.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R07-
OAR-2011-0215, by one of the following methods:
1. https://www.regulations.gov: Follow the on-line instructions for
submitting comments.
2. E-mail: kramer.elizabeth@epa.gov.
3. Mail: Ms. Elizabeth Kramer, Air Planning & Development, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Region 7, 901 North 5th Street, Kansas
City, Kansas 66101.
4. Hand Delivery or Courier: Deliver your comments to: Ms.
Elizabeth
[[Page 14836]]
Kramer, Air Planning & Development, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Region 7, 901 North 5th Street, Kansas City, Kansas 66101. Such
deliveries are only accepted during the Regional Office's normal hours
of operation.
Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA-R07-OAR-
2011-0215. EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included
in the public docket without change and may be made available online at
https://www.regulations.gov, including any personal information
provided, unless the comment includes information claimed to be
Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose
disclosure is restricted by statute. Do not submit through https://www.regulations.gov or e-mail, information that you consider to be CBI
or otherwise protected. The https://www.regulations.gov Web site is an
``anonymous access'' system, which means EPA will not know your
identity or contact information unless you provide it in the body of
your comment. If you send an e-mail comment directly to EPA without
going through https://www.regulations.gov your e-mail address will be
automatically captured and included as part of the comment that is
placed in the public docket and made available on the Internet. If you
submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends that you include your name
and other contact information in the body of your comment and with any
disk or CD-ROM you submit. If EPA cannot read your comment due to
technical difficulties and cannot contact you for clarification, EPA
may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic files should avoid
the use of special characters, any form of encryption, and should be
free of any defects or viruses.
Docket: All documents in the electronic docket are listed in the
https://www.regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some
information is not publicly available, i.e., CBI or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such
as copyrighted material will be publicly available only in hard copy.
Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically
in https://www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Region 7, 901 North 5th Street, Kansas City, Kansas
66101, from 8 a.m. until 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding
legal holidays. The interested persons wanting to examine these
documents should make an appointment with the office at least 24 hours
in advance.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. Elizabeth Kramer, Air Planning &
Development Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 7, 901
North 5th Street, Kansas City, Kansas 66101; telephone number: (913)
551-7186; fax number: (913) 551-7844; e-mail address:
kramer.elizabeth@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document whenever ``we,''
``us,'' or ``our'' is used, we mean EPA. This Section provides
additional information by addressing the following questions:
I. What should I consider as I prepare my comments for EPA?
II. What is the background for this action?
III. What is EPA's evaluation of the State's submittal?
IV. What action is EPA proposing?
V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
I. What should I consider as I prepare my comments for EPA?
When submitting comments, remember to:
1. Identify the rulemaking by docket number and other identifying
information (subject heading, Federal Register date and page number).
2. Follow directions--EPA may ask you to respond to specific
questions or organize comments by referencing a Code of Federal
Regulations (CFR) part or section number.
3. Explain why you agree or disagree; suggest alternatives and
substitute language for your requested changes.
4. Describe any assumptions and provide any technical information
and/or data that you used.
5. If you estimate potential costs or burdens, explain how you
arrived at your estimate in sufficient detail to allow for it to be
reproduced.
6. Provide specific examples to illustrate your concerns, and
suggest alternatives.
7. Explain your views as clearly as possible, avoiding the use of
profanity or personal threats.
8. Make sure to submit your comments by the comment period deadline
identified.
II. What is the background for this action?
On December 18, 2006, EPA revised the 24-hour average
PM2.5 primary and secondary NAAQS from 65 micrograms per
cubic meter ([mu]g/m\3\) to 35 [mu]g/m\3\. Section 110(a)(1) of the CAA
requires states to submit infrastructure SIPs to address a new or
revised NAAQS within 3 years after promulgation of such standards, or
within such shorter period as EPA may prescribe.\1\ As provided by
Section 110(k)(2), within 12 months of a determination that a submitted
SIP is complete under 110(k)(1), the Administrator shall act on the
plan. As authorized in Section 110(k)(3) of the Act, where portions of
the State submittals are severable, within that 12 month period EPA may
decide to approve only those severable portions of the submittals that
meet the requirements of the Act. When the deficient provisions are not
severable from the other submitted provisions, EPA must propose
disapproval of the submittals, consistent with Section 110(k)(3) of the
Act.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The rule for the revised PM2.5 NAAQS was signed
by the Administrator and publically disseminated on September 21,
2006. Because EPA did not prescribe a shorter period for 110(a) SIP
submittals, these submittals for the 2006 24-hour NAAQS were due on
September 21, 2009, three years from the September 21, 2006
signature date.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Section 110(a)(2) lists the elements that such new infrastructure
SIPs must address, as applicable, including Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i),
which pertains to interstate transport of certain emissions. On
September 25, 2009, EPA issued its ``Guidance on SIP Elements Required
Under Sections 110(a)(1) and (2) for the 2006 24-Hour Fine Particle
(PM2.5) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)''
(2009 Guidance). EPA developed the 2009 Guidance to make
recommendations to states for making submissions to meet the
requirements of Section 110, including 110(a)(2)(D)(i) for the revised
2006 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS.
As identified in the 2009 Guidance, the ``good neighbor''
provisions in Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i) require each state to submit a
SIP that prohibits emissions that adversely affect another state in the
ways contemplated in the statute. Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i) contains four
distinct requirements related to the impacts of interstate transport.
The SIP must prevent sources in the state from emitting pollutants in
amounts which will: (1) Contribute significantly to nonattainment of
the NAAQS in other states; (2) interfere with maintenance of the NAAQS
in other states; (3) interfere with provisions to prevent significant
deterioration of air quality in other states; or (4) interfere with
efforts to protect visibility in other states.
In the 2009 Guidance, EPA indicated that SIP submissions from
states pertaining to the ``significant contribution'' and ``interfere
with maintenance'' requirements of Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) should
contain adequate provisions to prohibit air pollutant emissions from
within the state that contribute significantly to
[[Page 14837]]
nonattainment or interfere with maintenance of the NAAQS in any other
state. EPA further indicated that the state's submission should explain
whether or not emissions from the state have this impact and, if so,
address the impact. EPA stated that the state's conclusion should be
supported by an adequate technical analysis. EPA recommended the
various types of information that could be relevant to support the
state SIP submission, such as information concerning emissions in the
state, meteorological conditions in the state and the potentially
impacted states, monitored ambient concentrations in the state, and air
quality modeling. Furthermore, EPA indicated that states should address
the ``interfere with maintenance'' requirement independently which
requires an evaluation of impacts on areas of other states that are
meeting the 2006 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS, not merely areas
designated nonattainment. Lastly in the 2009 Guidance, EPA stated that
states could not rely on the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) to comply
with CAA Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i) requirements for the 2006 24-hour
PM2.5 NAAQS because CAIR does not address this NAAQS.
EPA promulgated the CAIR on May 12, 2005, (see 70 FR 25162). CAIR
required states to reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen
oxides that significantly contribute to, and interfere with maintenance
of the 1997 NAAQS for PM2.5 and/or ozone in any downwind
state. CAIR was intended to provide states covered by the rule with a
mechanism to satisfy their CAA Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) obligations
to address significant contribution to downwind nonattainment and
interference with maintenance in another state with respect to the 1997
ozone and PM2.5 NAAQS. Many states adopted the CAIR
provisions and submitted SIPs to EPA to demonstrate compliance with the
CAIR requirements in satisfaction of their 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I)
obligations for those two pollutants.
EPA was sued by a number of parties on various aspects of CAIR, and
on July 11, 2008, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of
Columbia Circuit issued its decision to vacate and remand both CAIR and
the associated CAIR Federal Implementation Plans (FIP) in their
entirety. North Carolina v. EPA, 531 F.3d 836 (D.C. Cir. Jul. 11,
2008). However, in response to EPA's petition for rehearing, the Court
issued an order remanding CAIR to EPA without vacating either CAIR or
the CAIR FIPs. North Carolina v. EPA, 550 F.3d 1176 (D.C. Cir. Dec. 23,
2008). The Court thereby left CAIR in place in order to ``temporarily
preserve the environmental values covered by CAIR'' until EPA replaces
it with a rule consistent with the Court's opinion. Id. at 1178. The
Court directed EPA to ``remedy CAIR's flaws'' consistent with its July
11, 2008, opinion, but declined to impose a schedule on EPA for
completing that action. Id.
In order to address the judicial remand of CAIR, EPA has proposed a
new rule to address interstate transport pursuant to Section
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I), the ``Federal Implementation Plans to Reduce
Interstate Transport of Fine Particulate Matter and Ozone'' (Transport
Rule).\2\ As part of the proposed Transport Rule, EPA specifically
examined the Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) requirement that emissions from
sources in a state must not ``significantly contribute to
nonattainment'' and ``interfere with maintenance'' of the 2006 24-hour
PM2.5 NAAQS by other states. The modeling performed for the
proposed Transport Rule shows that Missouri significantly contributes
to nonattainment and interferes with maintenance of the 2006 24-hour
PM2.5 NAAQS in downwind areas.\3\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ See ``Federal Implementation Plans to Reduce Interstate
Transport of Fine Particulate Matter and Ozone; Proposed Rule,'' 75
FR 45210 (August 2, 2010).
\3\ See Section IV on Defining ``Significant Contribution'' and
``Interference With Maintenance,'' 75 FR 45229 of ``Federal
Implementation Plans to Reduce Interstate Transport of Fine
Particulate Matter and Ozone; Proposed Rule,'' 75 FR 45210 (August
2, 2010).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
On December 28, 2009, EPA received a SIP revision from the State of
Missouri intended to address the requirements of Section
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) for the 2006 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS as well
as other requirements of Section 110(a)(2). In this rulemaking, EPA is
addressing only the requirements that pertain to prohibiting sources in
Missouri from emitting pollutants that will significantly contribute to
nonattainment or interfere with maintenance of the 2006 24-hour
PM2.5 NAAQS in other states. In its submission, Missouri
indicated that several actions have been implemented to address the
transport of direct PM2.5 and also PM2.5
precursors of Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) and Sulfur Dioxide
(SO2) over time. The submission included a description of
and references to the relevant state rules intended to address the
interstate transport of emissions.
III. What is EPA's evaluation of the State's submittal?
Missouri's December 28, 2009, submittal included a description of
how the state has implemented rules or is developing rules to meet
various requirements to address the long-range transport of pollution.
Missouri has a number of rules included in the SIP for the control of
NOX and SO2 emissions. For example, Missouri's
SIP includes rules that control NOX emissions from Electric
Generating Units (10 CSR 10-6.360), from Cement Kilns (10 CSR 10-6.680)
and from Large Stationary Internal Combustion Engines (10 CSR 10-
6.390). EPA's preliminary photochemical modeling for the proposed
Transport Rule considered these rules and still indicates that
emissions from the State of Missouri significantly contribute to
nonattainment and interfere with maintenance in other states with
respect to the 2006 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS.\4\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\4\ See Section IV on Defining ``Significant Contribution'' and
``Interference With Maintenance,'' 75 FR 45229 of ``Federal
Implementation Plans to Reduce Interstate Transport of Fine
Particulate Matter and Ozone; Proposed Rule,'' 75 FR 45210 (August
2, 2010).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
EPA's 2009 Guidance stated that a state's SIP submission pertaining
to the requirement of Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) must be supported by
an adequate technical analysis.\5\ EPA recommended the various types of
information that could be relevant to support the state's SIP
submission. While Missouri submitted a description of state rules that
have been implemented to reduce PM2.5, NOX and
SO2 emissions, the state did not further evaluate or
demonstrate with a technical analysis that these measures address the
requirements of 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) to prohibit Missouri's air pollutant
emissions from significantly contributing to nonattainment or
interfering with maintenance in other states.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\5\ See William T. Harnett, Director, Air Quality Policy
Division, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. ``Guidance
on SIP Elements Required Under Sections 110(a)(1) and (2) for the
2006 24-hour Fine Particle (PM2.5) National Ambient Air
Quality Standards.'' Memorandum to EPA Air Division Directors,
Regions I-X, (September 25, 2009).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Furthermore, the state's submittal also indicates that it is
meeting its 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) obligations with respect to the 2006
PM2.5 NAAQS in part by virtue of its approved CAIR SIP.
However, CAIR was promulgated before the 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS
were revised in 2006 and does not address interstate transport with
respect to the 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS.\6\ Thus, reliance on CAIR
cannot be used to comply with Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) for the
respective 2006
[[Page 14838]]
NAAQS. Several states recognize that some of the controls planned for
or already installed on sources within the state (to meet CAIR
provisions) satisfied the Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) requirements for
the 2006 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS. However, states will not be
able to permanently rely upon the emissions reductions predicted by
CAIR, because CAIR was remanded to EPA and EPA is in the process of
developing a Transport Rule (which it has proposed as a replacement for
the remanded CAIR) to address the concerns outlined in its decision
remanding CAIR. For these reasons, EPA would not be able to approve
Missouri's SIP submission pertaining to the requirements under Section
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) because it relies, in part, on CAIR for emission
reduction measures.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\6\ Further, as explained above and in the Transport Rule
proposal, the D.C. Circuit in North Carolina v. EPA found that EPA's
quantification of states' significant contribution and interference
with maintenance in CAIR was improper and remanded the rule to EPA.
CAIR remains in effect only temporarily.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Based upon our evaluation, EPA is proposing that this SIP revision
does not meet the requirements of 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) of the CAA.
Therefore, EPA is proposing disapproval of the portion of Missouri's
Infrastructure SIP relating to Interstate Transport, Section
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I). The submitted provisions are severable from each
other. Therefore, EPA is proposing to disapprove those provisions which
relate to the Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) demonstration and will act on
the remainder of the SIP submission in a subsequent rulemaking.
Also, under Section 179(a) of the CAA, final disapproval of a
submittal that addresses a requirement of a Part D Plan (42 U.S.C.A.
Sec. Sec. 7501-7515), or is required in response to a finding of
substantial inadequacy as described in section 7410(k)(5) (SIP call),
starts a sanctions clock. The provisions in the submittal we are
proposing to disapprove were not submitted to meet either of those
requirements. Therefore, if EPA takes final action to disapprove this
submittal, no sanctions will be triggered.
The full or partial disapproval of a state implementation plan
revision triggers the requirement under Section 110(c) that EPA
promulgate a FIP no later than 2 years from the date of the disapproval
unless the state corrects the deficiency, and the Administrator
approves the plan or plan revision before the Administrator promulgates
such FIP. The Transport Rule FIP, if finalized in the manner proposed,
may address these requirements for the State of Missouri.
IV. What action is EPA proposing?
We are proposing to disapprove a submission from the State of
Missouri intended to demonstrate that Missouri has adequately addressed
the elements of CAA Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) that require the state's
SIP to contain adequate provisions to prohibit air pollutant emissions
from sources within a state from significantly contributing to
nonattainment in or interference with maintenance of the 2006 24-hour
PM2.5 NAAQS in any other state. We are proposing to
determine that the Missouri submission does not contain adequate
provisions to prohibit air pollutant emissions from within the state
that significantly contribute to nonattainment in or interference with
maintenance of the 2006 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS in other
downwind states. Any remaining elements of the submittal, including
language to address other CAA Section 110(a)(2) elements, including
Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) regarding interference with measures
required in the applicable SIP for another state designed to prevent
significant deterioration of air quality and protect visibility, are
not addressed in this action. EPA is proposing to disapprove only the
provisions which relate to the Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I)
demonstration.
V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP
submission that complies with the provisions of the Act and applicable
Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in
reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to act on state law as meeting
Federal requirements and does not impose additional requirements beyond
those imposed by state law.
Executive Order 12866, Regulatory Planning and Review
This action is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under the
terms of Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and is
therefore not subject to review under the Executive Order.
Paperwork Reduction Act
This action does not impose an information collection burden under
the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.,
because this proposed SIP disapproval under Section 110 and subchapter
I, part D of the Clean Air Act will not in-and-of itself create any new
information collection burdens but simply disapproves certain State
requirements for inclusion into the SIP. Burden is defined at 5 CFR
1320.3(b).
Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) generally requires an agency
to conduct a regulatory flexibility analysis of any rule subject to
notice and comment rulemaking requirements unless the agency certifies
that the rule will not have a significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities. Small entities include small
businesses, small not-for-profit enterprises, and small governmental
jurisdictions. For purposes of assessing the impacts of today's rule on
small entities, small entity is defined as: (1) A small business as
defined by the Small Business Administration's (SBA) regulations at 13
CFR 121.201; (2) a small governmental jurisdiction that is a government
of a city, county, town, school district or special district with a
population of less than 50,000; and (3) a small organization that is
any not-for-profit enterprise which is independently owned and operated
and is not dominant in its field.
After considering the economic impacts of today's proposed rule on
small entities, I certify that this action will not have a significant
impact on a substantial number of small entities. This rule does not
impose any requirements or create impacts on small entities. This
proposed SIP disapproval under Section 110 and subchapter I, part D of
the Clean Air Act will not in-and-of itself create any new requirements
but simply disapproves certain state requirements for inclusion into
the SIP. Accordingly, it affords no opportunity for EPA to fashion for
small entities less burdensome compliance or reporting requirements or
timetables or exemptions from all or part of the rule. The fact that
the Clean Air Act prescribes that various consequences (e.g., higher
offset requirements) may or will flow from this disapproval does not
mean that EPA either can or must conduct a regulatory flexibility
analysis for this action. Therefore, this action will not have a
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.
We continue to be interested in the potential impacts of this
proposed rule on small entities and welcome comments on issues related
to such impacts.
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
This action contains no Federal mandates under the provisions of
Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA), 2 U.S.C.
1531-1538 for state, local, or tribal governments or the private
sector. EPA has determined that the proposed
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disapproval action does not include a Federal mandate that may result
in estimated costs of $100 million or more to either state, local, or
tribal governments in the aggregate, or to the private sector. This
action proposes to disapprove pre-existing requirements under State or
local law, and imposes no new requirements. Accordingly, no additional
costs to state, local, or tribal governments, or to the private sector,
result from this action.
Executive Order 13132, Federalism
Executive Order 13132, entitled ``Federalism'' (64 FR 43255, August
10, 1999), requires EPA to develop an accountable process to ensure
``meaningful and timely input by state and local officials in the
development of regulatory policies that have federalism implications.''
``Policies that have federalism implications'' is defined in the
Executive Order to include regulations that have ``substantial direct
effects on the states, on the relationship between the national
government and the states, or on the distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various levels of government.''
This action does not have federalism implications. It will not have
substantial direct effects on the states, on the relationship between
the national government and the states, or on the distribution of power
and responsibilities among the various levels of government, as
specified in Executive Order 13132. This action merely disapproves
certain state requirements for inclusion into the SIP and does not
alter the relationship or the distribution of power and
responsibilities established in the Clean Air Act. However, today's
proposed disapproval does not have federalism implications. Thus,
Executive Order 13132 does not apply to this action.
Executive Order 13175, Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal
Governments
This action does not have tribal implications, as specified in
Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000), because the SIP
EPA is proposing to disapprove would not apply in Indian country
located in the state, and EPA notes that it will not impose substantial
direct costs on tribal governments or preempt tribal law. Thus,
Executive Order 13175 does not apply to this action.
Executive Order 13045, Protection of Children From Environmental Health
Risks and Safety Risks
EPA interprets Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997)
as applying only to those regulatory actions that concern health or
safety risks, such that the analysis required under Section 5-501 of
the Executive Order has the potential to influence the regulation. This
action is not subject to Executive Order 13045 because it is not an
economically significant regulatory action based on health or safety
risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997).
This proposed SIP disapproval under Section 110 and subchapter I, part
D of the Clean Air Act will not in-and-of itself create any new
regulations but simply disapproves certain state requirements for
inclusion into the SIP.
Executive Order 13211, Actions That Significantly Affect Energy Supply,
Distribution or Use
This action is not subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355,
May 22, 2001) because it is not a significant regulatory action under
Executive Order 12866.
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement
Act of 1995 (``NTTAA''), Public Law 104-113, Section 12(d) (15 U.S.C.
272 note) directs EPA to use voluntary consensus standards in its
regulatory activities unless to do so would be inconsistent with
applicable law or otherwise impractical. Voluntary consensus standards
are technical standards (e.g., materials specifications, test methods,
sampling procedures, and business practices) that are developed or
adopted by voluntary consensus standards bodies. NTTAA directs EPA to
provide Congress, through OMB, explanations when the Agency decides not
to use available and applicable voluntary consensus standards.
The EPA believes that this action is not subject to requirements of
Section 12(d) of NTTAA because application of those requirements would
be inconsistent with the Clean Air Act.
Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental Justice
in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629 (Feb. 16, 1994)) establishes
federal executive policy on environmental justice. Its main provision
directs federal agencies, to the greatest extent practicable and
permitted by law, to make environmental justice part of their mission
by identifying and addressing, as appropriate, disproportionately high
and adverse human health or environmental effects of their programs,
policies, and activities on minority populations and low-income
populations in the United States.
EPA lacks the discretionary authority to address environmental
justice in this proposed action. In reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's
role is to approve or disapprove state choices, based on the criteria
of the Clean Air Act. Accordingly, this action merely proposes to
disapproves certain state requirements for inclusion into the SIP under
Section 110 and subchapter I, part D of the Clean Air Act and will not
in-and-of itself create any new requirements. Accordingly, it does not
provide EPA with the discretionary authority to address, as
appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental effects,
using practicable and legally permissible methods, under Executive
Order 12898.
Statutory Authority
The statutory authority for this action is provided by Sections 110
of the CAA, as amended (42 U.S.C. 7410).
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Intergovernmental
relations, Particulate matter.
Dated: March 10, 2011.
Karl Brooks,
Regional Administrator, Region 7.
[FR Doc. 2011-6418 Filed 3-17-11; 8:45 am]
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