National Oil and Hazardous Substance Pollution Contingency Plan; National Priorities List: Deletion of the Peter Cooper Corporation (Markhams) Superfund Site, 47482-47487 [2010-19417]
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47482
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 151 / Friday, August 6, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
39324 (July 18, 2007)). That principle
applies to the mepiquat objection
because, as explained below, even if
EPA retains the 10X children’s safety it
would not change EPA’s safety
determination. Thus, NRDC’s objection
to the removal of the children’s safety
factor, even if upheld, would not
support the relief it requested - ‘‘that
EPA refrain from establishing the new
tolerances for . . .mepiquat . . . until the
pesticide tolerances have been assessed
and determined to be safe[,] consistent
with the requirements of the FQPA.’’
(Ref. 6 at 22).
An EPA decision to retain the 10X
children’s safety factor has the effect of
decreasing the ‘‘safe dose’’ or RfD/PAD
by a factor of 10. Thus, if prior to
application of the 10X children’s safety
factor, the level of exposure from a
particular pesticide constituted 5
percent of the RfD/PAD, after
application of the safety factor the level
of exposure to the pesticide would rise
by a factor of 10 to 50 percent of the
RfD/PAD. Similarly, a pesticide which
had an exposure level at 50 percent of
the RfD/PAD before applying the 10X
children’s safety factor, would have an
exposure level of 500 percent of the
RfD/PAD after application of the factor.
Only in the latter case, would retention
of the children’s safety factor raise a
safety concern. Thus, for pesticides with
sufficiently low risks, the decision on
retention or removal of the children’s
safety factor is not outcomedeterminative as to EPA’s safety finding.
(71 FR 43906, 43916-43917 (August 2,
2006)).
Mepiquat is one of those low risk
pesticides. As EPA noted in the
challenged tolerance document, acute
exposure to mepiquat from residues in
food equaled 1.5 percent of the acute
RfD/PAD and acute exposure to
mepiquat in water was an infinitesimal.
(67 FR at 3115; 65 FR 1790, 1793
(January 12, 2000) (acute exposure to
mepiquat in drinking water is 0.031
percent of the allowable amount – i.e.
the acute DWLOC was 6,000 ppb and
estimated acute exposure level was 1.9
ppb); see Unit III.B.1.d. (explaining how
allowable amounts of pesticide residues
in drinking water were calculated)).
Similarly, chronic exposure to mepiquat
from residues in food equaled 0.3
percent of the chronic RfD/PAD and
chronic exposure to mepiquat in water
was also infinitesimal. (67 FR at 3115;
65 FR at 1794 (chronic exposure to
mepiquat in drinking water is 0.018
percent of the allowable amount — i.e.
the chronic DWLOC was 6,000 ppb and
the estimated chronic exposure level
was 1.1 ppb)). Retention of the 10X
children’s safety would raise the
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percentage exposure to approximately
15 percent of the acute RfD/PAD and 3
percent of the chronic RfD/PAD.
Because these exposure levels would
still be well below the applicable RfD/
PADs, they would not change EPA’s
determination that the petitioned-for
mepiquat tolerances are safe.
Accordingly, because NRDC’s objection
to removal of the children’s safety factor
does not justify its request for EPA to
refrain from establishing the mepiquat
tolerances, it is denied.
VIII. Regulatory Assessment
Requirements
As indicated previously, this action
announces the Agency’s final order
regarding objections filed under section
408 of FFDCA. The FFDCA specifically
directs that objections be resolved by
‘‘order,’’ and thus this action is an
adjudication and not a rule. (21 U.S.C.
346a(g)(2)(C)). The regulatory
assessment requirements imposed on
rulemaking do not, therefore, apply to
this action.
IX. Submission to Congress and the
Comptroller General
The Congressional Review Act, (5
U.S.C. 801 et seq.), as added by the
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement
Fairness Act of 1996, does not apply
because this action is not a rule for
purposes of 5 U.S.C. 804(3).
X. References
1. USEPA, A User’s Guide to
Available EPA Information on Assessing
Exposure to Pesticides in Food (June 21,
2000).
2. Office of Pesticide Programs,
USEPA, Office of Pesticide Programs’
Policy on the Determination of the
Appropriate FQPA Safety Factor(s) For
Use in the Tolerance Setting Process
(February 28, 2002).
3. Office of Pesticide Programs,
USEPA, Standard Operating Procedures
(SOPs) for Residential Exposure
Assessments (Draft December 19, 1997).
4. Office of Pesticide Programs,
USEPA, ‘‘Estimating the Drinking Water
Component of a Dietary Exposure
Assessment’’ (November 2, 1999).
5. Office of Prevention, Pesticides and
Toxic Substances, USEPA,
Memorandum from Brenda Tarplee to
Margarita Collantes, ‘‘Mepiquat
Choloride – Report of the FQPA Safety
Factor Committee’’ (November 1, 1999).
6. NRDC, Objections to the
Establishment of Tolerances for
Pesticide Chemical Residues:
Imidacloprid, Mepiquat, Bifenazate,
Zeta-cypermethrin, and Diflubenzuron
Tolerances (filed March 19, 2002).
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7. NRDC, Objections to the
Establishment of Tolerances for
Pesticide Chemical Residues:
Isoxadifen-ethyl, Acetamiprid,
Propiconazole, Furilazole, Fenhexamid,
and Fluazinam Tolerances (filed May
20, 2002).
8. Petitioners’ Brief, NCAP v. EPA,
Case Nos. 75255, 76807 (9th Cir. March
6, 2006).
9. Letter from Kent E. Hanson, U.S.
Department of Justice to Cathy
Catterson, Clerk of the Court, United
States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit,
Notice of Supplemental Authority in
Northwest Coalition for Alternatives to
Pesticides v. EPA, Nos. 05-75255 & 0576807 (May 25, 2007).
10. Letter from Aaron Colangelo, U.S.
Department of Justice to Cathy
Catterson, Clerk of the Court, United
States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit,
Response to EPA’s Notice of
Supplemental Authority in Northwest
Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides
v. EPA, Nos. 05-75255 & 05-76807 (May
29, 2007).
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 180
Environmental protection,
Administrative practice and procedure,
Agricultural commodities, Pesticides
and pests, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.
Dated: July 27, 2010.
Steven Bradbury,
Director, Office of Pesticide Programs.
[FR Doc. 2010–19431 Filed 8–5–10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–S
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 300
[EPA–HQ–SFUND–2000–0006; FRL–9185–4]
National Oil and Hazardous Substance
Pollution Contingency Plan; National
Priorities List: Deletion of the Peter
Cooper Corporation (Markhams)
Superfund Site
Environmental Protection
Agency.
ACTION: Direct final rule.
AGENCY:
The Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA), Region 2 is publishing a
direct final notice of deletion of the
Peter Cooper Corporation (Markhams)
Superfund Site (Markhams Site) located
in the Town of Dayton, Cattaraugus
County, New York from the National
Priorities List (NPL).
The NPL, promulgated pursuant to
section 105 of the Comprehensive
Environmental Response,
SUMMARY:
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Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 151 / Friday, August 6, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
Compensation, and Liability Act
(CERCLA) of 1980, as amended, is an
appendix of the National Oil and
Hazardous Substances Pollution
Contingency Plan (NCP). This direct
final deletion is being published by EPA
with the concurrence of the State of
New York, through the Department of
Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC),
because EPA has determined that all
appropriate response actions under
CERCLA, other than operation,
maintenance, and five-year reviews,
have been completed. However, this
deletion does not preclude future
actions under Superfund.
DATES: This direct final rule will be
effective September 20, 2010 unless
EPA receives adverse comments by
September 7, 2010. If adverse comments
are received, EPA will publish a timely
withdrawal of the direct final deletion
in the Federal Register informing the
public that the deletion will not take
effect.
Submit your comments,
identified by Docket ID no. EPA–HQ–
SFUND–2000–0006, by one of the
following methods:
• https://www.regulations.gov. Follow
on-line instructions for submitting
comments.
• E-mail: henry.sherrel@epa.gov.
• Fax: 212–637–3966.
• Mail: Sherrel Henry, Remedial
Project Manager, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Region 2, 290
Broadway, 20th Floor, New York, New
York 10007–1866
• Hand delivery: Superfund Records
Center, 290 Broadway, 18th Floor, New
York, NY 10007–1866 (telephone: 212–
637–4308). Such deliveries are only
accepted during the Docket’s normal
hours of operation (Monday to Friday
from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.) and special
arrangements should be made for
deliveries of boxed information.
Instructions: Direct your comments to
Docket ID no. EPA–HQ–SFUND–2000–
0006. EPA’s policy is that all comments
received will be included in the public
docket without change and may be
made available online at https://
www.regulations.gov, including any
personal information provided, unless
the comment includes information
claimed to be Confidential Business
Information (CBI) or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute.
Do not submit information that you
consider to be CBI or otherwise
protected through https://
www.regulations.gov or e-mail. The
https://www.regulations.gov Web site is
an ‘‘anonymous access’’ system, which
means EPA will not know your identity
or contact information unless you
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ADDRESSES:
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provide it in the body of your comment.
If you send an e-mail comment directly
to EPA without going through https://
www.regulations.gov, your e-mail
address will be automatically captured
and included as part of the comment
that is placed in the public docket and
made available on the Internet. If you
submit an electronic comment, EPA
recommends that you include your
name and other contact information in
the body of your comment and with any
disk or CD–ROM you submit. If EPA
cannot read your comment due to
technical difficulties and cannot contact
you for clarification, EPA may not be
able to consider your comment.
Electronic files should avoid the use of
special characters, any form of
encryption, and be free of any defects or
viruses.
Docket
All documents in the docket are listed
in the https://www.regulations.gov index.
Although listed in the index, some
information is not publicly available,
e.g., CBI or other information whose
disclosure is restricted by statute.
Certain other material, such as
copyrighted material, will be publicly
available only in the hard copy. Publicly
available docket materials are available
either electronically in https://
www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Region 2, Superfund Records Center,
290 Broadway, Room 1828, New
York, New York 10007–1866. (212)
637–4308.
Hours: Monday through Friday: 9 a.m.
through 5 p.m.
or
Town of Dayton, Town Building, 9100
Route 62, South Dayton, New York
14138. (716) 532–9449.
Hours: Monday through Friday: 9 a.m.
through 5 p.m.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms.
Sherrel D. Henry, Remedial Project
Manager, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Region 2, 290 Broadway, 20th
Floor, NY, NY 10007–1866, (212) 637–
4273, e-mail: henry.sherrel@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Table of Contents
I. Introduction
II. NPL Deletion Criteria
III. Deletion Procedures
IV. Basis for Site Deletion
V. Deletion Action
I. Introduction
EPA Region 2 is publishing this direct
final Notice of Deletion of the Peter
Cooper Corporation (Markhams)
Superfund Site (Markhams Site) from
the NPL. The NPL constitutes Appendix
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47483
B of 40 CFR part 300, which is the
National Oil and Hazardous Substances
Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP),
which EPA promulgated pursuant to
section 105 of the Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation
and Liability Act (CERCLA) of 1980, as
amended. EPA maintains the NPL as the
list of sites that appear to present a
significant risk to public health, welfare
or the environment. Sites on the NPL
may be the subject of remedial actions
financed by the Hazardous Substance
Superfund (Fund). As described in
300.425(e) (3) of the NCP, sites deleted
from the NPL remain eligible for Fundfinanced remedial actions if future
conditions warrant such actions.
Because EPA considers this action to
be noncontroversial and routine, this
action will be effective September 20,
2010 unless EPA receives adverse
comments by September 7, 2010. Along
with this direct final Notice of Deletion,
EPA is co-publishing a Notice of Intent
to Delete in the ‘‘Proposed Rules’’
section of the Federal Register. If
adverse comments are received within
the 30-day public comment period on
this deletion action, EPA will publish a
timely withdrawal of this direct final
Notice of Deletion before the effective
date of the deletion, and the deletion
will not take effect. EPA will, as
appropriate, prepare a response to
comments and continue with the
deletion process on the basis of the
Notice of Intent to Delete and the
comments already received. There will
be no additional opportunity to
comment.
Section II of this document explains
the criteria for deleting sites from the
NPL. Section III discusses procedures
that EPA is using for this action. Section
IV discusses the Markhams Site and
demonstrates how it meets the deletion
criteria. Section V discusses EPA’s
action to delete the Site from the NPL
unless adverse comments are received
during the public comment period.
II. NPL Deletion Criteria
The NCP establishes the criteria that
EPA uses to delete sites from the NPL.
In accordance with 40 CFR 300.425(e),
sites may be deleted from the NPL
where no further response is
appropriate. In making such a
determination pursuant to 40 CFR
300.425(e), EPA will consider, in
consultation with the State, whether any
of the following criteria have been met:
i. Responsible parties or other persons
have implemented all appropriate
response actions required;
ii. All appropriate Fund-financed
response under CERCLA has been
implemented, and no further response
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action by responsible parties is
appropriate; or
iii. The remedial investigation has
shown that the release poses no
significant threat to public health or the
environment and, therefore, the taking
of remedial measures is not appropriate.
Pursuant to CERCLA section 121(c)
and the NCP, EPA conducts five-year
reviews to ensure the continued
protectiveness of remedial actions
where hazardous substances, pollutants,
or contaminants remain at a site above
levels that allow for unlimited use and
unrestricted exposure. EPA conducts
such five-year reviews even if a site is
deleted from the NPL. EPA may initiate
further action to ensure continued
protectiveness at a deleted site if new
information becomes available that
indicates it is appropriate. Whenever
there is a significant release from a site
deleted from the NPL, the deleted site
may be restored to the NPL without
application of the hazard ranking
system.
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III. Deletion Procedures
The following procedures apply to
deletion of the Site:
(1) EPA consulted with the State of
New York prior to developing this direct
final Notice of Deletion and the Notice
of Intent to Delete co-published today in
the ‘‘Proposed Rules’’ section of the
Federal Register.
(2) EPA has provided New York State
30 working days for review of this
notice and the parallel Notice of Intent
to Delete prior to their publication
today, and the State, through the
NYSDEC, has concurred on the deletion
of the Site from the NPL.
(3) Concurrently with the publication
of this direct final Notice of Deletion, a
notice of the availability of the parallel
Notice of Intent to Delete is being
published in a major local newspaper,
Dunkirk Observer. The newspaper
notice announces the 30-day public
comment period concerning the Notice
of Intent to Delete the Site from the
NPL.
(4) The EPA placed copies of
documents supporting the proposed
deletion in the deletion docket and
made these items available for public
inspection and copying at the Site
information repositories identified
above.
(5) If adverse comments are received
within the 30-day public comment
period on this deletion action, EPA will
publish a timely notice of withdrawal of
this direct final Notice of Deletion
before its effective date and will prepare
a response to comments and continue
with the deletion process on the basis of
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the Notice of Intent to Delete and the
comments already received.
Deletion of a site from the NPL does
not itself create, alter, or revoke any
individual’s rights or obligations.
Deletion of a site from the NPL does not
in any way alter EPA’s right to take
enforcement actions, as appropriate.
The NPL is designed primarily for
informational purposes and to assist
EPA management. Section 300.425(e)(3)
of the NCP states that the deletion of a
site from the NPL does not preclude
eligibility for future response actions,
should future conditions warrant such
actions.
IV. Basis for Site Deletion
The following information provides
EPA’s rationale for deleting the Site
from the NPL:
Site Background and History
The Markhams Site, EPA ID No.
NYD980592547, is located off Bentley
Road, in the Town of Dayton,
Cattaraugus County, New York. The Site
is approximately 103 acres in size and
is bordered to the northwest by Bentley
Road; to the northeast by a wooded
property and farm field; to the southeast
by a railroad right-of-way; and to the
southwest by hardwood forest. Site
access is restricted by a locked cable
gate at the Bentley Road entrance.
Surrounding property is rural,
consisting of small farm fields, open
meadow and forests.
The Site was used for the disposal of
wastes remaining after the
manufacturing process from the Peter
Cooper Corporation (PCC), a former
animal glue and adhesives plant located
in Gowanda, New York. Materials
disposed at the Site were reported to
consist of ‘‘cookhouse sludge,’’ residue
pile material and vacuum filter sludge.
Cookhouse sludge was so named
because of a cooking cycle that occurred
just prior to extraction of the glue. It was
derived primarily from chrome-tanned
hides obtained from tanneries and
leather finishers. Residue pile material
is described as air-dried cookhouse
sludge, which was stabilized to a dry,
granular form. Vacuum filter sludge
reportedly was produced during
dewatering of cookhouse sludge. The
waste material has been shown to
contain elevated levels of chromium,
arsenic, zinc, and several organic
compounds.
PCC purchased the Site in 1955 and
sold the Site, among other assets
including its corporate name, in 1976 to
a foreign company, Rousselot Gelatin
Corporation, and its parent, Rousselot,
S.A. of Paris, France. Rousellot Gelatin
subsequently changed its name to the
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Peter Cooper Corporation. From
approximately 1955 until September
1971, it was reported that approximately
9,600 tons of waste material from the
Gowanda plant were placed at the Site
over an approximately 15-acre area.
In addition, PCC transferred
approximately 38,600 additional tons of
waste materials from the Gowanda plant
to the Site pursuant to a New York State
Supreme Court Order (8th J.D.
Cattaraugus County) dated June 1971.
PCC arranged the material into several
waste piles approximately 20 feet high
and covering a total of approximately
seven acres, mostly in the original
disposal area.
The NYSDEC completed preliminary
site investigations in 1983 and 1985 and
identified the presence of arsenic,
chromium and zinc in soil samples.
At that time, the Site did not meet the
New York State statutory definition for
an inactive hazardous waste disposal
site and NYSDEC could not use State
funds to implement a remedial program.
Consequently, the NYSDEC removed the
Site from its Registry of Inactive
Hazardous Waste Disposal Sites and
transferred the Site to EPA for further
evaluation.
In 1993, EPA conducted a Site
Sampling Inspection, which included
the collection and analysis of soil and
surface water samples from the Site.
Chromium and arsenic were detected in
soils above background concentrations
within the waste piles. In 1999, EPA
determined a Hazard Ranking System
score for the Site so that it could be
evaluated for potential listing on the
National Priorities List (NPL). The Site
was proposed to the NPL on April 23,
1999 (64 FR 19968) and subsequently
added on February 4, 2000 (65 FR 5435).
Remedial Investigation and Feasibility
Study (RI/FS)
On September 29, 2000, EPA issued a
Unilateral Administrative Order (UAO)
to several potentially responsible parties
(PRPs) to perform the RI/FS for the Site,
subject to EPA oversight. The RI
characterized the physical properties of
the soil fill piles, soils around the
perimeter of the fill piles (perimeter
surface soils), native subsurface soils,
wetland sediments, groundwater, and
soil gas.
The PRPs, through their consultants,
Benchmark Environmental Engineering
and Science PLLC (Benchmark) and
Geomatrix Consultants, performed the
Remedial Investigation (RI) from
November 2000 to December 2003 and
the final RI report was submitted to EPA
in February 2005. The chemicals of
concern (COCs) in site media included:
arsenic, total chromium and hexavalent
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chromium (metal COCs). The results of
the RI suggest that low concentrations of
metal COCs can leach from the waste
fill. However, the data from native soil
samples (non-waste fill) collected below
the waste fill indicate that metals have
not migrated substantially in native soil.
Arsenic and total chromium
concentration detected in the surface
soil samples from the cover of the fill
piles were above soil criteria. Soil
testing below the fill piles identified
decreasing concentrations of metal
COCs with depth. Metal COCs were
reported to exceed the NYS
Groundwater Quality Standards and
Guidance Values (GWQS/GVs) in one
groundwater monitoring well MW–2S
for arsenic, chromium, zinc and
benzene (with benzene only slightly
above the GWQS/GVs). In the RI report,
difficulties in obtaining representative
samples from monitoring well MW–2S
were identified. Suggested possible
explanations for these difficulties were
the age of the well and construction
materials. The report concluded that the
groundwater analytical results collected
from well MW–2S during the first and
second sampling events might not be
representative of Site groundwater. To
address the limitations of the sampling
from monitoring well MW–2S, the ROD
required that any groundwater
monitoring program at the Site include
replacing well MW–2S and conducting
analytical sampling for metals.
Monitoring well MW–2S was
decommissioned by the PRPs contractor
in September 2008. MW–2S was found
to be constructed of steel casing and
screen, and was found to be visibly
rusted/rotted on removal. MW–2S was
replaced with a new PVC replacement
well (MW–2SR). Site data indicate that
transport of metal COCs and organic
compounds is not considered significant
at the Site.
The RI concluded that all
groundwater from the Site ultimately
discharges to Wetland F before reaching
the southwestern property boundary
located more that 500 feet across the
wetland. Site-related chemicals in the
overburden groundwater are transported
beneath the Site to the southwest in the
direction of Wetland F. Water quality
data indicate subsurface conditions are
not conducive to transport of metal
COCs. Although chromium was widely
detected in soils across the Site,
chromium concentrations were not
elevated in groundwater (except in
monitoring well MW–2S). Hexavalent
chromium was detected at a low
concentration in one of 18 samples
analyzed: the detection was not
confirmed in the second sampling
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event. The lack of hexavalent chromium
in groundwater suggests conditions are
not suitable for the oxidation of
chromium (Cr∂3) to hexavalent
chromium (Cr∂6). The slightly alkaline
subsurface soil conditions and relatively
low concentrations of manganese inhibit
reactions that can produce hexavalent
chromium. These results are indicative
that the area of groundwater
contamination is limited to a relatively
small area, under the waste piles.
Based on the results of the RI report
a risk assessment was performed for the
Site. The risk assessment determined
that if infiltration of rainwater through
the waste/fill material is not curtailed,
then the quality of Site groundwater
would continue to degrade, resulting in
a potential future risk from groundwater
ingestion.
A Feasibility Study (FS) was then
completed by the PRPs and submitted to
EPA in August 2006. The FS Report
identified and evaluated effective
remedial alternatives for the Site,
consistent with the guidelines presented
in ‘‘Guidance for Conducting Remedial
Investigations and Feasibility Studies
under CERCLA.’’ The FS evaluated five
alternatives, including no action,
institutional controls, two containment
alternatives and an excavation/off-site
disposal remedies. The remedial
alternatives were developed to satisfy
the Remedial Action Objectives (RAO)
for the Site:
• Minimize or eliminate contaminant
migration from contaminated soils to
the groundwater.
• Prevent direct contact with waste
fill materials.
• Mitigate erosion and migration of
waste material from the exposed
surface.
Selected Remedy
Based upon the results of the RI/FS,
a Proposed Plan, and a Public Meeting,
a Record of Decision (ROD) was signed
in December 2006. The major
components of the selected remedy
included consolidation of various
waste/fill piles into a single waste/fill
area, followed by capping with a lowpermeability soil cover. Specifically, the
ROD called for:
• Consolidating the waste/fill piles
into seven acres or less, followed by
capping the consolidated wastes with a
low permeability soil cover, consistent
with the requirements of 6 NYCRR Part
360, including seeding with a seed
mixture to foster natural habitat, and
replacement of waste piles moved
during consolidation with native soil.
• Imposing institutional controls in
the form of an environmental easement/
restrictive covenant filed in the property
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47485
records of Cattaraugus County that will
at a minimum require: (a) Restricting
activities on the Site that could
compromise the integrity of the cap; and
(b) restricting the use of groundwater as
a source of potable or process water
unless groundwater quality standards
are met.
• Developing a site management plan
that provides for the proper
management of all remedy components
post-construction, such as institutional
controls, and also includes: (a)
Monitoring of groundwater to ensure
that, following the soil consolidation
and capping, the contamination is
attenuating and groundwater quality
continues to improve; (b) an inventory
of any site use restrictions; (c) necessary
provisions for ensuring the easement/
covenant remains in place and is
effective; (d) provision for any operation
and maintenance required of the
components of the remedy; and (e) the
owner/operator or entity responsible for
maintenance of the Site to complete and
submit periodic certifications
concerning the status of the institutional
and engineering controls for the Site.
• Evaluating site conditions at least
once every five years to ensure that the
remedy continues to protect public
health and the environment.
Response Actions
In 2008, EPA concluded Consent
Decree negotiations with the PRPs
related to the performance of the design
and implementation of the remedy
called for in the ROD. On February 19,
2008, the Consent Decree was entered in
United States District Court (approved
by the Judge). On March 12, 2008
Benchmark Environmental Engineering
and Science PLLC (Benchmark) was
approved as the supervising contractor
to conduct the remedial design and
construction work at the Site.
The PRPs prepared a Remedial Design
(RD) Report which was approved by
EPA on July 3, 2008. The RD report
outlined the following remedial
construction measures: mobilization,
site preparation, waste/fill consolidation
and grading, and cover system (barrier
layer material placement and
compaction, topsoil and seeding, and
passive gas venting).
Zoladz Construction Company, Inc.
was approved as the subcontractor for
the Remedial Action (RA) and
mobilized to the site on July 30, 2008.
Site preparation work included clearing,
grubbing and access improvements
required for consolidation and covering
work. Vegetation was stripped from the
surface of the waste fill where cover
soils were placed.
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Waste/fill consolidation involved
relocation of the various waste/fill piles
located at various areas across the center
of the site into a single area. Regraded
and consolidated waste/fill were placed
in maximum 12-inch lifts and
compacted with rollers to 90% modified
density.
A total of approximately 40,000 cubic
yards of waste/fill were consolidated
and compacted. The waste fill
consolidated area has a footprint of
approximately four acres, with an
average peak elevation (including cover
soil) of 14 feet above surrounding grade.
Landfill Cap Construction
The final landfill cap meets the
grading requirements of 6 NYCCR Part
360–2.13(q)2(ii) which requires that the
barrier component of the cap have a
slope of no less than 4 percent to
promote positive drainage and no more
than 33 percent to minimize erosion.
Cover System
The final cover system was
constructed to function with minimum
maintenance, promote drainage, and
minimize erosion. The cover system was
designed with an 18-inch thick
recompacted low permeability (less than
1 × 10¥6 cm/sec) soil barrier layer and
6 inches of topsoil.
Barrier Layer
Barrier soil was placed and
compacted to provide a thickness of 18
inches across the final waste surface.
Barrier layer soil was compacted with
rollers. Smooth drum rollers were used
for temporary sealing of the lifts and for
the stockpiled soils.
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Topsoil, Seeding and Tree Planting
Following the final grading and
compaction of the barrier layer, topsoil
was placed to a depth of six inches
(after placement and rolling). Topsoil
was placed and graded to a smooth,
even surface and was rolled and raked
to remove ridges and fill in depressions,
ruts and low spots. A conservation seed
mixture was used to foster a natural
habitat and minimize maintenance
requirements. Fifty trees, including 25
hardwood trees, 13 poplars and 12 birch
trees were replanted at various locations
across the Site to provide shelter for the
wildlife and stimulate repopulation of
the wooded areas outside of the
consolidated area.
Cleanup Goals
Results of subsurface soil data
indicated that metal COCs have not
migrated into native soils beneath the
waste fill piles. The consolidated waste
piles were removed and underlying
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native soils were scraped and
consolidated into one central area. As a
result, contaminated-specific soil
cleanup values for the Site were not
developed. Groundwater is being
monitored through post-remedial
groundwater and surface water
sampling. The primary objectives of the
remedy are to reduce or eliminate any
direct contact threat associated with the
contaminated soils/fill and minimize or
eliminate contaminant migration from
contaminated soils to the groundwater.
Operation and Maintenance
The primary components at the Site to
be monitored and maintained include
groundwater and surface water quality,
the waste/fill consolidation area cover
system (the Cap), and gas vents. These
goals are being met through the
Operation, Maintenance and Monitoring
(OM&M) Plan that describes personnel
requirements, responsibilities, duties,
and specifics post-construction
sampling, analysis, and monitoring to be
conducted to monitor the effectiveness
of the remedy.
The OM&M plan requires
groundwater and surface water
sampling to be conducted on a
semiannual (spring and fall) basis for
the first two years of monitoring;
sampling may be reduced to annually if
the data support the reduction. The
semiannual samples were collected
starting in June and December 2009.
Results indicate that the cover system
has minimized contaminant migration
from contaminated soils to the
groundwater. In addition, the total
metals concentrations reported from
both sampling events for the metal
COCs arsenic, total chromium, and
hexavalent chromium were
nondetectable or below NYSDEC
Groundwater Quality Standards and
Guidance Values (GWQS/GVs).
As per the OM&M plan, semiannual
inspection of the landfill was conducted
concurrently with the sampling
described above. Inspection reports
submitted on February 5, 2010,
indicated that the final cover system
appears to be in good condition, with
the gas-venting system intact and
operational. Semiannual inspections
will continue as part of the OM&M plan.
The ROD requires the implementation
of institutional controls (ICs). The ICs
involve filing of an Environmental
Easement to restrict the use of on-site
groundwater as a source of potable or
process water (unless groundwater
quality standards are met) and to restrict
activities on the Site that could
compromise the integrity of the cap.
The owner of record of the Site, Peter
Cooper Corporation (PCC) is an inactive
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Delaware Corporation. A search for
potential corporate successors was
conducted and none were found. The
PRPs consistent with the obligation to
use reasonable best efforts to implement
the ICs: Commenced an action in
Supreme Court, Cattaraugus County,
against the Peter Cooper Corporation to
secure an Order from the court to
provide the PRPs with access to the Site
and to give permission to implement the
ICs by filing the Easement in the Office
of the Clerk of Cattaraugus County. The
Court granted legal access to the Site on
July 1, 2008. The ICs were filed with the
Clerk’s office on July 13, 2008 and a
stamped copy was sent to EPA.
Five-Year Review
Hazardous substances remain at this
Site above levels which would allow for
unlimited use and unrestricted
exposure. Pursuant to the
Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability
Act, Section 121(c), EPA must conduct
five-year reviews. The first Five-Year
Review Report will be completed prior
to July 2013, which is five years from
the initiation of construction for the
remedy.
Community Involvement
Public participation activities for this
Site have been satisfied as required in
CERCLA § 113(k) and Section 117. As
part of the remedy selection process, the
public was invited to comment on
EPA’s proposed remedies. All other
documents and information which EPA
relied on or considered in
recommending this deletion are
available for the public to review at the
information repositories identified
above.
Public participation activities for this
Site have been satisfied as required in
CERCLA Section 113(k), 42 U.S.C.
9613(k), and Section 117, 42 U.S.C.
9617. The ROD was subject to a public
review process. All other documents
and information that EPA relied on or
considered in recommending this
deletion are available for the public to
review at the information repositories.
Determination That the Site Meets the
Criteria for Deletion in the NCP
One of the three criteria for site
deletion is when responsible parties or
other persons have implemented all
appropriate response actions required
(40 CFR 300.425(e)(1)(I)). EPA, with the
concurrence of the State of New York
through NYSDEC, has determined that
all required and appropriate response
actions have been implemented by the
responsible parties.
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Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 151 / Friday, August 6, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
V. Deletion Action
The EPA, with concurrence of the
State of New York, has determined that
all appropriate responses under
CERCLA have been completed, and that
no further response actions, under
CERCLA, other than O&M and five-year
reviews, are necessary. Therefore, EPA
is deleting the Site from the NPL.
Because EPA considers this action to
be noncontroversial and routine, EPA is
taking it without prior publication. This
action will be effective September 20,
2010, unless EPA receives adverse
comments by September 7, 2010. If
adverse comments are received within
the 30-day public comment period, EPA
will publish a timely withdrawal of this
direct final notice of deletion before the
effective date of the deletion and it will
not take effect, and EPA will prepare a
response to comments and continue
with the deletion process on the basis of
the notice of intent to delete and the
comments already received. There will
be no additional opportunity to
comment.
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 300
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Chemicals, Hazardous
waste, Hazardous substances,
Intergovernmental relations, Penalties,
Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Superfund, Water
pollution control, Water supply.
Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1321(c)(2); 42 U.S.C.
9601–9657; E.O. 12777, 56 FR 54757, 3 CFR,
1991 Comp., p. 351; E.O. 12580, 52 FR 2923,
3 CFR, 1987 Comp., p. 193.
Dated: July 25, 2010.
Judith A. Enck,
Regional Administrator, Region 2.
For the reasons set out in this
document, 40 CFR part 300 is amended
as follows:
■
PART 300—[AMENDED]
1. The authority citation for part 300
continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1321(c)(2); 42 U.S.C.
9601–9657; E.O. 12777, 56 FR 54757, 3 CFR,
1991 Comp., p. 351; E.O. 12580, 52 FR 2923;
3 CFR, 1987 Comp., p. 193.
2. Table 1 of Appendix B to part 300
is amended by removing the entry for
‘‘Peter Cooper Corporation (Markhams),’’
‘‘Winslow Township,’’ ‘‘NY.’’
■
[FR Doc. 2010–19417 Filed 8–5–10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION
45 CFR Part 1611
Income Level for Individuals Eligible
for Assistance
Legal Services Corporation.
Final rule.
AGENCY:
ACTION:
The Legal Services
Corporation (‘‘Corporation’’) is required
by law to establish maximum income
levels for individuals eligible for legal
assistance. This document updates the
specified income levels to reflect the
annual amendments to the Federal
Poverty Guidelines as issued by the
Department of Health and Human
Services.
SUMMARY:
Effective Date: This rule is
effective as of August 6, 2010.
DATES:
47487
income level equivalent to one hundred
and twenty-five percent (125%) of the
Federal Poverty Guidelines. Since 1982,
the Department of Health and Human
Services has been responsible for
updating and issuing the Federal
Poverty Guidelines. The figures for 2010
set out below are equivalent to 125% of
the current Federal Poverty Guidelines
as published on August 3, 2010 (75 FR
45628).
In addition, LSC is publishing charts
listing income levels that are 200% of
the Federal Poverty Guidelines. These
charts are for reference purposes only as
an aid to grant recipients in assessing
the financial eligibility of an applicant
whose income is greater than 200% of
the applicable Federal Poverty
Guidelines amount, but less than 200%
of the applicable Federal Poverty
Guidelines amount (and who may be
found to be financially eligible under
duly adopted exceptions to the annual
income ceiling in accordance with
sections 1611.3, 1611.4 and 1611.5).
LSC notes that these 2010 Income
Guidelines are substantively unchanged
from the 2009 Income Guidelines. This
is because HHS’ Poverty Guidelines for
the remainder of 2010 are unchanged
from the 2009 Poverty Guidelines which
have been in place since last year.
List of Subjects in 45 CFR Part 1611
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Mattie Cohan, Senior Assistant General
Counsel, Legal Services Corporation,
3333 K St., NW., Washington, DC 20007;
(202) 295–1624; mcohan@lsc.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Section
1007(a)(2) of the Legal Services
Corporation Act (‘‘Act’’), 42 U.S.C.
2996f(a)(2), requires the Corporation to
establish maximum income levels for
individuals eligible for legal assistance,
and the Act provides that other
specified factors shall be taken into
account along with income.
Section 1611.3(c) of the Corporation’s
regulations establishes a maximum
Grant programs—Law, Legal services.
For reasons set forth above, 45 CFR
1611 is amended as follows:
■
PART 1611—ELIGIBILITY
1. The authority citation for part 1611
continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: Secs. 1006(b)(1), 1007(a)(1)
Legal Services Corporation Act of 1974, 42
U.S.C. 2996e(b)(1), 2996f(a)(1), 2996f(a)(2).
2. Appendix A of part 1611 is revised
to read as follows:
■
Appendix A of Part 1611
LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION 2010 INCOME GUIDELINES *
48 Contiguous
states and the District of Columbia
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Size of household
1 ...........................................................................................................................
2 ...........................................................................................................................
3 ...........................................................................................................................
4 ...........................................................................................................................
5 ...........................................................................................................................
6 ...........................................................................................................................
7 ...........................................................................................................................
8 ...........................................................................................................................
For each additional member of the household in excess of 8, add:
Alaska
$13,538
18,213
22,888
27,563
32,238
36,913
41,588
46,263
4,675
$16,913
22,763
28,613
34,463
40,313
46,163
52,013
57,863
5,850
Hawaii
$15,575
20,950
26,325
31,700
37,075
42,450
47,825
53,200
5,375
* The figures in this table represent 125% of the poverty guidelines by household size as determined by the Department of Health and Human
Services.
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14:05 Aug 05, 2010
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E:\FR\FM\06AUR1.SGM
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 75, Number 151 (Friday, August 6, 2010)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 47482-47487]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2010-19417]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 300
[EPA-HQ-SFUND-2000-0006; FRL-9185-4]
National Oil and Hazardous Substance Pollution Contingency Plan;
National Priorities List: Deletion of the Peter Cooper Corporation
(Markhams) Superfund Site
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency.
ACTION: Direct final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 2 is
publishing a direct final notice of deletion of the Peter Cooper
Corporation (Markhams) Superfund Site (Markhams Site) located in the
Town of Dayton, Cattaraugus County, New York from the National
Priorities List (NPL).
The NPL, promulgated pursuant to section 105 of the Comprehensive
Environmental Response,
[[Page 47483]]
Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) of 1980, as amended, is an
appendix of the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution
Contingency Plan (NCP). This direct final deletion is being published
by EPA with the concurrence of the State of New York, through the
Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC), because EPA has
determined that all appropriate response actions under CERCLA, other
than operation, maintenance, and five-year reviews, have been
completed. However, this deletion does not preclude future actions
under Superfund.
DATES: This direct final rule will be effective September 20, 2010
unless EPA receives adverse comments by September 7, 2010. If adverse
comments are received, EPA will publish a timely withdrawal of the
direct final deletion in the Federal Register informing the public that
the deletion will not take effect.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID no. EPA-HQ-
SFUND-2000-0006, by one of the following methods:
https://www.regulations.gov. Follow on-line instructions
for submitting comments.
E-mail: henry.sherrel@epa.gov.
Fax: 212-637-3966.
Mail: Sherrel Henry, Remedial Project Manager, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Region 2, 290 Broadway, 20th Floor,
New York, New York 10007-1866
Hand delivery: Superfund Records Center, 290 Broadway,
18th Floor, New York, NY 10007-1866 (telephone: 212-637-4308). Such
deliveries are only accepted during the Docket's normal hours of
operation (Monday to Friday from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.) and special
arrangements should be made for deliveries of boxed information.
Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID no. EPA-HQ-SFUND-
2000-0006. EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included
in the public docket without change and may be made available online at
https://www.regulations.gov, including any personal information
provided, unless the comment includes information claimed to be
Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose
disclosure is restricted by statute. Do not submit information that you
consider to be CBI or otherwise protected through https://www.regulations.gov or e-mail. The https://www.regulations.gov Web site
is an ``anonymous access'' system, which means EPA will not know your
identity or contact information unless you provide it in the body of
your comment. If you send an e-mail comment directly to EPA without
going through https://www.regulations.gov, your e-mail address will be
automatically captured and included as part of the comment that is
placed in the public docket and made available on the Internet. If you
submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends that you include your name
and other contact information in the body of your comment and with any
disk or CD-ROM you submit. If EPA cannot read your comment due to
technical difficulties and cannot contact you for clarification, EPA
may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic files should avoid
the use of special characters, any form of encryption, and be free of
any defects or viruses.
Docket
All documents in the docket are listed in the https://www.regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some
information is not publicly available, e.g., CBI or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such
as copyrighted material, will be publicly available only in the hard
copy. Publicly available docket materials are available either
electronically in https://www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 2, Superfund Records
Center, 290 Broadway, Room 1828, New York, New York 10007-1866. (212)
637-4308.
Hours: Monday through Friday: 9 a.m. through 5 p.m.
or
Town of Dayton, Town Building, 9100 Route 62, South Dayton, New York
14138. (716) 532-9449.
Hours: Monday through Friday: 9 a.m. through 5 p.m.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. Sherrel D. Henry, Remedial Project
Manager, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 2, 290 Broadway,
20th Floor, NY, NY 10007-1866, (212) 637-4273, e-mail:
henry.sherrel@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Table of Contents
I. Introduction
II. NPL Deletion Criteria
III. Deletion Procedures
IV. Basis for Site Deletion
V. Deletion Action
I. Introduction
EPA Region 2 is publishing this direct final Notice of Deletion of
the Peter Cooper Corporation (Markhams) Superfund Site (Markhams Site)
from the NPL. The NPL constitutes Appendix B of 40 CFR part 300, which
is the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan
(NCP), which EPA promulgated pursuant to section 105 of the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act
(CERCLA) of 1980, as amended. EPA maintains the NPL as the list of
sites that appear to present a significant risk to public health,
welfare or the environment. Sites on the NPL may be the subject of
remedial actions financed by the Hazardous Substance Superfund (Fund).
As described in 300.425(e) (3) of the NCP, sites deleted from the NPL
remain eligible for Fund-financed remedial actions if future conditions
warrant such actions.
Because EPA considers this action to be noncontroversial and
routine, this action will be effective September 20, 2010 unless EPA
receives adverse comments by September 7, 2010. Along with this direct
final Notice of Deletion, EPA is co-publishing a Notice of Intent to
Delete in the ``Proposed Rules'' section of the Federal Register. If
adverse comments are received within the 30-day public comment period
on this deletion action, EPA will publish a timely withdrawal of this
direct final Notice of Deletion before the effective date of the
deletion, and the deletion will not take effect. EPA will, as
appropriate, prepare a response to comments and continue with the
deletion process on the basis of the Notice of Intent to Delete and the
comments already received. There will be no additional opportunity to
comment.
Section II of this document explains the criteria for deleting
sites from the NPL. Section III discusses procedures that EPA is using
for this action. Section IV discusses the Markhams Site and
demonstrates how it meets the deletion criteria. Section V discusses
EPA's action to delete the Site from the NPL unless adverse comments
are received during the public comment period.
II. NPL Deletion Criteria
The NCP establishes the criteria that EPA uses to delete sites from
the NPL. In accordance with 40 CFR 300.425(e), sites may be deleted
from the NPL where no further response is appropriate. In making such a
determination pursuant to 40 CFR 300.425(e), EPA will consider, in
consultation with the State, whether any of the following criteria have
been met:
i. Responsible parties or other persons have implemented all
appropriate response actions required;
ii. All appropriate Fund-financed response under CERCLA has been
implemented, and no further response
[[Page 47484]]
action by responsible parties is appropriate; or
iii. The remedial investigation has shown that the release poses no
significant threat to public health or the environment and, therefore,
the taking of remedial measures is not appropriate.
Pursuant to CERCLA section 121(c) and the NCP, EPA conducts five-
year reviews to ensure the continued protectiveness of remedial actions
where hazardous substances, pollutants, or contaminants remain at a
site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted
exposure. EPA conducts such five-year reviews even if a site is deleted
from the NPL. EPA may initiate further action to ensure continued
protectiveness at a deleted site if new information becomes available
that indicates it is appropriate. Whenever there is a significant
release from a site deleted from the NPL, the deleted site may be
restored to the NPL without application of the hazard ranking system.
III. Deletion Procedures
The following procedures apply to deletion of the Site:
(1) EPA consulted with the State of New York prior to developing
this direct final Notice of Deletion and the Notice of Intent to Delete
co-published today in the ``Proposed Rules'' section of the Federal
Register.
(2) EPA has provided New York State 30 working days for review of
this notice and the parallel Notice of Intent to Delete prior to their
publication today, and the State, through the NYSDEC, has concurred on
the deletion of the Site from the NPL.
(3) Concurrently with the publication of this direct final Notice
of Deletion, a notice of the availability of the parallel Notice of
Intent to Delete is being published in a major local newspaper, Dunkirk
Observer. The newspaper notice announces the 30-day public comment
period concerning the Notice of Intent to Delete the Site from the NPL.
(4) The EPA placed copies of documents supporting the proposed
deletion in the deletion docket and made these items available for
public inspection and copying at the Site information repositories
identified above.
(5) If adverse comments are received within the 30-day public
comment period on this deletion action, EPA will publish a timely
notice of withdrawal of this direct final Notice of Deletion before its
effective date and will prepare a response to comments and continue
with the deletion process on the basis of the Notice of Intent to
Delete and the comments already received.
Deletion of a site from the NPL does not itself create, alter, or
revoke any individual's rights or obligations. Deletion of a site from
the NPL does not in any way alter EPA's right to take enforcement
actions, as appropriate. The NPL is designed primarily for
informational purposes and to assist EPA management. Section
300.425(e)(3) of the NCP states that the deletion of a site from the
NPL does not preclude eligibility for future response actions, should
future conditions warrant such actions.
IV. Basis for Site Deletion
The following information provides EPA's rationale for deleting the
Site from the NPL:
Site Background and History
The Markhams Site, EPA ID No. NYD980592547, is located off Bentley
Road, in the Town of Dayton, Cattaraugus County, New York. The Site is
approximately 103 acres in size and is bordered to the northwest by
Bentley Road; to the northeast by a wooded property and farm field; to
the southeast by a railroad right-of-way; and to the southwest by
hardwood forest. Site access is restricted by a locked cable gate at
the Bentley Road entrance. Surrounding property is rural, consisting of
small farm fields, open meadow and forests.
The Site was used for the disposal of wastes remaining after the
manufacturing process from the Peter Cooper Corporation (PCC), a former
animal glue and adhesives plant located in Gowanda, New York. Materials
disposed at the Site were reported to consist of ``cookhouse sludge,''
residue pile material and vacuum filter sludge. Cookhouse sludge was so
named because of a cooking cycle that occurred just prior to extraction
of the glue. It was derived primarily from chrome-tanned hides obtained
from tanneries and leather finishers. Residue pile material is
described as air-dried cookhouse sludge, which was stabilized to a dry,
granular form. Vacuum filter sludge reportedly was produced during
dewatering of cookhouse sludge. The waste material has been shown to
contain elevated levels of chromium, arsenic, zinc, and several organic
compounds.
PCC purchased the Site in 1955 and sold the Site, among other
assets including its corporate name, in 1976 to a foreign company,
Rousselot Gelatin Corporation, and its parent, Rousselot, S.A. of
Paris, France. Rousellot Gelatin subsequently changed its name to the
Peter Cooper Corporation. From approximately 1955 until September 1971,
it was reported that approximately 9,600 tons of waste material from
the Gowanda plant were placed at the Site over an approximately 15-acre
area.
In addition, PCC transferred approximately 38,600 additional tons
of waste materials from the Gowanda plant to the Site pursuant to a New
York State Supreme Court Order (8th J.D. Cattaraugus County) dated June
1971. PCC arranged the material into several waste piles approximately
20 feet high and covering a total of approximately seven acres, mostly
in the original disposal area.
The NYSDEC completed preliminary site investigations in 1983 and
1985 and identified the presence of arsenic, chromium and zinc in soil
samples.
At that time, the Site did not meet the New York State statutory
definition for an inactive hazardous waste disposal site and NYSDEC
could not use State funds to implement a remedial program.
Consequently, the NYSDEC removed the Site from its Registry of Inactive
Hazardous Waste Disposal Sites and transferred the Site to EPA for
further evaluation.
In 1993, EPA conducted a Site Sampling Inspection, which included
the collection and analysis of soil and surface water samples from the
Site. Chromium and arsenic were detected in soils above background
concentrations within the waste piles. In 1999, EPA determined a Hazard
Ranking System score for the Site so that it could be evaluated for
potential listing on the National Priorities List (NPL). The Site was
proposed to the NPL on April 23, 1999 (64 FR 19968) and subsequently
added on February 4, 2000 (65 FR 5435).
Remedial Investigation and Feasibility Study (RI/FS)
On September 29, 2000, EPA issued a Unilateral Administrative Order
(UAO) to several potentially responsible parties (PRPs) to perform the
RI/FS for the Site, subject to EPA oversight. The RI characterized the
physical properties of the soil fill piles, soils around the perimeter
of the fill piles (perimeter surface soils), native subsurface soils,
wetland sediments, groundwater, and soil gas.
The PRPs, through their consultants, Benchmark Environmental
Engineering and Science PLLC (Benchmark) and Geomatrix Consultants,
performed the Remedial Investigation (RI) from November 2000 to
December 2003 and the final RI report was submitted to EPA in February
2005. The chemicals of concern (COCs) in site media included: arsenic,
total chromium and hexavalent
[[Page 47485]]
chromium (metal COCs). The results of the RI suggest that low
concentrations of metal COCs can leach from the waste fill. However,
the data from native soil samples (non-waste fill) collected below the
waste fill indicate that metals have not migrated substantially in
native soil. Arsenic and total chromium concentration detected in the
surface soil samples from the cover of the fill piles were above soil
criteria. Soil testing below the fill piles identified decreasing
concentrations of metal COCs with depth. Metal COCs were reported to
exceed the NYS Groundwater Quality Standards and Guidance Values (GWQS/
GVs) in one groundwater monitoring well MW-2S for arsenic, chromium,
zinc and benzene (with benzene only slightly above the GWQS/GVs). In
the RI report, difficulties in obtaining representative samples from
monitoring well MW-2S were identified. Suggested possible explanations
for these difficulties were the age of the well and construction
materials. The report concluded that the groundwater analytical results
collected from well MW-2S during the first and second sampling events
might not be representative of Site groundwater. To address the
limitations of the sampling from monitoring well MW-2S, the ROD
required that any groundwater monitoring program at the Site include
replacing well MW-2S and conducting analytical sampling for metals.
Monitoring well MW-2S was decommissioned by the PRPs contractor in
September 2008. MW-2S was found to be constructed of steel casing and
screen, and was found to be visibly rusted/rotted on removal. MW-2S was
replaced with a new PVC replacement well (MW-2SR). Site data indicate
that transport of metal COCs and organic compounds is not considered
significant at the Site.
The RI concluded that all groundwater from the Site ultimately
discharges to Wetland F before reaching the southwestern property
boundary located more that 500 feet across the wetland. Site-related
chemicals in the overburden groundwater are transported beneath the
Site to the southwest in the direction of Wetland F. Water quality data
indicate subsurface conditions are not conducive to transport of metal
COCs. Although chromium was widely detected in soils across the Site,
chromium concentrations were not elevated in groundwater (except in
monitoring well MW-2S). Hexavalent chromium was detected at a low
concentration in one of 18 samples analyzed: the detection was not
confirmed in the second sampling event. The lack of hexavalent chromium
in groundwater suggests conditions are not suitable for the oxidation
of chromium (Cr+3) to hexavalent chromium (Cr+6).
The slightly alkaline subsurface soil conditions and relatively low
concentrations of manganese inhibit reactions that can produce
hexavalent chromium. These results are indicative that the area of
groundwater contamination is limited to a relatively small area, under
the waste piles.
Based on the results of the RI report a risk assessment was
performed for the Site. The risk assessment determined that if
infiltration of rainwater through the waste/fill material is not
curtailed, then the quality of Site groundwater would continue to
degrade, resulting in a potential future risk from groundwater
ingestion.
A Feasibility Study (FS) was then completed by the PRPs and
submitted to EPA in August 2006. The FS Report identified and evaluated
effective remedial alternatives for the Site, consistent with the
guidelines presented in ``Guidance for Conducting Remedial
Investigations and Feasibility Studies under CERCLA.'' The FS evaluated
five alternatives, including no action, institutional controls, two
containment alternatives and an excavation/off-site disposal remedies.
The remedial alternatives were developed to satisfy the Remedial Action
Objectives (RAO) for the Site:
Minimize or eliminate contaminant migration from
contaminated soils to the groundwater.
Prevent direct contact with waste fill materials.
Mitigate erosion and migration of waste material from the
exposed surface.
Selected Remedy
Based upon the results of the RI/FS, a Proposed Plan, and a Public
Meeting, a Record of Decision (ROD) was signed in December 2006. The
major components of the selected remedy included consolidation of
various waste/fill piles into a single waste/fill area, followed by
capping with a low-permeability soil cover. Specifically, the ROD
called for:
Consolidating the waste/fill piles into seven acres or
less, followed by capping the consolidated wastes with a low
permeability soil cover, consistent with the requirements of 6 NYCRR
Part 360, including seeding with a seed mixture to foster natural
habitat, and replacement of waste piles moved during consolidation with
native soil.
Imposing institutional controls in the form of an
environmental easement/restrictive covenant filed in the property
records of Cattaraugus County that will at a minimum require: (a)
Restricting activities on the Site that could compromise the integrity
of the cap; and (b) restricting the use of groundwater as a source of
potable or process water unless groundwater quality standards are met.
Developing a site management plan that provides for the
proper management of all remedy components post-construction, such as
institutional controls, and also includes: (a) Monitoring of
groundwater to ensure that, following the soil consolidation and
capping, the contamination is attenuating and groundwater quality
continues to improve; (b) an inventory of any site use restrictions;
(c) necessary provisions for ensuring the easement/covenant remains in
place and is effective; (d) provision for any operation and maintenance
required of the components of the remedy; and (e) the owner/operator or
entity responsible for maintenance of the Site to complete and submit
periodic certifications concerning the status of the institutional and
engineering controls for the Site.
Evaluating site conditions at least once every five years
to ensure that the remedy continues to protect public health and the
environment.
Response Actions
In 2008, EPA concluded Consent Decree negotiations with the PRPs
related to the performance of the design and implementation of the
remedy called for in the ROD. On February 19, 2008, the Consent Decree
was entered in United States District Court (approved by the Judge). On
March 12, 2008 Benchmark Environmental Engineering and Science PLLC
(Benchmark) was approved as the supervising contractor to conduct the
remedial design and construction work at the Site.
The PRPs prepared a Remedial Design (RD) Report which was approved
by EPA on July 3, 2008. The RD report outlined the following remedial
construction measures: mobilization, site preparation, waste/fill
consolidation and grading, and cover system (barrier layer material
placement and compaction, topsoil and seeding, and passive gas
venting).
Zoladz Construction Company, Inc. was approved as the subcontractor
for the Remedial Action (RA) and mobilized to the site on July 30,
2008. Site preparation work included clearing, grubbing and access
improvements required for consolidation and covering work. Vegetation
was stripped from the surface of the waste fill where cover soils were
placed.
[[Page 47486]]
Waste/fill consolidation involved relocation of the various waste/
fill piles located at various areas across the center of the site into
a single area. Regraded and consolidated waste/fill were placed in
maximum 12-inch lifts and compacted with rollers to 90% modified
density.
A total of approximately 40,000 cubic yards of waste/fill were
consolidated and compacted. The waste fill consolidated area has a
footprint of approximately four acres, with an average peak elevation
(including cover soil) of 14 feet above surrounding grade.
Landfill Cap Construction
The final landfill cap meets the grading requirements of 6 NYCCR
Part 360-2.13(q)2(ii) which requires that the barrier component of the
cap have a slope of no less than 4 percent to promote positive drainage
and no more than 33 percent to minimize erosion.
Cover System
The final cover system was constructed to function with minimum
maintenance, promote drainage, and minimize erosion. The cover system
was designed with an 18-inch thick recompacted low permeability (less
than 1 x 10-6 cm/sec) soil barrier layer and 6 inches of
topsoil.
Barrier Layer
Barrier soil was placed and compacted to provide a thickness of 18
inches across the final waste surface. Barrier layer soil was compacted
with rollers. Smooth drum rollers were used for temporary sealing of
the lifts and for the stockpiled soils.
Topsoil, Seeding and Tree Planting
Following the final grading and compaction of the barrier layer,
topsoil was placed to a depth of six inches (after placement and
rolling). Topsoil was placed and graded to a smooth, even surface and
was rolled and raked to remove ridges and fill in depressions, ruts and
low spots. A conservation seed mixture was used to foster a natural
habitat and minimize maintenance requirements. Fifty trees, including
25 hardwood trees, 13 poplars and 12 birch trees were replanted at
various locations across the Site to provide shelter for the wildlife
and stimulate repopulation of the wooded areas outside of the
consolidated area.
Cleanup Goals
Results of subsurface soil data indicated that metal COCs have not
migrated into native soils beneath the waste fill piles. The
consolidated waste piles were removed and underlying native soils were
scraped and consolidated into one central area. As a result,
contaminated-specific soil cleanup values for the Site were not
developed. Groundwater is being monitored through post-remedial
groundwater and surface water sampling. The primary objectives of the
remedy are to reduce or eliminate any direct contact threat associated
with the contaminated soils/fill and minimize or eliminate contaminant
migration from contaminated soils to the groundwater.
Operation and Maintenance
The primary components at the Site to be monitored and maintained
include groundwater and surface water quality, the waste/fill
consolidation area cover system (the Cap), and gas vents. These goals
are being met through the Operation, Maintenance and Monitoring (OM&M)
Plan that describes personnel requirements, responsibilities, duties,
and specifics post-construction sampling, analysis, and monitoring to
be conducted to monitor the effectiveness of the remedy.
The OM&M plan requires groundwater and surface water sampling to be
conducted on a semiannual (spring and fall) basis for the first two
years of monitoring; sampling may be reduced to annually if the data
support the reduction. The semiannual samples were collected starting
in June and December 2009. Results indicate that the cover system has
minimized contaminant migration from contaminated soils to the
groundwater. In addition, the total metals concentrations reported from
both sampling events for the metal COCs arsenic, total chromium, and
hexavalent chromium were nondetectable or below NYSDEC Groundwater
Quality Standards and Guidance Values (GWQS/GVs).
As per the OM&M plan, semiannual inspection of the landfill was
conducted concurrently with the sampling described above. Inspection
reports submitted on February 5, 2010, indicated that the final cover
system appears to be in good condition, with the gas-venting system
intact and operational. Semiannual inspections will continue as part of
the OM&M plan.
The ROD requires the implementation of institutional controls
(ICs). The ICs involve filing of an Environmental Easement to restrict
the use of on-site groundwater as a source of potable or process water
(unless groundwater quality standards are met) and to restrict
activities on the Site that could compromise the integrity of the cap.
The owner of record of the Site, Peter Cooper Corporation (PCC) is
an inactive Delaware Corporation. A search for potential corporate
successors was conducted and none were found. The PRPs consistent with
the obligation to use reasonable best efforts to implement the ICs:
Commenced an action in Supreme Court, Cattaraugus County, against the
Peter Cooper Corporation to secure an Order from the court to provide
the PRPs with access to the Site and to give permission to implement
the ICs by filing the Easement in the Office of the Clerk of
Cattaraugus County. The Court granted legal access to the Site on July
1, 2008. The ICs were filed with the Clerk's office on July 13, 2008
and a stamped copy was sent to EPA.
Five-Year Review
Hazardous substances remain at this Site above levels which would
allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure. Pursuant to the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act,
Section 121(c), EPA must conduct five-year reviews. The first Five-Year
Review Report will be completed prior to July 2013, which is five years
from the initiation of construction for the remedy.
Community Involvement
Public participation activities for this Site have been satisfied
as required in CERCLA Sec. 113(k) and Section 117. As part of the
remedy selection process, the public was invited to comment on EPA's
proposed remedies. All other documents and information which EPA relied
on or considered in recommending this deletion are available for the
public to review at the information repositories identified above.
Public participation activities for this Site have been satisfied
as required in CERCLA Section 113(k), 42 U.S.C. 9613(k), and Section
117, 42 U.S.C. 9617. The ROD was subject to a public review process.
All other documents and information that EPA relied on or considered in
recommending this deletion are available for the public to review at
the information repositories.
Determination That the Site Meets the Criteria for Deletion in the NCP
One of the three criteria for site deletion is when responsible
parties or other persons have implemented all appropriate response
actions required (40 CFR 300.425(e)(1)(I)). EPA, with the concurrence
of the State of New York through NYSDEC, has determined that all
required and appropriate response actions have been implemented by the
responsible parties.
[[Page 47487]]
V. Deletion Action
The EPA, with concurrence of the State of New York, has determined
that all appropriate responses under CERCLA have been completed, and
that no further response actions, under CERCLA, other than O&M and
five-year reviews, are necessary. Therefore, EPA is deleting the Site
from the NPL.
Because EPA considers this action to be noncontroversial and
routine, EPA is taking it without prior publication. This action will
be effective September 20, 2010, unless EPA receives adverse comments
by September 7, 2010. If adverse comments are received within the 30-
day public comment period, EPA will publish a timely withdrawal of this
direct final notice of deletion before the effective date of the
deletion and it will not take effect, and EPA will prepare a response
to comments and continue with the deletion process on the basis of the
notice of intent to delete and the comments already received. There
will be no additional opportunity to comment.
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 300
Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Chemicals,
Hazardous waste, Hazardous substances, Intergovernmental relations,
Penalties, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Superfund, Water
pollution control, Water supply.
Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1321(c)(2); 42 U.S.C. 9601-9657; E.O.
12777, 56 FR 54757, 3 CFR, 1991 Comp., p. 351; E.O. 12580, 52 FR
2923, 3 CFR, 1987 Comp., p. 193.
Dated: July 25, 2010.
Judith A. Enck,
Regional Administrator, Region 2.
0
For the reasons set out in this document, 40 CFR part 300 is amended as
follows:
PART 300--[AMENDED]
0
1. The authority citation for part 300 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1321(c)(2); 42 U.S.C. 9601-9657; E.O.
12777, 56 FR 54757, 3 CFR, 1991 Comp., p. 351; E.O. 12580, 52 FR
2923; 3 CFR, 1987 Comp., p. 193.
0
2. Table 1 of Appendix B to part 300 is amended by removing the entry
for ``Peter Cooper Corporation (Markhams),'' ``Winslow Township,''
``NY.''
[FR Doc. 2010-19417 Filed 8-5-10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P