Special Conditions: Garmin International G1000 and GFC700 System Installation in the Cessna Model 525 Citation Jet; Installation of Mid-Continent MD835 Lithium Ion Battery, 44881-44884 [2010-18669]
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44881
Rules and Regulations
Federal Register
Vol. 75, No. 146
Friday, July 30, 2010
This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER
contains regulatory documents having general
applicability and legal effect, most of which
are keyed to and codified in the Code of
Federal Regulations, which is published under
50 titles pursuant to 44 U.S.C. 1510.
The Code of Federal Regulations is sold by
the Superintendent of Documents. Prices of
new books are listed in the first FEDERAL
REGISTER issue of each week.
Done in Washington, DC, this 27th
day of July 2010.
Kevin Shea
Acting Administrator, Animal and Plant
Health Inspection Service.
[FR Doc. 2010–18756 Filed 7–29–10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3410–34–S
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Federal Aviation Administration
Animal and Plant Health Inspection
Service
14 CFR Part 23
7 CFR Part 301
Special Conditions: Garmin
International G1000 and GFC700
System Installation in the Cessna
Model 525 Citation Jet; Installation of
Mid-Continent MD835 Lithium Ion
Battery
[Docket No CE309; Notice No. 23–249–SC]
[Docket No. APHIS-2010-0035]
Black Stem Rust; Additions of RustResistant Varieties
Animal and Plant Health
Inspection Service, USDA.
AGENCY:
Direct final rule; confirmation of
effective date.
ACTION:
On May 25, 2010, the Animal
and Plant Health Inspection Service
published a direct final rule. (See 75 FR
29191-29193.) The direct final rule
notified the public of our intention to
amend the black stem rust quarantine
and regulations by adding 21 varieties to
the list of rust-resistant Berberis species
or cultivars and 2 varieties to the list of
rust-resistant Mahonia species or
cultivars in the regulations. We did not
receive any written adverse comments
or written notice of intent to submit
adverse comments in response to the
direct final rule.
SUMMARY:
The effective date of the
direct final rule is confirmed as July 26,
2010.
EFFECTIVE DATE:
Mr.
Prakash K. Hebbar, National Program
Manager, Black Stem/Barberry Rust
Program, PPQ, APHIS, 4700 River Road
Unit 26, Riverdale, MD 20737-1231;
(301) 734-5717.
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FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Authority: 7 U.S.C. 7701-7772 and 77817786; 7 CFR 2.22, 2.80, and 371.3.
Section 301.75-15 issued under Sec.
204, Title II, Public Law 106-113, 113
Stat. 1501A-293; sections 301.75-15 and
301.75-16 issued under Sec. 203, Title
II, Public Law 106-224, 114 Stat. 400 (7
U.S.C. 1421 note).
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Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final special conditions; request
for comments.
AGENCY:
These special conditions are
issued for the Garmin International,
model G1000, Multifunctional Display
and GFC700 Automatic Flight Control
System installation with a MidContinent MD835 Lithium Ion Battery
in the Cessna model 525 Citation Jet.
This airplane as modified by Garmin
International will have a novel or
unusual design feature(s) associated
with installation of the Mid-Continent
Instruments MD835 Lithium Ion (Li-ion)
battery. The applicable airworthiness
regulations do not contain adequate or
appropriate safety standards for this
design feature. These special conditions
contain the additional safety standards
that the Administrator considers
necessary to establish a level of safety
equivalent to that established by the
existing airworthiness standards.
DATES: The effective date of these
special conditions is July 14, 2010.
We must receive your comments by
August 30, 2010.
ADDRESSES: Mail two copies of your
comments to: Federal Aviation
Administration, Regional Counsel,
ACE–7, Attn: Rules Docket No CE309,
901 Locust, Room 506, Kansas City,
Missouri 64106. You may deliver two
copies to the Small Airplane Directorate
at the above address. Mark your
SUMMARY:
PO 00000
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comments: Docket No. CE309. You may
inspect comments in the Rules Docket
weekdays, except Federal holidays,
between 7:30 a.m. and 4 p.m.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
James Brady, Federal Aviation
Administration, Small Airplane
Directorate, Aircraft Certification
Service, 901 Locust, Kansas City, MO
64106; telephone (816) 329–4132;
facsimile (816) 329–4090.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
The FAA has determined that notice
and opportunity for prior public
comment hereon are impracticable
because these procedures would
significantly delay issuance of the
approval design and thus delivery of the
affected aircraft. In addition, the
substance of these special conditions
has been subject to the public comment
process in several prior instances with
no substantive comments received. The
FAA, therefore, finds that good cause
exists for making these special
conditions effective upon issuance.
Comments Invited
We invite interested persons to
submit written data, views, or
arguments as they desire. The most
helpful comments reference a specific
portion of the special conditions,
explain the reason for any
recommended change, and include
supporting data. We ask that you send
us two copies of written comments.
We will file in the docket all
comments we receive, as well as a
report summarizing each substantive
public contact with FAA personnel
concerning these special conditions.
You may inspect the docket before and
after the comment closing date. If you
wish to review the docket in person, go
to the address in the ADDRESSES section
of this preamble between 7:30 a.m. and
4 p.m., Monday through Friday, except
Federal holidays.
We will consider all comments we
receive on or before the closing date for
comments. We will consider comments
filed late if it is possible to do so
without incurring expense or delay. We
may change these special conditions
based on the comments we receive.
If you want the FAA to acknowledge
receipt of your comments on this
proposal, send us a pre-addressed,
stamped postcard on which the docket
number appears. We will stamp the date
on the postcard and mail it back to you.
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Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 146 / Friday, July 30, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
Background
On September 18, 2009, Garmin
International applied for a supplemental
type certificate for installation of the
Mid-Continent Instruments MD835
Lithium Ion battery in the G1000 &
GFC700 equipped Cessna model 525
Citation Jet. The model 525 is a twoengine turbofan aircraft certified in the
normal category under Title 14, part 23.
The aircraft is certified for eight seats
including the pilot, a maximum gross
weight of 10,700 pounds, and maximum
altitude of 41,000 feet mean sea level
(MSL).
The current regulatory requirements
for part 23 airplanes do not contain
adequate requirements for the
application of Li-ion batteries in
airborne applications. Garmin
International proposes to replace an
existing BF Goodrich PS–834A leadacid emergency battery with a MidContinent Instruments MD835 Lithium
Ion battery on Cessna model 525
Citation Jets. This type of battery
possesses certain failure, operational,
and maintenance characteristics that
differ significantly from the nickel
cadmium (Ni-Cd) and lead-acid
rechargeable batteries currently
approved in other normal, utility,
acrobatic, and commuter category
airplanes.
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Type Certification Basis
Under the provisions of § 21.101,
Garmin International must show that
the Cessna model 525 Citation Jet, as
changed, continues to meet the
applicable provisions of the regulations
incorporated by reference in the type
certificate of the Cessna model 525
Citation Jet or the applicable regulations
in effect on the date of application for
the change. The regulations
incorporated by reference in the type
certificate are commonly referred to as
the ‘‘original type certification basis.’’
The regulations incorporated by
reference in the Cessna model 525
Citation Jet are as follows:
For serial numbers 525–0001 through
525–0599
Part 23 effective February 1, 1965, as
amended by Amendments 23–1 through
23–38, and 23–40;
For serial numbers: 525–0600 and
subsequent:
Part 23 effective February 1, 1965, as
amended by Amendments 23–1 through
23–38, and 23–40; except the following
paragraphs applicable for Engines and
Full Authority Digital Engine Controls
(FADECs):
Sections 23.611, 23.777, 23.779,
23.781, 23.865, 23.867, 23.901, 23.903,
23.939, 23.943, 23.951, 23.955, 23.961,
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23.973, 23.1011, 23.1013, 23.1019,
23.1021, 23.1041, 23.1043, 23.1045,
23.1091, 23.1093, 23.1103, 23,1111,
23.1121, 23.1123, 23.1141, 23.1143,
23.1145, 23.1163, 23.1181, 23.1182,
23.1183, 23.1189, 23.1191, 23.1193,
23.1195, 23.1203, 23.1301, 23.1305,
23.1309, 23.1337, 23.1521, 23.1549, and
23.1583 as amended through
Amendment 23–1 through 23–38, and
23–40 through 23–54.
For serial numbers 525–0001 through
525–0599:
14 CFR part 36 effective December 1,
1969, as amended by Amendments 36–
1 through 36–18;
For serial numbers 525–0600 and
subsequent:
Part 36 December 1, 1969, as amended
by Amendments 36–1 through 36–25
For serial numbers 525–0001 through
525–0599:
14 CFR part 34 effective September
10, 1990;
For serial numbers 525–0600 and
subsequent:
Part 34 effective September 10, 1990,
Fuel Venting and Exhaust Emission
Requirements for Turbine Engine
Powered Airplanes, as amended by
Amendments 34–1 through 34–3.
Compliance with the Noise Control
Act of 1972;
Special Conditions as follows:
23–ACE–55, additional requirements
for:
Smoke evacuation, protection of
electronic systems from lightning and
high intensity radiated electromagnetic
fields (HIRF), electronic flight
instrument displays, thrust attenuating
systems (thrust attenuating systems are
not applicable for serial numbers 525–
0600 and subsequent), engine fire
extinguishing system, performance,
including takeoff, takeoff speeds,
accelerate-stop, takeoff path, takeoff
distance and takeoff run, takeoff flight
path, climb one engine inoperative,
landing, balked landing, climb,
minimum control speed, trim, static
longitudinal stability, demonstration of
static longitudinal stability, static
directional and lateral stability, wings
level stall, turning flight and accelerated
stalls, stall warning, vibration and
buffeting, high speed characteristics,
airspeed indicating system, static
pressure system, maximum operating
speed limit, minimum flight crew,
operating limitations, operating
procedures, performance information,
airspeed indicator, effects of
contamination on Natural Laminar Flow
airfoils, definitions, and AFM approved
information.
Exemption as follows:
Exemption No. 5759 granted to use a
relaxed ‘‘Dutch Roll’’ damping criteria
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above 18,000 feet in lieu of damping
criteria of § 23.181(b).
Equivalent level of safety as follows
(Applicable to airplanes S/N 525–0360
and On equipped with Collins Proline
21 electronic displays of engine
instruments):
• Number ACE–00–01: Sections
23.1305(c)(2), (c)(5), and 23.1549(a)
through (d), direct reading, digital only
displays for the high-pressure turbine
speed (N2), and fuel flow indications.
Compliance with ice protection has
been demonstrated in accordance with
§§ 23.1416 and 23.1419.
If the Administrator finds that the
applicable airworthiness regulations
(i.e., 14 CFR part 23) do not contain
adequate or appropriate safety standards
for the Cessna model 525 Citation Jet
because of a novel or unusual design
feature, special conditions are
prescribed under the provisions of
§ 21.16. The FAA issues special
conditions, as defined in § 11.19, under
§ 11.38 and they become part of the type
certification basis under § 21.101.
In addition to the applicable
airworthiness regulations and special
conditions, the model 525 must comply
with the part 23 fuel vent and exhaust
emission requirements of part 34 and
the part 23 noise certification
requirements of part 36.
Special conditions are initially
applicable to the model for which they
are issued. Should the applicant apply
for a supplemental type certificate to
modify any other model to incorporate
the same type certificate to incorporate
the same novel or unusual design
feature, the special conditions would
also apply to the other model.
Novel or Unusual Design Features
The Cessna model 525 Citation jet
will incorporate the following novel or
unusual design features:
Garmin International proposes to
replace an existing BF Goodrich PS–
834A lead-acid emergency battery with
a Mid-Continent Instruments MD835
lithium ion battery on Cessna model 525
Citation Jet. This type of battery
possesses certain failure, operational
characteristics, and maintenance
requirements that differ significantly
from the Ni-Cd and lead-acid
rechargeable batteries currently
approved in other normal, utility,
acrobatic, and commuter category
airplanes.
Discussion
The applicable part 21 and part 23
airworthiness regulations governing the
installation of batteries in general
aviation airplanes, including § 23.1353,
were derived from Civil Air Regulations
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(CAR 3) as part of the recodification that
established 14 CFR part 23. The battery
requirements, which were identified as
§ 23.1353, were basically a rewording of
the CAR requirements and did not add
any substantive technical requirements.
An increase in incidents involving
battery fires and failures that
accompanied the increased use of Ni-Cd
batteries in airplanes resulted in
rulemaking activities on the battery
requirements for business jet and
commuter category airplanes. These
regulations were incorporated into
§ 23.1353(f) and (g), which apply only to
Ni-Cd battery installations.
The proposed use of Li-ion batteries
on the Cessna model 525 Citation Jet has
prompted the FAA to review the
adequacy of the existing battery
regulations with respect to that
chemistry. As the result of this review,
the FAA determines the existing
regulations do not adequately address
several failure, operational, and
maintenance characteristics of Li-ion
batteries that could affect safety of the
battery installation and the reliability of
the Cessna model 525 Citation Jet
electrical power supply.
Li-ion batteries in general are
significantly more susceptible to
internal failures that can result in selfsustaining increases in temperature and
pressure (i.e., thermal runaway) than
their Ni-Cd and lead-acid counterparts.
This is especially true for overcharging
a Li-ion battery, which will likely result
in explosion, fire, or both. Certain types
of Li-ion batteries pose a potential safety
problem because of the instability and
flammability of the organic electrolyte
employed by the cells of those batteries.
The severity of thermal runaway in large
batteries increases due to the higher
amount of electrolyte.
If the discharge of the cells is below
a typical voltage of 3.0 volts on some
versions of Li-ion batteries, they will no
longer accept a charge. This loss of
capacity may not be detected by the
simple voltage measurements
commonly available to flight crews as a
means of checking battery status, a
problem shared with Ni-Cd batteries.
Unlike Ni-Cd and lead-acid cells,
some types of Li-ion cells employ
electrolytes that are known to be
flammable. This material can serve as a
source of fuel for an external fire in the
event of a cell container breach.
The intent of these special conditions
is to establish appropriate airworthiness
standards for Li-ion battery installations
in the Cessna model 525 Citation Jet.
Special conditions also ensure that
these battery installations do not
possess hazardous or unreliable design
characteristics. These special conditions
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adopt the following requirements as a
means of addressing these concerns:
(1) Inclusion of those sections of
§ 23.1353 that are applicable to batteries
of any type.
(2) Inclusion of the flammable fluid
fire protection requirements of § 23.863.
In the past, this rule was not applied to
the batteries of business jet or commuter
category airplanes since the electrolytes
utilized in lead-acid and Ni-Cd batteries
are not considered to be flammable.
(3) Addition of new requirements to
address the potential hazards of
overcharging and over discharging that
are unique to Li-ion battery designs.
(4) Addition of maintenance
requirements to ensure that batteries
used as spares are maintained in an
appropriate state of charge (SOC).
Applicability
As discussed above, these special
conditions are applicable to the Cessna
model 525 Citation Jet. Should Garmin
International apply at a later date for a
supplemental type certificate to modify
any other model to incorporate the same
novel or unusual design feature, the
special conditions would apply to that
model as well.
Conclusion
This action affects only certain novel
or unusual design features on the
Cessna model 525 Citation Jet. It is not
a rule of general applicability, and it
affects only the applicant who applied
to the FAA for approval of these features
on the airplane.
The substance of these special
conditions has been subjected to the
notice and comment period in several
prior instances and has been derived
without substantive change from those
previously issued. It is unlikely that
prior public comment would result in a
significant change from the substance
contained herein. Therefore, because a
delay would significantly affect the
certification of the airplane, which is
imminent, the FAA has determined that
prior public notice and comment are
unnecessary and impracticable, and
good cause exists for adopting these
special conditions upon issuance. The
FAA is requesting comments to allow
interested persons to submit views that
may not have been submitted in
response to the prior opportunities for
comment described above.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 23
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Signs and
symbols.
Citation
The authority citation for these
special conditions is as follows:
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44883
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, and
44701; 14 CFR 21.16 and 21.101; and 14 CFR
11.38 and 11.19.
The Special Conditions
Accordingly, pursuant to the
authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the following special
conditions are issued as part of the type
certification basis for Cessna model 525
Citation Jet airplanes modified by
Garmin International.
1. Cessna Model 525 G1000 and
GFC700 Lithium Battery Installation.
The Federal Aviation Administration
issues the following Special Conditions
(SC), which apply to all Cessna model
525 Citation Jets equipped with MidContinent-835 Lithium Ion batteries, in
lieu of the requirements of § 23.1353
(a)(b)(c)(d)(e), Amendment 23–49.
Lithium-ion batteries and battery
installations on Cessna model 525
Citation Jet equipped with existing PS–
834A batteries must be designed and
installed as follows:
(1) Safe cell temperatures and
pressures must be maintained during
any probable charging or discharging
condition, or during any failure of the
charging or battery monitoring system
not shown to be extremely remote. The
Li-ion battery installation must be
designed to preclude explosion or fire in
the event of those failures.
(2) Li-ion batteries must be designed
to preclude the occurrence of selfsustaining, uncontrolled increases in
temperature or pressure.
(3) No explosive or toxic gases
emitted by any Li-ion battery in normal
operation or as the result of any failure
of the battery charging or monitoring
system, or battery installation not
shown to be extremely remote, may
accumulate in hazardous quantities
within the airplane.
(4) Li-ion batteries that contain
flammable fluids must comply with the
flammable fluid fire protection
requirements of § 23.863(a) through (d).
(5) No corrosive fluids or gases that
may escape from any Li-ion battery may
damage airplane structure or essential
equipment.
(6) Each Li-ion battery installation
must have provisions to prevent any
hazardous effect on structure or
essential systems that may be caused by
the maximum amount of heat the
battery can generate during a short
circuit of the battery or of its individual
cells.
(7) Li-ion battery installations must
have—
(i) a system to control the charging
rate of the battery automatically so as to
prevent battery overheating or
overcharging, or
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Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 146 / Friday, July 30, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
(ii) a battery temperature sensing and
over-temperature warning system with a
means for automatically disconnecting
the battery from its charging source in
the event of an over-temperature
condition, or
(iii) a battery failure sensing and
warning system with a means for
automatically disconnecting the battery
from its charging source in the event of
battery failure.
(8) Any Li-ion battery installation
whose function is required for safe
operation of the airplane must
incorporate a monitoring and warning
feature that will provide an indication
to the appropriate flight crewmembers
whenever the capacity and state of
charge (SOC) of the batteries have fallen
below levels considered acceptable for
dispatch of the airplane.
(9) The Instructions for Continued
Airworthiness (ICA) must contain
required manufacturer’s maintenance
and inspection requirements to ensure
batteries, including single cells, meet a
safety function level essential to the
aircraft’s continued airworthiness.
(i) The ICA must contain operating
instructions and equipment limitations
in an installation maintenance manual.
(ii) The ICA must contain installation
procedures and limitations in a
maintenance manual sufficient to
ensure cells or batteries, when installed
according to the installation procedures,
still meet safety functional levels
essential to the aircraft’s continued
airworthiness. The limitations must
identify any unique aspects of the
installation.
(iii) The ICA must contain corrective
maintenance procedures to functionally
check battery capacity at the
manufacturer’s required inspection
intervals.
(iv) The ICA must contain scheduled
servicing information to replace
batteries at the manufacturer’s required
replacement time.
(v) The ICA must contain
maintenance and inspection
requirements to visually check for a
battery and/or charger degradation.
(10) Batteries in a rotating stock
(spares) that have experienced degraded
charge retention capability or other
damage due to prolonged storage must
be functionally checked at
manufacturers recommended inspection
intervals.
(11) If the Lithium Ion battery
application contains software and/or
complex hardware in accordance with
Advisory Circular (AC) 20–115B and AC
20–152, they should be developed to the
standards of DO–178B for software and
DO–254 for complex hardware.
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These special conditions are not
intended to replace § 23.1353 in the
certification basis of the Cessna model
525 Citation Jet. These special
conditions apply only to Li-ion batteries
and battery installations. The battery
requirements of § 23.1353 remain in
effect for batteries and battery
installations on Cessna model 525
Citation Jets that do not use Lithium Ion
batteries.
Issued in Kansas City, Missouri on July 14,
2010.
Kimberly K. Smith,
Manager, Small Airplane Directorate, Aircraft
Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2010–18669 Filed 7–29–10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 71
[Docket No. FAA–2010–0270; Airspace
Docket No. 10–AAL–8]
Revision of Class E Airspace; Kulik
Lake, AK
Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final rule.
AGENCY:
This action revises Class E
airspace at Kulik Lake, AK, to correct an
error in the airspace legal description.
The FAA is taking this action to
enhance safety and management of
Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations
at Kulik Lake Airport.
DATES: Effective 0901 UTC, September
23, 2010. The Director of the Federal
Register approves this incorporation by
reference action under title 1, Code of
Federal Regulations, part 51, subject to
the annual revision of FAA Order
7400.9 and publication of conforming
amendments.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Derril Bergt, AAL–BAL, Federal
Aviation Administration, 222 West 7th
Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513–
7587; telephone number (907) 271–
2796; fax: (907) 271–2850; e-mail:
derril.bergt@faa.gov. Internet address:
https://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/
headquarters_offices/ato/service_units/
systemops/fs/alaskan/rulemaking/.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
SUMMARY:
History
On Tuesday, May 11, 2010, the FAA
published a notice of proposed
rulemaking in the Federal Register to
revise Class E airspace at Kulik Lake,
AK (75 FR 26151).
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Interested parties were invited to
participate in this rulemaking
proceeding by submitting written
comments on the proposal to the FAA.
No comments were received, and the
rule is adopted as proposed.
The Class E airspace areas designated
as 700/1,200 ft. transition areas are
published in paragraph 6005 of FAA
Order 7400.9T, Airspace Designations
and Reporting Points, signed August 27,
2009, and effective September 15, 2009,
which is incorporated by reference in 14
CFR 71.1. The Class E airspace
designations listed in this document
will be published subsequently in the
Order.
The Rule
This action amends Title 14 Code of
Federal Regulations (14 CFR) part 71 by
revising Class E airspace at Kulik Lake
Airport, AK, to correct an old airspace
description error. This Class E airspace
will provide adequate controlled
airspace upward from 700 feet above the
surface for safety and management of
IFR operations at Kulik Lake Airport.
The FAA has determined that this
regulation only involves an established
body of technical regulations for which
frequent and routine amendments are
necessary to keep them operationally
current. It, therefore—(1) Is not a
‘‘significant regulatory action’’ under
Executive Order 12866; (2) is not a
‘‘significant rule’’ under DOT Regulatory
Policies and Procedures (44 FR 11034;
February 26, 1979); and (3) does not
warrant preparation of a regulatory
evaluation as the anticipated impact is
so minimal. Because this is a routine
matter that will only affect air traffic
procedures and air navigation, it is
certified that this rule will not have a
significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities
under the criteria of the Regulatory
Flexibility Act.
The FAA’s authority to issue rules
regarding aviation safety is found in
Title 49 of the United States Code.
Subtitle 1, Section 106 describes the
authority of the FAA Administrator.
Subtitle VII, Aviation Programs,
describes in more detail the scope of the
agency’s authority.
This rulemaking is promulgated
under the authority described in
Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart 1, Section
40103, Sovereignty and use of airspace.
Under that section, the FAA is charged
with prescribing regulations to ensure
the safe and efficient use of the
navigable airspace. This regulation is
within the scope of that authority
because it creates Class E airspace
sufficient in size to contain aircraft
executing instrument procedures for the
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]]>Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 75, Number 146 (Friday, July 30, 2010)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 44881-44884]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2010-18669]
=======================================================================
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 23
[Docket No CE309; Notice No. 23-249-SC]
Special Conditions: Garmin International G1000 and GFC700 System
Installation in the Cessna Model 525 Citation Jet; Installation of Mid-
Continent MD835 Lithium Ion Battery
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final special conditions; request for comments.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: These special conditions are issued for the Garmin
International, model G1000, Multifunctional Display and GFC700
Automatic Flight Control System installation with a Mid-Continent MD835
Lithium Ion Battery in the Cessna model 525 Citation Jet. This airplane
as modified by Garmin International will have a novel or unusual design
feature(s) associated with installation of the Mid-Continent
Instruments MD835 Lithium Ion (Li-ion) battery. The applicable
airworthiness regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety
standards for this design feature. These special conditions contain the
additional safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary
to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the
existing airworthiness standards.
DATES: The effective date of these special conditions is July 14, 2010.
We must receive your comments by August 30, 2010.
ADDRESSES: Mail two copies of your comments to: Federal Aviation
Administration, Regional Counsel, ACE-7, Attn: Rules Docket No CE309,
901 Locust, Room 506, Kansas City, Missouri 64106. You may deliver two
copies to the Small Airplane Directorate at the above address. Mark
your comments: Docket No. CE309. You may inspect comments in the Rules
Docket weekdays, except Federal holidays, between 7:30 a.m. and 4 p.m.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: James Brady, Federal Aviation
Administration, Small Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification
Service, 901 Locust, Kansas City, MO 64106; telephone (816) 329-4132;
facsimile (816) 329-4090.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
The FAA has determined that notice and opportunity for prior public
comment hereon are impracticable because these procedures would
significantly delay issuance of the approval design and thus delivery
of the affected aircraft. In addition, the substance of these special
conditions has been subject to the public comment process in several
prior instances with no substantive comments received. The FAA,
therefore, finds that good cause exists for making these special
conditions effective upon issuance.
Comments Invited
We invite interested persons to submit written data, views, or
arguments as they desire. The most helpful comments reference a
specific portion of the special conditions, explain the reason for any
recommended change, and include supporting data. We ask that you send
us two copies of written comments.
We will file in the docket all comments we receive, as well as a
report summarizing each substantive public contact with FAA personnel
concerning these special conditions. You may inspect the docket before
and after the comment closing date. If you wish to review the docket in
person, go to the address in the ADDRESSES section of this preamble
between 7:30 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal
holidays.
We will consider all comments we receive on or before the closing
date for comments. We will consider comments filed late if it is
possible to do so without incurring expense or delay. We may change
these special conditions based on the comments we receive.
If you want the FAA to acknowledge receipt of your comments on this
proposal, send us a pre-addressed, stamped postcard on which the docket
number appears. We will stamp the date on the postcard and mail it back
to you.
[[Page 44882]]
Background
On September 18, 2009, Garmin International applied for a
supplemental type certificate for installation of the Mid-Continent
Instruments MD835 Lithium Ion battery in the G1000 & GFC700 equipped
Cessna model 525 Citation Jet. The model 525 is a two-engine turbofan
aircraft certified in the normal category under Title 14, part 23. The
aircraft is certified for eight seats including the pilot, a maximum
gross weight of 10,700 pounds, and maximum altitude of 41,000 feet mean
sea level (MSL).
The current regulatory requirements for part 23 airplanes do not
contain adequate requirements for the application of Li-ion batteries
in airborne applications. Garmin International proposes to replace an
existing BF Goodrich PS-834A lead-acid emergency battery with a Mid-
Continent Instruments MD835 Lithium Ion battery on Cessna model 525
Citation Jets. This type of battery possesses certain failure,
operational, and maintenance characteristics that differ significantly
from the nickel cadmium (Ni-Cd) and lead-acid rechargeable batteries
currently approved in other normal, utility, acrobatic, and commuter
category airplanes.
Type Certification Basis
Under the provisions of Sec. 21.101, Garmin International must
show that the Cessna model 525 Citation Jet, as changed, continues to
meet the applicable provisions of the regulations incorporated by
reference in the type certificate of the Cessna model 525 Citation Jet
or the applicable regulations in effect on the date of application for
the change. The regulations incorporated by reference in the type
certificate are commonly referred to as the ``original type
certification basis.'' The regulations incorporated by reference in the
Cessna model 525 Citation Jet are as follows:
For serial numbers 525-0001 through 525-0599
Part 23 effective February 1, 1965, as amended by Amendments 23-1
through 23-38, and 23-40;
For serial numbers: 525-0600 and subsequent:
Part 23 effective February 1, 1965, as amended by Amendments 23-1
through 23-38, and 23-40; except the following paragraphs applicable
for Engines and Full Authority Digital Engine Controls (FADECs):
Sections 23.611, 23.777, 23.779, 23.781, 23.865, 23.867, 23.901,
23.903, 23.939, 23.943, 23.951, 23.955, 23.961, 23.973, 23.1011,
23.1013, 23.1019, 23.1021, 23.1041, 23.1043, 23.1045, 23.1091, 23.1093,
23.1103, 23,1111, 23.1121, 23.1123, 23.1141, 23.1143, 23.1145, 23.1163,
23.1181, 23.1182, 23.1183, 23.1189, 23.1191, 23.1193, 23.1195, 23.1203,
23.1301, 23.1305, 23.1309, 23.1337, 23.1521, 23.1549, and 23.1583 as
amended through Amendment 23-1 through 23-38, and 23-40 through 23-54.
For serial numbers 525-0001 through 525-0599:
14 CFR part 36 effective December 1, 1969, as amended by Amendments
36-1 through 36-18;
For serial numbers 525-0600 and subsequent:
Part 36 December 1, 1969, as amended by Amendments 36-1 through 36-
25
For serial numbers 525-0001 through 525-0599:
14 CFR part 34 effective September 10, 1990;
For serial numbers 525-0600 and subsequent:
Part 34 effective September 10, 1990, Fuel Venting and Exhaust
Emission Requirements for Turbine Engine Powered Airplanes, as amended
by Amendments 34-1 through 34-3.
Compliance with the Noise Control Act of 1972;
Special Conditions as follows:
23-ACE-55, additional requirements for:
Smoke evacuation, protection of electronic systems from lightning
and high intensity radiated electromagnetic fields (HIRF), electronic
flight instrument displays, thrust attenuating systems (thrust
attenuating systems are not applicable for serial numbers 525-0600 and
subsequent), engine fire extinguishing system, performance, including
takeoff, takeoff speeds, accelerate-stop, takeoff path, takeoff
distance and takeoff run, takeoff flight path, climb one engine
inoperative, landing, balked landing, climb, minimum control speed,
trim, static longitudinal stability, demonstration of static
longitudinal stability, static directional and lateral stability, wings
level stall, turning flight and accelerated stalls, stall warning,
vibration and buffeting, high speed characteristics, airspeed
indicating system, static pressure system, maximum operating speed
limit, minimum flight crew, operating limitations, operating
procedures, performance information, airspeed indicator, effects of
contamination on Natural Laminar Flow airfoils, definitions, and AFM
approved information.
Exemption as follows:
Exemption No. 5759 granted to use a relaxed ``Dutch Roll'' damping
criteria above 18,000 feet in lieu of damping criteria of Sec.
23.181(b).
Equivalent level of safety as follows (Applicable to airplanes S/N
525-0360 and On equipped with Collins Proline 21 electronic displays of
engine instruments):
Number ACE-00-01: Sections 23.1305(c)(2), (c)(5), and
23.1549(a) through (d), direct reading, digital only displays for the
high-pressure turbine speed (N2), and fuel flow indications.
Compliance with ice protection has been demonstrated in accordance
with Sec. Sec. 23.1416 and 23.1419.
If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness
regulations (i.e., 14 CFR part 23) do not contain adequate or
appropriate safety standards for the Cessna model 525 Citation Jet
because of a novel or unusual design feature, special conditions are
prescribed under the provisions of Sec. 21.16. The FAA issues special
conditions, as defined in Sec. 11.19, under Sec. 11.38 and they
become part of the type certification basis under Sec. 21.101.
In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special
conditions, the model 525 must comply with the part 23 fuel vent and
exhaust emission requirements of part 34 and the part 23 noise
certification requirements of part 36.
Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which
they are issued. Should the applicant apply for a supplemental type
certificate to modify any other model to incorporate the same type
certificate to incorporate the same novel or unusual design feature,
the special conditions would also apply to the other model.
Novel or Unusual Design Features
The Cessna model 525 Citation jet will incorporate the following
novel or unusual design features:
Garmin International proposes to replace an existing BF Goodrich
PS-834A lead-acid emergency battery with a Mid-Continent Instruments
MD835 lithium ion battery on Cessna model 525 Citation Jet. This type
of battery possesses certain failure, operational characteristics, and
maintenance requirements that differ significantly from the Ni-Cd and
lead-acid rechargeable batteries currently approved in other normal,
utility, acrobatic, and commuter category airplanes.
Discussion
The applicable part 21 and part 23 airworthiness regulations
governing the installation of batteries in general aviation airplanes,
including Sec. 23.1353, were derived from Civil Air Regulations
[[Page 44883]]
(CAR 3) as part of the recodification that established 14 CFR part 23.
The battery requirements, which were identified as Sec. 23.1353, were
basically a rewording of the CAR requirements and did not add any
substantive technical requirements. An increase in incidents involving
battery fires and failures that accompanied the increased use of Ni-Cd
batteries in airplanes resulted in rulemaking activities on the battery
requirements for business jet and commuter category airplanes. These
regulations were incorporated into Sec. 23.1353(f) and (g), which
apply only to Ni-Cd battery installations.
The proposed use of Li-ion batteries on the Cessna model 525
Citation Jet has prompted the FAA to review the adequacy of the
existing battery regulations with respect to that chemistry. As the
result of this review, the FAA determines the existing regulations do
not adequately address several failure, operational, and maintenance
characteristics of Li-ion batteries that could affect safety of the
battery installation and the reliability of the Cessna model 525
Citation Jet electrical power supply.
Li-ion batteries in general are significantly more susceptible to
internal failures that can result in self-sustaining increases in
temperature and pressure (i.e., thermal runaway) than their Ni-Cd and
lead-acid counterparts. This is especially true for overcharging a Li-
ion battery, which will likely result in explosion, fire, or both.
Certain types of Li-ion batteries pose a potential safety problem
because of the instability and flammability of the organic electrolyte
employed by the cells of those batteries. The severity of thermal
runaway in large batteries increases due to the higher amount of
electrolyte.
If the discharge of the cells is below a typical voltage of 3.0
volts on some versions of Li-ion batteries, they will no longer accept
a charge. This loss of capacity may not be detected by the simple
voltage measurements commonly available to flight crews as a means of
checking battery status, a problem shared with Ni-Cd batteries.
Unlike Ni-Cd and lead-acid cells, some types of Li-ion cells employ
electrolytes that are known to be flammable. This material can serve as
a source of fuel for an external fire in the event of a cell container
breach.
The intent of these special conditions is to establish appropriate
airworthiness standards for Li-ion battery installations in the Cessna
model 525 Citation Jet. Special conditions also ensure that these
battery installations do not possess hazardous or unreliable design
characteristics. These special conditions adopt the following
requirements as a means of addressing these concerns:
(1) Inclusion of those sections of Sec. 23.1353 that are
applicable to batteries of any type.
(2) Inclusion of the flammable fluid fire protection requirements
of Sec. 23.863. In the past, this rule was not applied to the
batteries of business jet or commuter category airplanes since the
electrolytes utilized in lead-acid and Ni-Cd batteries are not
considered to be flammable.
(3) Addition of new requirements to address the potential hazards
of overcharging and over discharging that are unique to Li-ion battery
designs.
(4) Addition of maintenance requirements to ensure that batteries
used as spares are maintained in an appropriate state of charge (SOC).
Applicability
As discussed above, these special conditions are applicable to the
Cessna model 525 Citation Jet. Should Garmin International apply at a
later date for a supplemental type certificate to modify any other
model to incorporate the same novel or unusual design feature, the
special conditions would apply to that model as well.
Conclusion
This action affects only certain novel or unusual design features
on the Cessna model 525 Citation Jet. It is not a rule of general
applicability, and it affects only the applicant who applied to the FAA
for approval of these features on the airplane.
The substance of these special conditions has been subjected to the
notice and comment period in several prior instances and has been
derived without substantive change from those previously issued. It is
unlikely that prior public comment would result in a significant change
from the substance contained herein. Therefore, because a delay would
significantly affect the certification of the airplane, which is
imminent, the FAA has determined that prior public notice and comment
are unnecessary and impracticable, and good cause exists for adopting
these special conditions upon issuance. The FAA is requesting comments
to allow interested persons to submit views that may not have been
submitted in response to the prior opportunities for comment described
above.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 23
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Signs and symbols.
Citation
The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, and 44701; 14 CFR 21.16 and
21.101; and 14 CFR 11.38 and 11.19.
The Special Conditions
Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the following special conditions are issued as part of
the type certification basis for Cessna model 525 Citation Jet
airplanes modified by Garmin International.
1. Cessna Model 525 G1000 and GFC700 Lithium Battery Installation.
The Federal Aviation Administration issues the following Special
Conditions (SC), which apply to all Cessna model 525 Citation Jets
equipped with Mid-Continent-835 Lithium Ion batteries, in lieu of the
requirements of Sec. 23.1353 (a)(b)(c)(d)(e), Amendment 23-49.
Lithium-ion batteries and battery installations on Cessna model 525
Citation Jet equipped with existing PS-834A batteries must be designed
and installed as follows:
(1) Safe cell temperatures and pressures must be maintained during
any probable charging or discharging condition, or during any failure
of the charging or battery monitoring system not shown to be extremely
remote. The Li-ion battery installation must be designed to preclude
explosion or fire in the event of those failures.
(2) Li-ion batteries must be designed to preclude the occurrence of
self-sustaining, uncontrolled increases in temperature or pressure.
(3) No explosive or toxic gases emitted by any Li-ion battery in
normal operation or as the result of any failure of the battery
charging or monitoring system, or battery installation not shown to be
extremely remote, may accumulate in hazardous quantities within the
airplane.
(4) Li-ion batteries that contain flammable fluids must comply with
the flammable fluid fire protection requirements of Sec. 23.863(a)
through (d).
(5) No corrosive fluids or gases that may escape from any Li-ion
battery may damage airplane structure or essential equipment.
(6) Each Li-ion battery installation must have provisions to
prevent any hazardous effect on structure or essential systems that may
be caused by the maximum amount of heat the battery can generate during
a short circuit of the battery or of its individual cells.
(7) Li-ion battery installations must have--
(i) a system to control the charging rate of the battery
automatically so as to prevent battery overheating or overcharging, or
[[Page 44884]]
(ii) a battery temperature sensing and over-temperature warning
system with a means for automatically disconnecting the battery from
its charging source in the event of an over-temperature condition, or
(iii) a battery failure sensing and warning system with a means for
automatically disconnecting the battery from its charging source in the
event of battery failure.
(8) Any Li-ion battery installation whose function is required for
safe operation of the airplane must incorporate a monitoring and
warning feature that will provide an indication to the appropriate
flight crewmembers whenever the capacity and state of charge (SOC) of
the batteries have fallen below levels considered acceptable for
dispatch of the airplane.
(9) The Instructions for Continued Airworthiness (ICA) must contain
required manufacturer's maintenance and inspection requirements to
ensure batteries, including single cells, meet a safety function level
essential to the aircraft's continued airworthiness.
(i) The ICA must contain operating instructions and equipment
limitations in an installation maintenance manual.
(ii) The ICA must contain installation procedures and limitations
in a maintenance manual sufficient to ensure cells or batteries, when
installed according to the installation procedures, still meet safety
functional levels essential to the aircraft's continued airworthiness.
The limitations must identify any unique aspects of the installation.
(iii) The ICA must contain corrective maintenance procedures to
functionally check battery capacity at the manufacturer's required
inspection intervals.
(iv) The ICA must contain scheduled servicing information to
replace batteries at the manufacturer's required replacement time.
(v) The ICA must contain maintenance and inspection requirements to
visually check for a battery and/or charger degradation.
(10) Batteries in a rotating stock (spares) that have experienced
degraded charge retention capability or other damage due to prolonged
storage must be functionally checked at manufacturers recommended
inspection intervals.
(11) If the Lithium Ion battery application contains software and/
or complex hardware in accordance with Advisory Circular (AC) 20-115B
and AC 20-152, they should be developed to the standards of DO-178B for
software and DO-254 for complex hardware.
These special conditions are not intended to replace Sec. 23.1353
in the certification basis of the Cessna model 525 Citation Jet. These
special conditions apply only to Li-ion batteries and battery
installations. The battery requirements of Sec. 23.1353 remain in
effect for batteries and battery installations on Cessna model 525
Citation Jets that do not use Lithium Ion batteries.
Issued in Kansas City, Missouri on July 14, 2010.
Kimberly K. Smith,
Manager, Small Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2010-18669 Filed 7-29-10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P
