Notice of Intent To Repatriate Cultural Items: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Washington, DC and Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 14045-14047 [2011-5859]
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Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 50 / Tuesday, March 15, 2011 / Notices
Dated: March 9, 2011.
Randy A. Brown,
Designated Federal Officer, Arcata Fish and
Wildlife Office, Arcata, CA.
[FR Doc. 2011–5923 Filed 3–14–11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4310–55–P
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
Notice of Intent To Repatriate a
Cultural Item: Museum of
Anthropology at Washington State
University, Pullman, WA
National Park Service, Interior.
ACTION: Notice.
srobinson on DSKHWCL6B1PROD with NOTICES
AGENCY:
Notice is here given in accordance
with the Native American Graves
Protection and Repatriation Act
(NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3005, of the intent
to repatriate a cultural item in the
possession of the Museum of
Anthropology at Washington State
University, Pullman, WA, that meets the
definition of unassociated funerary
object under 25 U.S.C. 3001.
This notice is published as part of the
National Park Service’s administrative
responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25
U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in
this notice are the sole responsibility of
the museum, institution, or Federal
agency that has control of the cultural
item. The National Park Service is not
responsible for the determinations in
this notice.
In 2005, a copper pendant was given
to the Museum of Anthropology at
Washington State University for
intended repatriation by Whitney and
Mariana Sue Johnson of Charlotte, MI.
Attached to it was a card with a
handwritten label reading ‘‘Copper
pendant from Indian Burial No. 195.
Zimmerman. Snake River 5 mi east of
Riparia Columbia Co. Wash.’’ They
acquired the item through inheritance
from Mr. Johnson’s grandfather, Ralph
Hunter, who they believe purchased the
item while traveling through the area
between the 1920s and 1940s. The
pendant is similar in style to other
pendants often found in protohistoric
period graves (A.D. 1700–1900) on the
southern Plateau.
Zimmerman was a railroad siding that
was located between Riparia and Lyons
ferries, which are less than 10 river
miles apart. The area is within the
overlapping 19th century territories of
the Nez Perce and Palus (Sprague 1998;
Walker 1998). Descendants of these
communities are members of the
Confederated Tribes of the Colville
Reservation, Washington; Confederated
Tribes of the Umatilla Indian
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Reservation, Oregon; Confederated
Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation
of Oregon; Confederated Tribes and
Bands of the Yakama Nation,
Washington; Nez Perce Tribe, Idaho;
and the Wanapum Band, a non-federally
recognized Indian group.
Officials of the Museum of
Anthropology at Washington State
University have determined that,
pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(B), the
one cultural item described above is
reasonably believed to have been placed
with or near individual human remains
at the time of death or later as part of
the death rite or ceremony and is
believed, by a preponderance of the
evidence, to have been removed from a
specific burial site of a Native American
individual. Officials of the Museum of
Anthropology at Washington State
University also have determined that,
pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), there is
a relationship of shared group identity
that can be reasonably traced between
the unassociated funerary object and the
Confederated Tribes of the Colville
Reservation, Washington; Confederated
Tribes of the Umatilla Indian
Reservation, Oregon; Confederated
Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation
of Oregon; Confederated Tribes and
Bands of the Yakama Nation,
Washington; Nez Perce Tribe, Idaho;
and the Wanapum Band, a non-federally
recognized Indian group.
Representatives of any other Indian
tribe that believes itself to be culturally
affiliated with the unassociated funerary
object should contact Mary Collins,
WSU Museum of Anthropology, P.O.
Box 644910, Pullman, WA 99164,
telephone (509) 335–4314, before April
14, 2011. Repatriation of the
unassociated funerary object to the
Confederated Tribes of the Colville
Reservation, Washington; Confederated
Tribes of the Umatilla Indian
Reservation, Oregon; Confederated
Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation
of Oregon; Confederated Tribes and
Bands of the Yakama Nation,
Washington; Nez Perce Tribe, Idaho;
and the Wanapum Band, a non-federally
recognized Indian group, may proceed
after that date if no additional claimants
come forward.
The Museum of Anthropology at
Washington State University is
responsible for notifying the
Confederated Tribes of the Colville
Reservation, Washington; Confederated
Tribes of the Umatilla Indian
Reservation, Oregon; Confederated
Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation
of Oregon; Confederated Tribes and
Bands of the Yakama Nation,
Washington; Nez Perce Tribe, Idaho;
and the Wanapum Band, a non-federally
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14045
recognized Indian group, that this notice
has been published.
Dated: March 9, 2011.
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. 2011–5850 Filed 3–14–11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312–50–P
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
[2253–665]
Notice of Intent To Repatriate Cultural
Items: U.S. Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Indian Affairs, Washington,
DC and Arizona State Museum,
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
National Park Service, Interior.
Notice.
AGENCY:
ACTION:
Notice is here given in accordance
with the Native American Graves
Protection and Repatriation Act
(NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3005, of the intent
to repatriate cultural items in the
control of the U.S. Department of the
Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs,
Washington, DC, and in the physical
custody of the Arizona State Museum,
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, that
meet the definition of unassociated
funerary objects under 25 U.S.C. 3001.
This notice is published as part of the
National Park Service’s administrative
responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25
U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in
this notice are the sole responsibility of
the museum, institution, or Federal
agency that has control of the cultural
items. The National Park Service is not
responsible for the determinations in
this notice.
In 1929, cultural items were removed
from Canyon Creek Ruin, AZ C:2:8(GP)/
AZ V:2:1(ASM), within the boundaries
of the Fort Apache Indian Reservation,
Gila County, AZ, during legally
authorized excavations conducted by
the Gila Pueblo Foundation, under the
direction of Emil Haury. The items were
found in association with human
burials, but the human remains were not
removed from these graves. In 1950, the
Gila Pueblo Foundation closed and the
collections were transferred to the
Arizona State Museum. The 185
unassociated funerary objects are 5
basketry mat fragments, 1 bone awl, 1
bone awl fragment, 3 lots of botanical
material, 30 ceramic bowls, 5 ceramic
bowl fragments, 11 ceramic jars, 1
ceramic jar fragment, 1 ceramic ladle, 1
ceramic pitcher, 77 pieces of flaked
stone, 2 pieces of hematite mineral, 1
quartz crystal, 2 shell beads, 1 shell
E:\FR\FM\15MRN1.SGM
15MRN1
srobinson on DSKHWCL6B1PROD with NOTICES
14046
Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 50 / Tuesday, March 15, 2011 / Notices
disk, 3 shell pendants, 1 stone artifact,
8 stone beads, 23 stone projectile points,
1 stone shaft smoother, 1 textile
fragment, 2 turquoise beads, 2 turquoise
pendants, 1 turquoise tessera, and 1
unidentified object.
Canyon Creek Ruin is a cliff dwelling
site of approximately 140 rooms. Based
on the ceramic and perishable artifact
assemblage, the site is dated to A.D.
1300 to 1400. The ceramic and
architectural forms are consistent with
the archeologically described Upland
Mogollon or prehistoric Western Pueblo
traditions.
A detailed discussion of the basis for
cultural affiliation of archeological sites
in the region where the above site is
located may be found in ‘‘Cultural
Affiliation Assessment of White
Mountain Apache Tribal Lands (Fort
Apache Indian Reservation)’’, by John R.
Welch and T.J. Ferguson (2005). To
summarize, archeologists have used the
terms Upland Mogollon or prehistoric
Western Pueblo to define the
archeological complexes represented by
the site listed above.
Material culture characteristics of
these traditions include a temporal
progression from earlier pit houses to
later masonry pueblos, villages
organized in room blocks of contiguous
dwellings associated with plazas,
rectangular kivas, polished and paintdecorated ceramics, unpainted
corrugated ceramics, inhumation
burials, cradleboard cranial
deformation, grooved stone axes, and
bone artifacts. The combination of the
material culture attributes and a
subsistence pattern, which included
hunting and gathering augmented by
maize agriculture, helps to identify an
earlier group. Archeologists have also
remarked that there are strong
similarities between this earlier group
and present-day tribes included in the
Western Pueblo ethnographic group,
especially the Hopi Tribe of Arizona
and the Zuni Tribe of the Zuni
Reservation, New Mexico. The
similarities in ceramic traditions, burial
practices, architectural forms, and
settlement patterns have led
archeologists to believe that the
prehistoric inhabitants of the Mogollon
Rim region migrated north and west to
the Hopi mesas, and north and east to
the Zuni River Valley. Certain objects
found in Upland Mogollon
archeological sites have been found to
have strong resemblances to ritual
paraphernalia that are used in
continuing religious practices by the
Hopi and Zuni. Some petroglyphs on
the Fort Apache Indian Reservation
have also persuaded archeologists of
continuities between the earlier
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Jkt 223001
identified group and current-day
Western Pueblo people. Biological
information from the site of
Grasshopper Pueblo, which is located in
close proximity to the site listed above,
supports the view that the prehistoric
occupants of the Upland Mogollon
region had migrated from various
locations to the north and west of the
region.
Hopi and Zuni oral traditions parallel
the archeological evidence for
migration. Migration figures
prominently in Hopi oral tradition,
which refers to the ancient sites,
pottery, stone tools, petroglyphs, and
other artifacts left behind by the
ancestors as ‘‘Hopi Footprints.’’ This
migration history is complex and
detailed, and includes traditions
relating specific clans to the Mogollon
region. Hopi cultural advisors have also
identified medicinal and culinary plants
at archeological sites in the region.
Their knowledge about these plants was
passed down to them from the ancestors
who inhabited these ancient sites.
Migration is also an important attribute
of Zuni oral tradition, and includes
accounts of Zuni ancestors passing
through the Upland Mogollon region.
The ancient villages mark the routes of
these migrations. Zuni cultural advisors
remark that the ancient sites were not
abandoned. People returned to these
places from time to time, either to
reoccupy them or for the purpose of
religious pilgrimages—a practice that
has continued to the present-day.
Archeologists have found ceramic
evidence at shrines in the Upland
Mogollon region that confirms these
reports. Zuni cultural advisors have
names for plants endemic to the
Mogollon region that do not grow on the
Zuni Reservation. They also have
knowledge about traditional medicinal
and ceremonial uses for these resources,
which has been passed down to them
from their ancestors. Furthermore, Hopi
and Zuni cultural advisors have
recognized that their ancestors may
have been co-resident at some of the
sites in this region during their ancestral
migrations.
There are differing points of view
regarding the possible presence of
Apache people in the Upland Mogollon
region during the time that these ancient
sites were occupied. Some Apache
traditions describe interactions with
Ancestral Puebloan people during this
time, but according to these stories,
Puebloan people and Apache people
were regarded as having separate
identities. The White Mountain Apache
Tribe of the Fort Apache Reservation,
Arizona, does not claim cultural
affiliation with the human remains and
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associated funerary objects from this
ancestral Upland Mogollon site. As
reported by Welch and Ferguson (2005),
consultations between the White
Mountain Apache Tribe of the Fort
Apache Reservation, Arizona, and the
Navajo Nation, Arizona, New Mexico &
Utah; Pueblo of Acoma, New Mexico;
and Pueblo of Laguna, New Mexico,
have indicated that that none of these
tribes wish to pursue claims of
affiliation with sites on White Mountain
Apache Tribal lands. Finally, the White
Mountain Apache Tribe of the Fort
Apache Reservation, Arizona, supports
the repatriation of human remains and
associated funerary objects from the
ancestral Upland Mogollon site and is
ready to assist the Hopi Tribe of Arizona
and Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation,
New Mexico, in their reburial on tribal
land.
Officials of the Bureau of Indian
Affairs and Arizona State Museum have
determined, pursuant to 25 U.S.C.
3001(3)(B), that the 185 cultural item
described above are reasonably believed
to have been placed with or near
individual human remains at the time of
death or later as part of the death rite
or ceremony and are believed, by a
preponderance of the evidence, to have
been removed from a specific burial site
of a Native American individual.
Officials of the Bureau of Indian Affairs
and Arizona State Museum also have
determined, pursuant to 25 U.S.C.
3001(2), that there is a relationship of
shared group identity that can be
reasonably traced between the
unassociated funerary objects and the
Hopi Tribe of Arizona and Zuni Tribe of
the Zuni Reservation, New Mexico.
Representatives of any other Indian
tribe that believes itself to be culturally
affiliated with the unassociated funerary
objects should contact John McClelland,
NAGPRA Coordinator, Arizona State
Museum, University of Arizona,
Tucson, AZ 85721, telephone (520) 626–
2950, before April 14, 2011.
Repatriation of the unassociated
funerary objects to the Hopi Tribe of
Arizona and Zuni Tribe of the Zuni
Reservation, New Mexico, may proceed
after that date if no additional claimants
come forward.
The Arizona State Museum is
responsible for notifying the Hopi Tribe
of Arizona; White Mountain Apache
Tribe of the Fort Apache Reservation,
Arizona; and Zuni Tribe of the Zuni
Reservation, New Mexico, that this
notice has been published.
E:\FR\FM\15MRN1.SGM
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Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 50 / Tuesday, March 15, 2011 / Notices
Dated: March 9, 2011.
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. 2011–5859 Filed 3–14–11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312–50–P
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
[2253–665]
Notice of Intent To Repatriate Cultural
Items: Peabody Museum of
Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard
University, Cambridge, MA
National Park Service, Interior.
ACTION: Notice.
srobinson on DSKHWCL6B1PROD with NOTICES
AGENCY:
Notice is here given in accordance
with the Native American Graves
Protection and Repatriation Act
(NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3005, of the intent
to repatriate cultural items in the
possession of the Peabody Museum of
Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard
University, Cambridge, MA, that meet
the definition of unassociated funerary
objects under 25 U.S.C. 3001.
This notice is published as part of the
National Park Service’s administrative
responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25
U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in
this notice are the sole responsibility of
the museum, institution, or Federal
agency that has control of the cultural
items. The National Park Service is not
responsible for the determinations in
this notice.
At an unknown date, an iron fish
spear, a string of bird bone ornaments,
and a segment of bird bone were
removed from an Indian grave in
Ontonagon, Ontonagon County, MI, by
an unknown individual. The string of
bird bone ornaments was donated to the
Peabody Museum of Archaeology and
Ethnology by Mary S. Felton and Dr.
Joseph Leidy in 1868. The iron fish
spear and segment of bird bone were
donated to the Peabody Museum of
Archaeology and Ethnology by Mary
Felton in 1868.
At an unknown date, a string of glass
beads and a mirror were removed from
Indian graves in Ontonagon, Ontonagon
County, MI, by an unknown individual.
These items were donated by Mary S.
Felton to the Peabody Museum of
Archaeology and Ethnology in 1868.
At an unknown date, a silver trade
cross was removed from an Indian grave
in Ontonagon, Ontonagon County, MI,
by an unknown individual. Mary S.
Felton donated this item to the Peabody
Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology
in 1869.
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Museum records indicate that these
cultural items were removed from
Indian graves in Ontonagon, Ontonagon
County, MI. The Peabody Museum is
not in possession or control of the
human remains from these interments.
The presence of trade items, such as the
iron fish spear, mirror, glass beads, and
silver trade cross, indicates that these
interments date to the Historic/Contact
period, specifically the late 18th and
19th centuries. Historical
documentation indicates that the
Ontonagon area was occupied by the
Ontonagon Band of Chippewa people
during this time period. The present-day
tribe that represents the Ontonagon
Band of Chippewa is the Keweenaw Bay
Indian Community, Michigan.
Officials of the Peabody Museum of
Archaeology and Ethnology have
determined, pursuant to 25 U.S.C.
3001(3)(B), that the six cultural items
described above are reasonably believed
to have been placed with or near
individual human remains at the time of
death or later as part of the death rite
or ceremony and are believed, by a
preponderance of the evidence, to have
been removed from a specific burial site
of Native American individuals.
Officials of the Peabody Museum of
Archaeology and Ethnology also have
determined, pursuant to 25 U.S.C.
3001(2), that there is a relationship of
shared group identity that can be
reasonably traced between the
unassociated funerary objects and the
Keweenaw Bay Indian Community,
Michigan.
Representatives of any other Indian
tribe that believes itself to be culturally
affiliated with the unassociated funerary
objects should contact Patricia Capone,
Repatriation Coordinator, Peabody
Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology,
Harvard University, 11 Divinity Ave.,
Cambridge, MA 02138, telephone (617)
496–3702, before April 14, 2011.
Repatriation of the unassociated
funerary objects to the Keweenaw Bay
Indian Community, Michigan, may
proceed after that date if no additional
claimants come forward.
The Peabody Museum of Archaeology
and Ethnology is responsible for
notifying the Bad River Band of the Lake
Superior Tribe of Chippewa Indians of
the Bad River Reservation, Wisconsin;
Bois Forte Band (Nett Lake) of the
Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota;
Fond du Lac Band of the Minnesota
Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota; Grand
Portage Band of the Minnesota
Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota; Keweenaw
Bay Indian Community, Michigan; Lac
Courte Oreilles Band of Lake Superior
Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin; Lac
Vieux Desert Band of Lake Superior
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14047
Chippewa Indians, Michigan; Leech
Lake Band of the Minnesota Chippewa
Tribe, Minnesota; Mille Lacs Band of
the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe,
Minnesota; Red Cliff Band of Lake
Superior Chippewa Indians of
Wisconsin; St. Croix Chippewa Indians
of Wisconsin; Sokaogon Chippewa
Community, Wisconsin; and the White
Earth Band of the Minnesota Chippewa
Tribe, Minnesota, that this notice has
been published.
Dated: March 9, 2011.
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. 2011–5870 Filed 3–14–11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312–50–P
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
[2253–665]
Notice of Intent to Repatriate Cultural
Items: California Department of
Transportation (Caltrans), Sacramento,
CA and California State University,
Sacramento, CA
National Park Service, Interior.
Notice.
AGENCY:
ACTION:
Notice is here given in accordance
with the Native American Graves
Protection and Repatriation Act
(NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3005, of the intent
to repatriate cultural items in the
control of the California Department of
Transportation (Caltrans), Sacramento,
CA, and in the possession of the
California State University, Sacramento,
CA, that meet the definition of
unassociated funerary objects under 25
U.S.C. 3001.
This notice is published as part of the
National Park Service’s administrative
responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25
U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in
this notice are the sole responsibility of
the museum, institution, or Federal
agency that has control of the cultural
items. The National Park Service is not
responsible for the determinations in
this notice.
In 1970, unassociated funerary objects
were removed from CA–SJO–91 on
private property, in San Joaquin County,
CA, during a salvage excavation project.
Faculty and students from what was
then Sacramento State College (now
California State University, Sacramento)
were brought in by the California
Division of Highways (now California
Department of Transportation
[Caltrans]) to conduct salvage
excavations. The location of the
associated human remains is unknown,
E:\FR\FM\15MRN1.SGM
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]]>Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 76, Number 50 (Tuesday, March 15, 2011)]
[Notices]
[Pages 14045-14047]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2011-5859]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
[2253-665]
Notice of Intent To Repatriate Cultural Items: U.S. Department of
the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Washington, DC and Arizona
State Museum, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior.
ACTION: Notice.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Notice is here given in accordance with the Native American Graves
Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3005, of the intent
to repatriate cultural items in the control of the U.S. Department of
the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Washington, DC, and in the
physical custody of the Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona,
Tucson, AZ, that meet the definition of unassociated funerary objects
under 25 U.S.C. 3001.
This notice is published as part of the National Park Service's
administrative responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The
determinations in this notice are the sole responsibility of the
museum, institution, or Federal agency that has control of the cultural
items. The National Park Service is not responsible for the
determinations in this notice.
In 1929, cultural items were removed from Canyon Creek Ruin, AZ
C:2:8(GP)/AZ V:2:1(ASM), within the boundaries of the Fort Apache
Indian Reservation, Gila County, AZ, during legally authorized
excavations conducted by the Gila Pueblo Foundation, under the
direction of Emil Haury. The items were found in association with human
burials, but the human remains were not removed from these graves. In
1950, the Gila Pueblo Foundation closed and the collections were
transferred to the Arizona State Museum. The 185 unassociated funerary
objects are 5 basketry mat fragments, 1 bone awl, 1 bone awl fragment,
3 lots of botanical material, 30 ceramic bowls, 5 ceramic bowl
fragments, 11 ceramic jars, 1 ceramic jar fragment, 1 ceramic ladle, 1
ceramic pitcher, 77 pieces of flaked stone, 2 pieces of hematite
mineral, 1 quartz crystal, 2 shell beads, 1 shell
[[Page 14046]]
disk, 3 shell pendants, 1 stone artifact, 8 stone beads, 23 stone
projectile points, 1 stone shaft smoother, 1 textile fragment, 2
turquoise beads, 2 turquoise pendants, 1 turquoise tessera, and 1
unidentified object.
Canyon Creek Ruin is a cliff dwelling site of approximately 140
rooms. Based on the ceramic and perishable artifact assemblage, the
site is dated to A.D. 1300 to 1400. The ceramic and architectural forms
are consistent with the archeologically described Upland Mogollon or
prehistoric Western Pueblo traditions.
A detailed discussion of the basis for cultural affiliation of
archeological sites in the region where the above site is located may
be found in ``Cultural Affiliation Assessment of White Mountain Apache
Tribal Lands (Fort Apache Indian Reservation)'', by John R. Welch and
T.J. Ferguson (2005). To summarize, archeologists have used the terms
Upland Mogollon or prehistoric Western Pueblo to define the
archeological complexes represented by the site listed above.
Material culture characteristics of these traditions include a
temporal progression from earlier pit houses to later masonry pueblos,
villages organized in room blocks of contiguous dwellings associated
with plazas, rectangular kivas, polished and paint-decorated ceramics,
unpainted corrugated ceramics, inhumation burials, cradleboard cranial
deformation, grooved stone axes, and bone artifacts. The combination of
the material culture attributes and a subsistence pattern, which
included hunting and gathering augmented by maize agriculture, helps to
identify an earlier group. Archeologists have also remarked that there
are strong similarities between this earlier group and present-day
tribes included in the Western Pueblo ethnographic group, especially
the Hopi Tribe of Arizona and the Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation,
New Mexico. The similarities in ceramic traditions, burial practices,
architectural forms, and settlement patterns have led archeologists to
believe that the prehistoric inhabitants of the Mogollon Rim region
migrated north and west to the Hopi mesas, and north and east to the
Zuni River Valley. Certain objects found in Upland Mogollon
archeological sites have been found to have strong resemblances to
ritual paraphernalia that are used in continuing religious practices by
the Hopi and Zuni. Some petroglyphs on the Fort Apache Indian
Reservation have also persuaded archeologists of continuities between
the earlier identified group and current-day Western Pueblo people.
Biological information from the site of Grasshopper Pueblo, which is
located in close proximity to the site listed above, supports the view
that the prehistoric occupants of the Upland Mogollon region had
migrated from various locations to the north and west of the region.
Hopi and Zuni oral traditions parallel the archeological evidence
for migration. Migration figures prominently in Hopi oral tradition,
which refers to the ancient sites, pottery, stone tools, petroglyphs,
and other artifacts left behind by the ancestors as ``Hopi
Footprints.'' This migration history is complex and detailed, and
includes traditions relating specific clans to the Mogollon region.
Hopi cultural advisors have also identified medicinal and culinary
plants at archeological sites in the region. Their knowledge about
these plants was passed down to them from the ancestors who inhabited
these ancient sites. Migration is also an important attribute of Zuni
oral tradition, and includes accounts of Zuni ancestors passing through
the Upland Mogollon region. The ancient villages mark the routes of
these migrations. Zuni cultural advisors remark that the ancient sites
were not abandoned. People returned to these places from time to time,
either to reoccupy them or for the purpose of religious pilgrimages--a
practice that has continued to the present-day. Archeologists have
found ceramic evidence at shrines in the Upland Mogollon region that
confirms these reports. Zuni cultural advisors have names for plants
endemic to the Mogollon region that do not grow on the Zuni
Reservation. They also have knowledge about traditional medicinal and
ceremonial uses for these resources, which has been passed down to them
from their ancestors. Furthermore, Hopi and Zuni cultural advisors have
recognized that their ancestors may have been co-resident at some of
the sites in this region during their ancestral migrations.
There are differing points of view regarding the possible presence
of Apache people in the Upland Mogollon region during the time that
these ancient sites were occupied. Some Apache traditions describe
interactions with Ancestral Puebloan people during this time, but
according to these stories, Puebloan people and Apache people were
regarded as having separate identities. The White Mountain Apache Tribe
of the Fort Apache Reservation, Arizona, does not claim cultural
affiliation with the human remains and associated funerary objects from
this ancestral Upland Mogollon site. As reported by Welch and Ferguson
(2005), consultations between the White Mountain Apache Tribe of the
Fort Apache Reservation, Arizona, and the Navajo Nation, Arizona, New
Mexico & Utah; Pueblo of Acoma, New Mexico; and Pueblo of Laguna, New
Mexico, have indicated that that none of these tribes wish to pursue
claims of affiliation with sites on White Mountain Apache Tribal lands.
Finally, the White Mountain Apache Tribe of the Fort Apache
Reservation, Arizona, supports the repatriation of human remains and
associated funerary objects from the ancestral Upland Mogollon site and
is ready to assist the Hopi Tribe of Arizona and Zuni Tribe of the Zuni
Reservation, New Mexico, in their reburial on tribal land.
Officials of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and Arizona State Museum
have determined, pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(B), that the 185
cultural item described above are reasonably believed to have been
placed with or near individual human remains at the time of death or
later as part of the death rite or ceremony and are believed, by a
preponderance of the evidence, to have been removed from a specific
burial site of a Native American individual. Officials of the Bureau of
Indian Affairs and Arizona State Museum also have determined, pursuant
to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), that there is a relationship of shared group
identity that can be reasonably traced between the unassociated
funerary objects and the Hopi Tribe of Arizona and Zuni Tribe of the
Zuni Reservation, New Mexico.
Representatives of any other Indian tribe that believes itself to
be culturally affiliated with the unassociated funerary objects should
contact John McClelland, NAGPRA Coordinator, Arizona State Museum,
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, telephone (520) 626-2950,
before April 14, 2011. Repatriation of the unassociated funerary
objects to the Hopi Tribe of Arizona and Zuni Tribe of the Zuni
Reservation, New Mexico, may proceed after that date if no additional
claimants come forward.
The Arizona State Museum is responsible for notifying the Hopi
Tribe of Arizona; White Mountain Apache Tribe of the Fort Apache
Reservation, Arizona; and Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation, New
Mexico, that this notice has been published.
[[Page 14047]]
Dated: March 9, 2011.
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. 2011-5859 Filed 3-14-11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312-50-P
